The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, March 02, 1882, Image 1
DEYOTED) To POLITIC89AORAMITp 19RUCATION AND TO THE UENEAL INTEREST OF THIE CUTY
C, THURSDAY, MARCH 2, 1882.V
4'~4
~ I
hveV j i q --bel
t apital of 410(k
to introduee thi
at olutnbns, Ga.
* rkins of Tennese
a WMragen'ts for experimen
tJR he efiot of commercial fer,
he crops ih every county. in
lio'go capitalists are negoti.
th4 "purchase 18,000 acres of
Requachee county, Tenn., as an
Ont. It is well timbered and
W Ze marble quarry near Calhoun,
has been leised, and 100 steam
lidwill be opert"d there; A railroad
be built and other preparations
for extensive quarrying.
The Atlanta Constitution discovers in
e fact that the Eagle and Phmnix
,Mf1lt of Oolombus, Ga., last year earned
Per en . on their capital stock, one
theo most overwheining political tri
U*phs for the louth.
The Georgia railroad has compromised
1 1enry Hill, whom the passenger
?. 'conductor put off near Madison last
sllummer for not wearing his coat in the
leA ' car. Ttbe road paid $5,000 for
this treatise on etiquette.
Sturgeon fishing in the waters around
eorgetown, S. C., has become # large
Id profitable industry. About 100 men
inploygd in the businems, and large
uuntitieRt of sturgeon, meat are shipped
to hfrArleston in kegs every week.
short time since a bar-room was
eund .hid in a pen of cotton seed near
Athens, Ga. It seems the proprietor
kept a barrel secreted in this pen, with
rubber tube leading therefrom, and when
a customer wanted his jug filled it was
easily drawn. It was reported to a rev.
enue c)flcer and broken up.
SAtlanta Constitutien: Columbus is
about to turn her attention to building
a canal. According to all accounts it
won't be a difficult job. With canals
rn Augusta, Columbus, Macon and At
*lanta, Georgia will have sufficient im
proved water power to run all the cotton
'miii in the- United States. But, really,
we don't want all. We will be satisfied
with just half.
Oolumbus (Ga.) *Times: There were
Q. four bales of cotton brought to market
-yesterday from the plantation of 0.1. F.
Terry', who lives near Waverly Hall,
Harris county, that was grown and
gathered in the year 1860, oaled with
~ opes, and have been reposing in his gin
house ever since. He was offered 471
ents for it in 1865, but would not sell
because he thought the revenue tax of 8
centa pers pound was unjust, and lie said
he had rather burn the cotton than sub
mit to such injustice by the government.
Hehad at the close of the war upward
of 100 bales of cotton, and still has a
few miore lef t.
S\ Mrs. Barbauld's Childhood.
One can fancy the little assiduous
~ irl, industrious, impulsive, interested
everything-in all life and all nature
--drinking in, on every side, learning,
eagerly wondering, histening to all
around wiith bri'ght and ready wit.
~'~There is a pretty little story told by
Mrs. Ellisi in her book about Mrs. Biar
.bauld, how one day, when Dr. Aiken
an d a friend "were conversing on the
passions," the doctor observes that joy
nwnot hiave place in a state of perfect
relicity, since it supposes an accession of
- happmness. " I think you are mistaken,
*.papa," says a little voice from the op
kposite side of the table. "Why so, my
Sohild?' says the doctor. "Because in
the chapter I read to you this morning,
in the Testament, it is said that ' there
Is more joy in heaven over onc sinner
!that repeneth than over ninety and nine
nast persons that need no repentance.'"
liesides her English Testament and her
~ay reading, the little girl was taught
rby her mo~ther to do as little daughters
did in those days--to obey a somewhat
austere rule, to trop curtsies in the right
acto make beds, to preserve fruits.
The father, after demur, but surely not
without some paternal p ride in her pro
tic iency, taught the ciljd Latin and
French and Italian, and something of
Greek. and gave her an acquaintance
wiJth English literature. One can imagine
Jittle Nancy, with her fair head bending
G$over her lessons, or, whena playing-time
had com perhaps a little lonely and
listening '1o the distant voices of the
schoolboys at their games. The mother,
p.fearing sh mih acquire rough and
~ oisterous malmers, strictly forbade any
communication with the schoolb~ys.
