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HI ?W1H Jll ?CD UJ] lS lltEESa m?:?. dV*frnMo - .. ., -* \ vy" ' ttuo us- t Mo& " - I I. I I , , ? I I . .1 Oils. I j _ . - , I .1 ' . II p "TO THIN]' OWN SFLF 15 H TRUU, AND IT MUST FOLLOW, AM THF NIGHT TIIF, DAY. TUOT1 CAN'ST NOT Til FN* HI' FALSI' TO ANY MAN." BY ROB'T. A. THOMPSON. PICKENS COURT HOUSE, S. SATURDAY, DECEMBER 4, 18;") VOL. X. :\0. ~'v>. j > GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE. 1 fellow Citizenh nj'l/te Hutatc and ILtiue of 1 Representatives ; : j Under the provision of a wise and well- t balanced Constitution, the clo.se of An to inn : bringt; with it the .season of deliberation for ' tho common weal. A.-sonihled, therefore, in j council, 1 greet you with a grateful heart, ecusioiy iiiipicsycu uy me mercies we Itavo .' csptfrionceu the past year, and with an ex- 1 prcssion (if my williitgiicsH and desire to ^ unite with yon in all that can contribute to ( the welfare f>f the State. t II i ? u?tiin my painful du' v to announce | n vacancy in the Senatcof tli . I aited Stales, j On tlic 7th of May. a dispatch front the seat of Government inforuu-il mo of the very sudden termination of Judge Ivans' useful life, i ' at tlie close of the dav hofore-~a dav occu- -v piod as usual by bis Senatorial labors. \ n On tlio 11 th. I received official informa- 1 tion of the melancholy event from the Vice , President of the United States. Full of years and full of honors, possessing an honest, good heart, and a mind sound, clear and vig- ' . o rolls tw the last, bis was the liappiness, at 1 the close of a well spent life, to render unto I his Creator the spirit which lie gave, at a mo- 1 lue.iit's warning, without regret, and whilst , at his post, engaged in the active duties of > ^ the high trust confided to him by the S a'c. , Attached to the Revolutionary history of his : country, and treasuring in his retentive 1 mem >i y much knowledge of its incidents,his ! 1 liiniiuaiuy wuii tno rums 01 law. and with i its judicial administration, rendered Ins in- I ?, dustriuus service on tho Senate's Commit- ! ( tbe*. oxeccdiiiglv useful to that b<>dv and j | valuable to the Government. Learning that 1 tho remains (if our valued Senator won; to lie ! interred at his own homestead, I instructed ! 1 my Aid-de-c.amp to proceed to the North-eas- ' < turn border of the .State, and attend them . i ?thence to their final resting place. In view < of the remaining days of tho session, and re- j , garding it unwise, under the circumstances ( then indicated, to transfer to the Senate one 1 of our faithful Koi>reseutntivo? in the lower ' llousc, the inclination of my mind was not j to fill the vacancy by an appointment. J3nt i < on learning that it was tho desire of the | j l>eleu;ation to Imvo the seat filled, I forthwith j ; appointed the gallant Co!. Arthur P. llayne ] to repair promptly to tlic Onnitol. His eon)- ( mis.iioM, dated the 12tli of May, was to continue until the fourth Monday in November. ('22d innt.) I now submit to your wisdom and 1 di*crcyinn. the election of a successor in the < until Mm nf ??r?v f <!)? ????_ txnired term of tho la.e lion. Jo-iah livans. riiorctjiii.stsc ntaiool in the sesi lotions of the la-<t General Assembly, ha*eIcon eoiuplioil with a* f<ir as practicable. In respect to the work of deepening llie channel of the river, l>y the city of Savunnnh, application was made to tho I'residont of the United States, who promptly responded through the i AS'ar Department, l?v seu'ling tlio intelligent rtfllior III nf fill* K? /ivnloiii *I?a V'"Y b" ** |w",i ??? ?*? v.?*|/m??? i.?v plnn of tho Scicntino ttofiwl wli> projected it. li s diagram was laid before inc. (tlio Attorney General ami sovoral members (if the late Legislature being present,) ami bis opinion seemed to be well founded, that in all human probability tbo prosecution of the work to i the limited extent described, would produce no injury to tho Carolina side, nor impede tho navigation uf the Savannah Hack lin er. This opinion was ooncurrod in by (lenoral Totton, tho able Chief of tlm United States f\f UnifiniiAfo v ' J'" V4 7. t t Tlio statue of Washington, to winch my message of last November alluded, as having liven proposed by the lamented Senator Butlor, wn? completed hooii after. Ascertaining in March that tho artist wiv obliged to dispose of his work, ami being certified that it was valuable [ took it for the Stat#, ut ten thousand dollars, advancing two thousand dollars froiu tho contingent fund. 1 now ask an appropriation of oight thousand dutliiid, to ooiupiuiu iiio purchase unu compensate fully tho ingeniousartist. The stati.n If !.