University of South Carolina Libraries
-THB VMm,MWif 1MML UNION C. H., SOUTH "^R^IN A XU^UST 16? *#T8. NUMBER 33. ?ariw?^? ... i _u i Li.L-Li- I.M II 1 I I ^ ,1, I ,| J I I I, ! n ^ ^ij. j V? %XHE LADD MOKDEB CASE. I leS3 than six months nor more than three j THE ADMINI8TBWIOH AND THE fcEVEMt* | Tho TZ ullZl--? A COMPROMIHK pROBADLE WITHOUT | years. The Oourfc i? A'tron*~A ? * T* \% x likjudicfi to the State. Washington, July 30.?Notwithstanding tho announced purpose of tho President Co assert the sovereignty of the Federal Hiovemmeot and to rouiovo the South Car'oK*a internal rovenuo cases to tho United 'States Circuit Court, there has been a Strong feeling to-dry in official circles that 'this line of nctiou uiay be ufter all abandoned, and a solution of tho existing difficulty reached in another way, without further issue between the Federal and State authorities. Nothing definite regarding can be ascertained, but the fact that the matter is seriously discussed in admin-. istratioh^uirQics gives some credibility to the story. The Administratis is very desirous of avoiding a conflict or raising an open issue with the State of South Carolina, and there can bo no doubt tho President will avoid one, if he can consistently with the duties nf hi- ofls? ? J " vwW) uo uu UUUGIBU1UU3 UtCUl. It is hinted, but not officially, that the cases may be compromised without prejudice to the Slate, and this may ncoount for the delay in the proceedings. Commissioner Raurn received, to-day, a long letter regarding these cases from District Attorney Northrop, the text of which ho would not make public. Judge Northrop takes st rong ground in favor of tho sovereignty of the Federal Government in theso caBaltimore Sun. Wise Instructions from Commissioner iiaum. Washington, July 29, 1878. TV. IT. Chapman, Esq., Revenue Agent, Greensboro', AT. C. : Now that you are about to assume charge of your division, I dscm it proper to place in writing the verbal statements I made to you before you left this oity. I earnestly desire that the internal revenue laws shall be enforced peacebly and quietly and without the necessity of using ' an armed forco. This can only be done where the officers are supported by a public sentiment favorable to the observance aud enforcement of tho laws. I wish you to wieit the -Counties of Pickens, Greenville, York, Spartanbursr. Ander. there confer with lcadiug citizens and endonvor to iuterest their sympathies in bohalf of the observance of the laws, sod a peaceful and orderly enforcement of them. I desire that you shall pot yourself in communication with inch persons as wish to pursue the business of operating distilleries, and to impress upon them the fact that there is a fixed determination on the part of the government to suppress frauds against its revenues; and it m- important < that you should fully explain, to them that in the end it is more profitable fer them to t operate legal distilleries and- pay the taxes imposed by law upon their prowictfr than to engage in illicit distilling. The law for the country, and the governm?j4KmW|HHf \ the tax nearly sixty millions or &R*ra per cnforco it. ^pduWfpHHKt^i violation are severe. No maa oau with uafety viola to its provisiona, and any community where the violations of laws are numerous is soon given over to anarchy and disorder, and many persons ace constantly skulking from their homes to avoid arrest. This stat*of things is oertainly to be do_ i precatcd, but must neoessarily continue until the people of tbeso seotions of country are willing to observe the law. / There is no disposition or intention cn my part to require or allow a vindictive enIbroemClteof' the latin a community where Danacnoa meir practices. a lenient course has been pursued in many districts where the circumstances would warrant it, eud it frowld afford me great pleasure to know that the violators of tbe law in the districts to which you are assigned have returned to p sense of their doty to tbe general govprqmont, to observe the law, aod to pny the tax imposed by it upon their products. I desire that you shall impress upon cit|xaa* generally my determination that the laws shall be enforced in an orderly and lawful meaner, avoiding all unnecessary collisions, and by offioers who are permanouC itiseus of the districts or divisions to whioo they are appointed, sod are men of respectability, integrity, discretion aod A ooorsgs. 1 wish you particularly to inform the jpoople that this office ie open at all timet to hear the complaint of citizens against the unlawful acta of offioers. w . s ? aa - - ID tnis connection you Mitould call attention to the stringent provisions of Section 3,169, United States Revised Statutes, which enact that nn officer who is found guilty of any extortion orwiIful oppression ^ under color of law shall be subject to in^ (tyttment, and, on conviction, shall be fined unt leas than one thousand, uor more than five Hjoutand dollars, and imprisoned not - * *? a * V. i'tv"* i1 '< '? 