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gaga??as as??mmmg "I* a TBE DYING WIFE, BY U. M. T. Lay my babe upon uiy bosom, Let tuo Teel her sweet. warm breath I A strange chill is passing o'er me, And 1 know that it is death. Let uie gaze once on the treasure Scarcely given, ere I go? ^ Feel her rosy, dimpled fingers Wandering o'er my cheeks of snow. I am passing through the wateis, But the blessed shore appears, Kneel beside uie, husband dearest, l<et me kiss away thy tears. Wrestle with the grief, as Jacob Strove from midnight until day ; u win seem an nngel s visit, When it vanishes away. Lay my babe upon my bosoiu? Tis not long I'll know she's them, See how to my heart she nestles? Tis a pearl I'd love to wear. Tell her sometimes of her mother; Veu will call her by my name, Shield her from the winds of sorrow, If she errs, Oh ! geutly blame. Lead her sometimes where I'm sleeping, 1 will answer when she calls ; And my brcith shall stir her ringlets, When my voice in whisper falls ; And her mild blue eyes will brighten? She will wonder whence it cauic? In her heart when years roll o'er licr, will *ir?<I iiothor'n name. If in after years, beside thee Sits another in my chair, If her voico is sweeter music, And her face tliun mine more fair ; If a cherub calls thee "Father," rur more ucauiliui I linn litis, Love your first-born, Oh ! my luisbnml, Turn not from the motherless. APPLICATION OF COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS. f An Essay read before (he Summer Meeting of the. State (*rangc\at Anderson, S. C.,on the 8th of August, 1877, by Col. Thomas Taylor, President of the State. Agricultural and Mechanical Society. Since the early settlement of the continent, the products of the soil have been the basis upon which our prosperity rests. We are an agricultural people and require peace and quiet for the pursuit of agriculture.? Originally, the natural fertility of the soil was very great; the timber was cut down and destroyed to cuable the farmer to grow those products which fed and clothed the people of this country and a large portion of the people of the world. The system pursued by the farmers was to cut down the timber and plant the snuic crop yearly without any rest to th* land, until it became almost unproductive; then they turnad their uttentiou to clearing more land, and the same ruinous system was pursued until the whole country was cleared and exhausted in what arc known as the old settled tStates of tins continent. So soon as this system of | cultivation had exhausted the most productive laud in South Carolina, our people began nioviu^ to new States which were rep resented as more fei tilo,-wt?o? the same system of planting and cultivation was pursued, until they, too, became nxhausted to a great degree. It is apparent to us all that the result must be the same so long as this system of agriculture prevails. Peace aud quiet reigned over the land for almost a century j then came about a sectional trouble, which upset our State government aid changed our system of labor. It then became necessary to resort to a different plan aud mod* of preparations to make the products upon the exhausted lands pay the producer. How was this condition of things to be relieved ? That was the question to the farmers. He felt very little disposed to make an effort with almost a certainty uf t:> 111 ?-r> Sftill sfiiinuliimr iiiikI lir? ilnn? - i n "",,u w ctiablo him to support ami educate his children. It was impossible to make enough llluuuru Ult li\o iuvtfti io cnp|ily fo tllp pyH.'IIISted laud what the plant required, and lie felt disheartened at the prospect. The improvement in agricultural implements had been very great, and ho naturally turned his attention to supplying this defect in a measure by ploughing and better culture. In some instances this proved successful; in most eases it was ruinous to the land, burying what little soil was left in the land to such a depth that the plant could not reach it to make use of it, for observation proves that the plant does not penetrate beyond a certain depth to find ami take up its nourishment; thus the land became less productive than before. A few years ago the whole country went wild upuu results of experiments by Mr. Dixon, of Georgia, and without calculating the effect of deep ploughing upon the different grades of soil that