Sometimes in after days, speaking of
tbthjesa& J Les early tie a of., the constrain
of many by gone rules and regulations,
Mrs. Barbauld used to attribute to this
w arig, formal training something of the
hesitation and shyness which troubled
her- and never entirely wore off. Shie
S does not s&eem to have been in anly great
;harmony with her mother. One could
imagine a fanciful,. and. high-spirited
ohild, timid and dutiful, and yet strong
wfied, secretly rebelling against the
rid order of her home, and feeling
onely's fotiwant of liberty.and compan&fion
hip. It was true she had birds and
~ ests aw plants for her phiyfellows,
she Wpof a gregarious and sociable
allse~4 grhaps she was unconsci
I~%s~yo~j~g or something mote, and
8n i~ n~e earlr ife which no
oan wupp y.-he n.~
.T21PICS OF TU DAY,
Tnvaxw is said to be building his
fenoe for 1884.
PATr-Oinonnat Musi Hall-.4wO
nights-$16,000.
FoR militaf reasons England will op
pose the Channel tunnel.
Tim Pope recommends that the pro.
-posed Spanish pilgrimage be abandoned.
Gum. SnzRIDAN favors the compulsory
retirement of all offlcers sixty-two yearn
of ag. __
CoroiN returns indi r 1881 the
loss of 800,000 bales of the
caterpillar.
Thu English exports to America for
1881 were 20 per eent. less than those of
previous years.
SINou Sullivan pounded Ryan he is
said to have had three offers of marriage.
He's a great masher.
Tuu appointment of policewomen on
the New York force is now asked for by
the woman suffragists.
Mns. GABFxnD will not reply to Mrs.
Sooville's letter, appealing in behalf of
the assassin of the President.
i
TiU address to the throne in the
House of Comm~ron has been adopted,
thus sustaining the government's Irish
policy.
THovAs NAsT, the well-known carica
turist, has a plethora of money, so we
are informed, and purposes retiring to
private life.
Tiu Fire Commissioners of Boston
have ordered fire-escapes to be supplied
by all manufacturers employing live or
shore hands.
TUR Prussian Budget is made to a sur
plus of $9,000,000. This is chiefly due
to the working of the railroads bought
by the State.
POTATOEs are being imported from
Europe, and New York dealers are some
what disgusted. Suoh invasions inter
fere with "corners."
CUDA, just now, is undergoing a severe
drouth, to the great injury of the sugar
cane. We might spare her any quantity
of water and not suffer either.
BZann BoYn, the Confederate corres
respondent, spy, and blockade runner,
lives now in Corsicana, Texas, and fre
quently delivers a lecture or two.
TuE insurance on Barnum's baby ele
pant is $300,000. The insurance on the
average Congressman is $5,000. Differ
ence in favor* of the babe, $295,000.
GREAT distress exists aihong the peo
ple of Sweden, the mildness of the
weather preventing the transportation of
produce by means of sleighs, as usual.
GENERAn CARR, against whom Gen
eral Wilcox preferred charges of a se.
rious character, has been released from
custody, the President refusing to en
tertain the charges.
FRAmoE seems not Inclined to recon.
vene the Monetary Conference April 1,
owing to a desire to avoid another fail
ure in her effort. to secure a uniformity
of views on the part of the Powers.
THE Government Printing Office, in
spite of the scarcity of money and the
agitation about the change of manage
ment, is at work at a tremendous rate
-turning out books, pamphlets, and other
printed stuff by the ton.
SENATOR Hnn, of Georgia, 'who" has
submitted to a third operation for can
cer In the mouth, report. that his con
dition Is now most favorable, and ex
presses great confidence that a perma
nent cure has been effected.
IT ArPEARs that, after all, the portrait
the temperance ladies had painted of
Mrs. Hayes to hang up in the White
House, will not be used for that purpose,
President Arthur feeling inclined to de
as he pleases about the matter.
THE State of Pennsylvania has begn
suit aginst seventeen railroads because
of their failure to return to the Auditor
their annual report within thirty days
after the expiration of the financial year.
The penalty for each road is $5,000.
Mn. Soovrmns proposes to lecture in
various localities on the subject " Mod
ern Politics." In these lectures he will
refer incidentally to the Guiteau trial.
However, it is generally believed the
public have had enough of the Guiteau
trial.
