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" r+ V _ ENS, S. 0. i IIL 1(SVA Y, OCTOBER 1; -- - illi 11il1tY OF A HERO. LEAVIIS FROM TH F LIFE OF FIGIIT. INO DICK AN1)ERSON. Southern Men in Norlhern Armies-An Al ternative of Duty or Sult-Interest-H. II. Anderson a Case in 'oint-ieminiscec(' of His Early Life ni the RIecord of Iis Military Carcor. (By a Member of Ills Military Family.) Those ofilcers of the army and navy of the United States who in 1861-62 were called upon to sever their connection with the service of which they were justly proud, and to which all of their youth and most of their mature years had been dovotLd, constituted a bravo and gallant band. They thought little of politics. Many of them had been for years sepa rated from home ties, and now, by the action of their States, they were con fronted by a question of duty on the one hand and on the other of yielding up their own interests and their love for the banner under which many of them had won renown in the past. A DELICATE QUESTION. They had been educated firm believers in the doctrine of States' Rights; they felt their allegianco first due to their States, but to obey her call meant for them the sacrifice of hopes of a life-time, and to some want and poverty, il place of a comfortable support, of which they had reasonablo assurance. All must be surrendered or else they must be (leaf to the call which was imperative and left 1 no option. How few hesitated, and those who put duty, as they saw it, a ove 1 all else, surely deserved much from their companions. A SON OF SUMTEn. One of this number is the subject of this little sketch. Born in Sumter county, in the State of South Carolina, of od a;d honorable ancestry, reared on the , soil of that State, there he received his 1 early education. Sent thence to West Point he graduated in the class of 1812, and was appointed a brevet 2d lieutenant in the 1st Dragoons, United States Army. In the Mexican war he served with his regimentand was brevetted for gallantry. After its termination his pliincipal duity was in the distant \Vest. At Fort Kear- 1 noy, in Nebraska,' he was doing light i duty, and hoping for promlotion 5"Oue day. Vhen the war between the St:'tes 1 bpeamo a certainty, though so far away, the call of the State to arms in her do- , fence was immediately obeyed. I he re- 1 signed his conrnissionl in the United States Army, hastened home and ton- t dered his sword to the Governor of tt,h eI Carolina, and was appointed colon( 1 of the 1st regiment of State Troops, I iwn on Sullivan's Island. The liuthnant colonel of this regiment was another son of South Carolina, who was soon ap pointed a brigadier general in the a my 1 of the Confederate States, and 'w hose I Jife's blood was poured out at M1ansassa., I while bearing the brunt of the batte, and urging his troops to emulate the steadiness of Jackson's heroes, "stan<ing I like a stone wall." When Barnerd E. I Le (lied the State lost a son whose alili- t ty cud d". otion to her cause woulu have been a bright and shining light, anId 1 c.so record would have proved him the i peer of the worthiest of those whose swords hashed in her (lefelice. ANDEIISON AS A COroNEL. Peculiarly modest and retiring, almost u self-depreciating in dis)OSition, t.he quiet, unobtrusive colonel, who doubted his I ability to ho of much service, exept. as commander of a small body of the arm f to which he had been accustomed, was i destined in a few short months to he known throughout (en. Lec's army as "Fighting Dick Anderson," to enjoy the fullest confidence of that great con mander, and the love and admiration of rs gallant a division of heroes as ever vent to war. A PuoMIsE OF' (nEATEn TruliNos. At Williamsburg Richard 11. Ander son vas temporarily in conimand of Long stree4's division, of which his own bri' gade (afterwards 'Jenkins's) formed a part. There those who kmnow the mnan and relied on his courage and skill first had assurance that their expectations would not bo disappointed. At Seven Pines Anderson's bri'ide won the admiration of the aramx; it pierced the Cenemy's lino~ and captured Geon. Casey's camp. Of this chlarge Gen. Johnstoni wrote that R. H. Anlderson's brigade of Soulth Carolinians bore a prominent part in t.he contest. At one time outilanked and almost surrounded, he not onlly aivei ted its danger by masterly mamouvring, but I held the ground he haid won. IN THE THIcK OF THEm FnAY. During the seven days of battle around Richmond Anderson was in the thick of the fray. At blood-stained Gaines' farm~ he was conspicus. There, as nght approached, and McClellan still held the plateau around the house, Longstreet rode up to Anderson and( said that the position must be carried b)efore night and that his brigado was the last 1he had to seod. T1hisl was not p)lelaat tidingi to wearied troops who had been fighting for twelve hours, b)ut Anderson p)romiptlV y answered, "If any one brigade can (do it mine can." In a short time M~cClellanu was