-? 1? mv m vi Mn/iu? . it uni urrn |>iiu:uii in un; Orphan House ground*, in Charleston, under tliecsire <?'f the city authorities, until 11 o N'oV State lfouso shall be Mtffioiontly finished to render it safe in the State grounds here. Tiib JJrqukst ok Jackson.?At the request of Col. JO, (J. W. Bs.tler. of Louisiana, a favorite ward of Gen. Jnckson, and by authority from M-. Audie\v .luckson, the heir and executor of the testo'atnr, I bestowed, on the 4th of May last, his bequest to tlio '^patriot 1 of South Carolina, m nt valiant in defence of < his country's riifhts." umin the President o( the I'ahnelto Association. and his unocessnrH ( in oliee, it? tn|.v for Oio la-u survivor ?f" I ho S.tntii Carolina Uegiaiont >f v duntoers in tlio ivft'r with M u prtpl iy k.i iwn a< the 4' I' l met > Koghnont.' This was done by jtrncl.iinuti n, (wliicbif reo<>:dod ill tlifi fieirotary of StnfiV^ Olike, at Columbia, in b" k i A. A , Miscellaneous Keoords, page 373, on the second annivor?ary of tlio Association. , which id compose 1 of tlio members remaining of that dovo'od rouimont. Thin was an occasion of most arntotul interest, as the A'Biciutioii was privileged to entertain, as their 1 iuMpijni mm gucsi, ino roppccteu mm n?vo(i 1 Qnitman, wh->, as 51:tfitr Opaorol in tho Uni> to>l Suite* Army, oommandod tho divituoil in ; vrhit'h tho 4op:imcnr. sorvod hi tho Valley :?f , Met#. Un bought as it wns, and iinquoHtioned ns it must ovor be, thu tontimony of that gallant uoMier ami Hterling patriot, in > fuvor <>f tho courage and conduct of the South : Carolina Volunteers, is pricoless to them? < iiriooloHR to tho State which sent them to tho : [eld. Mournful, noy, is my tiuk to un- j noutice hiidonth. Thin oration was his last, llo pronounced it boforo the Palinbttn Association, on tho 4th of May. lto breathe.I bis last, at homo, tranquilly, on the 17tli of Jo- 1 ly?and hi* remains lio on torn bed near the city of Nutohoz, on tho loft bank of tho MiuHiKsinpi. faithful. juf|t ami kind to our broth- i cm. while Rorvin<r as Koldlorn in >1 forobrn , land, wo honOrod and lAf<ylliim living?and ( now lot our pmVflra ascend U> the gond (Sod i to rccoivo him Villi approbation into evorImtifi^ habitation*. 1 Kaii.WAYh.?Urent credit i? due to the enterprising oitixons wWhave i<roMoc?te(t 1 YtritVv tth/i Ut?sI/IAUU Mi/t /?Ai?uh.iKrt?!/u? 1 tt ivii v,,v,(<y vuunn uv''iv?r of now facilities of traDMportatiou for pna- 1 sengere nnd produce. It ia notorious tlwt 1 travel and trade both ineresso rapidly in 1 proportion to improved, faciliticH, and ao 1 L ^ icct ssnvy to tlic public do those facilities 0011 become. that no railway is allowed to >e discontinued, however profitless it may je to its projectors. Indeed, where the miprietoi.s in the vicinagearcstoekholhers, ho road cannot be said to he profitless, even ilthough it be far from yielding a dividend. I'lie capital thus invested in South ('aroliia innv ho nut ilnwii ;if S>1X <1(114 (1(111 i " " I - V"' vluch stun the State holds shares nniountn<r to $2,iJ42,t500,) and the extent of milvay iu working order at 5)00 miles. The .'hnrloston and Savi.nnah Railroad beyond he Kdisto ; the Union and Spartanburg \ailroadbeyond I nionville; the Blue liidgu lailroad beyond i'endleton, are all under he active agency of their skillful and eiti ient officers, iu a course of successful coni - <:.i ' ?.? uuv^uii. - hum vwnuviv;iii;i: 111 i;wi'\ UIK*, iiiil trust to sou, at no distant day, the first inking our commercial capital with the (lull >1 Mexico and Now Orleans, the second uid third with the Mississippi and Ohio. I'bo work lust mentioned, which I visited n September, is progressing through its carrier of granite with much order, rojruarity and certainty. Nothing seems to be vantiug to its completion iu the course ol hree years hut an ample supply of means. L'wciity-two hundred feet of tunnel had heen ;ut. into the Stump House Mountan, (thir y-six hundred remaining.) Sincc that iino th<> middle tunnel lias been completed >o far as t<? admit the passage of a horse and ?uvt. The masonry at Twenty-six Mile L/'reek, Seneca Kiver and elsewhere, is ad tancing satisfactorily, and soon the can ivill he steaming up to the foot of the mouu Lain. The change which is going on in tin region through which it passes, must hi witnessed to he realized. Indeed, it is not sufficiently realized by the inhabitants o [he vicinage generally, but the loss to th mi 11* Mil III Kn UWitjf *1 .IVMIV* ??v uivrpu niuuj iv;<uuiv;u ^uinilii till work, by any possibility, bo stopped. 