exists in each State, many plauters adopted the plan laid Dixon for alj.soils ; they made many failures; denounced improved iinpfm" ineiits and deep ploughing, and went back to the old shovel plough without knowing why they had failed. A friend of mine had a plantation 011 wincn nc inougtit jjixoii s ploughing and culture would produce similar results, lie read Mr. Dixon's articles with great care and attention ; he bought the mules and ploughs, and he ploughed aud subsoilcd until lie could almost sue the glitter of gold with each furrow the plough turnwd. lie had his land ploughed and harrowed, and ready for the seed beforo his neighbor commenced work. About this time his neighbor, who had the same kind of soil, thrashed down his cotton and corn stalks, and with the old short shovel plough reversed the old beds, and planted his crop. My friend, whose place looked like a garden, could not hut feel a pity fertile failure that was ahead for his neighbor. Both crops were planted, and both eauie up. My friend's heart went out ia sympathy over the feeble effort niadu by his neighbor. But In! the neighbor's crop soon passed his in size, and continued to do so up to harvesting. The i.sult r?f i harvest was still greater than between the growth and fruiting ; and he, disgusted with improved implements, went back to the old ii " " ' ? I i?? J >lg1 ii i? i m shovel plough, and pronounced Dixon n humbug, Hero is a case where all the bearings were not taken into consideration. My friend attempted to uccomplish in one year what Mr. Dixon had takcu probably live years to do, turuiug the laud shallow at first, and increasing the depth gradually, by which means ho preserved what there was of soil left upon the land for the use of the plant. ^ The success of the farmer has been the result of cxperiuieut, and not of knowledge; and so long as we work in tho dark ua specified result can be certain. It is salt evident that all land must he ploughed, but how it should be ploughed depends upon the character of tho soil. Sandy soil should be ploughed shallow Grst; it may be subsoiled to auy depth, and the ploughiug may i ~.w.i - * ?v uvv|ii.mv? vnvii jviii nuiiuui injurv lu land or crop. Clay mid bottom laud can bo ploughed deeper, following with the subsoil, ami increasing the depth in ploughiug yeurly.? All land should be ploughed iu the fall and winter, and got the benefit of frost audjee; laml gets a great deal of fructifying pbwer from ice and frost. We now have exhausted land and improved implements which enable us to prepare the land thoroughly for the seed. We need something more.v-sj I Wc get that iu tho commercial manures, ' which supply to the r.lant those chemical properties which have been, exhausted b}" long culture and injudicious mnuugemeut. We tiow have laud and implements, but wc need something to make the land productive to a sufficient degree to pay tho producer. We fiud underlying souio of the laid and waters in the lower part of the State a phosphatic deposit, which, upon being ground and rendered soluble, forms the basis of a manure, which supplies to lands those properties which have been exhausted ? These mixtures, kuowu as a<>iiitimr<?inl uurcs, have become generally used, and have even, with our experimental applications, paid the producer in some iustauces. This vast source of wealth to the State and farmers seems to be providential, and is the means by which we will be enabled to recover our losses in a great measure. If the farmers had known how to make proper use of this discovery, their lands would have improved yearly, instead of failing, after repeated applications of fertilizers. It is almost the universal system of the farmer to apply the cotton seed, with its increase by the use of commercial manure, tosouic other exhausted land, instead of returning the same to the land that made it. Thereby they render the land less productive each year, after the lirstorsecond application. Thissjstem will not build up our exhausted lands, but have the reverse effect. The rotation of crops in some degree removes the difficulty, but even that will not effect it entirely. You must return all the increased production of an acre of laud, which is used as manure, to the same laud, and not attempt to build up two pieces of land with the production of one. .