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Dqcofqd to ^gqiqttllurq, gorfiqulturq, goiitqstiq (Sgonomg, jBiag. x VOL Xll.?New Series. UNION C. II., SOUTH' CAjpBwWpRlt 1%V'T&81. ' NUMBER 11. fas waiih rvwiK, Our contemporary, the Union Timet, again proffers our canal pooplo its friendly advice.? The Tim;t says it U afraid the schome has been undertaken ou too grand a scale ; tliey had better go back to the old ilolley plan. Along with this our contemporary remarks that the people are tired of puitiug their no>uey into great soaemes which come to grief every time, whilst they are out of pocket. This seems to be quite encouraging talk indeed from one olaiming to he interested in the development vl the industries of the State. Our contemporary also lodges a comparison between the practical advantages of the Charlerton steam mill and the readiness with which it will go to work and the time which it must take to apply the powor here to the mill. Well, We wish our Charleston friends the best success in the world, but we remember they built a in Ckadoeton tefere n^^iKd' Atlanta steam mill has also gone the' way of hutnan flesh. Yet we do not say our Charleston neighbors are doing wrong. They know their own buaineaa beat. "You pay your money and you take your choice*" Again, one swallow don't make a Summer, and there is such a vast difforence in the manner in which mills are constructed using the same power; such a difference in a substantial backln? nf u< . ?). . .l:?r ? - --0 ? wmmm vU???|fllOV, OUVIl rt UIUCIVUVV IU U?C time of construction, the original cost of mill, tho general surroundings of tho case and the men at the fore in the management, that what might be splendid success under one set of circumstances might be a dead failure under another set. It seems to us, looking at it from our best informed standpoint, that there is almost everything in tlie kind of inan who has the management of things. A genius for the conduct of business goes a great way, experience goes a great way, yet in all callings the most inexperienced man sometimes, by the sheer force of his individual character and natural genius, overtops nil others and absolutely blazes out a now way for those who come after him. But this sort of man is not known until he comes, and the best that can be done in such enterprises is to take men of tried business capacity and experience. A first-olass business man is very apt to be a success whenever he consents to act. So far as our manufacturing enterprise is concerned, the men now in charge are first-class business men. Men like W. A. Clarke, George Shields, W. B. Slant ley, T. A. McOrecry. J8. Coles, John C. Scegers and N. B. Barnwell, are known to be solid business men by all who know them. Besides this, they put their own money into the venture and are very apt to know what thev are about. Now, as to the selection of the exact place of cunTirucilirg tue uniu, au., we ao not unucrstntid that it is a foregone conclusion even yet, although the circular indicates the placing of the dnm at the Penitentiary quarry. Yet when the subscriptions are made up we expect to see a first class engineer called in consultation on this matter, if the minds of the stockholders and directors arc not completely satisfied as to the location of the Dam, &c. It may be taken for granted that the dam will go where it is best, in view of the amount on band, the requirements of tho charter and where, all things considered, it will pay best. Now, with reference to the magnitude of the scheme our contemporary is not properly infirmed when he says that this shuts off practical results. The charter under which the pres* ent organiAtion exists requires the development of the water power which he cites as - a useless expense. This, according to the present plan, along with a first class cloth mill of 20,000 spindles, is estimated to cost some $600,000, with 12,000 horse power of water developed and ready to hitch to gear as it may be wanted. The mill, then, will be the cheapest to the spindle of uny in the South and have 12,000 water power besides, worth at the lowest figures $10 per horse per annum, or $120,000 per annum, which amount it requires $3,000,000capitalized at 4 per cent, to yield. So, also, it is estimated ^ that the water power can be developed and a 16,000 spindle yarn mill constructed along with it for $431,000. Mot only litis, there are many other valuable franchises accruing under the charter granted Thompson &Nngle, and now