1 Lvuinot bring myself to think of such a pos ability to a work in which the pride of tlx State, as well as the welfare and incstiniu< ble value of a closer and more direct asso station with our neighbors of Tennessee Kentucky, Alabamaand Mississippi, is eon corned. So important do 1 hold this inter oniniumeation tuns, tliat 1 bolicvo it wil bo the policy of tlic State, as soon as the route by the Rabun (lap is conipletod an<: in full operation, to lend her means, witl the skill and energy of her engineers, U pushing forward another route of travel t( Kastcrn Tennessee, by either the Green ville or the Spartanburg Road. Bonds foi the last enstahnent of the Statosubseriptioi to the Blue Ridge Railroad of ?200,000 was signed by me on the 25th October last Militia System.?Tlio militia system though far from being perfect, and ad milting of amendment in certain details wo must not be induced to abandon beeaus* rifits interference with the convenience o :i citizen, or the exaction of iines from de faulters oblivions of their public duties.? It has produced in the service of the conn try some of the best soldiers outside of tin rouular army. The days of 177ti-80. inns never become so remote, nor can the mem ory of a gallant ancestry bo so forgotten a: to permit their posterity, the men of tin dny, however great the love of e.isc, to over look the fact, that their liberties, as well a the public peaee, are in their own keeping anil depend upon their own vigilance am ability to protect and defend them. A any and all moments the citizen is liable t be called into the field. IIow important therefore, that lm should not only cultivate steady habits of temperance and obedience himself, but also encourage them in other ?how important, by associating at innate: with the men in his beat, to know who wil be reliable in the time of trial, upon whon he may depend for the confident touch o the elbow when facing danger, or in com bat. This bond of confidence is soon form ed among the members of tho vohintcci company; the samo may be realized by t person wlio litis done his-regular tour o duty in tlie bent company; upon the m.in whose study is bow to avoid duty, nil rca jotting will be lost. Patrol duty is too generally overlooked In reviewing the several regiments in tb< ^t ite, I was gratified to find the office ri generally with 'whom I cmmunicatcd, in telligimt and intent to know their duty, ni well as wilJingaml justly proud todischarg< it. T<- their nuuibor, the graduatingclass us of lite Citadel Acad Mi?y nununlly adr jlheers already insti uctc.1 and trained ? A*nong the (i?norfl)$ of Division and Brig ide, I rccogn'isod a p:-oper estimate of theii position, together with :i knowledge of niu \ : nn iiiiuii IU UHI.MCMB, which trmrjc; mil u xi.vp increased confidcnooin the usejfulncft nil value of tho Ryxtoiu, Tho latoIJriga Jior Genera! J'o eitl-r F. Smith, of tho IJni ted Stito* Avuy, ono of the most elficionl md intelligent ofli'jcra in the wervico, was ippointed from tho militia of his Stato.? I fa it \vrt4 who planned the battle of Con / .. t . ? .i Kivi'in, miu innw wiliuil w id lUUglll. Ill C.IK Valley of Mexico?tho critic:! event upon which depended the fortunes of the Ainer ictiii Fins*, and tho fate of tho army. No thing eonld have been more boldly design id, or more xkilll'nlly executed, tlinir tun brilliant blow dealt so effectively upon i!i? cHeniy at tho break of day. ^ :?i*.I?i a?!. i--.is a 11? oww - vj,:i linn mill ?7Ui:icty iing much information and ciicoiuagciueul Mnonggt fancier*, whowo domcfltic habiti ire not favorable to aggregation-, and who therefore, are always benefitted by the afcim iiIuh of agricultural exhibitions. District societies havo been organized, and Fain held at many places, in preparation for the great animal meeting oftlio Stale Society. The Fair just closed exhibited stock of all kinds, implements of husbandry, fruits and grain of superior order; besides very numerous specimens of ingenious handiwork, many of which are but recently dove < pod. The assemblage of substantial nonulation was very grout, nmong whom premiums were distributed to a lurgo amount. The Fixeeutivo Committee will publish, in the course of the winter, a volume of proceedings, in which will be found a programme of the agricultural schools in France. Finanok and Banks.?The report of the Comptroller (loneral will explain the: condition of tho finances. The permanent j debt of the State, including one million : liftv-one thousand four hundred and twen- | I tv-two U'.I-KIU dollars (SI ,0ol ,132 (?D- M)0) ' United States surplus revenue on d posit, amounts to four million four hundred and forty-lour thousand one hundred and si\tvfive 05r100 dollars (84,444,105 05-10U,) three-fourths of which sum is invested in railways and in the erection of tho New State (Jupitol. The sink-in;; fund now amounts to 81,8i.'