University of South Carolina Libraries
DEYOTED) To POLITIC89AORAMITp 19RUCATION AND TO THE UENEAL INTEREST OF THIE CUTY C, THURSDAY, MARCH 2, 1882.V 4'~4 ~ I hveV j i q --bel t apital of 410(k to introduee thi at olutnbns, Ga. * rkins of Tennese a WMragen'ts for experimen tJR he efiot of commercial fer, he crops ih every county. in lio'go capitalists are negoti. th4 "purchase 18,000 acres of Requachee county, Tenn., as an Ont. It is well timbered and W Ze marble quarry near Calhoun, has been leised, and 100 steam lidwill be opert"d there; A railroad be built and other preparations for extensive quarrying. The Atlanta Constitution discovers in e fact that the Eagle and Phmnix ,Mf1lt of Oolombus, Ga., last year earned Per en . on their capital stock, one theo most overwheining political tri U*phs for the louth. The Georgia railroad has compromised 1 1enry Hill, whom the passenger ?. 'conductor put off near Madison last sllummer for not wearing his coat in the leA ' car. Ttbe road paid $5,000 for this treatise on etiquette. Sturgeon fishing in the waters around eorgetown, S. C., has become # large Id profitable industry. About 100 men inploygd in the businems, and large uuntitieRt of sturgeon, meat are shipped to hfrArleston in kegs every week. short time since a bar-room was eund .hid in a pen of cotton seed near Athens, Ga. It seems the proprietor kept a barrel secreted in this pen, with rubber tube leading therefrom, and when a customer wanted his jug filled it was easily drawn. It was reported to a rev. enue c)flcer and broken up. SAtlanta Constitutien: Columbus is about to turn her attention to building a canal. According to all accounts it won't be a difficult job. With canals rn Augusta, Columbus, Macon and At *lanta, Georgia will have sufficient im proved water power to run all the cotton 'miii in the- United States. But, really, we don't want all. We will be satisfied with just half. Oolumbus (Ga.) *Times: There were Q. four bales of cotton brought to market -yesterday from the plantation of 0.1. F. Terry', who lives near Waverly Hall, Harris county, that was grown and gathered in the year 1860, oaled with ~ opes, and have been reposing in his gin house ever since. He was offered 471 ents for it in 1865, but would not sell because he thought the revenue tax of 8 centa pers pound was unjust, and lie said he had rather burn the cotton than sub mit to such injustice by the government. Hehad at the close of the war upward of 100 bales of cotton, and still has a few miore lef t. S\ Mrs. Barbauld's Childhood. One can fancy the little assiduous ~ irl, industrious, impulsive, interested everything-in all life and all nature --drinking in, on every side, learning, eagerly wondering, histening to all around wiith bri'ght and ready wit. ~'~There is a pretty little story told by Mrs. Ellisi in her book about Mrs. Biar .bauld, how one day, when Dr. Aiken an d a friend "were conversing on the passions," the doctor observes that joy nwnot hiave place in a state of perfect relicity, since it supposes an accession of - happmness. " I think you are mistaken, *.papa," says a little voice from the op kposite side of the table. "Why so, my Sohild?' says the doctor. "Because in the chapter I read to you this morning, in the Testament, it is said that ' there Is more joy in heaven over onc sinner !that repeneth than over ninety and nine nast persons that need no repentance.'" liesides her English Testament and her ~ay reading, the little girl was taught rby her mo~ther to do as little daughters did in those days--to obey a somewhat austere rule, to trop curtsies in the right acto make beds, to preserve fruits. The father, after demur, but surely not without some paternal p ride in her pro tic iency, taught the ciljd Latin and French and Italian, and something of Greek. and gave her an acquaintance wiJth English literature. One can imagine Jittle Nancy, with her fair head bending G$over her lessons, or, whena playing-time had com perhaps a little lonely and listening '1o the distant voices of the schoolboys at their games. The mother, p.fearing sh mih acquire rough and ~ oisterous malmers, strictly forbade any communication with the schoolb~ys. Sometimes in after days, speaking of tbthjesa& J Les early tie a of., the constrain of many by gone rules and regulations, Mrs. Barbauld used to attribute to this w arig, formal training something of the hesitation and shyness which troubled her- and never entirely wore off. Shie S does not s&eem to have been in anly great ;harmony with her mother. One could imagine a fanciful,. and. high-spirited ohild, timid and dutiful, and yet strong wfied, secretly rebelling against the rid order of her home, and feeling onely's fotiwant of liberty.and compan&fion hip. It was true she had birds and ~ ests aw plants for her phiyfellows, she Wpof a gregarious and sociable allse~4 grhaps she was unconsci I~%s~yo~j~g or something mote, and 8n i~ n~e earlr ife which no oan wupp y.