owned by the present organization which are dependent upon the developmcnt of the water power to the extent now undertaken. And these franchises so derived from the State are intrinsically worth more than the cost of the dam and canal all told. The convict labor alone is estimated at $85,000, and very surely the water rights, lands, &c., besides the rights generally secured with reference to the development of 30,000 horse power all told, is # worth not leas than $180,000 more. To leave out all these valuable properties incidental to this water power now under contemplation, and which alone, with the 15,000 horse power dovel* oped, will be worth five times r, bat it will cost niong whii a ciot a null or ZU.OOO spindles and go somewhere up the river to fix up a lillle trick ^ for $100,000, with not a right or a francbiso P Attached, and which would have no possible meaning for the great Industrial development sought in ibis venture, as well for the advance ps^t of fbfl Industrial eoonomles of the State at largo m lb? bolld'ag up of * flue eit/ in the heart of i^e Stof*, yogid he to our wind the eeriest fqpl ? yo^k thtt wee yvpr pcrpptreled, tlf poprsp If lit* 'fpfls/ fe oof reised the gar, pint will hove to be egi apoordiqg I? ib? Pl?lbPut if Cplmuhif, M ? poy poofldeptly hope she qpj, foot! the h|H wUb f IJjQ.QQQ. *io jt ptrely Ipuft that fbs Fe?t gf i))0 State yill puf UP $i6Q,Q00, This fe yogld infinitely prstor f ban to see the ?b?'fl S?QQ,Q0Q lah#o Ijttrp.*Aud ybor t Bspoum v? lb? *'??lf 8me interested ig the enterprise towards a grand fur e itsa rlnwelanmael nnw ewellIwm iKe el ?wnl??wA of $600,000 I nodlb?rp Is nothing *o poaitivaly inslrneting to tbp posit ire fijctt of %bt)sli|aef as actual ownorahip In it, W bavo only to aoo how August* am! Qoiuu|>ua art steadily building on their enterprises, |9 apt what fwaitf thia the grandest one pf ?ll. the] cottoh 019. 0( Its History Narrated by Colonel W. ^ II. Sparks. jJ Events transpiring in a country, which w have operated a material change iu the in-*- in dustrics and the prosperity of its people. c< constitutes, in a great degree, its history. d< These cvouts or discoveries usually transmit T the names of those inventing or discovering b; them to posterity as benefactors of thj hu- b man family, and arc hold in just reverence. t| Tho names of Watt, tho inventor of the T steam engine, of Godfrey, tho inventor of ei the quadrant, of Stevenson and Train, tho oi discoverers of ?ho railroad and the locomo- p1 live, nnd Arkwright, tho inventor of tho e: spinning jenny, and of Whitney, tho invon- di tor of tho cotton gin, with )(orae, the dis- ^ human family. fc All of these inventions are eras in the c< progress of the world, from which will be si dated the commencement of a new am', more a rapid stride to civilization, health and now- fe bet il be remembered that whilst It cost August* not less than a million or dollars to get her 10,000 water power we will get 15,000 at the first dash for some $200,000. Or whilst It cost Augusta not less than $100 to horse power it will cost the Columbia and Lexington Company some $17 per horse power, besides tho east and valuab'e rights and franchises incident thereto.? The "but nt child" argument of tho Timet we know is a eery effective one with most people in anything savoring of a public undertaking. To this argument in this case we would sny your subscriptions are rsked not to a railroad or any scheme the cost of which may not be brought down to almost absolute figures, but to an enterprise which is of a class that has been almost universally successful at the South and upon a scale so far as cost is concerned not only cheaper than such works hitherto have been constructed, but with a very moderate total expenditure in eempatdson with many other enter-'' prises of tho kind. As to the general point made of the "burnt child:" What people on earth ever undertook anything from tho time Noah's ark rested on Ararat without encountering loss nt some period or occasion T It is not the loss encountered in effort which makes us poor indeed, but inaction, suspended effort, rotting en tho ways, waiting for something to turn up. This crying after spilt milk nevrr gathered a drop that was lost since the world begnu ; nor did it furnish more milk that we wot of. Tho only way is to go back to the teat and look for better luok next time.? Col. Register. A Roland ron an Oliver.?Senator Logan has fallen into the habit of pushing himself into the proceedings just