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FfUoiO V?tieett? ??/ th* .?Senate and Home uf Re?i n ?ctitati?ei : Thu continuad disorganization of the Union, to which the Presi.lt.Mt ln.? so ofUn called the atten tion of Congress, is yet a subject of profound and patriotic v ?r.c.-rn. We mav, however. 2nd ? .to? relief fr?m fh?' n-oxiety iii the reflection thar toe puinf.il po itical si UJ.tion, although bo fore untried hy unfed vex, is not new in the exp rieuco -f a?.'?oaf. P?li ioal science, perhaps as high y perfected in our own time and country as in any ocher, h.n not yet disclosed ?ny means by which civil wars can bo absolutely prevented. An ealisbtsr.ei nation, however, with a wiso and bon-?ocit C .rwituti. n nf free government, may diminish 'heir fr queney and mitigate their severi ty by directing ill its proceedings ic accordance with its fun dam ?it .1 ?aw. When a civil war has been brought to a close, it ls manifestly 'he nr<t inter-sr and duty of the Kt ite to repair th? irijirios which tho war has infiicted, n.-..i to FC -ur; tho benefit ot' the lessons it tea -hoi as 'nlly aud as speedily as possible. This duty was, upon the termicitioD of th- rebellion, ]irouipt!y accepted, nut only by tho Executive Department, '-nc by ib? insurrectionary States themselves, i.nd r?>t'>r.ttion, in thc firs' moment of pe?ew, wn? beHlv'ed tu be a- easy and certain ?s it wa? Indispensable. Th?. ex:>er:iition<?, how .*!??, then so ri-is viably and confidently enter tuincd. wore disappointed by lagislatiof) from which I felt e iastraiuod, bj- my obligations to the Cun-timtion, U> withhold my assen;. It i?. theref ire, a source of profound regret, tHa? ?n complying nith the obligation imposai upon 'h? President by the Constitution, to give to Co.-ixress f-via time to lim-? information of tho Uni >n, I am unable to communion te any definite adj n;uiout, satisfactory to thc American people, of ia* Rosti?os which, sinco tie doss of the r? bellion, hnvo agitated the public mild. On the emtrary. candor compels moto declare that at rhS? t{?tr? there t? n ? Union un eur fathers under th > t-.ri'i. and as they ia* mt iz to be uoder ?;?.?; hy us Tao Union which they cst iblish'?d ?ni exist mil}' where ?ll the ?tites ar-j represent n! in bath llvUi s of Congress; where one State i- ai friw os another to reg?late its i-it-rmil coo etrns .sc; irdinr M^its r.wa'WW, and whero th?: I::TS bf.the iv.aral Go-remment, strinctly'.on ta?-d tu maMers of national.juris fiction, apply ? iii cij-i.il for.ce "> a l th* people of every .ec t ? .ti. That sa.*!: ii'it thc present "stale of the . idea" lb n in dancholy ?act, :u:d wc all must HC If?.n?| M?? th ?t th? resioratb-n i?f rSe Sta'es to ?heir pruprr lew-?. relations with tho Federal Gov .rn? eu' and writ i <n:e an wt bur. according to the t ?ir ut J of (bo u.igtual compac*, would be tho xro.-est icin^r.. I blessing which lind, in His kin les; pr?rvideiic>, eouMbestow uji-m tbi* n?t???. 1: becotucfoutIm, i?rativeduty toc-nn-iJar vbetlinr >t nth is ifaip'i?srble etf?et this tiurt desirable eoiiseinutatiou. T.ie Union and the Constitnti >n are ?LS'parable. As biog es one is obeyed by a!l parties the other wll! be proservad : and if one ls destroyed, both must parish together. The destruction ?f the Coc?titutiou wilt be followed by other and still fjrtk'er calamitic?. It was ordttinvu not only to f?rm n inure perfect anion bs-ween the States, but to "estsSlirh justice, insure domestic tran quility, provide fur the common defence, promote tuc general weltnre, and secure the blessings pf Jim-r'y t > ourselves and our posterity." Nothing but. implicit obedience toits requirements in all pirti ot" the country will accomplish theso great ends. Without that obedience, wc can look for wa*d on'y to eontinoal outrages upon individual rights, incessant breaches uf the public peace, national weakness, financial disbooor, the total loss ot uur prosperity, the general corruption of morals, and thc liuul extinction uf pupuiur free dom. Tu save our country :'rot? evils so appall ing as these, we should renew' oar efforts again and again. To me th? pr.MW s of restoration seems per fmitlj plain and simple. It consists morely in a faith fal appKeation uf the Constitution uud la v.r.. The execution of thc laws is not now obstructed ?or opposed by physical foreo. There is no mili tary or other necessity, real or pretended, ?vhicl. OB prevent obedience to the Constitution, either North or South. All the rights und all the obli gatiens of States and individuals Ban bo protected sud enforced l>y moana perfectly ctmsvstent with the fundani?.ntal law. Thc oottits ma; bo every where open, and, if upen, their process would bo unimpeded. Crimes against the United Stator viii bi prevented or punished by the propor judi cial rnithoritt?H. in a mxnner entirely practicable and legal Thiro is, thercforo, no reason why the Constitution should not be obeyed, unless those who exercise its powers havo determiued tb it it shall be disregarded an 1 violated. The raero uaked w.ll of this Qevcrument, or of some one or more of its brunches, is the only obstacle that eau exist to a perfect union uf nil the States. Oa this momentous question, aod some of the measures growing out of it, I have bad the mis fortune to differ from Congress, and hive ex pressed my convictijns without reserve, though with b?Com?D?; deference to tho opinion of the Lejrjdadve Department. Those convictions are nut only unchanged, but strengthened by subse quent events an t further reflection. The tran scendent importance of the subject will bc a suffi cient excuse for calliog your attention to some of itie reasons weich have so strongly inflaeneed my own judgment. Tho hope that wo may all finally coucor in a mode of settlement, consistent at onco with our true interests and with" our sworn duties to the Constitution, is too natural and too just to be easily relinquished. It is clear to my apprehension that the States lately in rebellion are still members of the na tional Union. When did tbav cease to bj so? The "ordinances of ?secession," udopted by a por tion (in most of them a very small portion) of their ciiiions, were mero nullities. If wo admit now that they were valid and effectual for thc purpose intendc 1 by their author?, we sweep from nader our feet the whole ground upon which wc jtwtified thc ww. Vere tho?e States afterwards expailed fr m tho Union by tho war ? Thc dinct contrary was averred by this Government to he its purpose, and was so understood by all those who gave their blood aud treasure to aid io its prosecution. It cannot he that a successful wnr, waged for the preservation of the Union, had the legal effect of di#solving it. The victory of the nation's arms was not the disgrace of her policy ; the defeat of secession on the battle-field was not the triumph of its lawless principio. Nor could Congress, with or without the consent pf the Executive, do anything which would have the effect, directly or indirectly, of separating the States from each lither. To dissolve the Union is to repeal tho Constitution which holds it together, and that ii a power which does not l>olon? to any Department cf this Gu vern:; . nt, orto all of them united. This is so plain that it has been acknowledged by all branches of thc Federal Government. Tho Executive (my predecessor as well as myself) ?nd tho heads of all the Dopartmentr have uniformly neted upon the principio that the Union in nor only undissolved, but indissoluble. Congress submitted an amendment of tho Constitution to be ratified by tho Southern States, and accepted their acts of ratification OK a necessary and ?awful exercifo of their highest function. If they wero not State?, or were States out of the Union, their consent to a change in the fundamental law of thc Union would have bcon nugatory ; aud Con gress, in askiug it, committed i poll leal absurdi ty. The Judiciary has also given tho ? demil sanction of its authority to the same view of the eas?. The Judges of the Supremo Court have included the Southern States in their circuits, and they are constantly, ia bane and elsewhere, ex ercising jurisdiction which doos n<>* belong to them, anloss those States arc States of t?e Union. If the Southern Stites are component parts of the Union, the Constitution is tho supreme law for them, as lt ii for all the other States. They are bound to obey it, and so are we. Tho right of the Federal Governtnont, which M clear and unquestionable, to onforce tho Constitution upon them, implies the correlative obligation on our part to observe its limitations and execute its guarantio*. Without tho Constitution wo are nothing; by, through, and under the Constitution wo are what it makes us. We may doubt th* wisdom of the law ; we may not approve of its provisions, but we cannot violate lt merely be c luse it seems to confine oar powers within limits I narrower than we could wish. It is not a ques- ! 