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Scraps & Jfacts. The daily war expenses of France are estimated at 3,000,000 francs, of Austria at 1,200,000 florins, or each about $600,000. George Raymond has arrived in Cleveland, Ohio, all the way from Salt Lake, via Cherry Creek Mines and Kansas, having come the entire distance driving a span of elks before a wagon. Mr. Raymond says he traveled as far as a hundred miles iu a ingle day. The Alexandria Gazette says: The Home and Tomb of Washington will soon pass into the possession of the Ladies' Mount Vernon Association. Various repairs of the premises will be commenced to-day, under the superintendence of Colenel Charles S. Price, of this place. The carpenter's tools imported from England by General Wash ington, during his life time, have been preserved, and will, in all probability, be used now in making the contemplated repairs. At the fourth of July celebration in Ironton, Missouri, Capt. John Hall one of Marion's men, was present. lie was a native of North Carolina, and will be 99 years of age, oil the 21st of September next. He supports himself by making brooms and baskets, and bas never received a pension, though he fought gallantly during the Revolutionary war and distinguished himself at the battle of Guilford Court House, N. C-, March 15, 1781, where he was lieutenant of a company. The Charleston Courier announces the death of Hon. J. Bond I'On. In spcakjpg of his public services, the Courier says ; "Conspicuous among his varied services- to the State, was his legislative career. For many years he was President of our State Senate, and the manner in which he discharged his duties therein, has left a model for a presiding officer, and a striking illustration of a true conception "of representative obligations. He was a member of the Convention, which, in 1832, put the State upon her Sovereignty, and passed the ordinance of Nullification." The English Baptists have addressed * to their brethren in America a protest against slavery. The English Baptists are a very good sort of people, and quite right in thinking that freedom is better than slavery; but this is one of the questions that they really know very little about, and the less they say about it the better it will undoubtedly be. It will take this generation of English Baptists, and of all other Englishmen, to reduce their own social evils to such moderation as will justify them in speaking oth erwise than very tenderly of ours.;?Providence (i? /.) Journal. _?What a devil of a giant Wendell Phillips is! He threatens to "take the State of Mississippi by the nape of its neck, and shake every decrepid white man out of it, and give it into the hands of the slave that now tills it, and make America to represent the ideal to which our fathers "consecrated it." Edmond Quincy is "some pumpios" too?he hopes "to live to see the time?and that, too, without living to be an octogenarian, like his father?vhen, if a United States Judge dares to disobey the law of Massachusetts, he will he taken from the bench and set to honest work in the penitentiary, and the United States defed to take him out."?Boston Post. An eminent French statistician states that the land and nav;d forces of the European armies number 2,800,000 sound, picked men, in the prime of their productive strength. The annual outlay required to keep up their armies and the material of war is over 8400,000,000, not including the value of land or buildings occupied by fortifications, arsenals, hospitals, foundries, schools, &c., moderately estimated at 83,800,000, on which, at four per cent, interest, the yearly expense is more than 8150,000,000. To this add the value of the labor which these ' men would productively perform, which a- : mounts to more than 8156,000,000, and we have an annual war expense paid by Euro- i pean producers of nearly 8800,000,00(). ! At the battle of Salferioo, the spectacTfe was presented, very unusual in our times, of two Emperors commanding their respective armies and directing in person their operations. But not only was this pe- j , culiarly exhibited, but they were surrounded I by all the distinguished military talent of I their different empires. This was more par- j ticularly the case with the Austrian Empe- j ror. Besides the Field Marshal, Hess, the young Emperor was supported in this his first real ordeal of battle by Marshal Count VTiwpffen, commanding the first corps d'armee; by his uncle, the Archduke Albert, ex-governor general of Hungary; by the general of cavalry, Count Schlick ; the successor of the disgraced Gyulai; by Zebel and j Stadion, and Benedek; by the Prince de , Lichtenstein and the Baron Reischach. Among the many lighter passages of. the war with which the Parisians amuse j themselves, we find in the Sport the story ' of the capture of a detachment of Austrian?, ' who were taken prisouers by the engineer j of the railway. It appears that the Austri- j ans were en route for Pesehiera to reinforce ! General Urban, when the engineer, whose sympathies were naturally on the Italian side, ''switched ofi," and cenveyed the Teutonic heroes into the middle of the allied camp. Here they were politely escorted from the rail-way carriages by the French soldiers, who, with that amiable politeness for which the Daiion is distinguished, saluted their enemies with '-All those who are going to n /*a trill nlnoon olt u n nrxi now V Thn fool. ings of the AustriaDs, at boding themselves i taken prisoners in so ignoble a manner, may j be imagined, but not described. Oar exohnuges announce the death of' Hon. Rufus Choate, o;' Massachusetts, at: Halifax. Ilis fame and standing as a law- j yer and advocate was uot, perhaps, surpassed by any living member of his profession.? He served in the Legislature of bis own : State in both the Senate and Lower House, I and subsequently, iu 18*14, was elected to ; the National House of Representatives, lie , deciiued a re-election, and for the next eight' yours devoted himself assiduously to his pro-1 fessiou. In 1S41, he was scut to the United ' States Senate by the Legislature of Massa- j cbusetts, as the successor of Mr. Webster, i who had entered the Cabinet of President [ Harrison. At the close of bis term he re- j tired to private life, and up almost to the , day of his death was actively engaged in his j professional labors. In all respects, he was ; one of the master-minds of the country?a ' profound lawyer, an eloquent advocate, a reflective aud wisely judging statesman, and ' withal a high-toned, courteous and upright, gentleman. IIHilMWIIIIIimWM? Cjre jjorfebille (jftitqwrer. | ' EDITED BT SAMIi W. TVTRXjTOX. YORK VILLE, S. C. THURSDAY MORNING, JULY 21, 1859. Special Notice.?