University of South Carolina Libraries
Published ovory Thursday morning. . For subscription, $l.?O por mumm, Btriotly in ad vaneo; for six inonths, 76 cents; for four months, 50 cont?. Advertisements insortod at ono dollar per square of ono inoh or loss for tho first insertion and fifty cents for each Bub BOqUOU t iUBOi'tion. Obituary Notices exceeding . ftvo linos, Tributos of Respect, Communications of a porsonal oharaotor, whon admissablo, and Announcements of Candidates will bo charged for as advertisements. Job Printing neatly and .cheaply oxoott ted. , NoooBslty compols U8 to a<lhoro striotly to tho roqulr?monts of Cash Payments. Te ?hint? Owi ?el* Me True ?Md It Mum F?U*w "? u," Night the Thea Caiu*! Net Then Ile Valve to Amy Mea. BY THOMPSON, SMITH & JAYNISS. WALHALLA, SOUTH CAROLINA, OCTOBER 17, 1880. VOLUME XL,-NO 4?8. BE WISE, SAVE YOUR MONEY -AND BUY YOUR GOODS -AT THE BE SMART, BY SELLING YOUR COTTON, RYE, WHEAT, PEAS, COHN, OATS, BARLEY, BUCKWHEAT/ POTATOES, ERUITS, CABBAGES, CHAIRS, CHICKENS, DUCKS, GEESE, BUTTER, EGGS, M., &C, AT THE Charleston House, Otto H. Schumacher. (Gap* Goods Pucked and Delivered Freo. September 19, 1880. TEACHER'S COLUMN, i ---o- . irjgr* AU communications intended for this column should bo addressed to S. P. Stribling,' School Commis sioner, Walhalla, 8. O. Pupils who attend school regu larly aro gonorally accounted tho toachors' favorites. Indeed, thore is more or less truth in tho assertion and rightly so, too, because such pu pils aro always posted as to whero tho lesson may bo found and, in a ?r>?**or$*V of OP.?OB. tJi.orOMP'hlv t>ro l>ared on tho subject matter, in good spirits and happy. Suoh pupils de light to do tho bidding of the teacher. It is th oro fore reasonable that tho teacher should feel kindly toward tho pupil. Wo do not beliovo that a teacher should make bono ot ono pupil and fleF.li of another, but that ho should rociprooate all kindness exercised toward him by the pupil. There, is no reason why tho beet of feelings botwoen the teacher and pupils should not exist. Any other than kindly feelings aro unnatural, and aro the offsprings of envy, ma lice, hatrod or prejudice and should not bc tolorated by tho patrons of thc school. Patrons arc too diffident about thoir children's welfare. Thoy depend too much on the integrity and honesty of thc teacher, sw/yos iilff that he will discharge his duty conscientiously and faithfully. This is not a natural consequence. Teachers, like all other mon, aro subject to human imperfections and should reccivo ns much watoh-oaro and sympathy as any other avoca tion in life. ' ' Our next visit finds us at "Clear mont" school,'taught by Miss Eu genia Moss. Tho teacher was en gaged in leading her pupils through the intricacies of the fundamental principles of an education, than which nothing is more difficult to tho teacher. There is moro labor attached to tho instruction of ele mentary pupils than to those more advanced. Miss Moss gives fair pro mise to mako a successful teacher after a fow moro years' experience. Next is Miss M. T. Hughs' school, located in Center township, below Bachelor's Retreat. Miss Hughs is one of those teachers who has not kept pace with thc progress of tho day. She undoubtedly does the best she knows. All such teachers should study the late text books, attend the tho Teachers' County Association for their own improvement, and moreover the patrons of their schools have a right to demand this at their hands. S. P. STKIKMNG. "Equinoctial Storms.? A very common error is thus cor rected by Dr. Louis Swift, of thc Warner Observatory, at Rochester, N. Y. : "There is no such thing as an equi noctial storm, although people think thore is. Why, I supposo they would call thc storms down East last week equinoctial storms, although wo had fine weather here, and to day while wc have a storm in othor parts of thc country they are having lino weather. No, there is no such thing as an equinoctial storm." Tho popular belief is that the "crossing of tho linc" by tho sun on tho 22d March and on thc 22d Sep tember causes such meteorological disturbances as to produce storms at thoso particular times. Tho fact is, as shown by scientists, that thero is no more change in tho relative po sitions of the sun and thc earth at those seasons than at any othor. It is shown that "tho approach to and recession from the earth's equator aro steady and progressive move ments and no