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^~r /:7yJW5, f r f t 1 * . ' ' ' ,- , , - - , _ c "TO THINK OWN^SELF BE TRUE, AND IT MUST FOLLOW, AS THE ^^ ^ NIGHT THE 1)AV, THOU CANST NOT THEN BE FALSE TO ANY MAN." BY IIOB'T. A. THOMPSON. P1CKEN* COURT HOUSE, S. C. SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 1860. VOL. XII. NO. 7. The Game of Life. s IIY KM/A COOK. ! With eager hand Ilopo deftly weaves Tho mantles that our prido would don, While busy Anger'i) Curo urtrearcs The garments as we put them on. -> Wo rear our palaces of joy, ' And tread them will* exulting shout. Till, crumbling round, 'tin plainly round . : Soiiio coi'ner-Hlonea have been left out, And thus wo play the game of Life, Shadow ami substance ever blcndinar: 'Mid (lowers of l'eace and toors of Strii'o 1 Gaily beginning?sadly ending. The maiden greets Iter swain to-day, Thoy j-'*r to -morrow and she tlouts him ; Now she helloves whate'er he'll -?ay, A month has gone??l?9 ! she doubts him ; The lover hangs upon a plnnce. With glowing trust nnd earnest sueitig; Next- year he rouses from his trance, And scorns the one holntc was wooing. And thus wc play the gain* of Life, Our droanis di&pcll'd. our plans defeated, And when we've lost with pain and cost, still stand. as ready to be cheated. The cooing infnnt'B*rosy mouth Aptly receives tlio swecten'd portion ; | , When waves are calm, anil winds are South, None see tbe death-rocks in the ocean." Tho ricli man toils to "gather up." Moaning to bask in Fortune's clover, And while lie pours into bis cup, Perceives not it is running over. An;l thus we play tbe gninc of Life, Now si.nply snared, now wisely brooding. Now bribed by smiles, now spreading wiles, Living deluded and deluding. The Poet trattles to tho stars. I'hllosopbers dissect ilie thunder, Dotli. both nro stopp'd by crystal bars. Ami stanil o tsldo Jo watch aud wonder; AVe moralize on bftttlu-plains, Where blood has poured, anil fame was won. AVe turn and see (lie baby's jrlee Over bis mimic sword and gun. And thus wc play the game ot Life, "L'wixl lioly Thought and fearful Deed. Some only slay to work and pray, .\nd some but live for Crime and Greed Our foot of elny trip up each other. war wings <>< etlior seek the sky ; Wo hrenthc?ivo ore?i*11i 1 1 lollow < mot lice. Yet nono t'lin tell us ' Now')" r.i Wliy?" . Our hvAVlt* like clocks, koc]> licking fV-i. *Vo climb iiml Inugh. wo lull tui-l wo op ; Till, lived of guessing, ul the Inst We solve llio riddle in :i sloop. And tliu# we jiluy tliejfhme of Life. !ii motley gurb.i ol'Orief nnd I'le.-isuro, Till wo ure dressed in that green vest Por wliioli tlm sexton lukes mi- inonf: / *? r\ n r\ 'i i ii in ii i > i--j ^ ^ iR'J JMJ v!j NJ y ' W ^ !j i 4^ X'j , FOR TIIK KGO WKK OOt'lllKll. T!i? Lamar System of English Grammar. No. 2. .K\ Editor: It Ivs boon shown in a previous article that Mr. L.\.MAit lias used his ilUnritiny knife, upon the Verb, bisecting it at the auxiliary junction. transforming the auxiliary into a principal verb, auJ the principal into a perfect participle?reducing the nuatber of tenses to three, and destroying the l\ix*ivc Verb entirely. Now, sir, we lay it down an an incontrovertible proposition?and challenge nnv nr ?ll nf tlie advocates of Mr. Lamar's system of Grammar, or Mr. LamAr himself, or Ivim mid nil combined, to show to the contrary-?that tho Knglish Verb has six tenses, because it bus six different forms by which " ait action, state or being " may bo affirmed uf its subject, each indicating different times, as it relates to tho subject and time of the speaker; that these different inflections, modifications or variations ot tiie verb are caused by thouiffmuiii relations that the time of the verb bears to the tunc of tho speaker; and that these different variations arc culled the Tenses, signifying in Grammar the times of tho verb, not that the term tense literally means time, jjut becauso it is derived from Undo, tho literal Aigniflection of which is, to stretch, extend or vary. Hcuee, the stretching, extending or variation of the vorb to show it* different times. Wo will in tho next place, give tho reader one of Mr. Lamar's model sentences : 14 lie has Written." " Parsing.? lie is a pronoun, of fht third person, singular number, masculine gender, and subject, of has. lias is a verb in the present tense, third person, singular number, and agrees with he; written is a perfect participle. and refera to he." Now, is not this aunrenudv rid5onion*? outrage upon common sense?an insult ottered to t!io intelligence of the age, to attempt to tlirunt such nousensioal stuff