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lewis m. grist, proprietor. | "lb Jniicpcitbcnf Jfamilg ftetospapcr: Jfor tljc ^promotion of % political, Social, ^gricnltura! anb Commercial Interests of % Soutlj. | terms--$2.50 a year, in advance. VOL. 30. YORKYILLE, S C., THURSDAY, AUGUST 1884. NO. 34. P ' ~ " " ~l Ibe Jforg irller. ECCOLO. Saving A Beautiful Girl from Death for His Own Wedding. Dr. iEneas Macbride was strong in comparative anatomy, and di&'jected everything that came in his way. His dissecting room was in the courtyard of the Palazzo Carminali, Rome. But it was up-stairs in his library and alone that "II Scozzese" carried out his choicest manipulations, and made the more delicate of his preparation of human muscles, arteries, veins and nerves, which, when completed, were displayed under glass shades on a large table in the centre of the apartment. It was at this table, havingjust finished the dissection of a very small hand?never mind to what kind of creature the hand, while it was a living hand, belonged?that he was sitting, one evening in July, 1775, when it suddenly occurred to him that he had exhausted his supply of cochineal with which to tinge the melted wax which he proposed to inject on the morrow morning into the venous system of his "preparation." Dr. .Eneas Macbride proceeded to the well-known druggist's shop kept by Signor fanciarotto, at tne corner ui uic y ao. uc | Condotti. It was one of the largest and handsomest shops in Home. He made his purchase, and placed the packet of cochineal in a side pocket. "Stay ," he suddenly exclaimed, pausing on the threshold ; "I had forgot something, j You must make up, if you please, that au-j mirably efficacious sleeping draught with the secret of the formula, of which only you I and I are cognizant, and which has given ease to so many of my patients. Will you prepare it for me at once ! I must take it I with me." "With pleasure, illustrissimoed excellentissimo Dottore," said the apothecary, as he hustled from jar to jar pouring various ingredients into a glass vial. "'Tis a wonderful sleeping draught, to be sure. I have I tried it on my wire, who, poor soul, endures agonies from the toothache, and it never fails in producing slumber. To be sure, had you not told me that the potion was quite harmless, I should have been afraid to use it; for the sleep which it brings about is so deep and so long as to be really like the sleep of death." He soon completed his taskj and Dr. Mac-, bride, placing the vial in his side pocket j with the cochineal, left the farmacio. He ; crossed the Piazgi di Spagna, in the direc- j tion of the College of the Propaganda; when ! ,|ust as he had reached the spot where now ; is the monument his path was crossed by a tall man who was wrapped up in a long , blaek cloak, and who wore his broad flapped j hat slouched over his eyes. "It's all very well for you to slouch your hat over your eyes, my friend," said Dr. Macbride, to himself; "but I know that hat and cloak very well, or I am grievously mistaken. They belong to the nameless man who lodges in one of the garrets at the Palazzo Carminali. 1 once nurseu you j through a fever my friend, and gave you money to get your cloak cut of pawn. I don't think you would do me any harm although folks do say you are a spadecino? a hired assassin." Scarcely had he thus mentally expressed himself, when he heard, In a low voice behind hira, the-eingle w6ra "Eccolo I*? And ' immediately he was seized from behind by strong arms, a heavy cloak was thrown over his head and was lifted from the ground and carried some yards. Then ne was thrust forward on what seemed to be some kind of bench or seat; the arms which had seized him had relaxed their grasp, a door was slammed and he became aware that he i was in a rapidly moving vehicle. Dr. jEneas Macbride had verily been kidnapped by two men, forcibly carried bv them to a coach, one of the doors of which was standing wide, huddled into the vehicle and rapidly driven away. The whole proceeding, indeed, had been watched with the liveliest interest by an individual who was clad in a long brown cloak, and who wore his hat slouched over his eyes, and : who?there is no indiscretion in saying it? i was the nameless man who lived in one of the garrets of the Palazzo Carminali, and \ whose profession was conjectured to be that | of an assassin for hire. As he watched the ! carriage rapidly retreating into the shadows the nameless man was jingling some golden coins in his pocket and chuckling merrily. "Ten ducats," he reflected?"ten ducats only for pointing out the Signor Dottore to them. And they have sworn not do him any harm. Of course, if they had wanted to harm him they would have come to me ; but ' I would not have stabbed the Signor Dottore ; no not for a hundred ducats. Let us go and drink a bottle of Chianti." 'ilTUt ?-*?-? ?v* a! Ann rvtrtyt mno f n c? _ ! >> 1111C m<J iuiujciccj.i man nno muo vuugratulating himself on the successful result of his exceptionally bloodless night's work, unseen hands had releived Dr. .Eneas Macbride of the heavy cloak in which he had been muffled and in which he had been all but suffocated. He sat up to find himself indeed in the interior of what was evidently a carriage belonging to some person of rank. The blinds were closely drawn down, but a small lamp hanging from the roof gave sufficient light for him to see that the opposite seat was occupied by two gen-1 tlemen very richly dressed, but whose coun- i tenances were wholly concealed by masks of black silk, having deep fringes of the J same material. One of the gentlemen has-! tened to inform him that he must submit { to have his eyes bandaged, as the person in I whose presence they were about to conduct I him was a lady of rank, whose name aud place of abode it was imperatively necessary to conceal. As he pulled the bandage out of his pocket and uroceeded very adroitly to adjust it to the aoctor's eyes, his companion-took occasion to remark that lie and . the other gentlemen were fully armed, and should the doctor at this or any other stage of the proceedings, offer the slightest resistance to any request which was proffered to him, he would be immediately stabbed to death. Upon this admonition I)r. .Eneas Macbride determined, like the canny Scot he was, to hold his tongue and see?when ; he was permitted to use his eyesight again? what came of it. It seemed to him that the carriage was continually turning, and was being driven j through a great variety of streets, possibly j with a view to prevent his forming any accurate idea as to the part of the city to which he was being conducted. The coach at length stopped, and the door was opened for him. His two companions took him ? aha nrm ouciutcir? hini fn uliorHf tJltCIl UI1UC1 UUC anil) UWIUIVU nil,, lv/ and conducted him up a narrow stair-case into a room, where, after a moment's pause, the bandage was removed from his eyes. He found himself in a small drawing-room, or boudoir, dimly lighted by wax