1 (ion of individual, or das', or sectional interest, j ' much less of party pr?dominance, but of du?y- j < of high and sacred dwty-which we are all sworn 1 ( to perform. If w* cannot support tho Constitn- 1 i lion with the cbeerfal alacrity of thou who love ? and believo ta it, we must give it at least the ? I fidelity of publio sarvanU wha act under solemn o ?galions and commands which (bey dore not it disregard. *! Tba constitutional duty il sot the only ona c jrbich rttfairw tl? Mat" to be restored. Thara I P T--->^l^-*^^>-a^--^^?^^M is another consfderatron which, though ^>f min< importance, ts yet of groit weight. On tbo 22 day of July, ISSI, Cangrena declared, by an a most UDAI1HUUU4 vote of botb llousas, tuat li war should bu conducted solely for thc purpo: of preserving thc Union, und tnuiutaing thu tl pr. m ?cy of the Federal Constitution "od law without impairing th: digni.y, equati:/, an right! <.! ttie States or nf individual* j uud th: when Iii wm? doa? iiz war should cute. TM o r.' say th it i bi* d .claratiou i ' per* iji.tl.y binding*! those ?ho j .ined in miking i:, any m iro rh:i individual members of Congress are pera mal. bound t< pay H pu fd ie debt created under a" ht f.r which they voto I. But it'w.is a solemn, pu' li -, ufiki.il pledge of the nati -nal honor, and cammi im tgine up >n what ground* the repu ii ?Oa.of it is to bc justified. If it be said that v ?re ri t b..u il to Keep Inila with rebels, let i: I roinou.hervd that thu promise wai liol muda I rebels only. Th u.-a:.d< of tru-j men in the Soul Wjre ?Ira vn to our standard by it, an 1 hun ir<--i o? thousands in tb? North gave their lived iu t belief that it would bo carried out. It w is mai on the day after the first great .battle of the wi had been f ught and lost. All patriotic and ii telligont men then ra rr the necessity of givii such an assurance, aud believed that without th? war would eud in disaster to our cause. Hu ing given that assurance iu the extremity ol' M peril, tho violation of it now, iu the day of o; power, ? oul.t be a rude rending of that gor faith lillie h holds the mond w"rld togolhor ; ol country w. uld censa to have any chem upon tl confidence ot iu;n ; it would .make thc warn only a fal ure, but a ii.iuJ. fibing sincerely convinced that these vie'** u corroer, I would bo unfaithful to my duty if did nut recommend the repeal of the nets ol Coi gross whici place ton nf* the Southern States ul der th- domination of military masters. If cal rollecliou shall iatisfy a majority of your honor: ole bodies that thu acts referred to are not only ri dation ?f the national fni.h, but iu dire coull.rt will the Con.-titution, I dara not perm myself to doubt tba: you will iminediutjly stril them 'rom tho statute book. To deinous.rOto the unconstitutional ch tract of those nets, I neod du uo more than refer thoir general providions. It tnast be seen at om that they are bot autboriied. To dictate win alterations ?hall be made'in the constitutions i th J several Stales; to control the elections i State legislators aad otate officers, members of Cot gress an t electors of President and Vice Presider by arbitrarily dec aring who shall voto and wh .-hali be excluded from that privilego; to dissoh State legislatures or prevent them from assume ling; to dismiss judges and other civil function! ries of the State, and appoint (.thurs without rt gard to State law ; to organise and operate u the politieul machinery of the States; to r?gul?t tho whole administration of their domestic an louai utf.iirs according to tho mere will of strang and irresponsible ageut*, seul awong them tu that purpose-these ure^ powers not granted t thi Federal Uoveruntcnt, ur to uny ono of it branches. Not being granted, we viotnte ou rust by assuming them us puloubl}' us we wouli by acting in thc tace of a positive interdict; fo tne Constitution iorbidsju to do whatever it doe not i fi) rm ti lively authorize cither by express word or by clear implication. If the authority we de sire to use doe* uot come to us through tho Con situiio?, we ctn exercise it only bj' u*urpatijn a id usurpation is the most dangerous of politics Brime*. Hy that crime the enemies of freo gov i ero meat in ail ages have worked out their de-igo. against public liberty and private right. It leal directly -md immediately to the establishment o ?'.Molote rule ; fur undelegated power is at way i unlimited nud unrestrained. The acts of Congress in ques'.ion aro not onlj obje ti.mable for their assumption of uugrantcil power, but many of their provisions aro in cou. diet wi'.h the direct prohibitions of tho Cc-ostitu tiou. The CotUti-ntion commands that a repub lican form of government shall bc guaranteed l. .:'.[ the States: dat uo person shall le deprived oi ito. Pi.ee.iy, ?r pfoperty without due process o! law, irr?.'ttcil wi'liont a judicial warrant, or punished vii ?iou1 a fair trial before au impartial jury ; thal she privilege of baboaicorpussboll not bedim Ld in time ol peace; and that no bill of attainder? hall In . a te I, even ngaiu?t a sing.e individual. Yet thu tye teal of mea.-ur.-s established by these acts of Congres < dova totally subvert and il ca troy th? fono, a* well u? the substance of repnbliean g"v erntaeni in ihe tou States to which (hey apply. Ii bi?ids them baud and foot in absolute s.avery, and subject* them to a strange and hostile power, mor* unlimited and m .ie likely to be abused than any other how Uno'Vu anting civilized ?neu. lt tram ples down all those rfgbta in which thu essence of liberty eoosis's, and which a free government is always most careful lo ?troieot. It dewie* tho h I boxs corpus and th? trial by jury. Personal free d iu, property, and life, if assailed .by the passion, the prejudice, or the rapacity of tho ruler, have uo sucjrity whatever. It has the effect of a bill of attainder, ur bill of pains and penalties, not upon a few indiv.du .ls, but upon uhole wases, including the millions who inhabit the subject Slates, aud even their unborn children. These wrongs, being exures.ly forbid Jun, cannot be con stitutionally inflicted upon any portion of our people, no matter how they m iy have come with iu our jurisdiction, and no maller whether they live iu States. Territories, or districts. I have no desire to save from tho proper an 1 jusi consequences of their great crime those who e-Jigagcd in rebellion ugainst tho Corerumeiit : but as a mode of punishment, the measure* under consideration are the uiost unreasonable thal contd be invented. Many of those people are perfectly innocent ; many kept their fidelity to the Union untainted to tbo last; many wereiucapable of any legal offence ; a large proportion even of the per sons able to beat arms were forced into rebellion against their will ; aud of those ?ho are guilty with their ??wu convent, the decrees of guilt are us van ti.- as the shades of their character aud temper, But these acts of Congress eon found them ul! together in o?o commou doom. Indis criminate vengeance upon classes, sects, and par ties, or upon whole commutiitic, tor offences com mitted by a portion of them against the govern ments to which they owed obedience, was common in the barb;ri.U.? ages id' the World. Hut Chris tianity and civilization have made such progrc-s that recourse to a punisbmekt so cruel and unjust would meet with the condemnation of all unpre judiced and right minded men. The punitive justice of tbi-? age, and especially of this country, does not consist in stripping whole States of their liberties, and reducing all their people, without distinction, to tho condition of slaver/. It deals separately wiih efeh individual, conuuos itself to tho forms of law, and vindicates its own puri ty by an iinpariiul examination of every ca-o be fore a competent judicial tribunal. If this does dot sa'isfy all our desires with regard to Somb orn iebels, let HS console ourselves by reflecting that-u free Constitution, triumphant io war und unbroken in peace, is worth far more to as and our children than the gratification of any present feeling. I um aware- it is assumed that this system of government for tho Southern States is uot to bo perpetual. It is true this military government is to be only provisional, but it is through this tem porary evil that a greater evil is to bp made per petual. If the guarantees of tho Constitution con bo broken provisionally to serve a temporary pur pose, and in a part only of the country, we can destroy them everywhere and for all time. Arbi trary measures often change, but they generally change for the worse It is tho curse of despotism that it hos no halting place. The intermitted ex orcise of its power brings no seose of security toits subjects; for they can never know what more they will be called to cad ure when its red right hand is armed to plague them nguiu. Nor is it possible to conjecture- how or whore power, un restrained by law, may seek its next victims. The States that aro still free may be . n*laved ai any moment ; for if the Constitutum docs not protect all, it protects noue. It is manifestly and avowedly tho object of these laws to confer upon negroes tho privilege of vo ting, nnd to disfranchise tuch u number of white citizens as will givo tho former a clear majority at all elections in tho Southern Status. This, to the minds of some person?, is so important, that a violation of tho Constitution is justified ?is a m -ans of bringing it about. Tho morality is al