us this down the throats yf the people; and then, to cap tho climax,, lmvo the brazen, unheard-of effrontery to call it Oram mar,?yea, Philosophical {rramni'tr, " founded upon reason and common sense," whon every ono oan sec, nt one .single indirect glaneo, that it is u perfect burJoirjiie upon M common sense," ana " founded i), mi the veiv quintessence of nonsense !" Now, we tnko the position, that it is a Urammatical impossibility, in at leant a fourfold seuso, for < writtenin this sentenco, to ibe a participle. Ii? the firot place, Mr. Lamah's own <1>-J)ini>tion of the Verb, is proof of the highest pox Htblr order, 'that " writtenin this sentence, should not bo parsed or " ditiptwod of" ho <i . prtjciplo; foi; his definition of tho Verb is, ijn tlvoao words: " A v:rb in a word thJBt cx' uivju/u /Jim /m/iiib "" - - *' *' - ' _,r,.T... ...? ol WlJHiy ?/ t'l" HllOject f" and cannotovery one se<\ who h?s dis'oriiniu?tivc qualities autlh-ient to diNtiogaiflh.j Lmuar'n I'rnotiool Grammar'' from Mooje's i iMnjjnctlo Toifgrapli, thifc it ije written " und not " Amthat expense * the action of, the. *uhjei:ty' in this, his model sentence; and that, tlwrofors, " written " should h^ parsed n yrb, bocauso it performs t!io vow idonbi- i -cul oflico that Mr. Lamar tolla us th<a verb h porformfl. It is an impossibility, in tho aooorid plao?< bocauso this form of th<??orb, Whon , iised n participle, always boa a pansive nig-11 ttifldHtim), and consequently cnnnot possibly P lid u*?d in :iu active fi?Daft na "written" i?, ' . in 'U'm* .Me?it4>u9p. iinposaibiUty in J i the. |))ird plnoo, because it obliterate* tho lino j 1 pf dmuarvntiou between tho Vorb and PartiHrf ,v I ciple, making tlic participial existence of this form of the verb depend cutircly upon J'uvm, when, in reality, it is not the form that infuses into it its pnrticipljd existence, but tho manner in which it is expressed of its subjeet. Whenever this form of the verb is affirmed or predicated of its subject so as to constitute a complete proposition, it is then a verb and cannot possibly be any other part of Bpcech ; because it docs the very thwig that the whole Grammatical world, and Mr. Lamar. besides, inform us tho verb does; but, nn - * * ' v. vuiiviuit, vrijviiutur iiiim lunu oi me verb is assumed of its subject, so ns no.' to constitute a complete proposition, it is then a participle, and e .nnot possibly be any other part of speech ; because it- performs the very identical office that the whole Grammatical world and Mr. Lama.11 besides, toll us tlic Participle performs. It is an impossibility, in the fourth and last place, because when this form of the verb assumes its participial life,it has a passive signification, and its time is always that of the principal verb in the sentence ; and hence, as Mr. IjA.MAR makes "has" in this sentence the principal verb, and in the present tense Absolctc, it follows as clearly and unequivocally, according to the 1-iAMAit system, as that two and two make four, that thin combination or tonso of the verb does not mean what those who use the English language as a vehicle for thought, imagine it docs, and is only, after all, a superfluous, tautological expression, and when pruned of its redundancy is only equivalent tO " Iff U'l'itf!*." W.e will, in our next, give Mr. Lamau'a Rules, which he has given to enable the student to know when to use his discarded tenses, . I ?!.-! L li'i- 1 J 1 .T iuniuy niuir uusiiruity UQU impracticability. Wkston Hays. 1 From the Charleston Courier. To the Hon. Edward Q. Palmer. It is in behalf of the people of South Carol inn that you arraign the Officers of tho Company in the columns of the Edgefield Ailvcr 'iw. the South Carolinian, and, I presume, in other public journals, od the charges of a violation id" the charter of the Company, and of bad faith for having expended the funds of the Company beyond the limits of the State. I have fdUowu that other Railroad Companies i:i S'outlW'arolina have, by u subscription of , i., i t,. .. ! u..:i 1 /' : ... . t .-I' ? X ' i ?< i Iinininu V- II11 ?:i ll iu?, 111 IIUS Ht it". inn] oift of it, aided in the construction of other roads than their own, and it has not oceur?od to any person that in so doing tliey bad violated their charters or noted in bad faith. !