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% ' '''' ^ ?-^???? "" =____^B^^BgBBBagag 1 ^ mmimmmm?m ilwism' oeisi'propriotor ) ' An Independent Journal: For the Promotion of the Political, Social, Agricultural and Commercial Interests of the South. j?2peeahhukraadvajtce. VOL 5 YOEKYILLE, S. C., THURSDAY, JULY 28,1859. NO. 30. 111 'iig CjfcfarkMIIf^raw IS I8SUND EVERY THUR8DAY HORNING, AT Two Dollars per year, in Advance. SIX COPIES, $10 50 ? TEN COPIES, 915 00, INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE. ADVERTISEMENTS Will be inserted at one dollar per square for the first and Thirty-skven-aSD-a-half Cents for each subsequent insertion (less than three months.) A Square consists of the space occupied by IS lines oi Brevier type; 100 words or one inch and a half space. No Advertisement connted less than a square. Semi-Monthi v. Monthly, or Quarterly Advertisements, will be charged One Dollar per square for each insertion. For AdvertlsingEitrays Tolled, 82; to be paid by the Magistrate. Citations, 82 ; to be paid in advance by the person l?i?? nf A nnlloutinn tn the I-ecidature. 85 : to paid by the person handing in the advertisement. Insolvent Debtors Notice, 8S; payable In advance. Attachment Notices, 86; to be paid for W the Attorney In the case. Business Cords, of ahalf-square or less, will be inserted at 85 per year. For each additional line, 81. fty Obituary Notices excee ling one 6quare in length,"will be charged for the overplus at regular advertising rates. (y Tributes of Respect rated as advertisements, fy* Announcements of Marriages or Deaths ; Notices of Religious or Temperance Meetingspubllshed GRATIS and solicited. " y All Advertisements not having the number of insertions marked on the margin, will he continued until forbid and charged accordingly. py Quarterly, Semi-Annual or Yearly contracts will be ma3e on liberal terms?the contracts, however, must in all cases be confined to the immediate business of the firm or individual contracting. *,* Personal Communications, when admissible; communications of limited or individual interest, or recommendations of Candidates for offices of honor, profit or trust, will be charged for at from 3 to 10 cents per line. fre in fenpe. BATTLE OF SOLFERINO. The New York Times in addition to a mass of interesting special correspondence from *1- Fnllnar! no dsaprin. I LUC scab Ul YTat J giTVO vuv ivuvntug v*vuv>-^ tion of the battle of Solferino from the pen of the Hon. Henry J. Raymond : Castiouone, Italy, Friday night, Jane 24, 1859. I came from Brescia early this morniDg, and arrived just in time to witness the last half of what I have very little doubt will turn out to have been the greatest battle the modern world has seen. Tou will get the official summary of its results by telegraph before this letter reaches you, and will be prepared, therefore, for this statement of its magnitude. I cannot describe it with any precision as yet?for it has lasted all day, and extended over a circuit of not less than fifteen miles; the noise of the cannonade, and even of the musketry, moreover, is still in my ears, and none of those engaged in it, except the wounded, have returned to give us any distinct and connected report. But not less than 450,000 men have been engaged in it; and of these not less than 30,000 ?dead or disabled?lie, on this bright, starry night, upon the bloody field. COMMENCEMENT OF THE BATTLE AND POSITION OF THE CONTENDING ARMIES. The battle commenced a little before 5 o'clock in the morning?not far from sunrise. Just back of Castiglione rises a high range of hiils?which projects a mile or thereabouts into the plain, and theu breaks off towards the left into a wide expanse of smaller hills, and so into the rolling surface which makes that portioo of the plain.? The Austrians had taken position upon these hills, planting cannon upon those nearest to Casrisdione, which they could approach, as the French army was in full force in and around that little village, and had stationed their immense array all over the surrounding plain. As nearly as we can now learn, the Emperor Francis Joseph had collected here not less than 225,000 troops, and commanded them in person. His evident purpose was to make a stand hero and risk the fortunes of the war upon the hazards of the day. Napoleon promptly accepted the challenge, and commenced the attack as soon as it was light this morning, by placing cannon upon the hills still nearer to Castiglione than those held by the Austrians, and opening fire upon them on the heights beyond. He took his own stand upon the highest of these ?a steep, sharp-backed ridge, which commands a magnificent view of the entire circuit of the plain, and from that point directed the entire movements of his army during the early portion of the day. THE AUSTRIAN'S RETREAT, PURSUED BY THE FRENCH. The French very soon drove the enemy out of the posts they held nearest to the town, and followed them into the small villages of the plain below. The first of these was Solferino, where they had a sharp and protracted engagement. The Austrians disputed every inch of the ground, and fought here, as they did throughout the day, with the utmost desperation. They we;e three times driven out of the