tapers, and richly furnished, although sheets and pieces and tapestry had been thrown over some of the chairs or placed in front of some of the picture frames, as though for the purpose of preventing a stranger from too closely identifying the contents of the room. There was a flask of wine on the table, and one of the gentlemen tilled a large bumper of Venetian glass and offered it to Dr. Macbride. "I want no wine," he said coolly, "It may be poison for aught I know." The gentleman who had offered him the wine, and who was very tall, and clad in a suit of dark blue padausoy, richly laced with gold, for all reply put the goblet to hislips and tossed off the contents at a draught. Then his companion, who was a shorter and stouter?neither had moved his mask?and who wore a green doublet and coat laced with silver, filled another glass with wine and offered it to the doctor, saying: "You had better drink it. Kemember what I told you in the carriage. We allow no trifling In this house; and, besides, you have need % to nerve yourself for what you have to do!" "I don't like Dutch courage!" replied Dr. Macbride, "and am not used to dram drinking to nerve me for my work. However, as I have not the slightest wish to have ipy throat cut, and you appear to be prepared to cut it"?both gentlemen nodded their heads significantly?"at a moment's notice, if things do not go as you wish them to go, I will drink. And now"?he resumed, after a very moderate potation, "what is it that you desire me to do?" "To perform a surgical operation." "When?" "This instant." "Where?" "You shall see." As the taller of the two masked men made this reply, he took the doctor by the arm and led him forward. The shorter person lifted a heavy velvet curtain veiling an open portal, and the three passed into a vast bedchamber. Here everything in the way of furniture, and even the ceiling and curtains and the counterpane of a huge fourgost bed in the centre of the room, had eeu shrouded in white sheeting. At the foot of the bed there sat, or rather there half reclining in a large chair covered with crimson velvet, a young lady?she could be scarcely more than nineteen?exceedingly beautiful, and with golden hair that rippled over the shoulders. Her hands were tightly clasped, and she was deadly pale. She was clad in a long, loosely flowing undress robe of some white, silky materials, and Dr. Macbride could see that her little feet were bare. "You see this woman?this most guilty and unhappy woman?" said in a harsh voice the taller of the two gentlemen. "She has disgraced the noble family to which which she belongs, and it is necessary that she be deprived of life. Here is the case of lancets, and you will instantly proceed to bleed her to death." "She is prepared to submit to her fate," added the shorter gentleman in green and silver, "and you will make the greatest possible expedition. I need scarcely say that you will be amply recompensed for your pains." "I will do no such horrible and unmanly thing," cried Dr. iEneas Macbride. "Do you think I, a physician, whose bounden duty is to do everything that he possibly can to save human life?be it that of the newborn infant or the dotard of ninety? would consent to put to a cruel death a poor lady who should be enjoying all the happiness that earth can give ? Do your butchery work yourself; I'll have no hand in it." "It is precisely," replied the latter gentleman, "because we are desirous that this indispensable work should not be done in a butcherly manner that we have brought you here. You are known to be the skillfulest surgeon in Rome, and you will perform the operation at once by opening the veins in her ankles ; if you refuse, I swear that I and my bro" he checked ftimseif before he could wholly pronounce the word brother?"my companion will fall on you with our jjoinards and hack you to death." "Do their bidding," said in a low, faint voice, the young lady in the arm-chair. "Do I hear aright?" said the doctor. "You do," resumed the lady. "Do their biding, or you will incur a fate as dreadful as my own." Dr. .Eneas Macbride appeared to hesitate for a moment; "I will do your will and may heaven forgive me for yielding to you! But I must have a vessel; a large vessel of warm water." "That shall at once be procured," replied the taller of the masked men, leaving the room. You will remember that Dr. Eneas .Macbride was also tall of stature. He bent over the reclining lady and whispered something to her. "I have told her," he said, drawing himhimself up to his full height, "that I will not hurt her much." Presently two female attendants, each closely masked, entered the room, carrying between them a large silver tub full of warm water. This vessel they placed before the young lady, who, without a word immersed her feet in the water. Then Dr. Macbride, once more bending over the victim, smoothing the hair on her forehead, and feeling her pulse, knelt, lancet in hand, by the side of the silver footbath. He rose looked in the victim's face, chose a fresh lancet and knelt again by the side of the footbath. The water was now deeply discolored. Ere long it wascompletely crimson. "Bring another bath?a tub?a bucket? what you will!" said the doctor, "and more warm water!" Then he continued, hastily holding his wrists around the ancles 01 tne patient, while the first footbath was taken away and another substituted for it, this will finish the work." "How she bleeds!" said the tall man, who, with folded arms, was watching the scene. The young lady had fallen back in her chair, her arms hanging loosely. "She is insensible," said the shorter of the masked men. "She is dead !" said Dr. /Eneas Macbride, solemnly. "How she bled!" repeated the shorter of of the two masked men. "She will bleed no more," said Dr. Macbride. And now let me ask you what you intend to do with the evidence of your, and I may almost say my guilt. How do you intend to dispose of tne corpse ?" "Put it into a sack full of stones and sink it into the Tiber," muttered the taller gentleman. "At the risk of the sack rotting, the weights becoming disengaged from the body, and of the corpse floating, or of being washed on shore and the features recognized." "Bury it in the garden," suggested the the shorter man. "It is still dangerous, resumed the doctor. "The bodies or burried people that have been murdered have been disinterred over and over again. One was, you know, last year, in that vineyard, close to the Appian Way, and the assasins was brought td justice." "That is true." "When you planned your little scheme, gentlemen," the doctor went on, almost banteringly, "you should have planned the last act of your tragedy as well as the proceeding ones. Let me tell you what a murdered dead body is in a civilized city, one of the most difficult of imaginable things to get rid of. But since I have gone with you so far in this abominable business -* ?? x A.