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THE WEEKLY fgjl CHIOI TIMES. Hooted to ^gritulturc, gortieoliurg, domestic (Economg, polite Jifijraturc, golitits, and the (Current Hems of the gag. VOL. XVII._New Series. UNION C. H., SOUTH CAROLINA, FEBRUARY 19, 1880. NUMBER 7. ANNUAL REPORT OF TIIK County Commissioners UNION COUNTY, 1884 AND 188G. o A full and true transcript from .He Book of the office of the County Commissioners, of ell claims agalnat the county^ examined and approved by the Board during tho fiscal year of 1884 and 1885, as follows : 1886. Aug 11 108...J. L. Swink, Jr., repair. ing Thomson bridge ..$ 15 25 100...Walker,Evans & Cogswell, applies for County Commissioners office.. 0 60 110...J. C. Hunter & Co., supplies for pauper 17 45 111...Louisa Palmer, board orphan child 10 00 Sept 8 112...A. Jackson, removing raft Beaty's bridge 3 00 114...Jas. T. Doug' ass .cash paid for dispatch..... 1 60 116...Vardey Gist, repairs on Gist bridge 1 25 116...C. Gage, cash for office supplies 1 50 117...F.E. Davis,building bridge public highway 6 00 118...David B. Bobo, trial justice constable 12 55 119...Preston B. Bobo, trial justice constable 2 70 120...Warren Barnett, repairing Cedar Bluff bridge... 22 50 121...R. F. Briggs, trial justice constable 3 20 122...R. C. Greer, repairing bridge 6 00 123...T. L. Hemes', cash advanced for work 10 50 124...J. G. Long, dieting prisoners.*. .... 83 30 125... 126...Win. Jefferies, repairs on Dawkins' bridge 85 00 127...L. B. Tucker, repairs on Gist bridge 16 00 128...P. C. Whisenant, trial justice constable 22 00 129...E. C. Vinson, trial justice constable. 8 00 130...E. C. Vinson, trial justice constable 3 00 181...H. A. May, building poor house garden fence........* 3d 00 lo*...r. j. uiTii, ourying pauper 9 00 188...E. C. Vinson, trial justice constable '28 '20 184...Lot Hill, right of way, new road 50 00 135...Allen & Miller, hauling ballot boxes 13 50 186...Wm. Smith, jury c<ynmissioner 17 00 137...Jacob Rice, lumber for poor house 7 55 188...P. C. Whisenant, trial justice constable 22 30 Oct. 13 139...John P.Thomas, post mortem examination 5 00 140...P. B. Bobo, trial justice constable 1 95 141...P. B. Bobo, trial justice consiaoie m coroner 'Z Zo 142...James Turner, trial justice constable 3 05 149...Jac.H.Rodger .supplies for jail 20 76 144...Walker,Etans & Cogswell, blanks,books,etc.,forolerk 12 00 145...Walker,Erans & Cogswell, . seal for school commissioner..../ 5 00 146...Wm. A. Nioholson, lumber for .poor house 3 15 147...D. 8. Lee,repairing Beatty ,, bridge 26 00 148...George Douglass,post mortem examination at inquest 10 00 140...J. B. Foster, trial justice constable 25 16 160...J. H. Wilkins,trial justioo constable - 6 36 161...J. G. Long, dieting prisoners 124 60 162...J. P. Thomas, two post mortem examinations 15 00 163...J. C. Hunter, for bridge lumber 3 42 164...J. S. Crocker, trial justioo constable 63 00 165...N. B. Morgan, on salary.. 160 00 156...I. 8. Gregory,special coroner'soonstabls 7 60 167...Jas. T. Douglass, drawing juries 16 00 166...Henry A. May, ooroner's special constable 2 00 169.. P. C. Whisenant, trial justice oonstabte 20 00 160...B. C. Vinson, trial justioo nonstable 40 85 U A ...fl. Ia. Alt?n AASanaa'e I quest (Prae. Vaughan 16 75 16*2...C. L. Allan, ooronar'a inqueat (Adolpli. Abrnaa)... 20 85 163...C. L. Allan, coroner'a inqnaai (Silas Lomax) 10 00 164...C. L. Allan, ooronar'a inquest (Chaa. MoKlaaiok).. 87 00 165...C. L. Allan, ooronar'a Inquaat (Johnaon Hobaon)... 20 10 166,..P. J. Davis, burying panpar 0 00 167...Patar Farr, whitewashing jail >aaaaaaaaw>a#>SH4i aaasasiNi 12 00 1 168...Waa. 8mUb, drawing jury 14 00 160...W. W. 8catl k Bro., poatingroada 126 87 > * Nov 10 170...M. W. Culp, posl mortem examination and medical attendance to prisoner*.... 