town before they would stay out. The people of the village, moreover, took part against the French, upon whom they fired from their windows, and the French were compelled, in self-defence, to burn the town. When they found it impossible to hold their ground any longer, they fell back, slowly and steadily, until they reached the villago of Vosta, which, as you will see by the map, lies directly southeast from Castiglione, and it is only about a mile from the river Mincio, from which, however, it is separated by a range of hills. Upon these hills, in the rear of the town, and overlook ing it completely on the south and southeast sides, the Austrians had planted very formidable batteries, and when I arrived upon the Geld and went at once to the height where the Emperor had stood at the opening of the engagement, but which he had left an hour 0 o ' before to follow his victorious troops, these batteries were blazing away upon the French who were stationed in the plain below. 1 was too far otf to observe with any accuracy the successive steps of the action, but I could dist'nctly see the troops station- j ed upon the broad plain, and moving up in j masses towards the front, where the artillery j was posted, as their services were required. I But as soon as they reached this point they were speedily enveloped in the smoke of the cannon, and disappeared from observation. | But the general result was soon made evi-1 dent by the slackening of the Austrian tire, and by the falling baok of their smoke and a j corresponding advance on the part of that which rose from the French artillery. The cannonadiog at that point lasted for over an hour; but in precisely what direction the Austrians retreated, it was not possible, from the position I occupied, to see. I was afraid to change it, moreover, because, although I might easily have gone more directly and closely upon the field, I could not have found any eminence upon the plain from which I could have had so sweeping and complete a view. Part of the Austrian force probably crossed the Mincio river, which flows southward from the lower end of Lake Guarda, and empties into the Po. A STORM DURING THE BATTLE. But the battle continued to rage all over the region northwest of a line connecting the towns of Castiglione, Solferino, and Volta. At one point after another a sharp cannonading would arise and continue for half or three-auartere of an hour?and after each A successive engagement of this kind, the result became apparent in the retreat of the Austrians and the advance of the French forces. During all the early part of the day the sky had been clear and the weather hot. But clouds began to gather at about Doon, and at 5 o'clock, while the cannonade was at its height, a tremendous thunderstorm rolled up from the northwest; the wind came first, sweeping from the parched streets an enormous cloud of dust, and was soon followed by a heavy fall of rain, accompanied by vivid lightning and rapid explosions of rat* tling thunder. The storm lasted for about an hour, and the cannonading, bo far as we could distinguish, was suspended. Then the rain ceased, the clouds blew away, the sun shone out again, and the air was cooled and perfectly delightful. Though the cannon may have ceasgd for a time to take part in it, the fight had in the meantime gone on ?aud when I again resumed my post of observation, from which the storm had expelled me, the cannonadiog commenced quite on the extreme left of the entire field and on the very borders of the lake, northeast from Castiglione and west of Peschiera. the battle-field at sunset. The Piedmontese troops under the King, who commands them in person, had been posted there and received the Austrians as they came around. From about 7 o'clock until after night-fall an incessant and most terrible combat was here kept up. The batteries of the two armies were apparently about half a mile apart, and at the outset they were both served with nearly equal and effective vigor. But the Austrians gradually slackened their fire, and several times took up new positions, while the Sardinians poured a rapid and uninterrupted shower of balls upon them, suspending only for a few minutes at a time, and then renewing it again with redoubled fury. The wind had now gone down, the air was still, and the scund of musketry, as well as of the cannon, was distinctly heard. The former was continuous, sharp, and incessant, sounding like the constant and irregular pattering of hail upon a roof, while the latter was occasionally suspended, but while it lasted was overwhelming erand and terrible. Over the Sar CP * CP dinian park rose a dense white cloud of smoke, directly upwards, its sides perfectly upright and well-defined, and spreading outward both ways at the top like an enormous sheaf of wheat. The sun was making a glorious setting in the West, and as his light gradually departed, the vivid flashes at each discharge of the cannon gleamed through the smoke like sharp lightning through the breast of an enormous cloud. Sometimes only a single flash would be seen, then two or three at once, and sometimes half-a-dozen would break forth in instant succession. It was beginning to be dark when I turned to ascend the hill, and all the way down