>,80?? JJT-lpO, which, in j my opinion, .should he mvosUI in St ate i ! .-locks or bonds. Ofthc -An . !< signed under j (lie Act of ISnO by tlio (!?; ernor and the Comptroller (leneral, for building tin; new i I State Capitol, ninety-two certificates have I been issued, equal to two hundred and fifty thousand dollars (82f)U,00U,) the remain der have been cancelled and left in tin} ; bauds of the Treasurer of the Lower I >i vision. Of tho stock authorized by the. Act : of I S,"?T, forty-six certificates have boon is sued, *?ivim 1 to three hundred thousand dol t Invs, ($<500,000,) the remainder have been f cancelled and loft in the hands of the Treasi urcr of tlio Lower Division. The m; terial > structure itself is advancing with sure und reasonable progress, so as tooxhihil the fine proportions of the basement story. The ! public archives have not been removed, however, the order for the removal not h;?v- j ing been made by the two Houses I bog ] . leave to refer to the (Jovernor's MeKsurm \*o i - 3, of last v?\'U\ touching tliis subject. On the books of the Branch Bank of theFtite I at Columbia. there is a balance of-Sl ,(>50.00 at credit of the fund for the relief of the I widows and orphans of the Palmetto Asso> elation. As to the bnnlw, trusting to the ) experience and .superior wisdom of mem* ) bers, 1 will not occupy you with u?v sujr gestions of my own, farther than to ask for r i the repeal of the usury laws, and (;t recomi uieud stability and as little legislation oh , possible. I would willingly diminish the . number of banks when existing charters , expire. But, having once chartered a bank - upou a basis ensuring due responsibility, i , would trust its Hoard of Directors to man j age the monopoly upon the rceognized prin f eiples of banking, and the governing cours ? - of business, interfering not by temporary - laws, harsh restrictions and penalties, b<;i. i i .1 . .i - in-N inj-T. us t no, uiai, nit; proai. seou.ity to i the community lor the faithful manrtgeiuent t of n hank is to ho found in the character - of the persons by whom it is administered, n Tuk Law.?Referring to the tonus of <i my message of last year, I take leave again - to recommend the revision and codiGcntion s of the criminal law, and its amendment, so ;, aa to provide for the punishment of brcach1 es of trust and the embezzlement of funds, t The district offices or generally in good or9 i dcr, and kept for tHe most part in airy apart, | uionts of well located court houses. There o j are one or two exceptions as.to the location a or manner oi inuiuing tlio court house, ? which I doubt not the Solicitors will r?r quiro tho Commissioners of Public iiuild1 ings to.rectify ns lar as may bo. practicable, i A.s little time as may be .should bo allowed f to elapse before tho defects arc remedied. - Some of the public records aro now expos cd to damage from damp and mould. The r incumbents of those oflvoey 1 have uniforml ly found to bo intelligent and obliging citf izens. In umny of tho Clerk's olVioes there ni'o lviiur In flirt ufatr innunnAiio ?aiv5/.o a^M.a i ??i vy ?j tn c??*- *??? j uuuiui mio in nu> - Acts aiul Resolutions of the Qonoral Assembly accumulating from year to year.? . It would bo well to have theso and hercut j ter all surplus copies of the Acts and Res * olutions distributed in the mouth .Janu - ary, annually, to the several Hoards of Dis* triet Commissioners, the Captains of Heat 3 Companios, and othor citizens, in the (lis - cretion ot tlio (Mork ami the Sheriff; eueli 1 rcoi|>i(Mil being required os.ly to register liis - ntunc in a book kept for that purpono by - the ('lurk. The jail ill tuany districts lias r been removed to n di.stuneo from the court 1 houso. 1 doom it wise to mjuiro, where > this is the case, that the Sheriff provi Jo a > covered cOnvoy.iiice for the prisoiu-rs whom - duty ob!i-j;o.s him to pass to and from the 1...II ..? ? iv I- 1 ii in in juniiuc. jvtuupus. nnrv uccu more t frequent the past your than I am willing to i enumerate. Tlio officer# in charge arc res ponsihlc tor escapes, but I think each jail hIiouM be furnished with a wall around it, s for tho double purpotso of security and fcxi erciso of the prison era. iwiws are enacted for the genernl welfare atul benefit of sofliety. Founded in reason - and common sontso, they ure shaped by ox. nu i i . 