driven from his last vantage grounId and the "masterly change of base" w as a forced necessity. GOINO UP H1IIHEnI. Anderson was no0w p)romotedl and had to part with his old brigado. is div'i sion, composedl of b)rigades fromf irTIgin1, Georgia, Florida, Alabama and Missis sippi, which had not previously see( . much ative service, soon provedi itself worthy of its gallant commander, anel gained a re mutationi second to non in the army. Vith i the had a place at the Second Manassas. Thence he led it into Maryland, whore, b~y dlarinig auldacit), lie assistedl in holding Franklin's hoa, in check at Pleasant Valley until Illar per's For ry surrenldered, and thenCf huIrri 1 bac tothoaid of Genl. Lee's atten~uatl army lat SI arpsburg. .1n that hattle Al' dorson whas reverely wounhded1, hut r: taiin)ed tihe conmmand of his division ui thle crisis hlad passed(, when lhe was lift2 from his horsi fainting fromi loss t bAoo F~rederickaburg his position w.~as the left of Mi'arye's lill, where IBurnailb 'was ('exc to maoke his attack, wte h<4 wover, made hlis light further to t ln right. HiLs infantry was niot engag e, -bu' his batteries did good eervice. AN 0onsTINATFI F'oEMAN. For the remlaind r of the' ninter A i derson's commIrand remainedo near Fa u \ ricksburg. Two of his brigades h. 1 ed the Rapahannook, and then advanced on Claucollorsvillo. The two brigades were reinforcod by a third and Anderson in person. With this small force he ob stinately contested every inch of ground and delayed hooker's advance until .daclson could bring up his troops, who at once assumed the offensivo and pressed looker back to Chancelloraville. While Jackson's famous flank movement was in progress, Anderson held Leo's centre. 'ho battle was terrific, as hooker again and again tried to break through the thin line. The woods ocreened the weakness of tho Confederate line, which was so fearfully stretched, in order to cover the necessary ground, that in some places tho men were six feet apart; yet Hooker was held to his position until Jackson could strike the fatal blow. ANOTITEn 1iuCMOND. hooker had hardly heeii defeated when 3edgowick crossed the river at 1"reder icksburg, carrying Maryo's Heights and threatening (ien. Leo's rear, lie was first checked at Salem Church. Ander son's tired troops had been fighting for live days and nights, but when (Ion. Leo 3alled upon them, they cheerfully coun 5ermarched and drove Sedgewick across he river. Anderson, in a marked man ier, received (en. Lee's thanks for the ieroic conduct of his veterans, and was ocommended for a lieutenant general's 3ommission. AT OII TY5ui(. The second crossing of the Potomac oon followed, and the battle of (Jettys murg. Anderson took no part in the attle of the first day. On 'the second uS (livision, except one brigado which ad been ordered to report to Longstreet, onfronti Cemetery H ill, which he was rdercd to charge when Longstreot's fire 'cached his right flank. This it never lid, but Longatreet's attack being hard )ressed, Anderson was ordered to make diversion by assailing the position in us front, which was llLndsomely done. L'he works were carried, and had it be n1 )ossible to send him oven two brigades if supports, the battle of the third had ever been. None could be sent., and eluct:ultly he had to witlhdraw to his riginal position. The division felt this epuls'3 keenly, and it was at:Lted that its isek hal never before been turned to the oe. it went into battle about t.I000 trong; the morning after it mustired es than i,(i0. With the army it re- I rossed the Potomac and, excepting the bort campai,r at Bristow Station, ro lnamed in cSmp until December. When i leado advanced to Mine lho it marched o meet him, but Meado retired without n engagement. The rest of that winter vas 1imssed around Orange Court House. TilE (7AMPAtoN OF '(1. Early in the sprung Grant opened the amipaign of 18(4. On the 5th of Nay 1 ,ntlerteni was guarding the fords of the apidel agailst cavalry. After the bat le of that day .rders \V('e -entt him to ejian Gen. Lee, but they Wore not re-' (lvi di. A suimting thu resionsibility, vithout ordcr:; as h supposed, becauso iu knew lie mu(lr: bo witc l, hmarched imtil near daylight of the Utb, and reached he neighborhood of the batlefield most Pl)Ortunoly. At dawn of that day, ;rant having run over some of the force a his front was pushing up the road, f udeavoring to gain (len. IL(e's rear. i (ershaw and Anderson, coming from c li11erent directions, reached the field ] bout the Famo time, and Grant's efforts l ] C ci s(on reiiulised. i)urinlg this day, .c'ngstreewtwi severely wounded, and t uer.ion, by his reifueet, was trau_,ferr.L io. ".lie 84 corps (A. P. 1lili':,) and put a command of the 1st (Longstreet's.) 