greater progress is made on ono day than on another." On this subject the Atlanta Even ing Journal says : "There arc apt to bc storms about tho timo thc sun apparently "crosses thc line," and this year they hap pened to occur on thc very day of tho transit, lint it was not duo to any greater influence over tho woa ther on that day caused by the posi tions of the sun and earth than on any other one day. There had boon a regularly progressive lessoning of the day or sunshine, and a corres ponding lengthening of the night or darkness, and * tho accumulating changes in temperature produced by this movement caused tao mete orological disturbances or storms. They do not usually occur on the particular day, or even within a week of the so-called "crossing," but are duo to progressive move ments causing a warmer period about thc timo of thc vernal equinox and a coolor one about tho time of the autumnal equinox," A Letter to Fanners. ATLANTA, Ootobor 8.-Chairman Sledge, of tho National Cotton Com-, mitteo of tho Farmers' Alliancp, with President Idviugston, of the Georgia Atlantic, and Colonel Kolb, Commissioner of Agriculture of Ala bama, have issued a call recommend ing a mooting of tho Cotton Ex changes. > The purpose of tho meeting is sot forth in tho following letter, written to all the Presidents of State Alli anoes, Wheels and Unions of the CCttOn Stilt?", PPd to tho lOnrirjora' and Laborers'Union , of Amerioa : "Whereas, Rooont information of a reliable nature has roaohed us that a jute combination has been ronowod upon a moro extensivo soalo than formerly, denominated tho American Manufacturing Company, in whioh perhaps all principle jute bagging : manufacturers aro interested, by ? whioh they proposo to force on the j cotton producer for the year 1890 their output ; and i "Whereas, it is absolutely ncces- 1 sary that whatever should bo dono to prevont tho same must, to bo effioient, 1 be dono at tho earliest possible day ; ? therefore wo the undersigned, most ' earnestly request tho Presidents of each State Alliance to haye a deci ded expression from Sub-alliances, Wheels and Unions in favor of tho exclusive usc of cotton bagging for tho yoar 1800, and report tho samo to a convention at St. Louis on De cember 7th noxt, at 10 A. M. ; said convention to bo composed of the presidents of each Stato Alliance, i Wheel or Union, or suoh representa tives as they may select, and ono or more delegates from each cotton ex change in the United States to take into consideration and settle the question of taro on cotton-covered bales, and to establish a standard cotton bagging. "Wo earnestly request tho Hon. Evan Jones, President of tho Farm ers' and Laborers' Union of America, to invite each Cotton Exchange in tho United States to send properly accredited delegates to said conven tion, and in tho ovent of tile cotton oxchanges refusing or neglecting to participate'in said convention then tho delegates representing tho pro ducers shall proceed to lix tho tare and proscribe a standard of cotton bagging, to which all Alliance mon will uncompromisingly adhere. "This action is necessary that manufacturers of cotton bagging may bo enabled to supply tho demand at reasonable prices. Lot Sub-alli ances take action immediately. , "L. F. LIVINGSTON, "President S. F. A. "R. G. SLEDGE, "Chairman Nat. Cot. Com. ?It. P. KOLB, "Ag. Comr. Alabama." Signs of a Cold Winter. "Wo are going to have an early fall and a long, cold, hard winter," remarked Samuel Lovelace, an old Jci'sey fanner, to several friends at the new Washington market yester day. "How do you figuro that out?" asked ono of tho markol-men. "In the first place," tho Jcrscyman re plied, "just try the skin of any of your fruit. You will find your ap ples and peaches and grapes, and all | youi* fruit, for that matter, which is home-grown, with a thicker and toughor skin than you have see? for several years. That is ono of the indications. That is the way nature takes tare of her products. Last winter apples and other fruits wore so thin-skinned and tender that it was hard to gather them, if you will remember, and we had an extraordi nary mild winter. Corn is another of nature's sign-boards. Tho cars this year aro protected by thioker and stronger husks than I have seen before for years, and talking with farmers up in Pennsylvania I find it is tho same way. Wheat and rye straw aro tougher, hay ia wirier, and thc sccd-pods aro hotter protected than usual. These aro old farmers' signs, and they are good ones be cause thoy don't como from any moon-planing superstition, but from actual observation year after year by a elnss of men whose interests Ho in keoping closo watch of all of nature's moods."