1 - ^ - tj pvi luin/^> in<! JltJllill ?itw ?M lliliJICU I ally fur llvo protection of the community by i punishing iiMlivicIu.il criminal", o.Tundoi-s against tlto jwaeo and good older -of society t ?thereby holding out to all such as rtifty ? bo tonipted t(? follow their examplo, a be, nevolont nnd wholesome warning. Hcncft, . regarding the oriininnl law as having for its t ultimate oad, reformation, fts mill na for its \ immediate objcct, duo puftisbmont of tho wrongdoer, I have sometimes in eonnnuta- j n tion substituted one kind of punidinieat ; t Cor another, whore it s mod lo me, upon t the representation of reliable eiti'/.ons in the e vicinage, there were sufiiciont grounds for j f such interposition. In a very few instan- j ( cos, full pardons have been granted for the 1 want of facilities for separate a.id solitary t oontineinent. At Charleston and Coluui- la bia?the points at which your (\iurt uf Ap- j t poals assembles, or at some salubrious lo- j i oality, accessible at all seasons of the year; J i such facilities ought to b provided as soon t as the state of the trea ur\ will permit, not j . in substitution, but in aid of the I r.v pies \ r?rili.n<f cMml il nnm?]iu?i?nf t?? "(>? ! no "oorto ! , - ""I I v ' I It is much to bo regretted that uiidor a > .<ystem of sound laws, with incumbents of! reputed worth and character in oxo/ulivc. | judiei d and police olTiees, and with eiti/.ens soliciting olliee, as soon as vacant, it . houhl J I.) doomed necessary in any p.irf of the Slate to enforce, and maintain law by iii":inn : of clubs and vigilant committees. If it be odious to administer the law, let no oib.vr he appointed for this purpose. Ir it be noccssai v for a faithful oilieer to apihi/ise ; to the public whenever he dees hi: dit'v. j the law will become, a imwli >rv :i -1 :i ii:r>v<? pretence of justice, l!;o oJVu r a vi lV.d v.~ ; i and expensive pai-vnut. Or l r in su.it !v, | I peacc aud good understandinj; .unon;_rucjj;h- < bovs, is best attained by adherence to law 1 on tl\o p >rt of all persons, and is preserved ! 1 by faithful and cflieiont officers. Policy : demands certainty of punishment, and for i s the first, offence this, may prevent the ne- j ' ourresico ot the second. 1" tlie manage-j j incnt of charitable Mid trust fund*, I sug- I jest that the us t!i.: v on, i>u >joined by law to iv |P >e ]<> ,n>: to be s . u:,>,d ] by mortgage c*et it- instead o! pars.) : i nal surety, < r to inwst in st'ie! of thi ! State, i rvili als.i ve.it tiro to u rr- I that I i administrators, trustees, and .u .) -u should not use, in their Ini-i11 > - tioiis, the funds entrusted to the.' 1 H j oati' and distinct accon ( e({U'.l ac uracy am! c.ire, wii. u.; luorc satisfactory to both go. a di..n . ward, and more productive of sai'c pv r< ! dents. fkdhitar, Hki.attoxs.? Herewith I transmit resolutions from the Legislatures ' of certain StatcsofthoConfedoraoy. Thn?e from New York and Now Jersey relate to 1 the Lighthouse Hoard, and to certain provisions for the relief of persons and property ship wrecked on the coast; those from Texas, expressing sentiments of eommon interest to our citizens. will command your attention; those from NVw England do-j nouncc, as usual, our system of domestic | slavery, together with the late decision of i the l. nited Suites Supreme Court. This j i species of, apt at ion, sectional ami di.orgun- ! i/.ing, proceeds from persons who seem to ! be incap.ihle of entertaining ju.-t sentiments [ towards their neighbors, the people of the Southern Slates. True liberty consists in the will and the power to perform our duty ' to God and to our neighbor. 11 is service is only perfect freedom. The members of a Legislature who can thus resolve, ue.se- ' crate the name of freedom, and prevent i its mcaninir. l!v havborinc such feelings ! towards their neighbors who sanction and cherish African slavery as a domestic insti- j tution, inherited from their fathers, they | expose themselves to the imputation of he ) ing faithless to the Constitution, from the preamble of which thev uuote. The reso- i lutions do not.merit a response on you part, j " One of the expedients of party to ao-! quire influence in their particular districts. ; is to iuur>mr<M>nt. (bi? nii'ni.iiiq nn.l %!. ^n!' other district*." The faithful and distinguished I! presentativc of your Sixth (,'otiv;ivss'oi)al I >i~ j triet ha.i opportunely vupiodut'i d. and ably stated, the ; r^unient for free trade, and against a protective traiff. 