'Ilat night he ainrched to Spotsylvania 1. ., reaching it in time to frustrate raunt's efforts to seize the heights. I He as promoted lieutenant general and his ommission dated the Gtll of May, 1G4; hus lie was the oflicer of highest r.mk rom his State3. The bat tles9 of Spo tsyl amia and~ Cold Il arbor followed the onsbtanlt fighting by nighut and day until ectersburg wals reachled ; in al1l these An terson led I he 1-t corps. Whlen Long treet hlad sulliciently recovered to roswo ommlandI of his troops Anlderson)I relieved 3eauregard, who haid been ordered to JharletorA. With this ne0w commanilid 10 hel thle lines immllediately ill front of 'etersburg, until towards the sprinig of1 8(5, and then reliu<lliihedl them~ to lordon, and took his place onl (Gen. co's righlt flank. ANI)!RlSONs n AsT niATE. Whlen (rant broke thlrough those linens nd1(erson oposed himi as best 11e could, raing a temnporarv advantagLat Gray ily Run; but the endl wase fast apUroachl ng, and e'xhaulsted, starving men cold( Io no( mo)re. At Chourchl Crossing a part f his corps undoer' Pick{ett was baldly (cut ii, anid on1 the ft1t of April lhe fought1 lus last batt.le, when hlis corps, redul to mere hlandfuIl, coul noit standll against 110 heavy nllubers opplosed to it. 1- II!TIo FRoUI FIIIsT TO nAsTr. Ande;uon wvas w'1ithl thle Army of North Irnl Virginuia froml early in 18I2 to the mnd, was never absenMOt from his commllanld mXept' whenI disabled b,y woui(n. '.To ~ivo a full nCcounht of Is career and1 (If hlat of his brigadle, division anud cor ps vould necces;itate, a hlistory of (Gen. L o's randi aurmy and( fill vohInes. T1he warl was Over, thle ouIthi defeated, md11 pla1ce was not ill her gift for thoslle ons who had beeni edulcated for a mIiii ary life and( who hlad surrendered 1al1 ave honoer, in h1er e.mse5. Auderson r: uirnedl to tile 11ome1 of hlis boyhood, im1l )overisheCd and1 withlout, resonurees, tj truiggle on1 in thle (Ifort to gain ai Imengle upport. Utterly unlSulited to thlis new ito 11 lsie was succes.s was a1 balre possibil ty. Dir)asters followed, and( this old( hero of IOunitlessl balttles nas redud iio absoiOl e vanlt, and1 on1 tihe verge of despair. :Sti 010lon (erdl a1 mnurmiur from himln; he luI 10110 the bes~t 110 knowv how, and1( inI tl '1au11 of dulyv wva contenlt to suItler; h1t >etter tim1es were coinig. Thll bt ite 3)11ulInt always rin ULI ill the robbn'. slutchl or undier the oppres1usor's he.1fi >rovidedl for A ndersonl's immledialte wanit. the daIwnI for him1 seiemed to 114 breaIkhli, >ut b efore theIe hlopes could( bet reahzi1d nudorson was suimmone d to rest. lI oil at his lost with all is armor Oi. A troko oif apopleoxy termlinatedl hlis hf', e hoe 58th yeaLr (If hlis age, (Il the~ 25t h fune, 1 M79, anld on the '28th1 (tCaroh a'I hay), 110 was laid away in the old g'rve yardi of St. lolna Chlureh at IBeaufoi THE1 wlAltilIin'a wARFA li o'I:l. 'T1e historian will record hia mlary. life and perhaps toll how the men trusted and revered th man, how the great Let again and again gave exprosion to thc confidence he reposed in him. 'll friends who knew him in life will ro member the amiability of his temper, his lion-like courage, coupled with the modesty of woman; his sincerily und guilelessness, which caused him to think no evil; his pationco under misfortune. his unbounded patriotism, his reliability in emergencies, his willingness to take grave responsibility, even though the honor and rewards were for others, and with one consent will accord to his mem ory the proud placo it deserves in the annals of his people. TIIE HAD AMEItCOAN GIRCL. She hal Her Own Vay, and Must Take the Uonseiuencesi. (From the Kansas City Times.) It is truthfully asked if something cauot he done to protect our women, the poor lambs-something to guard them against the wolves of fortune hunters, footmen, body servants, coach men and the like. No, nothing can bo done. Nothing ought to be done. (od, in his infinite wisdom, never intended that anything should be done. It is simply a qluestion of the survival of the fittest. Every week of the world these women upon whom so much syml)athy is being wasted have to minister unto them Moses and bho prophets. In the way of warning, line upon line and precept upon precept ome to them even in their dreams. If, hen, they got into a matrimonial hell here let them be. Lazarus will no more o to them with a drop of water than he vent to the rich man, praying like a lervish for one. If these alliirs are iffairs of the heart let them break or iarden. Women fit to be American wives and mothers ought to be courted n the good old way, and go to house sceping in the good old way. They do ieither of these things when they per nit themselves to be imposed upon and inally preyed upon by some foreign nountebank, the smell of a civet eat on us hair, a huge brass watch chain and iirt under his finger nails. Tho only vender about all this bogus tittlo busi less is the wonder that American girls ently nurtured, daintily surroundcd, sought for by staalwart", chiv.lrous, well .nowi men of their own country - er ist in going abroad to find husbands, d even atter they have gone abroad hat they cannot tell the pinehbaek from he pure gotl. It does