-New York Star. Mrs. Mary Black Clayton, a daugh ter of Judge Jeremiah Black, calls nttontion to thc fact that Columbus himself inaugurated human slavery in America. On his first voyage to tho country he sent 500 natives of San Salvador to Spain to be sold ns slaves. Cotton Mills In tho.South. CHATTANOOGA, Torin., Ootobor4. Thb Tradesman has instituted an exhaustive iuquiry into tho ootton mill industry of tho South, and has reooived reports from all ' loading mills of tho Southern States. Tho aotual mu ab cv of mills in operation is 839, against 142 in 1880, an in ?rense of 282 per oont. sirioo tbocon sus year. Tho increase in mill con sumption of raw cotton in tho same period has been 258 per cont. South Carolina is tho bannor State ; 182,819 halos woro consumed in that State last year, against 120,988 bales in Georgia. Tho consumption of raw ootton in South Carolina has in creased 88 por oont. in two years. Tho concensus of opinions of load ing manufacturers of the South in their written reports to tho Trades man is that tho South possesses ad? vantages ovor any other portion of America for cotton manufacture in : 1. Proximity to raw material. 2. Suporior climate. 8. Cheaper power. i. Lower cost of rout and living. 6. Lower wage scale. 6. Less liability to strikes. 7. Choapor buildings. 8. Less expenso for heating mills. 9. Saving on freight. Tho reports show that tho South has abundant material of which to devolopo an excellent labor force for industry. Nearly all tho labor is na tive, and although tho expansion of industry since 1888 has oalled for an increase in tho number of hands, amounting to fully 200 per cent, there has not been in that period a singlo serious strike in ono Southern cotton mill town, and but ono of con siderable duration in any mill. The reports also show that the operatives do not laok a high degrco of skill. Tho Tradesman has received re turns ot dividens from twenty-fivo loading mills in tho South located in six different States. Those dividons run between extremes of four and twenty-eight per cont and thc avorago of twenty-fivo is 11? per cent por an num. These twonty-fivo fairly rep resent the wholo. The Election of Speaker. Tho Washington correspondence of tho News and Courier has this to say in referenco to tho approach ing election of Speaker : "The mcmbors of the 51st Con gress are beginning to make their appearance in Wasl ington, and tho political gossips a- a at work upon their slates in connection with tho organization of tho House of Repre sentatives. A few wooks ago tho indications were that McKinley, of Ohio, would be elected to tho Speak ership, and his friends ventured to namo tho States that might bo counted upon to givo him their undi vided support. It appears that the McKinloy men have made numerous mistakes in their calculations, for many of those who were expected to givo him their votes in the caucus openly declare that they aro in fa vor of Tom Rood, of Maine, and have been of that faith since tho last November election. It was said that the Pennsylvania delegation was about equally divided between Recd and McKinley, but a majority o? the Pennsylvanians who havo vi sited hero within the past week claim that their delegation will probably vote as a unit for Recd. Tho latter will probably havo the solid support of all tho Northern and Eastern de legations, while tho Westorn delega tions are considerably mixed up by reason of having several rival can didates. McKinloy cannot count upon the solid vote of all thc West ern States, for, with him in tho Speaker's chair, certain important committee slates would be broken." Dr. S. J. Hester has brought suit against tho Rasin Fertilizer Com pany, Capt. George B. Dean, Isaac Padgett and various members of tho County Alliance for$10,000 damages. He claims that being deposed from thc office of business agent has in jured him to that amount. Ho also claims pay for his services and ex penses incurred amounting to $2,000. This suit grows out of tho Alliance trouble that dovolopcd last spring. For certain reasons tho County Alli ance turned Dr. Bester out and elected Captain Dean in his place, The Doctor felt agrie ved by this ac tion and thought he had boon un fairly treated and he has brought Ibis suit.