before the adjourning hour, and so at about tho usual time he came forward this afternoon, making Mr. Hill's speech the occasion of his doing so. He said he rose merely to call attention to Sheridan's report in which 2,000 names were given of persons murdered in Louisiana after the war, but several Democrats disputing the authority upon which the report was based Logan launched into an otfensivd tirade that soon led to a spiritod give and tuko discussion. Mr. Butler, of South Carolina, had moved to a sent on tho main aisle during this coloquy, and asked Logan if he had ever heard of such organization as the Ku-Klux or Vigilance Committee in Illinois. "Why, no," exclaimed Logan, contemptuously. "Tlion you are as ignorant of what is going on in your own State as you charge Southern Senators with being about tho South. In Charlestown, III., the newspapers report the ex istance of ft vigilance committee which have taken men and women out at night and whipped them and orderod them to leave the country.? Does the Senator consider himself responsible . far thai t - Ji?? ha h?-~1 ?? ?*-- ???i? ? 1 cently insulted two newspaper editors in an Ohio town, for which he was led out of the town with a rope around his neck ? Is the Scnater from Ohio responsible for that T The newspapers tell of recent murders in Maine?is the Senator responsible for them? Is the Senator from Illinois responsible for 121 men shot down in the streets o! Chicago in 1877, or for the Pittsburg riot and the sonsequences ? Vet he tries to hold Southern Senators responsible for outrages committed in tho South under carpet-bag government, which he himself helped to fasten on tho South." Lognn, who had been writhing under this fusilade, broke In with some mumbling extenuations. Mr. Butler stilt kept his feet, not having finished speaking. Presently Logan turned sharply on him, and, claiming the floor, directed him to sit down. 'I will take my seat," Mr. Butler replied, "if the Chair directs me to do so, but not at the dictation or request of the senator from flllnois unless asked to do so in a proper manner." "Well," Logan blurted out, thoroughly vexed, "you niny stand up all night for all 1 care, but you may as well understand that none of that bravado will deter me. "Will the senator permit me to reply t" Mr. Butler interrupted, mildly, "that his bravado has not the slightest influence on me." The discussion then proceeded until Logan's extravagant statement put the Senate in a laughing humor, and he himself was almost ready to agree with Mr. Butler that affidavits could be collected in the South by the cartload at $1 GO each to prove anything.?Senate Proeeedmgi, OtA. .? Superintendentor Immigration.?Columbia, April 0. ?The Board of Agriculture met last night and again to-day. Col. Edward M. Boykin, of Kershaw, was unanimously electad superintendent of immigration, at a salary of $!.800 a year, and was instructed to submit to the board, at a called meeting to be held soon, a soheme in detail for the immediate inducement of immigration into the State. Mahone is not receiving his reward in offices, but lie is in other respects. The other day he was burned in effigy in Athens by the students of the State University. It is also recorded that the Koaljuster Club of Alexandria, Va., "has adopted revolutions denouncing Oen. Mahone as a traitor to the parly and declaring -rr?" y" ? "VFrkhitenino Cuir.dren.?A servantgirl in this city uiaoaged to niako her employers believe that her thefts were committed by their daughter. The child was frightened and confessed overy charge, nntil the parents believed her a confirmed klep toipaoiao, end kept her chained in confinement. It WS>, doubtless, very stupid and wrong on their part) but it calls attention to ope of i |;o greatest difficulties in the education of children. A parent often buspoet* a child of up ojfeusp, apd believe* rjiip guilty of fafsobood bocauso he denies |t, vh?n he is ro?