University of South Carolina Libraries
HOTT & CO., Proprietors. ANDERSON C. EL, S. 0., THURSDAY MORNING, MARCH 18, 1875. VOLUME X.?NO. 35. Correspondence Charleston News and Courier. GOT. CHAMBJJBLAES INTERVIEWED. His Entire Confidence in the Innocence and Integrity of the State Treasurer. j Columbia, S. C, March 10,1875. In obedience to instructions received from you by telegraph, I waited on Governor Cham? berlain to-day, when the following conversation took place on the subject of the charges against State Treasurer Cardozo: the estebvusw. Reporter?There is a great public interest ? Felt, governor, to know your views of the case of Mr. Card?zo, and I have called to enquire if' you are willing to make them known through the News and Onerier. Governor?Yes sir; I see no good reason why I 'should not answer your inquiries fully. The matter is one that interests me beyond anything ?else which has occurred during my administra? tion, and I have not failed to read every word that has appeared in the various documents connected with it. Of course every fair-minded man holds himself open to the consideration of any new facts or evidence which may be added to the case, or any new arguments based on the facts already developed. Premising this, I do not hesitate to say that I have entire confidence in Mr. Cardozo. Men, many men, friends of mine, have come to me, and said: "Don't mix yourself up in this fight; it is no affair of yours, and you ought to keep clear of it." Now what sort of advice is this ? What do such men take J me for? Do they think I am going to sit by j and see Injustice done to a State officer without opening my mouth ? It would be damnable cowardice. If I knew to-day there was not an- j other man in Ihe world who would speak for! Mr. Cardozo, I would all the more stand by him. j I haven't come into this office expecting a bed j of roses. I am not half so anxious to make friends or avoid -enemies as I am to do right; j and, until evidence, facts, compels me to lose faith in Mr. Cardozo, he shall have my confi-1 denceand my personal and moral support in every form. Well, sir, I have examined all the evidence yet adduced, and I find nothing to shake my faith in Mr. Cardozr/s honesty. Reporter?Let me ask you at this point, gov? ernor, what has been heretofore your estimate of Mr. Cardozo? Governor-*-! have known Mr. Cardozo inti-1 mately since last summer. He was an early supporter of mine for my present position. I think I have known-his aims and plans, and I say without qualification that I have never heard one word or seen one act of Mr. Cardozo's which did not confirm my confidence in his personal integrity and his political honor and zeal for the honest administration of the State government. On every occasion, and under all circumstances, he has been against fraud and jobbery, and in favoir of good measures and good men. The public do not know the pressure which has been brought to bear upon me in I this office to make me yield my views of public I duty. If I had known it myself beforehand, I would never have dared to take the office. But in the midst of it all, when I could count all I (he Republicans who seemed to sympathize with me on the fingers of one hand, there was one j man who never faltered, who never failed to come unasked and stand at my side, and that man was Francis L. Cardozo. I tell you, sir, I should despise myself if I did not stand by such I a man till the last gun was fired, unless I was driven to believe him a hypocrite and scoun? drel. Now, air, I saw this storm gathering long ago. | I knew that any man who did his duty as a Treasurer, who lent himself to no jobbery, and had no private ends to serve, would make him self the most unpopular man in South Carolina. J Cardozo knew it too. I confess I did not ex- j pect to see the element which views the public j service as a mere chance to make money able to make headway as they are now apparently making against Mr. Cardozo. I did hope for j better things, but I also expected to find a howl j and outcry against any man who did his duty by the Treasury. I do not wish to be under? stood as implying that all who are opposed to Mr. Cardozo are consciously striking down a faithful public officer; but every man here in Columbia knows that the real force which urges on this attack upon Mr. Cardoso is not a desire to guard the Treasury. I speak now what every man confesses to me when I ask him the question. Reporter?Bati Governor, what do you say of the attitude of the Conservatives towards Mr. Cardozo ? Governor--Well, sir, I think they intend to do justice to Mr. Cardozo in the end; and so I think of very many republicans. I do not wonder at their voting for raising a committee to prepare an address. That is probably now the only way to bring the whole case to a point j where justice can .be done. I am bound to say that the conservatives have acted with great political generosity and patriotism towards me and my administration. I believe they will do ?what they think just by Mr: Cardozo, and their votes in this matter so far indicates no more, in my judgment, than to have the case fully tried. I cannot believe the vote on appointing the committee' represents their probable vote on the address of removal, unless new facts are developed. Reporter?Will you be kind enough to