The Anderson intelligencer. (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, March 18, 1875, Image 1
HOTT & CO., Proprietors.
ANDERSON C. EL, S. 0., THURSDAY MORNING, MARCH 18, 1875.
VOLUME X.?NO. 35.
Correspondence Charleston News and Courier.
GOT. CHAMBJJBLAES INTERVIEWED.
His Entire Confidence in the Innocence and
Integrity of the State Treasurer. j
Columbia, S. C, March 10,1875.
In obedience to instructions received from
you by telegraph, I waited on Governor Cham?
berlain to-day, when the following conversation
took place on the subject of the charges against
State Treasurer Cardozo:
the estebvusw.
Reporter?There is a great public interest
? Felt, governor, to know your views of the case
of Mr. Card?zo, and I have called to enquire if'
you are willing to make them known through
the News and Onerier.
Governor?Yes sir; I see no good reason why
I 'should not answer your inquiries fully. The
matter is one that interests me beyond anything
?else which has occurred during my administra?
tion, and I have not failed to read every word
that has appeared in the various documents
connected with it. Of course every fair-minded
man holds himself open to the consideration of
any new facts or evidence which may be added
to the case, or any new arguments based on the
facts already developed. Premising this, I do
not hesitate to say that I have entire confidence
in Mr. Cardozo. Men, many men, friends of
mine, have come to me, and said: "Don't mix
yourself up in this fight; it is no affair of yours,
and you ought to keep clear of it." Now what
sort of advice is this ? What do such men take J
me for? Do they think I am going to sit by j
and see Injustice done to a State officer without
opening my mouth ? It would be damnable
cowardice. If I knew to-day there was not an- j
other man in Ihe world who would speak for!
Mr. Cardozo, I would all the more stand by him. j
I haven't come into this office expecting a bed j
of roses. I am not half so anxious to make
friends or avoid -enemies as I am to do right; j
and, until evidence, facts, compels me to lose
faith in Mr. Cardozo, he shall have my confi-1
denceand my personal and moral support in
every form. Well, sir, I have examined all the
evidence yet adduced, and I find nothing to
shake my faith in Mr. Cardozr/s honesty.
Reporter?Let me ask you at this point, gov?
ernor, what has been heretofore your estimate
of Mr. Cardozo?
Governor-*-! have known Mr. Cardozo inti-1
mately since last summer. He was an early
supporter of mine for my present position. I
think I have known-his aims and plans, and I
say without qualification that I have never
heard one word or seen one act of Mr. Cardozo's
which did not confirm my confidence in his
personal integrity and his political honor and
zeal for the honest administration of the State
government. On every occasion, and under all
circumstances, he has been against fraud and
jobbery, and in favoir of good measures and good
men. The public do not know the pressure
which has been brought to bear upon me in I
this office to make me yield my views of public I
duty. If I had known it myself beforehand, I
would never have dared to take the office. But
in the midst of it all, when I could count all I
(he Republicans who seemed to sympathize with
me on the fingers of one hand, there was one j
man who never faltered, who never failed to
come unasked and stand at my side, and that
man was Francis L. Cardozo. I tell you, sir, I
should despise myself if I did not stand by such I
a man till the last gun was fired, unless I was
driven to believe him a hypocrite and scoun?
drel.
Now, air, I saw this storm gathering long ago. |
I knew that any man who did his duty as a
Treasurer, who lent himself to no jobbery, and
had no private ends to serve, would make him
self the most unpopular man in South Carolina. J
Cardozo knew it too. I confess I did not ex- j
pect to see the element which views the public j
service as a mere chance to make money able
to make headway as they are now apparently
making against Mr. Cardozo. I did hope for j
better things, but I also expected to find a howl j
and outcry against any man who did his duty
by the Treasury. I do not wish to be under?
stood as implying that all who are opposed to
Mr. Cardozo are consciously striking down a
faithful public officer; but every man here in
Columbia knows that the real force which
urges on this attack upon Mr. Cardoso is not a
desire to guard the Treasury. I speak now
what every man confesses to me when I ask him
the question.
Reporter?Bati Governor, what do you say
of the attitude of the Conservatives towards
Mr. Cardozo ?
Governor--Well, sir, I think they intend to
do justice to Mr. Cardozo in the end; and so I
think of very many republicans. I do not
wonder at their voting for raising a committee
to prepare an address. That is probably now
the only way to bring the whole case to a point j
where justice can .be done. I am bound to say
that the conservatives have acted with great
political generosity and patriotism towards me
and my administration. I believe they will do
?what they think just by Mr: Cardozo, and their
votes in this matter so far indicates no more,
in my judgment, than to have the case fully
tried. I cannot believe the vote on appointing
the committee' represents their probable vote
on the address of removal, unless new facts are
developed.
