The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, May 20, 1886, Image 1
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yQI, ~y PICKENS, S. C., ThURSDAY, MAY 20, 1886. NO.
mere bunching, however, is not the most
important thing to be compassed; killing
the grass along the line of drill and
thinning the bruch out so the p ants
will not crowd ai. dwarf each other are
the main disidera'a. .This, it strikes us,
the harrow will do hotter than anything
else. After the harrow has done its
work, then probably a chopper might be
used advantageously. The bringing to
a final stand will probably always re
quire some hand labor, but, ' aside from
this, cotton cultivation ought to be done
exclusively by machines. We have no
doubt the proper implements for the
purpose will be forthcoming in due
time. Machine-mado cotton alone in
this country can compete with that raised
by cheap labor in India and elsewhere.
It is of the first. importance that the
early workings of crops should he re
peated at short intervals, and thorough
ly (lone. Now is the time to kill grass
with least labor. If allowed to get a
strong foothold, it will take three times
as much work to kill it next month as is
required to do it now, to say nothing of
the injury done by robbing the crop of
food, and the bruising an(d dlisturbing of
the plants in getting the strongly rooted
grass away from them. At least once in
ten days the harrows or plows should
pass over, and whatever hoe work is
needed he given without hesitation or
delay. If the ground haplpens to be
dlry, don't be deceived into time belief
that the crop is clean b ecause the young
grass is coverC(1 with dust and is not
plainly visible. We have seen many a
crop ruined by carelessness just at this
point. A dry May cheeks the growth of
grass and lulls the farmer into fancied
security. A wet June follows, the grass
sprimgs up like magic and he never
catches ip with it again.
If the harrow has been properly used
in the corn field, that crop will now b e
perfectly clean and so far advanced that
there will be no further diffeulty in
covering up) young grass or wee(s even
iviti a scrape. We know from repeated
trials, even on bottom lands that are so
liable to becone foul, that a corn crop
may be made with the plow alone. It
cau be done even with ordinary, old
time plows; start before grass maZkes
headway; u ith a turning shovel begin in
the centre of the middle and bed up, the
wing being turned away from the corn.
The last furrow, wlin a middle is com
pleted, will side the corn very closely
and throw just enough dirt to cover up
young grass without covering the young
corn. The next" working: with a short
and broad turning shovel, begin next to
corn with wing towards it, and throw
dirt moderatety to the l)lan1ts. These
two workings should be given before the
corn is ten inches high. After that the
scrape will (do all that is necessary.
Where corna is plant4d in the waiter-fur
row, a proper running of time scrape will
cover up all grass from the beginning to
the end.
The first of May is the best time to
sow the first crops of forage corn, sor
ghums and millet. Supposing the land
to have beem broken some time ago, it
should have received two broadcast liar
rowings to keep the surface clean and
mellow. This is especially necessary for
all of the sorghuns, because the plants
are small at first and grow off quite slow
ly. 1-ence early working with the plow
is diflicult andl not satisfactory if the
land is grassy. These crops can't b)ear
the expense of hoe wiork; therefore the
necessity for having thme land in finest
order at lanSt.ing t.iime. Lay off rows
three feet apiart; drill the seed of sor
ghums rather th inaly andl coiver lightly
with a boardl. For fodder corn proeed(
in like manner1, b)ut p)ut in from two to
two and a half bushels of seed per' acre.
As soon1 as the pilanats are up, andl will
hear it, side with serape, set to run very
flat; two or three plowings will sullice,
and if the land was in proper condition
at thme time of planting, no hoeing wvill
be calledl foir. German nmilet may~ lbe
sownl broadcast if the land has been well
prepared and is in fine tilth; a half
bushel of seed per acre is sufficient. Suc
cessive plantings of above crops every
two or three weeks to the first oif August
will enable a farmer to feedl his stock all
through the summer on green forage
moire chieap)ly than on anything else, and
with great benefit to their health. Cut
andl partly cure-say exposedl to sun and
air for one day-before feeding; this will
reduice the water in them and render
theum less laxative. Any disposition to
s'ouir may be prevented by a muixedl
raition of dIry andl green forage; p)erhaps
this is preferable from every point of
view. (Cheap stock feed is like cheap
coal for an engine, it reduces the 'cost oif
piroiductioni aof everything raised on the
famin; and we must bear in minid that
money saved is e<puivalent to money
made. Itii( (ne can reduce thme cost of
piroduinlg cot toni a cent a poundli(, it is the
samie to him as if lie sold for one cent
moire per poiunda, Au u bundance of cheap
foragte makes less grain nimecessary. When
no(t at w~oirk, stoick may be kept with lit
tle or nao gmin if f'ed faull ratioins of goiod
forage. If you have prmeparead for a
p)lanmt a port ion of t he co t ton landi
these forager cros, i hey will payu you~
better than cotton.
Clover andl ' 11nard grass will Ibe ready'
for the muower' ny thme (end oif tIhe montha.