-he n.~ .T21PICS OF TU DAY, Tnvaxw is said to be building his fenoe for 1884. PATr-Oinonnat Musi Hall-.4wO nights-$16,000. FoR militaf reasons England will op pose the Channel tunnel. Tim Pope recommends that the pro. -posed Spanish pilgrimage be abandoned. Gum. SnzRIDAN favors the compulsory retirement of all offlcers sixty-two yearn of ag. __ CoroiN returns indi r 1881 the loss of 800,000 bales of the caterpillar. Thu English exports to America for 1881 were 20 per eent. less than those of previous years. SINou Sullivan pounded Ryan he is said to have had three offers of marriage. He's a great masher. Tuu appointment of policewomen on the New York force is now asked for by the woman suffragists. Mns. GABFxnD will not reply to Mrs. Sooville's letter, appealing in behalf of the assassin of the President. i TiU address to the throne in the House of Comm~ron has been adopted, thus sustaining the government's Irish policy. THovAs NAsT, the well-known carica turist, has a plethora of money, so we are informed, and purposes retiring to private life. Tiu Fire Commissioners of Boston have ordered fire-escapes to be supplied by all manufacturers employing live or shore hands. TUR Prussian Budget is made to a sur plus of $9,000,000. This is chiefly due to the working of the railroads bought by the State. POTATOEs are being imported from Europe, and New York dealers are some what disgusted. Suoh invasions inter fere with "corners." CUDA, just now, is undergoing a severe drouth, to the great injury of the sugar cane. We might spare her any quantity of water and not suffer either. BZann BoYn, the Confederate corres respondent, spy, and blockade runner, lives now in Corsicana, Texas, and fre quently delivers a lecture or two. TuE insurance on Barnum's baby ele pant is $300,000. The insurance on the average Congressman is $5,000. Differ ence in favor* of the babe, $295,000. GREAT distress exists aihong the peo ple of Sweden, the mildness of the weather preventing the transportation of produce by means of sleighs, as usual. GENERAn CARR, against whom Gen eral Wilcox preferred charges of a se. rious character, has been released from custody, the President refusing to en tertain the charges. FRAmoE seems not Inclined to recon. vene the Monetary Conference April 1, owing to a desire to avoid another fail ure in her effort. to secure a uniformity of views on the part of the Powers. THE Government Printing Office, in spite of the scarcity of money and the agitation about the change of manage ment, is at work at a tremendous rate -turning out books, pamphlets, and other printed stuff by the ton. SENATOR Hnn, of Georgia, 'who" has submitted to a third operation for can cer In the mouth, report. that his con dition Is now most favorable, and ex presses great confidence that a perma nent cure has been effected. IT ArPEARs that, after all, the portrait the temperance ladies had painted of Mrs. Hayes to hang up in the White House, will not be used for that purpose, President Arthur feeling inclined to de as he pleases about the matter. THE State of Pennsylvania has begn suit aginst seventeen railroads because of their failure to return to the Auditor their annual report within thirty days after the expiration of the financial year. The penalty for each road is $5,000. Mn. Soovrmns proposes to lecture in various localities on the subject " Mod ern Politics." In these lectures he will refer incidentally to the Guiteau trial. However, it is generally believed the public have had enough of the Guiteau trial. It seems that Egypt Is advancing somewhat in civilization. The present Rhedive spends but *500,000 a year, whereas his predecessor spent $10,000, 000. IHe has but one wife, and grants cdimesslis toal1 wEqgfous denomina Vt~*s. auk both got ?estivaL at Oafatm estimates of the Department of tr ofro of1881, as oom w1 those Of I shown a redue tion of 81 per oent. in oorn, 22 per cent. in whekt, 21 per cent. in rye, and 9 per cent. in barley. The total value of crops in 1881 in $1,465,000,000, against $1,861, 000 in 1880, Tan late Lord Beaconfield paid ?4, 000,000 for England's 177,000 shares in the Suez Canal. Owing to the recent wild speculative mania in France, the price of the shares was forced up to ?140, and if Her Majesty's Government had cleaied out at that figure, it would have realized ?24,780,000, or a profit of ?20,. 