University of South Carolina Libraries
VOL. XVI" 'CES .0,I1IRDY UY7 WILKES vO3TIlI'S DEEI). T}E ASSASSINATION OF PltESII1NT ABiAIIAM LINCOLN. Andrew Johnson and Mrs. Surratt--Ilow a Regard for Religion Might Havo Saved Lincoln. (Anniston, Ala., Hot Blast.) As the day approaches that marks the yearly record of Lincoln's death, 1 find myself dwelling upon it with more than usual sadness, because I happen to be amid the surroundings that framed in the startling report when it reached me. It is strange that this free government of ours, the crime, which of all others is the outgrowth of despotism, should find development. Do extremes meet in this way, or may wo take this strange ap pearanco of assassination as a symptomi " of a deep seated disease that escapes or dinary seeing? Are we, after all, lifkd abovo the ills of tyranny in our form of government, or have we only shifted the s evils of oppression by one, or a few, to a that of the many? is not the despotism f of a majority as intolerable as that of t one man or of a class? Our government has developed into one of parties, .nd, while our constitution was framed to r 4 protect the minority, the unwritten con stitution of experience running through & a century, really proclaims the fact that I a minority has no rights which the party s in power is bound to respect. 1; It is a little singular, however, that our two instances of assassination, w hich f startled the civilized world, were outside d the ordinary run of politics. Booth L struck for the South, then in armed re- t volt, and Guiteau killed the President 1 * his party had elected. But these draw t no hne and only illustrate the fact that r heated partisanship, uttered in words, is L sure to find active expression from the v insane. Booth's bullet had back of it c Jeff Davis's utterances, while Guitcau's n pistol, fired at Washington, was lo tded at Utica. Of course Jeff Davis, nor Roscoe i Conkling, ever dreamed of such intents, a and were undoubtedy? shocked and 1; pained at the results. T'he fact rem+ius, 1 however, and should be a lesson to the a leaders to teach them to be more guard- 1 ed in their utterances. The wild ox- i aggerations as to the vital importanea of each political campaign, which we hear from the stump and read in the press, are dangerous, for while the masses take s them at their true value, cranks are stirred into devilish activity. 1 We must remember, too, that for two f thousand years, poets, orators and pa triots have been singing the praises of i " the assassins-of all popular saints Brutus and Charlotte Corday have been c and are the most glorified. The truth is C that neither was animated by any lofty impulse or patriotic motive, the fact be ing that one was a low sort of a woman and the other a mean man. Booth and Guiteau were quite as good as the classic pair. Next to setting up a sham as a popular idol, tho greatest difliculty is to pull down again and escape the conse quonces of our own folly. Good may come out of violence done by masses f when they rise half starved against op pression, but there is no good in assassi nation. There is a diflerenco between t murder and war. These thoughts, however, are not ger- i mane to what I sat down to write. I b only seek to record some facts connected c with the awful murder of the great and t good President. When the news of President Lincoln's assassination startled the people I was at my home, on the Mac-o-chee, Ohio. While walking along the pike near to wvard the village, some two miles dis 'tant, going for my daily mail, I met a inan on horseback, wvhose sad face struck t ine. American farmers have the saddest faces of all humanity, but this wore a I gloom of unusual depth. Stopping when near me, he askod if I had heard the news, and getting a response in the negative, he continued: "Theyr do say at Liberty that Lincoln is dead. ' "Dead?" I repeated. "Yes; shot dead by a play-actor, or circus chap, or some sort of fellow of that kind. ' I hurried on. I was struck by the silence of the town. Life in the four years of bloody disasters on our p)art, which were qt.e as bloody in our year of victory as they were in our defeats, had been terribly cheapened in public estimation. The reports of thousands left dead upon the field, .a. dying in -hospitals, were received with uoisy com. ment, it is true, but yet wvith a certain indifference, Here, however, wvas a death that commanded grave attention, and seemed to change the (lay itself f rom one of noisy life to a sabbath-liko still ness. The shops were Open but desert.. ed, and around the corners the people were collected gazing at each ether in silence. Tiowards noon the country poo ple began to gather in, They came directly from home in their ordinary work clothes, and as returned soldiers, stimulated by liquor, grew noisy and the threatening feeling spread, and during the day and night, I expected to hear of certain obnoxious Democrats, knowni as '0 Copporheads, being mobbed and mal treated. But we escaped all violence, and in twenty-four hours the excitement of that sort subsided. . [lad political organizations been more evenly divided at that time the conso.. 