give me your views of the case, as presented up to this time, against Mr. Cardozo? Governor?Yes, sir, that is what I desire to do. The charges against Mr. Cardozo em? brace two general points: First, the funding of certain bonds at one time hypothecated in New York, and the coupons attached to such bonds, and, second, the diversion of the interest fund. Now, with regard to the bonds and coupons alleged to have been wrongfully funded, the act to reduce the volume of the public debt makes no exception of any of these bonds or coupons. All are exchangeable under that act. If these bonds and coupons were out? standing at the time of the passage of that act, then they were, by the terms of the act, exchangeable. In funding them Mr. Cardozo simply followed the terns of the act. If, how? ever, any of these bonds or coupons were un? lawfully outstanding, and knowledge of this were brought home to Mr. Cardozo, he might well have refused to fund them, as he did do in the case of some coupons. I do not think that'Mr. Cardozo would have been guilty of any offense if he had funded any ana all cou? pons which were made fnndable by the terms of the act.' A strict and literal compliance with the law would have been all that could have been strictly required of him. If he was in collusion with any parties presenting bonds or coupons illegally or fraudulently outstand? ing, .then he is guilty. But I do not see any such evidence, nor any evidence pointing that way. The attempt to hold Mr. Cardozo responsible for funding the bonds and coupons reported by the Dunn committee last summer as nypo thecated without lawful authority is unjust to the last degree. All the information now in the possession of the public respecting these bonos was presented to the treasurer and attor? ney-general last summer, and the attorney-gen? eral states in his last annual report that he did not? consider it important enough to cause him I to advise that those bonds should not be funded. On the contrary, he expressly defends the funding of all those bonds. Why, then, is it now attempted to punish Mr. Cardozo for do ing what the law directed, and what the attor- I ney-general advised? This particular matter was likewise laid before me last summer, and I advised that there was no reason why these bonds should not be funded. And I say the same thing now. Bring home to Mr. Cardozo any knowledge of any fraud, connect him in any way with ' any intention to do wrong to the State, convict him of a willful neglect of any duty or an unwarrantable refusal to act upon any evidence of illegality in bonds or coupons presented to him, and you have a case against him. But I see nothing, nothing whatever, which gives color to any charge of fraud or evil intent on his part As to the diversion of the interest fund, I still see less ground for the removal of Mr. Cardozo. Look at the general features of this charge. The State hasn't lost a dollar. That the law is susceptible of the construction given to it by Mr. Cardozo is apparent, both from an examination of the act and from Mr. Melton's letter to Mr. Cardozo. That Mr. Cardozo acted also from good motives is likewise evi? dent. Where, then, is the ground for any charge involving moral turpitude, or rendering him worthy of removal ? I personally-know Mr. Cardozo'a statements as to the reasons of his reducing the balance j in the bank early in January to be the reasons which he then disclosed to me. His motive then met my approval, and I still approve it, I though he acted at his own risk. That is, if he had failed to replace the funds, he would have been liable on his bond and to the penalty prescribed in the act. If the general assembly, however, desire a strict and literal construction of that law, it can be secured without visiting any punishment upon an officer who erred, if he erred at all, because he sought to favor the general assembly and to save the State funds from loss. The position of the Newt and Courier on this question is a perfectly fair and just one. If Mr. Cardozo has falsified the records, or know-1 ingly done any fraudulent act, or any willfnl act resulting in injury to the State, then let him be duly punished. If not, let good men baffle those who have entered into a conspiracy to knock down one of the strongest pillars of the present reform administration. At any rate, whether I stand alone or with many, that will be my course to the end. Consequences can take care of themselves. Reporter?Governor, if it is a fair question, how far is the Union-Herald your organ? Governor?Well, sir whether a fair question or not, I will answer it. The Union-Herald is owned in part by me, but is not my organ. I want no organ of any kind. I don't want an organ to tell me every day that I am the mas? ter-mind of the world, or to sneeze because I take snuff. Such support as that disgusts any true man. The Union-Herald is in charge of I J. G. Thompson, an original, uncompromising, fearless and able republican. He edits that paper as independently as the editors of the j Newt and Courier do your paper. Ask him J and he will tell you I never dictated a word or line for that paper. But I want a free, un trammeled newspaper here to support me when I am right and to oppose me whenever its ed? itor thinks I am wrong. That is just what the Union-Herald is doing. At