780,000. TE Memphis Apped2 says a new day has dawned for the South, and that in its light prejudices are vanishing, and with them the hatreds and the narrow ideas of the past, and that intelligence, reason and common sense are ready to make available the resources which science and experience have brought within reach. ABOur two-thirds of the counties in Indiana have been authorized to take observations of the weather, and as soon as the instruments and suppliis are for warded by the General Government the service will be inaugurated. Indiana will be the first State to make these observations by counties, although other States are moving in the matter. ALL persons, including officers of the law, are opposed to the brutality of prize fighting, and the newspapers of the land have a great deal to say against it, but all newspapers take the pains to publish detailed accounts of such affairs, and with hardly a single exception, readers are not satisfied until they know just how -each round came out, and who was finally whipped. PRoF. HENRY S. VENNOR has published a card in the Cincinnati Commercial declaring that he is a succests as a weather prophet. However, instead of predict ing weather a year in advance, he will hereafter print a monthly paper at Mon treal which shall contain predictions, weather maps, etc., for the ensuing month. Thus you see when a man gets so he can't tell the truth, he turns to editing a newspaper. A BRUTE, by name John Wilson, of Taunton, Mass., has been in the habit ol tying a heavy rope around the neck of his grown-up daughter and dragging her around after him. For this lie was fined ten dollars, and the girl paid it with her own money. She is one of the Chris tialis who returns good for evil, although when it comes right down to carrying out the doctrine, it don't seem to be just the thing according to the common way of thinking. ILLUSTRATIVE of the destitute condition of people in Southern Illinois, a cor respondent writing from Saline Cou~ity says : "In this county nothing was raised, not even grass. There are farm ers who are as near stavation as they well can come without actually starving. They are living on anything they can con vert into food to keep soul and body to gether. Their situation might be im agined, but one would have to see it to fully understand it.". AT LAFAYETTE, Indiana, ali old soldier named John Baker was married to Mrs. Anna Smith, who had been nursing him for some time past, and to wb:>mni he owed considerable of a boardl bill. Baker knew his death was but a few days dis tant, and lie wished to reward his kind benefactress by leaving her the pension which he had for several years been re 'eeiving from the government. He died the day following the ceremony, and the widow, it is said, has, besides the monthly pension, a claim for $2,000 back pension. O1HARLEY WRuIrr, the colored boot black, who saved two men at the recent New York fire by climbing a telegraph pole and cutting a wire rope, has re ceived a medal from the American Hu mane Society which makes him a col onel in the life-saving brigade. Another gold medal will be shortly given to him. He has received in money $89 and the Humane Society will present him with a purse. He has saved eight persons inl the surf at Cape May, for three sum mners past. His father is an Africani, his mother a Sioux Indian. R~Ev. TALMrAGE's charge that the father of Robt. 3. Ingersoll, in life, fed and clothed his family sparingly and "never spoke a kind word to his wife,'' has re ceived the attention of Mr. John F. In gersoll, of Waukesha County, Wiscon sin, who has printed a most scathing re ply. He says that his father was a min inter on $500 a year, and had to live sparingly, that he was kind to his fam ily, and as to Robert, while he did not believe the doctrines the father taught, was " as good and obedient boy as he ever knew." Mr. Iigersoll endeavors to shame the Rev. Talmage for going to the grave as a ghoul, to tear up the ashes of- the white-haired dead. ISsc~orit ,j iC incinnati O~pera Fetvltidejeswere gloiously stuck.