'ouences would have been deplorable. 3ut the Republican p)arty meant then the American people at the North, imnd popnlar fury was expended in denuncia tion of Jeff' Davis and the rebels, as they Wvore called, it was generally beliovedi that the assassins were agents of the Confederates, who, failing in the field, had resorted to murder to avenge their -* lost cause. A year afterwards I visited a niece, then residing in Maryland, on the route taken by Booth in his flight from the capital. The terror excited by the wrath * of the community yet p)rovailed, and the Marylanders, my relatives included, spoke cautiously and in an undertone of te event, and such p)arts of it as camne nnder their immediate observation. The fury of officials deprived the gov ernent of much valuable evidence that would have thrown considerable light on the dark transaction, and while sorving aopuniahi the guilty would have in a measuro protected the innocent. Seoro tary Stanton, a man of violent passions n d, therefore, when aroused, of blind prejudico, was aided in his insane fury by Andrew Johnson, who had reasons Af his own for keeping alive a storm which prevented too close a scrutiny into his own past associations and con luct. The men of infamous class known ms detectives, developed by the war, and 3ultivated by the secretary of war and The secretary of state, whore kings and mbordinato officers, were executors un icr their own law, and instead of on ouraging an opening of testimony, they persecuted all who were supposed to tnow anything connectedi with the inur lcr of Lincoln and the attempted murder )f Seward. In this way a poor stage marpeuter, who innocently held Booth's lorse on the night of the assassination van sent to a.living death, and poor Dr. \ludd, who treated the broken anklo of B3ooth, never dreaming of what caused ho accident, was glad to escape the gal ows in sharing the carpenter's punish nent. Mrs. Surratt, who was found ;uilty of keeping a boarding house at Vashington, was hanged-to our national hamo through all time to como. It was death to any one known to have con, let alone associated with Booth, nd in this way mouths were closed in ear, and consequently a revelation of lie facts suppressed. This affords a key to the reasons for undrew Johnson's strange, contradicto y and wild conduct on the occasion. Io out-ieroded Herod, which means Itanton, in his angry denunciation of aen whom ho afterwards, when in the afety of a subsided excitement, strange y favored. And in this we can find the nly reasonable solution of his passing rom one extreme to tho other. On one .ay he was furious in his demands to ave treason made odious by hanging hie traitors, from Jeff Davis down. Not ng after ho shifted to the other extreme hat favored general amnesty, and was emarkable for an equally heated do unciation of the Radicals at the North rho would recognize Lincoln's mild re onstruction policy, based on forgive ess and kind treatment. President Johnson felt that he was the ly man in all the world who was bene td by the death of his predecossor, nd haunting him was a fact that strange y escaped attention at the time. He ad not only been the boon c >mpanion nd confidential friend of Booth in times ast, but the assassin's card was found a the wrong box at Johnson's hotel, amiliarly addressed to the Vice-Presi lent, asking for an interview on the ory day of the night on which the as assination occurred. Less evidence than this hanged others, nd Stanton's blind rage and Johnson's imulated fury saved Andrew Johnson rom a punishment awarded alike to the nr.ocent and guilty. Much time and ink have been wasted ver that recommendation to executive lemency awarded Mrs. Surratt by the ourt-martial that condemned her, and .u effort made to have us believe that it vas kept from the President. The records show that this recommen lation made a part of the proceedings tpon which the President had to pass. f this were not so the President was ;uilty of an illegal act. The fact is that he recommendation to mercy was be ore the man who not only dared not omply with the plea, but, in his fear, ctually hurried up the execution. And his great advocate of the constitution, urthermoro, refused to recognize the nterferenco of a civil tribunal that ought to review the proceedings of a ourt-martiul, as it had the right to do, mnder a writ of habeas corpus. Is it possible that Bootl had the meet g with the Vice-President for which he sked, and if so did he tell the Vice ?resident of the awful work he had in iand1? If so, it may be that Andrew rohnson took this to be the vaporings of dlrunkkard1 actor-and it is very likely hat his strange conduct caime rather rein fear than from the workings of a ~uilty conscience. As Judge Advocate of the Extraordi ary Court of Inquiry that sought to in restigato the military conduct of General 3uell, I was brought in close association vith Andrew Johnson, and what I learn i of him on that occasion gives me a >Otter opportunity for forming judgment .han falls to the lot of the many who~ ascribe all his actions to high pitriotic mpu lses. It may be that the future historie, veighing these facts in an impartial