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- - - - -, .~.,...-' *~* y'9~I~ - - -% 4 A4~ - -~ 32. yQI, ~y PICKENS, S. C., ThURSDAY, MAY 20, 1886. NO. mere bunching, however, is not the most important thing to be compassed; killing the grass along the line of drill and thinning the bruch out so the p ants will not crowd ai. dwarf each other are the main disidera'a. .This, it strikes us, the harrow will do hotter than anything else. After the harrow has done its work, then probably a chopper might be used advantageously. The bringing to a final stand will probably always re quire some hand labor, but, ' aside from this, cotton cultivation ought to be done exclusively by machines. We have no doubt the proper implements for the purpose will be forthcoming in due time. Machine-mado cotton alone in this country can compete with that raised by cheap labor in India and elsewhere. It is of the first. importance that the early workings of crops should he re peated at short intervals, and thorough ly (lone. Now is the time to kill grass with least labor. If allowed to get a strong foothold, it will take three times as much work to kill it next month as is required to do it now, to say nothing of the injury done by robbing the crop of food, and the bruising an(d dlisturbing of the plants in getting the strongly rooted grass away from them. At least once in ten days the harrows or plows should pass over, and whatever hoe work is needed he given without hesitation or delay. If the ground haplpens to be dlry, don't be deceived into time belief that the crop is clean b ecause the young grass is coverC(1 with dust and is not plainly visible. We have seen many a crop ruined by carelessness just at this point. A dry May cheeks the growth of grass and lulls the farmer into fancied security. A wet June follows, the grass sprimgs up like magic and he never catches ip with it again. If the harrow has been properly used in the corn field, that crop will now b e perfectly clean and so far advanced that there will be no further diffeulty in covering up) young grass or wee(s even iviti a scrape. We know from repeated trials, even on bottom lands that are so liable to becone foul, that a corn crop may be made with the plow alone. It cau be done even with ordinary, old time plows; start before grass maZkes headway; u ith a turning shovel begin in the centre of the middle and bed up, the wing being turned away from the corn. The last furrow, wlin a middle is com pleted, will side the corn very closely and throw just enough dirt to cover up young grass without covering the young corn. The next" working: with a short and broad turning shovel, begin next to corn with wing towards it, and throw dirt moderatety to the l)lan1ts. These two workings should be given before the corn is ten inches high. After that the scrape will (do all that is necessary. Where corna is plant4d in the waiter-fur row, a proper running of time scrape will cover up all grass from the beginning to the end. The first of May is the best time to sow the first crops of forage corn, sor ghums and millet. Supposing the land to have beem broken some time ago, it should have received two broadcast liar rowings to keep the surface clean and mellow. This is especially necessary for all of the sorghuns, because the plants are small at first and grow off quite slow ly. 1-ence early working with the plow is diflicult andl not satisfactory if the land is grassy. These crops can't b)ear the expense of hoe wiork; therefore the necessity for having thme land in finest order at lanSt.ing t.iime. Lay off rows three feet apiart; drill the seed of sor ghums rather th inaly andl coiver lightly with a boardl. For fodder corn proeed( in like manner1, b)ut p)ut in from two to two and a half bushels of seed per' acre. As soon1 as the pilanats are up, andl will hear it, side with serape, set to run very flat; two or three plowings will sullice, and if the land was in proper condition at thme time of planting, no hoeing wvill be calledl foir. German nmilet may~ lbe sownl broadcast if the land has been well prepared and is in fine tilth; a half bushel of seed per acre is sufficient. Suc cessive plantings of above crops every two or three weeks to the first oif August will enable a farmer to feedl his stock all through the summer on green forage moire chieap)ly than on anything else, and with great benefit to their health. Cut andl partly cure-say exposedl to sun and air for one day-before feeding; this will reduice the water in them and render theum less laxative. Any disposition to s'ouir may be prevented by a muixedl raition of dIry andl green forage; p)erhaps this is preferable from every point of view. (Cheap stock feed is like cheap coal for an engine, it reduces the 'cost oif piroiductioni aof everything raised on the famin; and we must bear in minid that money saved is e<puivalent to money made. Itii( (ne can reduce thme cost of piroduinlg