-Spartanbury Spartan. It is not lawful to shoot birds un til the first day of Novcmbor, Hold your fire and keep your dogs baok tutti that day, Primus Jo?os Wanta Fifty Acres to t?e Mule. lu conversation tho other day Pri mus Jones, tho "first bale man," of | Georgia, said : "Five years ago I started out to do what no man in Georgia has over done-to raiBO fifty bales of cotton to tho plow. I wanted to have tho honor of doing moro than any othor ! farmer in tho State. And I am got-1 ting nearer ar.d noaror ?ny hopo. This year I havo already gathered1 twenty balos to tho plow, and I am hardly moro than half done. My neighbors say 1 lia vc n't pickett hail my orop, but I think that what I have loft will run my crop to thirty five or moro balos to tho plow. "I would not tako $1,000 for my profit on oaoh mule I plow," said Mr. Jones. "I have 400 aores and will raise 800 balos. I run eight plows; no tonants; I biro every hand on the farm. My orop is tho finent I havo over scon. I shall raise forty balos to tho plow next year, and if I live I will reach tho fifty mark yot." Tho Colonel has a peculiar kind of | cotton ho has propagated, of which 1,250 pounds in seed will yield 500 pounds of lint. Another good quali ty, of his cotton is that tho wind does not blow it out of the bolls. Tho Greenville Enterprise and Mountaineer, in giving tho proceed ings of Court, says ; Tho first case tried was S. B. Crawloy vs. Spartan B?rry. This was an action for claim and delivery of a horse. Tho testi mony wont to show that Dr. Crawloy and Mr. Berry swapped horses. Crawley paid Mr. B?rry $10.00 on the difference that was agreed upon as boot between tho two animals, and promised to pay tho other soon. Mr. Berry claimed a balance duo of $00.00 and Dr. Crawley $80.00. Mr. Berry wanted to ruo and Dr. Craw loy would not and an arbitration was agreed upon. The arbitrators mot at Mr. Berry's, and Mr. Berry's av bitrator refused to act. Tho horse Dr. Crawloy obtained from Mr. Ber ry was hitched in tho latter's yard and Mrs. Berry took tho animal and put it in their stables. Tho action was for tiic recovery of the horse. A mistrial was ordered. Tho jury stood six for ono and a half dozen for tho other. JOHNSTOWN, PA., October 6. With tho thermometer about tho freezing point thoro is a groat deal of | suffering hero these nights by peo ple who aro improperly sheltered and I poorly clothed. Tho rolief money which was intended to support their necessities, cvon if paid at once, will now como too late to bo properly ap plied in providing against tho blasts of winter. Clothing that was on hand when thc commissary depart ment shut down has boon transferred to tho Hod Cross Society, by whom it will bo distributed to tho needy. Thoro havo boon a great many deaths | hore within tho past week, and most of them havo been superinduced by ailments contracted in the Hood. In the Bed CrosB hospital there aro now twonty-two cases of typhoid fovcr, most of them being strangers in town. Tho Washington correspondent of] tho New York Times says: "Tho Government printing office has com pleted tho invnienso work of printing tho testimony in thc contested elec tion cases, which will como Up for sottlcmont boforo the 51st Congress. Following arc the titles of the cases : Chambers against Morgan, Missis sippi ; Langston against Venable, Virginia; Waddill against Wisc, Virginia; Posey against Parrott, In diana; Miller against Elliott, South Carolina; Bowon against Buchan, Virginia; Kcrnagan against llookor, Mississippi; Thrcot against Clark, Alabama; Atkinson against Pendle ton, VVcst Virginia; MoDufiio against | Turpin, Alabama; Hill against Catch ings, Mississippi ; Goodrich against Bullock, Florida; Eaton against Phelan, Tcnnessoo ; Mudd against Compton, Maryland ; Foatherston against Cato, Arkansas; McGinnis agains Aldorson, West Virginia; Smith against Jackson, Wost Vir ginia. Addlepato: "Aw! You havo in sulted me, sir. Aw ! my fwiond will call upon yon. Your oard, slr, please. Aw." Bohemian : "Givo you my oard? I should Kay not. You would stick it in your looking-glass to delude yoiir land-lady into thinking you Woro acquainted with ft gontleman," -K BT A ll lil B ll K 1> "LT-- ., Old Pick?ns in 1840, -HMOVKO TO-<- 17 Destroyed by Fire Juno 2 ?st 1887. Re-Established August H , ? ? 