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IELD HERALD-EXTRA. VALUE AND USES OF [Ectracts from letter from Dur. Josepit LeCntc, Proi essor f'( 'hi \tr:. University of Soutl Carolina, on ihe Coimpairaive t.e). th j Farmer oj' Cotton eed Cake, as comparuIIIled with, the: Nedci f'ow w.iI / it was made.] As MANUatE.-VOry iitll()11n an 'Irtirflly 'oindI itetled eXpei.i monts in England and Germany piove that oil vake staiils v'ery high as a Imiature, whether applied by itself' or in combinmtio'n with other manuros. It is adapted to all kinds of crops, sineo it, contains all the intgredients necesariy to the growth of, plants; mid especially since it contains in large quantity of' those mo',st nec essary ingredients, nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash. The oil in the seed and inl the oil caeo contributes nothing to its OeliCacy as m1ianiure. Oin the contrary, it is ratlier a lilraIe, since It rotairds decay. It follown, therefore, that the cake is greattly tiporior to the seed, and that the more thoroughly pressed the cake is the better. Oil cake is (froi the large quantity of nitrogonous matter anid the ease with which it decomilposos) essentially a stimiulating iaiurle, like Pruviian Guano. The following table gives the value of rape soud cako as compared with other valuoid manures. Cotton seed cake is still richer, both bocause the coLLon seed is more nitro genoun, and because the cotton need cake is free [roi hull. 1 cwt. rape sood oil cake, equal to 18.20 Cwt. stablo dung. 1i ow t. rapo sood oil cako, equal to 1 cwt. bone dust. 3 cwt. rapo seed oil cake, equal to I cwt. good Peruvian Gulnano. Thero can be no doubt that the relativo value of cotton seed cake is groater tham indicated by this tablo. As PItOVENDERt.-As a iflsh producer, and therofore as food for growing or for laboring animals, oil cake is probably superior to the grains. According to the experiments of Jawes, the distinguished En'1g lish Agriculturist, the manure derived from stock varies iiineisely inl value according to the naturo of the food oi which the stoe'k is fed. The manure of stock fed on cotton seed cake stands first on his list, being more than thirty times as valuable as the namiure from an equal weight of' turnips, amd four times moro valuable thaim the manure derived fromi an equal weight of' I iudian corni. The iollowing is Mr. Lawes' tatlo, showing the actual gold value of the manure derived from 1 ton (2,000 lbs.) of' diflerent foods: Cotton sood cako, (hullod,) 627 86; rape sood cake, $21 01; lin sood cako,.$19 72; malt dust, $18 21; lentils, $16 51; linsoud, $16 05; tares, $15 75; beans, $15 75; peas, $13 38; locust beans, $4 81; oats, 87 40; wheat, *7 08; Indian corn, 66 65 ; malt, $ 65; barley, $6 ;2; clover hay, 69 64; meadow hay, 96 43 ; oats straw, $2 90 ; wheat straw, 82 68 ; barley straw, 62 25 ; potatoes, $1 50; mangolds, $1 07 ; swedish turnips, 91.; common tuIripsi, 86e. carrots,.86c. Their-actual values are of' course only correct for England, but the relative values ar.e of' universal application ; and, Im this reason, this table deserves to be studied by every farmen. The relativo values soems to be closely connected witl' the amount of' nitrogenous inatter contained in the food. It is quito possible that this indirect method o1' using the cotton secd cake as manuro may prove most profitable to the itnm er. If' so, the use of cotton seed iimay largely replace the use of corni in stock feeding. CoNcI/sIONs.-Tho great valuo of cotton seed, as manure for corn, is well known to every fiarmer. Its value, also, as iprovenlder, when stock Will eat it, is also well known. .N ow, there can be no doubt that for both these purposes the oil cako is greatly supo rior to the sed. As manure, it decomposes readily, and may be A applied to all kinds of' crops, alone or in combination with other ertilizers. As fbod, it is eaten readily by stock, and is easily digestible. 1 believe that a given quantity of' seed hulled and pressed into cako, though greatly diminished in weight, will go arther, both as manuirc and as provonder, than the seed fiom Which it was pressed. J OS. L EC OYTE, M.I.. Extract from the Columbia Phwnix of September 21. CoTToN SEE Oi , CAKE.-As a matter of' interest to mammy of' our readers, we ro publish the i'ollowing article from the A %ssiiio'i Democrat, of J aluayl' 9, 1857. The figures in it are, of course, gold valuos. lortofore, our farmors have only been able to use cotton sood as a mamuro, for which it is undoubtedly good, as, indeed, corn or wheat, or any other grain, would bo; but it does not follow from that,, that using it as manure is not a very great waste. The kernel of the seed is a highly organized and ext remnely rich animalfood. When the pianter uses it as Imaure, he attempts to feed a vegetable upon it, o1 to make plant food of' it. To accomlish this, the scou must be deconmposed ; and it en be d-on-e in tw o ways; first, .by r'otting it ini his mat turo pile, andi~ second, by feedinmg it to his stock, wh'los e digestive organs assimilate it, and its decomposition in the blood is the life, wam umth and sti'eiigth of' the aninmal. As soon as this dlecomlpositionI within his mu!scles has reduced the soed from the highly organiized condition on' COTTON SEED CAKE. anlimlal fo6od to the. lower one of phmnt, flood, Lthe animall system I iscl:-ges i, (in-Iit 41 wit II all tIhI Ie secrtLions of I he body, aind it goes 141.1lit thecopostt ieaip i/te 5trmotES/ .dol/c nanure kioltn inl the 1world, betig lour tilmies as v'anIiale ats the