-AH communications, on matten>connected with thp paper, should be addressed to "THE YORKville Enquirer and not the Editor or Proprietor, personally. Pentons desiring prompt attention to their favors, must War this in mind. ,. Capt. D. D. moore, mt\j. mti.es smith, SaM'L G. Brown, J. L. Thomson and Samuel J. Kuykendal of York; and William D. COOK, of Bennettsville, are authorized agents of the enquirer. RELIGIOUS SERVICES FOR SUNDAY, JULY 24th. Methodist Churen. Rev. L. A. JonssTON, Pastor. _ Service at 10 A. M., and 7* P. M. Associate Reformed Church. Rev. R. Lathan, Pastor. Service at 10 A. M., and 4? P. M. " WHOlSTHE HEIR?" THE Proprietor of the YORKVILLE ENQUIRER proposes to answer this question (which, by ibe way, concerns every man and woman In the country) by the publication of a" spirited ORIGINAL NOUVELETTE, written expressly for the Enquirer by a talented young writer of this State. This Story, which, wherever "it is read, will I produce a sensation, is entitled, "WHO IS THE HEIR | Or, The Dark Mystery of the Deserted House." BY WILLIE LIGHTIIEART, Author of "Lula Woodsworth," "Winnie and Willie," "The Children of the Sun," "Old Heads and Young Hearts," Ac., Ac. The publication will commence with tho FIRST WEEK IN AUGUST, and continue through the ensuing three months, mifoidlnga plot replete with stirring incidents, dark and mysterious developments, with n strange and startling denoument. The Proprietor, willingto encourage Southern Literature by practical means, has paid a round price for this production, and hopes that a generons public patronage will remunerate his outlay and thus encourage, by the only method possible, the development cf home-talent. In addition to this, several contributors of known ability are constantly engaged for the enquirer. In every number, letters of correspondence appear from different sections. The brilliant and witty "RUBY" writes regularly. Our promisingyoung poet, j. WOOD DAVIDSON, contributes every other week. A lady of Columbia, who is well known in newspaper literature, but whose name we are not at liberty to disclose, has been permanently engaged for our columns, and will write short and brilliant sketches for ench number. In addition to those, we receive constant supplies from Rev. J. W. KELLY. J. FOREST GOWAN, W. W. EAST, Mrs. M. W. STRATTON, 'PUNCH," "A. H. L." "X. Y. Z?" who, with our own strict and careful nttention to current affairs, make up a weekly melange which, the proprietor believes, will interest read<"0 of every class and should attract the patronage of our people. THE ENQUIRER is published in Yorkvllle, S. C.. at $2, in advance. Clubs of ten, S15, and an extra paper to the person making up the club. Send for it immediately, so as to get the first number of "WHO IS THE HEIR ?" All letters should be addressed to the "ENQUIRER." Yorkville, S, C. LEWIS M. GRIST, Proprietor. SAM'L W. MELTON, Editor. ABSENT I The editor is absent. Gone to "some vast wilderness." LIGHTNING I See the card of Mr. S. R. Hawley in another column. This is the season for accidents from lightning, and a good opportunity is now presented to our people, to guard against its effects. Mr. Hawlet has erected, within the past two years, many lightning rods in our Town and District, and so far as we have heard, he has given entire satisfaction. * KEV. 8. L. WATSON. In to-day's issuo will be found another communication from Rev. S. L. Watson, on the subject of temperance. Mr. Watson is a temperate, sensible and judicious writer, and even those who do not agree with him, are disposed to treat his opinions with respect. It gives us pleasure to learn that the articles which have heretofore appeared in the Enquirer from his pen, have accomplished much good for the cause in this District. Long may be continue in the good work. * HOT! From almost every section of the District, the i cry comes of drouth and hot weather. Unless : there is general rains within a week or ten days, < the corn crop on up-land will be almost a total i failure. Many persons inform us that the prospect is but little better than during the memorable 1 summer of 1845. In our office on Mondny last, i the mercury in the shade, xnged, during the day, i from ninety to one hundred and two degrees. i P. S.?On Tuesday, our town aud vicinity wa9 favored with a good shower, and we learn that a 1 few other sections have been similarly blessed. * ] SONS OP TEMPERANCE. The following persons have been elected officers of York and Bttrshcln Divisions, for the current quarter: York, No. 26.?John J. Smith, 11". V; George Williams, IU A.: A. S Jefferys, R. S.; J. E. 1 Smith, A. R. S. : J. R. Schorb, F. S.; T. H. ] Smith, T. ; C. R. Moore, C.: T. F. Ashcraft, ; .4. C.; Frarklin Garvin, /. S- ; W. P. Hobbs, , O. S. ; W. P. McFadden. P. ir. P. Betnhtba, No. 3.?J. R. McKnigbt, IF". P. ; ' J. E. Burns, IF. A. ; W. R. Davis. It. S.; W. j A iXnmu .1 t? <? W M Oaldwell. F. S. ; A. , Burns T. ; R. G. Brown, C. ; H. 0. Thomas- 1 son, A. C.; W. E. Dover, I. S.; W. S. Rhea, 0. S.; J. R. S. Meek, P. ir. P. 1 MERK-MESTION. Col. Z. P. Herxdo.v of Columbia, formerly of UnioD, died at Glenn's Springs, on Tuesday morning of last week. The Carolinian says: "Col. Herndon eutered political life about the year 1830, and identified himself with the Nullification party, and in that year was chosen a ^ delegate to the anti-Tariff Convention, and at the State elections of 1832, was returned a member of the House of Representatives. He has served his District (Union) in the Legislature for three or four terms, being last elected in 1844, since which time he declined to be a candidate.? In 1846 he was a candidate for Congress, and although he headed the ticket in his own District, he was defeated in the Congressional District." RoBE'-t Hawthorn, reports to the RcyisUr, that Fairfield has a population of :!l,8o4. The population, under the ^nited States Census of ' 1850, was: whites 7.008; slaves and free negroes "4,387, rnakiLg a total of 21.4U4. Increase in nine years 45b. Mr. Hawthorn 1:. found two negroes in Fairfield, one i f whom was 11. and the other 113 years of age, both of whom are wales, and pear to be in good health and of sound mind. There is no white person over 00 years of age. On Tuesday, the 5th of July, 1 thero wa? frost in Stafford county Vi., slightly ' injuring the tobacco. The citizens of Tenueshave ?ubscrihe<i three hundred thousand dollars ' towards the proposed new University of the ' South. The London Xetra says that Kossctii 1 arrived at Genoa on the 22-1 ult., and was receiv- |1 ed with great enthusiasm by the Hungarians : 1 there. One of our exchanges says a hill is pending in one of the western legislatures to empower wo- {' men to make contracts. They should by all means ' be authorized to contract?they have btenexpan- ' ding too much. A correspondent of the Kingstrce Star nominates John A. Ixglis, Esq., of ' Cheraw as one eminently qualified to give satisfaction, and to fill the office of Chancellor, with [ ' distinguished ability. The Baltimore Clip- J1 per says that Capt. William Wilmot of Mary-!' land, was the last man killed in the Revolutionary j 1 War. He was killed by a British foraging party '' in a skirmish on John's I-latid. South Carolina, ; ' November 14th, 1782. The Lancaster L"l- 11 yer tells about a new Division of the Sons of Tem- I perance, having been recently instituted in that ; ' District. It is styled "Oak Hill" Division. !' The Savannah Rrpuhlican says that the U. S. 1 Steamer Marion, has captured three slavers on the ] coast of Africa. The Eible Society of Sump- j i ter, as we learn from ;he Watch,nun, have appoint- j t ed the following delegates to the Bible Conven- j i tionat