08 70 171...Henderson M o J u n kin, board of pauper 18 22 172...M. W. Culp, medical attention to pauper 5 00 173..,Wm. Jsffers, supplies furnished beneficiary 05 01 174...M'ir.. Jeffers, repairs on Thickety bridge 15 00 175...F. II. Counts, express on school commissioner's seal 45 17G...J. O. Long, dieting prisoners 105 10 177...J. U. Long, office 311 00 178...Peter Farr, whitewashing jail 3 00 170...Foster & Wilkins, store (county supplies) 112 38 180...Win. II. S. Harris ] salary 0 25 181...A. E. Fant, supplying pauper 6 00 182...Jacob Rice, lumber for poor house well 2 00 183...M. A. Moore, office for school commissioner 35 00 184...Ben (list, removing raft... 5 00 185...Rico & McLurc, jail supplies '20 25 186...T. J. II. Smith, board of Susie Keonnn 50 00 187...C. L. Allen, coroner's inquest 12 00 188...E. C. Vinson, coroner's constable 2 25 189...r. J. Davis, burying pauper 9 00 190...James Munro, clerk court 101 40 191...Jeff Gregory, trial justice constable 22 90 192...R. Macbeth, sheriff office fees 14 51 193... W m . Smith, repairing bridge 5 00 Not 10 194...E. P. Macomson, ] salary trial justice 18 75 195...II. S. Beaty, post mortem examination 10 00 196...Henry M. Gnult, work on Poor House well 3 86 197...D. II. Miller, building bridge (Fair Forest) 30 00 198...C. B. Dobo, (rial justice sa'ary (annual) 25 00 190...P. C. Whisenant, trial justice constable 4 20 200...J. F. McCluney, post mortern examination 5 00 201...J. II. Fowler, trial justice constable 26 45 202...Tbos. J. Orr, trial juatioe salary and holding inquest 33 50 203...D. Johnson, Sr., trial justice salary, twelve months 100 00. 204...R. M. Stokes, for county printing 54 00 205...Jamae Grant, workoa publie buildings 9 00 206... John D. Jefferies, supplies for county pauper 20 50 208...N. Smith, trial justice constable 05 06 209...Murphy & Smith, poor house physicians 89 00 210...James II. Rodger, cash box for treasurer 9 00 211...J. C. P. Jeter, trial justice salary, twelvemonths 25 00 212...James T. Douglas drawing jury- * 20 00 218...O. A. Kendriclc, (10 mo's) salary as trial justice 20 80 214...James II. Sims, trial justices salary 11 45 216...James II. Sims, trial justice holding inquest 8 50 216...Daniel Black, lime for jail 1 50 217...Jack McKissick, coffin and burial of pauper 5 00 218.. J. O. Rir? Xr C.n nnniu* for beneficiaries 81 23 219...J. T. H. Smith, balange board for beneficiaries 0 85 220...George Douglas, medicine and attention beneficiaries 18 25 221...W. M. Foster, stationery for ssbool commissioner. . 2 70 222 ..R. T. Bailey bridge repairs.... M 4 50 223...James H. Rodger, cooking store for poor house 31 75 Jan. 7 224...John R. Minter, supplies for pauper, C. C. YoUng 6C 00 225...Jos. F. Gist, supplies for treasury office 20 00 226...James T. Douglass, cash advanced bridge repairs 19 00 227...N. B. Morgan, drawing jury 14 CO 228...W. 8. Oregory, supplies for pauper 13 33 229...8pears & Howell, supplies for pauper 30 00 230...Silas Robinson, romoying raft 1 75 231...C, Gage, annual salary as trial justice 100 00 C. Gage, annual salary as olerk board 200 00 232...Geo. C. May, soperinten dent of poor house end supplying paupers..., 845 88 Amouunt of oaah supplies to benefloiariee by the board, not reported abore in thia report, (outside of poor house, 160 38 Total |7,069 02 Respectfully submitted JAMES T. DOUGLASS, Ch'r'n B. C. C. U. C. C. Gtu, Clerk. ThiaintlinewUhoutspaesii. The Denominational Colleges vs- the Booth Carolina College. To the Editor of the Register :?The questions involved in this case aro still under discussion, and the controversy waxes warmer. As a patriot and a friend, if not only higher, but of the highest education, we regard with solicitude the agitation of the subject. It is just one of those questions of State policy on which it is so easy a matter to array tho prejudices of the ignorant against the cause of truth and justice, that the temptation to do so is exceedingly strong. Eveu the most enlightened, patriotic and pious, who arc directly interested in promoting the special interests of the various denominational institutions, are in great danger of allowing themselves to be carried away into selfish and narrowminded views of what pertains to the best interest of the whole commonwealth. And, on the other hand, it is quite probable that somo who are most zealous in their advocacy of the Stato institutions, are at heart enemies to all religious training, and therefore disparage and flout the sectarian colleges from a feeling they would Bhrink from avowing We hold that religious training of the young is indispeusable to sound progress and high civilization, and the denominational colleges constitute, in our opinion, the engineer corps of the militant Christian Church. We would, therefore, rejoico in seeing thorn ail moro heartily cherished and more liberally sustained. So far, the discussion of tho question beforo us seems to have been conducted by special partisans of the respective institutions. But there is a third party deeply J J? ?t- - * ? coucumcu in mc issue, aou our object in writing this article is