cot toni a cent a poundli(, it is the samie to him as if lie sold for one cent moire per poiunda, Au u bundance of cheap foragte makes less grain nimecessary. When no(t at w~oirk, stoick may be kept with lit tle or nao gmin if f'ed faull ratioins of goiod forage. If you have prmeparead for a p)lanmt a port ion of t he co t ton landi these forager cros, i hey will payu you~ better than cotton. Clover andl ' 11nard grass will Ibe ready' for the muower' ny thme (end oif tIhe montha. Cut after the dew is (itY and cock up the same evening all that is mowed b efore oneia o'clock. After hay is well wilted it should never take the dew. Th'ie above appllies more especially to that cut with a mower. Spread out in a uniform lay er, not in swaths, like that huadcut, 'it dries very maplly on a bright day. i hanud-eyt, and the swathb re very heavy, the cocking may be deferredi to the after noon of the next day; but if this is done, it is bitter to turn the swaths~ over in the evenisg and let th nd,.r, , ..~ or tions take the dew. Both grass and clover make a better quality of hay if cut rather early; the quantity, however, will be rather less. When a fourth of the heads turn brown -is probably the best time to cut clover; when in full 1)1011 the time to cut grass. As soon as the mown clover begins a new growth, topdress it with a hundred pounds of plaster to the acre. Every one who raises hogs ought to llalnt largely of the St. )oningo type of sweet. potatoes for fattening them in the fall. Considering quantity and quality, we know of no other food so easily and cheaply raised for the purpose. If the )otato and corn are dried at the temper ature of boiling water, three bLshels of potatoes will contain as nmich dry matter as one of corn; not as much fat. or allbuninous matter in proportion as corn, but more of the starch group than corn. Peas would make up the deticieney in the potato admirably; the two would fit well together and make an almost per feet ration for fattening hogs. Have a potato and pea patch in the suae en closure, so that the hogs may eat of each at will, and you have the fotmidation for cheap pork. If the Spanish ground pea succeeds as well generally as it seems to have done in some localities, it might take the place of the cow pea, especially on lands containing lime. Clover for spring, Bermuda grass for summer, peas, grouudpeas and potatoes for fall and early winter, make provision for nearly the whole year. Let us strike for inde pendence in this and every other diepart ment of farming. Bear in mind that grain harvest, will soon be at hand and arrange work ahead with reference to it. Get crops clean and well worked now, so that they may bear a short neglect during harvest. Some enterprising man in every neigh borhood ought to be encouraged to buy a reaper and cut all the grain just as parties now do the threshing. in other words, a traveling reaper ought to be a regular institution. Farmers can ill spare the time from their crops to harvest grain, and cradlers are getting mol re ex acting and exorbitant in their lemnauds. The practice is b ecoming qluite general to cut oats when the grain is in the ''dough,'' an11d cure it like hay. Cut, and allowed to take the suni a day without being tied up in bundles, it leomaes sutlieiently cured to be tied up and shocked in the usual manner. Or it may be cured like hay and stored away in bulk in stacks or barns. It makes an excellent, feed. Fall oats were qluite gencerally killed by the severe weather in Januarv, but where the land has not been plowed since, an occasional stalk of oats may be found which has survived the cold. It would be well to take care of these and gather them carefully when ripe. Their survival indicates at liardiness of conasti tuition1 which will st.a nd extreme c~1cl, and a very desirable strain of winter oats might be propagated from thetm. The matter is worthy of trial. With us the mercury fell to zero; the red rnst-proof oats was entirely killed, with the very limited exceptions noted above; the win ter grazing oats was also very hadly killed, possibly a tenth escaping. If a variety of oats that can stand the cold of zero is not" to be had, what grain can lie substituted for tall oats? Bye will stand any degree of cold; can it 1be itilized as stock feed when mature and ripe'? Would it be practicable to thresh anmd griad thle graini, and chiaff the straw forage? Or coul b)arley be ni ilized in place of oats? We thiunk the latter is used largely as stock feed in California--ho4w is it ni.an aged? CLa aniy one tell us? Th'le Southern Baptist C~onventioni will meet ini Louiisv'ille, Ky., on May 8 niext. Thie Rev'. Dr. Cooper, of licichmon xd, Va,wias selected to dleliver the C'onven tion sermifon. SomeW timei~ was deOvoted to the Cuban miission. Thle quest ion. was whether the fo)reign or home 1board shoul take charge of it and prosecute the wvork. Able spieeches were moade fori both b oards, but