--. i t the lgat $,l0 nlohr with a vew to scouring a "oornier " a the expenue of the masses-extorting money from those who can least affri it-it is but justice that they should lose and that heavily. One Hebrew citizen who had bought reserved seats heavi at a big advano, stood about the door late at night, offering his tickets at 81 cents apiece, and not one of them ha( cost him under $7, and some of them ai high as 624. People, rather than pat roize him, shoved him aside and pai 81 for general admission, went in ag stood up, so outraged were their feelingl over the affair. We never like to see persons losing money, but sometimes i is a good thing for the general publi for would-be oppressors to suffer se verely the fruits of indiscretion. A to=omm incident ocaurred at th Midlothian mines in Virginia, the othe: night. Superintendent Dodds mounte a coal car, and addressing the wailini throng of women and children arouns him, said: " My poor friends, it grieve me to state to you that for the presen our search for the bodies of those yoi knogjnd loved will have to be aban donj j You know what fire in a coa mii , -eans,' and it may take mouths o wat :g to subdue It. We will clos the pi'now." The speaker's voice quiv ered'.*ith emotion. When hd finished i beautiful little girl of fourteen years Aunie Crowder, the only daughter of on< of the victims, uttered a piercing screan and rushed tothemouth of the pit, crying "Oh, do not leave my dead papa to burr lown there. Let me get into the eag< and go down after him. Let me SaV him." The strong arms of tic viiners held her back as the fragile thing triei to make her way to the cage, and more than one blackened face was madr blacker as the hand went up to wipi away the teari. Men sobbed aloud aud turned away to conceal their emotion The little girl, finding her progrew barred, swooned at the mouth of the pit, Relief in Witcheraft. Ludicrous as the powers appear to t at the present day with which witcheraf in former times was credited, such pow ers seem never to have been denied o disputed by the great minds of the past A witch was all that w-as abomninal) and to be held in the strongest loathing yet few had the wisdom or the courag Io contradict the possibility of her exei cising the arts she pretended to. Th, Judge, as he passed sentence on th condemned woman, trembled lest her fel gaze should bring upon him and li household sorrow or death. The'vellin< crowd, as it half stripped her to undergt the water-ordeal, shuddered as it sav upon)f her explosed bosom the mark which, it was supposed, proved that sh< allowed her ''familiar" to draw upon he life's blood. The villagers who won miles out of their waiy to avoid he. haunts, never for one moment believe( that the object of their fear was power less to work themi ev'il, and was either a half-mad woman, the victim of a hideon' delusion, or else the actress of a knavial part to serve her owvn vile ends. To ali the old1 crone, with her tall hat, crutch stick, and black "nt nestling on he: shoulders, was oneo who had dealing: with the devyil, andl who, through ti mnght of Satanic aid, could scatter thi seeds of misery broadcast wherever sh< listed. She had sold herself to hell and, until death claimed her, her powel to effect evil, it was alleged, wvas unlim ited. The great man is ho who rise: superior to the prejudicos of his age; hu before the end of the seventeenti centmry-with the exception of Bodin Erastus, Reginald Scot, Joh n Wagstaffe and D)r. WVebster--there were none whi had the boldness or knowledge to bramu wifchcraft as a base and palpable super stition. We find Lord Bacon gravel, prescrib~ing '"henbane, hemlock, mani dIrake, mloonishade, tobacco, opium, am( other sop~oriferous meiins nn the bes ingredients for a wItch's ointment. Fron the pages of his "History of the World, we see that the gifted and practical Si Walter Raleigh was a firm believer i1 this childish form of superstition. Thi learned Selden, in his "Table Tlalk whilt ofeasantly discoursing on the sui jet f itchesi, shows that he also hel the same faith. Sir Th'lomas Bfrownmt the kindliest of physicians; Sir Matthie' Hale, the most acute and spotless c ~Judges; Hobbies, the skeptic; "the enm ment Dr. More, of Cambridge," and th patient and thoughtful Boyle, all wer of opinion that witchcraft was ant eva capab~le of solid proof, and that its dii ciples merited sharp and quick punisha mnent.. It was niot until the dawn of thi eighteenth century that men came t tihe conclusion' that the devicesc "witchies and witch -mongers" were oni so muany tricks and fables, and utterl unworthy of credence. The last judicir execution inl England took pla1ce in th~ year I1710, when a womain and her littl daulghter were hanged at H~untingdo: 'for selling their souls to Satan." SinlC thatt date, howvever, various cases hav oWcurred of womeni, accused as witche(s be~ing drowned while undergoinlg thm ordeal by water ait the hiands of thueir it: timnidated, yet infuriated ncihos Fruser's AItrauZine. A YOUNO