ways false which excuses a wrong because it pro poses t<> accomplish a desirable end. Ve are not permitted to do evil that good may come. Hut in this cue the end itself is evil, as well as the means. The subjugation of the States to nogro domination would be worse than the military des potism under which tboy are now suffering. It Wis believed beforehand that th? people would onduro uny amount of military oppression, for any length of time, rather than degrade tbom solvrs by subjection to tho nogro race. Therefore they have been loft without a choice. Nejjro suf t'rjge was established by act of Congress, and the military i.ific-.Ts weie commanded to superintend the process o! clothing tho negro race with tho po litic il privileges torn from white men. Tho blacks iu the South are entitled to be well and humanely governed, and to havu ihe protec tion of just laws for ail their rights of person and property. If it wero practical at this timo to give them a government exclusively their own. under which they might manage their own affairs in their own way, it wjuld become a grave question whether wo ought to do so, or whether common humanity would not require u? to save them from ? themselves. But, under tho circumstances, this i is only a speculative p'-int. It is not proposed i merely that they shall govern themselves, but that i thuy shall rule ibo white race, make and admin. \ ister State laws, elect Presidents and members of ? Congress, and shape to a greater or less extent i tho future destiny of the whole country. Would i such a trust and power bo sate in such hands ? o Thc peouliu:* qualities which should character ize any popio who are fit to decido upon tho d management of public affairs for n great State t bave seldom been combined. It is tho glory of h rvhitc men to know that they have had these o qualities in suf/iciout measure to build upon this ! v mntinent a great political fabric, and to presserve i ol ts stability for more than ninety yours, while in I' ivery other part of the world all similar oxperi- | tl uents have faifid. But if anything can be prov- : pt d by known fa.tts-if all reasoning upon evidence | Si i not abandoned-it must be acknowledged, that i ta tl the progress of nations negroes have shown less ei apacity for government than any other race of or eoyle. No independent government of say form I ta jas-erer boon successful ' in their hands. On the ' ::>ntrary, wherever they bare been left to their ; ?wu devices, they have thown a constant teudoncy : to relapse into barbarism. Tn thu Soulborn States, ! however, Congres has undertaken to confer upun them the privilege of the ballot. Just released from slavery, it may be doubted whether, as a < ..?as-, tbry know more than their ancestors how j t i ? .rginize and r gu'ate civil society. Iudoe 1, i ii is admitted thtt thu black? nf tho South are nut only regardless of the runts of property, but so utterly ignorant of public affairs that their voting cm oonsist in nothing morn thon carrying II ballot to the place whero they ?re directed ta deposit it. I need not remind yr.u that tho exer cise of the elective franchise is the highest attrib ute ot' au American citizen, and that, when guided by virtuo, intelligence, patriotism, and a proper appreciation of our free institutions, it constitutes the true ba* i s of a demovr>itio form of govern ment, in which the soveregn power is lodged in thu body of the people. A trust artificially eroited, not lor ita own sake, l-ut solely as a means of prom "ting the general welfare, its influence for good must necessarily depend upon the rle vated character und true allegiance of the elector. It ought, therefore to bo reposed in none except tbo.-e who are fitted morally and mentally to nd minister it well; for if conferred upon persons who do not' ju.itly estimate it* value, and who ure indifferent as to its results, it will only serve as a moans of placing power HI tbe hand? of tho un principled and ambitious, and mu-t oveutuate in the complete destruction td thal liberty of which it should be the most powerful con?crvator. I have, therefore, heretofore urgod upen your ut ten ion the great danger "to be apprehended from an untimely extention i-f tire elective fran chise U> any new class in our couutry, "especially when tho large majority of that c?a??, iu wielding tbe power thus place I in their h-.mis, cannot bo expected correctly to comprehend the duties and responsibilities which pertain to suffrage. Yes terday, as it were, finir millions of persons wore held in a condition of slavery that had existed for generations; to-day they are freomen, and aro as-uwe.d by law to be citizens. It cannot he pre sumed, from their previous condition of servitude, that, us a class, they ure as woll informed os to the nature of our Guverument as the intelligent f ireigner who makes our land the homo of his choice. In the case of the latter, neither a resi dence of five years, and the knowledge of our institution? which it gives, nor attachment to the principles of tbe Constitution, aro the only con ditions upon which he can be admitted to citizen ship. Ile must prove, in addition, a good moral character, and thus give reasonable ground for the belier that he will be faithful to the obliga tions which he assames as a citizen of the Re public. Where a pooplo-the sourco of all politi cal power-speak, by their suffrages, through the instrumentality of the ballot-box. it most be care fully guarded against tbe control of those who sro corrupt in principle and enemies of free in stitutions, for it can only become to our political and social system a safe conductor of healthy popular sentiment when kept free from demorali zing influences. Controlled through fraud sud usurpation by thc designing, anarchy and despo tism uiust inevitably follow. Ju the hands of the patriotic and worthy, our Government will be preserved upon tho principles of the'Constitution inherited from our father?. It follows, therefore, thai in admitting to the billot-box a new class of voters not qualified for tho exercise of the elec tive franchise, wo weakon our systotn of govern ment, instead of adding to its strength and dura bility." " I yield to no One in attachment to that rule.cf general au fir* go which distinguishes our policy as a nation. But there is a limit, wis.dy observed hitherto, which makes the ba'lut a privilege and a trust, and which requires of soma classes a time suitable for probation and prepara tion. To give it indiscriminately to a new cia.*?, wholly unprepared, by previous habits and op portunities, to perform the trust which it demands, is to degrade it, and finally to destroy its pow?r; for it may be safely assumed that no political troth is better established than that such indis criminate and all-embracing nitration *f popular suffrage must end ut last iu its overthrow and destruction." I repeat thc expr?s-don ot" my williugness to join in any pinn within the scope of our Constitu tion?] authority which promises to better the con ilition of tho negroes in the South, by encouraging them in industry, enlightening their minds, im proving their morals, anti giving protection to all their just rights as freedmen But the transfer of our political inheritance to them would, in my opinion, bu au abandonment of u duty which we owe aliko to thu memory of our fathers and the rights of our children. The plau of putting the Southern Stat".? wholly, and the Genoml Government partially, into tho bauds of negroes, is proposed at a time peculiarly unpropitious. Tho foundations nf ?o.-ieiy Luve been broken up by civil war. Industry must hu re-organized, justice re-established, public credit maintained, and urdor brought om of confusion; To accomplish theso ends would requiro all the wisdom and virtue of the great men who formed our institutions originally. I confidently believe that their descend ?M.