Cut after the dew is (itY and cock up the
same evening all that is mowed b efore oneia
o'clock. After hay is well wilted it
should never take the dew. Th'ie above
appllies more especially to that cut with
a mower. Spread out in a uniform lay
er, not in swaths, like that huadcut, 'it
dries very maplly on a bright day. i
hanud-eyt, and the swathb re very heavy,
the cocking may be deferredi to the after
noon of the next day; but if this is done,
it is bitter to turn the swaths~ over in the
evenisg and let th nd,.r, , ..~ or
tions take the dew. Both grass and
clover make a better quality of hay if
cut rather early; the quantity, however,
will be rather less. When a fourth of
the heads turn brown -is probably the
best time to cut clover; when in full
1)1011 the time to cut grass. As soon as
the mown clover begins a new growth,
topdress it with a hundred pounds of
plaster to the acre.
Every one who raises hogs ought to
llalnt largely of the St. )oningo type of
sweet. potatoes for fattening them in the
fall. Considering quantity and quality,
we know of no other food so easily and
cheaply raised for the purpose. If the
)otato and corn are dried at the temper
ature of boiling water, three bLshels of
potatoes will contain as nmich dry matter
as one of corn; not as much fat. or
allbuninous matter in proportion as corn,
but more of the starch group than corn.
Peas would make up the deticieney in
the potato admirably; the two would fit
well together and make an almost per
feet ration for fattening hogs. Have a
potato and pea patch in the suae en
closure, so that the hogs may eat of each
at will, and you have the fotmidation for
cheap pork. If the Spanish ground pea
succeeds as well generally as it seems to
have done in some localities, it might
take the place of the cow pea, especially
on lands containing lime. Clover for
spring, Bermuda grass for summer, peas,
grouudpeas and potatoes for fall and
early winter, make provision for nearly
the whole year. Let us strike for inde
pendence in this and every other diepart
ment of farming.
Bear in mind that grain harvest, will
soon be at hand and arrange work ahead
with reference to it. Get crops clean
and well worked now, so that they may
bear a short neglect during harvest.
Some enterprising man in every neigh
borhood ought to be encouraged to buy
a reaper and cut all the grain just as
parties now do the threshing. in other
words, a traveling reaper ought to be a
regular institution. Farmers can ill spare
the time from their crops to harvest
grain, and cradlers are getting mol re ex
acting and exorbitant in their lemnauds.
The practice is b ecoming qluite general
to cut oats when the grain is in the
''dough,'' an11d cure it like hay. Cut, and
allowed to take the suni a day without
being tied up in bundles, it leomaes
sutlieiently cured to be tied up and
shocked in the usual manner. Or it may
be cured like hay and stored away in
bulk in stacks or barns. It makes an
excellent, feed.
Fall oats were qluite gencerally killed
by the severe weather in Januarv, but
where the land has not been plowed
since, an occasional stalk of oats may be
found which has survived the cold. It
would be well to take care of these and
gather them carefully when ripe. Their
survival indicates at liardiness of conasti
tuition1 which will st.a nd extreme c~1cl,
and a very desirable strain of winter oats
might be propagated from thetm. The
matter is worthy of trial. With us the
mercury fell to zero; the red rnst-proof
oats was entirely killed, with the very
limited exceptions noted above; the win
ter grazing oats was also very hadly
killed, possibly a tenth escaping. If a
variety of oats that can stand the cold of
zero is not" to be had, what grain can lie
substituted for tall oats? Bye will stand
any degree of cold; can it 1be itilized as
stock feed when mature and ripe'? Would
it be practicable to thresh anmd griad thle
graini, and chiaff the straw forage? Or
coul b)arley be ni ilized in place of oats?
We thiunk the latter is used largely as
stock feed in California--ho4w is it ni.an
aged? CLa aniy one tell us?
Th'le Southern Baptist C~onventioni will
meet ini Louiisv'ille, Ky., on May 8 niext.
Thie Rev'. Dr. Cooper, of licichmon xd,
Va,wias selected to dleliver the C'onven
tion sermifon. SomeW timei~ was deOvoted to
the Cuban miission. Thle quest ion. was
whether the fo)reign or home 1board
shoul take charge of it and prosecute
the wvork. Able spieeches were moade fori
both b oards, but it was decided 1by1 a
large maijority to give it to) the~ hiome
bloard. An amlendmlent to the conistitua
tioni was adopted so as5 to requjlire dele
gates to be apploinited by the 1st of1 May
of each year, and the repr)ieseuntionl to
he one dlelegate for every oie hundred
(dollars paidl into the treasury by the lst
of May of each year.
A report oni tempj eranee, pledginig
meimber's to wVork for the~ sniaplressioni of
the whiskey traflic, was ad4..ted.
'[le Convention adjourned Sie die on )
the lIIth inst.
E. Y. IHinkle, of Baltimore, G eneralh
Superintendent of the Washiingtonm 'Tel
phloneC Company, and3( Williamii C, b
Stumps, MaLnagor of the lines ini
Winchester, Va., nearly lost their lives
on last T.1hursday naighit while crossinig
Opeqluan Creek comIling froml B3errvvi lie.
Hlinkle cut tIhe horse from the wamgoni
andl with Stumips, who has onily one
had clung to the animal andi were
brought safely to the bank. JIenry
MIaylgw, replairer of th1 lines, remuained
ini tih3.wagOn amiit was dtrolwnedl.