member of the bar thlougi he would adopt a motto for himself, am after much reflection, wrote in large le ters, and posted up against the wall, thi following, '" uiwm C7ulque," which ma beC tansated. " Let every one hlave h: own." A country client, coming in, e> prewedl luim.elf much gratified with th maxim, but added, "' Ybu don't apelli right." "' Indeed I Then howv ouighlt to be spelt ?" The visitor replied, "Su 'em quick." Tuamwiswanincorrig ible little (lark do~wn in WahntnIa. He is 9 year; old, and is known as a'horse-thief, i well us being willing to steal* anmythin etlse. Hi{s mother bas tried to reform him bV whip ghim for the first hma thtie 'hadhnighlinwu0 Iu a ba Skngrhimt1o hrhal but tht Isai!oWh THE BLACK DEATH. Cause o1 the Annual outbreak of Ihe It is genergly supposed, says the Chicago fpbune, that the inundation of the low lands of the Euphrates river is the only cause of the outbreak of the i plague, or black death. They are a con. I tributing, but not the only cause. The real cause of the pestilence has been known for years to the Persian and Turkish Governments, but they have cdone nothing toward its prevention. The black death is not an uncommon disease in that part of Mesopotamia lying sout i west from Bagdad, betweeii the right shore of the Euphrates and the Syrian desert. It has made its regular appear ance there over since the vear 187-2, be tween the months of December and June. In Nedjeff, or Medsched Ali, is the grave of Ali, the son-in-law of the Prophet Mahomet. From there leads a desert road, marked out by the bleached bones of camels and bumain beings, to the so-called Lake Euphrates, whi'i re ceives its water through the Hlintioh canal. To the northwest of this lake is situated the city of Kerbela, where is to be found the golden mosque and the grave of Hussein, the son of Ciliph Ali and the daughter of the Prophet. Thesi' two cities are the real breeding-placees of the dreadful disease. To Nedjef and 11( Kerbela the Shiites, or religious follow era of Ali and lhussei'J, clielly Persian, seud the dead bodies of their'fi ie ndsi and relatives, because they believe tht t) be buried near Hussein's or Ali's grave will assure their souls certiin adhnis: on to paradise. Caravii after caravan, each camel loaded with twvo felt-coveretI collins on each side, arrive there ditily and deposit their ghastly frighIt for i terment, Mhichli, during months f( tr.tvel from the Persian lighlands, has beein domposing aind is filling the air witlh itsi pestilentl odor. The cofins are placed in shallow trenches and eover(1 with about an nch or two of earth. BUt, this is not all. The whole country around Nedjeff has.1 lco'me one va.-t graveyard, and, in consequence of the frequenet floods ccu-rring ini the EnM phrates, all the lands on both sidcs of the river are immdated, the light cover mg of earth is swept from the cofliis which, being made of light materii:l, fall to pieces, iaid thiousaids upjionl Ihousanids of corpses are left rotting imder the, rays of an Oriental sun. Phe witers itnally recede, or are graditudly absorbed by the soil, poisoming all the wells in that couii try. From 12,000 to 16,000 corpses are sent there annually for illtermn1lt by the Shiites. The Jews send annially sov eral thousands of their dild to be Iktined near the grave of their prophet Ezaiel -which is also near Kerbhla. Beside theseo caravans there arrive flotillas of pilgrim boats loaded with corpses on the Eu phrates by way ot the SemaIwat branch and the Bar-i-Nedjefi. Not only are they filled with this pestiferons fr'eight but the collins are evel hung outside of the boats, loading them down to the wa ter's edge. The constant arrival of these caravans and ilotillas~ with their Sfreight ot decaying hiunan corpses, and addto this thet (Ldcalesmbrial, umst be regarded as the Cause of the out brealk of the plague, anud the fat listic negli gence oif the Persiani and ' urkishj (jov e rnments, wich do not interfere until the diwhaie hams lbecomne epidemic, ex.. plains why it has not bieen suppressed during the la-;t ten years. -For a long time a special treaty haus been in exist enee betweena these two Governments relative to theO tranusportationu of these corpses, but so far it hasm been a treatyv on paper only. Thie peop~le of Amens are in as much dlanger as5 the rest of thle g~orld. It is abou~lt time that the civil ized nations of the earth shiouldl make thim utltion1 of the transpiortation of corp~ses unider an Oriental amti nui inter national question, and force the two Governments directly inlterestedl to exe cute the provisions of their