>ut I will proceed to show that such expenditure i.s authorized by Legislative reports# uud enactments, and that even if it were not consistent with the charter of the Co up my, the State, as a stockholder, has sanctioned and confirmed what the officers ol the Oo np iny have done. Some latitude must be allowed to the defence. My purpose is not to assert and to argue in reply to your charges, out to prove them to bo gro.'ily unfounded. In tho statement of the ovidonco I will bo aa brief sis may bo compatible with this purpose. Tho I>1 no KitJjre Railroad Company w;is incorporated in 1852, and by tho ?amo Act tho State gavo aid to the cntcrpriso by engaging, on ccrtain conditions, to guarantee tho bonds of the Company to the amount of $1,250,000, which bonds were to ho scoured by ti first mortgage on the rond. It is unncccssnry to auvert to tne conditions of that aid, because it was not accepted by the Company. In 1858 tho Company entered into a contract with Anson Bamrs & Co. for the construction of the entire Jsiuo ividgo iioau i'rom Anueraon lu Knoxvillc. Tho con tractors undertook to do all tho work and furnish all the materials necessary for the complete construction of the road, at certain fixed prices for tho work and materials, for which payment was to bo made to mom monthly, one-half in cash, one-fourth in stock, and the remaining fourth in bonds of the Company, which wore to be secured only by a mortgage of the road. The aid granted by the Act of 1852 being considered by the contractors to bo insufficient to enable tho Company to perform their part of tho contract, they inserted a stipulation that, unless more satisfactory aid wag granted by the State t.lliw fllmiiM of - ? j w..wmiv? k/v nv iiuvi \ J iu mmiiiiuuh lliu uuii truot. Tho Company Accordingly p '.itioncd the Legislature, in 185H, for mord effective assistance. In the petition nil tho terms of the contract with Anson Bungs & Co. wero fully set forth. The estimated cost of tho road in South Carolina was stated to bo 82,500,000 ; and of tho ontiro road, from Anderson to Knoxvillj, to bo 87,500,000. The moans of tho Company to accomplish tho work, wcro exhibited to bo : Tho subscriptiou by the City of Charleston, $1,040,000 ; private subscriptions, $151,000. Tho Tonnesaeo subscription, $500,000, aud tho Stock and Bonds of tho Company to bo taken by Bangs & Co. in payment of one-hnlf of the estiinuted cost of the road. Thenc assets, amounting in the wholo to $.">,450,000, left a deficiency, when compared with the estimated cost of the ro>.d from Andorgon to Knoxvillo, of 82,000,000. The petition prayed that tho Legislature would supply this deficiency by a subscription of 8750,000, :? cdditior to tho prunranty of Donds provided for by the Ailt of 18^'*. The petition whs referred to tho impropriate Committees in tho two Housoi-, and a oill was reported granting aid to tho amount prftyed for by the Company. After A very full discussion of tho hill upon its merits, tho bill was passed in tho Semtto but lost in the llonsc. In tl?.i progress of the bill oortain tesolu tions wero adopted by the Senate, calling for information rcspncting the amount of tho sut?criplions in South Carolina and Georgia ; tho number of individual ubscriber*, and tho particuliVs of the contract with Anaon Jiangs & C\?. The Prosident of the road,- Mr. Henry Oourdia, reaponded to tho inquiries, and i;;^ i i? .i- V. toy au<?uiuuiii* wm\ rvjiurtcu oy tno wQmmiiiee of Finance nnd Bunks to tlio Senuto, The toi'iuii of tho contract with An?on *r Go-> for iU?eom;t motion of the rontl frotn Autlersou to Kuoxvillo, were fully sot forth by the President. The application for additional aid was renewed in 1854. I cannot obtain a copy of the petition, if any was presented ; but it is ' probable that the petition,, bill and proceedings of the preceding session were again brought forward, til the meantime, that is in July, 1854, a meeting of the Stockholders i was held in Charleston, to which the President and Directors made a report. They ' state iu it that Mr. Lythgoc, the Chief Kngi- | noer of the Company, with his assistant", had made a final location ot' the road in South Carolina and Georgia, and also, in part, in North Carolina and Tennessee. The resources of the Tennessee Company were shown to have | been largely increased by a liberal grant of; aid by that State, while the means of the Company, so far as rotated to this State, tleor| gia and North Carolina, remained the same as they were at the date of the former application to the State for aid, viz : the. City Subscription 81,040,000 ; individual subscriptions ?151,000 ; Contractors Stock and Bonds 83,000,000, and the State Guaranty, under the Act of 1852, gl,250,000. The Kcport recommends that the application should be renewed to the Legislature for additional aid to the amount of one million of subscription, and a guaranty of the Company's Bonds for one million more. The charter cequires that the Company shall make an annual renort. to the LogfJInture, mid it may be assumed that ' the Ooiup\iny accordingly did submit ih<it report to the presiding ollieurs, and to the mem born of both houses. ? The Committee of Ways and Mean*. Ly j their Chairman, the lion. >1. fz.