It seems that Egypt Is advancing
somewhat in civilization. The present
Rhedive spends but *500,000 a year,
whereas his predecessor spent $10,000,
000. IHe has but one wife, and grants
cdimesslis toal1 wEqgfous denomina
Vt~*s. auk both got
?estivaL at
Oafatm estimates of the Department
of tr ofro of1881, as oom
w1 those Of I shown a redue
tion of 81 per oent. in oorn, 22 per cent.
in whekt, 21 per cent. in rye, and 9 per
cent. in barley. The total value of crops
in 1881 in $1,465,000,000, against $1,861,
000 in 1880,
Tan late Lord Beaconfield paid ?4,
000,000 for England's 177,000 shares in
the Suez Canal. Owing to the recent
wild speculative mania in France, the
price of the shares was forced up to ?140,
and if Her Majesty's Government had
cleaied out at that figure, it would have
realized ?24,780,000, or a profit of ?20,.
780,000.
TE Memphis Apped2 says a new day
has dawned for the South, and that in
its light prejudices are vanishing, and
with them the hatreds and the narrow
ideas of the past, and that intelligence,
reason and common sense are ready to
make available the resources which
science and experience have brought
within reach.
ABOur two-thirds of the counties in
Indiana have been authorized to take
observations of the weather, and as soon
as the instruments and suppliis are for
warded by the General Government the
service will be inaugurated. Indiana
will be the first State to make these
observations by counties, although other
States are moving in the matter.
ALL persons, including officers of the
law, are opposed to the brutality of prize
fighting, and the newspapers of the land
have a great deal to say against it, but
all newspapers take the pains to publish
detailed accounts of such affairs, and
with hardly a single exception, readers
are not satisfied until they know just
how -each round came out, and who was
finally whipped.
PRoF. HENRY S. VENNOR has published
a card in the Cincinnati Commercial
declaring that he is a succests as a weather
prophet. However, instead of predict
ing weather a year in advance, he will
hereafter print a monthly paper at Mon
treal which shall contain predictions,
weather maps, etc., for the ensuing
month. Thus you see when a man
gets so he can't tell the truth, he turns
to editing a newspaper.
A BRUTE, by name John Wilson, of
Taunton, Mass., has been in the habit ol
tying a heavy rope around the neck of
his grown-up daughter and dragging her
around after him. For this lie was fined
ten dollars, and the girl paid it with her
own money. She is one of the Chris
tialis who returns good for evil, although
when it comes right down to carrying
out the doctrine, it don't seem to be just
the thing according to the common way
of thinking.
ILLUSTRATIVE of the destitute condition
of people in Southern Illinois, a cor
respondent writing from Saline Cou~ity
says : "In this county nothing was
raised, not even grass. There are farm
ers who are as near stavation as they
well can come without actually starving.
They are living on anything they can con
vert into food to keep soul and body to
gether. Their situation might be im
agined, but one would have to see it to
fully understand it.".
AT LAFAYETTE, Indiana, ali old soldier
named John Baker was married to Mrs.
Anna Smith, who had been nursing him
for some time past, and to wb:>mni he
owed considerable of a boardl bill. Baker
knew his death was but a few days dis
tant, and lie wished to reward his kind
benefactress by leaving her the pension
which he had for several years been re
'eeiving from the government. He died
the day following the ceremony, and the
widow, it is said, has, besides the
monthly pension, a claim for $2,000
back pension.
O1HARLEY WRuIrr, the colored boot
black, who saved two men at the recent
New York fire by climbing a telegraph
pole and cutting a wire rope, has re
ceived a medal from the American Hu
mane Society which makes him a col
onel in the life-saving brigade. Another
gold medal will be shortly given to him.
He has received in money $89 and the
Humane Society will present him with a
purse. He has saved eight persons inl
the surf at Cape May, for three sum
mners past. His father is an Africani, his
mother a Sioux Indian.
R~Ev. TALMrAGE's charge that the father
of Robt. 3. Ingersoll, in life, fed and
clothed his family sparingly and "never
spoke a kind word to his wife,'' has re
ceived the attention of Mr. John F. In
gersoll, of Waukesha County, Wiscon
sin, who has printed a most scathing re
ply. He says that his father was a min
inter on $500 a year, and had to live
sparingly, that he was kind to his fam
ily, and as to Robert, while he did not
believe the doctrines the father taught,
was " as good and obedient boy as he
ever knew." Mr. Iigersoll endeavors
to shame the Rev. Talmage for going to
the grave as a ghoul, to tear up the
ashes of- the white-haired dead.