to indicate that fact, and to express succinctly our individual views?for what little they may bo worth? in regard to the momentous subject. For though we arc ex curia/In the multitude of counsellors there is safety.' We are, though, an humble yet a sincere friend of both the South Carolina College and of the douomiuatioual colleges. Aud we are so because wo are a true and zealous friend to popular education. Wo most ardently wish to.sec tho whole mass of our people morally and intellectually cnlight- ] enod and refined, and we know that this can never be accomplished by any mere common school system, however well devised and lavishly prosecuted. Thcr?? mm? be higher institutions of learning in the land to illustrate the great advantages and exalted power of education,and to inspire the minds and hearts of our pooplo with a due appreciation of intellectual culture,and with the disposition to make all necessary sacrifices to educate their childron. To this end tbero cannot be too many colloges among us. Each acts as a lighthouse beacon, radiating beams of attractive and benignant splendor over its own vicinage, dispelling the gloom of ignorance and guiding aspiring youth into the suro ways of honorable effort and ominent usefulness. Common schools, of themselves, can never beget a desire for knowledge that rises abovj petty purposes and immediato pecuniary results. The desire?tho burning desire?for glorious knowledge must always precede the nobler achievements of scholarship. A little learning is not only a 'dangerous' but a positively evil thing, unless those who are but little learned aro saved from arroganco and presumption by the near view of a greater degreo of education that keeps them aware of their own ignorance. Nor will men generally and voluntarily avail themselves of such advantages as the common schools offer, unless they have beforehand been duly impressed with a lofty desiro for scholastic knowledge by somo institution far above the common school in the character of its work. Tho success of any system of common schools most oertainly depends on the maintenance of a college somewhare in point-blank view. Men are moved to sc. tion much more by' their sentiments than by their opportunities, and mental education is essentially a mattor of voluntary exertion. It can nit bo force 1 on any one. Therefore common schools are tho prog eny, ot the parents, of colleges. But why is it that the special frionds of the denominational colleges object to free tuition in tho South Carolina College? I)o they suppose that their pets could compete successfully with the State institution if it oharged for tuition , as they are obliged to do? It would seem that such is their ?iew of the case; bat aarelj that ia a mistaken notion. No part of a thing can be equal to the whole. And no more does the most numerous and wealthy and religious denomination of the State possess power and wealth equal to that of the whole State. How, then, can any sectarian eollege on* tertain the idea of oompeting successfully, under any eiroumalances, with the State College? And ainee there is obviously no ohaooe of sucoesaful competition, even if tho State College were to charge tuition, why make such n pother about it? The pretext in transparent. It is, at tho same tirno, both shallow aud short-sighted. Wo verily believo that in proportion as the State College elevates the standard of education, and diffuses by its superior influence a desire for higher education throughout tho whole State and 'in the regions beyond,' the denominational colleges will bo benefitted and their numbers large.; ly increased. Has any denominational colloge in the State a smaller number of students at present than it had while the State Collego was suspended ? We are much mistaken if every one of them does not now boast a larger patronago tlnn before. This result is but natural. Monopoly in tho business of education would, if successful, most effectually defeat its own ond. Competition is no le^s the life of learning than it is of trade. The South Carolina College, as a Stato institution, is maintained by the money of tho whole people ; justice, therefore, requires that her doors shall be thrown as wide open as possible to all of her class, the poor as woll ns the rich. That is obviously a most paradoxical, if not a most absurd position taken by the opponents of the Stato College, who in one breath denounce it as a rich man's College, and in the