|ly inpooept. Nothing so injures sod oven brutalizes s child ss to hold hiu) guilty when he if pot Hero the parent must use jqftoito tenderness sud charily j sod aborp all tnust so cultivate the oonftdenoe of the child that bo will not be afraid to Gonfess apy offense, do tnust not bo frightened by tho paront into a lie. ~rNeto Ttork Independent ^ w er, and this advance will ever be credited to SI tbo wonderful genius of these men.? m Whence and wherefore the nppearanco and ca the inventions of these wonderful minds ? tli It has been aptly said the exigencies of h; man arc cvjr answered by the inspiration m of God, and that theso are specialties in the c; progress of time, designed by supernatural 01 wisdom for that advancement in the knowl- m edge of man, necessary to his comprehend in sion of that perfection in nature which en- cc ablcd him to comprehend tho wisdom, power II and mercy of the great Creator, which in la all things is but a part of this divine essence, tli However, be this as it may, is 110 part of fu my plan in writing theso crude sketches of tli the early history of Georgia. pr In 171)0 Robert Peel, of England, cam se mcnced in a small way the manufacture of sp cotton goods. The supply of cotton was 111 very limited, and chiefly from the Hritish b( West Indies. The prico of cotton was then ri so high that now it would be considered cx- of orbitant. This arose from tho costliness of id separating the lint from the seed. The in- a* troduction of tho long staple cotton into tli Georgia and South Carolina preceded some cr years that of the green seed or short staple F cotton, and a means had been invented for 111 ginning or taking out the seed of the long th stapled cotton, known as tho roller gin.? gi This was a slow process and ineffectual for le the purposo of taking the lint from the seed |i? of tho short stapled or upland cotton, ns it ar was then termed. The consequence was th there was very little cultivated for market. p< Small patches were planted by thu farmers n< ?just enough for h>mc consumption.? tc When this was to be used the seeds were >] picked oCt with the fingers. There nre si some old enough to remember how this was tc effected in every family. I remember it ni well. In the long winter evenings the p; it_i ? i- 1?i? ? ? umiuicu, wiiiii; nun uiuck, una wmgnca out c! to them one ounce of seed cotton, from which M the seeds were to be taken. These ounces bi wcro spread out before tho fire in the room In of tho house where were assembled the c( family, and in a very large portion of the ej community this was the only loom in the to house. This was dono to heal the cotton ci as the seeds, when tho cotton was warm, a more roadily parted from the lint. As a ai stimulant to active and quick work, a re? w ward of a biscuit or n lump of sugar was a? promised, and tho largest biscuit or lump of si sugar wae for him or her who firs4, complc- ti ted tho task, and tho cotton thus prepared S with the fleece grown on the farm constitu- M ted the fiber from which the entire raiment fi< of the family was fabricated. w Tho commencement of the manufacture I] of cotton in England, and its very remunu- tl rativc price stimulated its growth in the ci South, and tho soparetiug or cleaning the tl liut from the seed in n more rapid and cf- tl fectual manner than by the hand became a y< desiratum. w In 1703 a young man from New England cc came to Savannah to teach in a private futn- si ily, but having been delayed in coming, be- fi( yond the stipulated time for his arrival, his h: place had been filled by another. At that th time there was residing some twelve mile? w above Savannah a gentleman by the name ot of Miller. He was from New England, and tl had married the widow of General Nathan- pi iel Orccno, of revolutionary fumo, and was li< in possession of the Mulberry Grove plan- re tatiou, which had been donated by the State th of Georgia to General Greene in reward for Si his revolutionary servico. * Mr. Miller chanced to moot this youth en iu Savannah being a countryman and with- th out employment, he invited him to tha hos- tli pitalitieu of his homo. It was whilst horo, in and nightly witnessing the picking of the ca seeds from tho cotton by a numerous flock a of juvenile darkies seated around the tire, hi nod as they idled and nodded at thoir work gi was evidence ot fatigue and want of sl??cp, ti his sympathies were awakened for those ut children, and expressed himself as anxious to that 8ouio other means for this purpose could be invented, that should secure them from cr this untimely and fatiguing labor. In this u wish he was joined by Mra. Miller, who was ir at iho time preparing some small rods to be w used iu holding the wieks of tuilow candles, or better known as tallow dips, in the primitivo to days of the State. With the end of onoof bi these sho bent into a sort of hook tho point re end acd taking up a handful of soed cotton fr she pulled with it the lint from the seed.? gi This action suggested to the mind of Whit- it. noy, who was tho youth sojourning at the pr house, the idea of tho cotton gin. 1 will tell tho story as Whitney himself in told it to me and the lata Hopkins HeUey, gi of this Stale, at his own house in Nsw Ha- co veq, Connecticut, iu 1820. sii He said t "I saw at ouco that a cylinder Bi armed with teeth similar to those in ootton no cards and made to re vol vo, would effectually su do the work of separation between lint and pr seed- I wont to bed and thought all night da suoh a machine was a desideratum, and I ng felt I cotdd W*k<> it, and felt, too, if I sue- Ft uiy fortond was uiadc. Karly the |?