1887, Transplanting Trees. Tho boat tiiiio to transplant, any troo is in the fall of tho year, after growth has entirely ceased, and tho trco has become absolutely dormant, ?t is then comparatively insensible to tho necessary cutting of its roots and brandies. It knows nothing, so to speak. In the spring it only dis covers that it has boen kidnapped, and experiences some shortness of breath by reason of its pruned roots and brandies, but soon makes tho best 3f tho situation and goes ahead, growing. Tho main reason why transplanting in tho tallis boat is contained in tho abovo remarks. If the work is doforrod until spring, the oarliest action of tho roots, which 00 ours long before tho end of frost, is interfered with. With many trees, root growth becomes aotivo before thoro is any sign of vegetation on tho troo above. Tho removal of tho tree during this period dofors and weakens this first effort of tho tree, whioh may involvo its lifo. Shortening in tho top of a trco in transplanting is a matter of the first importance, and tho neglect of it ac counts for tho loss of many trees, or for their slow and unsatisfactory growth. The roots and top should bo cut baok in about thc same pro portion'with suoh traes ns the water oak, or tho top mada smaller than tho root. When tho roots aro neces sarily out, and tho ti 00 transferred to now quarters, it is plain that tho shortened rootB cannot perform their natural functions as early as they would otherwise, and that they oan not fov some timo at least, send up food for thc trco abovo to aiiy appre ciable extent. A new root system has to be formed, and during tho timo taken for this there must not bo much demand for nourishment by the treo abovo tho ground, oleo tho roots will fail to supply it. Iloroin Hes tho im portance of olosoly pruning tho top, Witli young fruit trcos, tho rule should bo to takeoff tho entire top, leaving nothing of tho trunk but a strait stick two or three feet high. Tho roots should be out smooth and well spread out. Dig holes for troos simply sufHoiont to contain all the roots loft upon thom,,, and in all cases, at least throe feet in diamotor and two feet deop. Fill in and plant tho roots in top soil. Buck ets of water poured violently into tho hole while filling in will bettor settle tho earth among tho roots than can be done by packing with tho feet. Trees, as a rule, should bo set slightly docpor in thc ground than thoy grow boforo hoing removed. It is a groat mistake to manuro a newly sot trco with stable manure or other hcat-gonorating substanco. Ashes, lime, bones and woods earth aro tho best fertilizers for tree?? Stablo manuro has killed many a newly sot tree. Wo aro not awaro of any reason why these principios and rules should bo varied with tho water oak and white ash.- Cotton Plant. Dick Turpin Outdone. Claude Duval, Dick Turpin and Blaok Bart havo figured in many a romantic story, but John Mitchell, thc Minnesota highwayman, boats them all. Mitchell was recently locked up in tho Stato reformatory at St. Cloud. Ho is a remarkably handsome and dashing young follow of about twonty summors, and Mrs. Sands, thc jailer's forty-year-old wife, lost hor hoart tho moment sho saw him. Just how tho affair was managed is j not known, but ono dark night last week Mitchell mado his escapo with the lady and #60 of the jailer's money* livery effort was mado to capture tho fugitives, but it is believed that they aro safoly concealed somowhere in Canada. Highwaymen havo broken jail be fore, and escaped full-handed, but it is a now kink to find ono daring enough to carry off tho jailer's spouse. It is very evident that our sensa tional story writers have not yot ex hausted all thc possibilities in their lino of work. Their most thrilling fictions aro tamo by tho side of young Mitchell's brilliant exploit. A Sound Legal Opinion. E. llalnbrtdgo Munday, Esq., county attornoy, Clay county, Tex., says: 'Havo used Ktoctrio Wttors with most happy resulte. My brothor also was vory low with malarial fever nnd jaun dice, but was cured tv? tlmoly uso ot this medi cino. Am satlsfled Electric- Bitters saved his lifo." Mr. O. I. Wilcoxson, of Horse Cave, Ky., adda a Uko testimonial, ?sayIn?: "Ho positively he llovos ho would havo died, had It not been for Elcctrlo Hitters." This groat romedy win wari off, as well ?a ouroall malarial diseases, una for all kidney, livor and stomach dlsor?ors stenils unequalled, Frico (Wo. ?nd $1 at forman Drug C J.'S drug