- will be equal to the ardu ous task before them, Lut it is worse than madness to expect that negroes will perrorm it for UF. Cer tainly we ought not to ask their assistance until we despair of our own competency. Tho great difference betwoon thu two races in physical, mental, and moral characteristics will prevent an am'dg.traation or fusion of them together in one homogeneous mas'. If the inferior ibtains the ascendency over the other, it will gor r.ni with reference only to its own interests-for it will recognize no common interest-and creato juca a tyranny as this cutinent bas never yet witnessed. Already thc negroes are influenced by promises of confiscation and plunder. They are taught to regard U3 an enemy every wLite man who has any respect for thc rights of his own rac?, [f this coutinues it must become worse and Worse, autil ?ill order will be subverted, all industry -tease, und the fertile Quids of the Sooth grow up into a wilderness. Of all the dangers whioh our nation has yet encountered, none are cuual to thu.se which must result from thc success of the Hort now making to Africanize the half of our jountry. I would not put considerations of money in jompctition with justice and right. But the ex penses incident to "reconstruction* under the sys tem adopted by Congress aggravate what I regnrd is tho intrinsic wrong of tbe measure itself. It aas cost uncounted millions already, and if per listed in will add largely to the weight of fixa tion, already too oppressivo to be borne without just complaiut, and may finally reduce the Treas ury of tho nation to a condition of bmkruptcy. Wu must not delude ourselves. It will require a ?trong standing army, and probably moro than two hundred millions of dollars per annum, to naintain tho suprumacy of negro government* liter they are established. The. sum thus thrown iway would, if properly used, form a sinking futid arge enough to pay the whole national debt iu csa than fifteen years. It is vain to hope that ne groes will maintain their ascendency themselves. Without military power they are wholly incapable >f holding in subjection the white people of the South. I submit to thc judgment of Congress whether tho publie credit may not be injuriously affected by a system of measures liko this. With our debt, ind the vast private interests which a?e compli cated with it, wff cannot be too cautious of a poli cy which might, by possibility, impair the confi dence nf ito World in our Government. That confidence can only be retained by carefully incul cating the principles of justice und honor on tho popular mind, and by the most scrupulous fidelity to all our engagements of every sort. Any seri ous breach nf the organic law, persisted in for a considerable time, cannot but create fears for the stability of our institutions. Habitual violation of prescribed rules, which wc bind ourselves to observo, must demoralise the people. Onr only standard of civil duty being set at naught, the sheet-anchor of our political morality is lost, the public conscience swings from its moorings, and yields to every impulso of passion and interest. If we repudiate the Constitution, we will not be ex pected to care much for mero pecuniary obliga tions. Tho violation of such a pledge as wc made tm the 22d day of July, 1 SOI, will assuredly di minish tho market value of our other promises. Besides, if wo "now acknowledge that the national debt was created not to hold tbe States in the Union, as tho taxpayers were led to suppose, hut to expel thom from it, and hand them ovtr to be governed by negroes, the moral duty to pay it may seem much loss clear. I ?\?y it may ???si so; for I do not admit that, this or any other argu ment in fuvor of repudiation can be entertained ii sound; but its influence on some dusses of minds may well be apprehended. The financial honor of a groat commercial nation, largely lu lebted, and with a republican f.r.n of government, idministered by agents of thc popular choice, isa thing of such delicato texture, and the destruction sf it would be followed by such unspeakable ca amity, that every true patriot must desire to avoid whatever might expose it to tho slighter t danger. The great interests of the country require im nodiato relief from these enactments. Business n the South is paralysed by a sonso of general usecurity, by tho terror of confiscation, and the Ire ad of negro supremacy. The Southern trade, rom which the North would have derived su grout i profit uudur a goverumont of law, still lan guishes, and can never ret ive until K ceases to be ctlered by tho arbitrary power which makes all ts operations unsafe. That rich country-tho ichest in natural resources the world ever s iw-is rorsu than lust if it be not soon placed under (hr. rotection of a free Constitution. Instoad of be ag, ss it ought to be, a source of weath and power, t will become an intolerable burden upon the rest f thc nation. Another rcuson for retracing our stops will oubtloss bo seen by Congress in tho late manifes tions of public opinion upon this subjeot We ve in a country where tho popular will always aforces obedience to itself, sooner or lat?.-. It is uln to think of opposing it with anything short "legal authority, backed by overwhelming force. ! cannot havo escaped your attention that from e day on whioh Congress fairly aud formally ?csonted tbe proposition to govern the Southern ates by military force, with a view to the.uki- | ( ute c stablish mont .of negro supremnoy, ? o very i pression of the gun oral sentiment has boon m >ro letts adverse to it The affections of this gene- j < Hon cannot be detached from the insti kitlens of j c their ancestors. Thoir determination to preserve the inheritance of free rrovurnmcnt in their own hatiilrf. and tranmnit it undivided and unimpaired to their own-posterity, is too strung to be success fully opposed. Every weaker passion will disap pear before that love of liberty and law for which tho Auiurican people aro distinguished above all others in the world. How fir the duty of the President, " to preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution," requires bim to go in oppo:< .g un unconstitutional act of Congress, is a very serious and important ques tion, on which I have deliberated much, and felt extremely anxious to roach a proper conclusion. Where an act has boen passed u<-cording!to tho forms of the Constitution by tho supremelegisla tivo authority, and is regularly enrollcd'among tho public statutes of thc country, Exevutivo re sistance to it, especially in times of high party excitement, would be likely to produce violent collision between the respective adh?rents of tho two branches of tho Government. This would be simply civil war; and civil war must bc resorted to only as th? last remidy fur the worst of evils. Whatever might tend to provoke it should be most carefully avoided. A faithful and conscientious Magistrate will concede very much lc honest er ror, and mtuethiug oven to perrerse malioe, be fore he Will endanger the public peace; and ho will nut adopt forcible measures, or such as might lead to force, as long as those which aro poaceablo remain open to bim or to his constituents. It is true that ennui may occur in which the Executive would be cc uptdled to stand on its rights, and mai ut.'.i ti them, regardless of all conscquonccs If Congress should pass an act which ia not only ia palpable conflict with the Constitution, but will certainly, if carriod out, . "oduce immediate and irreparable injury to the organic structuro of tho Government, and if there bo neither judicial remedy fur the wrongs it inflicta, nor power in the people to protect thcmselvug without the om ciul aid of their elected defender-if, forinstince, thc legislative d-.partment should pass an act, oven through all the forms of law, to abolish a co-ordinate department of the Government-in such a case the President must take the high re gpou-ibilities of his office, and save the life of the nation nt all hazirds. Tho go-called re construction acts, though us pluinly unconstitu tional as any that car. be imagined, were fiot be lieved to be within thc class last mentioned'; The people were not wholiy disarmed of the power of self defence. In all* the Northern States they still held in their hands the sacred right of tha ballot, and it wai s.ifc to believe that in dna time they would come to tho rescue of their own insti tutions. It gives me pleasure to add that the ap peal to our common constituents was not taken in vain, and that my confidence in their wisdom and and virtue seems not to have been misplaced. After thus finishing with the subject of recon struction, the President sets forth at considerable length the unconstitutionality and inexpediency of tho " Tenure of Office Bill;" that bill which de prives him of control over his subordinates. In this connection, he sponks of t' o tremendous frauds that have been, and aro still being, perpe trated upon the Treasury. And says thatalthough he mny know an (fficcr to be dishonest andguilty of malfeasance, yet ho cannot at once, and upon his own decision, remove him, as be has the con stitutional right to do, but must, according lo this "Tenure of Office Bill," only accuse hia to the Senate. Ile says: "This species of corruption has it.creased, is increasing, and if not dimhishedi will soon bring us into total ruin and disgrtco." The subject of the Financer and the Currency comes next. Upon this subject the Pr?sidait ad .Tances the argument thit, as the present paper circulation of $7('0,00U,UOU is equivalent tt a spe cie circulation of only $350,000,000, thc speoie .might be substituted for tho paper without musing any financial crisis. Of the Revenue system the Presidentfpcak thus : The attention uf Congress is earnestly invited to the necessity of a thorough reviduo of jurrev enuc system. Our internal revenue laws md ?rn post system should beso adj un ted as to bear most heavily ac articles nf luxury, leav.ng the necM*ano< uf li.'e ?M free from taxation as may be consistent with tte real wants of tho lovern mcnt,economically administered. Taxa : ?would not than fall unduly on the man of uiodcru.susans and while none would be entirely exempt fom as sessment, all, in proportion to their peuntary abilities, would contribute toward the suport of tb? State. A moditioation of the internal avenue system, by a largu reduction in th? numbel of ar tides now subject to tax, wonld be followcdby re sults equally advantageous to tho citizen aul the Govern meut. It would render tho executin o the law le;i expensive and moro certain, reiove obstructions to industry, lessen the tcmptqtjgste evade the law, diminish the violaiionr-auii tfftA peruetratod upon its provisions, make its o ora tio--' less inquisitorial, and greatly redua in numbers the army of tax-gatherers created ir the system, who " take from the mouth of hones la bur the bread it has earned." Retrenchment,T form and uconomy should he carried into oury branch of the public service, that the expeidi lures of the Government may bc reduced nd the [.copio relieved from oppressive taxation; sound currency should bo restored, and the pt: lie faith iu regard to lite national debt sacredly b lerved. Tho accomplishment of th so importnt result.