>'() taint can niuml auuli ami puy the producer. The best tftirteticc or Tn"c fertility of our lauds is that they have been able to stand such a system of culture and produce anything. 1 have traveled over some of the best farming lands in the Northwest, the New England and Middle States. The snino svsti'in u-milil anil ili.l IV..- n ...... - ?J - .... .. ...... , .. lidci those lauds very poor. The oxvuers, however, saw the error of their culture, and adopted a system of rotation?planting a piece of land once in tluce years, sowing grass and limeing. What was the result? Their lands increased in yield steadily until they surpassed their virgin state. The same thing can be done hero, with equal success, by u rotation of crops?sowing peas and clover and turning in the same. Do not take these from the land because they look so tine and you are short of rough food for your mutes anu caulc. .'rt.^ of our lands cannot he disputed. No State has more natural advantages than South Carolina We can grow a!l the crops that arc grown on the continent, trout the olive and banana down to the most substantial needs of a people. Whero can we fiud such an Eden? Yet, \^ith these natural advantages, we are poor. Gentlemen, the remedy is within our reach. First, we must settle in our minds that we will stay where we are. There is no hotter place to move to, and then we must work in the constitution of the land. The land holds the power to prepare the food lor the plant, hut you have to put the material into it. iust as von snnnlv th? - ;? "> > J ? ?i i"J stomach with food, which is then churned up and distributed to make blood, bone and muscle. [low is the fertilizer to be used with the largest result to the farmer? Is it by applying large quantities to the acre ? 1 cnit phatically say no. You require only'"what the laud will utilize for the plant to consume; and all over that suply is wasted for that year, and I think is lost to the farmer.? How will you ascertain the quantity the land will euablc the plant to use? Up to this time that has been experimental and calculated by the result obtained. In some instances it has been remunerative; in others the rovers*. 1 assert, without lear of contradiction, that fertilizers cannot be used successfully without ascertaining?tfirst, what tho laud has been exhausted of; second, what quantity of fertilizer the land will enable the plant to consume. This can lie obtained only by analysis. This would bo exnonsivo to the farmers simdv. hut not so i # r> j t ? ? ? as a whole. There is one fai t to bo kept in mind. The constitutional tone of the larkl in lint be partially restored before you cat reap largo results from the use of fertilizers. Land that will produce (J00 pounds of seed cotton without the aid of fertilizers will cor-, tainly prod tie from one-third to one-half more by their use. It mav double the yield. That, however, Would he too large an esti mate, an a general rule. I hav- had, with the application of litMi pounds of Pacific guano, on river land, a yield of 1,2(10 and J,50o pounds per acre of seed cotton, which i did not yield uiore than 500 to 600 pouuds t without it. I have also hud the suuic result . froui the fitiwan, both beatiug l'eruviau i guano. This laud, however, seemed purtic ularly adapted to the application of fertili; acre, aud the crop has uevcr fallen back iu t the past four years. These lauds were i cleared by the Indian, before the white man i settled the country. >Tbo manner and mode of applying fertili 'Trer* is very uniform; it is sowed in a deep ; furrow and the dirt lapped upon it?the coti ton being plauted upon the top of the bed. Sometimes a second application is made after , tho cotton is thinned to a stand by runniug a furrow close to the cotton, sowing the fertilizer and throwiuga furrow upon it. This sccoud applicutiou gives a new impetus to the plant, uud goes far to perfecting its fruit if there is enough vitality in the land to give sustenaucc to the plant for so long a time. Tbero is very often visible i:i the mouth of August upou the cottou plaut what is called rust by many farmers. The I 1 ? ? ~ leaves uecay auu Urop o.ft and the plant dies. I say it is uot rust in most cases, but proceeds from the soil being unable to supply food any longer, the fertilizer having exhausted all the vitality that was in the land for that crop. The cotton had attained a good size, well fruited, all opened and '"yi2*cd'early in September. It uiny be said liy some that preaching and practice are two different thiugs. 