appear as if they night smell the stable-groom through vei his broadcloth and his paethouli; bht all the rognes whose uairony numit nded in oil' or ollaky might be told from he peculiar limp that. never leaves a nun after he has once worn a bull and hain; that the odor of garlic would re real the identity of some ;3haeknoty Fin of a Florentine count; that v.aist -.oasts splotcl>ed with wile, and cravats 'rayed here and there about the middle, ould give warning thra es me .Frcnch ialet had come wooing in his master's ;ast-off clothes. But fashionable society is much to )lame for this, say the apologists of the weet little lambs. No doubt. Fash onable society in some of the larger ities is monstrous, but society eainot ill the woman who does not want to be illod. The glorious crown of pure, true vonanhoodi was never yet strielc i f,tm arthly brow, unless that brow bent ii clui:escence to the hand of the despoil +'. However, it is useless to moralize. L'ho American girl is pretty well undtr tood by the country. When she wants o marry she will marry, even if she carries a wooden Indian in front of a igar store. The -l- ---m-t. Few people seem aware how enonin musly a Petticoat dress of any fsort in reuses the apparent size of the hips un il they have seen theO same persone ini a li fi'renit --i. ti., t wo-legged-dlress. T1ho iabit of wearing a dress which caiuses he duality of the form to be concealed s the true cause of all the errors iand trange contortions which scerm in ep)aratble from women's dress. It comf Iletely alters the character of the figure md causes aln ordinary waist to look argo and clumsy. D)ress a man in a romain's skirt anti his waisi t immediately ippeairs large out of all pIropoertion to its icight, and this result is tihe true cause >f the comp)ression of the v,aist among nest European nations. 'fill it. is re nloved1, it is vain to argue againlst tight acing. Th'le majority of women also em unaware how unbecoming a thing s tho tight hodice, which is the ste'reo yped formi on which their dress boc dices ire made. They imneonisciously try to mnprove upon it by nmaking im itationl eats andi waiistc~oatc and falls of lace b>wn the front. Ir ht with a loose, flap.. >mg skirt an artistic antd bcecomning form >fbdioi out oIf ti 0 question, for onily tight b)odice caln give the hourglass pinch -endered ntecessary by the globular form lhe legs assume whleni encased ini skirts. -From D)ress. ni, thc(Ie 1 I.i (ic Om . Afler thirteenl years of uinsectariani vork ill rescuing, feeding and caring for siteast 1and( abui sed little ones, the cHo iety for the Prevention of Cruelty to hil dren maiikes a special appeal to the >ubbie for assistaniece. Il)uring the put rear it hiis reseced from degrading anid ricious ass'ociations' over 31,1000 childreni, 11nd has pros'etecd 2,029 neglectful >arents andi( empIloyers, of whomi 1,0958 vere conmuvict<d and11( punished. J3esides his the cases of 2,898 children were inl testigated at the reqluest of police jus-. ices, the result being that some 1, 700 vere sent to institutions and the remain Ier found to be improper objets of thle ity 's care. Aunothier branchl of the society's work ins lbeen to gat her ini froml the streets, baised chiild reni, whoc, to t he 1 nmber o ,MP , haveu Ibeen clothmd , shielteredl andum 'cd in its recept ion houses ini vacriousmi >artsm of the city. Tfhe society is ont of debt, but it ieecds umney to enlarge anId coninueiia its work. It is supported entirely b)y vol mntary contribuitions, anid rcivesm not m11 d'ollaIr fromi State or city funic., 'hubscriptions may bcc sent to tis treaM irer, WVilliam L. 'Jenikins, Nmc. 10) l'c l'weinty-thiird street, New Ycork city. It is well enough to bce geneirous,h lon't be geniercus to at fault. A fault is oii mitl ed to any such cnniclrat on EX-MINISTE;K COX ON TURKEY. A Turkish Sialai--Turkish Ilaiuits--Turk leh Wo uen, &c , &c. Tho lion. S. S. Oox's lot turo, "Ob servations upon Turkey," says the- New York Sun of October 3, formed the prin cipal part of the entertainment given by the Stecklor Association at the Windsor Theatre last night. 'J.'hree policemen stood at the entrance, and declared it was impossible for another man to get inside. , Judge Alfred Steckler had hardly fin ished his brief introduction of Mr. Cox when the audienco fixed itself for an hour's laughter, and it refused to put itself into any other attitude toward the uistinguished lecturer, it spite of the evident fact that he sometimes tried to be serious, Mr. Cox began by n aking a Turkish salaani as th most litting way to express his recognition of the honors about. to bo heaped mi' )n him. lie first tried to touch his boot toe without bond ing his knees, thecn llacetd his hititi on what ho aid was his hoart, stuck his linger in his month, scratched his head, and concluded with a sweeping dancing mast'r'n )ow. 