-A silver tobacco box which Jlohn
Alden carried in his pocket when, in the
courtship of Miles Standish, ho p)rer"nt
ed to Priscilla Mullins t& Capain 's
proposa2l of n..ernuge, is no0w the proper4'i
ty of Mrs. M. McPadden, of Allegheny
Ciny, Pam., a descendant of Jlohn Aldlen,
belonging to the ninth generation in the
regular descent. IIer little silver tobac
co box is a curiosity to visitor. 'It is
suf>posed to be nearly thrde hundred
'years old.
TIIQUJGIITS FOR TIIE MONT1I.
r SOME IiEAfONA1LFL SUGESTIONs F101
111H AI'1IOITY'V.
What Work tie (ood Farnners Should 1), in
the Month or Muy-.. Interesting Article
.* From an Intelligent WVriter.
(W L. Jones in the May "Cultivator.")
The earth is now warm enough for
grass and weeds to grow rapidly. They
cannot be permitted to share with the
crops the plant food in the soil; Oxtermi
nation of them is now the order of the
day. How to accomplish this economni
oally, rapidly and without injury to
young crops is one of the nicest problems
the fanner is called upon to solve. In
the recent progress of agriculture, the
old-time method of running around
young plauts with a narrow scooter, hav
ing a board nailed to foot an( beam on
one side to prevent throwing dirt on the
little plants, first gave way to the sweep.
The latter shaved the surface nicely, and
with its wing running (uite liat threw
very litile dirt. Moreover the siding
furrows swept out the nmiddles at the
same time, a great advance over two
siding furrows with scooters and sulse
(luent breaking of the middles with
shovels. But with the nicest work of
the sweep, there is still a narrow strip
along the line of planlts which is undlis
turbed, and 111)011 which grass canh firmly
fix itself. To destroy it., the hoe was
called into retquisition. This involved
heavy expense, unpleasant contact with
labor and great demand for ha10n(s to
chop out cotton. Next emme broadcast
cultivation with the harrow in the first
stages of the crop, with heel scrapes anhd
4 . cultivators later. This is as far as we
have advanced; indeed, most farmers
have not yet reached this point, tntd the
nethod is not yet, p)erhaps, fully per
fected. But from the very nature of
things we must adv:ance in this direction
--nachines, imllements, horse-o wer,
must sup1)dlant hand labor motre 1111(1
more. How to cheapen production is
the lroblem of the hour. Our fathers
pushed labor to the utmost inl clearing
forests and cultivating virgin soils. Since
the 'war the use of fertilizers has been
developed to great perfection; and t ow
surroupdings demanld the motist exteided
use of.Cachinery and horse-power. All
debartnents of industry are moving im
this di ection, and agriculturec anntt lig
behind, ; Cautiously, wisely, judieiously
it musto0 on.
Our readers will remembher the irtieles
published last year in the Cultivator on
broadcast cultivation with thme barrow.
The points which seem to be well set
tled wore that obstructions must be re
moved-trash in the shtape of Corn anid
cotton stalks (ut ip or knocked to p ieces
and buried by breaking land with large
turn 1)loughs; beds, if any, to be low
and leveled down wit.lm harrow immedi
ately after planting; if rain follows plant
ing quickly, harrow as sOn as dry
enough, never allowing a crust to form.
As soon as cotton begins fairly to come
up, run harrow obliquely across rows
never in the directioln of the rows-in
four or five days run olbliqluely across
again inl the ol)posite direction, so that
these two lharrowings may be at right
angles to each other. Im three or four
days harrow again across tihe last. These
harrowings must begin early and bue re
peated rapidly to thinm out thme cotton,
which they ctan do whlilst thme lanLits are
very young and tender---when still yel
low. When older and tougheor they will
be p)ushled aide oftenm without being dle
stroyed. The cotton now being consid
erably thiinnued, grass and( weeds thor
oughmly killed, andl( thme surface nicely
pulIverized1, tihe crop is in conditioni to
be easily cultivamted wi,th sweep or scrap)e.
lIt is saidi also thmat in time condlitioni left
by the harrowings a good hand can chmop
to a stanmd twom aeres of cotton ma day.
If t .e soil is supp)llied withm humus, and
the hand well 1prepalred, cultivation should
b)e very shallow fromm thme start. In hard
soil, disposed ton ritt togethmer after rain,
a deep) plowintg is peIrhapts admlIiibile
when thme cttton is very yo)unig, lbut not
otherwise. In two experimenits imatde
successively in 1884 and 1885 mi time Ala
haImam Experimeinit Staitioni, to( test effects
(of dleep anid shaldlow cumltiva.tionm, there
was a dlifferen ice respiectiv'ely of 85 and
109) poundmms of seed cottonm per. acme in
favor of shmallow cuiltivationi throughout.
'lI'e twoI plats were prepamretd, i mnured
and cultivated exacttly alike, t'eet t hat
whmen the cottonm on onme phltt was about
a foot high it was plowed deep with a
long secotem tand scr'ape, ats is freeptently
Aonei by farmers, and its roots conmsidlera
bly put. The scrape shoulid always he0
attapcd behind time foot of thme plowli,
nmot in front of it, and thme scooter uisedl
With i4 should be very shmort, juist long
09pongh to keep thme poinmt of thme low-i~
foot from strikimng time bot om omf time fur
row. Another i nterestinmg expeimenmt
made at time sinme staitioni illustrates a
point we have of ten urged, to-wit, time
importance of Pressing or niyminig seed
in time soil to muure plrompt gerImination.