I still heard the roar of the cannon and the clattering of the guns of the infantry. But the Austrians were clearly falling back, and could scarcely have failed to sustain a total route. It is possible they may be in condition to make one more struggle in the morning, but, judging from my own observation, it certainly is not probable. They have sustained an overwhelming defeat, and it seems to me not unlikely that the Emperor may rinw bp indiippil. b v thp rpnrpspntntinns nf the neutral Powers, to accept tlic peace which Napoleon will be very likely to tender him. Just before nightfall a tremendous cannonading was distinctly visible in the direction of Mantua, and it was supposed by one or two French officers that Prince Napoleon was assaulting that fortress as part of the general plan of the day's operations, while the Emperor was engaging the enemy in the open field. But 1 see no reason to suppose that this is true, as Prince Napoleon could scarcely have reached Mantua by this time, as he was in Florence only a week ago. I have thus given you a very general outline of this great battle as it came under my own observation. 1 have mentioned no names of subordinate officers, because I have had no opportunity to learn the specific part which individuals took in the engagement. All that I must leave for subsequent letters, or refer you for it to the official reports , which we here shall not see for three or four j nff-or nrn rmhlished in Paris. ?JW ?J r TIIE KILLED AND WOUNDED. I am afraid to venture upon any conjecture as to tbe number of killed and wounded in this battle; but from the nature of tiie ; case it must be enormous. 1 am confident i that not less than ten thousand wounded J have been brought into this village alone du- j ring the day?to say nothing of those that! I were left on the field or taken to other places. The first intimation we received of I an engagement having taken place, was from j meeting three or four carts drawn by oxen j filled with wounded, before we reached Montechiaro, on the road fron Bresica. As we ! i heard of no battle, we naturally supposed that these wounds had been received in some skirmish. Soon after we met a one-horse carriage, in which lay at full length an offi-A * . cer of rank, whose face wore so ghastly a ; look as to make it evident he was dying.? i On reaching Montechiaro, and stopping for ] a moment to rest our horses, we were told < that a great battle was then going on in the ' plain before Castiglione; and going at once 1 to the summit of some old fortifications which ' once defended the town, we could see with our glasses the smoke of the engagement. < We lost no time in pushing forward, al- J though we were told that we could not reach 1 Castiglione, because the rt)ads were com- < pletely occupied by artillery held in reserve. ' We went on, however, continuing to meet ] carriages and carts laden with wounded, and ' passing the French camps of the previous i night, came to a point, at about half a mile < from the town, where a park of artillery wag- ? on8 was defiling from their camp into the 1 road. Watching our chance, we drove in ' between two of the wacons, and so entered < the town under cover of the enormous cloud 1 of dust which they raised. The main street ' was densely crowded with carts, carriages, horses, donkeys, oxen, soldiers, sutlers, and persons and animals of every description.? We pushed our way, without hindrance, directly past the house marked as the Quartier Generate, or head-quarters of the Emperor, and were thus within the camp. We had gone but a short distance when we came to where the great procession of the wounded was turning down a cross street to a church which had been taken for a hospital. A SICKENING SIGHT. It was certainly the most dreadful sight I ever saw. Every conceivable kind of wound which can be inflicted upon men was here exhibited. All who were able to do so were obliged to walk?the wagons and animals at command being all required for those who could not be otherwise moved. Some walked along, their faces completely .covered with blood from sabre cuts upon their heads. Many had their arms shattered?hundreds had their hands tied up?and some carried most ghastly wounds upon their faces.? Some had tied up their wounds?and others had stripped away the clothing that chafed and made them worse. I saw one man walking along with a firm step and a resolute air ?naked to the waist, and having s. bulletwound upon bis side, an ugly gash along his cheek, and a deep bayonet-thrust, received from behind, in bis shoulder. MoBt of those who were walking wore a serious look?conversing but little with one another, though they walked two and two?and-few of them carried upon their faces any considerable expression of pain. loose wno were more severeiy mjurea rode upon donkeys or iu carts?and a few . were carried upon mattresses on men's shoul- ( dew. But these were mostly officers, and nearly all I saw carried in that way were so | badly wounded that their recovery is scarce- , ly possible. One had both his legs crushed by a cannon-ball. Another had received a ball in his thigh, and was evidently suffering the most intense agony. Many of those whose wounds were in their legs were seated in chairs swung across- a donkey?one beiog upon each side. Several who were thus carried, and were supported by soldiers walking by their side, were apparently unconscious, and seemed to be dying. Then would come carts, large and small, crrrying three, five, and some of them ten or fifteen each. A steady stream of these ghastly vien . 