-.vd M;J;llet< | made a favorable report on the ap;>l:o:;t:on The report brings to the att"ii?inn o! t ! House that " tho Company had eomplet ! , its surveys " and ' located their entire line,'' which "set at rest all question respecting lh' practicability (if this great work. Hut, although practicable, it is difficult and costly.? : Although costly, it will fall far short in costliness to those, great railway lines which connect New York, Philadelphia and Baltimore | with the trrcaf and fertile valley of the West." I " The whole line, of railway proposed to bo broujxht under the control of your memorialists will, when completed, bring Charleston into coumvtiou with Knoxvillc. The connection of i\no.\Vlllo, by completed and projected lines.oi railway, will open to the South- ( l west, Northwest, ynd- Northeast, boundless ' | fields of enterprise to the commercial spirit of j I i i>..? - ? > v/ii II IU.1IUH. 1IUI I1UL Ml UWetl lOUgCr Upoll merely material ami commercial interests, jour Committee venture to suggest that there are social and political considerations of vast moment, which should urge us to aid this en! tcrprise, even should its achievement involve 1 a largo expenditure of money." The Committee recommends that the hill should l?o < passed, with some unimportant amendments. It was passed under the title of " An Act to authorize aid to the iilue llidge Railroad in South Carolina." 1 No comment is necessary to lead the dullest mind to a conclusion. The petition of ( the Company, the replies of the President to : 'he inquiries of the Senate, the report of the | President and Directors to the Stockholders in I July, 1851, and lastly, the report of Mr. Middleton, from the Committee ol Ways and ' Means, all make it manifest, beyond doubt or II contradiction, that the Legislature was fully I ~c ii.. J- - Himiuuu 01 iin; uesign ana purposo ol tho Company, with tlio funds that could bo ob- j taincd in South Carolina, and contributions ' which could be obtained in tho other States til rough wiiitdi iiio loau w?6 !vC..iCil, to construct the entire road from Anderson to Knoxville, and that this purpose was as well known and understood by the Legislature as it was by the officers of the Company. The cost of tho entire road was exhibited to the Legislature, and the delioicncy of tho means of the Company compared with tho estimated cost of tho whole road was presented to show the necessity of State aid, and the measure of nec1 cssary assistance. Aid was granted to the 1 measure of tho Company's .vants to complete the entire road, and it is an imputution of 1 consummate stupidity and folly in the legislature to affirm that they restricted the cx ,.< . :.i ?i i - - ? pvixuvuio ui mo hiu which was granted to inc construction of tho road in South Carolina. Tlio completion of the road in South Carolina would bo worthless towards tho accomplishment of thoso great advantages of h free and quick commerce bctweon South Carolina and the regions West of the mountains, which nre strongly set forth in Mr. Middlcton's report. It was expressly to secure those advantages by tho completion of the*road to Knoxville, that tho Legislature granted aid to the Rluo Ridge Railroad Company in South Carolina. Rut to put it in n still stronger light, if that is possible, the absurdity of the supposition that the Legislature intended to restrict tho expenditure of tho aid granted, within die limits of South Carolina, it is only nocessa'/ to advert to tho facts f. osented in the memorial, that ihli nA?f i\f #l?r? 1. ^ 1 v* VIIV IUHU 111 UIMUIt V/illUlina was $2,500,000; thnt under the contract with liau?8& Co. one-h;df the cost would bo paid in the Stock and Bonds of tho Company secured onl) by a mortgage of tlin mud. Ho that the Company required only 81,250,000 to meet tho cash payments, and that they ac tually exhibited to tho Legislature cash resources to meet these payments hi the amount of tho City subscription, $1,049,000, and of individual subscriptions for $151,000 more, of which two-thirds was made in-South Carolina. It is preposterous to supposo that with tho oxhibit of oost and resources, which the Pm,,?onn 1- lU- T . .1 ? ? vuh.jiixij iiwuu ui ihp jjugiHiuturc, inoy suouKl | ask aid U) construct tho road In South Carolina ; find it is inconcci**blo