1 tru-t t!i it the argument bow rocojrnized in all civilized j Europe will not have lost it piwrin \ ncr ten, conibatted though it may b by oi'ianiv.ed interests hostile to its pnvjrvss, which know too well how to acquire in!lu ^ice at j the seat of llovcruniout. There cm be no j excuse based upon the oxi^er.'.ii-'s oi'govern- 1 incut for even raisi..<{ tiie seal'' of impost.-*. { so loo<r as t.'m Kt itc- li<.1:1 mi :1. i.> 'i -i ! ! ??? ! hiiiftribt iiiiiiv.'y lit the credit of the i.nited States Treasury. The lapse of thuo hiis served to show how true, how prophetie wore the words of warning, uttered by our wise and far-soe'iiv.; stnS'-Miion n.vir tiiirly years ago* Tho lust wndsot their d stiiipttished lends:", aduivssed to tlio Senate of ?l... ?:11 ! I w.hj * i11toil ouiu^, miii rni r 111 mil' ?'ir*? ; they cannot be Ibrftottsu by tlinu^htfuliucii,! North mid bouth. Flight y?urs hayp pa.w- ( I od since hd rfftoke. Wo 'ar.Miot stronger relatively now tliaii then. Indeed, Wo can no longer iS<jjut tothb equilibrium in the : Senate which then obt .incl, t*?o\ifl;h in n 1 condition just now of <jui?; prosperity and of comparative hai'moitj". w'.iieli lnuyeinTuro 1 until an election for President and Vice Preadout- This election, every fourth yen 1 . sbciIih destined to l?^ the alKilbsorl \'ij? 1 ;rt ?.i.:,.i 1 ;i.. 1 I "I" " " "MV1I uiiMUj.'jMi y nniMi lif |nnu j everything, even |.!ie intfljr:ity of t!i * Union. j i To operate upon it elVeofivi'y. parties be | i coma national? irrcppotisil)!e ,coi>voiitjons ' are. Convoked, and so pow&tjul i.s their 0Y- ' ! ganization that nocit'uen in likely to ho ro-1 oogniy.eJ as having a claim to Federal lion j ors or (hMtutotiou, unlessfrho attach him;>uli'| to ono or tno other national party. If ' trii.i. thn unW.vht'ttlui l)itiiini>i':iauhu(ni# .uli-i in power, is jtestified in uniting its pat tit in , oombination, to r&jist the pppoMlioti \yffj<.h I has combined ?jrainst it. Tint hour with j *%'" f! 4 * lie while I again throw out the caution tliit ti his condition of things is not favorable t< 1 r In; rights ol" th > ,St ilos, leads in^.-n ibly t > ', o onsol'datlon, and to the introduction oi' influence's, s-> fatal to lU-publi ail ' x." i 1 . .11 i 1 ,, ICl.ll, W Ull 1' I U I 10 in our Federative Republic, which, like e he solar system, i:s preserved is: cqv.ipoh:- ' imI harmonious benelieent operation by t lie reciprocal inllucuce of its ii tecyal in- | : ore is. '1'iu! undue preponderance of one I c ?r more tends to destroy the equilibrium of j f .he whole, and consequently its existence, j > Ml the parts are r< qionsible for this, as j ,vi !! the weaker for voiding without a struj;- i " >le, as the stronger lor arrogating: too uitich j '< nfluenceaud power. Infortunatcly, there ' ire too few persons, comparatively speaking ' vho seem to be alive to the policy of the la-uc.s, or tu uo sensible l int upon their m- , 1 lividunl conduct depends in >:nj degree, ( ho responsibility for it.s su."i\*ss. ' Tliero arc Southern men of wealth, s loubtlcs.s, who expend the most, of tlioir ' "irplus profit? in Northern invest ments and ? >bj.;et.s of pleasure. It lias been estimated i:it some forty mill: ms of <1**11 irsofSoutli- J rn income have buen disbursed in ;i fdriide ,oar, ti?>) tli of t>io Potomac. A jnst regard <s > our own ititor-. ! would s 'om to require :| bat our uvp:us ino >nie be laid out int" oitlii- ' M'D securities, in improving tbe homestead. s wLiinin;;' and draininjr waste lands, <*nlt rating jrrounds, and pushing railways i\t-t I iiul west betw.en the Atlantic siml Missis- 1 sippi, and still westward to tlie Pacific.? riirco millions of surplus profits invested in ' in iiipieduet from t!i riv? r S oittv to <'liar ' leston, along the line i?f the Northeastern ' Iti'lrnid. would go far to pvottvt t'i" comiicrci. 1 i*i.ipt>rsttiti of the St.ito from the < rt'ul pestilence whi li too ol'ton infects > iv r .-treetn. When this forty millions of i ii .ii'V i> added to the still larger sum, that 1 : i- ?(>! n n t'iui nt' llu- I'i.iI.? .! \w.\- , i r I!