Reporter?Will you be kind enough to give
me your views of the case, as presented up to
this time, against Mr. Cardozo?
Governor?Yes, sir, that is what I desire to
do. The charges against Mr. Cardozo em?
brace two general points: First, the funding of
certain bonds at one time hypothecated in New
York, and the coupons attached to such bonds,
and, second, the diversion of the interest fund.
Now, with regard to the bonds and coupons
alleged to have been wrongfully funded, the
act to reduce the volume of the public debt
makes no exception of any of these bonds or
coupons. All are exchangeable under that
act. If these bonds and coupons were out?
standing at the time of the passage of that
act, then they were, by the terms of the act,
exchangeable. In funding them Mr. Cardozo
simply followed the terns of the act. If, how?
ever, any of these bonds or coupons were un?
lawfully outstanding, and knowledge of this
were brought home to Mr. Cardozo, he might
well have refused to fund them, as he did do
in the case of some coupons. I do not think
that'Mr. Cardozo would have been guilty of
any offense if he had funded any ana all cou?
pons which were made fnndable by the terms
of the act.' A strict and literal compliance
with the law would have been all that could
have been strictly required of him. If he was
in collusion with any parties presenting bonds
or coupons illegally or fraudulently outstand?
ing, .then he is guilty. But I do not see any
such evidence, nor any evidence pointing that
way.
The attempt to hold Mr. Cardozo responsible
for funding the bonds and coupons reported
by the Dunn committee last summer as nypo
thecated without lawful authority is unjust to
the last degree. All the information now in
the possession of the public respecting these
bonos was presented to the treasurer and attor?
ney-general last summer, and the attorney-gen?
eral states in his last annual report that he did
not? consider it important enough to cause him
I to advise that those bonds should not be funded.
On the contrary, he expressly defends the
funding of all those bonds. Why, then, is it
now attempted to punish Mr. Cardozo for do
ing what the law directed, and what the attor- I
ney-general advised? This particular matter
was likewise laid before me last summer, and I
advised that there was no reason why these
bonds should not be funded. And I say the
same thing now.
Bring home to Mr. Cardozo any knowledge
of any fraud, connect him in any way with
' any intention to do wrong to the State, convict
him of a willful neglect of any duty or an
unwarrantable refusal to act upon any evidence
of illegality in bonds or coupons presented to
him, and you have a case against him. But I
see nothing, nothing whatever, which gives
color to any charge of fraud or evil intent on
his part
As to the diversion of the interest fund,
I still see less ground for the removal of Mr.
Cardozo. Look at the general features of this
charge. The State hasn't lost a dollar. That
the law is susceptible of the construction given
to it by Mr. Cardozo is apparent, both from an
examination of the act and from Mr. Melton's
letter to Mr. Cardozo. That Mr. Cardozo
acted also from good motives is likewise evi?
dent. Where, then, is the ground for any
charge involving moral turpitude, or rendering
him worthy of removal ?
I personally-know Mr. Cardozo'a statements
as to the reasons of his reducing the balance j
in the bank early in January to be the reasons
which he then disclosed to me. His motive
then met my approval, and I still approve it, I
though he acted at his own risk. That is, if he
had failed to replace the funds, he would have
been liable on his bond and to the penalty
prescribed in the act. If the general assembly,
however, desire a strict and literal construction
of that law, it can be secured without visiting
any punishment upon an officer who erred, if
he erred at all, because he sought to favor the
general assembly and to save the State funds
from loss.
The position of the Newt and Courier on this
question is a perfectly fair and just one. If
Mr. Cardozo has falsified the records, or know-1
ingly done any fraudulent act, or any willfnl
act resulting in injury to the State, then let
him be duly punished. If not, let good men
baffle those who have entered into a conspiracy
to knock down one of the strongest pillars of
the present reform administration. At any
rate, whether I stand alone or with many, that
will be my course to the end. Consequences
can take care of themselves.
Reporter?Governor, if it is a fair question,
how far is the Union-Herald your organ?
Governor?Well, sir whether a fair question
or not, I will answer it. The Union-Herald is
owned in part by me, but is not my organ. I
want no organ of any kind. I don't want an
organ to tell me every day that I am the mas?
ter-mind of the world, or to sneeze because I
take snuff. Such support as that disgusts any
true man. The Union-Herald is in charge of I
J. G. Thompson, an original, uncompromising,
fearless and able republican. He edits that
paper as independently as the editors of the j
Newt and Courier do your paper. Ask him J
and he will tell you I never dictated a word or
line for that paper. But I want a free, un
trammeled newspaper here to support me when
I am right and to oppose me whenever its ed?
itor thinks I am wrong. That is just what the
Union-Herald is doing.
