The weekly Union times. [volume] (Union C.H., South Carolina) 1871-1894, August 16, 1878, Image 1
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UNION C. H., SOUTH "^R^IN A XU^UST 16? *#T8. NUMBER 33.
?ariw?^? ... i _u i Li.L-Li- I.M II 1 I I ^ ,1, I ,| J I I I, ! n ^ ^ij. j V?
%XHE LADD MOKDEB CASE. I leS3 than six months nor more than three j THE ADMINI8TBWIOH AND THE fcEVEMt* | Tho TZ ullZl--? A
COMPROMIHK pROBADLE WITHOUT | years. The Oourfc i? A'tron*~A ? * T*
\%
x likjudicfi to the State.
Washington, July 30.?Notwithstanding
tho announced purpose of tho President
Co assert the sovereignty of the Federal
Hiovemmeot and to rouiovo the South Car'oK*a
internal rovenuo cases to tho United
'States Circuit Court, there has been a
Strong feeling to-dry in official circles that
'this line of nctiou uiay be ufter all abandoned,
and a solution of tho existing difficulty
reached in another way, without further
issue between the Federal and State
authorities. Nothing definite regarding
can be ascertained, but the fact that
the matter is seriously discussed in admin-.
istratioh^uirQics gives some credibility to the
story.
The Administratis is very desirous of
avoiding a conflict or raising an open issue
with the State of South Carolina, and there
can bo no doubt tho President will avoid
one, if he can consistently with the duties
nf hi- ofls? ? J "
vwW) uo uu UUUGIBU1UU3 UtCUl. It
is hinted, but not officially, that the cases
may be compromised without prejudice to
the Slate, and this may ncoount for the delay
in the proceedings. Commissioner
Raurn received, to-day, a long letter regarding
these cases from District Attorney Northrop,
the text of which ho would not make
public. Judge Northrop takes st rong ground
in favor of tho sovereignty of the Federal
Government in theso caBaltimore
Sun.
Wise Instructions from Commissioner
iiaum.
Washington, July 29, 1878.
TV. IT. Chapman, Esq., Revenue Agent,
Greensboro', AT. C. :
Now that you are about to assume charge
of your division, I dscm it proper to place
in writing the verbal statements I made to
you before you left this oity.
I earnestly desire that the internal revenue
laws shall be enforced peacebly and
quietly and without the necessity of using
' an armed forco. This can only be done
where the officers are supported by a public
sentiment favorable to the observance aud
enforcement of tho laws.
I wish you to wieit the -Counties of Pickens,
Greenville, York, Spartanbursr. Ander.
there confer with lcadiug citizens and endonvor
to iuterest their sympathies in bohalf
of the observance of the laws, sod a
peaceful and orderly enforcement of them.
I desire that you shall pot yourself in
communication with inch persons as wish
to pursue the business of operating distilleries,
and to impress upon them the fact
that there is a fixed determination on the
part of the government to suppress frauds
against its revenues; and it m- important <
that you should fully explain, to them that
in the end it is more profitable fer them to
t operate legal distilleries and- pay the taxes
imposed by law upon their prowictfr than to
engage in illicit distilling.
The law for the
country, and the governm?j4KmW|HHf \
the tax nearly sixty millions or &R*ra per
cnforco it. ^pduWfpHHKt^i
violation are severe. No maa oau with
uafety viola to its provisiona, and any community
where the violations of laws are numerous
is soon given over to anarchy and
disorder, and many persons ace constantly
skulking from their homes to avoid arrest.
This stat*of things is oertainly to be do_
i precatcd, but must neoessarily continue until
the people of tbeso seotions of country
are willing to observe the law. /
There is no disposition or intention cn
my part to require or allow a vindictive enIbroemClteof'
the latin a community where
Danacnoa meir practices. a lenient course
has been pursued in many districts where
the circumstances would warrant it, eud it
frowld afford me great pleasure to know
that the violators of tbe law in the districts
to which you are assigned have returned to
p sense of their doty to tbe general govprqmont,
to observe the law, aod to pny the
tax imposed by it upon their products.