that they nhould petition for two millions more, and thut the Legislature should havo given a moment'8 hoed to .such a petition. If anything more were needed to establish the authority of the Company to expend the r, aid granted hy th* State beyond the limits of J P,v"?t!:'C.iVcli!:^, !t rlftbp'fwitf V> the elnuKo l providing for the gu if.'tntV by the St:ito of I KoHds of the Blue KHgfi Railroad Company in South Carolina. It wan made a condition of thnt guaranty that the Companies in all the States should first execute a mortgage "of the whole estate, property and funds which they then possessed, or might afterwards acquire," to secure the payment of these Bonds. It cannot be credited that the State would have made such a demand, or that the Companies in the other States would have listened to it, if the money to he obtained on those II.....1- .....o -i:~> > - ' * ' < no >u uu UXUIUSlVUiy 10 UlC construction of the road in South Carolina. it was also provided that the mortgages which have been mentioned " may also secure, without any priority or preference, other Homls of the 151 ue Kidge Railroad Company in South Carolina, to an amount not exceeding ?1,500,000. Provided, that nothing herein contained shall be construed to prevent any of the said Companies from applying any of the proceeds of the loan so made by them, and the installments which may bo paid in on the stock of the said companies for the purpose of con structing, equipping and working their respective roads, and tor no other purpose whatever,*' except tn pay the interest ami principal on the Bonds. " Any of the said Companies" can only mean those, iri (leorgia, and North Carolina, and Tennessee, for when the Legislature gave aid to the lilue Ridge Railroad Company in South Caroliffn, to complete the road from Andersen to Knoxville, they could not have intended to frustrate the express purpose! of the aid l>y forbidding that it should be expended out of the limits of South Carolina. i l;iiv<? I ius shown that before the aid was V' i b\ 11:? Ac'. of 1 8.VI, which set the ri on linn _ ound, the memorial of the ' U'il!, had fully, and completely i111? i , i itnre or' the design and p'Mj t'o-iipuny to build tlie l>lue Hin i 1;.-i fi i Anderson to Knoxville Willi mi . u ' . i- is o u!<l b<: obtained in South Oil roll in .. mi i other States. The memori;il nets out tii?' surveys by the Engineers of the (Company, i ic oust of the road in South Carolina, and the entiro L*ost of the road to Knoxville, the amount of subscription in the several Stales, the contract of the Blue Kidge Railroad in South Carolina with Anson ]}an?s-& Co. for tlio construction of the entire road, it also exhibited the sufficiency of means to finish the road in South Carolina, but a deficiency of 82,000,000 for the construction of the entire road, and asks aid to the amount of that deficiency. The Committee of tlio Senate, made an imjuisition into the facts stated in the memorial, and reported the result to that body; tho Committee of Ways and Means in the House recommended that the prayer of the memorial should be granted, and reported the Hill to " authorize aid to the Blue Widge Railroad Company in South Car olitia," jiikI .strongly urged upon the consideration of the I!uu.si; tho importance of the connection between ('harleston and Knoxville, to complete which aid was prayed hy the me uiorial. After this summary liow ntt mIv gr undle?-.< must your charges against 11??* oihenrs of the Company appear to l?e to every reader. And your own letter to Mr. tJar\ numi festa how groundless your charges arc to your own consciousness. I n rccoiumending the Statcsvillc connection, you contrast it with the IJlue llidge ltoud and urge the adoption of the former route, " as passing through a much richer, and penotra uii^ u> itre very region or country where the IJlue llidge is attempted to be built at an enormous cost to the State." By " the very region of country" you do not mean "the Georgia Line;" you mean that region of country which is to bo reached by the completion of the Bine Ridge 1 load to Knoxville.? You have forgotten to " note the words, to the (Jcorgirt line;" and when you have, in your argument, passed by the charge of a violation of the charter in spending money beyond the (ieorgia line, light is admitted to show that the Western terminus of the Blue Ridge Road is at Knoxville. This road is " attempted to be built ut an enormous cost to the State." By whom is it attempted to be built at an enormous cost to the State, but by the Blue Ridge Railroad Company in South Carolina'! You have forgotten the