Cotton was p)lanted in two adjacmment rows
on the samen (lay with two dliffmeent cot
ton planters, one covering thme see(d inm
the usual nmaummer, tme othmer thmrowinmg
the dirt into a ridlge over' the seed anmd
thmen p)assinug it (down1 on tho seed bly a
roller rigidly attached to the mainie-e
weather was dry. Where time roller
pressed time dirt uplon thme seed, a staind
*as secu'red in tenm days; thme othmer did
ho't come up unitil aifter a rain hamd fallen
Kn oetwenty-fouir dlays after being
Inventors have nmot ats yet givenm up thme
hopei or the p)ossib)ility of perfecting a
nmchime for chopping cotton. There is
pv()ry purobiability that one camn be made
w'huich will ''bunchm" ottonm satisfactorily.
.Autthe sanme endo might be rcehed buy a
uf4nter droppin'g thm eed n hill,. mTh
fl'ERNIEY ('.TTI .
.n Eenay iend Ifefure the IIn'rllwy'v Ireedc-r,s
Aiocia1i0n,.
Among the various breeds to which
popunlar attention has bee'n called in re
cent years, there is none deserving a
higher l)ace ini putlblir estimat.ion than
th o uernsey, wieiter for dairy pur
poses or the later garnered Profit as a
beef animal; and yet, perhaps, notwitht
st.anding sucht strong claims upon the
farmers and reedetrs' attent ion, no
breed is so little generdly known. Not
only are there very nanty who have
never seen a (unnsey, but there are a
vast number more who have never seen
the milk or butter, and a still greater
number who have never eaten (iernsey
beef. Those who have not, have yet to
see the(l deepest colored milk and ercamn,
the most golden colored butter, requir
ing no aid from coloring mnatter either
ill snummer or winter, and to taste the
most high tly-tlave red Inef in existence,
having a peculiar flavor of its own.
'This breed ay he snid to be tine lip
i ' nedium het ween the dininintive Jer
sey and the luge Friesinn, and eon -
p rising the mtterits of both breeds. It is
tihus )nr-excellence the farmer's breed,
espleeially for tihe butter-tnking farmer.
1)oeile to an extremne, hearing neglect of
care well, it yet repvs careful atteition
d1(1 good feeding with as much interest
as can ibe expected of any hovit race .
CO1Ott OF' 'I'lll B(it91:1).
iEvtn t~ the fistiliouts, whomt l nothing
butt it solidl eolor will please, its rcl
golen-nued skins wvill prove attractive
antd reconmnend its llcasaumtly comihned
iies of yellow or lemon-fawn and wh ite.
for in no other breed will there he found
such an exudation of 1nutyraceotis mate
rial filling the pxortes and the hair with
untctions matter, prnoducintg that soften
ing effect so dear to the hau( of the ex
I ert and to the Ireeder of butter, at.
least, ais ia general rule in this 1breed, it
heing the excepltion in other breeds.
While to the pn'act,ical nain, who knows
that color of the hair hais not. the slight
est influence upon the yield or constitit
tion, the charinirg, softening eflects of
the blending of the golden fawns and
white are sou'ces of pe(rletuaul delight.
As this is as ol a 1 breed as any other,
hnas been kei purely bred' as long, aud
wats imported into this eotntry as early
is the Jersey, theme must he a reason for
its b'iug colmiuninratively st little known
and extenided. The earliest settlers in
the sea-h otnrd districts were I)uteh,
Swedisht and English. They niaturally
brough t with thetm the cows from thei'
hno01m0s, and thins, with the int4'rmningling
of the ir eatte, there spntig up1t what is
now ten'ned 'Native Race. '' A4 it was
found desirable to inmpr'ove up on thse
with imr11e-1 brod stoci:, the Uevons, the
Shtorthorus, ihe .Jerseys aund the (;uer'n
seys were imptl)orted. 'Pine latter t)wo in
the first <quarter of this century. Tiny
at otnce attracted( gratt nttentioTn for their
richness of yield. Each br eed was inn
por't('d indiscrininately fron either
island under the generat niame of Alder
ney. As they b)ecam e tashionable in
Enghnd, it d as each island restr'ictetd
inportation, the true distinetion fitnally
culminated in the formution of ctus for
each 1brted The Jerseys, fr'o m tintir
great beautt , is :ell as merit, in c taken
tihe leatd. Th.1eni paise hias bteten int.rald
edt in tevery' nnininenr, anti 1being moren~
finntly 1backed uip b y r''teords oIf greant in
ftnrmnance, tint b,reedt hasi a ptrmnnient
hnohtl in tihis (couintr'y, ann as mieiit is
guitding selc(tion no(w, its t'lainms to vunne
will inlcrteas. Tihus, also, it is with thle
Guner'nsey. Th'ie eartliest imp ortaMtin
made by Colt, Bidtlet, Kinng andt tterns,
havee 1btenn miaintainned 1by inuian thentrs.
lBut ftor nuny year's paust t hose who weren
dlevelopiing tint GIuer'nseys ini this ctnn
tryv, wvere too bunsy eninarging thir'in hntrdns,
andh havinig tnt'e to spnare, diid bunt lit tie
to cll attentinn ttn them. Butn asx a
kno wledige of theminmenits sprteadt, ealni
(ers hanve stead(ily beetn i nea'nsiing thinr n
inn poritatitonns, and nbreeers hanve' goneut
nver aind mnandt stelectio)ns, unjtil nonw thnere
is 1bt(gining to ib' a xtipply ftnr tint rapnid
iy iincrea?nsinlg demand.