At this point the interview terminated, as I
had nothing more to ask, and the governor
seemed to have nothing more that he cared to
say. Vidette.
Why So Few Gardens ?
It is astonishing that, with the facilities by j
which every man in our country is surrounded j
to supply himself and his family with the sub?
stantial advantages and refining influences of a
garden, so few avail themselves of them.
It is a great error to suppose that it is neces?
sary to be wealthy to have a good garden and
attractive flower yard. Every man who chooses
can have land enough to have both. Even in
the most deusely populated portions of the
northern cities we have seen lovely collections
of plants and flowers, with many varieties of
fruits. In European cities, where the poorer
classes live in crowded tenements, we have seen
the fairest and choicest flowers blooming in
window gardens, cultivated by hands that
earned but a few cents per day to provide for
the wants of a large family. In the country,
especially one like ours, with the finest climate
and the richest soil in the world, it is a re
Sroach to our civilization that our flower gar
ens are so ill supplied and poorly cultivated ;
in our eagerness to obtain wealth we imagine
that it is necessary to devote all our time to its
pursuit, and that every moment of time and
every rod of ground that is not devoted to ma?
king money is wasted. "We have no time to
fool with garden truck or with flowers," says
the farmer who lives in a tumbledown log house
with worm fences, dilapidated stables and sheds,
eat hog and hominy, makes his fifty, a hundred
or two hundred bales of cotton. Every hour in
the day, week after week, year after year, must
be devoted to raise more cotton. Not a mo?
ment can be spared to enjoy the beauty and glo?
ry which nature so lavishly yields for the asking.
The vegetable gardens, so called, which are to
be found on nineteen out of twenty plantations
are monuments of thriftlessness, ugliness and
poverty. A few straggling- collards, a row or
two of nnstaked peas, a few snaps, with a dim?
inutive patch of Irish potatoes struggling for
bare life with weeds and grass, constitute the
vegetables.
We venture to say that in not one of the cot?
ton States can there be found a dozen planta?
tion gardens where asparagus, beets, carrots,
parsnips, peas, beans, celery, tomatoes, salsify,
egg plant, okra, lettuce, onions, cabbage and
cucumbers can be found in their proper succes?
sion, and yet there is not a single plantation
where all these vegetables could not be raised in
abundance on less than an acre of land for an
outlay of a few dollars, yielding more of domes?
tic comfort than any other ten acres on the
place. And as for flowers, where do we find
them except those which nature gives in spite
of man ? Is this so because we are destitute of
an appreciation of comfort and all taste for the
beautiful ? Is it because the sweet sunshine of
heaven and the beauty and glory of the world
have no charms for us except as they are con?
nected with the yield of our cotton patch?
For a small partof what we spend for cigars,
whiskey and the circus, the poorest of us can
surround himself with a valuable vegetable and
fruit garden and invest his dwelling, be it ever
so humble, with the flowers of rich foliage and
the bloom and fragrance of flowers. "Nature
lets the tree grow," as Willis said, "and the
flower expand: for man, without reference to
his account at the bank."?Southern Farmer.
? "When the cold wind blows take care of
your nose thai it doesn't froze, and wrap up vour
toes in warm woolen hose." The above, we
suppose, was written in prose by some one who
knows tho effects of cold blows.
? When a poor young lady hems handker?
chiefs for a rich bachelor, it may be suspected
that she is sewing that she may reap.
CHARGES AGAINST THE TREASURES.
The Report of the Joint Committee on an
Address for Removal.
Columbia, March 11, 1875.
At the evening session of the Senate, Mr.
Swails submitted the following report:
The special joint committee appointed to
draw ana present to the two houses an address
to his Excellency the Governor tor the removal
of F. L. Cardozo, State Treasurer, beg leave to
report that they have performed the duty as?
signed them, and respectfully ask leave to pre?
sent the accompanying charges and specifica?
tions for the consideration of the two Houses.
The committee recommend that, in accordance
with section 4, article 7, of the constitution, a
copy of the charges be served upon the said
i F. IL. Cardozo, and that he be required to ap
| pear before the two houses, met in joint assem
| bly, at 12 o'clock m., on Tudesday, the 16th
j rast., then and there to make answer to the
j same. The committee further report that they
j have now in course of preparation certain rules
of procedure in relation to the case, which will
be reported to the two Houses as soon.-as prac?
ticable. All of which is respectfully submit?
ted.
S. A. Swails,
Chairman on part of Senate.
J. A. Barker,
Chairman on part of House.