1 _ ? w .w Mi* wvuu iv ivuuur <1 judgment against the officer or agent for the amount of damages sustaiucd by the party injured, to bo collected by. execution Under the provisions of this section the citizen has an nuiplo remedy, and I know that the Courts of the Uuitcd States would be us ready to afford rolicf to the citizen against the unlawful acts of officers as to puuish ths citizen for violations of the law The laws of tho United States arc enacted by the representatives of tho people, and ajo designed to promote the general wclfaro of the whole people. Tho Courts of tho United Statptjpfttfur touch the courts of the . people.tho State Courts, and affl rf tewaV to protect the rights of citizens ftfl'<he "9t2w Courts arc. In my opinion it. in essential to the happiness and prosperity of the couutry that commnities should not be kept iu a state of execitement over the qucstiou of a conflict of authority between the laws and Courts of tho United States and those of a State, and, to avoid this, citizens should bo encouraged to appeal for redress against tho alleged unlawful acts of officers of the United States to the Courts of the Uuited | UVRIlVOi You will understand that in writing as I ' do I do not disparage the character or ju- . I risdiction of the State Courts, but I wish . to point out to you that the laws of tho United States not only make provision for , misconduct of its officers ; that these taxes J are to be collected through tho instrumentality of the officers and Courts of tho United States, and that all grievances can be better redressed in the same manner. Respectfully, Grebn B. Raum, 1 Commissioner. v Commissioner Raum Assures the Distillers that Faith will be kept, and that they arc Entitled to the Clemency of the Government. Treasury Department, ") [ Office of Internal Revenue, > Washington, D. C., August, 2, 1878. j E. M. Bray ton, Collector, Columbia, S. Q.: | Sir : From an article in the Netos and illicit t the lines of twrspartanburg and Asheville a Railroad, and surrendered themselves to Deputy Marshall C. W. Cummings and c Deputy Collector J. T. Kirkland, who were accompanied by a United States onmm'm. sioncr, aud that those parties confessed their Q guilt and gave bail for their appearance at ^ ourt, and returned to their homes with an t assurance that if they abstained from fur- Q thor violations of the law they would not q be prosveuted. ; j The comments of the Newt and Courier ^ are very severe upon the officers for th.sir Lg conduct, alleging that the ilUei^'*4M|p^rc lers will be the victims of misplaoed confideuce and will be treacherously dealt with, y It is needless for me to say to you that I j men punished. While violators of Ihe law 1 arm themselves to resist the offioera in the v them with the most liberal spirit, and in f doing this I am quite sure I will be fully g supported by the department of justioe and c by the President. j( In portions of Tennessee, Georgia and g Alabama illicit distillers have placed them- ^ selves in an attitude that would warrant a t lenient oourso, and it has been extended ^ towards them; and I will be perfeotly will- s tag to pursue a similar course towards the * illicit distillers of South Carolina, if thoy t ac(VI manner to entitle themselves to it. I If the facts are as stated iu the News ?sd Cbsnr, thatuMMkar of illicit dia- n tillers have surrendered themselves, you are ( authorized in the mo?t public manner to c announce that the government will act in u the utmott good faith towards them, and if thoy abstain from violations of the law and c Anntriklllo tn a rmKlin aAntimi>n? to the enforcement of the law, they will placo themselves in a position to eutitlo thcin || to the clemency of the government, and 1 have no doubt will receive it. Very respectfully, c Grken P. Kaijm, Commissioner. t] phatrr from Hydrophobia.?A most a remarkable death from hydrophobia oo- 1 ourred on the 23d instant, near Lamar, iu o Barton County, Mo. The viotim was a t prominent oitisen of that locality, named a John Halem. Twelve years ago he was I bitten by a mad dog, and the wound healed s up, never giving him any pain, and the oc- 11 currence had ucarly been forgotten. On t F^ay he waa suddenly taken with convul- t sions of a terrible naturo. lie continued ? thus ^til Tuesday, when he died. The a a k i-i-? w- j mm lov %TfU \4UJB VI Uia OUUVUWIUUS HO WOO I perfectly rational, and on Sunday boon mo c crazy. Ilia death and Bufferings were ter- J rible to witness, it taking four stout men to 1 hold him. He leaves a wife and two chil- t dren. ) ?