I desire that you shall impress upon cit|xaa*
generally my determination that the
laws shall be enforced in an orderly and
lawful meaner, avoiding all unnecessary
collisions, and by offioers who are permanouC
itiseus of the districts or divisions to
whioo they are appointed, sod are men of
respectability, integrity, discretion aod
A ooorsgs. 1 wish you particularly to inform
the jpoople that this office ie open at all
timet to hear the complaint of citizens
against the unlawful acta of offioers.
w . s ? aa - -
ID tnis connection you Mitould call attention
to the stringent provisions of Section
3,169, United States Revised Statutes,
which enact that nn officer who is found
guilty of any extortion orwiIful oppression
^ under color of law shall be subject to in^
(tyttment, and, on conviction, shall be fined
unt leas than one thousand, uor more than
five Hjoutand dollars, and imprisoned not
- * *?
a *
V. i'tv"* i1 '< '?
1
_ ? w .w Mi* wvuu iv ivuuur <1
judgment against the officer or agent for
the amount of damages sustaiucd by the
party injured, to bo collected by. execution
Under the provisions of this section the
citizen has an nuiplo remedy, and I know
that the Courts of the Uuitcd States would
be us ready to afford rolicf to the citizen
against the unlawful acts of officers as to
puuish ths citizen for violations of the law
The laws of tho United States arc enacted
by the representatives of tho people, and
ajo designed to promote the general wclfaro
of the whole people. Tho Courts of tho
United Statptjpfttfur touch the courts of the .
people.tho State Courts, and affl rf tewaV
to protect the rights of citizens ftfl'<he "9t2w
Courts arc.
In my opinion it. in essential to the happiness
and prosperity of the couutry that
commnities should not be kept iu a state of
execitement over the qucstiou of a conflict
of authority between the laws and Courts
of tho United States and those of a State,
and, to avoid this, citizens should bo encouraged
to appeal for redress against tho alleged
unlawful acts of officers of the United
States to the Courts of the Uuited
| UVRIlVOi
You will understand that in writing as I '
do I do not disparage the character or ju- .
I risdiction of the State Courts, but I wish .
to point out to you that the laws of tho
United States not only make provision for ,
misconduct of its officers ; that these taxes J
are to be collected through tho instrumentality
of the officers and Courts of tho
United States, and that all grievances can
be better redressed in the same manner.
Respectfully, Grebn B. Raum, 1
Commissioner.
v
Commissioner Raum Assures the Distillers
that Faith will be kept, and that they arc
Entitled to the Clemency of the Government.
Treasury Department, ") [
Office of Internal Revenue, >
Washington, D. C., August, 2, 1878. j
E. M. Bray ton, Collector, Columbia, S. Q.: |
Sir : From an article in the Netos and illicit
t
the lines of twrspartanburg and Asheville a
Railroad, and surrendered themselves to
Deputy Marshall C. W. Cummings and c
Deputy Collector J. T. Kirkland, who were
accompanied by a United States onmm'm.
sioncr, aud that those parties confessed their Q
guilt and gave bail for their appearance at ^
ourt, and returned to their homes with an t
assurance that if they abstained from fur- Q
thor violations of the law they would not q
be prosveuted. ; j
The comments of the Newt and Courier ^
are very severe upon the officers for th.sir Lg
conduct, alleging that the ilUei^'*4M|p^rc
lers will be the victims of misplaoed confideuce
and will be treacherously dealt with, y
It is needless for me to say to you that I
j
men punished. While violators of Ihe law 1
arm themselves to resist the offioera in the v
them with the most liberal spirit, and in f
doing this I am quite sure I will be fully g
supported by the department of justioe and c
by the President. j(
In portions of Tennessee, Georgia and g
Alabama illicit distillers have placed them- ^
selves in an attitude that would warrant a t
lenient oourso, and it has been extended ^
towards them; and I will be perfeotly will- s
tag to pursue a similar course towards the *
illicit distillers of South Carolina, if thoy t
ac(VI manner to entitle themselves to it. I
If the facts are as stated iu the News
?sd Cbsnr, thatuMMkar of illicit dia- n
tillers have surrendered themselves, you are (
authorized in the mo?t public manner to c
announce that the government will act in u
the utmott good faith towards them, and if
thoy abstain from violations of the law and c
Anntriklllo tn a rmKlin aAntimi>n?