1 1 ill _ J J x 1 t_ tim8 or tne oairie or me aay.pourea rnruugn the town. I stood in the crowd by the side of them as the sad procession passed along, and watched it at this point for over an hour. *' It was not interrupted for a moment?except now and then by a crowd of prisoners ?and it continued thus from about ten in the morning, when it began to flow, until I left the street long after dark. Every church, every large hall, every private house in the town has been taken for the service of the wounded. Those whose injuries are slight, after having them dressed, pass at once into the ranks and mingle with their comrades. I looked into the church as I passed by.? All the seats, railings, &c., had been remo- ; med, matresses of hay had been spread upon , the floor, and were completely filled with wounded men, in every stage of suffering and of peril, lying side by side. The surgeons were dressing their wounds, Sisters of Charity and other women were giving them wine, and otherwise ministering to their comfort, but morning, I am sure, will dawn upon a large proportion of them relieved for- 1 ever from their pain. If anything can be ' more horrible than a soldier's life, it certain- j ly is a soldier's death. When we drove into town, we were warn- 1 ed by French gentlemen, who had arrived a little before us, that unless we placed our carriage in the stable or grounds of some ' private citizen, it would certainly be seized ' for the services of the wounded, as his had 1 been. As it was all we could rely on for a 1 bed-room, as well as a means of locomotion, 1 we were unwilling thus to loose it. On go- ! ing to a private house, therefore, to make sach an arrangement, we found it had been I taken for a hospital, and among its inhabi- ' tants was a vivanderc?a woman of perhaps 1 30, dressed in the style of ot.r Bloomers, who 1 had received a ball in her hand while fol- i lowing her occupation and carrying water and wine to the soldiers during the action. Two surgeons from the Emperor's family j were dressing her wound?and though pale from loss of blood she was conversing cheer fully and even gaily with them. j I'RISOI* R8. i Six or eight times while I stood upon the street watching the wounded, there came 1 along squad.* of prisoners taken at various stages of the action. Sometimes there would be ouly three or four?then twenty, fifty, or i a hundred, and in one company over 400. < They walked closely together, six or eight deep?the officers generally being in the < middle?and were guarded by a single.file of troops walking on each side. As a general thiDg they were not bad looking men. Very many of them were very young?not over 18 certainly?and only now and then >- yrnmmks.:- irt., you would see a peculiarly brutal and stupid countenance. There was nothing like anger or shame on their faces; they seemed generally wholly indifferent to their position, but looking about with a good deal of curiosity upon the crowd which surrounded them.? They were geneally silent, though now and then they would talk and laugh with each other as they passed along. The officers were, with scarcely an exception, handsome, manly, and intelligent fellows. All were without arms. The uniform of the men were eery coarse brown stuff made of flax, very plain, and with scarcelvany attempt at or [lament. Towards night, carts began to'come. in laden with wounded Anstrians, hundreds if whom passed along while I stood there, rod were taken directly to the hospitals, where they received precisely the same treatment as the French. Mo.it of them seemed to be very badly hurt. Among the number, loth of the wounded and prisoners, were many Hungarians. ORDERLY CONDUCT OF THE TROOPS. The town to-night, as might be expected, a simply aicamp. The streets, which are aarrow, ar$ crammed with artillery and provision wagons, trying, almost in vain, to make their way through the town; bivouac Sreslightup the orchardsand fields all around the village; two streams of troops pour out in the two roads leading to the field of battle, extending as far as the eye can reach; sutlers, fruit pedlers, and small dealers of eviry kind circulate among the soldiers who jrowd the streets; an immense train of Piedmontese artillery aro brought to a stand in the street while trying to make their way through the town to their place of encampment; and thousands of French infantry, iespairing of reaching their tents have seatid themselves upon the narrow side-walks, with the house-walls for a back, and their haversacks for pillows, they have addressed themselves in that position to the labor of ibtaining a night's rest. It is a striking tcene, most certainly, and the most wonderful part of it is the perfect order and good behavior of the troops. I have not seen, during the whole day, a single instance of iisorder, or of even rudeness in word or deed; from any soldier. Not one have I seen in the slightest degree intoxicated?not