- ?w?vbav/I^IHA. A Ever since the war the ?afo|cemental the government tax on whisknyjhas led t* difliculties and occasional 00>f ficts iu tl* mountain districts of Teuuessftf, the Carolinas and Georgia, where small ^tills abound and the tax is regurdod as nu intolerable exaction. These difliculties h?ve not been coutiiied, any more thau the business of illicit distilling, to tl^psc States. They have occurcd at the North, where the balk oi "crooked whiskey" is JitadeanU the largest and most successful frauds up-jn the revenue have been committed, In iSrtfoklyu and other Northcfn titics\hrf>djrt>u?vidMii havo had to invnWfhd nlfcSfr^S* and proUatio< of the UniMi^HStates Wddicra and marines while making^ the seizures. In these cases, the very cxistence-of the tax and the opportunity for illegal profit thereby Drescntcd. have benn th<> nnlii?nn.?"> ? j . ? - luuuvuuiuilb tU 'III evasion of the law. In (.ho SoutlK-rp States we liavo named the case is soiiiewlv.itdifferent. Long before the war, and b<^rc the internal revenue law was passed, dfc business of distilling was carried on 0* a small icale. lu the mountains a siill was almost is usual an adjunct to an orchard a brew nouse is to an old fashioucd English homeitcad, or a cider press to a .New ^Kugiaud arm. The uiauufacture of npplejmd peach Hraudy was regarded quite as legitimate a >rauch of furm industry as the preparation >f dried npnln |H)d jMiinflhffClTityf #arkett?* |il- i iglT Vl 'TiBasMfcr >?" ii ih~ i.Im' armors think, of the large "distilleries of he town. It is not simply tho payincut of he manufactnrer's tax that is objected to*; ho numerous and complicated provisions ind requirements of the law designed to ircvcnt fraud and insure the collection of he tax are simply impossible to bo complied vith by the owners of those small stills.? deuce tho farmers had to givo up the busiicss or carry it on eurrcptiliously and at he risk of the penalties of the law. Hence he encouragement given to illicit distilling, >articuiarly iu outlying and remote mouuain districts, difficult of access, and where he population aro in sentiment bitterly opwed to the onforcoment of a law Jfhich ud sympathisers is not surprising. A legal complication which is attracting onsidcrablo attention at this time nas just :rown out of ono of these occurrences in South Carolina. A party of four revenue fficcrs went to a man's house, suspected of eing engaged in illicit distilling, intending o arrest him. The man attempted to shoot ne of them, his rifle, howMtfr, missing fire, 'hereupon the revenue officers shot him ead. They subsequently surrendered homselves to the local authorities, by whom since (hen rocucted for murder by the grand jury f the county. These facts coming to the knowledge of the Internal Revenue Comaissioner, a demand was made on Judge Kershaw, the State Judge, for the transfer if the prisoners to the jurisdiction of tho JImted States, under the section of the revised statute# wtybh provides for the renoyal to the United States Ciroui* Court imj^p>r * # dm "" *? *???*- - . f .--MviAo? commenced in State oourts against revehud inetr . Mtm application or re dfcovil Kim beeta^ufed by tadge Kerhaw, upon the ground that the proseution is not for any act done by the officers a their official eapaoity, but for au offense gainst the laws of Sputh Carolina, vis : lomioide, and that the defense' set up by he accused, vis.: that they acted in selfiefense, oan be made as effectually in tho [tate court as in the Federal court. Judge r i- -- '? versuaw signinea nis willingness to have be cases removed, into the Supreme Court f the State, nnd<to have bis decision reiewed by that tribunal. ewfcbet Appeal night be taken to the Supreme Court of be United States. Meanwlulo he would ousent to release the imprisoned governnent officers on bail. To this perfectly fair ana reasonable ourse, it is said, President Hayes and Atoruoy General Devens were at hrst disused to accede, but upon the hrst iutination of such a solution of the difficulty a lortiou of the Republican press was up in ruis immediately. Judge Kershaw's decision was a renewal of the old doctrine of lullitication. The refusal to surrender the ecuscd revenue officers to be tried in the federal court was a fresh act of rebellion n tho part of South Carolina. To yield o it for one moment was'a picco (h idly truckling to the arch-rebel Htud^tofc. n short, the Radical politicians Ttw a plondid chanoe once more to wave the 1 _ ? S . m - * ? moouy snirt and boat Cb? war-drum, mad alk about rebelliou and treason, and to fire he Northern heart with memones of Fort iumter, <fco. Consequently a strong prosure was brought to boar upon the Prcsilent, with tho result, it is stated, of iodusing him to adopt a different course.? ludgo Bond was oommunicatcd with as to lolaing a special term of tho Circuit Court >f Booth Carolina, and to issuing writs ot iabtai corpus for the imprisoned officers.? lb r ?u?a iiuu experience in matter: f of the kind. Tbo writs, if disobeyed ^ would bo enforced with the whole power o the army of the Uuitcd States, even if thi warlike Howard should have to be rccalloi I lroin the pursuit and slaughter of the fugi ( tive Bauuocks aud other "hostiles" for tlx purpose. A fine, stirring "issue," it ii hoped, may thus be prcseuted at the fal elections; upon the strength of which tlx . administration ui iy possibly gain scvcra members of Congress, besides reinstating it self in thu friendship of that portion of the party which has been alienated ever sinct ' ^IfP^BiSSP^^^mptoo. ""AM'tliis and uioro foolish and wicked talk of the kind one may read in sonic of the Radical journals. It is refreshing, therefore, in contrast, to tiud language like the following in the sober, steadfast Journal nf Cum.' merer, of New York, which rebukes the agitators and would-be mischief-makers afI tor the 1'ollowiug fashion : >a>5outh Carolina is not loved by some ! people at the North. They cannot forgive I or forget her past. In every question that i arises between her and the Federal government they always try to put her in the wrong. They assume that she is at heart L It* " " us rcociuous as ever, JVlercly legal and technical controversies, 6uch as come up between (he Federal power and oue of the Northern States yilhout attrJotiug any. attention, are ttggT^w rebellion' this spirit of unjust judgment they treat a simple law issue which has been raised in Sonth Caroliua between ono of bcr courts and the national government, growing out of tho arrest of four revenue officers who killed a uian said to have been implicated in the illicit whiskty business. The ciueslieus involved are purely legal ones. Were, er were not, the four revenue officers acting in tho Hue of their official duty when : they entered the house, and was the killing of the man au official act ? It is not rebellious to take the stand Judge Kershaw has taken. Should an exactly similar caso occur in the North oar citixcns would applaud the firmness of a State Judge who ahonld decline to make the transfer, if ho had conscientious objections to it. While wc have tho humblest?to which wo first look for protection against wrong and injustico? should bo maintained in the fullness of their lawful scope. If tho South Carolinians sympathize with their own courts and their own judges, so should we in a parallel instance in the State of New York."?. Baltimore Sun. Roundabout Way op IIeauino ? There is a passago from the cavity of the drbm of the ear to the throat, known as the Eustachian tube. Ita main purpose Hpuinn tn Via "' MW WW ivjjwiawi kuc pi C&SUftf UI air in the cavity; but under certain circ us lances it serves to convey sounds to the inner ear. Writers on physiology record instances in whioh persons who could not hear through the external ear were enabled to do so through tho month. Another roundabout way of hearing is by means of the tooth. A simple experiment illustrates the transmission of sonorous sounds by the y'o * * * 'wlv'hf-ajqji. Lay a watch", face downwards, on a Uhle and stand so far from it that yon cannot hest -the ticking. Now let one end of a wooden rod rest t>u the back of the watoh, and grip the other endf" with the- teeth j close tho ears with the fingers, to exclude other sounds, and tho beat of the watch will be distinctly audible. Other sounds may bo conveyed in the name manner. If one end of a very long rod be placed on a piano and tho other held between the teeth, one can distinguish the tuuo played though his ears be stopped. That the sound is truuuiitted hotter tjrrQUgh solids than through tlio air tn shown by the old experiment of suspending a poker or an iron bar by a cord held with the teeth. If the iron be struck the sound will appear louder than when heard iu the ordinary way. Engineers. when they suspect a leakage or other mischief inside the cylinder of a steamolivine, sometimes put 41 small piece of iron between tho teeth, press it firmly against the outside of the cylinder, ami close the ours, when the aouuds produced within become clearly audible.?Journal of Chemistry. L*e and Washington.?A word to Mr. Barnum : When his clown associates Robert E. Lee with Washington as 0 patriot who will "always have a plaoe in the hearts of bis countrymen," he grossly offends and insults his andieneos. Mr. Barnuin ought to ste that this beenaneled fool W M II is suppressed.? Chicago Inter. Ocean. Well, Lee was a "lectio the best man" ol the two, hut Wo of the South don't mind having Washington associated with him.? Washington would have b4n as good if he bad known how. Mr. Barmim's clown mgo ahead with his oration.?Augusta mt'efe. An unpleasant sort of Arithmetic. Pi visions among families. s Farmyard Manure.?Everybody will , admit the statements made by scientific agf riculturists concerning the luws of plant e growth and the rclntion of manures to the 1 crop. We all