^i.1 1 1 1 Will go yei jurmer anu neip yuu i-uuirau the corpse. Bring it back with me to my surgery in the Pazza di Spagna?I am accustomed to have such burdens brought to me at the dead of night?and I'll dissect her. By which I mean that in less than twelve hours no recognizable trace will remain of your deceased relative?if relative she is." The victim was evidently stone dead. After a long consultation the masked men acceded to the proposition of the doctor, who appeared to have become so completely their accomplice, and who accepted, with many protestations of thanks, a large purse of gold sequins. Again he submitted to have his eyes bandaged, and again he was conducted to the coach in waiting below ; but something else accompanied the party, and was placed on the seat beside the doctor. That something else was the body, rolled up in many thicknesses of white' linen, of the lady who had been bled to death ! The carriage made a route as circuitous as before to the Piazza di Spagna; but it was then, at Br. Macbride's request, driven round to the entrance of the narrow lane behind the Palazzo Carminali. Then the burden wrapped in white linen was carried, by the doctor and the tailor of the masked men, bv the back door into the dissecting-room ana laid like a stone on the table. The doctor noticed that his fellow-bearer was trembling violently, and he had evidently had enough of horrors for that night Three months afterward Dr. /Eneas Macbride returned to Edinburgh, bringing with him his wife, a young and extremely handsome Italian lady of anoble Roman family. Pope Benedict XIV., the enlightened and humane Lambretini, had had much to do with bringing about the union of the handsome young lady with "II Dottore Macbride, Scozzese." He had informed the young lady's brothers, Don Itafaellejand Don Antonio Cordiscoglio, counts of that ilk, that if they did not consent to the match and pay over a very large fine to the apostolic chamber, they should be prosecuted with the utmost rigor of the law for having basely attempted to murder their sister by causing her, as they thought, to have the veins of her anklesopened. Dr. iEneas Macbride. while pretending to execute the dreadful behests of Don Rafaelle and Don Antonio Cordiscoglio, had first administered to her a potion, which speedily reduced her to in- i sensibility, and had next skillfully mingled with the warm water in which the feet of < the patient were immersed, the contents of the packet of cochineal which he had pur- i chased at the farmacia Panciaretto. The Eoor girl's only offense had been that she ad imprudently, and in mere girlish folly, encouraged, for a short time, the addresses of a young man much her inferior in rank ; : but by her haughty and vindictive brothers this transient flirtation was esteemed a crime which her death alone could expiate. How friH-unafo if wn? fchn.t, T")r. /Rnfins Macbride was so much addicted to making anatomical "preparations," necessitating the use of i cochineal for their perfection! I fancy, however, that after his marriage he ceased to dissect small dead hands, and consoled 1 himself with covering small live ones with i kisses 1 ?mmm===i?????? I (fflrfign ^omspoHdrnte. j LETTER FROM LIVERPOOL. " > 1 THE SECOND CITY OF ENGLAND. ! ? _ ( The Population aiul Commercial Importance of ' Liverpool?The Antiquity of British Cities, to ] tchich Liverpool is an Exception?The Ship Yards? A London Political Meeting?The Leaven of the Covenanters Still Working?The Late-Abiding Pro- ' pensity of the English. I , ] Correspondence t<' the Yorkvllle Enquirer. ( Liverpool, July 25.?I reached this place by steamboat, at about 6 o'clock this morn- i ing. After securing a room at the Royal Hotel, I set out again to see sights. This ' sight-seeing business becomes a mania, i Perhaps the idea would be better expressed by saying that the individual who devotes 1 o.-id ot+nnfirm tr? riinnimr rmind. , IBlO I&UIU aim w ? , , looking at the grand old things in the grand old cities of the British Isles, becomes par- , tiallv, if not absolutely, insane. When, on the 23rd instant, I left London, I intended to do nothing more. I was tired. My feet were worn out and my eyes had the feeling as if thev were full of dust. No sooner, however, had I set my foot on the banks of the Mersey, this morning, than I felt young and fresh again and ready for another tramp, and again set out to see sights. Liverpool, as perhaps most of the readers of the Enquirer know, is situated on the right bank of the Mersey, about three miles from the sea. On the opposite band is Birkenhead. According to the census of 1881, it contained 552,425 inhabitants, and was the second city in point of population in the United Kingdom. It is claimed that since that time Glasgow, in Scotland, has outstripped it, and is now entitled to be regarded as second to London. Of this I cannot speak definitely. All that I know is, that Glasgow claims to have over 900,000 inhabitants, while such aelairn, ?e far as I know, is not set up by Liverpool. In form, the city of Liverpool is an irregular semi-circle, the diameter of the circle and base line of the city being the docks, which line the estuary for a distance of more than six miles. The city covers ' an area of more than five thousand two hundred acres of land. This is undoubtedly a large tract of land to be covered with houses; but London and its suburbs cover more than five hundred thousand acres of land ! This is calculated to make the dweller in a rural village feel, if not poor, certainly humble. Nearly all the large cities of the British Isles are remarkable on account of their venerable antiquity. Take away from Edinburgh its old castle, Greyfriars and St. Jiles Churches, the house of John Knox, the Grassmarket, Holyrood Palace and the tombstones of the martyrs, and the history which clusters around these places, and Edinburgh, with its Princess street left, is nothing compared with New York. These old things, nowever, make Edinburgh what New York nor any city in America ever can become for centuries in the future. Liverpool can boast of none of those old relics of past generations. Compared with many other cities in Great Britain, far less in point of population and wealth and present commercial importance, Liverpool has no history. When it was founded and by whom, I have, at present, no means of ascertaining. Suffice it to say, that it was originally a small borough lying between a large pool and the river Mersey. From this pool, I suppose, it took its name in part, but why I do not know. The old town was, historians tell us, miserably constructed, being laid out with no order and without any reierence to tne neaun 01 ine inhabitants. The streets were only narrow alleys, and the houses with which they were lined were wretchedly poor and uncomfortable. During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries it was at different times visited by a plague, which on each occasion carried off multitudes of its inhabitants. At the beginning of the 18th century, Liverpool was a small town of only about eight thousand inhabitants. About that time it ; began to increase, and its growth has been , rapid and steady ever since. The old hous- i es were torn down, the streets changed and | widened, and the result is that Liverpool is : a modern and not an old city. To the people of the United States, especially to the people of the cotton belt, Liverpool is, perhaps, the most important foreign city in the world. Between the cities of New York and Liverpool, five lines of steamers are constantly employed. In addition to these, there are lines between 1 Boston, Philadelphia, Charleston and New Orleans and Liverpool. These lines of steamers carry produce of every description and from every quarter of the globe. : Nearly all the cotton shipped from the 1 United States finds its way directly or in directly to Liverpool. This has been the case ever since cotton began to be cultivated in the Southern States. The trade | has grown from a single bale, packed in a i meal sack with a crowbar, to several mil- j lions of bales packed with a steam compress, i Not only is the cotton crop of the South 1 shipped to Liverpool, but enormous quan- ' tities of provisions are annually exported < from the United States to Liverpool. The provisions consist of corn and wheat, beef, < pork, live hogs and cattle. Some sections ' of Livemool are made bv these exports to i - resemble an American city. Thousands of bushels of com and wheat are seen stored 1 away in warehouses, and long trains of wag- 1 ons heavily loaded with bales of cotton, are * seen slowly moving through the streets. 1 The scene has a striking resemblance to * what was seen every fall thirty-five years ago in "Cotton Town" in Columbia, South j * Carolina. f That which gives to Liverpool its great * commercial facility, is its docks. Here I feel, intensely, my ignorance. I am unable s even to undertake the description of these i docks. Every profession has its technicali- i ties. A knowledge of these technicalities, ( rather, a clear understanding of these tech- f idealities, is necessary to speaking or writ- i ing intelligibly about these professions, j j Shipbuilders and dockbuilders have their j technical words and phrases, but I frankly t confess that I do not know what these tech- 1 nicalities are, and consequently cannot un- [ derstand them. Such being the ease, I will c attempt to describe these Liverpool docks t in language borrowed from land fabrics. 1 Without holding either Webster or Woreos- 1 ter accountable for the definition, I venture to say that a (lock is a place built upon the bank of a river, estuary, or on the shore of the sea, for the purposes of either buildingor repairing ships, or for the purpose of protecting ships from the violence of storms and the lashing of the waves of the sea; and also for the purpose of facilitating the discharge of their cargoes. These docks are constructed by building a massive wall of stone along the bank of the stream. Perhaps I would be better understood by saying that a stone-wall bank is made for the water. From this wall, other stone walls extend out into the water. These last are called piers, and on them are erected huge buildings for the reception of passengers and cargoes of ships. The distance between these piers is sufficient to admit the largest ship, and is called a slip. Into these slips the ship is taken when it reaches port. In front and on both sides, it is surrounded by stone walls, and is protectenvfrom wind and wave. The construction of these docks is attended with great cost. A foundation for the stone walls has to be dug down into the ground covered with water, and the masonry must be both massive and strong, to withstand the continual dashing of the waves. Withthi&unclassical description of a dock, I proceed to describe the docks of Liverpool. It is claimed for these docks that they are the largest and best in the world. Be this as it may, I can only say that they extend on both sides of the Mersey, and are under the same management, and together form the port of Liverpool. The extent of these docks on the Liverpool side of the river is nearly six and a half miles. The extent un the Birkenhead side is not so great, but how much less I could not learn. The water area of the Liverpool docks is three hundred and thirty-three and one half acres. I tried, in vain, to ascertain the cost of constructing these docks. This, I suppose, could be ascertained, only approximately, and after a long time spent in patient investigation. This will be admittec! when it is learned that the construction of these docks has been the work not of a year, but of a series of years. Some idea, however, of their cost may be formed from the fact that the insome of these docks is more than five millions of dollars, and the outstanding debt more than eighty millions of dollars. Taken as a whole Liverpool is a grand city. It is built on a slope, or series of slopes gradually rising from the river. The public buildings of Liverpool are equal, in fact, I think they are superior to those of London. There is a freshness about both the public and private buildings of Liverpool which is not seen in those of London. Liverpool re sembles Kicnmonci, Virginia, or pernaps jl would speak more correctly by saying that Richmond resembled Liverpool. The resemblance is not seen in everything, but in some it is striking. Both cities are situated on a series of slopes, extending from rivers, and many of the luwfses have a striking resemblance. When I began this letter, I did not intend saying so much about Liverpool. It is said, however, and let it go. When I left London I determined to write no more until I set sail for home. It was my purpose to while away the hours on the Atlantic in writing an account of the great polititical meeting in London on the 21st. It is raining to-night and I cannot get out, and besides the thought that to-morrow, at ten o'clock, the City of Rome, with me 011 board will steam out of the port of Liverpool for New York, has completely addled my brain. Tired feet are rested, and sleep has fled away. Rather than lie down to roll and toss and think about a multitude of things until I reach the verge cf insanity, I will write up the- London political meeting tonight. To begin, I may say it was the grandest gathering I ever witnessed. The lowest estimate of the number of individuals who joined in the procession was seven hundred thousand, and by some the number was claimed to be fully one million. The spectators were certainly equal in number to those in the procession. Such being the case, and taking the lowest estimate of those in the procession, one million four hundred thousand were in some way connected with the London political meeting of Monday, the 21st instant. Such an assembly of men it would be impossible to collect in any city except London. In London, this political demonstration was styled "The Great Reform Demonstration. A foreigner, that is, an individual who is not a citizen of the British Isles, is ready to ask what was the cause of this vast assemblage. To this question it may be replied that the working men of London and adjacent country, turned out in mass to express publicly and in a united capacity, their disapproval of the course pursued by the House of Lords in rejecting a certain Bill proposed by the House of Commons. The object designed to be effected by the passage of this bill, was the extension of the franchise to five millions of people, who, at present, do not enjoy the legal right to vote. The title of the Bill or Act (it is called both) is "Extension of the Household and Lodger Franchise." The following is the proposed T*; 11 ? A -X XI X * A?. U !!.Si/xM<* ?