this point the interview terminated, as I had nothing more to ask, and the governor seemed to have nothing more that he cared to say. Vidette. Why So Few Gardens ? It is astonishing that, with the facilities by j which every man in our country is surrounded j to supply himself and his family with the sub? stantial advantages and refining influences of a garden, so few avail themselves of them. It is a great error to suppose that it is neces? sary to be wealthy to have a good garden and attractive flower yard. Every man who chooses can have land enough to have both. Even in the most deusely populated portions of the northern cities we have seen lovely collections of plants and flowers, with many varieties of fruits. In European cities, where the poorer classes live in crowded tenements, we have seen the fairest and choicest flowers blooming in window gardens, cultivated by hands that earned but a few cents per day to provide for the wants of a large family. In the country, especially one like ours, with the finest climate and the richest soil in the world, it is a re Sroach to our civilization that our flower gar ens are so ill supplied and poorly cultivated ; in our eagerness to obtain wealth we imagine that it is necessary to devote all our time to its pursuit, and that every moment of time and every rod of ground that is not devoted to ma? king money is wasted. "We have no time to fool with garden truck or with flowers," says the farmer who lives in a tumbledown log house with worm fences, dilapidated stables and sheds, eat hog and hominy, makes his fifty, a hundred or two hundred bales of cotton. Every hour in the day, week after week, year after year, must be devoted to raise more cotton. Not a mo? ment can be spared to enjoy the beauty and glo? ry which nature so lavishly yields for the asking. The vegetable gardens, so called, which are to be found on nineteen out of twenty plantations are monuments of thriftlessness, ugliness and poverty. A few straggling- collards, a row or two of nnstaked peas, a few snaps, with a dim? inutive patch of Irish potatoes struggling for bare life with weeds and grass, constitute the vegetables. We venture to say that in not one of the cot? ton States can there be found a dozen planta? tion gardens where asparagus, beets, carrots, parsnips, peas, beans, celery, tomatoes, salsify, egg plant, okra, lettuce, onions, cabbage and cucumbers can be found in their proper succes? sion, and yet there is not a single plantation where all these vegetables could not be raised in abundance on less than an acre of land for an outlay of a few dollars, yielding more of domes? tic comfort than any other ten acres on the place. And as for flowers, where do we find them except those which nature gives in spite of man ? Is this so because we are destitute of an appreciation of comfort and all taste for the beautiful ? Is it because the sweet sunshine of heaven and the beauty and glory of the world have no charms for us except as they are con? nected with the yield of our cotton patch? For a small partof what we spend for cigars, whiskey and the circus, the poorest of us can surround himself with a valuable vegetable and fruit garden and invest his dwelling, be it ever so humble, with the flowers of rich foliage and the bloom and fragrance of flowers. "Nature lets the tree grow," as Willis said, "and the flower expand: for man, without reference to his account at the bank."?Southern Farmer. ? "When the cold wind blows take care of your nose thai it doesn't froze, and wrap up vour toes in warm woolen hose." The above, we suppose, was written in prose by some one who knows tho effects of cold blows. ? When a poor young lady hems handker? chiefs for a rich bachelor, it may be suspected that she is sewing that she may reap. CHARGES AGAINST THE TREASURES. The Report of the Joint Committee on an Address for Removal. Columbia, March 11, 1875. At the evening session of the Senate, Mr. Swails submitted the following report: The special joint committee appointed to draw ana present to the two houses an address to his Excellency the Governor tor the removal of F. L. Cardozo, State Treasurer, beg leave to report that they have performed the duty as? signed them, and respectfully ask leave to pre? sent the accompanying charges and specifica? tions for the consideration of the two Houses. The committee recommend that, in accordance with section 4, article 7, of the constitution, a copy of the charges be served upon the said i F. IL. Cardozo, and that he be required to ap | pear before the two houses, met in joint assem | bly, at 12 o'clock m., on Tudesday, the 16th j rast., then and there to make answer to the j same. The committee further report that they j have now in course of preparation certain rules of procedure in relation to the case, which will be reported to the two Houses as soon.