it was decided 1by1 a large maijority to give it to) the~ hiome bloard. An amlendmlent to the conistitua tioni was adopted so as5 to requjlire dele gates to be apploinited by the 1st of1 May of each year, and the repr)ieseuntionl to he one dlelegate for every oie hundred (dollars paidl into the treasury by the lst of May of each year. A report oni tempj eranee, pledginig meimber's to wVork for the~ sniaplressioni of the whiskey traflic, was ad4..ted. '[le Convention adjourned Sie die on ) the lIIth inst. E. Y. IHinkle, of Baltimore, G eneralh Superintendent of the Washiingtonm 'Tel phloneC Company, and3( Williamii C, b Stumps, MaLnagor of the lines ini Winchester, Va., nearly lost their lives on last T.1hursday naighit while crossinig Opeqluan Creek comIling froml B3errvvi lie. Hlinkle cut tIhe horse from the wamgoni andl with Stumips, who has onily one had clung to the animal andi were brought safely to the bank. JIenry MIaylgw, replairer of th1 lines, remuained ini tih3.wagOn amiit was dtrolwnedl. -A silver tobacco box which Jlohn Alden carried in his pocket when, in the courtship of Miles Standish, ho p)rer"nt ed to Priscilla Mullins t& Capain 's proposa2l of n..ernuge, is no0w the proper4'i ty of Mrs. M. McPadden, of Allegheny Ciny, Pam., a descendant of Jlohn Aldlen, belonging to the ninth generation in the regular descent. IIer little silver tobac co box is a curiosity to visitor. 'It is suf>posed to be nearly thrde hundred 'years old. TIIQUJGIITS FOR TIIE MONT1I. r SOME IiEAfONA1LFL SUGESTIONs F101 111H AI'1IOITY'V. What Work tie (ood Farnners Should 1), in the Month or Muy-.. Interesting Article .* From an Intelligent WVriter. (W L. Jones in the May "Cultivator.") The earth is now warm enough for grass and weeds to grow rapidly. They cannot be permitted to share with the crops the plant food in the soil; Oxtermi nation of them is now the order of the day. How to accomplish this economni oally, rapidly and without injury to young crops is one of the nicest problems the fanner is called upon to solve. In the recent progress of agriculture, the old-time method of running around young plauts with a narrow scooter, hav ing a board nailed to foot an( beam on one side to prevent throwing dirt on the little plants, first gave way to the sweep. The latter shaved the surface nicely, and with its wing running (uite liat threw very litile dirt. Moreover the siding furrows swept out the nmiddles at the same time, a great advance over two siding furrows with scooters and sulse (luent breaking of the middles with shovels. But with the nicest work of the sweep, there is still a narrow strip along the line of planlts which is undlis turbed, and 111)011 which grass canh firmly fix itself. To destroy it., the hoe was called into retquisition. This involved heavy expense, unpleasant contact with labor and great demand for ha10n(s to chop out cotton. Next emme broadcast cultivation with the harrow in the first stages of the crop, with heel scrapes anhd 4 . cultivators later. This is as far as we have advanced; indeed, most farmers have not yet reached this point, tntd the nethod is not yet, p)erhaps, fully per fected. But from the very nature of things we must adv:ance in this direction --nachines, imllements, horse-o wer, must sup1)dlant hand labor motre 1111(1 more. How to cheapen production is the lroblem of the hour. Our fathers pushed labor to the utmost inl clearing forests and cultivating virgin soils. Since the 'war the use of fertilizers has been developed to great perfection; and t ow surroupdings demanld the motist exteided use of.Cachinery and horse-power. All debartnents of industry are moving im this di ection, and agriculturec anntt lig behind, ; Cautiously, wisely, judieiously it musto0 on. Our readers will remembher the irtieles published last year in the Cultivator on broadcast cultivation with thme barrow. The points which seem to be well set tled wore that obstructions must be re moved-trash in the shtape of Corn anid cotton stalks (ut ip or knocked to p ieces and buried by breaking land with large turn 1)loughs; beds, if any, to be low and leveled down wit.lm harrow immedi ately after planting; if rain follows plant ing quickly, harrow as sOn as dry enough, never allowing a crust to form. As soon as cotton begins fairly to come up, run harrow obliquely across rows never in the directioln of the rows-in four or five days run olbliqluely across again inl the ol)posite direction, so that these two lharrowings may be at right angles to each other. Im three or four days harrow again across tihe last. These harrowings must begin early and bue re peated rapidly to thinm out thme cotton, which they ctan do whlilst thme lanLits are very young and tender---when still yel low. When older and tougheor they will be p)ushled aide oftenm without being dle stroyed. The cotton now being consid erably thiinnued, grass and( weeds thor oughmly killed, andl( thme surface nicely