-, together with tho restoration of tho Unan of the .States upon the principles of the Ccnstiu tion, would inspiro confidence ut home and abrad iu the stability of our institutions, and brinjto the nation prosperity, peace and (food will. Ile next recommends tho preseuce ol' a l?ge mi !:ary force in tho distant North West, to kep down the disufl'eoted Indian tribes of thoso re gions; and urges that these Indians be concn trated upon portions of country set apart for tfeir exclusive use, and located at points remote fr tr. the high ways of the whites. Especially doe she urge their removal from thc line of the grat Paci-io Railway, which is being pushed forwzd su energetically. The expenses of the Navy have been paid ut of the balance romaining from appropriations The business of the Post Office Departments represented as in a highly favorable conditio) ; and there is a balance, from former appropriation, In favor of this Department, of $74:1,210. Our foreign Relations are amicablo in evey quarter. The purchase of the islands of St. Thomas aid St. Johns from Denmark is announood and ap proved of. These islands are of the West Indio, and by this purchase wo acquire harbors of tie first importance. This most udmirahle message concludes thui Tho annexation of many small German Stat? to Prussia, und tho reorganization of thatcouutrr under a now and liberal constitution, have in doced mo to renew tho effort to obtain a just ani! prompt rettlcment of the long-vexed quostioi concerning Ibo claims of foreign States tor mili tary service from thoir subjects naturalized in th? Uuitud States. In connection with this subject, tho attention of Congress is respectfully called to a singular and tmbarrassing conflict of laws. The Execu tive Department of this Government has hitherto uniformly held, as it now holds, that naturaliza tion, in conformity wiih tho Constitution and laws of the United S'atce, absolves the recipient from his nativo allegiance. Tho courts of Groat Bri tain hold that allegiance to thc British Growl is indefeasible, and is not absolved by our iaw| of naturalization. British judges vito courts ind law authorities of the United Statvs in support of thal theory against the position held by the Bee cutive authority of the United States. This ara flict porplexcs the public mind concerning tho rights of naturalized citizens, nnd impairs the national authority abroad. I called attentiot to this suhject ia my last annual message, and low again respectfully appoal to Congress to decure the national will unmistakably upon this iui] r Unt question. v.The abuse uf our laws by the clandestine prjjc cution of the African slavo trado from Amerian ports by American cititons has altogether ccaed, and, uudei' existing circumstances, no upprobtc sion? of its renewal in this part of tho world lr? entertained. Under these circumstances it U. comos a question whether wo ?hali not propose to lier Majesty's Government a su-peusion ort j. continuance of ihc stipulations for maintainin a naval f- rec fur the suppression of (hat trade. ANDREW JOUNSONi Washington, December 8, 1 -st!7. -? . |*3r**We learn (says the Courier) that undor ir- I i ders of Gon. Howard, Gilbert Pillsbory (white) and R. C. DeLargo (colored) of this city; S.S. 8 wail* (white) of Kingtree; .T.J.Wright (c?l orod) of Beaufort, have been discharged from further service in the Freedmen's Bureau, on ac count of hiving been elected to tho Convention, ?S/fA Nashville correspondent of the Chaf lesion Courier says: "Mr. Payne, the author if "Ariel," is here, under arres', for the murder of L Mr. Allen lomo time since. "Ariel" is regard as a weak sophistical and infidel book by ibo be jndges. The North has destroyed the tempo prospects of tho negro, and "Ariel" would h spiritual. Thc South is the true frltnd of tl negro." ;*irThe London Time?, in commenting in sei vere terms on Johnson's message, says it ia har?, to tee whero the hopes of the Americans lie, bel tween Johnson on 'he one ? and and Stevens on ;ho otber. The President's remarks, ooupleil jj trith Stanley's recent dispatch on the Alabama's] ? daims, or?ales considerable distrust is financian x ?mtv THE ADVERTISER. JAMES T. BACOIT, EDITOB. WEDNESDAY, DEC. ll, 180T. Our Club Hates? We are now furnishing tho AnvBnTEHtrt to Clubs at the following vcr j low ratos: Two Copies one Year, . ?5.S& Five Copies ouo Yoar, 12.50. Tnn Copies one Year, ' 22.50. Twenty Copies one Year, 40.CO. No Clubs received for a less period thin one year,-and in all cases the Cash will be required in advance. The minos of the entire Club must be sent at one -.?me. ?Day Board; By reference to our advertising columns, it will be seen that Day Boord can bo obtained in one of the pleasantest and most refined families in Edgefii J. The Convention Elections. From the Charleston A'eto* wo- oondense the following. Up to Friday last, the returns of the Convention Elections wore, for Convention, 1123 whites, 00,038 blacks, total 61,161. Again*: Con vention; 1,411, all whites. From all the Districts except Oraugeburg and Berkely the rotures seem to be complete. In Orangobarg, the number reg istered was, whites 1645, blacks 3371, whereas but 238 votes (all for Convcntioa) are as yet returned from that District. In Berkely the number regis tered was, whitos 082, backs 8,264'; and ap to Fri day hist "but 3,026 voles (all for Convention) had been returned. The requisite majority is 62,816, of which but 1,655 votes are wanting. Tbero re mains then but little doubt of tho Convention be ing called. In our opinion it will ho carried by three or-four thousand majority. The number of votes registered in our own District was, whites, 2,760, blookfl, 4,007. Total number of votes on the Convention (all for Con vention) 3811. Complete white and black vote, so far, mns.-od together. Wo cannot', therefore, say as yet how many white people voted in Edge field. - . : Non-Arrival of the Constitutionalist. Three timos in tho course of ton days, has th? Augusta mail arrived in Edgefield without,the Coiiititutiunulint. In fact the Conttitntiouuliithil* us very often, as a general thing. The dissatii faction in our olEce and in our community is very, groat on this account. Where and with whom lies the fault ? Wo beg the conductors of our honored cotempomry to look into this matter. A Reply to Ariel. Called " Thc Negro." This is a very able and instructive refutation of "Ariel," by RoBsm A. YOU.XG D. D., of Nashville. All who have read "Ariel," should now. road Dr. YDU.MO'S reply. They will be wiser and better for so doing. We acknowledge its reoeipt from the " Holmes Book House, Charleston," from which establishment it will bo sent by mail to any one ordering iL Y he Big Bed Hogshead. When Edgefield people go to Augusta, and drive or walk up Broad Streot, they will peroeivc on tho ri?bt hand side, under the Augusta Hotel, a large Rid Hogshead, with the names WRIGHT A MOBLEY upon it, nnd the letters S. C. And then w<U tbeso selfsame Edgefield peoplo say to themselves: "There 'are those clever fellows MACK WRIGUT and Jonx M OB Lr. Y ; and surely we ought not to turn away from onr own people." Or if they don't say so, they ought to. And tholr actions too should endorse their words. A per petual stream of Groceries and Good Thing? should flow over Edgefield from that same Red Hogshead. And truly the Red Hogshead is a good ?doa, and really cUfsicnl. When we go next, wc shall imagine we are in Fleet Street, London, a century or so ago, and look about us for the Bear, the Bull's Head, tho Cock, the Su gar Loaf, thc Whito Hart, Ac, Ao. , Look out then for the Red Hogshead. Masonic Elections. At a regular convocation of Bczileel Chapter, No. 8, R. A. M., hold on Saturday evening, the 7th inst., the following Companions were elected Officers of the sime for the ensuing MaSonio year: Com. T. J. TKAGUK, High Priest, " Z. W. CARWILE, King, " W. F. DURISOB, Scribe, " D. F. McEwux, Captain of the Host " D. R. DOTUSOE, Principal Sojourner. " M. A. MARKERT, Royal Arch Captain. " S. H. MAXCKT, G. M. of the Rd Veil. " ll. B. GALLVAX, G. M. of tb? 2d Veil. " BEXJ. RUPKR, G. M. of tho 1st Veil. " O W. ALLEX, Treasurer. " W. W. A PAM?, Secretary, " W. W. OooniiAX, Sentinel. A G. TKA,;CE, j g d J. T. BL'RXS, J On the night of the 7th inst., the following Officers were elected to servo Concordia Lodge, Ko. 50, A. F. M., for the onsuing Masonic year : Bro. Z. W. CARWILK, W. M. " M. A. MARKERT, S. W. " D. F. MCEWEN, J. W. D. H. DURISOK, Treas. " T. H. CLARK, Sec'ry. " S. H. MAXOET, S. D. " Tnos. JOXI:R, J. D. ?'