charge that-tho charter of that Company is restricted to the (ieorgia line, and that the olliccrs of the Company grossly violated their charter, ? ?,j *i. - i ?nu niitcu 111 diiu i.iiiii in applying any p<irt. ot their funds to tlie construction of the road beyond the Georgia line. If the charter is restricted to the Georgia line, and no money can he axpended beyond that line, how came you to argue in favor of the Statesville connection, against the lilue Ridge lload, that the former " penetrates the very region of country where the liluo Ridge Raid is attempted to be built at an enormous cost to tho State V i have before noticed your short memory in your statement of t he excess, of cost above the estimate, and of your short reading, in not seeing in Hie Act of 1854 the repeal of tho " lit!' section" of the Act. of 1852, when tho latter furnished an argumetitin support of yobi- charges. And ? havenow noted another injtimco of this freak of memory. Indeed (hero 801'idh to bu with you an opaque section in that faculty of the mind, whieh revolves with yojir argument, and obscures atono time facts in relation to tbo Blue Kidgc Road, which would oppose your conclusions, and nt another time admits them, when they favor your purpose. It would be better if that opttquo section wcro stationary. Then it would not betray you into inconsistences. nnving thus, 1 think, refuted your charges, I will refuto also the mischief which you specify ns the consequcnco of the gross violation of the charter, and of the bad faith of the officers of tho Company, viz: that tho funta which have bftdn expended in tho construction of tho road beyond the Georgia line, would have finished tho road in South Carolina. r? v.tM.inn** ~C #1? 1 J"! " - ??? vi mv in nm (Jonipnny, nt?d of the purpose for which funds were contributed by individual Bubseribcrn, 1 1 ? by the City of Charleston, and by the State, ! the officers of the Company have directed tho j construction of the road with a view to its i completion from Anderson to Knoxvillc.? j They have urged forward the work on the j tunnels and masonry, which are the most costly and tedious parts of the work, leaving the : light grading almost entirely suspended after : Bangs & Co. were dismissed, who had done ! nothing else. As the progress of tho work was reported to the Stockholders in detail, I this nolicv of the Directors was. in almost. ?>v J cry report vrliich they made, communicated to the Stockholders rfnd to the Legislature. In order to give the largest publicity to the pro| ceedings of the President and Directors, their i annual Report to the Stockholders has every year been published in all the daily papers in Charleston, and in pamphlet form sent to the Mayor and Aldermen of Charleston, to nil the Stockholders, members of the Chamber of : Commerce in Charleston, and largely distrib| uted among the citizens of Charleston and of | the State. As required by the charter, copi ies have been officially presented to the presij ding officers of both branches of the Legis| laturc ; and, besides laying a copy on the tai ble of every member, one has been mailed to ; their residences before the session of the Lcg| islaturc, in order that they might have time to i re;id it before they went to Columbia, and be- j came distracted by amusements and elections, or engrossed in business. You cannot or should not, therefore, have been uninformed ' of the views of the officers of the Company, j They have constantly avowed and published, j as they now do, that if the IJlue Ridge Hailroad is finally to terminate at the Georgia line, in the midst of the. Blue llidge Mountains, the addition it would make to the commerce of South Carolina, would fall very far short of compensating for the cost of its construction, j On this subject I will make a quotation onlv from the report of 1857 : " A specious exhibit- of progress may have I been presented in the grading uf the rond, if ! it had not been deemed unwise so to apply the resources of the Company. A little reflection must make it apparent that if the road were to terminate at any point of the, line short of Knoxville, or the navigable waters of the Tennessee at some other place, the road would not compensate for its cost. The construction of tin? road has been accordingly directed to the accomplishment of a connection between Charleston and Knoxville. The great obstacle to this important end ispresenI ted by the 151ue Kidirc Mountains. If the line of the road to the Rabun Gap presented only ordinary difficulties, the Blue Ridge Road would have been undertaken and finished long before this time. When the moun- I tains are crossed the extension of the road to Knoxvillc will be a certain consequence." I suppose every intelligent person in the State will concur in the opinion of the officers of the Company, that if the Road is to ; terminate at the Georgia line it would not compensate t >r it-: nost. The insufficiency of j funds to finis', the rond to the Georgia line, which you spcci'Y as tho mischief resulting irom tiic i;; 1 <1 uct of t!i<> oHicers of the 'yii!