% *#>] JDin ur ^\ci, wiliioui us piuinuiiury aiiu c.\.planitory supplements: "A uniform household franchise and a uniform lodger franchise at elections, shall be established in all counties and boroughs throughout the United Kingdom, and every man possessed of a household qualification, of a lodger qualification, shall, if these qualifying premises be situate in a county in England or Scotland, be entitled to be registered as a voter, and when registered, to vote at an election for such county; and if the qualifying premises be situate in a county or borough in Ireland, be entitled to be registered as a voter, and when registered, to vote at an election for such county or borough. When a man himself inhabits any dwelling-house by virtue of any office, service or employment, and the dwelling-house is not inhabited by anjother person under whom such a man serves in such office, service or employment, he shall be deemed, for the purposes of this Act, and of the Representation of the People Acts, to be an inhabitant occupier of such dwelling-house as a tenant." In order to understand this Act, which the Lords rejected, it must be remembered that the laws of England require an individual to be possessed of a certain amount property before he is entitled to vote for a member of Parliament. This is called a qualification. There are two kinds of qualifications. One kind applies to the inhabitants of counties?the other kind to the inhabitants of boroughs. There is not a uniformity in the qualifications. More favor is shown the inhabitants of the boroughs, than is shown to the inhabitants of the counties. The inhabitant of a borough is enlitled to vote for a member of Parliament, provided he is the occupant ofa dwelling house which is rated or taxed for the relief of the poor ; but the inhabitant of a county is not. The inhabitants of the country, both of the counties and of the boroughs, demand as a right, both legal and natural, that the franchise be extended and that it be uniform. It will be seen that the proposed Act was j lesigned to extend the franchise to house- | Holders, with certain restrictions. The j House of Lords voted this Act down, and 'The Great Reform Demonstration," as it \ A*as cauea, in ljonuon on me ^isi uisimit, < ivas designed to sustain Mr. Gladstone and :he House of Commons, and to show the people's disapprobation of the course pursued by the House of Lords. Meetings of a similar character and for a similar purpose, have been held in various sections of England, Ireland and Scotland, md others are announced. Preparations for the great reform demonstration had been making for several days. It was arranged that those persons who proposed to join in the procession, should renlezvous at the embankment on the Thames, md at a signal given by the sending up of a ocket, begin tneir march to Hyde Park. Vt this point all were to be present at half past five o'clock. This was not accomplished. The greatness of the crowd, as might pe expected, caused its own delay. Soon iftor the appointed hour, the larger number >f those in the procession, and a vast multiude of spectators, reached Hyde Park. Many of the processions did not reach the ['ark until late1, and by far the greater por- ' tion of the spectators never entered the Park at all. The streets, in all directions, for miles, were full of men and women, and _ the tops of houses were literally covered ? with persons eager to see what was going on. Seven stands had been erected in the Park, and speakers provided foreach one of a] these stands. In addition to this, there were quite a number of volunteer speakers who harrangued the multitudes that gathered around them. The speeches which I J." heard were moderate in their tone. They v: contained no threats, and heaped no abusive jv epithets upon the House of Lords. One of It tne Lords was held up to ridicule, because he said the working people did not want the ^ franchise. The volunteer speeches which E: were delivered in the crowd by laboring r: men, were sometimes full of lire and indignation. One of these speakers would stop in ^ the midst of a sentence and propose three ^ cheers to "Lilly, the wood cutter." This was responded to by his hearers with good will. After as many persons as couiu mm standing room in Hyde Park had entered, 9,, the following resolution was submitted from V each of the seven stands to the people, and 1 by them adopted : gj Resolved, That this vast assembly, consisting of ^ seven enormous meetings?composed of repre- q" sentatives of the unenfranchised agricultural laborers, miners, urban and rural non-voters, and or other unenfranchised classes, and of trades, or- w< ganizations, political and Radical clubs, Lib- \V eral associations and other organized bodies, pr political and non-political?emphatically protests against the rejectiou of the representatives of the People Bill by an irresponsible and un- P representative House of Lords, notwithstanding its almost unanimous acceptance by the people and the people's accredited representatives; and it approves Mr. Gladstone's action in advising her Majesty to summon an autumn ses- E< sion of Parliament, and his determination to tei send up the bill again to the Peers; and further So expresses its opinion that the continued ex- (jg istence of an unchecked power of impending po and obstructing the popular will, at present exercised by the House of Peers, is not conducive u? either to the welfare of the people or the peace ^ and prosperity of the country. That a copy of CO this resolution be sent to the t'rime Minister. fr( The crowd, in a short time after the adop- ta tion of the above resolution, began to dis- th perse in as quiet and as orderly a way as it en was possible. to This letter is already too long and I have hi not touched the subject. You and your 18; readers must permit me to make a few re- be marks by way of inference. ap The first remark I have to make is, that an the classes of people of Great Britain who are named in the above quoted resolution, WJ are panting for liberty. Two hundred years co ago the Covenanters declared that they q "would set up over themselves and over of what God should give them power, a gov- ra eminent and governors according to the word of God." That meant a government ti( and governors of their own choice. This an was regarded at the time as treason, and 'vj for it some of them