one bave I seen shouting or singing?not a rough ir rude remark have I seen or heard addressed to any one; nor have I failed in a single instance, whenever I have applied to i soldier for information, or addressed him an any subject whatever, to receive acourte)us replv, and the most polite endeavor to lid my wishes. Nor have I heard a single cheer over the victory, nor a single syllable of exultation over the prisoners as they come in. The most respectful silence has in every case been preserved. Expressions of sympathy with the wounded were constant, and prompt attention, as far as possible, was always given to their wants. Private property in the town, as far as I can see, has been treated with perfect respect. In selecting fields for the camp, those which will be injured by it least, seem uniformly to be chosen. Baker's shops, and groceries with cheese, bacon sausages, &c., freely exposed, are open j and I bave repeatedly seen soldiers bargaining for supplies at their windows. But I have heard of no instance and seen no indication of the slightest interference with private property. Yet there is no great rigor of discipline enforced?for the soldiers seem to be quite at their ease, and wander about town very much at their own discretion. But they look upon waras a business?as something to be done, like everything else, with as little fuss and excitement as possible. So they look upon a battle, and the operations attending it? the care of the wounded, the reception of prisoners, &c.?as merely pait of the regular routine?just like cleaning their muskets, or boiling their soup over theirbivouac fires. Letter from "Malakoff." Malakoff, the Paris correspondent of the New Ytyrk Times, also witnessed the battle, in company with Mr. Raymond, and sends the Times the following description of it: details of the action. Castiglione, Friday June 24. * * * On the night of the 23d the whole Austrian army moved up to the vicinity of Castiglione, within a mile of the advanced camp of the French army. They came up so noiselessly that the French supposed it to be their intention to sweep around and encircle the town. No such attempt, however, was made, and at 5 o'clock this morning the battle commenced, but by which army the first gun was fired no one thus far has been able to inform mc. It was an understood thing, no doubt, in both armies, that the moment had arrived forthe decisive trial of strength, and it mattered little who fired the first gun. Both armies were eager to begin the struggle, and only awaited the signal of attack. The Austrian position was in a cressent, f ? *V t x ! _ _ 1 J i^as at magenta,; aDout eignt mnes long, ana was exceedingly strong in every point of eiew, since the French were obliged to attack from the plain, in full view, and in a loncentrated form. During the first hours of the battle the French were twice driven back by the superior numbers and the impetuosity of the Austrians. But this retrograde movement was not a repulse, and the ground lost was immediately regained. It was the first regiment of Zouaves that suffered most at this moment. At 1 o'clock I saw two cart-loads of wounded men of this regiment as they came off the field, on their way to the hospital at Castiglione, and they told me that at that moment not a single commissioned officer of their regiment was on his feet.? Their brave colonel, who had been promoted only three days before, in place of their colonel killed at Magenta, had received three wounds, and in fact I saw him carried from the field soon afterwards on a litter, covered with blood and dust, and apparently suffering deeply from his wounds. The two villages on the line of hills held by the Austrians offered the greatest resistance to the advance of the French. One of these (Solferino) was taken and retaken three times by Canrobert's division, and it is said that at this point the dead bodies actually concealed the ground from view. Another village nearer to Castiglione, in which, strange to say, both the men and the women of the town fired upon the French, was totally burnt down by Marshal Canrobert's orders, who was naturally indignant at such conduct. The Austrians were gradually driven back over the plain, and from their strong position on the hill-sides, till at 4 o'clock they made their last obstinate stand at the town of Vol ta, six miles east of Castigliooe. An hour's work dislodged them from this place, and then, at 5 o'clock, a violent rain-storm coming up, attended with lightning and thunder, the retreat of the Austrians commenced. During this storm, which lasted nearly an hour, we took refuge in one of the division head-quarters of the town, and there assisted in dressing the wounded as they were brought in.