understand that plants never - take up and assimilate food in solid-forms j ; ; that they must obtain-.that upon which i 1 they feed and grow in a gaseous state from ? I the atmosphere, (which amounts to fully ) ninety per cent of their entire food,) or in , I a liquid condition through the soil; and 1 . that the food elements in farm yard manure ! must go through certain chemical changes > avail itself of them.?' ' I tests give that a thousand pounds of this I undeeoinjjosed manure will yield on an average but five pounds of nitrogcu, six and a half pounds of potash and a little over two pounds of phosphoric acid?the most necessary elements of plant food, and those which it is essential to supply to the soil for the perfect growth of afi farm crops.? So far we agree with those who advocato the use of patent chemical mixtures as fertilizers, because we recognize them as the truths of science?but beyond this we cannot. For iustauce; we do not believe that nine hundred aud eighty-six pounds of solid matter in a thousaud pounds of farm yard manure is worthless; that it does not act a most important part iu the economy of plant growth aud soil improvement, or that it is just as well if not better to dnmrk ?%...?? ? ? .V wwuf |/ WU IO V* CI the bank, and supply its place in the soil with fourteen pounds of absolute chemical ^ not to bo forgotten in the makings' paving and use of farm-yard manure or animal dung ; its mechanical action in the soil per, forms a most important part in the growth of the crop, in bettering the condition of the soil as the home of the plant, and in uulocking and rendering available the inert fertility of "mother earth." The application of this nine hundred and eighty-six pounds of uqdccomposed organic or vegetable matter in every thousand?or about ninety-five per cent of the bulk of all animal manures?performs a most essential and important ageucy on the inorganio and earthly particles of the soil, in setting free plant food. Among these may be mentioned that its fermentation or decomposition in the soil gives just those jphyeical coa. WV* a good atari. Besides, as is well known, its application tosomo soils renders them light, porous aud readily aerated; assists them in the power of absorbiug and retaining fertilizing elements, which would be lost but for the preseucc and action of these organic aud vegetable matters in the soil; increases the amount of dew fall and enables it to bold the influences of that and of raiu, much Ionizer than would nthorwien ii.? case, and gives the soil the ability to gather and keep the fertilizing gases of the air and earth, and prevent the mineral elc* _' uicnts which are in solution in the soil from beiug carried down beyond the reach of the rootlets of the growing crops. What an important agency is this, and how essential to the growth of the plants !?Maine Farmer. No Tramps in tiik South.?The tramps do not take kindly to the Southern States ?probably because the negroes do not take kiadly to them. In that region colored people have charge of the kitchens and ' Vila. I.MIUJUII uioiiiiMu < - , ifag mendicants TafwV" , one reason why so few tramps are to he , found in the South. Another reason is , that the South does not afford the same I advantages for nlnnder and free living that are tdHe'fbnndaB,t)ip North. There was an irruption of tramps inttf Louisiana Iqst, winter during the sugar-making season.? They pretended to be in search of work, but wboo furnished with employment, they soon showed that they were not fascinated with it. They wandered from ono plantation to another, and became as much disgusted with the country as it was with them. The negroes showed them no favor, and the planters closed their doors against them.?. They were found to be an uudosirable ac? cession to the population, aud the New Orleaus Democrat advises that "if there is, more cotton produced than can be picked; by our own people, it is better to let it rot, away than bring down this visitation of tramps upon us, under tho delusion that, i thoy will do auy work." Atple Dumpling.?Use good sized, rather tart apples, pare, and remove the cores ; envelope each separately in puff paste > and tie it in a piece of cloth ; boil or stoam i for one hour. Before serving, remove the, cloths, cat a piece from each and put ii^t i some sugar and fresh butter; replace the piece of paste, and sprinkle with powdered sugar. If preferred, they may bo served 1 with liquid sauce or sweet cream Th? same oorr&pondeht. sends > m | Baked Apple Dumplings.?Pare and; . core smooth apples of uniform size, and fill i the cavity of each with sugar and a little i cinnamon. Divide the paste into as many i parts as there are apples; roll esoh piece out square, and inclose an apple in it, slight* ly wetting tho edges to make them stick.? Bake iA shallow pans, and serre with hard sane*. I %