'J'he audience didn't care whether all this Hai good Turkish or not; it was funny, and they laughed. "The Turks alwa'ys bcgin the day wvith sunset.," said Mr. Cox, and everybody laughed again. ''My mother-in-law used( to tell me that thu Puritans began their Sunday at suutet Saturda', and I never went back on 'Sunset when I could help it." Mr, Cox referred to his trip in the Soudan under the guid:nce of the Sul tan's comznissionor: "it may seem a strange thing for a man to go to Turkey with only one wife, but, as the man said who had his head cut oil; it was the only one I had. Thu Sultan has 481 wives, and ho has to have their names put on the doors of their rooms. For my part I. have always found one just about as much as I can manage. When J met the Khcdive he said: "'Your Excellency, how in it your country has grown mo fast in popula tion?' "'The attractive forces of our immi gration l'ws and of our Constitl, ion,' I answered. 'But have you got ay of my people over there?' " 'Oh, yes, we have t ,vo. I shipped them y esterday front Alexandria. They ar mummies.' "'Well, it's all right. They couldn't bo of much more use to me, anyhow.' "I ami perhaps the only man in Amer. ica who has ever shaken hands with the Pharaoh of Scripture. Ho was a little tlu ty, but I shook hands with him. My wonder is iot :o inu t that. he was ahle to win inimrtality, but that. he was able to preserve his in.mortalization. "The great liight. of th.ie century will not be abou Ih!,aria or Rounielia, 1 ut will take ,lace in Afgluauistau, betw(n the laud animal Russia and the sea ati mai Great Bniteu. Some of thosu prts ont will live to :c. it. 'The climax of the l' cturcr's eloquence was reached when he began ti describe the Caucasian women who replenish the harems of Constantinople. '"They appear on the streets as women do in New York, butt the eyes--the eyes! --such eyes as I never saw elsewhere. These women belong to the stock from which our ancestors spruug. T1he'y are beautiful, wouderful Womai, compnact in form, noble of mein, graceful in move ment, maid mi "enl iti speech. The Trkish race will b,e replenished from Caucasia tiiue anti again. "On the bridge between Se'itari and Constantinoplo sevellty-to., nations are represented iti the pa:.hc rs to and fro, dillerent in costuie, langu!ge and iuan iers. How does the Sultan harmonize these diverse ,nations? The sreret of governmnent is the samne that was ob served in the ancient empires of Oreece and Roes -it is home rule-the systett of trnibal relationts which hats pirevailed from the datys oif Abraham. ltach tibet has its head, anud its own system of ttaxa tion, and this plan prevarils from~ ic Euphra-tes to I lie A<diatie. Crete han its own legislature. It is this system whtichb hast kept- the 'Turkishi Empiro together so long, in spiteoOf its many enemnies.'' .Mr. Cox gave somne specimens of TIurk ish humor, isul mentioned the fact that. more would be found in a certain boo1(k about to be published. In conclusion lhe stid that lie hoped the day was far dis tant when the aibl-, just, honest and vigilant Sultan shouli lose his hold upon the Orient. Somne 3011 boatts of item eight to twenty totis butrd eit, amnd withI crews of, in the aggregate, tabout 2,50) meni, tmostly tie gro slaves, are etngaged in the pearl fish eries of the lied Sea, whichi yield fronm $100t,000t to $150, 0010 a year. One-thtird of the iticome the ownuters oif the vessl retain; the remainiming two-thirtds are dhis tribuuted amonig the crews, which makes ain average of $30) to $10 a year to every man. .iu former days I)jeddah, tnetar Mecca, ini Arabuia, was the poirt where tall the peatris were taken anid sol; but sine the governtment imptosed tin import <hity oif eight per cent. upotn the pearls the fishers cotimenced ctarryinig their shelIs to Mtassowah iand Suatkitt, on the African (cot, wvhere they hiav(t oinly one( per cen-lt. of duty to paty. At present thle littler poerts receive aboiut thtree-tuattrt irs of tie enitirte yield, hatrdl y e-qitarter of1 it st ill goitng to I )jeddah. hFromI these po(rtsa the pearls tare tr'anisported to Cairo ad Alexandria, ini lower Egypt, whence mnost of thiem go to Trieste, upon the Adriatic Sea, few only reaching L ontdoni and liia vre directly from Egypt. I F15iM ihsh? Itn, Wthere Antgel' FenI'gr to Trt l." fly an i n-He. re' t io t- i as att res 4 nevo' n tiinttlti taie dib'iityg Ion Iw bwi ng; e l ightt't' .ii dritifi(,eias tcc ir pre (it ofthe i . I n,-:h- . so ii . t e prlfitt, N.f ((4.. th 1( he lof teg tI . . tawdu,s ti- ande- petrlu r eing litit (4 yaihitike tof co iedy the passage 1f(th. CINA'S GIREAT WALI A MYTH. Surprleing Statemnent Mmle by ait 1renacht Mieionairy. (From the Lonlan Times.) Abbe Larrion, formerly a nissit iln v to China, has 1)1lulished a pm l u! (Paris, Leroux,) on the Great W, ii (. Ohina, to demonstrate that this struaetr does not exist and has never existtd. The popular belief is that tis wd! stretches for about eight ltuu red leagues across China, from th(, ;(ea tO the province of Kau--ua. Ta'lt it i. wholly constructed of cut stoein, and