|?;ii> v is. tin n. on inis<-1 ticf at all. At tlii' iia/.'ivd of hf-in ' tedious I will fur- ! tlicr vindicate tin; officers of tho Company | from your charge of bad faith. L understand had faith to bo a violation of some trust or confidence reposed, it may be in the transaction of business, or in tho intimate relation of the parties. The bad faith you charge is comprehended in the first part of my definition. If a commercial attorney or agent I should engage in transactions boyond the scope of his authority, and not inform his principal of such transactions, but.conceai tl:jm, that I would be bad faith. But if lie. fnllv nnnrinrtrl Ilia principal from time to time, as often as he communicated with him, that he was engaged in transactions which were beyond tho original scope of his authority, and his principal did not disapprove or make any objection, that would make valid and bona fide the transactions of the agent, of which his principal has been so informed. The officers of tho Company ave the agents of the Stockholders. These consist of the I Stnto of Wlillfll nnrnliliil flln f'itiTrtf" Clin.lna I - > v"~ ~'v " ^7" ton, and the corporate and individual subscribers. The members of the Senate t nnd House of Representatives arc the "agents or proxies of the State for the Stock which it holds in the Rlue Ridge ltailrond Company. Even If it were admitted that the officers of the Company had violated the charter by the expenditure of money for the construction of the road beyond the Ceorgia line, yet if I show tlmt this expenditure was communicated to the Stockholders in every Annual Report of tho officers, the ehariro of hud fa5t.li is ro. polled. It would be tedious to quote from the report*, but I affirm that in every report since October, 1855, when I was elected President of the Company, the progress of construction, and-, of course, the expenditure of inoucy for work beyond the Georgia lmo, hns boon exhibited in detuil. No disapprobation lias bqen expressed by tbo Legislature, nor by any other Stockholder, to the present titno, though in the report of 1858 the expression of a want of conhdenco was suggested to the Legislature and other Stockholders, as the means by which the further expenditure of monov would be arrested. Bangs Si Co. wore dismissed in April, 1856. In the report, of 1857, you will find the following passage: " The Directors have no motive nor Vsire to delude the Stockholders (in the number of whom, by the State and City subscriptions, all tho oitizen# of tho State are comprized) into a fruitless expenditure of mortey, whon the I'residont was heard at tho Bar of the House of Representatives, at tho last session, on a petition of the Company, then under consideration, he cxpliaitly stated thnt, by tho failure of Hangs Sc Co., to perform their oontftcti tho portion of the cost of tho road for which they contracted to itjcftpt payment in Stock, as woll ?s tho diOe^ncp between the payment to them in Bonds at par, and Jm the prices nt which tho Bonds may bo Bold by tlic Company for the payment of the cost of the road (thcwholcsum estimated at 82,000,000,) would have to be supplied. He represented that aid'could bo expected from the States of .Georgia and North Carolina, the former nf wliinn lion n rivnl r<?nl nnnir.lnt.>J and the latter has expended a largo amouut, and is expending more towards the completion of a competing road through itu own limits; that moro aid might bo hoped for from Tennessee, but that SoutV Carolina should bo prepared, in the last resort, to supply the deficiency, lie further advised that unless the people of the Stato were prepared to do so tliey should at once stop any further expenditure upon the road." In the report of 1858, you will also find this passage : "On this subject (of aid to the road) tho Company can approach the Legislature with confidence." "Two years ago the Legislature was apprised that the road could uot bo ?? > vv?..ij/ivi.v;va imivoo no cDiisiruetiun wax assumed by the State, and a suspension of tho work was advised, unless the State was prepared to provide the sum necessary for its completion. If