-as prac? ticable. All of which is respectfully submit? ted. S. A. Swails, Chairman on part of Senate. J. A. Barker, Chairman on part of House. To his Excellency Daniel H. Chamberlain, Governor of the State of South Carolina: The General Assembly, convened in the Senate and House of Representatives, by a vote of two-thirds of each House, and in the execution of the authority vested in them, un? der section 4 of article 7 of the constitution of the State, respectfully address your Excellency, and ask that the Hon. F. L. Cardozo be re? moved from the office of State Treasurer. The causes for which they ask the removal of the said F. L. Cardozo from the office of State ^Treasurer are contained in the following 'charges, to wit: Charge L They charge that the said F. L. Cardozo has been guilty of misconduct and irregularity in the administration of his office as State Treasurer: Specification 1. In this, that whereas for the express purpose of providing, as far as possible, against the issuing of any bonds under "An Act to reduce the volume of the public debt, and provide for the payment of the same," ap? proved December 22,' 1873, and commonly known as the funding act, in exchange for and in lieu of bonds in the possession of persons who were not the actual owners thereof, the General Assembly, by a concurrent resolution, passed March 17,1874, appointed a joint com mitee to ascertain what bonds of the State were pledged by the financial agent of the > State as collateral security for State loans, and ! to report their numbers, the colors of their numbers, and their denominations, as well as the amounts for which they were pledged, to the State Treasurer as soon as ascertained ; and report their numbers, the colors of their num? bers, and their denominations, as well as the amount for which they were pledged, to the State Treasurer, yet, notwithstanding the said report, the State Treasurer did, at various times between the 25th of June, 1874, and the 15th of February, 1875, under color of the said act, fund and permit to be funded at the State Treasury, at Columbia, ?978,500 of bonds of the State, well knowing that the said bonds were the bonds so reported to be the possession of persons not the actual owners thereof, in excess of the amount authorized by law to be issued, and, therefore, were not a legal obliga? tion of the State, and were not entitled to be funded under the provisions of the said act. Specification 2. In this, that the said F. L. Cardozo, State Treasurer, did, at various times between the 25th of Juue, 1874, and 15th of February, 1875, under color of the said act, fund and permit to be funded at the State Treas? ury, at Columbia, $241,011 of coupons which were detached from the bonds of the State, and which matured on or before the 1st of July, 1872, when the said State Treasurer had the means of knowing, and should well have known, that the whole interest due upon the bonds of the State up to that 'ate had been paid, and that the said coupons so outstanding were in fraud of the just credit of the State, and, therefore, were not entitled to be funded under the provisions of the said act. Specification 3. In this, that the said F. L. Cardozo, State Treasurer, did, at various times between the 25th of June, 1874, and 15th of February, 1875, under color of said act, fund and permit to be funded at the State Treasury, at Columbia, $196,485 of coupons which ma? tured between the 1st of April, 1869, and 1st of October, 1871, inclusive, and which were detached from bonds of the State before and during the period of the hypothecation of said bonds; and when, therefore, the said State Treasurer had the means of knowing, and should well have known, that the said coupons were the property of the State, and not an in? debtedness against the State, and. therefore, were not entitled to be funded under the pro? visions of the said act. Specification 4. In this, that the said F. L. Cardozo, State Treasurer, did, at various times between the 25th of June, 1874, and the 15th of February, 1875, under color of the said act, fund and permit to be funded at the State Treasury, at Columbia, $6,960 of coupons which were detached from bonds of the State, and which matured before the bonds them? selves were issued from the State Treasury, and which the said State Treasurer had the means of knowing, and should well have known, were not a liability against the State, and, therefore, were not entitled to be funded under the pro? visions of the said act. Specification 5. In this, that the said F. L. Cardozo, State Treasurer, did, at various times between the 25th of June, 1874, and the 15th of February, 1875, under color of the said act, fund and permit to be funded at the State Treasury, at Columbia, $9,205 of coupons which were detached from bonds of the State, and which matured between the 1st of Janua? ry, 1870, and the 1st of July, 1871, inclusive; the bonds from which the said coupons were de? tached having always been the property of the State, and still being in the possession of the State Treasury, marked "canceled, unused," and the said coupons, therefore, not being en? titled to be funded under the provisions of the said act; all of which the State Treasurer had the means of knowing, aud should well have known. Specification 6. In this, that whereas, by sec? tion 7 of the said "act to reduce the volume of the public debt, and provide for the payment of the same," commonly kuown as the funding act, it is provided that the fuud of the State thereby solemnly pledged for the punctual payment of the interest and final redemption of the principal of the bonds^and stocks then authorized, "shall be kept separate and apart from all other funds, and shall bo applied, first, to the payment of the annually accruing