As tine islandi iins a hnistory' tnf tover
two) tinonusaind yearns, ins it'e attl I mve
strn gly' ninrked pentcuiliar'(~ inharacterist ics,
minitaninned by na rigid text'iisinotn fromnn tint
islndt of' any tothe btiireed, it stetis not
wornthi onur while to ennten' into tine ti
ptutend ques'tion nf tine orIigin of tinis
brnneed of cattle, buit to ctonte'nt tournselves'
with their t'xcelltence ins wt' iintl thenm nat
thnis tday. We mnay, in pnassiing, state tour
btelie'f thnat they arnt tnf Normantnn originn,
thouingh thler'e is stomnet tet''timnyni whnieb
mnighmt leatd ins tto supof ise they miight
havn e or'iginnally been brounghit tnre 1hv
tine Djants, tor nat ltnast thant soimt uiniint's
wenre impjor'td by~ tint Dnets aind nmixted
with those5( ftundt oji the islnd. As
Nrnnnal ni o' riiit tanny are' tine iinrest
coa5st lands tof Frniet withi wiih tinerne i
contant oinnlientitnn, andt nix thei
pre'semnt Nortmann1ei bretds, tine (Connte'nitiint
andt tine likte, arne veriy simnilar, nabnnost
equalnnly nnotedl for' th'inr r'iebn dairy qunali
ties, atnd yiteldi nig lint superjtior n' tinttenr,
thait. k(nowu as ctnomiing fnromn Isigny) anwnl
IBayen t annd brniinginig tine highest pricte in
tine in'mrkt I1 say ti" w'. 4ie shnoul
have~ great~ v.el gf n mnascribihng thle mnain
or'igin of tine (iitnsty breed't to Nor
manidy. Be thant ias it nmaiy, tine nmost
unprejudiced mi inds, aftenr b ecom ning iae
qutainited wvith nall tine mnerits of (Guen'
sey, mvust admnlit thait thney have no su
peritors in tIimn pn'ndr iiraits.
TRitSt or THEu BRnED,
Th'iese' may lbe sumimed tup in few
wortds. The Guernsey gives a hirgt'r
qiiuntity of milk thnan any' of tine brneedts
which gis e ricn mnilk; she muainains fin'
quantity lor' a longer time', more 'omn
tinulously; it is the deepest, tine richiest
in color of all milks; it is unnsurpaissed in
yield of hnute fati, inn ti,amn, liv ,tj,.rti
having made a pound of butter, even
with the few tests that have been made;
the butter is the highest and deepest
tone of all self-colored butters; the but
ter will go farther; it. has a peculiar rich
flavor and aroma; the beef is remarkably
juicy and well interlaid with fat of the
deepest color, tender, an1d of the highest
flavor, a(1 the carcasS dresses vell and
l)rotitatbly. Considering that there are
but 1,000 head of cattle on the island,
and that there must. he mon' or less close
interbreeding, the Guernsey cow is a
very sure and regular b reeder, and re
llroduces herself and her fixed types
with exactitude; her docility and gentle
ness, most. important. traits in +a dairy
breed, are remarkable, and the males are
of anh aniale and gentle disposition,
eldoml becoming eross or desiring to
1'oil t1.
lit size, avoiding the diiniuutiveness
on the one ln1d and the gross size on1
the other, the (Ghernsey is of the size
easiest mnaintained for g ood returns; and
when killed for heef, cuts to p rofit; as
oxen, while not qui("k-step)ping, they are
llatient and assiduous.
'he (olor is lleculii, mainly running
in shades of orange and lem0on fawn,
('ither in solid ma1ltssb or prettily 1broken
with 11155es of white. Fornierly blaek
anid brindle we re more commoni than at
the 1preset t Ime. r'1'Te skin is usually of
so rich a golden ('4)l 'r 115 t.( 1be unrivaled
anutd extaordillar,V. its nnt.ioitsiess
mnellows the skit n11(1 softens the hair
an(d exides in a yellow buihtyrneeous se
cret ion. ''he golden r1i1 lti'miiid the
eyes, the ('ollections in the ears, and the
dlandrull' at. the end of the tail, all pro
chbtim the wonderful rieliess of the ani
iorTl:N:('Y O '1'1u 1uEE).
'Tlie long continued similhtr course of
breeding which the (Guternsey has under
gone gives it that power which we term
p )teley; the aility to llrodulce like, to
repeat it~elf, whe thur upon imembers of
its own breed or upon those of other
hreeds. It is this qpiality which renders
the (iuernsey bulls so vahtlle to stamp
tIh 'ir get withl thie peenliar richness of
the breed; thlis is so lasting that it takes
generations to bree1d it out. We know
of an iistance where a 11111 Wais intro
duced tw 'utyv yeairs ago, and the 1 nutter,
as mtrketed fr on his descendants, shows
the riclh color ui 1 the .o(od f1h1 t ) this
(lay.