next cla* mor against its free tuition. Free tuition is clearly a groator boon to the poor than to the rich'. It would really seem to be but an unworthy stratagem ou tho part of such persons to make tho College tho odious thing they have unjustly stigmatized it. Yet somo who hold thi9 self-contradictory position towards the College claim to be its f;U>nds. May kind Providonce ever deliver South Carolina's grand old College from tho mischievous fingering of such friends! Kites are unsafe keepers of dovecotes, and the advice of a mortal enemy is to be distrusted. The State authorities should be allowed to manage the State College as they, in their wisdom, may deem best for its prosperity and usefulness. It is devoutly to be hoped that all professors of our sacred religion who may debate this subject in the interests o1' their special institutions, will bo careful to do so in a spirit of candor and fairness that will savo from reproach that cause which should be respected and cherished above all secular interests. Let Christians o( all denominations tcdulou-ly eschew the Jesu* itism that wouldlisc evil moans for tho attainment ot'even laudable ends. Truth and right are things of common interest. It requires a constellation of colleges to produco a galaxy of intellectual light. Each shines tho brighter by the mutual conjunction and reflection of their luminous rays. Calamus. Skilful Cultivation.?Skilful cultivation should be the aim of every one who raises plants and crops. To make gardening and farming profitable, it is necessary to have something in return for every stroko that is made, and for every dollar invested. Even when only a few house plants are cared for, we expect to scs e. ' ^iun?u auu i/iwui iu lupay iur uur carcj II not, our interest in them would soon be lost. We devote an acre of land to a cortain crop; it costs for tha season the interest for a year on the investment made for it besides the expense of preparation, manuring, cultivating, harvesting, marketing, Ac. Our crop is but half what it might be or what good cultivation has proved might be obtained. The time and expenso of preparation, of sowing, and of cultivation bave been as much as for a full crop, and the cost of harvesting and other expenses but little less; bat a part of tho land was toe wet, and the planting could not be done early, as it should havo been, and on the same account tho manuro that was applied. tuougn tbcro was not bair enough of that, could only produce partial effects and so, from these combined causes we get back foi our season's work, perhaps, the exponse and a little more. Tho intorest and expenses wero fifty dollars on the acre, and our returns, all told, amounted to sixty dollars, giving a profit of ten dollars. At this rate per acre on the whole placo, with what it provides for the tablo beside, with great economy, one may, perhaps, live along for a while, and tho land is growing poorer, and the value of tho first investment is lowered ?the placo is running down. But at a littlo more expense in preparation, perhaps ten dollars on the acre, enough to ensure tho best result, making the whole sixty, in stead of fifty dollar*, a* before, and the orop is twioe as groat, and perhaps fatthei enhanced in value bj its suporior quality All of this success, then, is profit?sixtj dollars or more, instead of ten?an amoum that makes prosperity tnd suocost, instead of failure!?- Viclc'i Magazine. This has been the hardest winter Soot land has experienced in twenty years. \ _ Died or .v Broken Heart.?New York, February 10.?Mrs Kate Parker, aged forty-two years, of No. 40i St. Mark's place, entered Captain McCullagh's station-house, nt Fifth street and First avenue, shortly before midnight Monday night and stood for some moments before tho desk pauting for breath. Then ehe began to weep pitcously and informed the sergeant that hor son Paul, sixteen years old, was very wicked. She said that he did not work, but associated with corner ruffiaus and went home drunk every night. 'I would rather bo dead.' said she, 'than endure again what I have passed through theso last six months. My heart is nearly broken. I have done everything for that boy. L'vo been a good mother, and this is my pay.' You spared the rod and spoiled tho child,' said Detective Bisscrt. That's my case exactly,' replied tho woman, wringing her hands. 