To his Excellency Daniel H. Chamberlain,
Governor of the State of South Carolina:
The General Assembly, convened in the
Senate and House of Representatives, by a
vote of two-thirds of each House, and in the
execution of the authority vested in them, un?
der section 4 of article 7 of the constitution of
the State, respectfully address your Excellency,
and ask that the Hon. F. L. Cardozo be re?
moved from the office of State Treasurer. The
causes for which they ask the removal of the
said F. L. Cardozo from the office of State
^Treasurer are contained in the following
'charges, to wit:
Charge L They charge that the said F. L.
Cardozo has been guilty of misconduct and
irregularity in the administration of his office
as State Treasurer:
Specification 1. In this, that whereas for the
express purpose of providing, as far as possible,
against the issuing of any bonds under "An
Act to reduce the volume of the public debt,
and provide for the payment of the same," ap?
proved December 22,' 1873, and commonly
known as the funding act, in exchange for and
in lieu of bonds in the possession of persons
who were not the actual owners thereof, the
General Assembly, by a concurrent resolution,
passed March 17,1874, appointed a joint com
mitee to ascertain what bonds of the State
were pledged by the financial agent of the
> State as collateral security for State loans, and
! to report their numbers, the colors of their
numbers, and their denominations, as well as
the amounts for which they were pledged, to
the State Treasurer as soon as ascertained ; and
report their numbers, the colors of their num?
bers, and their denominations, as well as the
amount for which they were pledged, to the
State Treasurer, yet, notwithstanding the said
report, the State Treasurer did, at various
times between the 25th of June, 1874, and the
15th of February, 1875, under color of the
said act, fund and permit to be funded at the
State Treasury, at Columbia, ?978,500 of bonds
of the State, well knowing that the said bonds
were the bonds so reported to be the possession
of persons not the actual owners thereof, in
excess of the amount authorized by law to be
issued, and, therefore, were not a legal obliga?
tion of the State, and were not entitled to be
funded under the provisions of the said act.
Specification 2. In this, that the said F. L.
Cardozo, State Treasurer, did, at various times
between the 25th of Juue, 1874, and 15th of
February, 1875, under color of the said act,
fund and permit to be funded at the State Treas?
ury, at Columbia, $241,011 of coupons which
were detached from the bonds of the State, and
which matured on or before the 1st of July,
1872, when the said State Treasurer had the
means of knowing, and should well have
known, that the whole interest due upon the
bonds of the State up to that 'ate had been
paid, and that the said coupons so outstanding
were in fraud of the just credit of the State,
and, therefore, were not entitled to be funded
under the provisions of the said act.
Specification 3. In this, that the said F. L.
Cardozo, State Treasurer, did, at various times
between the 25th of June, 1874, and 15th of
February, 1875, under color of said act, fund
and permit to be funded at the State Treasury,
at Columbia, $196,485 of coupons which ma?
tured between the 1st of April, 1869, and 1st
of October, 1871, inclusive, and which were
detached from bonds of the State before and
during the period of the hypothecation of said
bonds; and when, therefore, the said State
Treasurer had the means of knowing, and
should well have known, that the said coupons
were the property of the State, and not an in?
debtedness against the State, and. therefore,
were not entitled to be funded under the pro?
visions of the said act.
Specification 4. In this, that the said F. L.
Cardozo, State Treasurer, did, at various times
between the 25th of June, 1874, and the 15th
of February, 1875, under color of the said act,
fund and permit to be funded at the State
Treasury, at Columbia, $6,960 of coupons
which were detached from bonds of the State,
and which matured before the bonds them?
selves were issued from the State Treasury, and
which the said State Treasurer had the means
of knowing, and should well have known, were
not a liability against the State, and, therefore,
were not entitled to be funded under the pro?
visions of the said act.
Specification 5. In this, that the said F. L.
Cardozo, State Treasurer, did, at various times
between the 25th of June, 1874, and the 15th
of February, 1875, under color of the said act,
fund and permit to be funded at the State
Treasury, at Columbia, $9,205 of coupons
which were detached from bonds of the State,
and which matured between the 1st of Janua?
ry, 1870, and the 1st of July, 1871, inclusive;
the bonds from which the said coupons were de?
tached having always been the property of the
State, and still being in the possession of the
State Treasury, marked "canceled, unused,"
and the said coupons, therefore, not being en?
titled to be funded under the provisions of the
said act; all of which the State Treasurer had
the means of knowing, aud should well have
known.