ISsc~orit ,j iC incinnati O~pera
Fetvltidejeswere gloiously stuck.--.
i t the lgat $,l0 nlohr
with a vew to scouring a "oornier " a
the expenue of the masses-extorting
money from those who can least affri
it-it is but justice that they should lose
and that heavily. One Hebrew citizen
who had bought reserved seats heavi
at a big advano, stood about the door
late at night, offering his tickets at 81
cents apiece, and not one of them ha(
cost him under $7, and some of them ai
high as 624. People, rather than pat
roize him, shoved him aside and pai
81 for general admission, went in ag
stood up, so outraged were their feelingl
over the affair. We never like to see
persons losing money, but sometimes i
is a good thing for the general publi
for would-be oppressors to suffer se
verely the fruits of indiscretion.
A to=omm incident ocaurred at th
Midlothian mines in Virginia, the othe:
night. Superintendent Dodds mounte
a coal car, and addressing the wailini
throng of women and children arouns
him, said: " My poor friends, it grieve
me to state to you that for the presen
our search for the bodies of those yoi
knogjnd loved will have to be aban
donj j You know what fire in a coa
mii , -eans,' and it may take mouths o
wat :g to subdue It. We will clos
the pi'now." The speaker's voice quiv
ered'.*ith emotion. When hd finished i
beautiful little girl of fourteen years
Aunie Crowder, the only daughter of on<
of the victims, uttered a piercing screan
and rushed tothemouth of the pit, crying
"Oh, do not leave my dead papa to burr
lown there. Let me get into the eag<
and go down after him. Let me SaV
him." The strong arms of tic viiners
held her back as the fragile thing triei
to make her way to the cage, and more
than one blackened face was madr
blacker as the hand went up to wipi
away the teari. Men sobbed aloud aud
turned away to conceal their emotion
The little girl, finding her progrew
barred, swooned at the mouth of the pit,
Relief in Witcheraft.
Ludicrous as the powers appear to t
at the present day with which witcheraf
in former times was credited, such pow
ers seem never to have been denied o
disputed by the great minds of the past
A witch was all that w-as abomninal)
and to be held in the strongest loathing
yet few had the wisdom or the courag
Io contradict the possibility of her exei
cising the arts she pretended to. Th,
Judge, as he passed sentence on th
condemned woman, trembled lest her fel
gaze should bring upon him and li
household sorrow or death. The'vellin<
crowd, as it half stripped her to undergt
the water-ordeal, shuddered as it sav
upon)f her explosed bosom the mark
which, it was supposed, proved that sh<
allowed her ''familiar" to draw upon he
life's blood. The villagers who won
miles out of their waiy to avoid he.
haunts, never for one moment believe(
that the object of their fear was power
less to work themi ev'il, and was either a
half-mad woman, the victim of a hideon'
delusion, or else the actress of a knavial
part to serve her owvn vile ends. To ali
the old1 crone, with her tall hat, crutch
stick, and black "nt nestling on he:
shoulders, was oneo who had dealing:
with the devyil, andl who, through ti
mnght of Satanic aid, could scatter thi
seeds of misery broadcast wherever sh<
listed. She had sold herself to hell
and, until death claimed her, her powel
to effect evil, it was alleged, wvas unlim
ited. The great man is ho who rise:
superior to the prejudicos of his age; hu
before the end of the seventeenti
centmry-with the exception of Bodin
Erastus, Reginald Scot, Joh n Wagstaffe
and D)r. WVebster--there were none whi
had the boldness or knowledge to bramu
wifchcraft as a base and palpable super
stition. We find Lord Bacon gravel,
prescrib~ing '"henbane, hemlock, mani
dIrake, mloonishade, tobacco, opium, am(
other sop~oriferous meiins nn the bes
ingredients for a wItch's ointment. Fron
the pages of his "History of the World,
we see that the gifted and practical Si
Walter Raleigh was a firm believer i1
this childish form of superstition. Thi
learned Selden, in his "Table Tlalk
whilt ofeasantly discoursing on the sui
jet f itchesi, shows that he also hel
the same faith. Sir Th'lomas Bfrownmt
the kindliest of physicians; Sir Matthie'
Hale, the most acute and spotless c
~Judges; Hobbies, the skeptic; "the enm
ment Dr. More, of Cambridge," and th
patient and thoughtful Boyle, all wer
of opinion that witchcraft was ant eva
capab~le of solid proof, and that its dii
ciples merited sharp and quick punisha
mnent..
It was niot until the dawn of thi
eighteenth century that men came t
tihe conclusion' that the devicesc
"witchies and witch -mongers" were oni
so muany tricks and fables, and utterl
unworthy of credence. The last judicir
execution inl England took pla1ce in th~
year I1710, when a womain and her littl
daulghter were hanged at H~untingdo:
'for selling their souls to Satan." SinlC
thatt date, howvever, various cases hav
oWcurred of womeni, accused as witche(s
be~ing drowned while undergoinlg thm
ordeal by water ait the hiands of thueir it:
timnidated, yet infuriated ncihos
Fruser's AItrauZine.