Yorkville on the 2d prcx.: W. E. Dick, j < W. F. B. Haynsworth, J. S. Richardson, Jr., G. S. Doschamp9, J. D. Blanding, J. N. Corbett, II. L. Darr, D. J. Winn, J. II. Dingle, A. A. Gilbert, i An election for Sheriff was held in Char- J leston last week, which resulted in the choice of W. B. Dingle, Esq. The vote stood, W. B. Dingle,1,639; G. F. Kinlock, 912; R'. W. Seymour, 831; L. G. E. Rush, 283; J. R. Hormey, 114. Sixty shares in the Charlotte & S. C. Rail Road, were sold at Charlotte, on Tuesday of last week, at figures ranging from $71 to $72 per share. One of the passengers in the late disaster upon the Michigan Southern railroad, settled with the Companj* for the loss of his wife and child for $500. A correspondent of the Guardian nominates R. B. Boylston, Esq., of Winnsboro,' for the vacant Chancellorship. Maj. F. W. Capers of the Citadel Academy was recently elected Superintendent of the Georgia Military Tno?;tn?o TTn him however, declined the post. Great efforts are being made to get Roger A. Pa yob, formerly editor of the Richmond South, but more recently of the Washington Staler, to become the Democratic candidate for the scat in Congress, made vacant by the death of Hon. W. 0. Goode, of Virginia. He, however, declines. The New York Tribune announces that Hon. Daniel E. Sickles has become reconciled to his wife, and now lives with her, "thus estranging many who were his devoted friends during the late trial." A young Swedish singer, Mademoiselle Andree, is mating a great sensation at Stockholm, and promises it would seem, ;o be another Jenny Lind. Private letters from the continent state that the American officers, who had been permitted by the U. States to go to the seat of war, in order to gain military insight into war tactics, by observation of the contending powers, have been refused passports to travel thither. They consequently returned to England to await further diplomatic consideration of the matter and causes of objections. These raited States officers bnd been enjoined, by their government, to remain strictly neutral, and to act as lookers on. It is said that Jefferson Davis is preparing a bill to bring forward during the nex : session of Congress, to repeal the laws against the slave trade. For the Yorkvllte Enquirer. COMMENCEMENT AT WOFFORD COLLEGE. Mr. Editor:?I have been away from th e city more than a week. One night in Columbia., and then t?:o at my Fish Dam home in lower Union, and then on to Spartanburg, in sight of the Blue Ridge. I did not see yon or any others from the Scotch-Irish country, save pastor Johnson, and Landy Woods' brother-in-law and his lady, from the Indian Land region, at whose home is the fountain, the source, the spring of much that is of good report in this present life. May they live forever! Why should not the men and women of York, visit their Spartan neighbors? Od such occasions as the recent Commencements, mutuaf and friendly intercourse would be of good service in many respects. But the roads are bad, the j river to cross, the weather hot, and you have literary institutions of your own tc look after, and many, possibly, take no great interest in such things. 0, I beg pardon! Maj. Wallaci: was there, and his presence should not be ignored.? Others may have been there, but I did not take note of them, or have forgo :ten them, for I can't see every body among the many hundreds, not to say thousands, who annually crowd the hotels and private residences of the hospitable denizens of *1 '' rt r\ f flm vw?n illo. t 11C rising UIIU IUUUCIHUII \.VUUt V. ..... y..j- j trict. I Jo believe there were some from every district in the State, and many from the neighbor-1 ing counties of North Carolina, and a few from Flordia, Georgia, and Virginia. We had Governor Gist with us, who, like all other good church-men, felt that the educational enterprises of his own denomination shonld have his countenance and favor. Ex-Mayor Tradewell, of Columbia, and family, were also in attendance. As the son of a Methodist preacher, he also was on hand to aid the j interest and profit of the occasion. He too, being ; a worthy member of the same Chnrch, out of i which his father went to the home of the just and j the gpo4. I like for children thus to honor their I parents. He delivered the literary address on j Tuesday. He discussed government and consti-1 tutior.s in a thorough, able and eloquent manner. | His address will be published and you may see it ! for yourself. Dr. Smith preached the Commencement Sermon on Sunday, in the Chapel of WotTord College. Eviss of the Express, characterises the discourse i n a handsome style, and I adopt all ho nays.? j The Doctor was eloquent as always, but stronger, j more direct, and authoritative than usual; but ust as it should have been, and will not soon be | 'orgotten. Dr. Cnoss, President of the Female College, ' jreached at night in the largt Methodist Church, j ivhich was packed and crammed below and above, j md for an hour and a half, he enchanted his adniring audience with as much argument and eloquence us was ever heard on female education, in :he same space of time. He too, u-as against novel 'tailing Mr. John Holmes, of N. C.?son of Rev. John Holmes, well known among your readers?was he orator of the literary societies which bear the wmss 01 i.ainoun nna rresion, wuien is un mai:atio? that denominational Colleges will not fail :o be patriotic. Tbeir uames are superior and anions in letters as well as in statesmanship, and he students and graduates of Wofford, will strive :o emulate the stern virtues aud splendid achievenents of their chosen patrons. Young Holmes lid himself much credit, both on this occasion, ind in bis graduating spoech on Wednesday.? Sorth Carolina was essentially strong in th 'gradulting class this year. Miller aud Web her, of Shelby, and Mr. Staffohd, of Rutherford county, foung Miller's subject was, "Be Something md when alluding to the legal profession, he iaid hat Mr. Wfbstkr, wlien asked if it was not crowled. answered, "Yes, crowded below, but plenty of oom on deckFor first class passengers space ibundunt. What say the young lawyers in your oarts aud elsewhere ? Webber's snhject was "The triumphsof Mind," ind his address indicated a well drilled mind and rreat sympathy with the moral and spiritual aspirations of renewed and truth-guided souls. They (fill both be heard from again, without fail. The 'oriner is a son of Dr. W. J. T. Miller, well inown in yourcommunity, and the latter is grand>on of my old friend of Lincolnton, the strong'aced, Iri^h preacher, Samuel Lander, the father >f lion. William Lander, an able lawyer and prominent politician in the Old North State. Young Staffobo worked his way through col-1 ege in a most noble and comraeudablo manner. [Iiscalm temper and pure character, and thorough ' icbolarship, did ample justice to the judgment )f those who advised and promoted his College :ourse. His speech was eminently suggestive ind impressive. The subject was, "The heir of ill the ages." He magnified the advantages and resources of the scholar and the Christian, "upon irhom the ends of the world have come." He has joue already to work as a teacher; and others too, resides him, have