Specification 6. In this, that whereas, by sec?
tion 7 of the said "act to reduce the volume of
the public debt, and provide for the payment
of the same," commonly kuown as the funding
act, it is provided that the fuud of the State
thereby solemnly pledged for the punctual
payment of the interest and final redemption
of the principal of the bonds^and stocks then
authorized, "shall be kept separate and apart
from all other funds, and shall bo applied, first,
to the payment of the annually accruing inter?
est" upon such bonds and stocks ; and, second,
"to the extinguishment of the public debt, and
to no other purpose;" yet the said F. L. Car?
dozo, Slate Treasurer, has kept such fund sepa?
rate and apart from all other funds only nomi
nally on his books, and has deposited such fund
and drawn upon it, in common with all other
funds to his credit, for other purposes than the
payment of the said interest or extinguishment
of said public debt, therebv defeating the in?
tention of said act, and endangering the secu?
rity guarauteed to the public creditors and the
faith and credit of the State.
Charge 2. They charge that said F. L. Car?
dozo, State Treasurer, has been guilty of will?
ful neglect of duty.
Specification 1. In this, that whereas it is
Srovided by section 33, chapter 17, of Revised
tatutes, "that the Treasurer shall, at the end
of every month, report to the Comptroller
General an accurate statement of the cash
transactions of the Treasury of every descrip?
tion f yet said F. L. Cardozo, State Treasurer,
has, since the 31st of October, 1874, wholly
omitted to report to the Comptroller General
any statement of cash transactions of the
Treasury. j
On motion of Mr. Swails, the recommenda
tioa of the committee was agreed to, and a
message sent to the House of Representatives,
requesting its concurrence. It was also order?
ed that the report and address be printed, and
copies served upon F. L. Cardozo, State Treas?
urer. ;
A message was received from the Senate that
it had agreed to the recommendation of the
special joint committee appointed to prepare
and present to the two houses an address to
the Governor for the removal of F. L. Cardozo,
State Treasurer, that a copy of the charges be
I served upon said F. L. Cardozo, and he ne re?
quired to appear before the two houses, met in
joint assembly, at 12 m. Tuesday, 16th instant,
then and there to make answer to the same,
and requests the concurrence of the House.
Agreed to.
A Loss of Millions by the Cotton Planters. ?
Last autumn we directed attention, as we
j had done the year before, to the financial inju:
ry done to our cotton growers by the specula?
tions going on at the time in the great staple
product of the Southern States. We were ac?
cused of being a "bull," to use the vulgar jar?
gon of the speculators, because we expressed
the opinion that the cotton crop of 1874-75
would be less than four millions of bales, and
it was said, moreover, that our opinion had no
foundation.
Since then our judgment, which was made
up from a comparison of all the facts and re?
ports then in our possession, has been tested
by time, and, leaving out of the account the
welfare of the Southern people, we are very
well satisfied with the result. The highest es?
timates at the present time place the crop at
three and three-fourths millions of bales, and
from all the information we can gather it will
j not surprise us if the total amount shall be
even less.
I Unfortunately for the agricultural interests
I of the Southern States, the verification of our
j estimate involves a direct loss to the cotton
planters of a great deal of money. They have
already sold nearly three millions of bales of
cotton to the English manufacturers at the rate
of seven and one-half pence a pound, or one
penny?that is, two cents?a pound less than
it ought to have fetched. We have maintained
that, whenever the crop falls below four mil
, lions of bales, cotton ought to be sold for nine
1 pence a pound, and according to the prospects
now this will be the rate for the remainder of
the present crop. But a fair price for what is
left will make but poor amends for the loss on
what has been sold, and in no sense will relieve
from responsibility the speculators, who, by
reason of the unusually favorable weather of
October, November and December, and the
consequently large receipts of cotton at the
shipping ports during those months, were able
to depress the price. The loss thus inflicted
upon the cotton planters of the country on an
estimate of two cents a pound, amounts to nine
dollars a bale on every bale sold, or in all to
?27,000,000, and reaches the proportions of a
national calamity.
The history of the cotton trade for the last
six months ought to teach all persons interest?
ed in it one thing, namely: that excessive sup?
plies of the marketable article early in the sea?
son furnished no just ground for believing that
the total crop will be large. Calculations to
be trustworthy must be made on the area plant?
ed, the care taken of the growing crop, tne in?
fluence of the weather, and other similar causes
of a large or small crop. The mistake made
in this respect in the present instances may be
fully illustrated by abrief comparison.
Among the last six cotton years, those of
1870-71 and 1873-74 are considered as the large
cotton crop years. In the first of these years
the country produced 4,352,000 bales, and in
the second 4,171,000 bales. We will now com?
pare the receipts at the shipping ports during
the first four months?from the beginning of
September to the end of December inclusiver?
of each of these fruitful years, with the re?
ceipts during the same period of the present
cotton year: ,
1870-71. 1878-74. 1874-75.