- The storm which was but a burst, and which seemed to have been sent expressly to cool the hot air and to lay the dust, had no sooner ceased than the thunder of the artilery was again heard, but this time around and to the north of the point of hills in the direction of Peschiera. The battle had been renewed; or, perhaps, to us at the village, only drowned by the storm We hastened to a high bill half a mile east of the town, to a point near where the Austrian right rested at daylight in the morning, and at the very place on which NapoleoD had stood during the first hours of the battle, and from this noint we could see distinctlv what I 9 was going on. Away to the northeast, towards Preschiera, which was clearly in view, and, apparently, near the borders of the lake of Garda, the battle was raging with renewed fury. The Piedmontese, fifty thousand strong, commanded by the King, who had stopped the night of the 22d in advance of Sonato and who had come to the field of action in the rear of the Anstrians in the flank as they retreated. We could see each discharge of the cannon as they vomited forth, in rapid succession, their death-dealing missiles, and when we shaded our ears behind the crown of the bill on which we stood, could hear distinctly not only only the discharges of the connon, but the sharp, rapid cracking of the rifled muskets of the infantry. The scene at this moment was one long to be remembered. Ten miles north of us, and on the eastern and western shores of the lake, the Alps reared their snow-covered tops above the clouds, ^he storm had cleared away, and the sunset was never more beautifol in this coantry of lovely skies. Nearer to us, on the south side of the lake, where the shore is nearly level, the battle was raging, and the movements of the batteries from point to point could be perceived. The rays of the sun illuminating the snow-clad tops of the mountains, rendered their sides dark and sombre, and threw a shade upon the water beyond the contending armies which brought these into strong relief. The Ausfrionfl /?/\M 1 rl Kn conn afno^ilw fDnorllllff Ui?U. U. ?VU ? & batteries of the artillery on both sides were constantly shifting from one little hillock to another, and as soon as placed in position a regular rolling discharge could be heard and a line of fire seen like a conflagration.? The scene was alike picturesque and terrible. The correspondent adds that he feels warranted in saying that the French must have had 25,000 men hors de combat. He says he saw 10,000 wounded men come from the field on carts, wagons, mules, and litters.? He further adds: If I did not already know the result of the battle, I would be ready to suppose, from the enormous number of wounded soldiers at this moment passing my window, that the French army had been literally destroyed. I am quite sure, no matter what the French official report may say, that my preceding estimation of the wounded is small. THE PRISONERS. We saw about three thousand Austrian nficnnnro Virnncrllt. in FTflW niaDV Were ta h""*--b j ken during the day could not be ascertained. I saw one crowd of GOO, another of 450, and many smaller squads. The Austrian wounded were piled into the carts sometimes indiscriminately with the French. The most horrible wounds to look at were those of the face. Two Zouaves of the first regiment had the whole under jaw carried away, and yet these brave fellows walked behind the carts of their comrades more dangerously wounded than themselves. Some had their eyes closed from blows with the butts of the muskets; others had their cheeks or mouths hanging in lambcauxirom sword cuts; others the cheeks swollen to enormous dimensions from balls that bad pierced their faces through and through.? The women who had remained in the town of Castigliono shed tears apparently at the utter hopelessness of rendering assistance to such a number of brave and suffering men. | Yet every house was thrown open, and every hand was ready to aid in alleviating their pains. For the most part they asked but for wine or water, for the loss of blood creates thirst, and the fatigues of the day must have been great from the length of the battle and the extent of ground to fight over. Many of the soldiers were naked to the waist, their coats having been torn to pieces in the bayonet and hand-to-hand fight, and their shirts torn up to staunch their blood. All were | covered with dust, and had their clothes, more or less torn. Both officers and men, and presented, even in the absence of blood-stained clothes, the most pitable appearance. But all who were not suffering, had stamped upon their countenances that quiet, determined look which soldiers acquire in battle, and which is called in the French army the "professional air." ii i i iii THE ZOUAVES. i The following description of the Zouaves 1 ?the most effioient portion of the French c army?is taken from the report of Capt. G. j B. McClellan, who was one of the United States military officers at the seat of war in Edrope "in 1855, to collect information on J military subjects:? 