ii; thirty oubits high by twelve bro. It is elieved to run straight on regar d less of obstacles. going doawn valleys and up mountains, without lireak, exoept such ais time has made, along its ildk course. This notion originated with a Jesuit named Martini, who visited China abjut !:>0, and his descriation was fol Jred by aubscilnent writers. M. Lar rieu has lived for several years nder what wonli have been the sladulow 'f tho Great Wall had there bien oni; lie ha' stud:'d the writings of recent writers especially A' tbo I[uc---e M have crosseid the line of ti.e alleged wall :i various plaeos, he has likewise studied tho Chinese history of the subject, and his conclusions are as follows: (1) The terni "Great Wall" is at the bottom of all the misundersif,adintr and it comies frin the Chincse expression, ''the wall of the ten thousand ii;" (2) as described by Martini and other writers who have copied him, this wall does not and never did exist; (3) a Chinese Emperor un doubtedly did conceive the ide:i of a great wall from the Gulf of Liao-Long on the east to Kan- u en the west, and this, though never realized, had a be ginning; (4) all along the proposed line I of the wall s<luare towers of earth, or o: earth faced with brick, were constructed at considerable distances from each oth er, but these wore never joined together by any wall as was originally intended. In some of the defiles along the route there are walls, but theso were intended to close these particular passages, or they are merely the wadls of vilaiget, and are not parts of a larger selene. Hence the only part of the scheme of the Great Wall carried otut was the coil struction of these scattered towers, the rest never went beyond the brain t.hit eonceivcd it ; it was never more than a fancy, and it is now a myth. This huge. Chineso wall, says Abbe Larriou, it; huge Chinese lie, and as for tlhe ta illii n soldiers which w: re said to guard it itight and day, they are myths likewise. lhe alleged Great Wall is a favorite excur sion for Europeans visiting 'ecki:,, aii such a question as whether it exist at al or not should be an easy one to :et: definitely. USE OF TnE awv o. A (aungo aIk Irg 1'Late in the 'a+t c i (Froam lit' N. V. a'.inner';d .'Ir ilser ) Every tobacconist reet"a:.ives 'be grit change that is taking 'lace ii wlit nuy be called ini a rather new senst the ltull lie taste. Any average tubaceiit. whosn trade is not cli e Ily among sailrs and truckmon, wiltl tell you 1,o doet no; sell one-half as niuch chewing tobacco as ho did ten years ago. Very likely he will be unable to guess why it is, but. Ito can't deny the fact. I askt l one of them about it the other day. I to said: 'The chango is duie to a variety of causes. It is a great teal noare ,pp:renat hero in the East t lan in the West iii 1l South, buit it is going en all ove.; ti; country. One thing is und'ubh-ily I lt strengti of puldie opainaia thit it ia an uieleanly hab it. It is laird f r a man who chews to keep evid'e"ea of it front his clothes. That fact makes it inevita- , ble that the habit sho.t go down b fore the increasig attenatiton to dlress, that is a feature of moderna life. Then ai greait malny refianed andl well-inatetioned persons1 hlave waiged war aigainast it for ytars. It was inevwitable that somle teffect shouhld follow their era.saidt. "ltut the pr1inacipatl (cIauses area rightI haerc : There is a great dead naioro dy'iptr[ ~.a maia e Uauuach troule in1 tba country ntow\ than there uised to bea, anti no per 4on1 con !ichew tobaceco whlo lhas a weak .stomaich. Janmes Pairtoni slays in hisa famaous pamiplet againast rma a-aaa toac< o 't hat the stomabch wvill hold ot aigalin. theate longer ih :u.a the huiags. James does ,ot muaaoke' or chow, anad therefore lhe doesn't know. Coammnon expericc shows that lao is wrong, int doctors olupport tihe verdict of oomnn> n experience. The aactioni of the taa 1co juice, which triekies down tin: che,wer's throat, is toa paaralyzie the stoamach . It will o that hang betfaore smoke will have any pearceptibale ei'eet upona anl ordinnary iair of lungs. '"Then the cigarette h as (1on1 a graeat dloi to putt 1an end to the habhit ofchw ing tobacco. fThe growth of the eignar etto practice in this counatry is, as t hae say of Wester'n townis, 'phenaiomen'ial. Th'Ie consumption (of cigarettes hais dloubled manny tinmes over ini the heat fifteen years. Aboaat seven ouit of every teni boys wvho are growing tap no0w .siioke cigarettes. Anad after a boy has smaoked cigarotte's a few years he niot only has noe taiste for tobacco ini anay otheri foarma, buot he( has no coanstituation left to sitantd c,howinag tobaaccoa. It is (Muritous ho' w boys will take cigarettes. I believe it is very (algetly eaxuse of thme fuss that. - mae botlthem. It hans g at t(o be the c:toina opjinlioni thiiat cigaret tt smaoakina is th(a ruost injaurious p ractictoI kno wn. TIhat is just whay boysa adopt it. It ma them ani object of awfual inttrest toa othe(r boys and Ito girls. It is soothing to) a bo(y'l folish pide ta knaw to thmt peo l have marked hima oaat tas aonea whob as ruishiang with frightfaul temierity to early adestruaction. Wheath er thant is the(o l cae of it or not, it is perifectly cerataint tha mlore and1( moreli cigairettes aire being1 11ld every year and less anad less (ehoing]' tobhacco. All of thea best matkes. $, eanh andsli blancrae iNovembear I, ait lipoat (cash pii oan a P'ianao. 