1,499,000 bales 1,738,000 bales 1,987,000 bales
It thus appears that there were received for
shipment during the first four months of the
present cotton year 488,000 bales more than in
1870-71, which is known as the great cotton
year. But now turn to the receipts for the
months of January and February of the same
years, and observe the change:
1870-71. 1873-74. 1874-85
1,290,000 bales 1,301,000 bales 930,000 bales
This shows a falling off in two months of the
present cotton year of 360,000 bales as com?
pared with the same months in 1870-71, and of
370,000 bales as compared with last year. In
other words, the homely saying that four gal?
lons of liquor can be poured as quickly out of
a five-gallon keg as out of a sixty-gallon
cask, has received a new illustration. The
point of the proverb becomes apparent when
one begins to wait for the fifth gallon. Our
English customers are now becoming aware
that the cotton crop of this country for the
present year is approaching exhaustion. The
advance in price which will undoubtedly fol?
low the discovery of this melancholy fact will
go into their pockets and the pockets of the
speculators, ana not into the depleted purses of
the cotton planters of this country, where it
justly belongs.?JV. Y. Evening Post, March 6.
? A cat caught a sparrow, and was about to
devour it, but the sparrow said, "No gentleman
eats till he washes his face." The cat, struck
with this remark, set the sparrow down, and
began to wash his face with his paw, but the
sparrow flew away. This vexed puss extreme?
ly, and he said, "As long as I live I will eat
first and wash my face afterward," which all
cats do even to this day.*
? Very stern parent indeed: "Come here,
sir! What is this complaint the schoolmaster
has made against you ?" Much injured youth :
"It's just nothing at all. You see Jimmy
Hughes bent a pin, and I only just left it on
the teacher's chair for him to look at, and now
ho wants to blame me for it."
? A Tennessee man wrote his will on a pa?
per collar, and it passed through the Probate I
Court as well as any other will, though a little
unhandy about filing.
Leaviug Both Ends Open.
The following, from an old number of Har?
per's Magazine, will repay perusal:
The Rev. Dr. W. F. B., of Virginia, (whose
name, by the way, is a household word in his
native State,) was one of the successful com?
pounds of the wag and the saint. In his early
life he lived and labored in the State of Ken?
tucky, where the following incident occurred :
It may be necessary to premise that the
country churches in the South and West, at
that time, were more or less weak, not very en?
terprising, and, withal, a little stingy. Hence,
they managed to keep up more the name of
public worship than the reality by generally
employing one minister among four churches
and meeting once a month.
Dr. B. had received and accepted a unani?
mous call to one of these societies ; but, as
usual, nothing had been said about his salary,
ior the time of his monthly visit; and to ar?
range these matters he attended the next busi?
ness meeting of the body.
When the meeting had been organized, a
prominent member of the church arose, and,
after congratulating the brethren upon baring
secured the'valuable services of Dr. B., pro*
ceeded to say that as his pay would necessarily
be small, it ought at least to be paid regularly,
and that the church should now pledge to him
some definite amount. He acknowledged that
it was an innovation, but gave several reasons
why it should be done and took his seat.
Another brother then took the floor, who,
after surpassing the other in his compliments
to Dr. B., recurred to the subject of salary.
For his part, he said, he could not see the pro?
priety, nor the necessity, of paying the broth?
er's salary in this methodical way. He thought
it much better to leave the whole matter open-,
perfectly open. He thought it would answer
to pay the money whenever it should happen
to be in the treasury; that it was unnecessary
to say now when the payments would be made,
or to pay the same amount every time. Some
months the brother would be paid more, sorno
less, some none at all, perhaps; but he thought
this way had a less sordid and worldly appear?
ance, and he did not doubt that, in the long
run, the pastor would receive more by this
means thaneany other.
This talk struck the brethren present so fa?
vorably that, after a little vaccillation, they
adopted the views of the speaker unanimously.
The next business in order was the choice of a
Sabbath on which to have preaching; and this
they agreed to submit entirely to the conven?
ience of the pastor. Dr. B., who had been an
attentive listener during the whole debate con
I cerning his salary, now arose to state on what
j Sabbath in the month he would preach for
them. I
I After expressing great love for his charge 1
and an ardeut desire to be useful to them, he
remarked that as to the day on which he should
preach for them he deemed it unnecessary to
speak very definitely. Some months he would
come on the first Sabbath, some on the second,
some on a week day, and some not at all. There
was no use in having cast iron rules about a
thing of that kind; that it was inconvenient
and had too much of a sordid, worldly appear?
ance to act in a regular, methodical manner,
and that ho did not doubt, in the long run,
that they would get a greater amount of ser?
vice in that way than any other. They had
proposed to leave the matter open as to his
salary, to which he had no objection ; and for
his part he thought it best to leave the matter
open at both ends?entirely open. Hav?
ing thus arranged and horrified his audi?
tors, he quietly resumed his seat.