readily sought employment and ntend tn work out their destiny after a manful ind heroic fashion. This is good ; and I am sorry that so few of our poung men and women cf education are willing :o teach. We are wrong in this thing, and if we would do as the true conditions of patriotism and mduriog success in the higher objects of life would suggest, we would soon do away with the i necessity of such letters as Mr. Memminoer re- i cently felt called upon to write to the Editor of the ] Winnsboro' paper. Was not his saying "that we , had as well go to Florida or New Orleans for our ice," as to depend on the South for our educators, a little tnrtt For the public schools in Charles- , ton, his labors are arduous, and his motives are , sound, and I am willing that posterity should be assured that his plans are wise, by the fulfilment of all his hopes. The graduating class consisted of fourteen young men, mature in mind and body?not a boy among them. All, I think, over twenty, and most from twenty-two to twenty-five. Odo thing pleased me very much; that is, the presence and intense interest of the parents of the graduates.? Three venerable men sat near me, and while their sods wore speaking, i listened at the sons, bnt looked at their sires; and could but sympathize with the marked solicitude and subsequent joy noticeable in the varied expressions of their countenances. To see them smile and then weep, as some noble, touching sentiment was uttered, was to me, very refreshing. Mr. Humbkbt, of Laurens?the son of a local preacher?delivered the Salulalorict in Latin.? He did it well, without hesitancy, and, as some said, without a blunder. ITis delivery was distinct and natural, and if you could have seen the speaking face of the Professor of Languages?a very Roman himself, a Scotch-Irish one at that; you would have felt that the whole performance was alike accurate and highly successful. Bnt when the brave young student of languages had got through the form*, and turned to welcome the audience in their own vernacular, home bred and solid English, the effort was a relief full of refreshment, and many said or thought thus:? "Well, I was thinking your name had better have Jbecn Hum-bug than Hum-bert, bnt n w you redeem yourself." Mr. Editor, what thini you of a Latin speech, on such an occasion? Speak out! But the crowning event came at the close, about 2 o'clock, p. m. Salutatories. (music from your Sax-Horn band) orations, bestowing diplomas and valedictories all over, two of the graduates pressed through the crowd in the rear of the platform and placed a table with something very solid and handsome thereon. Then another member of the class modestly approached, and in an earnest but very becoming address, presented Drs. Wioutman and Smith each, with a splendid Bible. They were deeply moved. Dr. W. first replied, and if ever such an oocasion was fittingly improved, this was the time; and when he grasped the hand of young Kiso, and through him bade the students a weeping adieu, there was soarcely a dry eye in the house. Governor, Generals, Editor*, and bravo men and fair women, all gave vent to their emotions in an unmistakeahla manner. Dr. 8mitii. also replied in a few appropriate remarks. The former goes to the Presidency of the j Greensljoro' University, Ala. The other to the Presidency of the Columbia Female College. Rev. A. M. SniPP, D. D., late of the North Carolina | University, fills Dr. W's., place at Wofford, and Dr. D. S. Doogett of Virginia, formerly Editor of the Quarterly (M. E. C. S.,) has been elecfod to fill the chair of English Literature vacated by Dr. Smith. We all regret these changes, but those coming in nre worthy and well tried, and the course of Wofford will be onward surely. "Ruby"?an alumni?was there, fresh, refulgent, and gallant as ever. J. W. K. For tho Yorkville Enquirer. COMNEXCEIIENT AT DAVIDSON COLLEGE. This College, as All know, thrived its name from General Davidson of Revolutionary fame, whose remains sleep on the banks of the Catawba, not far from tho College. It was founded in the year 1837, and is under the supervisory control of the Presbyteries of Concord and Fayetteville, of N. C., and Bethel, of S. C.. The first class was graduated in 1840. It has given the degree of Bachelor of Arts to nbout two hundred and twenty young men, and has furnished to the Presbyterian Church forty ministers, besides some yet in course of Theological preparation. It now has five Professors, besides the President, Rev. D. Lact, D. D. The standard of scholarship is very high. Only one applicant in ten can enter as high as the Sophomore class, and not a few are unable to rise, ami hence must either remain a second year in the same class, or i go elsewhere as many do. No student can remain in College whose conduct is not very coramenda- i ble, and whose diligence and perseverance is not marked. The morals of the College will compare 1 favorably with any other Denominational College, 1 and are in wide contrast with those of many State Colleges and Universities. The College has, in its history, enjoyed three ' revivals of Religion, in which more than sixty young men have been converted and added to the ' Church. From one third to one-half of the stu- 1 dents are always professed Christians, and hence ' it is, that so few occasions ever arise for the enforcement of the rigid and perfect discipline under which the College is controlled. During the last year, more than a hundred students have been connected with the College. The late Commencement Exercises, coveiing the 12th, 18th and 14th instant, have some items of ' l interest. The Board of Trustees on that occasion, accepted the resignation of Maj. D. H. Hill, i Professor of Mathematics and Civil Engineering, ' and elected to fill his chair, Captain C. P Kings- J bcby, of Richmond, Va. The Professor elect, is a ( native of North Carolina?a graduate of West i Point, N. Y.?is about forty years of age?a ripe 1 scholar?an author?and of extensive reputation ] fus an eminently competent and practical Mathe- i matician. His acceptance is tolerably sure, and 1 it is h^ped that he will immediately enter upon his duties. The Trustees learned with satisfaction, that the 1 capacious building, now in process of erection, at 1 a cost of seventy thousand dollars, will be in readi- ' ncss for the occupancy of students for the next session. They coof-rred the degree of A. B. on thirteen young men, who had finished the proscribed College course, and that of A. M. upon Jno. T. IIamiy, now of Tennessee : and D. C. i Ramsodr, of Statcsville, N. C.?both graduates UI 11119 iiiautuuuu, There were delivered on the occasion, one sermon and fourteen speeches. Rev. R. L. Dab.vet, D. D., Prof, of Theology in Union Theological Seminary, Ya., preached the Annual Sermon, from Prov. XI: 2. His subject was, "Humility of mind the means and accessory J to wisdom." The reputation of the speaker for , having a clear, well disciplined, logical and sarcastic mind, was well sustained in this effort.? 