^fl|y L wcut to work, and for many days VtpKl diligently. My patron was Mrs. fiKr?ho with woman's hopefulness and onttn's faith, visited oic daily, cncourag*nd making suggestions. Finally I >n?letcd a model machine with six cylmot*''?ll nrmed with small wire hooks.? hAe were placed upon n wooden shaft side f pdo, and to ono was attached a crunk anile, by which motion could be given j to ley trtfo attached toothed circular blocks, bit was put into a rough fraame, its wood* fldroals resting in two half circular holes r uftfthes in the Irani;. Just as [ had "oabssed this fur Mrs. Miller oome in and Eaflbcd.it. She turned it souio half a esCbttuics; theu calling to her houso tnaid jJ^bjicubDiiful of seed cotton, which io llip taoth . Trno, wvnisr l' turned tfielmmfV,' nnd in a w revolutions <ho teeth were full of lint >tton. She looked into uiy face, aud I mil never forget that look. O"! she was glorious woman. She exclaimed : 'Perct this and nud your for'unc is made.'? ho explained its defects, saying : 'You ust devise some mcaus by which the lint in be taken from the cards,' as she turned 10 cylinder holding the teeth. 'Now you ive to take it off by hand, and something ust bo arranged to hold tho cotton to the irds. All the while Mr. Miller had laugh1 at the effort I was making, ard called the nchinc mine and his wife's folly. lie was i hit chamber when his wife ran and fetch1 hi in to sec the operation of the machine, e looked on the motion of the cylinder, ughing derisively at first, but as lie saw io teeth G11i*iwith lint he became thoughtil, nnd Gually said : 'I believe that somoling can couic out of it to answer the pur)se.' After > xamiuing it carefully, lie said riously : 'Now vou nor Mrs. Miller must ,?_i, u..I ? ? ?i ?> ru?iav iii vii in, uui i vy uii, 111111 U ) OU CIlIl ake it a success it will not only make you )th rich, but it will make the South the chest country in the world. If you speak it some ingenious mechanic will tnku the lea, and very soon wi!l complete a machine id will rob you of your invention.' From lat time I proceeded cautiously and in sect to complete a model to be patented.? ro:n the working of the machine I had ndc, J^saxv a difficulty to be remedied with ic circular blocks holding the wires tojlher, and I placed in the new model suialr blocks. These served to separate the rgcr and give room for the cotton to roll, id I made the teeth-holding cards uiueh linucr, giving them something of the npiaran.o of a circular-saw. This completed, ;xt was the means of sweeping from the cth the lint pulled by them from the seed. Lr Miller was now docd'iv interested in my icCCSs, as he fancied no saw great wealth > follow this, and proposed a partnership, id agreed to furnish the means to secure a itent and introduce to the public the marine. Whilstthisdiscussion was in progress lr. Miller came in and suggested a rccdiug rush, and exhibited a model in miniature 0 had made. At once I saw that this )uld be worked by the same means that the ,Tinder carrying the teeth could, and went > work to make this brush. Finally the itirc machine was completed and patented, copartnership agreed upon between Miller id myself, and Miller went actively to ork to put it into operation. We disagreed 1 to what should be the course to be purtod for this purpose. It was my proposion to sell the paten for 8100,000 to the tales of Suuth Carolina and Georgia, but lillur'insistcd that this would be to sacri30 a prince'y fortune, nnd proposed that c should erect in each County at the Court [ouso n gin, and cither buy the cotton in ic seed, or gin it upon shares for tho plant's. So sanguine was ho of a fortune from io inveutiou that he was willing to furnish io means to carry out his plans. I was Jung and poor, and fifty thousand dollars u9 such a fortune to me as I had never >ntomplnted owning. It was the full mcairc ot my ambition?with it I was satisid, bui I was without any