treaty in goodI faith. I"Don't You Believe Him. , The Arabs tell a story to showv how a . mean man's ph ilosophy overshoots itself. i Under the reign of the first Calip there L Was a merchant in Bagdad equally rich and avaricious. One day he had bar gained with a porter to carry home for e him a basket of porceluin vases for ten i parnaa a As they went along he said to the man: " My friend, you are young and I am old ; you can still earn plenty ; strike a para from your hire." " Willingly I" replied the porter. This request was repeated againi and Sagain, until, when they reach the house, .. the porter had only a single para to re e ceive. As they went up stairs the mer e chant said i S"If you will resign the last par-a, I .will give you three pieces of advice." - "Be it so," said the porter. "Well, then," said the merchant, "' if 1) any one tells you it is better to be0 fast o inig than feasting, do not believe him. If ,f any one tells you it is better to be poor y, than rich, do not believe him. If any one tells you it is better to walk thau ,1 ride, (do not believe him." aMy dear sir,'' replied the astonished a porter, "I knew these things before; a but if you will listen to me, I will iv a you such advice as you never heard." 3 The merchant turned round, and the ,porter, throwing the basket down the e staircase, said to- him: - " If any on'e tells you that one of your vases is unbroken, do not believe h'im." IrBefore the merchant could reply the porter made his escape, thus pumishing t his employer for his miserly greediness. Inidla's Black Holes of Jails. 's The amuounit of sickness and mhortalit~ -in some of the jails of India is state., e Iwith goodl reason, in the official reports t to be very deplorable. This is particu t harly applicable to the Punjab. In the e year 1879) more than one-third of the average strength of the unfortunate ini mates of the Rawal Pindi Jail are stated y to have died, being at the rate of nearly a 360} per 1,000. At Umballah the death a1 rate was nearly as high, though in this Sjail there ,was no ease of cholera. In ii the jail at Belgium, in the Bombay fPresidency, - nearly half the averagfe strength was swept off li 1878. In 1879I% B the rate had diminuished, though lil Preahd efarful rop pe 100.-)ado WHAT IS MANI A spark or Ware, a rep of Wate-SemM Iutoemg observateus About the Mau msat Aatnom, LNew York News. While the , gastrio juice has a mild, bland, sweetish taste, it possesses the power of dissolving the hardest food that can be swallowed. It has no influ once whatever on the soft and delicate fibers of the living stomach, nor upon the living hand, but at the moment of death it begins to eat them away with the power of the strongest acids. There is dust on sea, on land, in the valley, and on the mountain; there is dust always and everywhere; the atmuos phere is full of it ; it penetrates the noisome dungeon, and visits the deepest, darkest cave3 of the earth; no palace door can shut it out, no drawer so secret as to escape its presence; every breath of wind dashes it upon the open eye, yet that eye is not blinded, because under the eyelid there is incessn~tly empting itself a fountain of blandest fluid in nature, which spreads itself over the surface of the eye at every winking, and washes every atom of dust away. But this liquid is mild and so well adapted to the eye itself has some acridity, which, under some circum stances, becomes so decided as to be scalding to the skin, and would rot away the eyelids, were it no* that along the edges of them are little oil manufac tories, which spread over their surface a coating as impervious to the liquid necessary for keeping the eyelids washed clean as the best varnish is impervious to water. The breath which leaves the lungs has been so perfectly divested of its life giving properties, that to rebreathe it unmixed with other air the moment it escapes from the mouth, would cause immediate death by suffocation ; while if it hover about us, more or less de structive influence over health and life would be occasioned. But it is made of a nature so much lighter than the com mon air, that the instant that it escapes the lips and nostrils it ascends to the higher regions above the breathing point, there to be rectified, renovated, and sent back again, replete with purity and life. How rapidly it ascends is fully exhibited on frosty mornings But, foul and deadly as the expired air is, nature, wisely economical in all her works and ways, turns it to good account in its outward passage through the or gains of, the voice, making of it the whispers of love, the