nind, will conie to the same conclusion hat I have ini regard to President ,John on, .But this is doubtful. A thought ul mind has told us that history is the olitics of the p)ast and the p)resent, and olitics ofa the p)rejudices and current >eif fthe people. I have been struck in this connection y the remarkable similarity of conduct >n the part of Johnson and that of HIachoth. When the murderer of that greatest and most perfect tragedy is arought face to face with his awful crime, he fairly roars in his sinulated wrath. The grand imagination of the kingly asssassin that has given us some Af the purest exp)ressions of philosophi cal poetry give phlace to the miserable rant of a vulgar mind, Macbeth, how aver, wis carrying the murdered Duncan on his conscience, while Johnson was p)robalbly driven to desperation b)y the knowledge of an indiscretion that had the samne dreadful consequences loom. ing into immediate exist hnce. I would rather have been the associate of Booth and p)ossessedl of his dreadful secret, if the awful choice woero forced upon me, andl have been hanged for it, than to have lived through years to iny grave ha'unlItedl by tho thought of that poor woman wrinaging her motherly handa in ab)ject terror upon01 theo scafl'old Johnson authorized, or seeing night and day that bundle of woman's clothes swinging in the hot sun of sununer, as they.covered at the end of a rope the agonios of death. While on a visit to my relatives, above referred to, I heard of a negro who hakd aec( an Bouti'uido 0on the night of the ftight, and hunted up the mani. I found him a stupid fellow of about 18 or 20, and I got very little out of him. 'hn little, however, was to me very sigiil cant, and to my mind threw a light on Booth'a designs I hadnersenu gestedl. The hovel in which the o lived had been aroused after midnighi and f6 goodly sum in gold ofrered for a gude. The youth, with the consent ol his parents, dressed himself, if puttin on a ost and par of .hoe ool b dignified with the name. Mounting a mule he joined the two and undertook the duty demanded of him. It was hard work for me to drag information from the stolid follow; but I learned that while one of the night riders taJJ:ed non sense all tho time the other said little, and that little was given to cursing his broken log and somebody for not put tin out the lights. Iho light business took hold of my mind with a fascinating tenaoity that I could not shake off. As I worked it out it seemed to me a key to the mystery that enveloped all the work of the assas sin on that terrible night, but I could not manage the testimony. What light was that which should have been extin guished and was not? The actor may have been haunted with Othello's solilo quy, where he says booro Desdomona's death, "put out the light and then put out the light." But it gave no satisfac tory solution to the surmises. Years after, while telling the late Richard Merrick of this mystery, the eyes of that oloquent and able advocate brightened. When I ended he said, "Your negro gave you the key." The true story of that awful crime came to me in my capacity as a lawyer. Booth, the assassin, who put an end to the life not only of an able, kind-hearted man, but of all the hopes which the South had of an honorablo and peaceful settlement in the way of reconstruction, had ar ranged with an accomplice to turn oil' the gas from the theatre when ho (the accomplice) heard the report of the pistol. This would have plunged the theatre into midnight darkness, and in the terrible fright and confusion the assassin would have escaped detection. The fellow rolied on, smitten with con trition at the enormity of the crime or by fear, failed his chief and fled. In stead of quietly gaining his horse, and as quietly riding away undetected and unsuspected, he had to face the audience in the fIll glare of the footlights and ride desperately, well knowing that the foot of justice was on his path. The lights were not extinguished. The desperate murderer, in his hasty flight from the box, caught his spur in the flag of our Union that draped the box, fell, broke his ankle and rode down to death. The plot was clearly planned and one can imagine the tumultuous flight of that crowd, in the darkness that was to have followed the crime. And one can realize the desperdtion and agony of Booth as he rode off into the midnight, well knowing that he was re cognized, and that there was no spot on earth in which he could find hiding and safety, even had not his broken leg de prived him of every advantage. The fatal mark of Cain had been imprinted on him in the full glare of his familiar footlights, and that retribution which dogs the steps of crime was but a ques tion of time. The murder occurred on the night of Good Friday, and had our good and greatest of Presidents paused to remem ber for a moment the belief of a great majority of Christian humanity, he would not have been exposed to the cruelty of the assassin. But "God reigns and the government still lives." DON PIATr. Mac-o-chee, Ohio, March 27, 1887. John Slhermian, Talks Again. Senator Sherman has had himself in terviewed again, lie was interviewed less