to the enforcement of the law, they will
placo themselves in a position to eutitlo thcin ||
to the clemency of the government, and 1
have no doubt will receive it. Very
respectfully, c
Grken P. Kaijm, Commissioner. t]
phatrr from Hydrophobia.?A most a
remarkable death from hydrophobia oo- 1
ourred on the 23d instant, near Lamar, iu o
Barton County, Mo. The viotim was a t
prominent oitisen of that locality, named a
John Halem. Twelve years ago he was I
bitten by a mad dog, and the wound healed s
up, never giving him any pain, and the oc- 11
currence had ucarly been forgotten. On t
F^ay he waa suddenly taken with convul- t
sions of a terrible naturo. lie continued ?
thus ^til Tuesday, when he died. The a
a k i-i-? w- j
mm lov %TfU \4UJB VI Uia OUUVUWIUUS HO WOO I
perfectly rational, and on Sunday boon mo c
crazy. Ilia death and Bufferings were ter- J
rible to witness, it taking four stout men to 1
hold him. He leaves a wife and two chil- t
dren. )
?- ?w?vbav/I^IHA. A
Ever since the war the ?afo|cemental
the government tax on whisknyjhas led t*
difliculties and occasional 00>f ficts iu tl*
mountain districts of Teuuessftf, the Carolinas
and Georgia, where small ^tills abound
and the tax is regurdod as nu intolerable
exaction. These difliculties h?ve not been
coutiiied, any more thau the business of illicit
distilling, to tl^psc States. They have
occurcd at the North, where the balk oi
"crooked whiskey" is JitadeanU the largest
and most successful frauds up-jn the revenue
have been committed, In iSrtfoklyu and
other Northcfn titics\hrf>djrt>u?vidMii
havo had to invnWfhd nlfcSfr^S* and proUatio<
of the UniMi^HStates Wddicra and
marines while making^ the seizures. In
these cases, the very cxistence-of the tax
and the opportunity for illegal profit thereby
Drescntcd. have benn th<> nnlii?nn.?"> ?
j . ? - luuuvuuiuilb tU 'III
evasion of the law. In (.ho SoutlK-rp States
we liavo named the case is soiiiewlv.itdifferent.
Long before the war, and b<^rc the
internal revenue law was passed, dfc business
of distilling was carried on 0* a small
icale. lu the mountains a siill was almost
is usual an adjunct to an orchard a brew
nouse is to an old fashioucd English homeitcad,
or a cider press to a .New ^Kugiaud
arm. The uiauufacture of npplejmd peach
Hraudy was regarded quite as legitimate a
>rauch of furm industry as the preparation
>f dried npnln |H)d jMiinflhffClTityf #arkett?*
|il- i iglT Vl 'TiBasMfcr >?" ii ih~ i.Im'
armors think, of the large "distilleries of
he town. It is not simply tho payincut of
he manufactnrer's tax that is objected to*;
ho numerous and complicated provisions
ind requirements of the law designed to
ircvcnt fraud and insure the collection of
he tax are simply impossible to bo complied
vith by the owners of those small stills.?
deuce tho farmers had to givo up the busiicss
or carry it on eurrcptiliously and at
he risk of the penalties of the law. Hence
he encouragement given to illicit distilling,
>articuiarly iu outlying and remote mouuain
districts, difficult of access, and where
he population aro in sentiment bitterly opwed
to the onforcoment of a law Jfhich
ud sympathisers is not surprising.