soft words of affec tion, the sweetest strains of ravishing. miusio, the persuasive eloquence of the finished orator. If a well-made man be extended on the ground, his arms at right angles with the body, a circle making the navel its center will just take in his head, the fingers ends, and the feet. The distance from top to toe is precisely the same as that between the tips of the fingers whenk the arms are extended. The length of the body is just six times that of the foot, wvhile the distance fromi the edge of the hair on the forehead to the edge of the chin is one-tenth the length of the whole stature. Of the sixty-two p~rimary elements known in nature, only eighteen are known to the human body, and of these seven are metallhc. Iron is found in the blood, phosphorus in the brain, limiestone in' the bile, lime in the bones, and dust and ashes in all. Not only these eighitaen human ele mnents, but the whole sixty-two of which the universe is mado, haive their essen tial basis in the four substances of oxy genl, hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon representing the more familiat- names of fire, wvater, saltpeter, andi charcoal. And such is mani, the lord of the earth! -a spark of fire, a drop of water, a grain of powder, an atom of charcoal. Car'lyle a Mathemnaticht:e, Among Carlyle's Edinburgh connec tions ini those Kirkcaldy days, one comes to us in a book form. It was in 1817 that Professor Leslie, not yet Sir John Leslie, broughkt out the third edi tion of his " Elements of Geometry and Plane T'rigonolnetry," being, an improve ment and enlargement of the two pr'e vious editions of 1809 and 1811. The geometrical portion of thke volume con sists of six books, intended to supersede the traditional first six books of Euclid, and containing many propositions not to be founud there. The seventeenth prop osition of the sixth book is the problem: " To divide a straight line, whether internally or externally, so that the rectangle under its segments shall be equivalent to a given rectangle." The solution, with diagt'ams, occup .es a page, and there is an additional page (If "(scholiumif," poinlting out in what cir 1cum~fstanes the problem is impossible, and calling attention to thke value of thke proposition in the 'construction of quadratic equations. So much for the text of the proposition at pages 17t--177, but whenk we turn to the " Notes and Illustrations'' appended to the volume we find at page 840 this note by Leslie. ''The solution of thIsimpoltan~t problem now inserted ilk the text was suggested to me by Thomas Carlyle, an -ingenious yroung inathemuatician, formerly my pupil. But I here subjoin likewise the original construction given of Pappus, Iwhich, though rather more complex, has yet some pecOuliar advantages." Leslie then proces to give the solution of Pappus in about two pages,-and to add about three pages of further remarks on the application of the problem to the construction of quadratics. The mention of Carlyhe by Leslie in this volume of 1817 i, I believe, the first mention of Carlyle by name i print and it was no small compliment to prefer for text pur poses~ young Carlyle's solution of an im pwritant problem to the old one that had come dewn from the famous Greek geometrician. Evidently Carlyle's mathe nmatical reputation was still kept up ab~out the Edinburgh University, and ILeslie was anxious to do his l'avorite pupil a good turn.--Macmnillan'. A Fixture. " You seem to have become a fixture here," said the young man, as he dropped ini to the old tailor's to hags some re pairing doneu "Weill, perhaps 5os" Was the repl1y, "for I have UzEed 7oI 0 pants for y'ou *vo a r 4 .1 .ao *een ALSU Taan seed. belong to theg~s en or more o alement. VnwerVMo is ma mphuret of meout, 0o Ps innahar. !orM we have trese~ hs country. IT IS estimated that a blood contans 1,000,000 mUbic millimeter. IT Is said that the format - md clouds arises from the p lust in the atmosphere. . A NUw celluloid is said to be rrom well Peeled potatoes, treated with iolution of sulphuric acid. THE raw materials of which dy2apmaite a made are sulphuric acid SliSt flycerine, and inusorialearti. GOAPr sugar possess the prope ermeuting or breaking up linto aloo ind carbonic acid, on the addition of reast. Ir uIts been suggested that noidous insects may be driven away by cultivat. ug the fungi that are destructive to 4hem. Tun raising of pyrethrum, from which insect powder is made, is carie& on in California and various other parts of the LIountry. PaoM the peats of Brittany have been obtained, by means of reagents, benzine, resinous