iii1tinaire Fromt ctorn, 11t,4l thirty Liities as valhiable as Ihatin. from tn n ips, simply because the kIriel )1 cot tont o1So I is far rich Ie fod than cilher Coril or turn ips. E vid nIIIt ly, thenkii, 10 it se co ttonI seed as Inani no- is to throw away inl tli ewo. a I lie ianiurtt'e pile cheical allinitijies which, if' sitis tiuI wvithuinI the bodyu of :ti anim11a.l, wot ul hlit! I much lif, st rengirtl atn(d work. It Is to throw away the diflerenice inl valuie botweena 1o14uVch phantt. I'M)r[ auwl so ituch animnal food. Nature hast workIed Iot' mt1onths, with sui ait rainn and all the resources of, her labor'It tory, to take the pluit 1iiod with wilie h t't tiler manumiii red his grTOtida inl thle sprogl,:and raise it to the mloro0 highly organmized tnditioni oif ainniitatl iittd; anIld all the chiemiiai atllinities she has thus stored up to be conveted ito aimal heatt, ait lilo and work arte. thrown atway inl the ttiatiure pile, or in the g'rotiid, whehre the seed has to fill back to the cotittioni iin whichi its elements were a seausoni befote. Illeretolre, iowever, this waste coild not be avoided, 6hr thle lint, the hll, and the oil of cotton Seed a11re So distastefid to most. kinds of stock, that, they reftuse to vat it; antd whenI the it ilndt huh m-e r1emnove(, the oil in the kernel Very sooni turn n o1. iaIcid, aiml breds wormiis. Tie cakeo ltado by an oil inill being free folmtt oil. keeps for years, and it will be soon in the tic'0le sitbjOiied, it Is tstinattt IbI'y some11 ais tirtee times as valuit bie ats corn lor sotk Ieeding. It has eveti been proposed as stitable lor breadl. It, is, eitrici alonle or inl i ixed 'ertilizors, a powerfu l meti auare--probably equal to ial its weight of' guatno its deompI iositiot ii thte gr'oltumI being aipid, atid supplyiig a great tilmatiltity of amoitnoIt ia. The oil which the seed has lost is a hydro catrboti, and entirely valueless as iataure. ]it to use oil cake as itaUtiine, (or ratw seed, eithe , where it. is po.asible to get it liilled and pressed,) is atbout, as econtoimical its it would be to iialiure oatts Wi Uit corn, or cornI With 11our. Not tihat cort1 amid 1lour would not, be very good tm1amtn 'cs-or, rather, coild not make good manures -whe they have been chanlged by decotposition frotm aiimal lood to plant ibod, bu1t. decopilisitioni of atiial food is the sou-ce of' all atimal lifi e a1d streigtht, and planters never waste it in the miian-tell(t. pile, or inl the groinii, r 01g ive at bird inl the hand for one inl the bush, or take this year's 1ood as manure for next year's food. WhIby should not, cottot sed, te richtest ainial food which our fields prduce, be treated as the poorer corn and wheat, atid used as nat'tire iitetided it should be by our stock, and save us fr'oi having to pbint cor-i-the iliost expensive tind precarious of all crops? The Columbia Oil Company proposes to offer this lhility to our planters, over this whole State and Georgia, on iost advantageous tertms, paying the freight on the seed, and returning the iltiner the whole of the catko an1d the Value of' one third of the oil itn cash. We aiticiptte for thetm a v'ery large piatroiige. Farmers who desire to avail themselves of the opportunity, should cover their seed jrom the weather, or- send it f'orward a(t once. 011 , UAK.-We ate glad to learn that the attention of our fai'ttrs and feeders seems ait last to be drawn, by the very high prices of hay, grain and fodder, to this most valuablo substitute. 1.1 is at remarkable fitt that only about one-twentieth part of all the oil cake mitauftettired ill the West has heretofore been used inl domestic consmtiiption, the remaining nineteon-twentieths find ing its way to En'liglatiid, who, whilst she is horself the largest manitctuterl in tle world, is also the largest coniumer; aid in addition to her ow i Iroduicts, itmports inimeniis quantitis of cake for the use of hle' farm1ers. Shipped from this city' to England, the Cost. Lhe 16rm1r t1her1e is about three cents per pound ; while her0 it, ner exceds thle half of this sum. Compared with corn, experienced feeders, both inl the old country and this, agree that, One pound of' oil cake is equal to Lthree ponllds of CoIt inl tilttitiolts qualities. Wheat bran has long beon a favorite bed. and outissingault estimates nino pounds of i. to be only equal to teti poutids prii of hay, while the comparative vailue of both is only about otie-tenth of' oil cake. This being the catse, i short, calcuitlion will show that oil Cake at -$30 per toil is as chieapJ for feeding as cornt at $10 por ton, or twenty-five ceits per bushel, while the present actual price of' corn is fr-oimi sixty to sixt-y-five cents per bushel. Againi, oil ce at $30 pr toi is as cheap as wheat banti at 83, the current price of which is frt'om $10 to .12 por totn. Oil cake is undoubtedly tie most conceit triated anid nuiitritious feied inl ulse, and is to all other kinds of' feed what guatno is to the iantures. .lorsoes, cattle and sheep will eat it vith avidity, and thrive ott it w onlderulLilly. It greatly iiproves bite healthy oidi tiont of tle skini, aid gives tle coat a fino sleek lippearnlice, vlile it 1attens rr1idly. To supply of beef cattle in the Un ited Sttes is contantuttg fallitig ofi;, atnd hietnce prices must ritlo high for a long time to comie; antd while oil, cake cian be bought as it catt, for' one-half, atnd ofteni lor' oine-thirid, the prico it will bt'inmg itt Etng a Ind, it is unwvise to suiiet' it to go thtithter to food Br'itisht cattle and wniebl Britishi soil