inter? est" upon such bonds and stocks ; and, second, "to the extinguishment of the public debt, and to no other purpose;" yet the said F. L. Car? dozo, Slate Treasurer, has kept such fund sepa? rate and apart from all other funds only nomi nally on his books, and has deposited such fund and drawn upon it, in common with all other funds to his credit, for other purposes than the payment of the said interest or extinguishment of said public debt, therebv defeating the in? tention of said act, and endangering the secu? rity guarauteed to the public creditors and the faith and credit of the State. Charge 2. They charge that said F. L. Car? dozo, State Treasurer, has been guilty of will? ful neglect of duty. Specification 1. In this, that whereas it is Srovided by section 33, chapter 17, of Revised tatutes, "that the Treasurer shall, at the end of every month, report to the Comptroller General an accurate statement of the cash transactions of the Treasury of every descrip? tion f yet said F. L. Cardozo, State Treasurer, has, since the 31st of October, 1874, wholly omitted to report to the Comptroller General any statement of cash transactions of the Treasury. j On motion of Mr. Swails, the recommenda tioa of the committee was agreed to, and a message sent to the House of Representatives, requesting its concurrence. It was also order? ed that the report and address be printed, and copies served upon F. L. Cardozo, State Treas? urer. ; A message was received from the Senate that it had agreed to the recommendation of the special joint committee appointed to prepare and present to the two houses an address to the Governor for the removal of F. L. Cardozo, State Treasurer, that a copy of the charges be I served upon said F. L. Cardozo, and he ne re? quired to appear before the two houses, met in joint assembly, at 12 m. Tuesday, 16th instant, then and there to make answer to the same, and requests the concurrence of the House. Agreed to. A Loss of Millions by the Cotton Planters. ? Last autumn we directed attention, as we j had done the year before, to the financial inju: ry done to our cotton growers by the specula? tions going on at the time in the great staple product of the Southern States. We were ac? cused of being a "bull," to use the vulgar jar? gon of the speculators, because we expressed the opinion that the cotton crop of 1874-75 would be less than four millions of bales, and it was said, moreover, that our opinion had no foundation. Since then our judgment, which was made up from a comparison of all the facts and re? ports then in our possession, has been tested by time, and, leaving out of the account the welfare of the Southern people, we are very well satisfied with the result. The highest es? timates at the present time place the crop at three and three-fourths millions of bales, and from all the information we can gather it will j not surprise us if the total amount shall be even less. I Unfortunately for the agricultural interests I of the Southern States, the verification of our j estimate involves a direct loss to the cotton planters of a great deal of money. They have already sold nearly three millions of bales of cotton to the English manufacturers at the rate of seven and one-half pence a pound, or one penny?that is, two cents?a pound less than it ought to have fetched. We have maintained that, whenever the crop falls below four mil , lions of bales, cotton ought to be sold for nine 1 pence a pound, and according to the prospects now this will be the rate for the remainder of the present crop. But a fair price for what is left will make but poor amends for the loss on what has been sold, and in no sense will relieve from responsibility the speculators, who, by reason of the unusually favorable weather of October, November and December, and the consequently large receipts of cotton at the shipping ports during those months, were able to depress the price. The loss thus inflicted upon the cotton planters of the country on an estimate of two cents a pound, amounts to nine dollars a bale on every bale sold, or in all to ?27,000,000, and reaches the proportions of a national calamity. The history of the cotton trade for the last six months ought to teach all persons interest? ed in it one thing, namely: that excessive sup? plies of the marketable article early in the sea? son furnished no just ground for believing that the total crop will be large. Calculations to be trustworthy must be made on the area plant? ed, the care taken of the growing crop, tne in? fluence of the weather, and other similar causes of a large or small crop. The mistake made in this respect in the present instances may be fully illustrated by abrief comparison. Among the last six cotton years, those of 1870-71 and 1873-74 are considered as the large cotton crop years. In the first of these years the country produced 4,352,000 bales, and in the second 4,171,000 bales. We will now com? pare the receipts at the shipping ports during the first four months?from the beginning of September to the end of December inclusiver? of each of these fruitful years, with the re? ceipts during the same period of the present cotton year: , 1870-71. 1878-74. 1874-75. 