A YOUNO member of the bar thlougi
he would adopt a motto for himself, am
after much reflection, wrote in large le
ters, and posted up against the wall, thi
following, '" uiwm C7ulque," which ma
beC tansated. " Let every one hlave h:
own." A country client, coming in, e>
prewedl luim.elf much gratified with th
maxim, but added, "' Ybu don't apelli
right." "' Indeed I Then howv ouighlt
to be spelt ?" The visitor replied, "Su
'em quick."
Tuamwiswanincorrig ible little (lark
do~wn in WahntnIa. He is 9 year;
old, and is known as a'horse-thief, i
well us being willing to steal* anmythin
etlse. Hi{s mother bas tried to reform
him bV whip ghim for the first hma
thtie 'hadhnighlinwu0 Iu a ba
Skngrhimt1o hrhal but tht
Isai!oWh
THE BLACK DEATH.
Cause o1 the Annual outbreak of Ihe
It is genergly supposed, says the
Chicago fpbune, that the inundation of
the low lands of the Euphrates river is
the only cause of the outbreak of the
i plague, or black death. They are a con.
I tributing, but not the only cause. The
real cause of the pestilence has been
known for years to the Persian and
Turkish Governments, but they have
cdone nothing toward its prevention. The
black death is not an uncommon disease
in that part of Mesopotamia lying sout i
west from Bagdad, betweeii the right
shore of the Euphrates and the Syrian
desert. It has made its regular appear
ance there over since the vear 187-2, be
tween the months of December and
June. In Nedjeff, or Medsched Ali, is
the grave of Ali, the son-in-law of the
Prophet Mahomet. From there leads a
desert road, marked out by the bleached
bones of camels and bumain beings, to
the so-called Lake Euphrates, whi'i re
ceives its water through the Hlintioh
canal. To the northwest of this lake is
situated the city of Kerbela, where is to
be found the golden mosque and the
grave of Hussein, the son of Ciliph Ali
and the daughter of the Prophet. Thesi'
two cities are the real breeding-placees of
the dreadful disease. To Nedjef and 11(
Kerbela the Shiites, or religious follow
era of Ali and lhussei'J, clielly Persian,
seud the dead bodies of their'fi ie ndsi and
relatives, because they believe tht t)
be buried near Hussein's or Ali's grave
will assure their souls certiin adhnis: on
to paradise. Caravii after caravan,
each camel loaded with twvo felt-coveretI
collins on each side, arrive there ditily
and deposit their ghastly frighIt for i
terment, Mhichli, during months f( tr.tvel
from the Persian lighlands, has beein
domposing aind is filling the air witlh
itsi pestilentl odor. The cofins are
placed in shallow trenches and eover(1
with about an nch or two of earth. BUt,
this is not all. The whole country
around Nedjeff has.1 lco'me one va.-t
graveyard, and, in consequence of
the frequenet floods ccu-rring ini the EnM
phrates, all the lands on both sidcs of
the river are immdated, the light cover
mg of earth is swept from the cofliis
which, being made of light materii:l, fall
to pieces, iaid thiousaids upjionl Ihousanids
of corpses are left rotting imder the, rays
of an Oriental sun. Phe witers itnally
recede, or are graditudly absorbed by the
soil, poisoming all the wells in that couii
try. From 12,000 to 16,000 corpses are
sent there annually for illtermn1lt by the
Shiites. The Jews send annially sov
eral thousands of their dild to be Iktined
near the grave of their prophet Ezaiel
-which is also near Kerbhla. Beside theseo
caravans there arrive flotillas of pilgrim
boats loaded with corpses on the Eu
phrates by way ot the SemaIwat branch
and the Bar-i-Nedjefi. Not only are
they filled with this pestiferons fr'eight
but the collins are evel hung outside of
the boats, loading them down to the wa
ter's edge. The constant arrival of
these caravans and ilotillas~ with their
Sfreight ot decaying hiunan corpses, and
addto this thet (Ldcalesmbrial, umst
be regarded as the Cause of the out brealk
of the plague, anud the fat listic negli
gence oif the Persiani and ' urkishj (jov
e rnments, wich do not interfere until
the diwhaie hams lbecomne epidemic, ex..
plains why it has not bieen suppressed
during the la-;t ten years. -For a long
time a special treaty haus been in exist
enee betweena these two Governments
relative to theO tranusportationu of these
corpses, but so far it hasm been a treatyv
on paper only. Thie peop~le of Amens
are in as much dlanger as5 the rest of thle
g~orld. It is abou~lt time that the civil
ized nations of the earth shiouldl make
thim utltion1 of the transpiortation of
corp~ses unider an Oriental amti nui inter
national question, and force the two
Governments directly inlterestedl to exe
cute the provisions of their treaty in
goodI faith.