means. Miller ad incurred and paid all expenses up to int time, nnd I yielded my opinion nnd ishes to him. nnd he went to work to carry it his schemes. Tho practical efficacy of le mochino had boon tested in several aces, to tho entire satisfaction of the pubis, and we were progressing rapidly to tho alization of Miller's idea of ginning all ic cotton grown or to be grown in tho mth. At that time it amounted to only fow thousand bales. In the progress of ir work every ouo was freely admitted, and >e machine as freely examined. Among iose who caino for this purposj was a oabct workman named Ball. Ho was critid in his examination. lie had in his shop turning lathe, worked by driving nnd a and wheel quite like that with which our in was oporated. Ho camo two or threo uios to ascertain the working of this gin, id wis particular as to the amount of cot* chaned or ginned iu n day. ' It was not long before we learned he had instructed n gin, retaining the model of irs, bat substituting snws out from ehcot on in the place of our wooden blocks and ire teeth. Wo deemed this an Invasion of ir patent, and wurood him if lie attempted nut Ilia fin in! > nnnrslinn an> i n? ? ' "I? ~" "v ing suit fur damages. This threat dctcrd him, for he decuied his machine an inaction of our patent, and forbore for n eat while to duplicate it, to work or to sell Many who had examined his machine onounced it superior to ours. "There was a farmer of means and great ( floenoo residing in Warren County, Geor* i a, named Arthur Fort, lie saw the gin nstruefcad by Mr. Hall and ordered one of nilar construction to be made for him.? i ill deelioed the job, informing him of the itice he had received and he feared a law- i it for infraction of patent. Fort insisted, omising to incur the risk and pay all mages. Upon these conditions Bull ;roed to make tho gir, and did so.? jrt immoiintely put the gin in opera* < lion. As soon ns wo were informed of, this. Miller employed David Bradic Mitchell, of Savannah, to bring suit ngaiust Dull and Fort. The suit was brought in the District Court of the United Stales, and after considerable delay it was tried in Savnn- ' nnh before Judge William Johnson, one of the Judges of the Supreme Court of the 1 United States. Ball employed Peter Kirly, < of Wilkes County, to defend the case. It < was nbly argued on both sides, for these two men were men of great abilities, and deof- 1 ly read in tho law. The decision was against < us and wc lost our patent. { "It was a terrible blow upon me, but Mil- 1 Icr, I think, was moro affected by it than I ] was. In a short time thereafter Ball abandoned the cabinet business and commenced 1 tho making of gins. Cotton planting now 1 tofeac^o"nn d**]n c/igo'd^lined quite ns fast. "These two industries wcro materially affected by tho cultivation of indigo in 1 Guatemala and tobacco in Virginia and \ Maryland, and were ceesing to be proGtablo when the gin was invented. I uict with 1 much sympathy from tho people, who felt I was entitled to tho invention, and should 1 reap the reward of the originator of a great- 1 ly useful machine. Sympathy was my only reward from Georgia, but South Carolina 1 generously donated me 850,000, and th'.s is ! really ihc only benefit I ever derived from the invention." 1 At the time I received this nnrrativo \ from Mr. Whitney he had in New Ilavcn 1 a gun shop, and he was experimenting upon 1 improvements he had made in fire-arms.? ' This never came to anything. This was iu ' 1820, but bo realized considerable money ' from a contract for furnishing a*-u?s to the United States. Eli Whitney was born in Massachusetts on the 8th of December, 1764, and died in ! New Haven, Connecticut, on the 8th of January, 1825. He wns liberally educated, which was due alone to hiui9clf, for he taught school to obtain the means to carry him through college, and he did not graduate until he was considerably advanced in life. Immediately alter graduating he came to Georgia. lie was then in the twentyninth year of his age, having arrived in Savannah in 1773. This was very soon after the introduction of the green seeder short stapled cotton iuto the United States. Previous to that time that cultivated for market was the sea island or long stapled, black seed cotton. This latter had been. ; as it is now, ginned by the roller gin, which would not gin the green seod. This variety 1 grew luxuriantly away from the influence of the set breeze, which was essential to the 1 production of the long stapled. It was, too, batter adiplod to dumuitlia purposes, because it was spun with more facility, and made a coarser web, and a more enduring one, and was suited for clothing, to the wants of the laboring classes, and the common uses of the people generally. The first mention of cotton to be found is in the writings of Herodotus, about 450 years before the birth of Christ. Cotton cloth was introduced from India into Rome and Greece before the Christian era. It was applied by Veres, in Sicily, for the c-vcring of boats, and as tents, and for the ' latter purpose was used by Julius Caesar.? 