T1he euntinuity of h,er yield is one of
the most. va'htalble traits of' tlie cow, for
by this pertinacity up to her calving
('Vel(, the moderate milker ini this length
of time catches up and yiel s in quantity
itore thlai tte cow ihat m1ilks well for
three or four months, ttr that. goes dry
for two or three monlhs, gradually fail
ing upl to the time of stopping. This is
eslecially valuable to the owner of b1 t
one cow, 11 whire lie owns two cOws
and insists 1113311> their taking a inatutul
and needied lest ot six weeks or two
imonths, lie '22n arraunge it st its alwtyIS
to have his m ilk andi( butter. 1Like li
har' and tortoise, it is the Steadiv milker
that heats in the long run.
(:N 1iLA 1. 'uIt1oY: M :ulrs.
'lle ( inerliseys arte hardy a11d tough,
and therefore fitted for any section of
this cohntry, and we know of no b1'eed
so fitted for tihe rapidly increasing dairies
(tf thie West, the fai' West and the
N%orthIwest. On)m thteir' own~ island they
21r3 e'xpo4 sed n21or3 o1r less every day in tIhe
year1i, iln the daiy timit ini the lit sims:mlId
at night to the ii-avy dews andit to the
attlinospherae lieuavy with cold and0 damp
ness5, pro0voca2t ive of' rhlen inatisnli in tli3
mlan 2wanlt a1 (cow (f goodl size thiev enni
tun for' leef, $1lli wihiile' alive wif| paiy
weLll inl ilk i b111 utter'. TJhiis 543112 to
hbe at sine (qu2 21(on w,ithi farni'i-r's o3'fit'
Ea~ist 11s weltl as ofi the- West. If' these
cittle 4on a small11 islandi~ are e'xpoe t o3t 4
the leac21hinig suilid ito such wit il-ing
lasts tllit I haiet seen w1holte he-dges,
trees iad shrnh13 1bhickeneld by'1 th11(123
1by ai deva~istait ing Iira, (enni staiih sneih
chanlmges, they, 2are well fitted to the lirdt
life 01n manily of 3312r 1iifelteed farms.
14i.hI Iie'r nIe'trm er.
Rbe l rt Wr iigh t wais slit and killItt at
Ih brthin-r. AXfter' hill arrival slit' wtt
to Wr ighit's phlce oftIl buisis and aih sked
thiemt taking (efilet, one1 ini hi4 la s4l iitl
thel. otfher' in his chrtst, and1 lie dropped4't
deadt. 'The( womanil ehaiims$ itt'b the'
mother of ai five-wees-ohl illeg4itinite
child, of wIhieb'h Wr'ighit was thle fa1ther'.
buit lwaViys failed to keep his word. SIll
nu1ale up1 herI inid to kill himii if lie ain~i
re'fuised to keelp his p)romiiseb. A fto'r' the
wher'e thle formern gave her'1self upi to thlit
4oflieris, Ibuit re'fused tto give her'1 nanwil.
14n3- l.(i1 1fei) l 1 23 ' g 3 l( 'lfT ii
5 rin '.u I in Leni\l gt but0 I Ii).
hias lil greait wear12 and11 ftar in oflie', ter
'eptf to face(5 the 1,(3HH) 11nen, 'elh (of
prop3o se's to diire't (.I ''l.a.> 24 movemen'ts.
-A ,2m21213'r of giirls ini New, 'York, whot
oners'i'tand il stenot grapthiy tandt Spaniish,
lalt ge'tt ing good4 sahIiriets fromt mferl',.ints
and14 otherls Ilt haing t'(. iLth Mexic lo.
TIhis imie s& t hat trade1l with that
coun1itr'y is grotwing, anid that it is (quite
wor'th flhe while of women wl'm' work to
diversify the2ir' stod( of informuation.
Sptanlish is a language very easily learned,
t.hree months b einig ample time to. atcquiire
eniouigh of it for the purploses of corre
Hondence,
17ENERAL ROBRT E. LEK.
li,e Acept(I'anIoe of the' (ominaud of the Conred
erate Army or Virginln.
(From the Chicago Tribune.)
"1)id I ever tell you," said ox-Senator
Pomeroy, of Kansas, to me the other
day, that 1 was present when tilt) com
mand of the Confederate army was offer
ed to Genoral Lee?"
"No."
"Well, I was; I. stood within six feet
of him. Nobody in the party know me
as I had just arrived in Washington from
Kansas, and vasaliost an entire stranger
here. Kansas was admitted, you re
member, during the last days of Buchan
an's administration, and Lane and I
were eleeted to the Senate. We came to
Washington with a lot of Kansas fellows
to see what the secessionists were doing,
and were on the ears when we heard that
Fort Sumter had beent fired upon.
''But. i am going to tell you about
Lee. T was keeping a (iary then, as I
have ever since, and do now. Only the
other day 1 was reading it over, and it
recalled to me that about the 16th or
17th of April, 1861, a committee of
twelve men came up from the secession
convention, then meeting at Richmond,i
and stopped at the hotel where I was. I
used to circulate a'ound among them,
trying to find out what they wero up to,
and discovered that. they had come to
see General, who was over at Arlington.