'I never lifted finger to him. I always allowed him to have his way. Now ho doesn't mind mo, and whon I tell him not to associate with evil companions ho turns on mo liko n savage. Ho thinks I am his cnctny, and his evil associates he belives are his firm friends. I'm afraid to sleep with him in the house. Please let a policeman como with mo to arrest him,' sho coucluded. The feelings of Detective Dissert, who has a family of boys, were touched, and he volunteered to accompany her home. The broken hearted mother thanked him and followed Dissert out of the station-house. She couldn't walk very fast, as sho had worked all day. When she was about to go to sleep, she said, her drunken son entorod the house and disturbed her. She told tho detective as they walked along that with a view to his reformation she bad sent him West, and made an effort to got him good positions, but he returned to tho city And led a dissipated life. When the woman and tho detective had roachcd Seventh street, two blocks from the station-house, Mrs. Parker stopped, nlannrl Knr linnrl nn nrwl /???!?? J .MVUX. MVt UUUV V.J MUI IIVUIV UI1U 'My God, my heart is braken,' tell, and when Detective Dissert stooped to raise her, ho found ftho was dead, lie Summoned assistance and the body was placed on a stretcher and was taken back to the stationhouse, where the police surgeon pronounced her dead. . Sonic one suggested to the detective that . it would bo of no use to arrest the disobedient son, in view of tho circumstances, , but tho detective thought otherwise and and went to the house in St. Mark's place, where ho arrested Paul, who was asleep. When IJissert informed the two other sons and two daughters of their mother's death there was a heartrending scene. The daughters were almost frantic in their grief and Paul was bitterly reproached. There was no no*d of that, however, for ho now realized that his couduct had been the cause of his mother's death. The stout detective had to run to keop up with Paul on the way to the station-house. Tho sons and daughters were following them. In the .station-house Paul throw himself across his mother's body and piteously 1 pleaded for forgiveness. 'Mother, wake up and speak to me!' he ' moaucd. 'I want to confess how wicked 1 I've been and what a good boy I'll be hereafter. I will never cause you any pain again. You won't liava to cry and sit up night3 for mo any more. Oh, mother, look up and speak! Then the other sons a^d daughters en' tcrcd and there was anothor affecting scono. Paul wasn't locked up, as it was thought he nau dccd puuishca enough. ' Paul was taken before Justice Duffy, at : Essex Market, yesterday, where his conduct ' was severely denouccd by the magistrate. An older brother interceded for him, and ' Justice Duffy allowed him to go on hia 1 recognizance until after tho funeral. | Cembnt for Cast Iron.?A corresi poudent of the English Mechanic fays that . ho usod tho following rccipo with the greatest success for tho cementing of iron railling tops, iron gratings to stoves, etc.] ; and with such effect as to resist the blowc of a sledge hammer: Take oqual parts oi , sulphur and whito lead, with about a sixth r\f kaiia w . at- ? a 1 " v> uuiua, luuui jiui jiu iin- wiree so as 10 lorn | one homogeneous mass. Whea go*og t< , apply it, wet it with strong sulphuric aoic i and placo a thin layer of it between th< i two pieces of iron, which should thon hi . pressed together. In five days it will b< perfectly dry, all traces of the cement hav: iog vanished, and the iron will havo th< . appearance of having btOQ welded together r Tbo vroathor has been so severe in Pick 1 ens that trees were split and opossums fro ten. lie sure and make your returns befor the 20th of the present mouth. After tha time the 20 per oeut peoalty will attach; DOMESTIC RECIPES. A Plate of Cake.?The following receipts are sure to bo good. Uegin a scrap book at once for the rules which will be found iu this column, contributed by no experienced cook. All housekeepers nro iovitcd to send tested rccoipts, especially those for various kinds of bread, rolls, muffins, etc., also short rules for cooking meat and fish which will help otherR to make .something healthful and appetizing, for the inevitable three uicals. Sponok Cake.?Three eggs, one cup of sugar, ouo cup of flour, one toaspoonful of cream-tartar, one-half tcospoonful of soda, ono desertspoonful of vinegar. Cream Sponoe Cake.?Heat two eggs in a cup, and fill up the cup with Bwoet cream, ono cup of whilo sugar one and one-half cups of