I"Don't You Believe Him.
, The Arabs tell a story to showv how a
. mean man's ph ilosophy overshoots itself.
i Under the reign of the first Calip there
L Was a merchant in Bagdad equally rich
and avaricious. One day he had bar
gained with a porter to carry home for
e him a basket of porceluin vases for ten
i parnaa
a As they went along he said to the man:
" My friend, you are young and I am
old ; you can still earn plenty ; strike a
para from your hire."
" Willingly I" replied the porter.
This request was repeated againi and
Sagain, until, when they reach the house,
.. the porter had only a single para to re
e ceive. As they went up stairs the mer
e chant said i
S"If you will resign the last par-a, I
.will give you three pieces of advice."
- "Be it so," said the porter.
"Well, then," said the merchant, "' if
1) any one tells you it is better to be0 fast
o inig than feasting, do not believe him. If
,f any one tells you it is better to be poor
y, than rich, do not believe him. If any
one tells you it is better to walk thau
,1 ride, (do not believe him."
aMy dear sir,'' replied the astonished
a porter, "I knew these things before;
a but if you will listen to me, I will iv
a you such advice as you never heard."
3 The merchant turned round, and the
,porter, throwing the basket down the
e staircase, said to- him:
- " If any on'e tells you that one of your
vases is unbroken, do not believe h'im."
IrBefore the merchant could reply the
porter made his escape, thus pumishing
t his employer for his miserly greediness.
Inidla's Black Holes of Jails.
's The amuounit of sickness and mhortalit~
-in some of the jails of India is state.,
e Iwith goodl reason, in the official reports
t to be very deplorable. This is particu
t harly applicable to the Punjab. In the
e year 1879) more than one-third of the
average strength of the unfortunate ini
mates of the Rawal Pindi Jail are stated
y to have died, being at the rate of nearly
a 360} per 1,000. At Umballah the death
a1 rate was nearly as high, though in this
Sjail there ,was no ease of cholera. In
ii the jail at Belgium, in the Bombay
fPresidency, - nearly half the averagfe
strength was swept off li 1878. In 1879I%
B the rate had diminuished, though lil
Preahd efarful rop
pe 100.-)ado
WHAT IS MANI
A spark or Ware, a rep of Wate-SemM
Iutoemg observateus About the Mau
msat Aatnom,
LNew York News.
While the , gastrio juice has a mild,
bland, sweetish taste, it possesses the
power of dissolving the hardest food
that can be swallowed. It has no influ
once whatever on the soft and delicate
fibers of the living stomach, nor upon
the living hand, but at the moment of
death it begins to eat them away with
the power of the strongest acids.
There is dust on sea, on land, in the
valley, and on the mountain; there is
dust always and everywhere; the atmuos
phere is full of it ; it penetrates the
noisome dungeon, and visits the deepest,
darkest cave3 of the earth; no palace
door can shut it out, no drawer so secret
as to escape its presence; every breath
of wind dashes it upon the open eye,
yet that eye is not blinded, because
under the eyelid there is incessn~tly
empting itself a fountain of blandest
fluid in nature, which spreads itself over
the surface of the eye at every winking,
and washes every atom of dust away.
But this liquid is mild and so well
adapted to the eye itself has some
acridity, which, under some circum
stances, becomes so decided as to be
scalding to the skin, and would rot away
the eyelids, were it no* that along the
edges of them are little oil manufac
tories, which spread over their surface
a coating as impervious to the liquid
necessary for keeping the eyelids washed
clean as the best varnish is impervious
to water.
The breath which leaves the lungs has
been so perfectly divested of its life
giving properties, that to rebreathe it
unmixed with other air the moment it
escapes from the mouth, would cause
immediate death by suffocation ; while
if it hover about us, more or less de
structive influence over health and life
would be occasioned. But it is made of
a nature so much lighter than the com
mon air, that the instant that it escapes
the lips and nostrils it ascends to the
higher regions above the breathing point,
there to be rectified, renovated, and sent
back again, replete with purity and life.