than two weeks ago by the Cincin nati Enquirer, which wanted him to ex plain the dilference between his Nash ville conciliation speech and his Spring field bloody shirt speech, and now he has been interviewed by the Cincinnati Commercial Gazette in order to explain the explanation. He still refuses to see any inconsistency between the two speeches, although he admits that the Springfilel speech was impolitic. Every word in it, he says, is literally[ true ox celpt, perhaps, the statement thait "there is inot an intelligent man in this broad land of either party who does not know that Mr. Cleveland is now President of the United States by virtue of crimes against the elective franchise." lie ad mits that this may be too broad, b)ut up)on a careful analysis he (lees not see how he could modify it if fair force is given to the word "intelligent." 1Ie concludes the interview by saying: "1 cannot see aby reason why the Confed orate cause, which was 'eternally wrong,' but bravely and honestly fought out, should be loaded dowvn wvith the infamy of crimes which required no courage, committed long since the wvar, by poli ticians d.one, for political power and for the bcnefit of the lDomocratic p)arty. I can find some excuse for these atrocities in the strong p)rejudico of caste and race in the South, growing out of centuries of slavery, but I. can findl no excuse for any man of any p)arty in the North who is willing to submit to have his p)olitical powver controlled and overthrown by such means." The conversation as re ported gives the impression that Mr. Sherman wrote the questions as well as the answers. 'The Cotton Mo)vemnt. From the New York 1"inancial Chron icle's cotton article the following figures are gathered relative to the movement of the stap)lo daring the past week: The total receipts reached 2,364 bales, against 3,540) bales last week, 4,032 bales the previous week, andl 7,599 bales three woek'i since; making the total receip)ts since the 1st September, 188G, 6,187,182 bales, against 5,247,193 bales for the sameu p)eriodl of 1885- 6, showing a decrease since September 1, 1886, of 60,011 bales. The exports for the week reach a total of 10,072 bales, of which 3,385 were to (Great Britain, 1,501) to France, and 5,187 to the rest of the continent. Tlhe imp)orts into continental p)orts (diring the week were 50,001) bales. These figures indlicato a decrease in the cotton ini sight of 75,785 bales as comn p)aredl with the same (late of 1886, and a (derease of 59,937 bales as compared with the corresponding (late of 1885. Tlhe receipts from the p)lantations, b)eing the actual movement, not includ inig the overlandl receipts nor Southern conisumpition, of cottoni that reached the market through the outports for th< week were only 1,523 bales. The total receipts since the 1st of September are 5,184,374 bales. If yuhave catarh usei i the suirest rende dyD.Sage's. The surest way for sweet girl graiduates tq get into prit is to wear calico dlreese nA commenemnt ay. A GRIZZLED STRANGER. IkE TELLS IIOW lIE MADE A MILE A MINUTE ON UOItSEIIACK. His Race Over the DevIl's Track--Why He Felt Inclined to Make Such (ood( Time. (Fromt the New York Sun.) "I've made a mile a minute on horse back, in the saddlo." As a grizzled stranger with a quartzite pin made this remark, a silence fell upon the little group of turfinen who sat in the corridor of the WVindsor Hotel, at 1)enver, the other evening. The man who had just told of driving an unre corded mile in 2:11 arose deliberately, brushed the ashes off his cigar, buttoned his overcoat, and walked away. "1 an a liar, myself," somebody began. "Hold on," said the stranger, "this isn't a lie. It's cold, clammy truth, and I'll back it with money." ''Havo you the papers for it?" "No, nor the judge's aflidavits. In fact, nobody saw it except myself, but if you will permit mc to tell you the cir cumstances, I'll leave it to yourself whether it isn't a fact." ''Blaze away." The group drew closer. Even the man who had walked off suspended his con versation with the hotel clerk and lis tened on the qluiet. The grizzled stran er removed a section of tobacco from his mouth and began: "This happened five years ago last fall. I was living in Loadvillo at the time, but had mining interests that took me frequently into the outlying districts for a radius of perhaps a dozen miles. These trips I nearly always made on horseback, on a tough little bronchi, hard mouthed, trained to mountaia roads, and caplaLble of keeping up a jog trot at a pinch for twenty hours on a stretch. On the occasion in question I started very early one clear, cold morn ing for a claim I owned on the other side of the divide, on the slope of what is called Gold Mountain-you can find it by looking on any map. 1'o reach it I had to first cross Tennessee park and then wind over a very crooked, tortuous trail that gradually ascended to a pass somewhere above Timber Pine. It was not more than two miles as the crow flies, but nine by the road, owing to the frequent zigzagging or tacking made necessary by the steeness of the range. "I took things easy, and it was about noon when I reached the claim. I had a couple