pulIverized1, tihe crop is in conditioni to be easily cultivamted wi,th sweep or scrap)e. lIt is saidi also thmat in time condlitioni left by the harrowings a good hand can chmop to a stanmd twom aeres of cotton ma day. If t .e soil is supp)llied withm humus, and the hand well 1prepalred, cultivation should b)e very shallow fromm thme start. In hard soil, disposed ton ritt togethmer after rain, a deep) plowintg is peIrhapts admlIiibile when thme cttton is very yo)unig, lbut not otherwise. In two experimenits imatde successively in 1884 and 1885 mi time Ala haImam Experimeinit Staitioni, to( test effects (of dleep anid shaldlow cumltiva.tionm, there was a dlifferen ice respiectiv'ely of 85 and 109) poundmms of seed cottonm per. acme in favor of shmallow cuiltivationi throughout. 'lI'e twoI plats were prepamretd, i mnured and cultivated exacttly alike, t'eet t hat whmen the cottonm on onme phltt was about a foot high it was plowed deep with a long secotem tand scr'ape, ats is freeptently Aonei by farmers, and its roots conmsidlera bly put. The scrape shoulid always he0 attapcd behind time foot of thme plowli, nmot in front of it, and thme scooter uisedl With i4 should be very shmort, juist long 09pongh to keep thme poinmt of thme low-i~ foot from strikimng time bot om omf time fur row. Another i nterestinmg expeimenmt made at time sinme staitioni illustrates a point we have of ten urged, to-wit, time importance of Pressing or niyminig seed in time soil to muure plrompt gerImination. Cotton was p)lanted in two adjacmment rows on the samen (lay with two dliffmeent cot ton planters, one covering thme see(d inm the usual nmaummer, tme othmer thmrowinmg the dirt into a ridlge over' the seed anmd thmen p)assinug it (down1 on tho seed bly a roller rigidly attached to the mainie-e weather was dry. Where time roller pressed time dirt uplon thme seed, a staind *as secu'red in tenm days; thme othmer did ho't come up unitil aifter a rain hamd fallen Kn oetwenty-fouir dlays after being Inventors have nmot ats yet givenm up thme hopei or the p)ossib)ility of perfecting a nmchime for chopping cotton. There is pv()ry purobiability that one camn be made w'huich will ''bunchm" ottonm satisfactorily. .Autthe sanme endo might be rcehed buy a uf4nter droppin'g thm eed n hill,. mTh fl'ERNIEY ('.TTI . .n Eenay iend Ifefure the IIn'rllwy'v Ireedc-r,s Aiocia1i0n,. Among the various breeds to which popunlar attention has bee'n called in re cent years, there is none deserving a higher l)ace ini putlblir estimat.ion than th o uernsey, wieiter for dairy pur poses or the later garnered Profit as a beef animal; and yet, perhaps, notwitht st.anding sucht strong claims upon the farmers and reedetrs' attent ion, no breed is so little generdly known. Not only are there very nanty who have never seen a (unnsey, but there are a vast number more who have never seen the milk or butter, and a still greater number who have never eaten (iernsey beef. Those who have not, have yet to see the(l deepest colored milk and ercamn, the most golden colored butter, requir ing no aid from coloring mnatter either ill snummer or winter, and to taste the most high tly-tlave red Inef in existence, having a peculiar flavor of its own. 'This breed ay he snid to be tine lip i ' nedium het ween the dininintive Jer sey and the luge Friesinn, and eon - p rising the mtterits of both breeds. It is tihus )nr-excellence the farmer's breed, espleeially for tihe butter-tnking farmer. 1)oeile to an extremne, hearing neglect of care well, it yet repvs careful atteition d1(1 good feeding with as much interest as can ibe expected of any hovit race . CO1Ott OF' 'I'lll B(it91:1). iEvtn t~ the fistiliouts, whomt l nothing butt it solidl eolor will please, its rcl golen-nued skins wvill prove attractive antd reconmnend its llcasaumtly comihned iies of yellow or lemon-fawn and wh ite. for in no other breed will there he found such an exudation of 1nutyraceotis mate rial filling the pxortes and the hair with untctions matter, prnoducintg that soften ing effect so dear to the hau( of the ex I ert and to the Ireeder of butter, at. least, ais ia general rule in this 1breed, it heing the excepltion in other breeds. While to the pn'act,ical nain, who knows that color of the hair hais not. the slight est influence upon the yield or constitit tion, the charinirg, softening eflects of the blending of the golden fawns and white are sou'ces of pe(rletuaul delight. As this is as ol a 1 breed as any other, hnas been kei purely bred' as long, aud wats imported into this eotntry as early is the Jersey, theme must he a reason for its b'iug colmiuninratively st little known and extenided. The earliest settlers in the sea-h otnrd districts were I)uteh, Swedisht and English. They niaturally brough t with thetm the cows from thei' hno01m0s, and thins, with the int4'rmningling of the ir eatte, there spntig up1t what is now ten'ned 'Native Race. '' A4 it was found desirable to inmpr'ove up on thse with imr11e-1 brod stoci:, the Uevons, the Shtorthorus, ihe .Jerseys aund the (;uer'n seys were imptl)orted. 