1 The dress of the Zouaves is of the Arab 1 pattern; the cap is a loose fez, or skull-cap, * of a scarlet felt, with a tassel; a turban is worn over this in full dress; a cloth vest 1 and loose jacket, which leave the neck un- 1 encumbered by collar, stock, or cravat, cov- ' er the upper portion of the body, and al- 1 low free movement of the arms; the scarlet 1 pants are loose oriental pattern, and are tuck- 1 ed under garters like those of the Foot Ri- ] fles of the Guard; the overcoat is a loose cloak, with a hood; the Chasseurs wear a similar one. The men say that this dress 1 is the most convenint possible, and prefer it ! i - ? IU duy ucuci. The Zouaves are all Frenoh; they are se- 1 lected from amoDgst the old campaigners for ' their fine physique and tried courage and ! have certainly proved that they are what their appearance would indicate?the most ] reckless, self-reliant and complete infantry ( that Europe can produce. With his graceful dress, soldierly-bearing, and vigilant at- 1 titude, the Zouave at an outpost is the beauideal of a soldier. They neglect no opportunities of adding to their personal comforts; j if their is a stream in the vicinity, the par- i ty marching on picket is sure to be supplied i with fishing rods, &o. If any thing is to i be had, the Zouaves are quite certain to < obtain it. < Their movements are thd most light and graceful I have ever seen; the stride is long ! but the foot seems scarcely to touch the ground, and the march is apparently made without effort or fatigue. The steps of the Foot Rifles is shorter and quicker, and not so easy and graceful. The impression produced by the appearance of these two crops is very different; the Rifles look like active, energetic little fellows, who would find their best field as skirmishers ; but the Zouaves have combined with all the activity and energy of the others, that solid ensemble and reckless daredevil individuality which would render them alike formidable when attaokidg in a mass or in defending a position in the most desperate hand to hand encounter. Of all the troops that I have ever seen, 1 should esteem it the greatest honor to assist in defeating the Zouaves. TnE Wab Feeling in Germany.?A correspondent of the Cork Reporter, wri. a a . <? Y ift / ft. n . i ting under date 01 J une 13, irom Stuttgart, pays: Passing in Southern Germany, amongst the little kingdoms and principalities and dukedoms, I find the tone and temper of all classes greatly changed; while on the Rhine, people content themselves with caricatures of the French Emperor; here all are for immediate war. "Why not march at once, take Paris, burn it, and annihilate it utterly?the hot-bed of all European disturbance?" say they. In Stuttgart, the widows of the printshops are filled with pictures of the brave deeds and battles of the Wurtembergers in the last war against the French. War songs appear daily in the papers, calling cn the Germans once more to rise and defend the fatherland from the Po to the Rhine. Old Arndt, the famous writer of as soul-stirring war songs as ever were written, has now in his old age, after long silence, written one more, which appears beautifully engraved, with a border ofoannons, banners, soldiers and horses, in every window of the sixty shops where books were sold. On Monday next, the Wurtembergersare to march to the neighborhood of Heilbronn, where they are to be encamped. For the last week the mothers, sisters and aunts of the officers have been hard at work scraping old linen intoJint for the wounds that their relatives soon hope to receive. In the windows of the ironmongers are displayed field cookery apparatus for officers. I fear that evil will come of this hatred of the French by South Germany. It was only yesterday, on the news that the Prussian Government had mobilized six corps d'armce, that one of the newspapers here wrote thus: "God be thanked, Germany is at last abont to draw the sword which has too long remained in ( the scabbard." Here nothing is known of what is going on in Italy?no telegraphic despatches are published in the newspapers ( ?all is Austrian. The fact is, these small ( German States seem to dread the diminu- ; tion ofAustrians preponderance in the Bund, ( and fear absorption into Prussia. ] In Bavaria, too, the feeling in quite the | same as here. The Bavarian corps is to be | near Forcheim, on the French frontier, while ] the Prussians, it is said, will be posted to j the West of the Rhine, in the Prussian j Rhine province. This, the South German i ttt.H nroront ttiA Fronrth frnm papcia uucwij mil |/*v? v?w ~? , sending their entire strength to Lombardy, and thus be a good help to the Anstrians. ( To give the Anstrians their due, they are, indeed, fine, soldierly looking fellows, and I am sure can fight well; but I don't think they have the dash of the French. Mobilization.?The readers of the cur- , rent news of the day frequently hear this term applied to the Prussian Army. A * French military journal explains the meaning of the word as follows: The army of , Prussia is said to be mobilized when the ( numbers of the landwehr (or militia) of the | first levy are called into service in connexion j with each division of the regular army, and \ as each division consists generally of 24,000 or 25,000 men, it is at once doubled by the process of mobilization. The regiments thus mobilized do not leave their military 1 districts until orders are given to that effect, 1 in consequence of future dispositions. By i the term "mobilization," therefore, nothing i more is meant than a simple summons of the i landwehr of the first levy, to muster into the ! anks at their first military poets, where they lold themselves subject to farther orders in sonnexion with the regular army.? Ft7. Herald. Table op Distances.?The followiug ables of distances in English miles will be Interesting to all readers in following the eports of the war movements, and will serve x> test the accuracy of different maps: * Turin to Paris, 350 miles; to Vienna, 450 miles; to Milan, 81 miles; to Parma, 135 miles; to Florence, 200 miles; to Vercelli, ll miles; to Mortara, 55 miles. Aleaan* dria to Vercelli, 80 miles; to Noma, 38 miles; to Milan, 47 miles; to Mortara, 24 miles: to Pavia 33 miles : to Voehen. 