1,499,000 bales 1,738,000 bales 1,987,000 bales It thus appears that there were received for shipment during the first four months of the present cotton year 488,000 bales more than in 1870-71, which is known as the great cotton year. But now turn to the receipts for the months of January and February of the same years, and observe the change: 1870-71. 1873-74. 1874-85 1,290,000 bales 1,301,000 bales 930,000 bales This shows a falling off in two months of the present cotton year of 360,000 bales as com? pared with the same months in 1870-71, and of 370,000 bales as compared with last year. In other words, the homely saying that four gal? lons of liquor can be poured as quickly out of a five-gallon keg as out of a sixty-gallon cask, has received a new illustration. The point of the proverb becomes apparent when one begins to wait for the fifth gallon. Our English customers are now becoming aware that the cotton crop of this country for the present year is approaching exhaustion. The advance in price which will undoubtedly fol? low the discovery of this melancholy fact will go into their pockets and the pockets of the speculators, ana not into the depleted purses of the cotton planters of this country, where it justly belongs.?JV. Y. Evening Post, March 6. ? A cat caught a sparrow, and was about to devour it, but the sparrow said, "No gentleman eats till he washes his face." The cat, struck with this remark, set the sparrow down, and began to wash his face with his paw, but the sparrow flew away. This vexed puss extreme? ly, and he said, "As long as I live I will eat first and wash my face afterward," which all cats do even to this day.* ? Very stern parent indeed: "Come here, sir! What is this complaint the schoolmaster has made against you ?" Much injured youth : "It's just nothing at all. You see Jimmy Hughes bent a pin, and I only just left it on the teacher's chair for him to look at, and now ho wants to blame me for it." ? A Tennessee man wrote his will on a pa? per collar, and it passed through the Probate I Court as well as any other will, though a little unhandy about filing. Leaviug Both Ends Open. The following, from an old number of Har? per's Magazine, will repay perusal: The Rev. Dr. W. F. B., of Virginia, (whose name, by the way, is a household word in his native State,) was one of the successful com? pounds of the wag and the saint. In his early life he lived and labored in the State of Ken? tucky, where the following incident occurred : It may be necessary to premise that the country churches in the South and West, at that time, were more or less weak, not very en? terprising, and, withal, a little stingy. Hence, they managed to keep up more the name of public worship than the reality by generally employing one minister among four churches and meeting once a month. Dr. B. had received and accepted a unani? mous call to one of these societies ; but, as usual, nothing had been said about his salary, ior the time of his monthly visit; and to ar? range these matters he attended the next busi? ness meeting of the body. When the meeting had been organized, a prominent member of the church arose, and, after congratulating the brethren upon baring secured the'valuable services of Dr. B., pro* ceeded to say that as his pay would necessarily be small, it ought at least to be paid regularly, and that the church should now pledge to him some definite amount. He acknowledged that it was an innovation, but gave several reasons why it should be done and took his seat. Another brother then took the floor, who, after surpassing the other in his compliments to Dr. B., recurred to the subject of salary. For his part, he said, he could not see the pro? priety, nor the necessity, of paying the broth? er's salary in this methodical way. He thought it much better to leave the whole matter open-, perfectly open. He thought it would answer to pay the money whenever it should happen to be in the treasury; that it was unnecessary to say now when the payments would be made, or to pay the same amount every time. Some months the brother would be paid more, sorno less, some none at all, perhaps; but he thought this way had a less sordid and worldly appear? ance, and he did not doubt that, in the long run, the pastor would receive more by this means thaneany other. This talk struck the brethren present so fa? vorably that, after a little vaccillation, they adopted the views of the speaker unanimously. The next business in order was the choice of a Sabbath on which to have preaching; and this they agreed to submit entirely to the conven? ience of the pastor. Dr. B., who had been an attentive listener during the whole debate con I cerning his salary, now arose to state on what j Sabbath in the month he would preach for them. I I After expressing great love for his charge 1 and an ardeut desire to be useful to them, he remarked that as to the day on which he should preach for them he deemed it unnecessary to speak very definitely. Some months he would come on the first Sabbath, some on the second, some on a week day, and some not at all. There was no use in having cast iron rules about a thing of that kind; that it was inconvenient and had too much of a sordid, worldly appear? ance to act in a regular, methodical manner, and that ho did not doubt, in the long run, that they would get a greater amount of ser? vice in that way than any other. They had proposed to leave the matter open as to his salary, to which he had no objection ; and for his part he thought it best to leave the matter open at both ends?entirely open. Hav? ing thus arranged and horrified his audi? tors, he quietly resumed his seat. This speech wounded the feelings of the brethren dreadfully. They sat for some time overcome with pique and mortification. But a little reflection soon enabled them to see that the Doctor had caught them in their own trap, and at last they acknowledged the corn and agreed to pay the Doctor one hundred dollars per annum, and he agreed to preach on the second Sabbath in each month, and good feel? ing was restored. 