1 Whii'-t. in our judgment, it had more of the traits J and peculiarities of a Theological dissertatibn than a Gospel Sermon, yet it was listened to with j the profoundest attention, and left many well-defined ideas and propositions upon the minds of the , hearers. Before such presentations of truth, i Theological errors and isms, in all their protean forms, are fated to wither and disappear. Of the speeches of Wednesday, we will only i designate and characterize tiro. The students 1 who represented their respective Societies, we can J truly say, nobly performed their parts. We would , make no invidious comparisons, and hence do not individualize. We were glad to see iho practical, i argumentative and historical styles of composition ! prevalent among the students, rather than the ' ornamental, the poetic and bombastic, that were j ? realities of life and the minds of the people, and a conscientious and successful discharge of professional duties, will soon reveal to all, (except telf-inflated and superficial minds) that it is not bigh-sounding words, rounded periods, and superabundant figures and tropes, but thought, argument and clearness of style, that give excellence and power to a written production or speech.? But to return from this digression. The Annual Oration was delivere.d by Hon. Wm. Eaton, of Warrenton, N. C. In a plain, common-sense, judicious manner, he discussed "ThaDangers that Heem to beset our Government." It would be well if the people could hear or read all that was said upon the corruptions of Congress, the deceptive charaotor of our popular harangues in our political canvassings, prostituted literature, imperfection of education, and other elements of weakness, which Mr. E. regarded as sources of danger to our country. There was an earnestness in the manner of the speaker which almost made one forget the absence of eloquence and oratory. Whilst the speech showed much familiarity with the subject, and much political sagacity and research, yet wo think it practically lacked an essential element, viz: appropriateness to the occasion. This was a Literary festival, and hence the address should have been more Literary and less Political! This is the great error practiced in thi" and other Colleges, and is attributable either to the fact that men of competent Literary taste and acquirements are not elected to discharge the duty, or the Orators selected, misapprehend the object before them. We do not intend to imply that the speech under notice was more than ordinarily defective in the respect indicated, bnt simply make the observation to be applied in general. The Anniversary Address before the Eumenean Society wab delivered in the afternoon by Rev. A. A. James, of Union District. We need not stop to inform your readers, Mr. Editor, with what credit to himself and acceptability to others, ho would meet the occasion. The man who can preach such Sermons and make such Temperance Addresses as Mr. James does, could not fail, to make a superior and well-timed speech before such an andience as he addressed. On Thursday morning (14th instant) after a private meeting of the "Association of the Alumni of Davidson College," the Address was delivered by J. Chancellor Chambers, Esq., of Yorkville. His theme was. "The Origin and Causes of Civilization, and some of the duties of the scholar touching it." For forty minutes, the crowded assemblage hung with wrapt attention upon the lips of the speaker, as he developed historically, argumentatively and practically, the very appropriate subject. We having known Mr. C. in College days, and having high expectations as to his performance, do candidly say, we were more than gratified with the speech. To show the appreciation of the effort on the part of the AJvmni. we need onlv add that ft was unanimous ly "Resolved that the thanks of the Association be returned to Mr. C., and a copy of the speech be requested for publication." As it is to be given to the public, wc need say no more, for it is, in any event, presumptuous in us to attempt a eulogy of either the talents, taste or acquirements of the man who can make such a speech as did J. C. C. P. B. McLarniN, Esq., of Bennettsville, is the Orator elect for next year. The Graduating Class, only seven of whom spoke on Thursday, gave many proofs of scholarly proficiency and preparation for the more active duties of life. The speeches were composed with a degree of clearness, united with a solidity of sentiment not often found in College performances and their delivery was just as remarkable as their compositions. There were some true orators among them. The entire class of thirteen are members of the Church, and more than half have already decided to consecrate themselves to the ministry of the Gospel. What College should not be proud of such fruits; and what parents should hesitate to send their sons to such an Institution as this, which so educates the minds, hearts and morals of her students? The prospects for the next session are encouraging. More than a dozen applications were made for admission into College during the Commencement ; only two of whom failed in examination. As the most of the applicants are admitted at the beginning of the Collegiate year, it is inferred that there may be an unusually large accession to the number of students next Fall. Our apology, Mr. Editor, Tor extending this sketch (so full of marks of baste,) is contained in the proposition that Davidson College has claims on your columns, because, besides eleven natives of York District, who have been Graduated at this Institution, and have gone to distant fields of labor (and some to eternity) there are now living ind laboring, in their respective callings, in York District, thirteen of the Alumni of Davidson College. The efficiency of their work, value of their labors, and importance of their citizenship, is more easily and properly determined by you, than AN ALUMNUS. York District, S. C., July 15th, 1859. For the Yorkvllle Enquirer. SONS OF TEMPERANCE. A pious and benevolent Quaker being applied to 'or aid in erecting a church, replied: "Thee knows that my principles forbid me to aid in putting up steeple bouses." But hesitating a moment, he added, "the old one must be taken out of the way, and I will give thee one hundred dollars to aid in pulling it down." To remove rubbish is as necessary as to labor on the building, and the object of this communication, Mr. Editor, is to remove obstacles which hinder some from laboring successfully in the great cause of Temperance. Objections are brought against the Sons of Temperance, as reasons for not co-operating with them, some of which have no fouudatinn in reality, anil others are greatly magnified. Those who wish to do their duty in this matter, will be glad to obtain help in removing darkness from their paths ; while those whose difficulties originate in a love for intoxicating drinks, will reject any proffered aid, preferring the darkness to the light. My object is not to write a eulogy on the Sons, or even to offer an apology, but simply to present them in their true character, at least, as they appear to my mind. No person will presume to say that the Order of the Sons is perfect. This does not belong to the works of man. Even if it were, it would not appear so to us, seen, as it must be, through the mist of our ignorance, with our imperfect vision, and through a