1 admit that you may preach nlways, but unless we practice wc cannot expect to cure the land of poverty. The longer the land is without uicdiciue and food for the plaut, the more difficult will be the task of building it up. There is uo time like the present to begin with the remedy. Titos. Taylou. Highland County, S. C. Young ladies, if they only knew how disgusting to men slovenliness is, and how at tractive arc displays of ucatncss and taste, would array themselves in the simplicity and cleanliness of the lilies of the field ; or, if able .? 1 .1-- - " 1 kj iiHiuij;? in eosny amrc, iney woutu s;miy the harmonious blending of colors which nature exhibits in all her works. A girl of ^jood taste aud habits of neatness, can make a more fascinating toilet with a dollar calico dress, a few cheap ribbons and laces, and such ornaments as she can gather from the garden, than a vulgcr, tawdry creature who is worth thousands, and has the jewelry and wardrobe of a princess. SOMETH1 IM)1CI{ rL' NEW STORE AT r JAMES H. IH, AVINO purchased the entire interest of his Friends mic of the former owner that ho w GROCERY At tlio O and will always keep a l'ull PLANITATIO Table and other Cutlery, Plows and Plo Ca WOOlJA^i A Ti L BRAN D S 0 F which lie ' P K I C K w rr o wu I respectfully invite the old Inc and any 11 umber of new ones, to C A L L A N J You will find two "Live young to wait on you, and what we cam asking for or having. Call at tlio lioc 11* you want good bargains, pol tion. rr O T II O H K HAVING sold out my entire interest anxious to settle up all outstanding ind any way indebted to me to come forward an< My Bo oka and Accounts aro still at the S t r it l .1 a. _ James 11. iiouger, is einpowercu 10 uianc Mnrcji 2 i r ATTENTION OOT - . Yqu can save TIME, TI By using the Celebrated WEST'S GUANO l? A I.EN I f MO'H (' HI nit Hindu roil by (lOHFIt. < OX W. A. NICHOLSON March l'i, A ARTKMUS WARD TO A LITTLE FRIEND. This letter has never before appeared in priut, and the original is in possession of a gentleman of this city. We vouch for its geuuiueuess. It will at once strike the reader as being eminently characteristic? "true to life. Salem, Mass., June 18, 1864. My Dear Amelia : I canuot tell you how jnuoh 1 miss you. It seems as though 1 had lost all my relatives, includiug my grandmother and tho cooking stove. Why didn't I put you iu a bottle aud briug you down hero with mo? But I am always forgetting something. Tho other day 1 weut off and forgot my Aunt Sarah, and she is a good deal bigger than you are. Mr. Ramsey is also a very forgetful man.? lie frequently goes off und forgets his washerwoman. Mr. Ramsey is a very fiue looking man. lie reminds me of Mr. Green, il.. *f_u i tin " uju iumui'ii uiuruercr. ? nen mr. Jtvumsey goes to the penitentiary, which will be very soon, we must send hiui doughuuts, magazines and other literary documents. Mr. Ramsey cau read print very well. 1 like you very much. I should like you just as well if you were twelve years older, i am very siugular about some things. You spoke to mc nbvut ? bt>jr wlio in my rival. 1 should feel very sorry to kill that boy, but he may drive me to it. 1 am in hopes that lie will take himself into a premature tomb?that lie may choke himself with a largo slice of puddiug, but if lie docs ueithcr I shall feel forced to load him with chaius and read all uiv lectures to him.? That will finish him. His boots may remain, but the rest of him will havo perished miserably long ere I have got through! You must bo a good little girl and always mind your mother. Never let your excellent mother feel sorry that she is acquainted with you. If it hadn't been for her you might have got drowned iu a soup-plate long ago. And if you hadn't ever had any mother, you might now bo in Turkey with the other Turkeys. In fact, my dear Amelia, so conduct yourself, that oven on dark and rainy days the bright sun may*shine wherever you are, and that the stars (which are next to the sun iu brightness,) may never Hash so brilliantly but that you can always look ste&dily and hopefully towards them. Faithfully your friend A. Ward. I >; (i NEW 'HE S(0)1N". pE OLD STANDT RODGER : i fallier, Mr. JOUN RODGER, is hie Grocery 1 Oll?t011X01*S5 ill continue the , BUSINESS 1<1 Ntand, stock of all kinds of Groceries, N SUPPLIES, w Steel, nned Fruits, Meats, Oysters, &c., TOBACCO, & c & c will soil at 1 T T 11 E rr I 31 13 ? . nids and customers of the house, L) TRY M E. men," standing ready at all times lot show and sell you is not worth < >l?l HilLXld ite attention, and perfect satisfacJAMES H. RODGER. I IN DEBTUD, in tlio flroccry Business, to my sou, I aui lebtcdncss. I, thereforej call upon tlios6 in i make settlements immediately. tore, and if I am not present my son, Mr. settlements. JOHN RODGER. 