-??* I Stewards. " W. JJ. liLSJJORE, J " L. H. MCCULLOUGH, Sec'ry. We will thamk the Secretaries of the other Ma sonic Lodges throughout the District to forward as for publication the rosult of the elections in their respective Lodges of thoir Officers for the next yoar. Insure ! Insure ! That every one sh-.uld keep his Dwelling, Fur niture, Merchandise, Ac., insured, no prudent man will deny. Persons wishing to insure in re liable Companies should oall on D. RI^DURIBOK, at this Office, who represents the Messrs. C. A A. G. HALL, the well-known Insurance Agents of | Augusta. Their rates are reasonable, and the Companies they are Agents for aro said to ho the best. Insure and keep insured. Remember, " de lays nre dangerous,"-cspocially in regard to this matter, and tho present [disturbed condition of jur domestic affairs. " One Star Differeth from Another Star }n Glory." And so is it with Turnips and Turnip Raisers, md Guano and Guano-Sellers. There is one glory }f the Ruta Bega, and another glory of the Red Top, and another of the White Globe. And all :his has been demonstrated to us during thc past ireck. Our much-respocted friend, BtXJ. W. HATCHER, Esq., of tho Pine Houso, has sent us i quantity of unsarpassably fine Turnips and Po tatoes. His Turnips were Rod Top, Eclipso, Ruta Baga and Whito and Yellow Globe ; all very tine, :ho Whit? Globes weighing from four lo six pounds. And our old school-friend, MILLI: no R B, WB rsR, Esq , or the Mt. Tabor vicinity, has sent ui i bag *f suporb Ruta Bagas. They are lying he ure ui on the floor now; a perfect platoon of huge fellow globes. AU tremendous-four pounders tvery ono. Our friend of the Pine Houso runs far ahead of my thing wo have seen in tho White Globe line; md so of our old chum, as regards tho Ruta Jago. To both tbeso gentlemen we retarn many thanks ? heso specimens, they may rest well asinred, TO turned to good account. And now, as ta the Guano glory, read MIL EDGE'S concluding paragraph ; and remember WILCOX, GIBBES A Co., whoso whereabouts may e asoortained by searching our advertising coi tions : " My whole crop lc of this kind, and very ne; made so by applying throe hundred pounds f Wilcox, Gibbes A Co's. Manipulated Phoenix fuano per aero. It ls fine for Turnip*-errlain ! Truly yours, M. B. WEVER." The Military Conventions. The Alabama Convention bas adjourned. .The ouisiana concern has been in session some ten sys. That of. Virginia met in Richmond on I r uesday the 3rd inst, That of Georgia mot in i t tlaata OB Monday li?t. Ii ..... ^..?s; The President^.Message. TVc present to our readers thia week, tho fit bulf, and most, important part, of Prciident Jon s'.s'.s Messago to-tho'F?rty-first Congress oft United Staten at the opening of its first Sussi W Monday, the 2d inst. :^fp^ - >! .ThiB.first half .is devotod to the subject of-R construction,' and ?ti it President JOHNSON rei! rate?,"with *tillj;rcitor fore? and eloquence, t viow? expressed by hyn from .the. beginning the'ogitation."/'Indeed as we road-this m?gni cunt sidle paper, we " are inclined'to think tb ANDRLW JonNSOX may yet go down thc tule time asa second ANORIEW JACKSON, tho "^C Hiokory" of thirty years ago. ANDRKW JAC BON, however, would have instantly and bold refused to execute that law which (no matter he regularly passed and enrolled,) uttorly destro the ?morican Union, and renders it a Uni 'pinned together by"bayonets." "And so'sSou ANDREW Jonascur have acted in March last. T Southern States should never have been stripp of their sovereignty by a vilo law, passed net 1 two-thirds of the Senators and Repr?sentativ of the United, States, bnt hy two-thirds of t dominant party of the North only. Discussii this precise- point, however, will do no good rre.-ent ; what is past is post. - The whole world is anxiously watching th desperate struggle botwoen a central despotist under the malign influence of Red Republieanis: on the ono hand,and that calm butfearless conso va?sm of the* Executive on th? other; and ween; not but think that President JOHNSON'S present me sage is calculated to hand down his name with ere lasting honor to posterity, and to arouse in tl just and generous portion of tho Northern peop an enthusiasm for constitutional liberty and l indignation against Congressional usurpatioi that will speedily sweep tyranny from power. Of the latter half, of this message we give succinct synopsis, at thc same time reoommeni ing the part which we publish entire, as unusua ly worthy Of Uttentivo perusal. . rf '. : -? ? ORDER PROVIDING TAXES FOJ SOUTH CAROLINA FOR 1808. :J <l\,\ .) ?"J ? f '. ? ?? J HEADQ'RS 2D MILITARY DIST, > CHARLESTONS.,&,December3.J.867.. .J. General Orderi, Jfb.. 139^-L-To provid for the Rapport pf the provisional governmec of Sooth Carolina1 for tho yparcommencin on the first day of October, 1.867, and.endin on the thirtieth day of September, 1808, th Act of the General Assembly, M To raise sui plies lor the year commencing in Octobci ooe thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, approved December 21, I860, will, as hereir. after modified, be continued in force until sn perseded by legislation,, or untiljotherwiseoi dered by proper authority. ARTICLES TAXED "AD VALOREM." 1. On all real estate, twenty-five cents o; every hundred dollars: provided, that on sue land* as may be in the possession of the Bu reau of Refugee*, Freedmen and Abandonet Lauds O?T the first day of January-next, ant the owner or.claimant is thereby deprired o its occupation and usc, such tax shaft not bi collected ; on the capitafstock of all gasligh companies, twenty-fivecents on every iiundret dollars ; on articles manufactured for sa'e barter, cr exchange, between tbe first day o Junuary, one thousand eight hundred ant sixty seven and the fir>t day of January, ont thousand eit?ht hundred and sixty-eight, twen ty cents on every hundred dollars, to be paie by the manufacturer j on the market value ? thc gro-s amount of spirituous liquors manu facturai from the first day of January to th( thirty-first day of December, 1808, "five pei cent., to be paid quarterly, at the end of ead quarter, to the Tax Collectors of the District in which it was manufactured; on buggies, carriages, gold and silver plate, watches, jew elry and pianos, on band on the first day ol January. 18GS-except when held by dealers for the purpose of sale-one dollar ou every hundred dollars. M TAX OX INCOMES." 2. Upon all gross incomes derived from employments, faculties and professions, in cluding thc profession of dentistry (wheth r in the profession of the law tho income Lo derived from the c?sts of suit, or fies, or other source of professional incomes), excepting clergymen, two and one half dollars on every one hundred dollars; on commissions received by brokers, vendue master?, factors, commis Mon merchant?, dealers in exchange'(foreign or domestic), or in mortgages, bonds and oth er negotiable papers, two and one half dollars on every hundred dollars ; from premiums re ceived by insurance companies or underwri ters, two dollnrs on every hundred dollars; from the receipts of expresa or other trans portation companies, earned within the limits of the State, one dollar on every hundred dol lars and from the receipts of telegraph com panies earned within the limits of the State two and one-half dollars on every hundred dollars ; from the sale of newspapers or mag azines, one dollar on every one hundred dol lars; on ^he gross receipts of newspaper? published in the State, twenty cents on every hundred dollars; from the sale of goods, wares, or merchandize, embracing all the articles of trade, sale, barter or exchaog. (Cotton taxed by the United States excepted ) which any person shall make between tho first day of January and tho thirty first day of December, 1SG3, to be paid quarterly at the end of each quarter, to the several Tax Collectors, twenty cents on every hundred dollars ; on the gross profils of al! banks or bankiug institutions, two dollars on every hundred dollars; on the gross incomes de rived from the arts of photographing or da guerreotyping, one dollar on every hundred dollars j on all incomes 'from salaries, rents, dividends and money at interest, one dollar on every hundred dollars' in excess of Hw hundred dollars ; on the gross inor?os of all railroads (not exempted by law), from earn ings within the State, one dollar on ever}* hundred dollars. All persons keeping ho'-tls shall pay a tax of two dollars on every/Bun1 dred dollars of gross income ; all persons keeping restaurants or eating houses shall pay a tax of tv/o dol?an on cvery>bundrcd dollars ol gross income ; all persons keeping livery stables shall pay a tax of two dollars ou every hundred dol'ars of gross income ; bvlT butchers antfbuoksters shall pay a tax of one dollar on evcryhundred of gross income; ' all persons keeping billiard tables shall paya tax of five dollars on every hundred dollars of gross income ; all persons keeping bowling alleys shall pay a tax of five dollars on every hundred dollars of gross income; all-persons keeping bar rooms, whether connected with a hotel or otherwise, shall pay a tax of ten dollars on every hundred dollars of gross in come ; all persous keeping ferries or bridges shall pay a tax of one. dollar on every hun dred dollars of gros3 Income ; all peseons keeping toll gates shall pay t.