of men at work there, ate din ncr at their cabin, and then vent over to look at the shaft. One has no idea how rapidly time passes underground, where everything is dark, and when I came up I was surprised to find that it was nearly 4 o'clock, and the shadows of pimons a hundred yards ofl' had crawled up to the windlass. I was annoyed, too, for there was a suggestion of snow in the air, and the ride across Tennessee park in a storm-well, the less said about it the better. So I lost no time in getting into the saddle, and pushcd rapidly ahead toward the pass. I had to go quite a little distance before I reached it, and all the time the sky grew graver, and presently a few flakes began to fall. I urged the broncho, and finally began the descent. "The road beyond the pass led down a long, straight incline for about a quar ter of a mile. This took it to the fringes of timber pine, and then it made a de tour of nearly two miles to get around a spur of the range. At that point I paused. The idea occurred to me that I could make a short cut by going directly over the spur and striking the trail on the other side. The range was not par ticullarly steep at this p)lace, but rather a succession of rough eminences, and tile undertaking did not seem to be acconm p)anied by danger. A sudden raw wind dlecided me. I turned the broncho ell' tile road anld started. "The p)lan appeared the more feasi ble as I advanced. What looked like steelp ascents at a distance proved to be gentle ones, and 1 was soon pretty near ly across. T1he spur was well wooded with old pine trees, some of which had rottedl as they lay, and on the far side the declivity extended down at an oven slop)e clear to the valley, where b)ig rocks and boulders looked like grains of blast ing p)owder, and the roadl like a tiny streak. 1 rememnber yet how, b)etween the tree topsM, .I caught a glimpse of the palrk withI the Arkansas riv'er wvind1ing through it, and the whole thing looking liko some map in my old geography. 'That was the last thing that impressed itself on my mind before my horse stag gered, stumbled, plunged a little, and then came down with a crash, iirst on his fore legs and then flat on is belly, his head down hill. I can't readlily (de scribe it, but he fell in such a way that my right leg, without being crushed or even muchl bruised, was twisted in the stirrup) strap and caught fast. "RLight here let me stop) to explain a circumstance that will enable you to un derstand the situation. Down in the valley, at thme base of Gold Mountain, was a sawmxill owned by George Lacy, of Leadville, and extendling up from its yard, almost to timber line, was what is called a log shoot. This is simply a V-shaped trough, large enoughl to hold a good-sized pine trunk, and built solid ly against the face of the mountain. Of course it has to be straight, or uearly so to p)ermit the logs to slide down without obstruction, and use soon makes the inside as smooth as glass. Such a. eon trivance saves a great (1eal of hauling, for as the trees are cut, they are dragged over and (dumped into the trough, and go dhown to the yar(l like a streak of lighting. In the course of time, the pressure will drive the trough in p)retty nearly level to the earth. Tfhis was the case with the Lacy shoot. Moreover, it had not been used for about a year, and 1)m11 needles, dead boughs, and other rubbish had inl places almnost hidden it from sight. I was well enough acquaint. ed with the mountains to know, the i stant my b)roncho) fell, thmat he had walked into the 01(1 log shioot. I was net aware of it at the time, but I think now that that headlong tumble broke is back then andl there, and he never knew what hurt him. "It takes a moment for the coolest head to clear itself in times of unlooked for peril, and long before that moment had elapand the brmnhai dI re 01 our way to the valloy, going faster at every breath, nothing to stop us, death ahead, and the devil's own railroad un derneath. I was sitting almost erect in the saddle. The leather flaps had twist ed around and kept my logs from rub bing against the side of the trough, but hold me like bands of iron. Even had they not, jumping off would have boon out of the question. I have never boon on a toboggan, but I think that people who have will understand why I bent all my energies to holding on. I did not famt and did not got dizzy; there was a hideous roaring in my ears, a furious wind seemed to all of a sudden to tear up the mountain and suck the breath out of my mouth, but everything was deadly clear and distinct. I could see black specks grow suddenly into big pines and then shoot past me. 1 could even see the snow caught in their needles as they came whizzing up. Every in stant, through some clearing, I could see the valley, in a flash, and over it all was a sickening feeling as though the moun tain was sinking away from me, and I was plunging out into immeasurable space. So strong was this that even now, standing on the solid marble floor, I can recall the qualm and nausea as all support seemed to give away, the earth tip up and let me fal!, fall, fall-it felt as if forever. A mass of rock as large as this hotel