8 tf rroTN PLANTERS ! IOUBLE AND MONEY, "FARMERS" FRIEND' DISTRIBUTOR, OTOIV PLANTEN, ?V iM A It li liKV. (jrocnvillc. b. I, Agent, Union C. H. 10 filii" i- t-"* Greenville ftfid Columbia R. R, * CHANGE OF SCHEDULE. 4 Passenger Trains run daily, Sundays excepted, connecting with Night Trains on South Carolina Railroad up mid down. On and after MONDAY, May 29th, tbo following will be tbo schedule : cp. Leave Columbia at *.46 a In Leave Alston ?...<.. 9.80 a u Leave Newberry <<...; 10.60 am . - - Leave Cokesbury 2.17 pm Leave Belton 4.00 pm Arrive at Greenville .. ?... 6.86 p m * ik) wn. Leave Greenville at 8.06 am Leave Belton 9.65 a m Leave Cokesbnry 11.88 a ni Leave Newberry 2.40 p m Leave Alston 4.20 p m Arrive at Columbia 6.65 p to ANDERSON BRANCH AND BLUE R1DGB DIVISION. dowk. vp. ? Leave Walhalla....G.lo a m Arrive 7.16 p m Leave l,erryville...7.00 a m Arrive 0.40 p m Leave l'endlcton...7.60 a m Arrive 6.00 p m Leave Anderson...8.60 a m Arrive 6.00 p m Arrive at Belton...9.40 a in Leave 4.00 p iu THOMAS DODAMEAD, General Superintendent. Jabf.z Norton, Jr., General Ticket Agent. June 9^1870^ 28 tf HA MP TO N H OXJ SE m MAIN STREET, 1 SPARTANBURG, So. Oa, S. B. Calcutt, (Formerly of Palmetto House,) Pronrletor. HOUSE WELL VENTILATED, M ROOMS NEWLY FURNISHED AND CARPET- ^ ED?TABLES SUPPLIED WITH THE BEST IN MARKET?ATTENTIVE SERVANTS?OMNIBUS TO ALL TRAINS. TWIMS #2.0O PER RAY. Jan. 12, 1877 1 tf PAINTS AND OILS. ftnseedtHl. Haw and Boiled. Machine Oil, ' ?: " Turpentine, Kerosene Oil, Colors In Oil, Tarnishes, Window Glass, Pnttjr, Sand Paper and Glazier's Paints. For Sale by A. IRWIN it COMarch 2 8 J",f' tf ENCOURAGE HOME PEOPLE AND II <? 111 e Enterprise. GEORGE S. HACKER A SON S FACTORY, Charleston, S. C. milE only Door, Sash and Blind Factory JL owned and mnnaged by a Carolinian in this City. ALL WORK GUARANTEED. Always on hand a large Stock of Doors, Sash, Blinds, Mouldings, Brackets, Scroll and Turned Work of etcry dcsciiption._ ..?ia*?re * at Manufacturers' Prices. G. & T. Flooring Boards, and dressed Lumber ot every description, delivered at Union at the 'out*/ figures. March 3. 1876. 9 ]y SAMUEL S. STOKES, Attorney nt L>a\>AND TRIAL JUSTICE, I'11 ion C. II.. S. C., WILL practice in the Circuit and Probate Courts. All business in the jurisdiction of a Trial Justice attended to with promptness. Special attention given to collections, kc. Office for the present, third deor to the left in ths Court Ileuse. March 2 8 tf WM.F.TTENOKR. 11. T. KDMOKl*. Ettenger & Edmond, M a n. ii i*u*cYilV ft f- m o * Portable and Stationary Engines, BOILERS OF ALL KINDS, CIRCULAR SAW MILLS, GRIST MILLS, MILL GEARING, SHAFTING, PULLEYS, kc. AMERICAN TURBINE WATER WHEEL, CAMERON'S SPECIAL 8TEAM PUMP8. Wend foi* Catalogue. Nov._10, 187G 45 ly REMOVAL. F. 91. F A It It d CO., HAVE removed their Stack of Groceries to. the Store opposite B. F. Ravrls & Co., alongside the Hailroad, where they will always be .?*? pleased to meet their customers. ^ A full Stock of Groceries and Plantation supplies will nlways be kept for sale at the lowest market prices. Feb 2 4 Scuppernong "Wine. # WHITE Imperial Scuppernong Wine at A. IRWIN k CO'S. March 80 12 tf ( rape Brandy. 1)URE Grape Brandy for medicinal purposes. A. IRWIN k CO'S March 80 _ _ 12 tf Pure Corn Whiskey, PC RE Mountain Corn Whiskey, for mcdiciaa^^p purposes, for sale at A. IRWIN, k CO'S. Feh 9 6 tf_ Teat* I Tciw 11 I7MNE Black and Green Tea for sale at 1 A. IRWIN k CO.'s. Feb 0 5 tf Cholfc Camliea. ^ DELIGHTFUL Ico Cream Candy, Centcn'i*l Fruit,Cocoannt, Chocolate, Pea Nut. and all other Fancy Candies. B. F. BAWLS 1 CO., No 1, East Union. April r> 18 tf Eggs Without Eggs. V (111EAT preparation for making Cakes Puddings, Fritters, Batter Cakes, Muffins and any other Pastry without Eggs B. F. BAWLS A CO. No 1, East Uuion. April C Fl tf