1 It is supposed to have originated iu Arabia, | and thence found its way to India and China This is supposition. It sceuis in ' Some variety or other to have bcou indigc- J nous to all tropical countries. It is certain ' it was found in the West India Islands, and, in some varieties, in South America. It is a common error to suppose all created things to have had their commencement in a pair or a single creation, and when we have any o ic thing in the animal or vegetable kingdom to a point where it is not first seen or known, we at once ascribe its or their origin to that point or country, forgeting that the power to create could produce many as well as one and locate these at pleasure over the globe. The green seed cotton was found crowing in tho islands surrounding the Caribbean sea and on the Bahamas. From these islands it wa9 introduced into the United States, and in the progress of its cultivation many varieties have been introduced from different parts of the world. The long staple came from the neighborhood of Dacus; \ whence Grst cauie to this country the famous India muslins, and it was first cultivated hero with the view of imitating these ! delicate fabrics in tho production of our own manufactories. This, however, has never bocu accomplished or in any European country, In this progress of the human family, aud esjvwt'illy iu America, the necessity of n fnvtiln omUo*!* m*a A - ? ~ < vv AHIVJ DuUOlllUlU KM II a A. 1IIIU WUOI I rum which cloth for all its purposes could be made and which cheaper and as enduring bccouio a desideratum. Tho crecn seed cotton promised this, the only difficulty was the separating tho lint from the seed rapidly and without injury to the fiber. This necessity stimulated tho genius of Whitney, which shaped in his mind tho cotton gin, which grew into practical form under the manipulation of his cunning hands. At or about tho samo time the inspiration of the genius of an hmnblo barber was fashioning another machine for tho rapid spinning of cotton. Robert Peel, the grandfather of tho present Sir Robert Peel, was one of tho first to ( commence the spinning of cotton in Eng> ' land. The process then in use was simple, orudo and insufficient. Thero was wanting great improvements in the iraohinery, and , many wero striving to effect these. Ark- , might, a Bristol barber, wko was very , illiterate, supposed ho oould invent and make a machine which would romody the ] principal difficulty, thought much and work* el diligently. So absorbed was he tjtat he , neglected his vocation, and incurred tho reproof of his wife as well as that of his patrons. Still ho worked in secret in the , littlo back room of his shop. His wife complained that there was no food for the family in the home aod no money to purchnsc any, aod unl.-ia ho gavo uiorc attention to his business (be family wonld starve, lie hooded not bcr snger or rcioonstmncv, but, keeping his own secret and most confident of ultimate success, continued to work on. When the machine was well nigh completed, requiring some trifling essential to its final finish which he had uot, ho went [>ut to procure it. This was the angry wife's opportunity, she went into Irs room and finding thcro the machine, in wrath she seised it and crushing it to atoms sho threw the frog? tncnia into the street. Heturning he espied the ruins, and gathering them up, he accused his wiTe of the net and upbraided licr for it. Id very spite she admitted the truth of tho charge aud justified the act. This was l.; ?'