was beneath me. As I looked it somed to leap into the air like a bal loon. There was a black line of forest below. I shot through it as through a tunnel, and out into the light again. I. tried to shut my eyes. It was impossi ble- I tried to scream. The air had turned to stone. "I have read that when men are about to die their lives reel out before them like a panorama. Mine didn't. All I could think of was the crash, the bloody mass of man and horse lying somewhere in the valley, and I remember I was glad in a wild, crazy kind of way that it would be all over in an instant and that it wouldn't hurt me. I knew we must lie nearly there. The trees and rocks were undistinguishable, when all of a sudden a black mass flew up into my face. I felt that I was being beaten, bruised and hurled over and over, and then everything was still. "When the moon was well up I came to myself. I was lying in a snowdrift, rubbing at my head and moaning. After a long time I crawled a little ways, and then ell down and cried for my very helplessness. 1 must have been a little flighty, and heaven knows hows how I found my way to Lacy's mill, a quarter of a mile beyond; but I did, somehow, and they carried me in and sent for help. You see the old timber shoot had fallen into decay, and some distance above the yard was a broken place that saved my life. Vheu we reached it the dead broncho jumped the trough and the two of us went sailing and turning and cavorting over a field of fresh snow until we stuck into a drift about 500 yards away. The broncho had the worst of it, even there, for ho kept on going un til he struck solid earth. I broke three ribs and this arm in so many difl'erent places that the doctor wanted to cut it off and be done with it. What puzzled the mill men most was that my legs es caped, but the saddle flaps were worn to fringe and I suppose that explains it. From the point where I started to the break was over two miles, and the old hands there said logs used to m' ke it in less than two minutes. 1 had nlo stop watch, but I'll back myself against any log that ever made the trip." TI1OSE JtATTLIL-FLA(;s. Some Facts About the (:apt areil Iian,irY The HIIstory of the Confecoraate Flag. (Washington Letter to thie Newv York i jmes.) WVhen the cap)tured Union flags were found at Richmond, there were also with the rebel archives sent up to Wa.shing ton a collection of designs for a Confed orate flag. With the devices were letters oxplaining their meaning. Bunt in all, over 200, there were not above half a dozen devices without the stars. Th'Je arrangemcnt of the stars made infinite variety, but through aall, the mullet or five-pointed star was retained, shaowing that, desirous as the Confederates were to get a flag unlike the "'yankee" oe blem, the old feeling could not shako oil' attachment to the stars. And in almost every letter with a device for the flag, reference is made to retainaing the star's, though sometimes ignoring the stripes. One Confederate wrote: "Let the Yan kees keep their ridiculous tunie of 'Yan kee D)oodle,' but by aill thait is sacred dlo not let them monopolize the stars anad the stripes. You haive fought well un.a der our glorious banner; comala youa fight as well under another? Never! (Chanage it, imaprovo it, alter it as you will, buat for Heaiven's sake keep thae stars anad strip)es I" Another said: "D)o naot give up the stars and stripes to the Northa. If is ours as fully ais it is theirs. * Keep the stripes, keep the azuaro field, andl a star for each sovereignty ini thu coanstel hation, and then distinguish at by a red cross (the Southern cross) emtting thec stripes at right angles. * 'l lhe songs of a nation and its flag have a prodligionas moral influence." One Confederate alone wrote against the stars and in favor of the stripes. lie said: "I don't like the cross. It is sag. nificant of Cathaolic rule andic had too much to do with the nmachainaery of the dlarkt ages. Thle old sitaras must, I think, be abandoned. They belonag to the n'ight, and besides the North will keep, them. It is nothing with us. L et. thecre be seven stripoes, one for eacha of the~ original States, as the thairteent were for the original States of the oldI Confedera cy. Lo~t them be0 vertical instead of horizontal." One writing wholly ini favor of the stars, sent his advice and said: ''We still have a 'star-spangled baanner' which is dear to the peCo >lo from old1 aiissocitiatn, aind we can allord to let the Yanakee,s keep the stripes. We are enatitledl to a 'star-spangled banner,' because the host poetry in honor of it was composed by a Southern man, and the incident which occasioned its coimpositlion occurred ou Southern soil and reflected honor ona Southern soldiers." The committee of the p)rovisional gov' emrnent in their report on a flag and seal for adoption, confessed they were not so much attached to the old flFag, and declared it would be inappropriate to "retain the flag of the government from which we have withdrawn." The design recommended by the committee and adtled by the prviioa govrnen was known as the "Stars and Bars." Thc Union blue in the corner had a circle of seven white stars, to