'Pine latter t)wo in the first <quarter of this century. Tiny at otnce attracted( gratt nttentioTn for their richness of yield. Each br eed was inn por't('d indiscrininately fron either island under the generat niame of Alder ney. As they b)ecam e tashionable in Enghnd, it d as each island restr'ictetd inportation, the true distinetion fitnally culminated in the formution of ctus for each 1brted The Jerseys, fr'o m tintir great beautt , is :ell as merit, in c taken tihe leatd. Th.1eni paise hias bteten int.rald edt in tevery' nnininenr, anti 1being moren~ finntly 1backed uip b y r''teords oIf greant in ftnrmnance, tint b,reedt hasi a ptrmnnient hnohtl in tihis (couintr'y, ann as mieiit is guitding selc(tion no(w, its t'lainms to vunne will inlcrteas. Tihus, also, it is with thle Guner'nsey. Th'ie eartliest imp ortaMtin made by Colt, Bidtlet, Kinng andt tterns, havee 1btenn miaintainned 1by inuian thentrs. lBut ftor nuny year's paust t hose who weren dlevelopiing tint GIuer'nseys ini this ctnn tryv, wvere too bunsy eninarging thir'in hntrdns, andh havinig tnt'e to spnare, diid bunt lit tie to cll attentinn ttn them. Butn asx a kno wledige of theminmenits sprteadt, ealni (ers hanve stead(ily beetn i nea'nsiing thinr n inn poritatitonns, and nbreeers hanve' goneut nver aind mnandt stelectio)ns, unjtil nonw thnere is 1bt(gining to ib' a xtipply ftnr tint rapnid iy iincrea?nsinlg demand. As tine islandi iins a hnistory' tnf tover two) tinonusaind yearns, ins it'e attl I mve strn gly' ninrked pentcuiliar'(~ inharacterist ics, minitaninned by na rigid text'iisinotn fromnn tint islndt of' any tothe btiireed, it stetis not wornthi onur while to ennten' into tine ti ptutend ques'tion nf tine orIigin of tinis brnneed of cattle, buit to ctonte'nt tournselves' with their t'xcelltence ins wt' iintl thenm nat thnis tday. We mnay, in pnassiing, state tour btelie'f thnat they arnt tnf Normantnn originn, thouingh thler'e is stomnet tet''timnyni whnieb mnighmt leatd ins tto supof ise they miight havn e or'iginnally been brounghit tnre 1hv tine Djants, tor nat ltnast thant soimt uiniint's wenre impjor'td by~ tint Dnets aind nmixted with those5( ftundt oji the islnd. As Nrnnnal ni o' riiit tanny are' tine iinrest coa5st lands tof Frniet withi wiih tinerne i contant oinnlientitnn, andt nix thei pre'semnt Nortmann1ei bretds, tine (Connte'nitiint andt tine likte, arne veriy simnilar, nabnnost equalnnly nnotedl for' th'inr r'iebn dairy qunali ties, atnd yiteldi nig lint superjtior n' tinttenr, thait. k(nowu as ctnomiing fnromn Isigny) anwnl IBayen t annd brniinginig tine highest pricte in tine in'mrkt I1 say ti" w'. 4ie shnoul have~ great~ v.el gf n mnascribihng thle mnain or'igin of tine (iitnsty breed't to Nor manidy. Be thant ias it nmaiy, tine nmost unprejudiced mi inds, aftenr b ecom ning iae qutainited wvith nall tine mnerits of (Guen' sey, mvust admnlit thait thney have no su peritors in tIimn pn'ndr iiraits. TRitSt or THEu BRnED, Th'iese' may lbe sumimed tup in few wortds. The Guernsey gives a hirgt'r qiiuntity of milk thnan any' of tine brneedts which gis e ricn mnilk; she muainains fin' quantity lor' a longer time', more 'omn tinulously; it is the deepest, tine richiest in color of all milks; it is unnsurpaissed in yield of hnute fati, inn ti,amn, liv ,tj,.rti having made a pound of butter, even with the few tests that have been made; the butter is the highest and deepest tone of all self-colored butters; the but ter will go farther; it. has a peculiar rich flavor and aroma; the beef is remarkably juicy and well interlaid with fat of the deepest color, tender, an1d of the highest flavor, a(1 the carcasS dresses vell and l)rotitatbly. Considering that there are but 1,000 head of cattle on the island, and that there must. he mon' or less close interbreeding, the Guernsey cow is a very sure and regular b reeder, and re llroduces herself and her fixed types with exactitude; her docility and gentle ness, most. important. traits in +a dairy breed, are remarkable, and the males are of anh aniale and gentle disposition, eldoml becoming eross or desiring to 1'oil t1. lit size, avoiding the diiniuutiveness on the one ln1d and the gross size on1 the other, the (Ghernsey is of the size easiest mnaintained for g ood returns; and when killed for heef, cuts to p rofit; as oxen, while not qui("k-step)ping, they are llatient and assiduous. 'he (olor is lleculii, mainly running in shades of orange and lem0on fawn, ('ither in solid ma1ltssb or prettily 1broken with 11155es of white. Fornierly blaek anid brindle we re more commoni than at the 1preset t Ime. r'1'Te skin is usually of so rich a golden ('4)l 'r 115 t.