were put to death, and aE some of them were forced to flee to Ameri- tj, ca. The doctrine which the Covenanters sj, announced at Queensferry, developed itself aj into the American Constitution. For that ^ freedom the oppressed of the British Isles nc are longing. tr The next remark I have to make is, that the English are an exceedingly orderly peo- ta pie, and I am constrained to believe a very ^ moral, and I hope, a very religious people. ^ On the day of the Great Reform Demonstra- to tion, all the liquor-shops in London were ^ open, and I have no doubt large quantities q of intoxicating liquors were sold and drank. a? Notwithstanding this fact, the people were orderly. I heard no swearing. I saw some drunk persons, but they were quiet. This p( leads me to remark?and I do it with a feel- m ing of shame?that the Americans are noto- p rious for their profanity. I have heard but L one single word of profanity ajnee I landed ?r at Liverpool on the 9th of June. ^ The last remark I have to make is that ti< the English are the most law-abiding people h I ever saw. As a proof or t-his, i win state th that when I left Hyde Park, I found it impossible to cross the street on account of the 0i dense crowd of men and vehicles of every th kind and character. In fact, I was appre- ja hensive that I would be crushed to death, tii Under the impulse of the moment, I rush- te ed to a policeman who was standing in the di middle of the street. Putting one hand on pt his shoulder and at the same time giving er him a wave of courtesy with the other hand, vi I said, "I put myself under your care." He k] immediately raised both his hands in front ie of the jam of men, horses and vehicles. In a al moment, as if an electric spark had been ar thrown amongst them, every one stopped ar dead still. The policeman then asked me sa where I wanted to go. I replied, "across ar the street." He then threw out his hands, de opening them at the same time, and a way j0 was made for me in a moment. I said to yt my traveling companion that no man in pr America could do that. I thought so then w and I think so yet. s|i To-morrow morning, at ten o'clock, Prov- se idence permitting, I leave Liverpool. The ap prospect for a crowded ship is good. The pi cholera in France is driving American trav- th elers home. I understand that a large batch fa of steerage passengers are going to Ameri- m ca. But I must go to bed, and, if possible, 0f get a nap before I leave for home. It. Latiian. ^ Lightnings-Rods.?It is a general im- ^ pression that the chief value of lightningrods is to shield buildings from harm by conducting electricity from the clouds to the earth. Even intelligent people are oft en surprised when told that the rods secure safety by allowing the electricity to escape tr which gathers on the roof and sides of build ings. But the cases where the electricity t'1 goes upwards from the earth to the air, bc largely outnumber those in which the cur- ?u rent sets in the opposite direction. Je< The process is a very simple one. The c? electric equilibrium in the air is disturbed, as and one kind of electricity gathers in great to. force on the earthward surface of the clouds. This at once disturbs the equilibrium of the 111 earth, and attracts the opposite kind of w< electricity to the earth's surface. When a" the tension becomes too great?or the mu- tl1 tual affinity becomes irresistible?electricity p leaps cither from the clouds to the earth, J1.1 or reversely and for the moment the equiJ.ibrium is restored. jy But if conducting points, such as lightning-rods present, are numerous enough to ?? dissipate steadily the force gathered on the jju earth's surface, there will be no sudden leap, be and no lightning shock. In the famous ex- bu periment of Franklin with his kite, if the lightning from the cloud had run down the string to the key, the bold experimenter 18 would have suffered the penalty of death an for his rashness. But it was only the clec- ^ tricity of the kite and the string, decom posed by the attraction of the electricity in the cloud, that escaped by the key, and a" therefore the shock was a light one. ? ? ? WniiTir Knowing.?Poisoning from can ned fruit and vegetables is not common, but JJ, it occurs occasionally. An expert physician lu, jives the following good advice on the sub- ? Sect: 2JJ 1. Every can should be examined, and if ' two holes are found in it, send the can at ' ince to the health board with the contents x" ind name of the grocer who sold it. 2. Reject every article of canned food that . ? Joes not show the line of the rosin around '; 1 the edge of the solder of the cap, the same as S'j, is seen on the seam at the side of the can. 3. Reject every can that does not have :he name of the manufacturer or firm upon prt tas well as the name of the company and On ;he town where manufactured. 'Standards' of lave all this. When the wholesale dealer cal s ashamed to have his name on the goods me ight shy of them. tin 4. Press the bottom of the can. If de- tin ^imposition is commencing the tin will rat- in ;le the same as the bottom of the oiler of Ma four sewing machine does. If the goods wo ire sound it will be solid, and there will he to! 10 rattle to the tin. int ">. Reject every can that shows any rust ha( iround the cap on the inside of the head of nus ;he can. If housewives are educated to Coi ;hese points, then muriate of zinc amalgam Sta .villbea thing of the past, and dealers in to s 'swills" have to seek some other occupation, am ffflcal politics. THE COUNTY CANVASS. N INTERESTING MEETING AT ( LOVER. Last Thursday was the day appointed by e County Executive Committee for a pub; meeting at Clover, at which the candiites in the primary election would address eir fellow-citizens. At an early hour in e forenoon the clean and pretty streets of ir thriving 3ister town were alive with :ople from the country, and at 12.30 P. M., e hour decided upon by the committee of rancrpments for the sneakiner to beein. a o\v(F, estimated at from 800 to 400, had asmbled. Arrangements were made for the eaking by erecting a neat stand and proding seats in the grove, in a convenient ,rt of the town, and zest was given to the casion by excellent music furnished by the lover Cornet Band, of which Mr. L. K. rmstrong is leader. On account of the engements of Mr. J. It. Barron, Precinct lairman, (he being a member of the band) at gentleman requested Capt. W. Beatty nith to preside. He called the meeting to der promptly at 12.30, and the proceedings sre opened with prayer by Rev. R. A. ebb, pastor of Bethel Church. After ayer, the chairman stated the object of e meeting, when he introduced as the first eaker DR. JOHN G. BLACK, ndidate for the Senate. Dr. Black went er the same ground as in his speech at Dck Hill, reported last week. He reitera[1 his views on the Citadel Academy, the uth Carolina College and the Columbia inal appropriations, being unalterably op sed to all of them. While a friend of edation, and disposed to aid in educational jects, he favored