'j Convict Labor. If the State penitentiary continues to add to its numbers during the next six months at the rate at which it has increased during the past three, its population will be something over < three hundred. The appropriation is based J upon an average of only two hundred, and it is almost certain that the institution will have either to go in debt again, or there must be found some means by which the labor of the convicts can be made profitable, or at least con? tribute to the support of the'institution. One object of modern punishment is to iso? late the convict from society, but this has been gradually tending toward a recompense instead of a punishment. He is kept at a hotel, fed, clothed, cared for in sickness, and buried when dead, at the expense of the public. The difficulties in the way of the profitable employment of prisoners in this State are many. Of the whole number now within the walls there are not five educated mechanics ; ninety five in a hundred are field hands, with no knowledge of an implement other than a hoe; the building itself is unfinished?it is a fry? ing pan in summer and an ice house in winter; it is unsupplied with tools enough to stock an ordinary carpenter shop; there are no facilities for any kind of skilled labor even if it were there, aud there are no means by which a man can be taught a trade even if he were capable of learning one. In the prisons, Buch as those of Ohio, Massa? chusetts, Maine and Pennsylvania, that have been compared with it, to its manifest disad? vantage as to pecuniary results, the conditions as to mechanical appliances and skilled labor are just reversed. There are to be found men who can make anything, from a nail to an Armstrong gun. Those States have spent each a million of dollars in buildings and machine? ry. A man can learn thoroughly half a dozen trades. The labor of convicts can thus easily be made profitable. In Tennesseo there are coal and other mines in which even the un? skilled labor is made profitable, the men being let out at so much a day, including food and guards, the State only furnishing clothing. In our case all these facilities are absent, av d there is, besides, a law which forbids the em? ployment of convicts outside of the prison walls in competition to free labor. We confess that we arc unable to point out a solution for the difficulties, but recommend a consideration of them to the members of the General Assembly.?Union-Herald. ? They have a coroner in Vincennes, Ind., but doctors are scarce, and the local paper de? clares that if a lew pill-jammers don't settle down there pretty soon, the coroner's office will be abolished as a useless and expensive institu I tion. ? General Sheridan was born on the ship that brought his parents over from Ireland in 1831. From that very moment he look a prej? udice against water, which he has never been able to overcome. ? An old clergyman, spying a boy creeping through a fence, exclaimed : "What! crawling through a fence? Pigs do that." "Yes," re? plied the boy, "and" old hogs go along the streets," Responsibilities of an Editor. Very few of those who, from week to week or day to day, read the newspapers have any idea of the labor and responsibility attached to the position of an editor. They take up a newspa {>er and expect to find in it such mental pabu um as suits themselves, without reflecting, for a moment, that there are other taste? in the world besides their own to be consulted. Some men take up the idea that for the amount of their subscription they acquire the right to criticise, and even condemn the paper they have favored with their august patronage. Such men would have the editor, before he inserts aar article carry his proofs around, and ask each individual if It is his or her pleasure to have it appear. And not even content with this, they would have the editor publish only such things as interest themselves, and would leave the rest of his readers to languish under the Infliction of something that perhaps poa sesses as much interest to :hem as would a learned essay on the unity of rates possess for a Hottentot. One man would have his paper filled with leaders on the political statue of the country; another would have his devoted entirely'to agri? culture ; and still another would like his .M'ed with local news or literary matter, or with choice excerpts from the spice boxes of all of the journals of the land. On the weak stomachs of some, anything that smacks of sensation can? not be tolerated ,* his sensitive nerves cannot bear the rude shock that would follow the re? hearsal of such a thing as the Beecher-Tilton affair, while wich another a paper fiilled with such stuff would