( 1be unrivaled anutd extaordillar,V. its nnt.ioitsiess mnellows the skit n11(1 softens the hair an(d exides in a yellow buihtyrneeous se cret ion. ''he golden r1i1 lti'miiid the eyes, the ('ollections in the ears, and the dlandrull' at. the end of the tail, all pro chbtim the wonderful rieliess of the ani iorTl:N:('Y O '1'1u 1uEE). 'Tlie long continued similhtr course of breeding which the (Guternsey has under gone gives it that power which we term p )teley; the aility to llrodulce like, to repeat it~elf, whe thur upon imembers of its own breed or upon those of other hreeds. It is this qpiality which renders the (iuernsey bulls so vahtlle to stamp tIh 'ir get withl thie peenliar richness of the breed; thlis is so lasting that it takes generations to bree1d it out. We know of an iistance where a 11111 Wais intro duced tw 'utyv yeairs ago, and the 1 nutter, as mtrketed fr on his descendants, shows the riclh color ui 1 the .o(od f1h1 t ) this (lay. T1he euntinuity of h,er yield is one of the most. va'htalble traits of' tlie cow, for by this pertinacity up to her calving ('Vel(, the moderate milker ini this length of time catches up and yiel s in quantity itore thlai tte cow ihat m1ilks well for three or four months, ttr that. goes dry for two or three monlhs, gradually fail ing upl to the time of stopping. This is eslecially valuable to the owner of b1 t one cow, 11 whire lie owns two cOws and insists 1113311> their taking a inatutul and needied lest ot six weeks or two imonths, lie '22n arraunge it st its alwtyIS to have his m ilk andi( butter. 1Like li har' and tortoise, it is the Steadiv milker that heats in the long run. (:N 1iLA 1. 'uIt1oY: M :ulrs. 'lle ( inerliseys arte hardy a11d tough, and therefore fitted for any section of this cohntry, and we know of no b1'eed so fitted for tihe rapidly increasing dairies (tf thie West, the fai' West and the N%orthIwest. On)m thteir' own~ island they 21r3 e'xpo4 sed n21or3 o1r less every day in tIhe year1i, iln the daiy timit ini the lit sims:mlId at night to the ii-avy dews andit to the attlinospherae lieuavy with cold and0 damp ness5, pro0voca2t ive of' rhlen inatisnli in tli3 mlan 2wanlt a1 (cow (f goodl size thiev enni tun for' leef, $1lli wihiile' alive wif| paiy weLll inl ilk i b111 utter'. TJhiis 543112 to hbe at sine (qu2 21(on w,ithi farni'i-r's o3'fit' Ea~ist 11s weltl as ofi the- West. If' these cittle 4on a small11 islandi~ are e'xpoe t o3t 4 the leac21hinig suilid ito such wit il-ing lasts tllit I haiet seen w1holte he-dges, trees iad shrnh13 1bhickeneld by'1 th11(123 1by ai deva~istait ing Iira, (enni staiih sneih chanlmges, they, 2are well fitted to the lirdt life 01n manily of 3312r 1iifelteed farms. 14i.hI Iie'r nIe'trm er. Rbe l rt Wr iigh t wais slit and killItt at Ih brthin-r. AXfter' hill arrival slit' wtt to Wr ighit's phlce oftIl buisis and aih sked thiemt taking (efilet, one1 ini hi4 la s4l iitl thel. otfher' in his chrtst, and1 lie dropped4't deadt. 'The( womanil ehaiims$ itt'b the' mother of ai five-wees-ohl illeg4itinite child, of wIhieb'h Wr'ighit was thle fa1ther'. buit lwaViys failed to keep his word. SIll nu1ale up1 herI inid to kill himii if lie ain~i re'fuised to keelp his p)romiiseb. A fto'r' the wher'e thle formern gave her'1self upi to thlit 4oflieris, Ibuit re'fused tto give her'1 nanwil. 14n3- l.(i1 1fei) l 1 23 ' g 3 l( 'lfT ii 5 rin '.u I in Leni\l gt but0 I Ii). hias lil greait wear12 and11 ftar in oflie', ter 'eptf to face(5 the 1,(3HH) 11nen, 'elh (of prop3o se's to diire't (.I ''l.a.> 24 movemen'ts. -A ,2m21213'r of giirls ini New, 'York, whot oners'i'tand il stenot grapthiy tandt Spaniish, lalt ge'tt ing good4 sahIiriets fromt mferl',.ints and14 otherls Ilt haing t'(. iLth Mexic lo. TIhis imie s& t hat trade1l with that coun1itr'y is grotwing, anid that it is (quite wor'th flhe while of women wl'm' work to diversify the2ir' stod( of informuation. Sptanlish is a language very easily learned, t.hree months b einig ample time to. atcquiire eniouigh of it for the purploses of corre Hondence, 17ENERAL ROBRT E. LEK. li,e Acept(I'anIoe of the' (ominaud of the Conred erate Army or Virginln. (From the Chicago Tribune.) "1)id I ever tell you," said ox-Senator Pomeroy, of Kansas, to me the other day, that 1 was present when tilt) com mand of the Confederate army was offer ed to Genoral Lee?" "No." "Well, I was; I. stood within six feet of him. Nobody in the party know me as I had just arrived in Washington from Kansas, and vasaliost an entire stranger here. Kansas was admitted, you re member, during the last days of Buchan an's administration, and Lane and I were eleeted to the Senate. We came to Washington with a lot of Kansas fellows to see what the secessionists were doing, and were on the ears when we heard that Fort Sumter had beent fired upon. ''But. i am going to tell you about Lee. T was keeping a (iary then, as I have ever since, and do now. Only the other day 1 was reading it over, and it recalled to me that about the 16th or 17th of April, 1861, a committee of twelve men came up from the secession convention, then meeting at