20 miles; to Genoa, 87 miles. French Official Report of Solferino?By the arrival of the Weser, we have the French official of the battle of Solferino. [t contains nothing heretofore unpublished, 3ave the acknowledgment that the attack was 30 unexpected by the Allies as to amount almost to a surprise. The Frenoh loss in the battle was 12,720, the Sardinian loss 5,520, and the Austrian loss is estimated at between 12,000 and 15,000. The Allies captured 6,000 prisoners, 30 cannon, 4 colors, and a great number of ammunition wagons. Executed.?The Newberry Conaervatist informs us that Fanny, the woman that administered the poison to Mrs. Stewart's family was executed on Friday last. The woman made a confession before she went to execution. Her object was to kill no one else but Mrs. Stewart for the reason that she intended to visit her summer residence, taking Fanny with her. The first dose of arsenic furnished her was aooidently destroyed dy falling into the fire. The second was furnished to poison her mistress the,. next morning, by putting it in her chocolate,j&e being the only one of the family who<drank this beverage. Having mixed the liaison with the single dipper of water' with which she intented making the chocolate, she was . called oat of the kitchen. Mrs. WHkes the housekeeDer entered in her absence and. as , t * / she supposed, pat the dipper into the backet withoat throwing oat the water in it, and took a drink, thos accounting for the greater virulence of her case than the others.? Fanny upon her return to the kitchen, saw the dipper in the bucket, and supposed the poison had been thrown away, and proceeded in her preparations for breakfast, taking all the water she used from this bucket full, which had been impregnated from the dipP?. ^ ? # A Disgraceful Act.?The Weekly Mirror, published at Lyons, Iowa, states that a stranger passing through Keokuk, a short time since, had a child to die at that place. When he came to pay his bill, be found he had not money enough by $11, which be promised to send back as soon as hie*should reach Burlington; bot the landlord iqauted upon retaining the dead \ody of the child as security, which he did. The father went to Burlington, obtained the necessary funds, and returned to redeem the body of the child, which, in the meantime, had beep buried! He paid the bill, had the body disinterred, \ and started for home, but had not reaohed the river, when he was stopped by a police officer, and eight dollars demanded for bury ing the child. Finding himself under arrest and unable to proceed, ho paid over the amonnt and escaped by the first boat that left the city. Snch an inhuman act-is a lasting disgrace to the city of Keoltak and its officers. How to Avoid the Danger of Lightning.?Daring thunder storms, persona in houses should sit or lie in some place aa far distant as possible from the chimney and the most exposed parts of the wall. The middle of the room, if it is large, is the safest locality. Sailors on 4he tea should keep as far from the masts as possible, and tarmers in the fields should never seek shelter under trees. Horizontal strokes of lightning sometimes take place, and several persons have been struck while sitting at an open wiodow daring thunder storms. Every window of a room in which persons are sitting, in such cases, should be closed; a flash of the flnid, which would pass through an open window into an apartment, will be conducted down through the floor and wall to the earth, if the window is shut. Freaks of Lightning.?A correspondent of the Winnsboro' Register says that at Campbell's Mills in Fairfield District on Friday last, during a thunder shower* a wagon belongiug to "Mr. W. Dixon, of Kershaw, being at the Mil!, was standing within five feet of the Mill door, with the Mules attached. The front wheel was struck by lightning, which tore off the tire, throwing it some ten feet, without injuring the wheel in any other way, or doing any damage to the Mules. Nor did it cause the slightest shock to three negTos, who were standing within fifteen feet of the wagon at the time the tire was torn off. Charles Sumner Again.?A cotemporary, evidently an ardent admirer of the Massachusetts Senator, - thus rejoices at the happy effects produced upon his shocked Bystem by eminent surgeons in Europe: "We are pleased to learn that Hon. Charles Sumner is recovering. He is in Paris, where he had his spinal marrow taken out, scraped, soaked in oil and replaced, his muscular membranes operated upon, his nerves taken out, aired and replaced, and is in a fair way of recovery. He will resume his Senatorial duties, he says." How the Rheumatism Affectej> Well, Patrick, asked the doctor, bow dCyou feel to-day? Och, doctor, Je&jyl enjoy very poor health entirely. The rheumatics is very distressing, iadade; when I go to slape, I lay awake All night, and my toes is swelled as .big as a goose hen's eggs, so whin