be the very essence of perfec? tion. To publish something suited to the masses, whom it is his duty, and we might say priv? ilege, to interest and instruct, is the mission of the editor. To reconcile all of these seemingly irreconcilable elements, to have matter in his paper suited to the tastes of all, and yet offen I sive to none, requires the nicest preception pos? sible. And yet all this, and much more, is required of an editor?and when he fails to accomplish the greatest of all impossibilities?please every one?some ignorant or captious reade^thrusts his proboscis into the editor's sanctum, and, with the greatest nonchalance imaginable, re? quests him to stop his paper. It has too much nonsense in it, orit is too personal, or it may be that some puissant specimen of the class de? nominated by Charles Reade pruient prudes, cannot permit the paper to enter his household ?it is too vulgar. The editor must stand all this, and his man? ner must not betray, for a moment, his inward thought that the person who thus makes known his grievances has transcended the privileges given to him. He must suit all, offend none, bear with the ill-will of the ignorant, submit to the criticism of the hypercritical, and maintain through all an angelic sweetness which would fit him for a habitation with the "just made perfect." Who will say, then, that his position is not an arduous one, and who will not look on what they may even consider failings with some leniency.?Oglethorpe Echo. The Tick8burg Troubles. The minority report of the Mississippi Inves? tigating Committee contains the most striking revelations yet made of the corrupt and de1 as tating rule of the Radical party. The conclu? sions reached by the minority expose the utter ruin of business interests and the oppressive nature of military rule at Vicksburg, where their investigations were chiefly confined. We will give a few facts, which are culled from this straightforward review of the testimony, to show the magnitude of the evils under which the whites suffered, until forbearance ceased to be a virtue, and they were compelled to. take up arms in defence of their homes and fami? lies: . The white citizens of Vicksburg pay ninejty nine per cent, of the taxes, and tne negroes chiefly assess, collect and disburse the enor? mous levies. In 1869, the debt of the city was $13,000; under reckless and improvident officials, it has grown to $1,400,000, so far as can be ascertained, and is a grievous burden upon a population of eleven thousand people, not one-half of whom are whites. An infamous ring of negro officials, by forge? ries, peculation and systematic frauds on the revenues, have injured the public credit, impov? erished the people and augmented taxation to an extent of practical confiscation. The conflict of Dec. 7th, resulting in the kil? ling of two whites and twenty-four blacks, was solely caused by an attempted invasion of Vicksburg by armed negroes, who were advised, encouraged and promised aid by Governor Ames. The city wm defended under the May? or's direction, and the eitizens were justified by nature's highest law, self-preservation, acting in defence of their families and homes. A Federal General testified "it was a mercy to the women and children, white and black, that the negroes were prevented from entering the city." The condition of Mississippi is trulv deplor? able, says the minority: "With a Governor who has declared that if not in office he would not reside in the State if given the whole of it; with corruption prevailing to an alarming ex? tent in counties where negroes and carpet-bag? gers have the control; with property deprecia? ting and taxes increasing, utter ruin can be ar? rested only by restoring to the people honest government and the control of their own affairs without interference from the Federal army." i A Child Lost and Found.?One of the most exciting events of the past week was the loss and recovery of the infant son of Mr. A. F. Calvert, who lives in the neighborhood of the Buzzard Roost, in Abbeville county. At five o'clock on Monday evening, the 1st inst., the little fellow, named Jesse Leonard and aged two ! years, left home, as it afterwards appeared, in pursuit of an older brother who had gone to a neighbor's, and missiug the road become lost in the woods. He was soon missed, and tho neighbors for miles around joined in pursuit. Night came on and the rain fell in torrents, but ! the search was kept up unremittingly in tho darkness until the day dawned, and yet without success. About six o'clock the next morning one of the party heard a cry in answer to his call, and following up the sound found the lit? tle fellow sitting on a rail in the woods, about one and a half miles from home, drenched to the skin, and with a few scratches, but other? wise sound in body and limb. As may be im? agined there was great rejoicing over the re? covery of the little wanderer, and the enthusi? asm of success was proportioned to the intense anxiety which characterized the search. Be? tween seventy-five and one hundred persons had joined the searching party, and foremost among these were both mother and father. We extend our sincere congratulations to the fortu? nate parents. Mr. Calvert is one of our best citizens, and deserves success in whatever he undertakes.?Press and Banner.