A legal complication which is attracting
onsidcrablo attention at this time nas just
:rown out of ono of these occurrences in
South Carolina. A party of four revenue
fficcrs went to a man's house, suspected of
eing engaged in illicit distilling, intending
o arrest him. The man attempted to shoot
ne of them, his rifle, howMtfr, missing fire,
'hereupon the revenue officers shot him
ead. They subsequently surrendered
homselves to the local authorities, by whom
since
(hen rocucted for murder by the grand jury
f the county. These facts coming to the
knowledge of the Internal Revenue Comaissioner,
a demand was made on Judge
Kershaw, the State Judge, for the transfer
if the prisoners to the jurisdiction of tho
JImted States, under the section of the revised
statute# wtybh provides for the renoyal
to the United States Ciroui* Court
imj^p>r * # dm "" *? *???*- - . f .--MviAo?
commenced in State oourts against revehud
inetr . Mtm application
or re dfcovil Kim beeta^ufed by tadge Kerhaw,
upon the ground that the proseution
is not for any act done by the officers
a their official eapaoity, but for au offense
gainst the laws of Sputh Carolina, vis :
lomioide, and that the defense' set up by
he accused, vis.: that they acted in selfiefense,
oan be made as effectually in tho
[tate court as in the Federal court. Judge
r i- -- '?
versuaw signinea nis willingness to have
be cases removed, into the Supreme Court
f the State, nnd<to have bis decision reiewed
by that tribunal. ewfcbet Appeal
night be taken to the Supreme Court of
be United States. Meanwlulo he would
ousent to release the imprisoned governnent
officers on bail.
To this perfectly fair ana reasonable
ourse, it is said, President Hayes and Atoruoy
General Devens were at hrst disused
to accede, but upon the hrst iutination
of such a solution of the difficulty a
lortiou of the Republican press was up in
ruis immediately. Judge Kershaw's decision
was a renewal of the old doctrine of
lullitication. The refusal to surrender the
ecuscd revenue officers to be tried in the
federal court was a fresh act of rebellion
n tho part of South Carolina. To yield
o it for one moment was'a picco (h
idly truckling to the arch-rebel Htud^tofc.
n short, the Radical politicians Ttw a
plondid chanoe once more to wave the
1 _ ? S . m - * ?
moouy snirt and boat Cb? war-drum, mad
alk about rebelliou and treason, and to fire
he Northern heart with memones of Fort
iumter, <fco. Consequently a strong prosure
was brought to boar upon the Prcsilent,
with tho result, it is stated, of iodusing
him to adopt a different course.?
ludgo Bond was oommunicatcd with as to
lolaing a special term of tho Circuit Court
>f Booth Carolina, and to issuing writs ot
iabtai corpus for the imprisoned officers.?
lb
r
?u?a iiuu experience in matter:
f of the kind. Tbo writs, if disobeyed
^ would bo enforced with the whole power o
the army of the Uuitcd States, even if thi
warlike Howard should have to be rccalloi
I lroin the pursuit and slaughter of the fugi
( tive Bauuocks aud other "hostiles" for tlx
purpose. A fine, stirring "issue," it ii
hoped, may thus be prcseuted at the fal
elections; upon the strength of which tlx
. administration ui iy possibly gain scvcra
members of Congress, besides reinstating it
self in thu friendship of that portion of the
party which has been alienated ever sinct
' ^IfP^BiSSP^^^mptoo. ""AM'tliis and
uioro foolish and wicked talk of the kind
one may read in sonic of the Radical
journals. It is refreshing, therefore, in
contrast, to tiud language like the following
in the sober, steadfast Journal nf Cum.'