medium clouded by our various prejudices. Probably, it does not present precisely the same aspect to any two individuals, for the obvious reason that no two persons have the same amount of light. No two are placed in the same circumstances, or occupy the same stand point. Wo can never then, devise any institution to promote temperance, which will meet the wishes of all; we must, therefore, be satisfied with something short of perfection if wo associate with others in this cause. Possibly, I might devise a plan of union which would be perfectly satisfactory to myself, but, to meet the views and wishes of others, it would have to be so modified that, in the end, I might be compelled to reject it. With a knowledge of such difficulties, I find the Sons already organized and engaged in the work. In this section and at the present time, they are the only organization laboring to banish intoxicating drinks from society. I look upon tfce temperance reform as a great and good work. One in which 1 have been laboring, aud in which I expect yet to labor, but I do not wish to labor aloue, but to be * \ co-worker with others. Can I co operate with 'he Sont ? This question I must decide for myself. Every christian, every sober man, and every pa- J triot, should decide it in view of the responaibili- ^ ty resting upon him. A careful examination will be necessary. What object do the Sons profess to have in view, j is an organized body ? What end do they seek to iccomplish ? This they publish to the world. It j s no secret. The constitution of one of their Di- ! risions is before me, and in the Preamble, it is itated "That the object of the Society is to shield j .aciiisulves from the evils of Iqteaperanoe, to af ford mutual assistance in case of sickness and to elevate their character as men." And to secure this end, they "pledge themselves not to make, buy, sell, or use as a beverage any intoxicating liquors." The great end then of this organiza lion is not the conversion of sinners?not to point men the way to Heaven and to fit them for a residence there?f^r these high purposes, the Church ; was instituted?but it is the suppression of intern- j perance. The object whieh they have in view, is i to make Total Abstinence universally prevalent," i that they and their children may lead quiet and | pcaceablo lives, be able to live soberly and righteously?secure against all the evil growing out of the use of strong drink. This is the end which the Sons have in view, an 1 it is the only end; one unquestionably praiseworthy in itself and to be approved by every Christian and by every patriot. As far as the object is concerned which they have in view, as an organization, I approve of it, and _? ??,i 1 i aui nun lucui uvnn mm uttuu. But the end may be desirable, and yet the 1 means used to secure it may not be proper in \ themselves. We reject the doctrine, that the end j sanctifies the means. Let us examine what the i means are by which the Sons endeavor to accom- < plish the end they have in view. As far as has come to my knowledge, they use the same nipans i as other Temperance Associations. They are pledged to Total Abstinence. They endeavor to i banish it from the land as the only security to ; themselves and others. Not by physical force, but i by moral and intellectual influence, spreading the light of truth abroad by the press, by speeches, presenting examples of sobriety, pointing out the evils of intoxicating drink on man, individually and collectively, physically, mentally, morally, thus prevailing on many to abandon forever the pernicious beverage, and as evidence of the determination, to sign the pledge. But, in the use of means, the largest liberty is allowed to individuals in their private capacity.? Each is permitted to follow his own course, provided he keep in view the great end to be attained, and labor for it efficiently. If he has riches, he muBt not invest them in strong drink. If a wellstored mind, he must draw on its rich treasures to build up the cause of Temperance. If he have interest at the court of Heaven and can avail by the prayer of Faith, he must use it for his own security, to make successful every effort, and so ensure to the cause a lasting triumph. Such are the means used openly and in view of the world. They are all proper in themselves and cannot be gainsayed. Looking at the end to be attained, tbey are emphatically most appropriate. And they only art appropriate. I write it advisedly. After looking at remedies devised to prevent intemperance, as far as has come to my knowledge, from the beginning, I see none which furnished a perfect safeguard, because none included Total Abstinence. But looking at the means now proposed and now used?including the pledge?in their adaptation to banish intemperance from the world, and in their practical operation for maDy years, I am compelled to say the means are not only appropriate, Duttnat tney aione oniyare soon. Total Abstinence as a remedy against intemperance, may be considered as the product of Religion?the effect of its light and purity. It contains the very essence of Bible principles and clearly points out our duty as it regards intoxicating drinks. Even the possession of true piety did not keep men from occasional intoxication, so long aB they allowed themselves habitually to use strong drink. This is proved both from Scrip ture and observation. Not to their final exclusion from Heaven, but to be followed by sore repentance, humiliation of soul and deep abasement, and a renewed application to the blood of sprinkling. It is true in their case, when this sin abounded, grace did much more abound. But it is not proper for us to say, because such were received in the days of ignorance, now, when we have more light, let us indulge in this sin that grace may abonnd. The times of this ignorance God winked at, but now commandcth all men every where to repent. Under the old system of drinking, one of two things was necessary for the wellbeing of the pious. Either large measures of grace must be given to bring them to repentance for occasional indulgenco, or a standing miracle mast be in operation to counteract the legitimate effect of drink on men "but partially sanctified. But a wise Providence has given us a remedy in the. Pledge, which, when strictly observed, will secure the christian against the agonies of penitence for indulgence in drink, and the impenitent from the indiscribable woes of a drunkards life and a .1 1 1~ T uruu&urus ucmu. x appjvic, lucrciuic, ui mc means used by the Sons for the attainment of the great end they have in view. My reason sanctions them. They have stood the test of experience. They are approved by the letter and spirit- of the oracles of God. Bui many find a uifficuty which keeps them from co-operating with the Sons, h the fact that they have secrets?transact business with closed doors, &c. I confess that a different arrangement would be 'more agreeable to my views and feelings. I have strong prejudices against mere forms and ceremonies. But the point to be decided is not about the propriety or impropriety of these things, but do they present obstacles sufficiently great to exclude me from working with the Order. After