a resolution had then boon passed declaring a want of confidence in tho enterprise, tho work would have been suspended. Since that time a million of dollars have been expended, fruitlessly, if the State does not grant the Company's petition.? From tho inaction of the Legislature, (lie j Company was justified to infer acquiescence in the claim of which they were notified ; and certainly the directors were not authorized to arrest the construction of the road." I have thus, as I hops, vindicated the officers of the Company from your charges of a violation of tho charter and 1 ad faith, and have on the latter charge even exceeded the limits of a strict defence, in order to exhibit the conscientiousness and caudor in the execution of their trust. I repeat, that in one respect I do not regret your attack, since it has furuiscd an occasion to present to public attention the conduct of the officers of the I Company in a light which, I hope, will be I satisfactory. Your accusations havo produc j ed no irritation. My only regret is, that you should, on such groundless charges, have npI pcared as the public accuser of the ofticcrs.'? ! They had hoped for more charity from you, I and even a wanner and more gracious sentiment towards them. If, in the course of ! this defence, I have used any expressions j which may seem to be wanting in respect for I you, I did not so intend. I have long csi teemed 'your good sense and generous temper. But T fear your anti-Blue Ridge furor has prevented them both, so far as that enterprise is concerned. I Edward Frost. Brkckiniudgk in Virginia.?"We copy the following from the Richmond Enquirer. It gives cheering news : " The true and gallant States' Bights Whigs of Virginia are rallying to the support of the Democratic party, and attesting their earnestness by subscriptions to tho Enquirer and by the purchase of documents. From our country correspondents we learn the utter hopelessness of the Douglas divisions in more than tlirpn.fniirllio r\t ir:_ , .v^.vuu Wi V??V V/UU1111CB Ul V 11* ginia. " Since tho adjournment of the Charlottsviilo Convention the great work has been nobly begun, and from thin time onward will continue until Virginia sends greeting, in November, to her sister States, that she has again, as so often in the nast, overthrown tho (Mtnmiftfl of tho South and their deluded and I mistaken allies. " Mr. Douglas* stumping visit to Virginia will do much good to the Democratic party. | Tho ofliee of President is hold in such high esteem by tho people of Virginia, is regarded so far above the stump, that disgust and contempt has ever attended those who sought to degrade it to tho vulgar level of aa electioneering tour. " it is an unaccustomed sound for DcmoI crfits to Vmnr t.Vloiv nnrfv 4Vinr?/l?. ' - - - ...v.. j/..? vj niviiuo iiiunvij nuu villified as Mr. Douglas is doing, while he has no word of condemnation for Lincoln. lie is doing faithfully the work of a Black Republican emissary. lie utters no uncertain sound. The defeat of the Democracy, and tho triumph of Lincoln, are objects which cause him to stump the country. In nono of his spoeches has he uttered a sentiment against Air. Lincoln?in all, lie has shamefully and falsely assailed the men whose support he but recently sought. The people of Virginia nro not blind enough not to soo that Mr. Douglas' couduct is giving aid and comfort to Lincoln, and "his friends in Arirginia?true aud faithful sons of tho old Stato?will never follow him, leading, as he docs, to Black Republi- * canism." Murdkr in South Carolina.?An inOUCSt was hold on Snndnv nic^M. nn r ? J ~ """j of Isaiah Golding, who was stabbed by John Williams on tlio 19th instant, nnd died on tho 26th. It appears that 'Williams had been killing cattle unlawfully on'tho plantation of lion. J. II. Hannnond, when Golding'sson saw him and told on him. Whoroupon Williams beat hi Hi uuulj Ccldhsg, I've father, reruonstrsted with Williams, und struck him, whon ho wont off a short distanco, and his son, J. Williams, Jr., gave hiui his knife, when ho turned upon folding and ntabbod him in the i-cgion of the heart, inflicting a mortal wound. Both tho Williams wcro arrested, and are now in jail. The verdiot of tho. Coroner's jury was in uccomanoe witn the nbcve facts. [Awjutta Dupatch. An Irishman was once indulging in tho very intollcctiml occupation of Bucking ogga raw af d rending a newspaper. By roiiio misehnnoo he contrived to bolt a live qhickcn. Tho poor bird chirping as it wsnt down his throat, and ho very phlitoly obsored, " 3ir> the powers, mo ffaiiifrjflfpi rmolrr a little too late 1" r