Oie afternoon about 4 o'clock they start
ed ofi in carriages, and a friend of mino
and T got in a buggy and followed theim.
W e joined the procession before it got to
Arlington, and acted just as if we were
a part of their crowd. When we reached
the old mansionl General Lee, who was
evidently not expecting any callers, came
(Cmt. in his dressing-gown and slippers,
and I tell you he was as nob le 3a looking
a man as ever I saw. lie had been sent
for by ( leneral Seott, and caine from
California, you remenber, to use his infiu
enec to prevent Virginia from going out
of the Union, and while he had not
made any publie declaration, people gen
erally understood that. he was opposed
to secession, so we watched what was
going on with a great deal of interest.
"''The elairman presented the deie
gates to the General one by one, and
wlien they had ben introduced he he
gan at sp eech wiihi 1 wrote down as
nearly as 1 could remember it in ily
diary that iight. It was very nearly in
these words: 'General ILee, we are au
thorized by the convention tow in ses
sions at Riehniond to convey to you an
expression of the cointldence and esteem,
as one of the most esteemed citizens of
Virginia, 11d to tender you the coni
mand of the troopts that have been raised
to protect. the 1)hl1 State from the peril
whliebi now conifronIs her". We are cln
conraged by the belief that you, as a
son of Virginia, wvill respond to her cull
and tdirect the ilhitairy forces so as lo
pievent the imilita rv iivasiun of her
sacred soil. We know that lirge 1boedies
of troops are 1being orgalized in the
north for coerciol of our people, and
they will be resisted by every patriotic
citizen of the Conimonwclth. Th con
vention at Itiehmond is awaiting anxions
ly for our return with your answer, is
your necephlie will give strongth and
enco urageimenit, to the peo'ple.'
"'1.o this Lee respoidedtl briefly and
dlirectly'. lHe stood5 ai miomient with a
dleterinjied expriessionl upon(1 his face, a1s
if the inid wa1s fully~ i made up, lot lie
was not (PitaSin in,w ti prless~ himself.
My fr'iemi uind I. lrini wllhat wIe laid
uondl 1411 thw coninluittee to go~ homIIe andlt
aalhidn '1 Ili s(esshiion1 prgrammlle. I h
<.tarited 'int all right in his rely. en
ilemien,' said iw, 'Iluln oluissed to1 war,
I aml tsp(cilly ~ OSpse to civil wvar, to
strii fe iwtwIeen brilwr ie'. I regret. that
one section of this P'ounltryv is arrayeud
againsst the oither.'
"ipi to that,''Conitiinued ?llr. PomelIIrovy
aI thiouight lhe was ging tI udeclinie, but
his next w<miid searjed me: 'I heard th
voicte of Virginia,' lie said, 'of the mlothi
ir that bo. re me, who>se soil is as saicried
as thle ashes of my faithier lamried ther'.'
' ll's gonile,' I sidto my) fri ienid, 'lIe's
madiie upl his iinid,' andl his niext wordls
w ere: 'I cannollit resist thle call oif the
So vere*ignl State to wh ill I owe miy fir st
al leginne('e;11 but' eIember~, gentlet1(1en, 1
shaill drawi~ myl swvoid ilnll. her ense, andt
withu the prayer that we, ini defending
ouri right s. miay nott heC compielled to shed
th Ilo10d1 oif our~ brethreni.'
"le theni said that lhe would go to
Ili ihin.ind at on1ce andit rep)ort inl personl
toI the' g'3vermnenlt.
"T'he niext moring everybody knew
that1 [l hadt& gonle to) Richmnond, and1(
A rttiieIa, ic c t a Preh4a5uwri,~ Product.
D r. Van Maden' of IRomec, hats pub
lishied so initeresting account of the evi
dencles discovyered by him of prehistoric
heniistriy in Italy. In the museum of
orinelo 'T'nlruinius, a city on the Medi.
I em ianl coast, he found twoi Specimens
if anienit dentistry, whiich the Mayor' of
t lmt city certltilies weore found upc th
Ilrst. op(ini lg oif thle Wiod Etruscan
toiib s, and1( PVI4Vor IIcilbig gives as
sua;',te that these were' virgini tomb s,
daitinlg basck four or' live cenituri.t b efiore
the Chiristiani era. Iu Al((e of the spici
nonms the two uniperior' central inIcis,'m(
are X..uno by a band( of very so4 gold to
teeth on! eith.er side- the a.rti1leinl tceth
are well carved , dnently i'roml the toth
of son1' large aimUTal. (Onei Other uartfi- I
eiail tooth wa~s bel lhv the same hiaid,
but it is lost1. Dr). Va'ni Marter hasiln his<
ownl posw1.-.s411in a skuill in which the lirst (
nlpper )iolair tin thel right side is muissinIg,
and whlichi shows plain marks oif anle
alveolar abiM'tsces, pmin~Vlg coniclusiwl 31
toothache among the Etruscans,.1
THE RIOHMOkD CONERBlCE.
Matters of interest to the Methodist Chnrek
'si.Itdered and Decided.
In the Methodist Episcopal General
Conference last week the Manual of
Disciplino by Bishop McTyeire again
came up uler a motion that the Col
lege of Bishops be requested to publish
their decisions. After considerable dis
cussion the matter went over without
action. It was manifest that the greater
part of the delegates are unwilling that
the Manual shall serve as a final arbiter.