merer, of New York, which rebukes the
agitators and would-be mischief-makers afI
tor the 1'ollowiug fashion :
>a>5outh Carolina is not loved by some
! people at the North. They cannot forgive
I or forget her past. In every question that
i arises between her and the Federal government
they always try to put her in the
wrong. They assume that she is at heart
L It* " "
us rcociuous as ever, JVlercly legal and technical
controversies, 6uch as come up between
(he Federal power and oue of the Northern
States yilhout attrJotiug any. attention, are
ttggT^w rebellion'
this spirit of unjust judgment they treat a
simple law issue which has been raised in
Sonth Caroliua between ono of bcr courts
and the national government, growing out
of tho arrest of four revenue officers who
killed a uian said to have been implicated
in the illicit whiskty business. The ciueslieus
involved are purely legal ones. Were,
er were not, the four revenue officers acting
in tho Hue of their official duty when
: they entered the house, and was the killing
of the man au official act ? It is not rebellious
to take the stand Judge Kershaw has
taken. Should an exactly similar caso occur
in the North oar citixcns would applaud
the firmness of a State Judge who ahonld
decline to make the transfer, if ho had conscientious
objections to it. While wc have
tho humblest?to which wo first look for
protection against wrong and injustico?
should bo maintained in the fullness of
their lawful scope. If tho South Carolinians
sympathize with their own courts and
their own judges, so should we in a parallel
instance in the State of New York."?.
Baltimore Sun.
Roundabout Way op IIeauino ?
There is a passago from the cavity of the
drbm of the ear to the throat, known as
the Eustachian tube. Ita main purpose
Hpuinn tn Via "'
MW WW ivjjwiawi kuc pi C&SUftf UI
air in the cavity; but under certain circ
us lances it serves to convey sounds to the
inner ear. Writers on physiology record
instances in whioh persons who could not
hear through the external ear were enabled
to do so through tho month. Another
roundabout way of hearing is by means of
the tooth. A simple experiment illustrates
the transmission of sonorous sounds by the
y'o * * * 'wlv'hf-ajqji.
Lay a watch", face downwards, on a Uhle
and stand so far from it that yon cannot
hest -the ticking. Now let one end of a
wooden rod rest t>u the back of the watoh,
and grip the other endf" with the- teeth j
close tho ears with the fingers, to exclude
other sounds, and tho beat of the watch
will be distinctly audible. Other sounds
may bo conveyed in the name manner. If
one end of a very long rod be placed on a
piano and tho other held between the
teeth, one can distinguish the tuuo played
though his ears be stopped. That the sound
is truuuiitted hotter tjrrQUgh solids than
through tlio air tn shown by the old experiment
of suspending a poker or an iron bar
by a cord held with the teeth. If the iron
be struck the sound will appear louder than
when heard iu the ordinary way. Engineers.
when they suspect a leakage or other
mischief inside the cylinder of a steamolivine,
sometimes put 41 small piece of iron
between tho teeth, press it firmly against
the outside of the cylinder, ami close the
ours, when the aouuds produced within become
clearly audible.?Journal of Chemistry.
L*e and Washington.?A word to
Mr. Barnum : When his clown associates
Robert E. Lee with Washington as 0 patriot
who will "always have a plaoe in the
hearts of bis countrymen," he grossly offends
and insults his andieneos. Mr. Barnuin
ought to ste that this beenaneled fool
W M II
is suppressed.? Chicago Inter. Ocean.
Well, Lee was a "lectio the best man" ol
the two, hut Wo of the South don't mind
having Washington associated with him.?
Washington would have b4n as good if he
bad known how. Mr. Barmim's clown
mgo ahead with his oration.?Augusta
mt'efe.
An unpleasant sort of Arithmetic. Pi
visions among families.
s Farmyard Manure.?Everybody will
, admit the statements made by scientific agf
riculturists concerning the luws of plant
e growth and the rclntion of manures to the
1 crop. We all understand that plants never
- take up and assimilate food in solid-forms j ;
; that they must obtain-.that upon which i
1 they feed and grow in a gaseous state from ?
I the atmosphere, (which amounts to fully
) ninety per cent of their entire food,) or in ,
I a liquid condition through the soil; and 1
. that the food elements in farm yard manure
! must go through certain chemical changes >
avail itself of them.?' '
I tests give that a thousand pounds of this I
undeeoinjjosed manure will yield on an average
but five pounds of nitrogcu, six and
a half pounds of potash and a little over
two pounds of phosphoric acid?the most
necessary elements of plant food, and those
which it is essential to supply to the soil
for the perfect growth of afi farm crops.?