*:' ordinary ojiorntitm of t?.c ' ; ! ? Mie snnin cause ol the thrill 1 o,'.hern cities. villages and 1 u-nifest. Far be it fro in ' wide spread benefits o: ^ 1 i' .; ?. iind tbo perpetual inter- i 1 r! . . ilj-.tcs between tbo people 1 ' of . ? i : of our country; but the! uno'ju .! intercourse is noticeable a>i tending j to blind with prosperity the one section to the dements of its true interest, and to rend"i* the other too tributary and provinoially denendent. Let lis not shut nor eve* i against the truth, but uniting in harmony with each other diligently, and in faith perform tho duty that liw nearest to us. Let us contribute what wo can, collectively and individually, towards the power of the | State, by its improvement in knowledge, in I agriculture, and the useful arts, in intern;;! ! commerce with the We^t, l?y railways and publL* roads, as well as fostering a direct ] export and import trade. Above all, lot ' us cuhiv.it.' t!ii>so moral virtues, those in- i ( dustrions ami domestic habits, which ren- j ' der our beloved State an agreeable ami hap- i ' py home to her people, and these mure in- 1 dependent?at the same time that all her ' Federal obligations are scrupulously observed. | In the latter part (the 27tli) of An .crust, ' a vessel was sent into the harbor of Charles- ] ton, a prize, with three- hundred and six native Africans on board, having boon, on : the 2lst of tho same month, captured by j ! the I'nited States schooner Dolphin, off the i : coast of Cuba. Thirlv-ewht. died after I coming into port up to the ^Oth of September, when the remainder wore shipped on j board the I nited States steam frigate Niagara, and have been sunt to A Trie;1, in ; i-'iin'uc ol'a Uovernujent ?the Colonization j Society having agreed, for one hundred and ' fifty dollars each, as f understand, to take el'.ai u of litem for two y \ars. Many have j sinee died at sea up to the Ulid ultimo, at which date we h;:vc accounts of the Niagara at St. Yinccnts. N<> in<t inee, perhaps, could have better served p> present, in strong relief, the de votion to law and order of the people ol Carolina. The officers of the Government v. re not molested in the discharge of what I ney d'ViiH '.i l:j?r?r uuiy. I cannot oinil. howvir, in Itii ijjing the facta to your vi<Jw, W>,express in?'re rr^t aft their oceurrcncc, which produced unwonted cxcitcincnt in n quiet community, by the exhibition of :i species of tr.iiViO long sineo abandoned in t the I nitcd Stilted. If there be any treaty wiii<*ii sanctions such interferenco with the \ commerce ol" the inhabitants ofCilhi, snc!) treaty has b.>cn framed in disregard of thv ' sound advice of Washington?not "to en- j: tangle our peace and prosperity in tl.e toils ) of Kuropeaiv ambition, or intereHt or c-j; priec "Btoer elcarof permanent allian -eft j | faith any portion of tho foreign world''?j ' anu ougnr to in' ?ui'0;*:if 1 wnce witlnn i onr port, it wuh liuiiiiinu to laud thy sufl'er- : ing prisoners-, in Qrdor to ivU'hhk them from thoir cr.ui)]v.'tl (look, nnd to u ii') for tliem. ' J-'liey yruro wi!! cared fur until tninst'erivd ; fir. board tlio Ni?i}> .n?. w'tero ;d*o tliu/ r.sBclVod evfirv proper nttontioh. Hut the propriety of t!?ui diverting tlio vesscjl, with i(:? cai^o. Mom it.-i de,stimid channel, nnd iijrUsting it u oiler tlio m Wcc o<* our poo|)l?v, | i* what, may ho tmioih L truU that a liko I'iirto-iiuiy>fioi again occur \tithin oar bonier.^ Tho I 'VT'o''CoM'tn ? :, hy authority of wh: ' i! o'Titicra \Vuro fcovftrricl! 1 hope ' V ? . 1 -iiut aiuQnuod. It if enough i - ' vy of tho ,Cnit<ul States ijo ... ..i. .voting tjHsslave trade o'i\, .'\triCd and our owi? | iiml r iC ' C'.uo 0<)D:?''.Uk I ion. !( - ourpiliiv to let foreign nation* ^nhit? their own afV.iii.-, and enforce their w is p >Jie<\ l'l>ic \ rioN?The fund bomiontlvM! hv Ucxnnder Downer, deeensftd, tor I!io support ot'n school in Kdgetield District, exceds twenty thousand dollars (8-0,000.) 'he accounts are settled nntitially before he Commissioner in Iviuitv of Hiluv.fiohl. inl the provident cm re of the (Minncollors ?f the Court of Kcjuity, is especially invoksd in' the liberal testator?thev, doubtless, vill be faithful in guarding the sacrcd .runt. Not having been able to visit the ;eliool, 1 'commend it earnestly to the ineHigent notice ot' tho delegation of Kdircieid 1 may be permitted to make the like ippeal In t!ie Abbeville delegation, for the la 1 iiA7'o scli' Jl in their district. Sonic tortion (if tin' land dcvi^d for fin* support it" this .- ho il lr s been sold, In leave of the j-'gislaturo, which. I think, ought to he rein order t;> preserve rutin- the territory. ns i' was originally 1 'ft and intend' >d by the testator?which seems well adapted for a sliiv p-walk. Connected with u n- i... i:i ?i? t > the last Gcn-rul Assembly to i < 1 i pup 1 to one lit the agricultural oii<mis of l'ran e, I receiv.'d froth the civil ttenti>.i of thi* Minister d'Agriculture c t 1' lustru. tion, a programme of the said ;::ioo:s. snowing tnc course ot instruction iih! the f This programme, of which ! urui.-l:, '\ ;i translation to the President, ;f the Si>te Agricultural Soeit ty in Januiry 1 !