Richmond,i and stopped at the hotel where I was. I used to circulate a'ound among them, trying to find out what they wero up to, and discovered that. they had come to see General, who was over at Arlington. Oie afternoon about 4 o'clock they start ed ofi in carriages, and a friend of mino and T got in a buggy and followed theim. W e joined the procession before it got to Arlington, and acted just as if we were a part of their crowd. When we reached the old mansionl General Lee, who was evidently not expecting any callers, came (Cmt. in his dressing-gown and slippers, and I tell you he was as nob le 3a looking a man as ever I saw. lie had been sent for by ( leneral Seott, and caine from California, you remenber, to use his infiu enec to prevent Virginia from going out of the Union, and while he had not made any publie declaration, people gen erally understood that. he was opposed to secession, so we watched what was going on with a great deal of interest. "''The elairman presented the deie gates to the General one by one, and wlien they had ben introduced he he gan at sp eech wiihi 1 wrote down as nearly as 1 could remember it in ily diary that iight. It was very nearly in these words: 'General ILee, we are au thorized by the convention tow in ses sions at Riehniond to convey to you an expression of the cointldence and esteem, as one of the most esteemed citizens of Virginia, 11d to tender you the coni mand of the troopts that have been raised to protect. the 1)hl1 State from the peril whliebi now conifronIs her". We are cln conraged by the belief that you, as a son of Virginia, wvill respond to her cull and tdirect the ilhitairy forces so as lo pievent the imilita rv iivasiun of her sacred soil. We know that lirge 1boedies of troops are 1being orgalized in the north for coerciol of our people, and they will be resisted by every patriotic citizen of the Conimonwclth. Th con vention at Itiehmond is awaiting anxions ly for our return with your answer, is your necephlie will give strongth and enco urageimenit, to the peo'ple.' "'1.o this Lee respoidedtl briefly and dlirectly'. lHe stood5 ai miomient with a dleterinjied expriessionl upon(1 his face, a1s if the inid wa1s fully~ i made up, lot lie was not (PitaSin in,w ti prless~ himself. My fr'iemi uind I. lrini wllhat wIe laid uondl 1411 thw coninluittee to go~ homIIe andlt aalhidn '1 Ili s(esshiion1 prgrammlle. I h <.tarited 'int all right in his rely. en ilemien,' said iw, 'Iluln oluissed to1 war, I aml tsp(cilly ~ OSpse to civil wvar, to strii fe iwtwIeen brilwr ie'. I regret. that one section of this P'ounltryv is arrayeud againsst the oither.' "ipi to that,''Conitiinued ?llr. PomelIIrovy aI thiouight lhe was ging tI udeclinie, but his next w<miid searjed me: 'I heard th voicte of Virginia,' lie said, 'of the mlothi ir that bo. re me, who>se soil is as saicried as thle ashes of my faithier lamried ther'.' ' ll's gonile,' I sidto my) fri ienid, 'lIe's madiie upl his iinid,' andl his niext wordls w ere: 'I cannollit resist thle call oif the So vere*ignl State to wh ill I owe miy fir st al leginne('e;11 but' eIember~, gentlet1(1en, 1 shaill drawi~ myl swvoid ilnll. her ense, andt withu the prayer that we, ini defending ouri right s. miay nott heC compielled to shed th Ilo10d1 oif our~ brethreni.' "le theni said that lhe would go to Ili ihin.ind at on1ce andit rep)ort inl personl toI the' g'3vermnenlt. "T'he niext moring everybody knew that1 [l hadt& gonle to) Richmnond, and1( A rttiieIa, ic c t a Preh4a5uwri,~ Product. D r. Van Maden' of IRomec, hats pub lishied so initeresting account of the evi dencles discovyered by him of prehistoric heniistriy in Italy. In the museum of orinelo 'T'nlruinius, a city on the Medi. I em ianl coast, he found twoi Specimens if anienit dentistry, whiich the Mayor' of t lmt city certltilies weore found upc th Ilrst. op(ini lg oif thle Wiod Etruscan toiib s, and1( PVI4Vor IIcilbig gives as sua;',te that these were' virgini tomb s, daitinlg basck four or' live cenituri.t b efiore the Chiristiani era. Iu Al((e of the spici nonms the two uniperior' central inIcis,'m( are X..uno by a band( of very so4 gold to teeth on! eith.er side- the a.rti1leinl tceth are well carved , dnently i'roml the toth of son1' large aimUTal. (Onei Other uartfi- I eiail tooth wa~s bel lhv the same hiaid, but it is lost1. Dr). Va'ni Marter hasiln his< ownl posw1.