810 cJeasha and ancota~ vtembler I, at apot casha picoes an ,a t Organ. D)elivertd, frtigh:t frea'a at your naeare'st depiot. F'iftean (lays test ta andt freighat both ways if not satisfactor'y. Writo for c.irculiars.a N. W'. TR U MP, * (i'Coluambia, S. C. Amatanig buttter maokers ad alalIa sers ini th (ounatry tlh genearal Olainion hias ti a-a that batiter fhrned from ers etn. a s o xT m er-..ox T . I i l A T 1)IcIh . ION. 1.(ui tI! '.;it"--'1hry O 1ntiot ho "" . ( f Atturney (Teneral )a :'w i'1 v s rndnd l1 InI re ' tl'rIl,(1) '>f Cooptrolier (c - y aeiw n of tho quc'9 i(s :S to th)o correctness of r h a; , iIl )rat iCC in rela IiIn t . tir 0 of bontls, sreu'red by r.ror r, i i inl thiv Stiate, lteld by fnrt" i gn lt'nl complan)ies. T1ho pl'it,io' confir'Ims tho Comptroller (:ne0., HION. W\ 1? -.!n:v, Comptroller (len l0 'p 1puo to your reqtuost for my 11)1iiti1 a to who ther bonds secured h1 norats ,[i() of hind ; in this State held by fo>r( ign l !ndt inn romnnies are taxabh, in thin S t, !"b" to may, that in my 1piitn Ilucht honde ar1 nlot taiOIbtlenr. The Su{'re'nie (Jour of the )iiitt,l KItt', in ti cetn of the Stato tax on foreign-held 1 b;Is R;ilroad vs. Penn sylvania, 151 WaitLi, ?00, d'cides ti.' matter in poiint; Ihat 1Outls issil by a nailroal copllany art' p)roperty in Ithe hands of the hoh)le) s, an( wVhen bhlt'It by non-reridilents of the State in which the SiUlany was in(orp ruted, they are propecrty heyond the jnrisdiction of that itate, and1( tO 11x thrim is not"1a hrgitimt1 'x'eiri(' If th0 tIt\ing power, 1ad this is lot. aflet(h I y t the fact that th1e bond, tre ht (im(: bIy ltu()rtgage upon011 property iittnttt ini the Stat. T'h tax laws of a tatt'IUI Itave no extra-ti ritorial opuer ion, nor can any laws of a State incon titent with the terms of a cont ract utte vith or p)ayble)k to parties out of the )tato have iny (felct upon1 tho contract vhilst it i1 in the luiiit of uel paertes )r otier non-residents of tihe State. in the (!laSO of .1clnkins vs. Charleston, i S. C., :1tl:1, the Supreino Court of this tato decidled that the City Conncil of ;harl'stont lmay lawfully tax its ow n jtcs, wel 1as thalt ownled by non rmsidents as tiat owned by residents of the city, and that sult a tax does not im pair the Ilbligat1o0 of the c"ntraet. 'The Suil):eine Coutrl of thie 'uni;1" Statit. in th( ( 1 of '\l(urr;iy vs. ('htr"h tl.tt. 1)( 1 . -., i:'' rt'vers, I ( i th. d ctis '... 1)f the iuprr1n" (o:'t et onth ('nr'oia t1il t l t t I tn l> . ( ' i ti inc-, ,,f .b-nkin 4 vs . Yal itntl in thi:t of .\Im ro y v'. Cl1airlt -. h", tht 1 . (.t 5 L. ing g. V Ire by the i (iame It. It t, S .0 . \ ; \ (.1 :-el ' l 1 o t le (10 eli i t .i ie umit -r. ' ( ai - ->f \idi:' .. ( I i t * e t. I it i 'tIl " t i*ei ill be t ' 1l )Ioipua th ii, i i .I LC Iit1 t d . )f 1)i b'l m. , . m . r i .h ld; \w it", I II (e l'xtol's)i e l ' w e .i u ill' ,an t ) dIt sil t iii b ti l ,r, itltlt ark (- -!i s t .1 )1;v r 1 wil oimnl0 .\i <t ut (u i' lf 11 i !iO , r,lt : ivir [o)I,itllltiL 111f t i li,(' Wil I t al t ih u a id I r . m:f 3ix-h l ";. . h ti,, l l htitavyc I M c.I,s . b'l't Nt-.mLrt prt t v 01111titl1 i 1t"t"' i Wi th lt , rl'is the im i- l rle' t .).1 . ni tel t on ACt 'ttn it tit oI t hi.rver f el' I e ye:-mbdo , . vf grat: , .1)t'r lvo 1 VI 1 Jil I ll II ' I (':rt l ("til 1 f11, l i 11( (t'ltS i.,.It. ', i t h I l i, r. Ily ial , h edge ad (-i s I Irt-i a-:r ul bg it t -jlt c ol. A Ite lmV tit! I it.IIbi tilhe lt p 1Int of,', crtliwn 2i III d(i t : I , II 'ti!tt Al h s. II tr(i i b iii IM in '111 -in.:t An alx , i 1 i . hr' lilt i n th lt i i- , .tt f 1 n t l I - I'; ihl ' i i i '1 t t, 1 i h ll i I!ly lIla bl (n.1 .i . 1h0 it n:) t It iThe j lin avlt of T Ctt 1 tiewrtl ud If I kn t exquictl lIha11d oest riel..v l< etivlyt - wit 111 skid. : lic tpphiso Iringhoo lpay ad ouwi f.ma TRIPLE MUtDEii. Tragedy Near Madison, Ca.--A Negro Man IlI, Three Members of His Family. A special from Madison, Cia., to the Atlanta Constitution says: The people of Morgan county are art.used by the news of a terrible family tragedy which took place some time be tween Saturday night and Sunday morn ing. About 2 o'clock on Sunday morn ing the clatter of horse's feet were heard by Marshal 13eardon, the rider exclaim in in groat excitement as he rode in: "I want a doctor! I want the sheriff! Old man Dow Locket is dead! Aunt Lucy and Mollie have their throats out and are dying!" 