-tax of one dol lar on ever}' hundred dollars of gross iccomo ; each perron or company. keeping a public race track shall pay A tax of one hundred dollars ; upon each public btick, stage, cor.ch, bairgage wagon and oihhibus drawn by two or more horses, there shall be paid a tax of ten dollars, and upon each dray and cart or bag gage apd expres? wagon drawn by one horse a tax of five dollars. . ii* " TAXES IMPOSED FOB.' CERTAIN PRIVItECES." cl All persons representing for gain or re ward any play, comedy, tragedy, interlude, or farce, or other employment of tho stage, or . any part therein, or exhibiting wax works, or other shows of any kind whatsoever, shall pay a tax of ten dollars per day, to be paid into the hands, of the Clerks of the Cauris, or of a Magistrate ra the absence of Ctgfk, who shall be bound to collect and pay the same into the public treasury, except in cases where the same is not? required by law to bo paid to corporations or otherwise. Upon every taking out of a charter, except for religious, charitable and educational institutions, there mall be levied a tax of twenty dollars ; upon eac?a renewal of a charter liable to tax under 1 this order, ten dollars, and al! companies in :orpora:ed in other States shall pay for the i privilege of carrying on their business in this State the same charter foe as is required of i ?ompanies incorporated in this State. AU i :ircus exhibitions, to be paid at the timo, fifty i lollars per day ; each and every person keep ng a dog or dogs, shall pay a tax of ono dol- 1 ar for cseu dog. For tho privilege of selling 1 ottory tickets within the limits of this State, ive hundred dollars per month, to be paid ' nootbly or quarterly in advance to the Treas- < uer of the State of .South Carolina, who, j t ipon inca paytopat, ?hall grant a license for j I . ^ r. .---r----:-. - - .- -f ' the time for winch such payment has been made, bat not for less than one mooth. \? " S?jBCgU. TAX..'' 4. A-^apitation' tai-cf oae^llar shall be paid byivery male per80?tl)?fe?i?en the ages of twe^oft-jone and sixty, residents of the S tate OD the i first day brjaauO-y, one thousand eight hnHdrtsLand sixty-eight, except such as are incapable of earning^avaupport by reason bf mental or;physical disability, jfropided,th&t idouble'???c?tioDs for the non-payment of the ?capitation tax. of the^past-,yj?jars'shall not be coforcod, and that in ?lHcases where execu tion has not been issued and no costs have ;Been incurred, thc tax may be discharged by the payment of the original amount on or be fore the.ficat:day of March, 1868.. >,?.. 5. All taxes levied on property as prescribed in this order, shall be paid to the Tax Collec tor for the District or Parish in which said property is located, jexcejjt Jbat^the. tax pp railroad companies'," express companies and telegraph companies, shall bc returned to and paid dir^ly^Mirto^M Treaaury^of^the State, and this return shall be made quarterly. ~6. All individual taxes will be assessed di rectly, upon, and collected directly from -the individu?is from wtonTthey are doe. '? i 7. The houses and lots on Sullivan's Island :shall te IrS?SnecTto the Tax CR>Il?t?/'?/ the tax District in which they aroNS?taat?dy?n the same manner as other town lots and houses, and shall be liable to- the 'same' rates of taxation. . ?J.i W aa : 8. Before the collection of the taxes herein provided for, every Assessor or Tax Collector {acting in the capacity of Assessor) in thia Sute, shall proceed to make an ad valorem assessment of_all .land?r-huUdinga-jad~jm provements, without distinction as..to-city, town or country property, and npon alj-ojjhcr property upon" which an ad valorem "?xHMS been levied, with reference to the market value of such property in United; States currency, and" without reference to any previous assess ment; and such assessments shall be subject to revision by military authority. Each. As sessor and each Tax; Cojhjrjtor acting as As? sessor, before entering upon his duties as As sessoF, .shall take and subscribe before the Clerk of the Court of the District the follow ing oath, which Khali bo endorsed on I1?3 com mission, viz : " I, faB.;do promise'andTswear, that I will, to the best of my ability, execute the datic3 of Assessor fotfmjr.. C?Hect?pn Dis trict,'and will, w?th?ut favour or p?r?i?ity, as certain.'and assess the actual value.of tue property, real and personal, upon which an ad valorem tax is levied, before and for the purpose of levying such tax." 9. Each Tax Collector shall attend at the Courthouse of the Tax Districf(or if there be no Courthouse, at some other public place), daily for one week previous to making his final return, for thc receipt of taxes pf his i esp ec ti ve District or Parish. All tax?s on property imposed by the provisions of this order shall have reference both as to posses sion and valuation to the iirst day of January. eighteen hundred and sixty-eight, oxcept where some other date is specially designated. All taxes on income imposed by the projrisiona of this "Act shall have reference to the amount of such income received between the fiist"aay of January, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, ar.d the first day of January, one thousand eight hundred and fixty-cight, and all such income tax shall bc due and payable on or before the thirty-first day of .March., 1808. 10. The taxes herein levied shall he 'jpn'? only in gold and silver coin, United States Treasury note?, or potes declared to be a k .4?l ten.'.'er-by . the Government of the United States or notes of National Banks, or the bills receivable of this State; and also pay-certifi cates of Jurors and Constables for attendance on the Conrts. The Tax Collectors of .the several collection districts shall be allowed, on all sums of money paid into their hands for taxe.', u commission as follows, thal ia- to say.: Thc Tax Collectors ol Abbeville, Ander son, Barnwell, Chester, Glareudon, Darling urn, Edgefield, Kershaw, Laurens, Newberry, Orange, Richland, Sparenburg, Sumter, Un ?fin,'York, Marion, St. Philip's and St. Mich ael's, at the rute of four per cent.; thc Tax Collectors of Chesterfield, Fairfield, Green ville, Lancaster, Lexington, Marlboro', Pick ens, St. Mathews, Prince George's. Win^a'i, St. Bartholomew's, Wiilmmsburg, at'the rate of six per cent; the Tax Collectors of All Saints', Christ Church, Llorry,. Prince Wil liam's, St. George's Dorchester, St. Helar?a, St. James' Goose Creek, St. James' Santeo, St. John's Berkeley, St. Jehu's Collcton, St. Peter's, St. Stephen's, at thc rate of eight per cent.;-the Tax Collectors of St. Andrew's, St. Luke's, St. Paul', St. Thomas' and: St. Dennis', at thc rate of ten per cent.: provided, that in any District where the gross amount of taxes paid in i-hi-U exceed thc sum of thir ty-thousand dollars, the commissions of the Tax Collectors shall bc two per cent, on such excess. 11. lu sales o? real estate upon execution for non-paymeut of taxes, if the amount bid for such real estate be not - greater than thc amount of the execution and costs, it shall be thc duty of the Sheriff to bW in the property for thc S'atr, ?md the title thereto shall there upon be passed to the State, subject to such equitable .rights ol redemption as may here liter be determined upon b>y legislative au thority. Imprisonment for overdue taxes is ibolished ; but whenever the amount of the lax, costs, de-, r/uny person Cannot be made jut of atv property of which be is p;-3sessed, the Sheriff holding the execution shall make return thereof to the Commissioners of Ro?ds jr Public Building, or Other appropriu;?*??u licipal authority, who .may enforce the pay ment of the tax due by labour upon theroads, oridges and , other publia .works : provided, that th9 commutation, value of such .labour shall not be less than fifty cents for a labour lay .of eight hours. .... . < tts All taxes levied ' by;tlm order, except ivben such taxes are* payable quarterly, shall ;o due and payable as follows j, Ono-balf on ir before the thirty-first day :of March,- ono :housand tight hundred and sixty-eight*and :he remaining half on or before the thirtieth lay of June, one thousand eight hundred ind sixty eight. Any person desiring to pay tho whole amount of his taxes (except such vs are returned quarterly) on or before the ;hirty-Grst day or March shall have Ihe priv lego of oo doing, and ?hall be entitled to.a liscount of five per cent upon the amount of axes falling duo on tho. 30th day of June, I?C8. 