This speech wounded the feelings of the
brethren dreadfully. They sat for some time
overcome with pique and mortification. But a
little reflection soon enabled them to see that
the Doctor had caught them in their own trap,
and at last they acknowledged the corn and
agreed to pay the Doctor one hundred dollars
per annum, and he agreed to preach on the
second Sabbath in each month, and good feel?
ing was restored. 'j
Convict Labor.
If the State penitentiary continues to add to
its numbers during the next six months at the
rate at which it has increased during the past
three, its population will be something over <
three hundred. The appropriation is based J
upon an average of only two hundred, and it is
almost certain that the institution will have
either to go in debt again, or there must be
found some means by which the labor of the
convicts can be made profitable, or at least con?
tribute to the support of the'institution.
One object of modern punishment is to iso?
late the convict from society, but this has been
gradually tending toward a recompense instead
of a punishment. He is kept at a hotel, fed,
clothed, cared for in sickness, and buried when
dead, at the expense of the public.
The difficulties in the way of the profitable
employment of prisoners in this State are many.
Of the whole number now within the walls
there are not five educated mechanics ; ninety
five in a hundred are field hands, with no
knowledge of an implement other than a hoe;
the building itself is unfinished?it is a fry?
ing pan in summer and an ice house in winter;
it is unsupplied with tools enough to stock an
ordinary carpenter shop; there are no facilities
for any kind of skilled labor even if it were
there, aud there are no means by which a man
can be taught a trade even if he were capable
of learning one.
In the prisons, Buch as those of Ohio, Massa?
chusetts, Maine and Pennsylvania, that have
been compared with it, to its manifest disad?
vantage as to pecuniary results, the conditions
as to mechanical appliances and skilled labor
are just reversed. There are to be found men
who can make anything, from a nail to an
Armstrong gun. Those States have spent each
a million of dollars in buildings and machine?
ry. A man can learn thoroughly half a dozen
trades. The labor of convicts can thus easily
be made profitable. In Tennesseo there are
coal and other mines in which even the un?
skilled labor is made profitable, the men being
let out at so much a day, including food and
guards, the State only furnishing clothing.
In our case all these facilities are absent, av d
there is, besides, a law which forbids the em?
ployment of convicts outside of the prison walls
in competition to free labor.
We confess that we arc unable to point out a
solution for the difficulties, but recommend a
consideration of them to the members of the
General Assembly.?Union-Herald.
? They have a coroner in Vincennes, Ind.,
but doctors are scarce, and the local paper de?
clares that if a lew pill-jammers don't settle
down there pretty soon, the coroner's office will
be abolished as a useless and expensive institu
I tion.
? General Sheridan was born on the ship
that brought his parents over from Ireland in
1831. From that very moment he look a prej?
udice against water, which he has never been
able to overcome.
? An old clergyman, spying a boy creeping
through a fence, exclaimed : "What! crawling
through a fence? Pigs do that." "Yes," re?
plied the boy, "and" old hogs go along the
streets,"
Responsibilities of an Editor.
Very few of those who, from week to week or
day to day, read the newspapers have any idea
of the labor and responsibility attached to the
position of an editor. They take up a newspa
{>er and expect to find in it such mental pabu
um as suits themselves, without reflecting, for
a moment, that there are other taste? in the
world besides their own to be consulted. Some
men take up the idea that for the amount of their
subscription they acquire the right to criticise,
and even condemn the paper they have favored
with their august patronage. Such men would
have the editor, before he inserts aar
article carry his proofs around, and ask
each individual if It is his or her pleasure
to have it appear. And not even content with
this, they would have the editor publish only
such things as interest themselves, and would
leave the rest of his readers to languish under
the Infliction of something that perhaps poa
sesses as much interest to :hem as would a
learned essay on the unity of rates possess for
a Hottentot.
One man would have his paper filled with
leaders on the political statue of the country;
another would have his devoted entirely'to agri?
culture ; and still another would like his .M'ed
with local news or literary matter, or with
choice excerpts from the spice boxes of all of the
journals of the land. On the weak stomachs of
some, anything that smacks of sensation can?
not be tolerated ,* his sensitive nerves cannot
bear the rude shock that would follow the re?
hearsal of such a thing as the Beecher-Tilton
affair, while wich another a paper fiilled with
such stuff would be the very essence of perfec?
tion.