How rapidly it ascends is fully exhibited
on frosty mornings
But, foul and deadly as the expired air
is, nature, wisely economical in all her
works and ways, turns it to good account
in its outward passage through the or
gains of, the voice, making of it the
whispers of love, the soft words of affec
tion, the sweetest strains of ravishing.
miusio, the persuasive eloquence of the
finished orator.
If a well-made man be extended on
the ground, his arms at right angles
with the body, a circle making the navel
its center will just take in his head, the
fingers ends, and the feet. The distance
from top to toe is precisely the same as
that between the tips of the fingers
whenk the arms are extended. The length
of the body is just six times that of the
foot, wvhile the distance fromi the edge of
the hair on the forehead to the edge of
the chin is one-tenth the length of the
whole stature.
Of the sixty-two p~rimary elements
known in nature, only eighteen are known
to the human body, and of these seven
are metallhc. Iron is found in the blood,
phosphorus in the brain, limiestone in'
the bile, lime in the bones, and dust and
ashes in all.
Not only these eighitaen human ele
mnents, but the whole sixty-two of which
the universe is mado, haive their essen
tial basis in the four substances of oxy
genl, hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon
representing the more familiat- names of
fire, wvater, saltpeter, andi charcoal.
And such is mani, the lord of the earth!
-a spark of fire, a drop of water, a grain
of powder, an atom of charcoal.
Car'lyle a Mathemnaticht:e,
Among Carlyle's Edinburgh connec
tions ini those Kirkcaldy days, one
comes to us in a book form. It was in
1817 that Professor Leslie, not yet Sir
John Leslie, broughkt out the third edi
tion of his " Elements of Geometry and
Plane T'rigonolnetry," being, an improve
ment and enlargement of the two pr'e
vious editions of 1809 and 1811. The
geometrical portion of thke volume con
sists of six books, intended to supersede
the traditional first six books of Euclid,
and containing many propositions not to
be founud there. The seventeenth prop
osition of the sixth book is the problem:
" To divide a straight line, whether
internally or externally, so that the
rectangle under its segments shall be
equivalent to a given rectangle." The
solution, with diagt'ams, occup .es a
page, and there is an additional page (If
"(scholiumif," poinlting out in what cir
1cum~fstanes the problem is impossible,
and calling attention to thke value of thke
proposition in the 'construction of
quadratic equations. So much for the
text of the proposition at pages 17t--177,
but whenk we turn to the " Notes and
Illustrations'' appended to the volume
we find at page 840 this note by Leslie.
''The solution of thIsimpoltan~t problem
now inserted ilk the text was suggested
to me by Thomas Carlyle, an -ingenious
yroung inathemuatician, formerly my
pupil. But I here subjoin likewise the
original construction given of Pappus,
Iwhich, though rather more complex,
has yet some pecOuliar advantages."
Leslie then proces to give the solution
of Pappus in about two pages,-and to add
about three pages of further remarks on
the application of the problem to the
construction of quadratics. The mention
of Carlyhe by Leslie in this volume of
1817 i, I believe, the first mention of
Carlyle by name i print and it was no
small compliment to prefer for text pur
poses~ young Carlyle's solution of an im
pwritant problem to the old one that had
come dewn from the famous Greek
geometrician. Evidently Carlyle's mathe
nmatical reputation was still kept up
ab~out the Edinburgh University, and
ILeslie was anxious to do his l'avorite
pupil a good turn.--Macmnillan'.
A Fixture.
" You seem to have become a fixture
here," said the young man, as he dropped
ini to the old tailor's to hags some re
pairing doneu "Weill, perhaps 5os" Was
the repl1y, "for I have UzEed 7oI 0
pants for y'ou *vo a r 4 .1
.ao *een
ALSU
Taan seed.
belong to theg~s
en or more o
alement.
VnwerVMo is ma
mphuret of meout, 0o
Ps innahar.
!orM we have trese~
hs country.
IT IS estimated that a
blood contans 1,000,000
mUbic millimeter.
IT Is said that the format -
md clouds arises from the p
lust in the atmosphere. .
A NUw celluloid is said to be
rrom well Peeled potatoes, treated with
iolution of sulphuric acid.
THE raw materials of which dy2apmaite
a made are sulphuric acid SliSt
flycerine, and inusorialearti.
GOAPr sugar possess the prope
ermeuting or breaking up linto aloo
ind carbonic acid, on the addition of
reast.