appropriations for the mmon schools first, and in a few years >m now, we might be more able to bear xation for the support of the Citadel and e State University^ He thought the presit time inopportune for taxing the people support these institutions. He reviewed s legislative record when a member in 80-81, and upon that he was willing to go fore the people. He then voted against ipropriations for the purposes above named d would do so again. maj. jas. f. hart is the next speaker introduced. After raplimentary allusions to the town of over, and recalling the reminiscence of one the most stirring meetings of the memoble campaign of 1870, held at that place, > referred in a general way to his past dujs in the Senate. He made the point that t inexperienced member cannot be as serceable to his people as one of experience, id cited the fact that Charleston has conlued some of Its Representatives ever ice 1870, and consequently that county most rules both branches of the General ssembly. An inexperienced member can>t be heard. The interests of the low couny and the upper part of the State are ditrse; the low country always tavors high xation when it is beneficial to thatsection. 'ith us of the up country we have no such ijects in view. It was a maxim with him legislate for low taxation. For the maininance of the Democratic party in South trolina, the Government must be so pure id popular in the public mind that no facia may arise in our own or any other party break the ranks of the Democratic party, ir this reason he was opposed to enactents of local concern inimicable to the sople of a particular section, as for exame forcing upon the people of the low couny the fence law when they did not desire , He was opposed to making appropriains for the Citadel and State University, e favored an improved system of working ie public highways, but did not propose to rolve a plan at present. Pie only threw it the suggestion, to call the attention of ie people to the subject. He opposed the w exempting manufactories from taxaDn, and favored the introduction of a sysm whereby there would be a more general ffusion of the laws of the State, for the lblic information. The State expects evy man to know the law, but does not prode the means for the people generally to iow the enactments of its legislative bods. He made a touching allusion to a disced Confederate soldier, a citizen of Clover, id alluding to the fact that a small State ipropriation had been made for his benefit, id he thought this, as well as similar ipropriations?from which, however, he ;rived no benefit?should be kept up, so ng as there is an empty sleeve in the ate, and especially to those who were de'ived of their eyesight by casualties of the ar, it is nothing but gratitude that we ould make this public recognition of their rvices. On the question ot the lawyer as [ainst the farmer, although a lawyer by ofession, he was as mucn interested in e farming interests of the country as the rmers themselves. He was raised a far I 1 1 ... 1 i._l ???,]? I er uuy, anu ruuw ami respecieu uie nueus the farming interest of the State. C. E. SPENCER, ESQ., llowed Major Hart. He alluded to the ct that this was the second occasion of his tending a political meeting at Clover, is first visit there was in 1876, when he id the pleasure of participating in one of e most glorious meetings of that camtign. He contrasted the growth and acvity of the town now, with what it then us, as having kept steady pace with e progress of the county since it has en freed from Radical rule. He disssed the question of his age, as an objtion urged against him by some of his mpetitors, maintaining the same position has been previously reported. Alluding the disabled soldier so touchingly spoken by Major Hart, he, too, re-echoed thesennents of the Major, and said if elected, it 3uld be as much his pleasure as that of y man, to try to secure for the blind solers of the State an annual allowance. He limed to be as much of a farmer as one of s competitors who urged his identifica>n with the farming interests as one reason !iy he should be supported by the farmers, merely owning land, a horse and a plow nstituted a farmer, he was as much a merashisagriculturalcompetitor. More: raised a small crop of wheat?thirteen shels?this year, which cost him three liars a bushel; but he did not propose to opt wheat raising as a profession. This peculiarly an agricultural community, d though there may be men in other proisions, the interests of all are identical, e all depend upon agriculture, and there c the lawyer in the Legislature could not ord to legislate against the farmer. He is not pledged to any issue. lie would t say that he will or will not advocate ite appropriations to the Citadel Academy d the Souih Carolina College. He was an , vocate of common schools, and was proud it there are also institutions in the State lich give aid in higher education to worf struggling young men. The annual apjpriation for this last object is small as npared with the $300,000 derived by the o-inill tax for the common schools. The ar is open for competitive examination, [1 though the uumoer of students from :h county is limited, all have an equal mce to enter the Citadel. It EX. E. M. LAW isentcd himself as a farmer candidate, e of his competitors claims to be as much a farmer as himself; but how is a man's ling identified ? Certainly not as a farr, when he raises wheat at an expense of ( ee dollars a bushel. He then argued < it a new member could be as serviceable s the Senate as an old one, and illustrated 1 ijor Ilart's position by the story of the i man who was willing for her son to learn t swim, but he must do so without going i 0 the water. He fully endorsed all that i 1 been said on the subject of making an- ( il appropriations for deserving disabled c ifederate soldiers, as a duty which the t ,te owes to these unfortunates. In regard 1 ippropriations for the Citadel Academy t 1 the South Carolina University, should 1 he be elected and find that it was the sentiment of the people to consolidate those institutions, and under that arrangement conduct one by the fund derived from the general government for that purpose, he would have no hesitation in laboring to secure that end. He was opposed to the exemption of manufacturing establishments from taxation, and had always been opposed to making State appropriations for the Columbia Canal. The chairman introduced MR. J. M. ADAMS as the next speaker. His remarks were in the same general style of his Rock Hill speech. The only new measure he advanced was in reference to the Citadel and State University. He advocated the plan of keeping one of these institutions?the Citadelopen for the deserving youth of the State, and converting the University into a school of high grade at which deserving females could obtain an education free. He said he had understood that the statement had been made that if he should be elected and go to the Senate, that he could not draw up a bill. As to that