A large nunber of amendments havm
been offered, looking to i 'change of
)iseipline, but so far little disposition is
manifested to make changes. Dr. Ed
wards, of Virginia, introduced a resolu
tion p roposing a change in the order of
divine servicc on the Sabbath day. An
animated debate followed. Drs. MoFer
rn, Kellev, Young and others spoke
earnestly agni nst t lie resolutions, which
Was finally re(j 'eted.
The connuittee on episcopacy reported
in relation to episcopal resi(lenccs that
in their Opinlion there should be a Bishop
from each of the great sections of the
country.
The Rev. I)r. John \1iley, fraternal
messenger froml the Nortliern Methodist
Church, was introduced to tie Confor
ence. (lovernor Foraker, the other
fraternal messenger from the Northern
Church, (lid not come.
A large congregation attended Cen
tenary Church to hear adresses by the
fraternal delegates---the Rev. Mr. Briggs,
of the Methodist Church of Canada, and
the Ilev. )r. Miley, of the Methodist
Episcopal Ciurcl. The addresses were
all admirable, and were most attentively
heard.
The report of the colnmittee on foreign
missions, to which was referred the reso
lution in reference to the appointment
of a superilt.enden,t of foreign missions,
recollmlend.led non -concurrence. Adopt
ed.
The conmunittce on church extension
reconmmellded that the request for the
establisInnent of a wollan's department
of church extension, for the purpose of
securing parsonages for the church, be
granted.
Mr. Peterson, of Virginia, from the
Commllllittee on Bibles, submitted a half
dozeln reportl in relation to changes in
)iseipline. Il ) also submlitted the re
port of his comlittee in regard to the
muemorial of the Missouri Conference
asking that the word "South" be elimni
lated from the iname of the Methodist
Episcopal Church, South, and report
UPOn the res 5uhttion prov"iding that
chlirch meiber signing petitions for
the sale of iltoxicating liquor may bo
dealt with as the case mlay require. To
this resolution the collittee recommend
non-eolietrrene.
'lsIe Hesslon of 'luirsday was consum
ed ml dhiscussing diterent features of the
Mitnual of )iscipline. It was resolved
to elect fou' new bish)ops on the 18tli
instantlt.
A .%% . 3e I cou lini i,. It j'il',iee at tie hand,,
UIf n .lob.
Tlhieodure Baker, a New Mexico man
who was recently hanged by a mob, but
was r.sCced and cut down before life
was1 extinct, gives this~ account of his ex
periee to a new~1slil per* correspondent:
'A little furtheri on1 we camne to a~
telegraphi pole. F"rom the crossbar
nvung ai new rope. 0OnO nied was a
big slip noose'. They led 111 under the
ropIe. f tried to stotop dowvn and pull
iny boots off, as [ hiad promised myfok
I would1( not die with may boots folkbu
before I couhll (d4 it the noose was
thirowni over miy head and T was jerked
off may teet. My senisus left me a mno
ment, anid then I. waked up1 in what
seeinedl to) be' anothier wor'ld. As I recol
leet niow, the senisatloll wais that every
thing almulit 11- himd mulltip)lied a great
lanmyl tiunis. It. seemlied that my fivo
ex4entioners hadl grown,i in itnmber until
thet re wereI tIhouiMitsands/f them. I saw
what seeniedl to I>e a inultitude of anime
of all shapi~es and siivos. Thien things
hianged anld I wats ill great pain. I be
amlie consiSou thalt I was hanging by
lhe nook, and that the knot of the rope
ad slipped around under my chin. My
iands were loosely tied, and I jerked
henm loose and1( tried to catch the rope
thove mec. Somleb)ody caught mo by the
'cet just the'n and gave nme a jerk. It
seemeOd lieairgh l of lightning
pasen front olimy eyes. It was fol
owed by ia terrible pain up and down
mdit across miy back, atid I could feel my
egs jerk and draw upj. Then there was
't blank, and I knew nothing more until
11 o'clock next (liy.
"My first recollectioni was being in the
court room, and1( saying: 'Who cut me
down?' There was ai terrible ringing in
my ears, like the beating oif gongs.I
recognized no one. Thle pain in mny
back continued. Moments of uncon
sciouIsness follo wed dhurinIg several days,
and1( 1 have very little rec(ollectionl of the
jOurney here. EvAen lifter I had( been
locked up itn this pr'isoni for safe keeping
for a long timea 1 sa1w dloule. J)r. Sym
inigton, thle piwnoi phlysicianl, looked1 like
two perisonis. was still tronbledi with
spll of total forgetfulnecss. Somretimesl
it semed I didn't know whoa I was."
-- Spns vessel laden with molas.
siomei days aigo, and1( all hut one of the
'rew escap)ed, thanilks to the assistance of
hIe residlents- of that nedighiborhood.
Vhen the wreck bioke upl and casks
f miolisses 1beganl toi come ash'itore, the
apItaini and the crew t&ood by with
xes and broke thiem til as fast as they
ame14 withm11 reachi, refusing even the
mp~ty (eas.ks to then' . who41 sVio r4 ecently
Oelped to save theiri lives.