>;. w.;~ aeeo up micd hv a graceful tenler from the Minister of France of his hose )H\ -cs towards a son of South Carolina, who ihouhl he ncomtnenrloil hy the Governor. The pi liool Mipportcri hy the 1'crcsfor 1 jountv. see: to bo flourishing. The fund o i Acncfomh > ami hicrh schools have been nultiplied, 1 f11i11 a fr\v years, in the sev ral districts? . sj? f iallv for the education .I" u'irls, upon whose moral and mental, as veil as physical development, depend so nui h the future welfare of society. ?Susliued generally by sectarian influences, 'i y supply extensively that liberal culture? ind discipline by means of which the minds of our ingenious yonth are strengthened nnd prepared for the active duties of life.? ludor the wholesome influence of intelligent and more devot"d Commissioners, increased usefulness has been realized from the funds appropriated for the ' support of lu ce Sijlnx is. J o insure the fullest success these!.(x'l.i must be con side rod tree, in the best .souse ui the word, for tlio admission ol'tiio child run of any citizen. I cannot omit to invoke, for this precious charge of the State, the devoted personal attention of pitiiotie citizens in ;ill tlie districts. Tlie unproved sysieni (if instruction which ia successfully pursued under the direction of [no i> >i?l-ii oi st. l'liiup s iiiid >t. Michael's, is worthy of your patronage ?nd of general mutation. In order to afford to every part jf the State an opportunity to witness iUr ucyess and disOUss its merits, tlie teachers ihro'.i_ bout t lie commonwealth were invited by me to assemble in Charleston, im the Ursfc rt'vek of <1 line, and examine for tlreiuselre* its practical operation. 1 am bayny to have it in my power to bring to the notice of all persons engaged in teachings Carroll's 1 * ( 1 : t t; v. it nf'l Tnifnrl 11 " ? v ..V>. VI ?' v. VVI UVUl VU I I :C(V'l > , it ?m:ill work of jypcnt vsilun to schools, prepared by one of otinr fVllow-citizons, himself tin experienced teacher. A Normal School was authorized by tho last General Assonibly, t<> !? established in Che city of Ghnrlefitl?m. Its su -cess has boon secured l?y the liberal .?ub.s;>riptio.'is of individuals a id so cieties. ! tru'st thai yowr Honorable Cody will in>t fail, before its linal adjournment, to provide for the orgiinidation of another Normal School in the upper or middle portion of the St.-to. Certain gencroui ci'tiz.'ns o ('! a. lostoii have commenced a subscription., also, fur c-t:dl;shiii? and inairt lining si Marine School afloat in their harbor. This benev dent design is worthy of encourage.:!.cut. Tn ?.* Smith ('iPrtitvi ( 'r?? i ??/'? ?-T flourish n.u; ct? . liti-m. It m.inlicrs tv?'.e?liiiiiiiisiioil l is Mi.oh. l?v ?n no of necCs'-tvrv ili' i iiilitio i n tin- | art t)u< FnooHv, wmyh hits -cvV ;i snlutfti'V iuflnpheei. The greu<0.- po: iion ? ('-<yoi:i4? urchtlcmcn who weio uii'ooicil l>v its oiienttioii, mo njrain irv i!,<>; ........ tt.A .1. r:,. . . ....... .... . i.v.11 <1.1 n - "1 IIIVI I" I'lllNM I Vdcrmjimoinl tliat the TrnsiVc*bc'nutbofiiod id pliico a Kclioliiridtlp at tho service ??f tlitr OhiiiFO't iii C Hope, dl Ki <k':ne(J. lleg? in Alll;i\illo, il>o I'ti.iinui C.iUfwQ,in Ui oenvillc, [IiP W find College and o!. J bn'jj CollojKc in Sfjur i;;'nlm.g, ami Mur.n! Zio'd Col logo in Fairfield, I li'>v? 'but tlie-o fl. urfcbiug In'His n! learning will lie invited. ni:d b& Induced to ktVp nno sun'.oiit ??l lljoir own :olocli.>11 ill\V:i\ K at llto Honill C':i?v?lil?:i .0- llo^sj IVqo of any obargo fur tuition, to bo p?lij< < :, liowevbr, t<> tlio nsi'.ftl etttni'natioii b\ (l;o I icul'V iiin! tn ill tlin CulUijjfc laws. Our n'.-MCiU of CoJloirinK- ntlucfttlnil lean pnr.vn up is Mij;;?<!rUO<l hy lite v.'iiWh of MK-iety. tiiul in wurtUv ol .l,c li;\ 1'iiiuiouH i?\ippt>rt of nil it* luinp in'eht piYrt*! I.i thf chunjvpg plrc'c i?f jTOiiiw, new qticftflou* o ntinunllv iirirc nnd iww h in<lr4 of opitri.jwblifcojjfo iliC i f par lio.-t. liui then- im> topic.' wl?idi i.ovor lofO liieir iiiibiOMts, l?C0?Vfj0 thov tiro continue wita the i <>f ihu'.oijr. is tlio i-iUf c of piUu'.fltldii.Tho ?im<- -will never cinno wtwSft ifc own he Rfiii itWWM 11 matter of iiuiiflVrunctf-.lpw )>nl>lie nfluoution is tyiidiMtoi). N**?r ?? it noves.ifv fo CiilnviM here <>n ?Xt* iiuportiinQq, for it mi.tft ho mi'ut. the hfiii .r rtf tho limilVtry. thai nppMitinn fn el?<vitifm ftr??U *10 support Ri?unj$0^f fiettpiUr ?e\o'.i ihoy who have miM oil tho opportunities of m.'<|niriiig it, them gdlve.i sire l.nuhibly bout. n?>t omIjmhi *Oimh ing its IxmoBl* fif'theif ehiMren* hnt on pr.-pitting tin- nerval ditfuwon n\ IK Thoie to noting wjr.yh ' contributor bo *<5 ihu t.'za rtrjuiit ; !as ) ' . >