repreaont the seven original seceding Statos. The rest of the flag showed three bars, red, white and blue. In 1862 the Confederate gov ernment as one evidenco of absolute severance from the United States, do ci(ed on a new flag. TWa was the Southern cross, finally adopt l1 by the Confederate Congress in 186 , and fa vored by General Beauregard. It was first, however, General Joseph E. John ston's battle-flag, he having selected the blue spangled s.tltier ulpon a red field as his battle ensign. It did not pleaso the Richmuoud Ixaniner, in which it was described as a ''red iel(d bestraddled with a long-legged white cross." Probably the confusiotl of the Rebel and Union colors at. the first battle of Manassas led to giving up the ''stars and bars" by the forner. Ont looking over the flags in the war building I find most of the Confederate flags of the Southern Cross devico--red field and blue cross having thirteen stars. Now and then one shows but eleven stars, or eight. One has fifteen stars. A printed catalogue of these flags when they were on exhibition in the ordnance nlusetun gives the numbe' placed there at 510. The history of SIt) in this catalogue is brief and ends the list. ''No. 510--ihebel battle flag, brought from Rielunoud by Master TatI Lincoln.' I'resident Lincoln's young'st son was a lad of twelve years when Ie went with his father on the mnicnorable visit to City Point, where General Grant had his headquarters. The ordinanco museum remains in \Vindsor's Ibuilding. Will the flags be returned there, and placed where the public may see them again? I am told that some time ago the secretary of war, then General Belknap, wished to have the Confederate flags sent to \Vest Point and put in the museum there. Strong objection was liadeon the ground that this would tend to keep alive un pleasant feelings between the cadets from the two sections, in exultation on the one 5i111e and regret. On the other. Adjuttfltt Getaral 'i'townrsendt eoitended that th lie roper place ftr the Ilags wats here in the war departinent building. To return ti hem to the bouth 1 would, he declared, whe"n that suggestion once came up, be a direct recognition of the rights of the rebellious orginizations. '.enatouria l ,rrowt . Perhap:tls neer'1 bl re in th hilis rty (of Ii. l'nited St1ate4 I:ve So inaly . 'ittil tatte : 11:)()r) (el .14 1tt n i t anlxious benchi. W hu:n thlie S t:ttt m.eet:; nex I)ecmtlu it will liv a : ( leibir 1n.alIlly full tl (conteist s. legislatur' u hieh ch eted hhnu w'as not prop)1 erly org dd. 'fenI( ts rI h-ar , li: (l di't rli a, ll h-ti:ttu i4twytl' ( :1' -t((1 wa u1ed t ll'.,pnw r i t Seintotr Faulku r, t W'sliit irg,iil, l1 been refusedl at certili(- l: f t le (ction h \ (lovernor 'ilsoni , wi t enldtt sl( thatt ti leis h:tturc h:atl tlo rIiht to elc! it a ienatol It its (c lled h'S I'n. Ien t Ir Pa 'tI, fI i F l , ll :' : t ) l lti a :iwt:\ i h1 is tith-. 'Te t bi is:i tl l e' l it i hl'el edIc (i 1h11 , it i. inimi It, 1a nlot ttrgan i7.x1d tl t1 I( w \\ t ' i c ot'Ir i1t ittll pr1)e S il:e I. 11 thlis h lw I ll Ilte prU i(lti ings 4f!t ht l hgi-latur1 , 1111 h i itt! el1 ltt l'l llttin of ', -nator', \w i t b 'ilitec , . 'tn ll t I'ts( cani :illord t tii Isl ( : -\y, fo> sll)n l(I I n(tw lection ht requ(iredI bty re ah(n (If a Ie( h nicIlit tllh ir is i dhub hit he wot iiti In: (lt ,(11 :n:iICi '11 . 4 1 '' ilI ll In the \Vt tV irg ini: (k ,, i iI 14:1i qu tion I ' tw ln t'v" 1I )ll>aral," n IIna 'tr lu ('1, w holl)' :I. w 11up tllllws p 1i t the ( ,,v. "t.erner a-lte i he ill on :nn I' 'Iini' s dead'3 i lock in till Ilit ''lld tt. I' tpe ill 14esli n ofICI. the leg isi, <pie's tti' 4. lll .y wi lc 'n1.in, e(si cl( l y1 in ti 144- i 1h r cont.t Cha isl ii h-- ui 11.'i ovi1 r vinat or T/urpiC's elsion. 'W Ifojctinh tour ',e ar s who(4''. li lles will:11 be goetil t1i ied, tlile hii nuiltI~ i w ill4 tives coat r of the Sin inate by a th-:i inojoity 11 w h:?.Ci eei IICI ilb iX'r I hihe'er'.'C do for a'(C Iilt ()ttil thr iLil \tvery'pll bali y tha in h(ey1 n il al be' 'ik 114 iled eve t. Te eate ini Ih cont tl. in t is as te lo us)e etlc ira l ly l)o(,:ii i e l ti( of r little O in u the Indina ad~t 'lifornia coute is, which an.1 it nly onie invlin i diticnt jalui3' Th1 e, ent'e is thentortai, hihi.r t're t, Ilinti t lb.pubyar tere w buirts ib Ienato5 li 11 i ede astitan I unk sng quan. ih-trs ilt-rl ofin ~)OCth l pulicanmit le .,r ainOle, ( I tI'( v a e lyt' itt? lin ui27 th 'lh. ti>imoca , thu'lli mkin tif sin'lerah fa tie. wt tnoC vll~io rt 1 Seast a dureitdinl bire1titi tcat ring4'55' (I tpero pr sent ye'ar swil t?Ihiat 'l>IcOXder itheC wos nthf ie, andh3 4111 31141 thit hirebC coin Text.fo c .huts theiit' herst ilth ligh flo.i:ie. (VThInt A roporti of ince diariim tn the uhis: Ie~itk ant peri cnt. life is a roug ill wntnt"g friii. <b> nt Oloi m ove mberrhetptseiheeo. TIIE GROWTII OF TILE SOUTH. A MOST ENCOUtAGINO EXHIBIT OF IN)UST1IAL PROGRESS. What H1as Boon Done in the Southern States in Three Months--Some Statistic That Show No Sign of Palsy. The Chattanooga Tradesman, at Chat tanooga, has compiled by States a report of the loading new industries and rail road companies