So far we agree with those who advocato
the use of patent chemical mixtures as fertilizers,
because we recognize them as the
truths of science?but beyond this we cannot.
For iustauce; we do not believe that nine
hundred aud eighty-six pounds of solid
matter in a thousaud pounds of farm yard
manure is worthless; that it does not act a
most important part iu the economy of plant
growth aud soil improvement, or that it is
just as well if not better to dnmrk ?%...??
? ? .V wwuf |/ WU IO V* CI
the bank, and supply its place in the soil
with fourteen pounds of absolute chemical ^
not to bo forgotten in the makings' paving
and use of farm-yard manure or animal
dung ; its mechanical action in the soil per,
forms a most important part in the growth
of the crop, in bettering the condition of
the soil as the home of the plant, and in
uulocking and rendering available the inert
fertility of "mother earth." The application
of this nine hundred and eighty-six
pounds of uqdccomposed organic or vegetable
matter in every thousand?or about
ninety-five per cent of the bulk of all animal
manures?performs a most essential and
important ageucy on the inorganio and
earthly particles of the soil, in setting free
plant food. Among these may be mentioned
that its fermentation or decomposition
in the soil gives just those jphyeical coa. WV*
a good atari. Besides, as is well known, its
application tosomo soils renders them light,
porous aud readily aerated; assists them in
the power of absorbiug and retaining fertilizing
elements, which would be lost but
for the preseucc and action of these organic
aud vegetable matters in the soil; increases
the amount of dew fall and enables it to
bold the influences of that and of raiu,
much Ionizer than would nthorwien ii.?
case, and gives the soil the ability to gather
and keep the fertilizing gases of the air
and earth, and prevent the mineral elc* _'
uicnts which are in solution in the soil from
beiug carried down beyond the reach of
the rootlets of the growing crops. What
an important agency is this, and how essential
to the growth of the plants !?Maine
Farmer.
No Tramps in tiik South.?The tramps
do not take kindly to the Southern States
?probably because the negroes do not take
kiadly to them. In that region colored
people have charge of the kitchens and '
Vila. I.MIUJUII uioiiiiMu < - ,
ifag mendicants TafwV"
, one reason why so few tramps are to he ,
found in the South. Another reason is ,
that the South does not afford the same
I advantages for nlnnder and free living that
are tdHe'fbnndaB,t)ip North. There was
an irruption of tramps inttf Louisiana Iqst,
winter during the sugar-making season.?
They pretended to be in search of work,
but wboo furnished with employment, they
soon showed that they were not fascinated
with it. They wandered from ono plantation
to another, and became as much disgusted
with the country as it was with them.
The negroes showed them no favor, and the
planters closed their doors against them.?.
They were found to be an uudosirable ac?
cession to the population, aud the New Orleaus
Democrat advises that "if there is,
more cotton produced than can be picked;
by our own people, it is better to let it rot,
away than bring down this visitation of
tramps upon us, under tho delusion that,
i thoy will do auy work."
Atple Dumpling.?Use good sized,
rather tart apples, pare, and remove the
cores ; envelope each separately in puff paste
> and tie it in a piece of cloth ; boil or stoam
i for one hour. Before serving, remove the,
cloths, cat a piece from each and put ii^t
i some sugar and fresh butter; replace the
piece of paste, and sprinkle with powdered
sugar. If preferred, they may bo served
1 with liquid sauce or sweet cream Th?
same oorr&pondeht. sends
> m
| Baked Apple Dumplings.?Pare and;
. core smooth apples of uniform size, and fill
i the cavity of each with sugar and a little
i cinnamon. Divide the paste into as many
i parts as there are apples; roll esoh piece
out square, and inclose an apple in it, slight*
ly wetting tho edges to make them stick.?
Bake iA shallow pans, and serre with hard
sane*.
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