-.s411in a skuill in which the lirst ( nlpper )iolair tin thel right side is muissinIg, and whlichi shows plain marks oif anle alveolar abiM'tsces, pmin~Vlg coniclusiwl 31 toothache among the Etruscans,.1 THE RIOHMOkD CONERBlCE. Matters of interest to the Methodist Chnrek 'si.Itdered and Decided. In the Methodist Episcopal General Conference last week the Manual of Disciplino by Bishop McTyeire again came up uler a motion that the Col lege of Bishops be requested to publish their decisions. After considerable dis cussion the matter went over without action. It was manifest that the greater part of the delegates are unwilling that the Manual shall serve as a final arbiter. A large nunber of amendments havm been offered, looking to i 'change of )iseipline, but so far little disposition is manifested to make changes. Dr. Ed wards, of Virginia, introduced a resolu tion p roposing a change in the order of divine servicc on the Sabbath day. An animated debate followed. Drs. MoFer rn, Kellev, Young and others spoke earnestly agni nst t lie resolutions, which Was finally re(j 'eted. The connuittee on episcopacy reported in relation to episcopal resi(lenccs that in their Opinlion there should be a Bishop from each of the great sections of the country. The Rev. I)r. John \1iley, fraternal messenger froml the Nortliern Methodist Church, was introduced to tie Confor ence. (lovernor Foraker, the other fraternal messenger from the Northern Church, (lid not come. A large congregation attended Cen tenary Church to hear adresses by the fraternal delegates---the Rev. Mr. Briggs, of the Methodist Church of Canada, and the Ilev. )r. Miley, of the Methodist Episcopal Ciurcl. The addresses were all admirable, and were most attentively heard. The report of the colnmittee on foreign missions, to which was referred the reso lution in reference to the appointment of a superilt.enden,t of foreign missions, recollmlend.led non -concurrence. Adopt ed. The conmunittce on church extension reconmmellded that the request for the establisInnent of a wollan's department of church extension, for the purpose of securing parsonages for the church, be granted. Mr. Peterson, of Virginia, from the Commllllittee on Bibles, submitted a half dozeln reportl in relation to changes in )iseipline. Il ) also submlitted the re port of his comlittee in regard to the muemorial of the Missouri Conference asking that the word "South" be elimni lated from the iname of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, and report UPOn the res 5uhttion prov"iding that chlirch meiber signing petitions for the sale of iltoxicating liquor may bo dealt with as the case mlay require. To this resolution the collittee recommend non-eolietrrene. 'lsIe Hesslon of 'luirsday was consum ed ml dhiscussing diterent features of the Mitnual of )iscipline. It was resolved to elect fou' new bish)ops on the 18tli instantlt. A .%% . 3e I cou lini i,. It j'il',iee at tie hand,, UIf n .lob. Tlhieodure Baker, a New Mexico man who was recently hanged by a mob, but was r.sCced and cut down before life was1 extinct, gives this~ account of his ex periee to a new~1slil per* correspondent: 'A little furtheri on1 we camne to a~ telegraphi pole. F"rom the crossbar nvung ai new rope. 0OnO nied was a big slip noose'. They led 111 under the ropIe. f tried to stotop dowvn and pull iny boots off, as [ hiad promised myfok I would1( not die with may boots folkbu before I couhll (d4 it the noose was thirowni over miy head and T was jerked off may teet. My senisus left me a mno ment, anid then I. waked up1 in what seeinedl to) be' anothier wor'ld. As I recol leet niow, the senisatloll wais that every thing almulit 11- himd mulltip)lied a great lanmyl tiunis. It. seemlied that my fivo ex4entioners hadl grown,i in itnmber until thet re wereI tIhouiMitsands/f them. I saw what seeniedl to I>e a inultitude of anime of all shapi~es and siivos. Thien things hianged anld I wats ill great pain. I be amlie consiSou thalt I was hanging by lhe nook, and that the knot of the rope ad slipped around under my chin. My iands were loosely tied, and I jerked henm loose and1( tried to catch the rope thove mec. Somleb)ody caught mo by the 'cet just the'n and gave nme a jerk. It seemeOd lieairgh l of lightning pasen front olimy eyes. It was fol owed by ia terrible pain up and down mdit across miy back, atid I could feel my egs jerk and draw upj. Then there was 't blank, and I knew nothing more until 11 o'clock next (liy. "My first recollectioni was being in the court room, and1( saying: 'Who cut me down?' There was ai terrible ringing in my ears, like the beating oif gongs.I recognized no one. Thle pain in mny back continued. Moments of uncon sciouIsness follo wed dhurinIg several days, and1( 1 have very little rec(ollectionl of the jOurney here. EvAen lifter I had( been locked up itn this pr'isoni for safe keeping for a long timea 1 sa1w dloule. J)r. Sym inigton, thle piwnoi phlysicianl, looked1 like two perisonis. was still tronbledi with spll of total forgetfulnecss. Somretimesl it semed I didn't know whoa I was." -- Spns vessel laden with molas. siomei days aigo, and1( all hut one of the 'rew escap)ed, thanilks to the assistance of hIe residlents- of that nedighiborhood. Vhen the wreck bioke upl and casks f miolisses 1beganl toi come ash'itore, the apItaini and the crew t&ood by with xes and broke thiem til as fast as they ame14 withm11 reachi, refusing even the mp~ty (eas.ks to then' . who41 sVio r4 ecently Oelped to save theiri lives.