flour, one toaspoonful of cream-tartar, ono half toaspoonful of soda, and flavor with lemon. ItuinoN Cake.?Two and one half cups of sugar, one small cup of butter, four eggs, one cup of sweet milk, two teaspoonfuls of crcaui-tartar, and ono toaspoonful of soda, sifted in two and one-half cups of fl >ur, or three soant cups. Divide the mixture iuto three parts; to one part add one cup of raisins, and onehalf cup of citron, cut Que; spice as you like. Hake in a shallow tin. Flavor tho -.1 :.i- MI. .1- -i Ubiiui ivru fjiiri,?, line will) VHU11;Ity me oilier with lemon. When baked, place the one with fruit between the other two, spreading a thin layer of jelly between them. Frost the wholo, when cool. Chocolate Cake.?One cup of whito sugar, two cups of flour, one-half cup of butter, onc-h.ilf cup of sweet milk, three yolks and one white of an egg, one teaspoonful of creaui tartar, one half teaspoonful of sod i. Bake in three tins. Filling for the same: Beat together ono cup of sugar, the whites of two eggs, and three tablespoonfuls of grated chocolate. Flavor with vanilla, and spread between the cakes while they are slightly warm. Minute Loaf Cake.?Three cups of flour,one and ono<*balf cups of sugar, one -half cup of butter, one cup of milk, one cup of rnisius, one egg, two teaspoonfuls of crea:n tartar, ouo tcaspoonful of soda. Snow-Drift Cake. ? Tho whites of fivo eggs, two cups of sugar, ono-half cup of butter, ouc cup of sweet milk, with onehalf tcaspoonful of soda dissolved iu it; three cups of flour with ouc tospoonful of eream-tartar sifted in it. Add citron if liked. This makes two loaves. Tiik Priority of Lien?A Big Scare-Crow. ?The Lien Law agitation in this Stale since its adoption in 1880 has had an annual paroxysm. The subject of its repeal has excited statesmen in the General Assembly at each annual session since the date named. "What will we do with it? ' was silenced nt the recent session by what is called the "priority law." We propose to show briefly that there need be no lugubriousness on the part of anybody by reason of the recent enactment. The original Act, 18CG, Section 2,397, General Statutes, gave a lien on all crops to secure advances for agricultural purposes; Acts of 1878 '80, General Statutes, gave to the laudlord a "prior and preferred lien" for rent and advances; Act of 18fi'J, Section 2,080, General Statutes, gave the laborer a "prior" lien on all crops raised upon shares or other valuable consideration. Thus stood the Statutes until the legislation of the General Assembly of 188">. The law has been construed uniformly so as to give the landlord his rent and payment for supplies in preference to all other claims on the crops raised on leased lands. The laborer, wherever he has sought a remedy, has had his lien next enforced up the crops, as against any party making advances. Inonecaso at least this construction has boen put upon the Statutes, and the decree hy one of our ablest Circuit Judges, enforced without appeal. Now, if we are right in our view of the law aa it stood when the Legislature recently convened, there has been no "new departure,'' no scintilla of change, and the contortions of certain of the Representatives, who cry out that our agricultural system is to be. revolutioniied, is unwarranted. The recent Act can only be construed as declaratory of the law as it stood, 1 or its introduction, discussion and passage was i intended by its supporters as a decoy to those t who appeared "fatally bent" on repealing the [ whele business. The party making advances | has the same rights and remedies as hitherto afforded. Besides, if the Lien Law is to stand 1 on the Statute Books, it is as it should be.? ' The landlord ought to be secured his rent uoI lees it be resolved that none shall own agriout? tural land except to the extent he can cultivate , with his own hands. The laborer should be 3 secured, unless it is determined that he should be driven from the oountry. In eases where the landlord is a farmer, which implies that he ? and family perform the farm labor, the risk of making advances is not great. Where advances are made to a tenant, as in the case of a non-oocupant landlord, the advanoing party h should look well to the amount of rent claimed. We only proposed the task of showing that there has been no ehange in the Lien Law, with 9 the hope of silenoing the cry of "wolf," that 1 may do harm to tha landlord, tenant and la. borer.?LaureiuvilU lit raid.