a careful examination, I think they do not, for the following reasons: 1st. Those are not used directly as means for promoting Temperance, but indirectly, as they are deemed necessary for the permanent maintenance of the Order. Other Societies have sprung up, flourished and died, thus endangering the cause of Temperance. It was desirable to pro- , vidtf against such a contingency, and if possible, organize a Society which would be in its existence J commensurate with the evil to be overcome. It was for this purpose, no doubt, that the peculiar- 1 ities which distinguish the 8ons of Temperance, J and which were objected to by many, were fixed upon and are now retained. Not as means for the suppressiou of Intemperance, but as appendages < needed to perpetuate the organization. Viewing them in this light, I see no reason why I should 1 refrain from co-operating with then. ' 2d. Secrecy, as connected with the Sons, has 1 been greatly magnified. It is really a small af- ; fair as an objection. Every college in the land? : even those which are denominational?have secret ^ societies connected with them, and every stadent 1 and all the Professors, and the educated men of the country generally, belong to them, and some ! probably to a half dozen, und yet not a word is said against them. These are secret societies 1 precisely in the same sense that the Sons are.? ! "In object not in kind, the difference lies." The 1 object of the one is to advance Literature and ] Science, that of the -other to advance the cause of ! Total Abstinence. Why such discrimination ? It ! can. only be accounted for on the supposition that J prejudice is the source of objection in this case, 1 or opposition to the cause advocated by the Sons. J In keeping a secret, there can be nothing wrong ' necessarily. It depends very much on the nature ' of the thing concealed, and the circumstances connected with it. It wonld be for the good of society if many things now spread abroad could have been concealed in the recess of the heart. Every one has secrets, or should have; every family, every society, and why may not the Sons? What should be divulged and what not, is a matter of expediency which each mast determine for themselves. In my estimation, they may deride wrong, yet it is their prerogative to judge. It is also the right of all societies to say whether their deliberations shall be boforo the public or with closed doors. In the exercise of this right they may err, but they must determine for themselves in view of ail the circumstances. The Senate of the United States often deliberate with closed doors and bind each member to secrecy. They . suppose the interest of the country requires such | a policy ; and the Sons imagine that the prosper- j ity of their Order will be better secured by such arrangements. The question for me to decide is not whether this feature is the most wise which could have been adopted, but is it, in itself, sufficient to hold mo back from co-operating with them in their efforts to rid the world of the evils growing out of the use of stimulating drinks?? j I think it is not. 3d. The Sons have associated together for a specified object, viz: the suppression of Intern perance. Not for the promotion of science or the spread of Religion, or even for the diffusion of morality in general. These are all very important, and no doubt, the Sons, as individuals, or in other associations, will be found ready to meet their obligations in these particulars. But in their associated capacity as Sons, they have limited themselves to one specific evil. This is only adopting the principle of the division of labor, the practical influence of which has wrought such wonders I in our day. The man of all work is proverbially J good at none. But follow the order of nature j and give each one his place and his work, and j 8 much will be done. We see theoffectin artandsci- | ( ence; in education, and in all ttie departments ot r human labor. It is practically exemplified in . ' (hose great national Institutions which are doing ' bo much for the good of man; each limiting itself j to a specific object. In this feature of Temperance I Societies there is nothing new?nothing wrong. It does not interfere with the church or religion, J any more than the appointment of tt city police. 1 May I not exercise a proper discretion and use j v means outside of the church to protect myself J from the evils of the vender of alcohol, as well as ; a from the assasin or robber? In every relation wc i ? may labor against vice in all its forms. If a man v be willing to spend his money or time in making c good roads And bridges, he should not be blamed f for this, because he may refuse to aid in building r churchea. No man objects to rail road companies 1 jecause they do not ptiYe the streets. If men, vho advocate temperance do not set their face * gainst every vice ; if they do not aid in spreading :he principles of piety, it is to be regretted; but it s gratifiying to see them doing & part of their luty, especially one so important as driving al ohol from society, an evil which will take nany in its train?which above all others lies in be way of human progress, whose banishment 'rom the world should be followed with a prolongsd Hosanna from all the good of earth and responied to with a loud Amen from all the hosts of angels. Because then they do not labor with equal :eal to suppress other vices, and do not as individuals perform all their duty, I will not keep jack from co-operating with them. For any departure from the specific object, whether scientific, political or religious, would be a violation of a principle of the Order and a certain prelude to its lissolution. 4th. We may form a correct opinion of things un snown 10 us, oy me ettect which they have upon those who are conversant with them. Thus I judge all secret societies. The tree is known by its fruits, and so far as the Sons belong to this class, let them stand or fall by the same test.? Did I wish to-form a correct opinion of a mechanic, I would not deem it essential to examine his workshop, or carefully to inspect the tools of his craft, but would rather inspect bis work and thus judge of his ability and skill. So in the present case, if yon cannot see ail that is done in the Division room, you can see the work achieved. If the effect on the members be good?if it be good on society at large, the tree must be good, for an evil tree cannot bring forth good fruit From this test I presume the Sons will not shrink. To their opponents they might be disposed to say, for which of our good works do yon stone ns ? Is it because we have pledged ourselves to sobriety?? Or is it because we endeavor to reclaim the Intemperate? Is it because we raise our voice against dramshops, distilleries and all traffic in intoxicating drinks! Or is it because we would remove the corse of drunkenness from the cbnrch and from the world ? These things will not be brought np as ground of opposition, and yet such are the objects which the Sons have in view. Instead then of opposition, co-operate with them. Encourage them with an approving smile in their arduous labors. A great and good work bas been accomplished. Much was