there would be no difficulty so far as he was concerned. He would have the assistance of Senator Patterson, of Chester, who is his right hand man ; and besides that the State Solicitors are required to attend the sessions of the Legislature for no other purpose but to assist members in drawing up bills. As to a man being a lawyer, he did not know that it made so much difference in drawing up bills, anyway, nor does it go to show that a lawyer necessarily understands a bill after it has been drawn up an enacted in a law. As proof of this, Mr. John Smith, of Broad River, told him that he once called on his friend Major Hart to explain to him the lien law and the homestead law, and at the end of two hours neither one of them knew what they had been talking about. He thought his claims were well based on the ground that he is a mechanic, and if elected, it would be the first instance of a mechanic representing the people of York in the legislative halls of the State, and this much he thought was due to the mechanical interests of the country. Since the opening of this campaign he had noticed with regret that three very able lawyers?his friends Hart, Spencer and Law?had about deserted their profession and gone regularly to farming. He thought it would be best for them to return to their law offices, and let him go to the Senate. In other respects, Mr. Adams'remarks were of the same general tenor of his speech at the opening of the canvass. Mr. Adams was the last Senatorial candidate, and the chairman next introduced those for the House of Representatives, commencing with HON. B. II. MASSEY. i>ir. Aiassey reierrea to ?iis service 01 eight years in the House and his public record, which was known by the people of the county. He was a farmer?not a talking fanner, but a working farmer, though he did not ask the support of the people on that account. If it suited the people to return him to the House, he would, as in the past, serve them to the best of his ability. He was not unmindful of the interests of all his constituents, while all his public acts were with the view of fostering the agricultural interests of the country. In regard to the scheme of his friend, Mr. Adams, for finishing the State House, he did not favor the scheme of imposing upon the people at this time a tax for that purpose, which would require at least $750,000; but he would favor removing the convicts from the Columbia Canal and putting them to work on the capitol. As to the State appropriations for the Columbia canal, he opposed the scheme. As a member ol the State Board on public works he is familiar with it, and the cost it has been to the State. Its cost has been $88,000 per annum, and it will require three more years and twice that amount to finish it. However, the work that has been done on it up to the present time will not be lost, should further operations be suspended, as it is near the Penitentiary, and its water can be used for running the machinery in that institution. He could see no reason why the work should be carried further. He was opposed, in the Legislature, to opening the Citadel and the State College. For the objects of those institutions he does not think the State is able at this this time to make the necessary appropriations. He concurred in remarks by speakers who had preceded him on the question of affording relief to disabled solders. He had introduced in the House a joint resolution for $200 for the relief of a blind soldier of this county, and while this class of unfortunates could not be pensioned, an annual approbation could be made for them. He concluded by complimenting the band on the fine music furnished by them, and said that he had been a member of a brass band for seven years, and the time of that period which he had devoted to the study of in strumental music was the happiest of his life. J. C. CHAMBERS, ESQ., was next introduced and spoke in the same strain of his speech at Rock Hill, reported last week. lie was followed by COL. CADWALLADER JONES, who first alluded to the remarks, on the subject of public relief to disabled Confederate soldiers, by speakers who had preceded him. He was in full accord with this proposition, and in advocating it paid a handsome tribute to the gallantry of those unfortunate men. This was the first time that he had ever visited Clover, which is a brand new town, sprung up, as if in a day. To the general appearance of the town and the enterprise of its citizens he paid a merited compliment, and asked, What built your town ? The railroad, he answered. But you may say, No thanks to me. The county appropriation of $100,000 was made by three County Commissioners. I thought then and think now they had no right to make that appropriation. The battle over the question has been fought, though the question at issue ha3 not been decided. The bonds had been issued and the Court ordered that they should be paid without deciding the question of the right of the Commissioners to make the subscription. But the railroad has been built and I am glad of it, though it has always been my opinion that the people should be allowed a vote on all questions making county appropriations for such purposes. The road is an important improvement to the county. It doe? you good and does us no harm. The subscription is a small sum for the large county of York to pay. I opposed the subscription, not for the object, but the manner in which it was made. I favor railroads, and think I would have voted for the subscription had the proposition been submitted to the people. I allude to this matter, in announcing myself as a candidate for the House of Representatives, for which my name was brought forward last Monday, * simply because I had heard, before coming here, that I would meet a cool reception. But I am happy to say that such has not been the case. I have met many friends who have given me a good old-time, honest welcome. The speaker next alluded to the "new county movement" of two years ago, which he then favored. But that question is now as "dead as Julius Ctesar." The constitution prescribes the minimum area of a ?ountv. and we cannot get the necessary territory, without amending the constitution. He said the people of his section are satisfied, and the question is at rest forever. For reasons intimated, he had felt it his du:y to refer to these matters and explain his position on the two questions, which are lead issues forever. ()n questions under discission, he referred to the railroad commission, and while he is a friend of railroads, as jetween the rights of the roads and the ights of the people, neither should oppress he other; but how the happy medium of so idjusting the laws as to render them fair and md equitable for both parties could be reachid he did not now know. If elected, his ?oursc will besuchasto guard the interest of he people and yet not oppress the railroads. Phis is a white man's country, and legislaion must be in favor of the white man, but ie would do no injustice to the black man*