Ir uIts been suggested that noidous
insects may be driven away by cultivat.
ug the fungi that are destructive to
4hem.
Tun raising of pyrethrum, from which
insect powder is made, is carie& on in
California and various other parts of the
LIountry.
PaoM the peats of Brittany have been
obtained, by means of reagents, benzine,
resinous matters, acetio acid, and other
substances.
A MAN can live on seven meals a week
but his supply of gaseous nourishmeni
has to be renewed at least 14,000 times
in twenty-four hours.
IN DETERMINING the illuminatlng
power of gas it should not be cnnduoted
through a rubber tube, since this dimin
Ishes the illuminating power.
THE vaccination of sheep aainst
splenic fever, according to Pasteur's new
method, is very successful, and is being
practised with great vigor in France.
EXPLORATIONS in Spain and North
Africa by Kobelt, of Frankfort, ap au
Lhority on living and fossil shell-fish,
have convinced him that the two conti
uents were formerly connected not only
at Gibraltar, but as far east as Oran and
Oarthagena.
A NuwxY described mineral, white and
friablo with a bitter astringent taste and
readily soluble in cold water, has been
named Ilesite after a gentleman of Lead
ville. It was discovered in Park County,
Colorado, and contains manganese, iron,
zinc, and sulphur.
A MEMOtn of much interest and im..
portance upon the use of anasthetics
has been communicated to the Paris
4cademuy of Science by Mons. Paul
ert. By experiment with different
arnmathetic agents upon animals he has
been able to ascertamn in the case of each
substance what is the quantity just suf
ficient to cause insensibility and how
much suffices to p~roduce death. He
finds the fatal dose of chlorform, ether,
amylene, bromide of ethyl and chloride
of ethyl to be always exactly double the
anasthetic dose. The range between
these, extremes Mons. Bert terms the
working zone and he says that a mixture
about the midle of this working zone,
properly administered, will produce a
safe state of insensibility, which may be
maintained long enough for any surgical
op~eration.
Trailing.
One of the most remarkable features
of uncivilized life is the power savages
show of tracking men and beasts over
immense distances. Many travelers
have spoken of this as some ing almost
miraculous, yet it is only the result of
careful observation of certain well-known
signs ; and we have here before us a col
lection of very-common-sense hints on
the subject. In countries like ours every
trace or foot-print or wheel-track on
roads or paths is soon obliterated or
hopelessly confused ; but it is otherwise
in the wilderness, where neither man
nor beast can conceal his track. In
Caifreland, when cattle are stolen, if
their foot prints are traced to a village,
the head man is responsible for them,
unless lhe can show the same traek gon
out. A wagon track in a new countr s
practically indelible. " More especially,"
say the authors of "Shifts and Expedi
ents of Camp Life," " is this the case if a
fire sweeps over the plain immediately
after, or if a wagon p asses during or after
a prairie fire. We have known a fellow
traveler in this manner recognize the
tracks his wagon had made seven years
before, the lines of charred stump
crushed short down remaining to indi
cate the passage of the wheels, though
all other impressions had been obliter
ated by the rank annual growthful
twelve foot high. Sometimes, the crig1
nal soil being disturbed, a new vegeta
tion will spring up along the wagon
track, and thus mark out the road for
miles.
Even on hard rock a man's bare foot .-.
will leave the dust caked together by
perspiration, so that a practiced eye will
see It j and even if there is no track, a
stono will be disturbed here-and there,
the side of the pebble which has long
lain next to the ground being turned up.
If it is still damp, the man or beast that
turned it has passed very recently. If a
shower of rain has fallen), the track will
tell whether it was made before, during
or after the shower ; similar indications
can be obtained from the dew ; and other
Indientions of the time that has elape
since a man passed by is furnish eby
the state of the crushed grass, which will
be more or less withered as the time is
longer or shorter. Other indloetions are
drawn from the direction in which the
grass lies ; this tells how t'he wind was
blowing at the time the grass was
crushed ; and by noting previous of the
wind, one learns' the time at which each
tart of the track was made. 4
IN THU reports on American and foreign
patents relating to chemistry, published
inthe Proceedings of the American
Chemical Society we find the following
inventions mentioned: A method ol.
making articles from waste amber by
treating she pieces with solvents and sub
jectinig them to pressure; a process "df
obtaining the perfumes of naturail oir
era by absorption, the flowers being
steeped In vaseline which takes up the -
essentIal oils and Is thus transformed