13. No Tax Collector or Assessor shall, re ceive his commissions until his returns have jecn received at the Treasurer's office, and , )een approved by him.. I. ^ ^ ,( 'f\ 14. Taxes-levied by mnnicipalU??s\ corp? alions or other local authorities, under any general or special law of the State, will con orm in principle to the modifications herein leforemade. Congressional News. The President's Message was read in b?lh louses on thc .31, and referred to the ap propriate Committees.. On the 4th, in the Senate, Mr. Drake ofiered i concurrent resolution that the President has xauscended his constitutional powers in tho anguage of the message referring to necon itruction, the language used being derogato ry to the dignity of Congress ind a' usurpa ban of their rights and privileges. Lies over. A'motion to print extra-copies of thePresi ient's message elicited debate, vcntilatiog'tha news of several Senators. Mr. Howard didn't ihink it worthy of publication. It was a libel >n every member who voted for the recon itruction bill ; it was-nothing les3 than anin lidious invitation tirthe rebel States to resist, >y violence* the reconstruction acts. He vould not vote money for the distribution of luch attacks upon the people's representa .ives. Mr. Anthony said the question was whether hey voujd depart jr OH, ihe precedent, and ?ereafter only print matter advancing their >wn views. Mr. Cimeron thought the message already ?ufncieni.h - published. Mr. Sumner moved to amend by printing >nly tho report. He coosidci-ed the message lot only a libel on Congress, but an incendia ?y document, designed to sur at? rebels. Mr. Buckalew claimed that tho President >ot exercised his prerogative in preseuting lia view? to Congress. . ' . Mr. Wilson said Congress, wasnoUotede? ?red from,its.work by either* tho Prudent ?r pr?s?; ?i?d Wi?S?uth w?1 be represented by he 4th pf, Inly next THePr^den. libeled tot only Vd??m ?MFW1lpg|^^ -IZ3T TL&? in Y< In ntl frc hn dr. $ 0. va F" fil,, jigrw^f^^ ilaring them unfit /or tho ballot. He de bared newspaper correspondents were in the ntcrest of the rebels, and made garbled .tat?mente. Mr. Dixon claimed reconstruction had been itrongly condemned by the recent elections. Senator Wilson introduced the following Sill, on the 4th : lie it enacted, That so much of the several icts relating to reconstruction as require a nejority of the registered voters to determine wy alcction or tho ratilication of constitu ions formed by conventions elected under the cresent provisions of said acts, is hereby re sealed, and at any election which has been or nay hereafter be held for conventions or rati ication of constitutions framed thereby, a aajority of the votes cast at such election ?hall deterrniwt the riani-1 ? 'i?' : r. 1 ?t In the Senate, on the 5th, a resolution to PrintJ-h-P niuial.niirril^y^r-^pi^of tfef Afefl jage was adopted. A bill striking white/ronithe lawjs. jad^r 1?Dance? of the D?rtri^waldfetmsacd^' Du ring tbe discussion, Morton, of Indiana, said the fe?fi?g against "reTjeH icw,* Its "alders and abettors, was strongns ever, and in ten years would be stronger. Tho bill passed-30 tt>--8. [t is Sumner's bill of last session, and abol ies every distinction, ...tty Johnson, pf Maryland, and Hendriclcsj nt Indiana, were taunted as extremists, whoso rotes had repudiated -their 'doctrines. 1 0 ' Lu .tho House., . Mr. Pain* introduced a bill Sar the more effectual government of tho rebel State?, which waa referred to the Judiciary Committee. ? :.. . inverai linancial billa wore-referred. ? Mn AshleyJ-W Ohio^iiitroddced *kAm to facilitate the restoration of the rebel States. Thelmp?achhaent c?s?Vas resumed.' The Speaker announced. that expressions of ap? plause orotbet^se^onrd'read'tolhe clearing 3? the galleries,, and .like' demonstrations on :he part of members would: lead them to the bar of the House. Bout well, who had the opening was allowed unlimited time. Early in his speech he argued against suspension pending final dtchtipn^r Btifote B?aty/<ell con cluded, {Fe House adjbtfrnda'.1''*' * ** , The bill repeal i cg the cot ton tax was re sumed. An amendment reducing the' tax*to Dne cent per pound was lout. The ameadme=t that.tbc Court of Claims shall have no jurisdiction over claims fotrobt ion tax? either .collected or to be collected, iud the bill a3 it came from the committee was passed without ame:id me ut-nays, 20. rho biTl simply abolishes the tex, commenc ing with next year's crop, but continues it on ;he present crop. v J Wisunftnov, ?December 6. * SENATE-The Tesoiotion-of-the Louisiana Constitutional Convention, asking a repeal of :h? cotton tax was^ presented and referred, ilso several;financial bills.' The concurrent resolution declaring that he President's Message in Hs allusion to tbe luestibn-of reconstruction was derogatory to be dignity of Congress, was assigned for dis :uPsion at one o'clock on Monday. .After, a short executive session the Senate tdjourned until Monday next. # HOUSE-Ineffectual efforts were made lo cgislate on the currency and tax questions. Mr. Boutwell Resumed his argument on tho mpeachment question, a'riuwas followed by Ar. "Wilson; Vtien a action to table the vhole -matter was made. A demand for tbe previous question was" lecondcd, but was staved off by a vote of G2 o 108. The 08 members continued filibus eripg during tho progress of calls for the louse, which lasted for two hours and a half, vhen the House adjourned" uulil to morrow. The vote yesterday in thc Ssnate striking he word " white" fro= the district laws and irdinances, was strictly of( a^acty character, ndicating that the late elections have had no ffect on senatorial radical]?m. The proceedingi in the House.- to-day indl atc that there aro 55 members tor ruipcach lent, and 110 against. On thc Republican ide o? the. House there is 5,0 majority op 03<d to impeachment. WASHINGTON, December 7.-The Senate ^s not io session. HOUSE-After unimportant business, the impeachment ca;e was renamed with fiUbus ering, led by Logan, and finally Wilson wi th rew the motion to table.' A vote was taken m the majority r?solution, ordering impeach nent, which was lost by a vote of fifty-seven 0 one hundred and eight. Absent twentyone. 1 motion to reconsider and lay the motion to ecousider on thc table prevailed, and thus mpeachment ends. The House went into Committee on the nessage. Pending debate thc Reconstruction Com nittee, to which Stevens requested several whits of the message to be referred, was de lounced as an obstruction to reconstruction. Stevens struggles against '.he turning tide to (xcite admiration and pity . No one heeds he vindictive utterances of the worn out eader. Without further business, the House ad onrned. The repeal of the cotton tax is before the leuate Finance Committee, where it meets pposkion. ? . , (ieneral Sherman has arrived and visited ie President and Grant He remains here iree months. ? f -?. ? ? * ?--Li A CANDI? MIND-There is nothing "that .eds so fine a light upou the human minias tudor. It was called whiteness by the in en ts, for its purity ; and it has always won ie esteem due to the most admirable of the irtues. How little sought tor or practiced, 1 do it the homage of their praise, ind feel ie power and charm of its influence. Tho ian whose opinions make the ? deepest mark pon his fellow men ; whose influence is tho ost lasting and efficient ; ^rhosi; friendship instinctively sought when'all others have roved faithless, is not the man of brilliant iris, or flattering tongue, or splendid genius, : commanding po wer ; but he ; whose lucid tudor and ingenia?truth transmit the heart's sal feeling pure and without refraction.- Thero "e other qualities whichare more showy, and iher traits that have a higher place in the orld's code ot hoqor, but none wear better, : gather less tarnish by use, or claim a deep . homage in that silent reverence'which the lind must pay to virtue* CJr*Thb Columbia Chronicle, the recently ar ted Daily, is dead. It was nell managed and dy edited. We regret its early demise. ^ar-Hon. J. T. Hoffman (Democrat) has been ?-elected Mayor of New York City over. J)ar ?g, the Radical candidate, by ever 40,000 voter. HYMENEAL. "MARRIED, on the 3d Doc, at the residenco of ie bride's father, by the Rev. L. R. G wal tn ey, tr. M. H: MIMS and Mire M. KATE LAN RUM. Our young friend and neighbor has entered into aradise ; and, from the very bottom of our heart, e wish him and his beautiful bride every bles ng that should attend the young, tbs brave, the tr, the good. > P-tr kindest thanks for the basket of superb ike. i Mj.np.ir.n, on the i7th November, attheresi ;nct. of ihrtrtoVf father, by the Rev. Henry IT. pavo, ' Mr. SAMUEL L. READY and Miss [ARINA JONES, all of Edgefield District, MARRIED, on Ure lita Nov.,' ?t^Mrs. S. Winn's, iraad-ipether of the brido,) by Rev. J. R^Toek ', Mr. -EDMUND D. HOLLAND and Miss rjSANNA'V. HUGTlE"S,"orAh of Edgefield. MARRIED, on the 5th in?t,-fcy Rev. Mr. Get. ,D, i*r.~J\ ff- COURS BY- ?nd Miss HATTIE , E. MATHIS, both of this District. AUGUSTA, Dec^. GOLDt-Brokers are baying at 137 and sellicg 139. COTTON-There waa a fair demand thia morn j?. At <1 ftirn were made at Iii cents tor- New >rk Middrra*. and 151 cents for hiato grade?, tho afternoon there was but little feeling in the u*kit on account of the unfavorable advices >m New York, and holders were anxious to sell t buyers generally hold off. ' The mark t dosed ft at 15 cent?: . ;? .WHSAT.-Red at $2 ?0@2 TO, White *V$3?0 BACON.-Shotidew -13, B. Sid?. 15 conts, mt- Sides Hi C. Sides 17 cents, afld -San ssed Hams 18@?c. .' sV? - - .Vo'?w t -5 vi?fj?3