done before the Sons were organized ; much is doing now by those not in union with them. But in this work now, theyare the principal organized laborers and there is ranch yet to be done?aid them as you may be able. This work will bo finished. The reign of alcohol will end. If we labor as we have ability and opportunity, it will be well. We will have our reward. If We refuse, to own our Master we must give our account. Total Abstinence from all that Intoxicates will finally prevail. This cause must triumph, or the hopes and expectations of- the world will be disappointed?it must triumph, or all the pro gresa or art and science is a failure. They could never better the condition of a community of inebriates whose only aspirations would be for strong drink. It must triumph, or all the teaching and predictions of the scriptures will be a lie, for they tell us of peace, prosperity and blessedness on earth, and of a Heaven of holiness and happiness above. But strong drink in all its forms and associations presents us only with ignorance, shame and sin on earth, and points as to misery and despair, to death and hell hereafter. But the hopes of men will not be disappointed. The word of God has been tried, it will not fail. The cause of Temperance will succeed for the geod of men, to the honor of Religiou, and for the glory of God.? "Let us, then, not be weary in well doing, for in due season we shall reap if we faint not." W. FEMALE COLLEGE, <JtC. We take the following paragraph from the correspondence of the Due West Telescope: It is from thepen of Rev. H. T. Sloas of Abbeville: Having next an engagement at York ville, where I had consented to perform a part in their Annual Commencement exercises, early on Tuesday afternoon, tee (for I was not alone now) found ourselves at the Yorkville Depot with many others who had sought the same destination. There, we were met by a number of relatives and friends whom we had never seen before, and the Rev. Monroe Anderson, the very gentlemanly and accomplished President of the Yorkville Female College. Suffice it to say that hospitality and kindness was all that could have been desired and more than could have been expected. This Institution has been recently established under the joint patronage of two Presbyteries, one 0!i School and one Associate Reformed Presbyterian, is manned bv UTI aK1? nn<t nflS/.innt' nnma nf Tn. stridors, assisted by a Board of Trustees, and has about ninety young ladies in attendance. The College edifice is large and well arranged, with a Chapel which will almost compare with 'Lindsay Hall." The young Ladies board in private families; but by a law of the College, they are not allowed on any occasion to accept of an escort. A single offence affects the standing. A most wise and wholesome provision which should obtain in every Femalo Institution. It was our privilege to attend on a portion of the examination, which was thorough and well adapted to exhibit the ability of Instructors and proficiency of pupils. The Anniversary Sermon was preached on Wednesday night to a large audinence. On Thursday the graduating class, consisting of seventeen in number, read their compositions which were both well composed and tcell read. They would certainly compare favorably with the graduating speeches of a similar class of young men. Diplomas were "dven with a very chaste and appropriate Baccalauerate by the President. A Bible was presented on behalf of the class to the President, by a young gentleman of the Military Institution in a most handsome Address ; also a silver Tea-set to another Professor by the same. The Anniversary Address was by Rev. Mr. Gregg of Sumpter, which was a very substantial, instructive and excellent thing, worthy of the occasion and the man. The Concert given by the young Ladies, assisted by their very excellent Music Professor, was pronounced, by those capable of judging, a grand affair. Even my unmusical ear anjoyed it very much indeed. lorkville is a beautiful Tillage, with. a most quiBt, sober and intelligent citizenship, and certainly affords the best water out side of the Mountains. The different Denominations are well represented both in churches and Preachers. There is also a flourishing Military school located there, which is in successful operation, with about one hundred and thirty Cadets. They are well drilled n military tactics, so far as we were capable of judging. Taking all in all, Yorkville is a lovely place, and her Female College every way worthy )f the patronage of an intelligent publio. We mow of no place, that we would commend more iheerfully. Rock Hill. Arkansas.?Dr. W. B. Barron, formerly of York District, has been appointed to a Land Agency in Arkansas. Persons haviug business requiring his attention, can address him, at Cherryvilie, Prairie Honntv. Arkansas. Temperance Celebration.?The Committees aro busily engaged fo making nrrrangements for the jelebration of the 27tb inst., and seem to be heartily seconded by our villagers and neighbors out )f the "Order." It is suggested by a friend at mrelbow, that "Masic" is an important element to give spirit to the occasion, and we agree with jim. Besides, as we see that "Master Roberts' Ebony Sax-Horn Band" are now engaged in givng Concerts in Spartanburg, Union, &c., should jot an endeavor be made to secure their services )r that of some other. Proff. Weiss, the accorammplished Teacher, is n liberal gentleman, and sre doubt not would lend his services, should suitajle arrangements be made, not to conflict with jis other engagements. No harm to try Weiss or Hunter, of the Bethel Band, who are also efficient Vom many teachings of the same Professor. Lit is have music, gentlemen, of yon can. Saddle ,j- Harness Manufactory.?Attached to :he Carriage and Buggy establishment of Pk. M. 5err & Co., we find that Mr. J. C. Payne, of Iforkvilio, is fitting up a shop wherein to carry m a branch of his bnsiuess. The concern will )e under the management of Mr. Miles Johnson, \ workman not to be surpassed either in the itrength. neatne?s or durability of his work. Xctc Church.?There is a large brick Church to >e -.rected in Yorkville. on the old Davidson lot, ipposite the Court House. Over S10.00J has been ilready subscribed, we learn. York is never belind in spirit or liberality. We congratulate our riends on these evidences of successful labor.? 3er churches and schools will challenge companion with any other District in the State. Sons of Malta.?A Lodge of the Order of the Jons of Malta will be instituted at Rock Hill, durng the sitting of the Grand Division of Sons of temperance, probably on the 28th inst.?Indian jand Chronicle. Threatextmj Aspect of ocr Affairs with Jexico.?We have been favored with a private etter to one of our most respected fellow citizens, rbich seems to portend a speedy rupture with ilexico. The letter was written on the 8d instant, .t Minatitlan, Tehnantepec, where the United Jtates Minister, Mr. McLane, was then paying a rieit to the United States Consul, Mr. Alien, and onveys the intelligence that our Minister had hiled to come to any proper and creditable arrangement with the Juarez Government, as he had ailed to obtain just satisfaction from that of