organized and projected during the three months ending Juno 30. The miscellaneous industries re ported in each State consist partly of land improvement and development companlies. ALABAMA. Agricultural implomont factories 8, brick works 31, breweries 2, car works 5, cigar and tobacco factories 4, cement works 2, cotton mills 10, compresses 4, car wheel works 1, engino works 3, elec tric light works 5, elevators 5, furnaces 15, foundries and machine shops 17, flour mills 3, fortilizer factory 1, grist mills 1, joe factories U, locomotive works 1, mines and quarries 19, natural gas, oil and asphalt 11, oil mills 1, pipo works 2, rolling mills 8, railroads 13, steel plants 2, street railways 10, shoe factories 1, water works G, wood working establishments 47, miscellaneous 40. FLOIlDA. Brick and tile works 1, cigar factories 1, cotton factories 2, compresses 1, elec tric light works 4, fortilier factories 2, flour mills 1, mines and quarries 4, rail roads 14, rice mills 1, saw mills 17, street railways 2, water works 4, miscellane ous 7. OEOnIIA. Agricultural implomont works 6, brick works 11, bridge works 1, car shops 2, compresses 6, cotton and woollen mills 12, electric light works 4, foundries and machine shops 1, furnaces 4, fertilizer works 6, flour mills 1, gas works 5, grist mills 1, ice factories 2, limo and cement works 5, mines and quarries 22, oil mills 5, railroads 9, rolling mills 1, street rail ways 15, water works 7, wood works 41, miscellaneous 32. TENNESSEE. Agricultural implement works 2, brick works 12, cigar and tobacco factories 2, cotton and woollen mills 3, electric light works 5, foundries and machine shops 11, furnaces 7, flour mills 6, gas works. 5, grist mills 2, ice factories G, lime and, cement works 1, mines and quarries 33, natural gas and oil companies 17, oil mills 2, railroads 14, rolling mills 1, steel works 1, street railways 15, smelters 2, wire works 4, water works U, wood works 49, miscellaneous 35. NORTH CAROLINA. Brick works 5, cotton factories 6, cigar and tobacco factories 13, electrio light works 2, fertilizer works 2, flour mills 5, grist mills 7, ice factories 4, mines 17, oil mills 3, railroads 4, street railways 3, water works 1, wood works 20, miscelleneous 6. soUTn CAnOINA. Brick works 3, cotton mills 13, electric light works 1, fertilizer works 1, flour mills 1, gas works 1, mines 5, oil mills 1, rice mills 1, railroads 2, stamp mills J, tobacco factories 1, water works 4, wood works 9, miscellaneous 5. VitIINIA. Agricultural implement factories 1, brick works 1, birikge works 1, cigar and tobacco factories 3, compressos 1, cotton and woollen mills 4, distilleries 1, elec tric light works 5, flour mills 6, furnaces 1, foundrier and machine works 1, gas works 4, mines and quarries 36, natural gas and oil companies 2, pottorios 1, railroads 16, rolling mills 2, steol works 2, street railways 7, water works 7, wood working establishments 0, miscellaneous Brick wvorks 2, car shops 3, cotton factories 4, compresses '1, distilleries 1, foundries and machine shops 5, ilour mills 7, furnaces 2, gas works 1, grist mills I, ice factories 8, lime and cement works 1, mines andl quarries 37, oil mills 8, railroads 20, rollhng mills I, stamp mmills and smelter 10, street railways 5, water wvorks 1, woodl working establish imonts 23, niiscellaneous 16. Brick yards 2, car shops I, cigar and tobaicco) factories 1, distilleries 3, electric Iightd works I, flour mills 8, foundries anid macino shops :1, gas wo>rks 1, minos and quinarries 12, natural gas and oiL comnpmnies 21, oil mills 3, railroads 4, street railways 21, water works 1, wiro works I , woollen and cotton mills 2, woodii working cutablishmnents 30, miscel laneous 20. hoU11s1 ANA. Cottoni mills I, compresses 1, distilfo ries 3, eugine wyorks 2, flour and grist mnills I, foundries and machine shops 2, turnaces I, ice factories 2, reines and <luarrie~s 41, natural gas and petroleum 2, oil mills 3, rico mills 5, railroads 4, sugar imills 4, street railwvays 1, wood working establishmnents 10, miscellaneou 8. 'rEixas. Cotoni aind woollen mills 10, car wheel works 1, compresses 1, car shops 1, elec tric light works 14, engine works i, fo,IIndries and machine shops 12, i'um i.s 18, gas works 3, grist mills I, ice' factories 7, locomotive works 1. mines. and quarries 20, natural gas and oil coumpanies 1, oil mills 5, radlroads 15, street railways t;, smelters 2, water works I 1, wire wvorks I, wood working estaub lishmments 15, miscellaneous 28. wuuSTj Vi'%,dNIA. Brick worke 1, ca.r shops 1, cottoni Iel woollen ruills 1, distilleries 1, foundries and n achrinv, shops 3, flour mills 2, inios and .juarries 13, nmatuural oil amid gas companmes 3, oil miills 1, piottories 1, -Pipe wvorks I, railroads 7, streeot rail roadls 1, water works 2, wood( working establlishmenlts 10, miscellaneous 6. All of the best makes. $25 cash and balanco November 1, at spot cash prices (on a J'ianxo. $10 cash and balance No vember 1, at spot cash pricos on anm Organ. D)elivered, freight free, at your nearest depot. Fifteen days test trial and freight both ways if not satisfactory. Write for circumlars. N. WV. TRUMP, * Columbia, 5. 0,