To publish something suited to the masses,
whom it is his duty, and we might say priv?
ilege, to interest and instruct, is the mission of
the editor. To reconcile all of these seemingly
irreconcilable elements, to have matter in his
paper suited to the tastes of all, and yet offen
I sive to none, requires the nicest preception pos?
sible.
And yet all this, and much more, is required
of an editor?and when he fails to accomplish
the greatest of all impossibilities?please every
one?some ignorant or captious reade^thrusts
his proboscis into the editor's sanctum, and,
with the greatest nonchalance imaginable, re?
quests him to stop his paper. It has too much
nonsense in it, orit is too personal, or it may be
that some puissant specimen of the class de?
nominated by Charles Reade pruient prudes,
cannot permit the paper to enter his household
?it is too vulgar.
The editor must stand all this, and his man?
ner must not betray, for a moment, his inward
thought that the person who thus makes known
his grievances has transcended the privileges
given to him.
He must suit all, offend none, bear with the
ill-will of the ignorant, submit to the criticism
of the hypercritical, and maintain through all
an angelic sweetness which would fit him for a
habitation with the "just made perfect."
Who will say, then, that his position is not
an arduous one, and who will not look on
what they may even consider failings with some
leniency.?Oglethorpe Echo.
The Tick8burg Troubles.
The minority report of the Mississippi Inves?
tigating Committee contains the most striking
revelations yet made of the corrupt and de1 as
tating rule of the Radical party. The conclu?
sions reached by the minority expose the utter
ruin of business interests and the oppressive
nature of military rule at Vicksburg, where
their investigations were chiefly confined. We
will give a few facts, which are culled from this
straightforward review of the testimony, to
show the magnitude of the evils under which
the whites suffered, until forbearance ceased to
be a virtue, and they were compelled to. take
up arms in defence of their homes and fami?
lies:
. The white citizens of Vicksburg pay ninejty
nine per cent, of the taxes, and tne negroes
chiefly assess, collect and disburse the enor?
mous levies.
In 1869, the debt of the city was $13,000;
under reckless and improvident officials, it has
grown to $1,400,000, so far as can be ascertained,
and is a grievous burden upon a population of
eleven thousand people, not one-half of whom
are whites.
An infamous ring of negro officials, by forge?
ries, peculation and systematic frauds on the
revenues, have injured the public credit, impov?
erished the people and augmented taxation to
an extent of practical confiscation.
The conflict of Dec. 7th, resulting in the kil?
ling of two whites and twenty-four blacks, was
solely caused by an attempted invasion of
Vicksburg by armed negroes, who were advised,
encouraged and promised aid by Governor
Ames. The city wm defended under the May?
or's direction, and the eitizens were justified by
nature's highest law, self-preservation, acting
in defence of their families and homes. A
Federal General testified "it was a mercy to the
women and children, white and black, that the
negroes were prevented from entering the
city."
The condition of Mississippi is trulv deplor?
able, says the minority: "With a Governor
who has declared that if not in office he would
not reside in the State if given the whole of it;
with corruption prevailing to an alarming ex?
tent in counties where negroes and carpet-bag?
gers have the control; with property deprecia?
ting and taxes increasing, utter ruin can be ar?
rested only by restoring to the people honest
government and the control of their own affairs
without interference from the Federal army."
i A Child Lost and Found.?One of the
most exciting events of the past week was the
loss and recovery of the infant son of Mr. A. F.
Calvert, who lives in the neighborhood of the
Buzzard Roost, in Abbeville county. At five
o'clock on Monday evening, the 1st inst., the
little fellow, named Jesse Leonard and aged two
! years, left home, as it afterwards appeared, in
pursuit of an older brother who had gone to a
neighbor's, and missiug the road become lost
in the woods. He was soon missed, and tho
neighbors for miles around joined in pursuit.
Night came on and the rain fell in torrents, but
! the search was kept up unremittingly in tho
darkness until the day dawned, and yet without
success. About six o'clock the next morning
one of the party heard a cry in answer to his
call, and following up the sound found the lit?
tle fellow sitting on a rail in the woods, about
one and a half miles from home, drenched to
the skin, and with a few scratches, but other?
wise sound in body and limb. As may be im?
agined there was great rejoicing over the re?
covery of the little wanderer, and the enthusi?
asm of success was proportioned to the intense
anxiety which characterized the search. Be?
tween seventy-five and one hundred persons
had joined the searching party, and foremost
among these were both mother and father. We
extend our sincere congratulations to the fortu?
nate parents. Mr. Calvert is one of our best
citizens, and deserves success in whatever he
undertakes.?Press and Banner.