matters, acetio acid, and other substances. A MAN can live on seven meals a week but his supply of gaseous nourishmeni has to be renewed at least 14,000 times in twenty-four hours. IN DETERMINING the illuminatlng power of gas it should not be cnnduoted through a rubber tube, since this dimin Ishes the illuminating power. THE vaccination of sheep aainst splenic fever, according to Pasteur's new method, is very successful, and is being practised with great vigor in France. EXPLORATIONS in Spain and North Africa by Kobelt, of Frankfort, ap au Lhority on living and fossil shell-fish, have convinced him that the two conti uents were formerly connected not only at Gibraltar, but as far east as Oran and Oarthagena. A NuwxY described mineral, white and friablo with a bitter astringent taste and readily soluble in cold water, has been named Ilesite after a gentleman of Lead ville. It was discovered in Park County, Colorado, and contains manganese, iron, zinc, and sulphur. A MEMOtn of much interest and im.. portance upon the use of anasthetics has been communicated to the Paris 4cademuy of Science by Mons. Paul ert. By experiment with different arnmathetic agents upon animals he has been able to ascertamn in the case of each substance what is the quantity just suf ficient to cause insensibility and how much suffices to p~roduce death. He finds the fatal dose of chlorform, ether, amylene, bromide of ethyl and chloride of ethyl to be always exactly double the anasthetic dose. The range between these, extremes Mons. Bert terms the working zone and he says that a mixture about the midle of this working zone, properly administered, will produce a safe state of insensibility, which may be maintained long enough for any surgical op~eration. Trailing. One of the most remarkable features of uncivilized life is the power savages show of tracking men and beasts over immense distances. Many travelers have spoken of this as some ing almost miraculous, yet it is only the result of careful observation of certain well-known signs ; and we have here before us a col lection of very-common-sense hints on the subject. In countries like ours every trace or foot-print or wheel-track on roads or paths is soon obliterated or hopelessly confused ; but it is otherwise in the wilderness, where neither man nor beast can conceal his track. In Caifreland, when cattle are stolen, if their foot prints are traced to a village, the head man is responsible for them, unless lhe can show the same traek gon out. A wagon track in a new countr s practically indelible. " More especially," say the authors of "Shifts and Expedi ents of Camp Life," " is this the case if a fire sweeps over the plain immediately after, or if a wagon p asses during or after a prairie fire. We have known a fellow traveler in this manner recognize the tracks his wagon had made seven years before, the lines of charred stump crushed short down remaining to indi cate the passage of the wheels, though all other impressions had been obliter ated by the rank annual growthful twelve foot high. Sometimes, the crig1 nal soil being disturbed, a new vegeta tion will spring up along the wagon track, and thus mark out the road for miles. Even on hard rock a man's bare foot .-. will leave the dust caked together by perspiration, so that a practiced eye will see It j and even if there is no track, a stono will be disturbed here-and there, the side of the pebble which has long lain next to the ground being turned up. If it is still damp, the man or beast that turned it has passed very recently. If a shower of rain has fallen), the track will tell whether it was made before, during or after the shower ; similar indications can be obtained from the dew ; and other Indientions of the time that has elape since a man passed by is furnish eby the state of the crushed grass, which will be more or less withered as the time is longer or shorter. Other indloetions are drawn from the direction in which the grass lies ; this tells how t'he wind was blowing at the time the grass was crushed ; and by noting previous of the wind, one learns' the time at which each tart of the track was made. 4 IN THU reports on American and foreign patents relating to chemistry, published inthe Proceedings of the American Chemical Society we find the following inventions mentioned: A method ol. making articles from waste amber by treating she pieces with solvents and sub jectinig them to pressure; a process "df obtaining the perfumes of naturail oir era by absorption, the flowers being steeped In vaseline which takes up the - essentIal oils and Is thus transformed