^-77 7 : ' He inultipuca no words with her, but took her by tho arm and leading her to the door threw her into the street, forbidding her ever again entering the house. This done, he closed tho door upon her; nor did she ever again return to the house or him. Straightway he went again to work, and in 1 short time had completed the model of the spinning jonncy. This be carried to Peel, who examined it minutely, and saw ind acknowledged its utility, and that it supplied the great want. Peel was a wise and prudent man. lie proposed to Arkmight that he should patint the invention. This was agreed to, and it was by Peel patented in his and Arkaiight's name. This done, he proposed a ^partnership 11 Arkuiight in the business if cotton spinning, aud that this jenney ihould bo the capital ot Arkinight. This was accepted, and the uinchino put at oneo into practical use. About this time there was a shipment of short stapled cotton to England from tho United States of twenty-five bales. The cotton gin had proved a great success in America, and the spinning jenny in Knglaud. Then couitrcnccd the cultivation of the staple as a marketable crop, nod very soon its growth exceeded the demand, and the price went down, and the cloth from ita fabrication cheapened, and the imports of the costly cotton goods of China began to dctdino, and not many years after ceased entirely, and now only the old folks of the country know anything of the Nankin cottous?and many others of the cotton cloth? once in universal use in America and especially in the South of the United States. In 1815 the cotton raised in the South. crn Stated was 77,000 bales; in 1828,400,000 ; in 1830, 470,000; in 1879, over 5,000,000. The wealth accruing to England from cotton manufacturing is incalculable. The wealth from its production in the South has gone into the hands of the ynnkecs, and now the nabob planters are the poorest portion of tbo American people. The yankee indented the machine tor preparing it for use ; ho imported the negro for its cultivation, and he is to day the only recipientof the profit arising from its growth, and the values of the negro, who has produced it. He has emancipated tho negrrr, and holds the bouds of the government for hundreds of millions for the money expended in this most philanthropic act, and tho cotton produced by the emancipated slaves is taxed to pay these bonds and their accruing interest. When will they relax their hold upon tho negro? Kxpcrienc3 would justify the assertion never, so long as he can be made profitable, either with his votes or his labora.--W. II* Sparks, in Atlanta Constitutionalist. ??? 'Brethren, I am Dyino."?Bet'. A. McQueen, who was stricken with disease while preaching at Bethel Church in the upper end of this county, is still unable to fill his appointments. The attack which was similar to a mild form of apoplexy, came upon him very suddenly. He had gone through tho opening sxerciscs, read a vuupier, iwo uyuins nau Docn sung, tiro prayers offbrod, his test announced and ho had been preaching a link while whon ho suddenly stopped, and exclaiming, ''Brethren, I am dying !" fell to the floor. The scene in the church can ba better imagined than described With perhafts a tingle exception, his whole family were prevent, and these with his ninny warm friends, pressed wildy forward. One or tiTo physicians were present, and they restored order trs soon as possible, and as early as expedient removed him to his house, a short distance from tho church. Just two woeks front that day he suffered a IcsS Violent attftck, since which time there has been no return of it.? Lumberton RobetoniaW. Poisoned dy a Pencil ? tft. Samuel Clarke, of Vasselboro,' has beert in the habit of carrying a copying pencil in his coat pocket. One day last week Mr. Clarke camo to Augusta, and while in tho city ho purchased some troches for tt Cold, which ho put loose in tho pocket, itbtfro thoy were constantly coming in contact #ilh the lead. While roturning to Vasselboro' on the car* lie felt n tickling in bis throat, and to allay the irritation partook of several trotches.? Ilia tongue at once began to swell and tarn black, and by the time he roaolied home ho was deathly sink. A physician was summoned, whopromptly administered antidotes for tho poison. It is said that a piceo of tho load of oo? of those pencils, half tb; sixc of a pco, will cause the death of a robust man.?Kenebec (Afe.) Journal. A Good Plain Cake.?Take six ouncos if ground rice, tho same of flour, the voile* ind whites of nioe eggs boat separately, rmc pound of loaf sugar woll pounded.? Whisk the sugar and eggs for nearly an hour, then add tbe rice sod flour. Butter well iodic whito paper and put round it and over the bottom of tho tin it is to fco baked in, and bake in a slow oven. Run a knife into it; if it comes out eleau it is baked enough. - .? Why don't you Subscribe tor the Timet t