'I'he rider was a negro, named Bill who worked on the plantation of Mr. Anthony Fannin, three miles from town. Upon the same plantation lived I )ow Locket, a venerable old negro, and his wite L'ie-y. They had but one child with them, their daughter Mollio, Sev era). years ago she accepted the love of Alexander Morris, a hans working upon an adjoining phntation. For a while ill went well, until jealousy entered the heai t of Morris, add after that there was but little peace. lie whipped his wife frequently, and abused hor so that she was afraid of her life. Early last week he went home one night and renewed his cruel treatment, lie beat her until she fell exhausted in a faint. Some time :uring the night her consciousness re turned, when she found her husband sleeping soundly beside her. Stealthily sie arose, and, slipping out of the house, ran in desperation to the home of her parents, where she obtained refuge. ''About an hour ago," said the rider, "I heard terrible screums, which were preceded by a gunshot. liunniug out I saw a man at Locket's front door, pull ing a woman out, kicking her, and cut ting wildly at her with a knife. The neighbors began to gather, when the man ran off, and by the time the nature of his work was known he had disap peared entirely. The woman in the yard was Mollie, the wife of Aleck il urns. 11cr throat was cut clean across. ''he people went in and found that Lockett was dead, while his wife was ilmiost dead, with her throat out clean acruo, ,iust like her daughter's outside. Then 1 jumped on my horse and rode into town after a doctor." A party was at once organized, con isting of the coroner, shorill'and several others, who reached the scone of the tragedy at daylight. lHundrods of ox tiLed negioes had gathered at the place, aniog whom the excitement was in tense. All agreed that they would lynch tlw murderer if they could get him. Iie most hendish forms of torture were p ropo:ied for Morris. The wounded wife stud that her liusband camo to the noiise, is he claimed, to effect a recon ciliation, andl wanted his wifo to go back with him. ihis she refused to do. lie then said ho would stay all night. When bedtimt came Locket went to bed, :iee1 e on a puillui on thu lloor, while his wife, Lucy, tot ito the bed, in the corner of the room, and Mollie got on a ied in the opposite side. What follow ed can best be told in her own words, as tld your correspondeit: '"ad went to blee) about 10 o'clock, and was soon aooa"'-. Mam talkod awhile, and she, too, fell asleep, and left Aleek sitting in the door, lie wanted me to go hack with him, an' sorter 'ronise(d to go. I was 'fraid of him, authen I wanted to get sonic money of lI1ine he had, and I just talked kinder ;ool to him. By and by I fell asleep. When 1. waked up 1 looked over to see ual stootting over dad's pallet trying o put out the iire. His cover was dze and the :zom was full of smoke. nst tie n I saw a man spring on mam nad tiirow lier to the loor. She sorter hiohed, and .1 jumped out of bed. It sas Altek. lie left mami ad sprang 1pon1 mel, dragging ime out the door to lie ground. t. saw a knife in his hand. lie struck at my throat, hut I warded it al1; the next lick and lie cut me again mdt again. 1 felt the keen edge of his k',ife. Thein hie jumped and run. Ale ck was wias not drunk, and 1. don't know why hie wanted to kill us. Did not know dad was killed until just before y ou came. Tihe shot must have waked mle.,' In the rooni Dow Locket lay on his side with his eyes closed in sieep). He evidently died without a struggle, andI niever knew wvhat killed him. A double b)arrel gun lay on the lloer, with its muzzle not six inches from his head. It was his own gun, and the assassin had to step over his sleeping fr ogti from the raea. fr ogti Shberilf I lillsman at once sient for Teon I'owell's dkigs. Thle animIls took up lhe scentt without troublle, running in hit direction tif Newvton county. \Vhen at heard fromi they were half way be ,ween Madison and Atlanta, while the >iirsuiing p)arty of whites and blacks was >cimg incrcased as it. went aloiig by pee ,ii, anxious to jon in the hynching of lie triple miurdorer. Featrf,, Expjerieu,,ce of n, 1)1',er. (Gardiner F'loyd, a well-known diver of 'ortlanud Me., had an awful exp)erience inny feet under water at Mattawamkeag few days ago. lie was at work on a t)undal;tioni for a coffer-daim at the site d a pier for it new bridge for the Cana- - ian P'aeilic Railroad. lie had put a hinm around a big rock and given the igual to hoist it, when a large picce of lie rock brtoke oil. It fell upon the liver, knocketd himt down, and pinned mte leg and foot to the bottom. His row bar was just beyond his reach, and ic fearetd every moment that his air upply would give oat. Tihe bottom was ,f mud andt gravel andi rather soft. 2. i'loyd set to work to dig himself rec widh his hands. As fast as lho un lerminiet the rock lit propped it with muall stone:, lie duig away for dear life tir just ludU e'n hour before he succeeded ia gettiing hi, leg free. His air hose was () i' i : 'I a , e .t v ( .i i ur hi s l IERWFIrr DI(rms. (