University of South Carolina Libraries
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'ri , Vt" l+? ! i :1 r.1 1; ". ,rs'; "ii 4, s ;s ' , ~ . , .! :;,. i. ale--ad Tets: 1IhLL4R5i aet le( 'ed w.mmr ai die CASE.. ora yt piatq uher ~ wwte w " .*111th ae~ 4 bialnno the s rt .mdoid d A~ ~ vetsn : aiW~ieot M r.EUS.IW TermRti ~maa , Y.. dop 1, uia 'Waith gs pra etioe itio~a t this ,. .eh~ " i. Y > ehta7le of a.Meeay lsterFood ead'waIsuid apwi Ie a.een i ade , e~u.t r m h e l e s rt b a U e n ? L . t . m e sdi H i m e l '- , * i tl y P , affectingthe prloedlsignflw naad Goerait fband pbesiato the najYae ustuu f tbsri to fih trod prate A tonal lit jti ep 4 gra'd etoead ",wll " hse .sgntodeny f eitla li.' beuttezt- Sm~wwd a.reauiaace,,d. d+ aeers, aate tpeinrpl iplef Law ad Gaptin Cor ame aflived sfr the unoa4I, ofrt ~i :tepetihi totwn'ter atunre;y rt ow ab tl dil co r e d o a et ep i cp fteB pi$rtnn t wiyd g~ll h je - i t re l se wb -For the daefenoe and-advocacy of their, peincaplyta. Itaimlag only abe-right to judge of the suitablece falatce o netoadt ae shcitic .easuhoe then as may, be deuaed.eape'itent. - " in this undiertaking. we have thme. sauisfiaction .V anoening that several gentlemsen of .mhinent abili" ty indatainments have kindly, engaged to render uadsi4'Dl as5sitflfCa The Joural ia~il etali FORTY PAGES al reeding"' as~r ouJ s; c r~ent semenb'asou dreeds may .fawvr as with, not inconsistent with' the .edarateW of the work.-making at the end of the 7ear aneat volume of .480 pages, suitable for.bind tea in hook form.., "; with re rdtai the mieehanical 'e eention of the " i ai*, e deem-the announecmuent, that this will he bir the direction of the Measers. l)uaau, a caffi ~t1e'ig5*itny -for its faithfult and tasteful perform ae nd without further words, enecturaged by 1e~weedions of uood "will And, promises of hb staat~aid "froziimany friends., we throw the mat ter b.(urb thepeople with an :insrance of every c oto render'tisfaetiifl for the support thait mu'y =eridd to us: -and rsrpcctfully ask them to let F is i tit'me dirlirgi of yeur cot bi s dr ad' d nlde frtlediet eneduragir FrN he peehnIary pressure whiel d S" ths4ieginatg -f'the-yea, 'boren -heevil nua elsea'fha oeietyr hap happily..puans -' refwtity~jtaiar nisipated.dyisaoerad Goete .r! aw.-='=4quegeukwlede udoain,;ag .oriaitcairejan.we rfgl,harVesueDt j a Obc u . e r-descrptio sets the:.ati des of rem; - a'n , p er yr.a int.n..p"na 'unexamrpibd health, and our ppole,. mnquet An I t a0ut pt4t g 1kidisbge'f the 'i4dttydpose ae isn b.tho isti d ri tu-nat eth end-ngte 4' .i e nd+edals vh-aer e~ s'owd el 1361 a kmpbeat6e thepubli e11 l.; e Y .t.. gene - ifke ble'.jaa-Erto-eleet,- my " atriotisil iill-prochp tgs:J1oadoptsach of .them as wi rhpaceahagneeret arndripremnate the genera prospetrlg4 ns .giona 'ontiuets,. bj pasgpst,,peeiily committed to your keep anset, an my jpdguat, be more certainl' etid hasa yu d dbaepee to the leiot tiyg ,o'S~ -. New enuetnnts 3 required to-saitho aryTn caisanet of out eendition: bt legi lation' 1ili ieeksal break'down. the forms nd aes to Which a , people hare long heeil -ceOst'obie ahould no! be resortedto exceptilbldithef xcetfr presaar of necessity. Tire. peofle. Of-SUidt Carolian have-great-- reason ti -rest content with theil Constitutiona it atahdaa.:t is - far better tha its immaterl defects. should: be borne, than that we shquld begit-the-.hilatdous Mork o constiWtional reform.; 'M of the ild States ol the-"Confederney? oef owri,-ave at differ. ent times made f ihanges in theii Cons-itutions. Tbese-ehange-adaylhave served r for themomentmite'.sptiestesh piptilsee; but I have not been able to discover that those fQe whose especial -beneit they 'were introduced have been distinguished bya lhet elevation of sentiment, or been -rewarded with qrater pros. I perity than our own people,4wbo.stll cling with confidee to their oid -formahatd gather hope for the future from ibe eneoeragig-neellectionr of the past. Continue, then, by your example and policy, to teach your constitwents'n&t to lean on government,'but to rey--on their:dwn energies to work out their utihy. A people thus train. ed will be more jealosof their..rigit,and when a'sailed will stand up-more. maotally in their defence, than if their raipds are bewildered and their time wasted in fruitless efforts to better their condition by periodical chandes in their organic law. The prolivities.of the age are, to my mind ominous of anything but good to the cause of true progress. In certin section. eof th eonst do t riave ber -aowed. and Republic would have consigned their authors to lasting infamy and execration. The advocates of a 6 higher-law" sit in high p'aces; fanaticism talea triumphant in the land of Hancock and Otis; and moba are so common that the mis guided masses are fast acquiring a taste for blood. In view of the hideous phases which Radicalism has elsewhere 'assumed, and the bitter.fruits of his triumphs, Coriservatiqm may confidertljyappeal to.the patriotism of the're formner of armier latitude to postpone '.heir labbirs to a more anspicious period. There is wisdom and safety in the injunction of Holy W'rit: 'P.roveall. things; hold fast that which is good." .1 commend to you the preservation et'our Constitution in allits integrity. It has served us, and we owe It to ourselves to trans mit it intact to out posterity. - First- in order, and highest is importance, I invite your especial- attention to the financial condition of the Sate. The right to tax your constituents'-,he -most responsible and delicate of iall'your fr'usti-cannot be wisely exercised 'wiihoit'eobastantly keeping- in view the amount oreiur'obligatimons, and properly estimating the resourceswitb which they are to be moe. How far it may be prudent to increase our indebted ness, and in so doing create, ut no distant day, all necessity for increased. taxation, it will be for you to4eteranine.. .Our people ar. patriotic, and [-ain satisfied would- make'as heagry sacrifices as any people to preserve inviolate the publie faith but at must be'-borne in iind thaat .they cultiv'ate exhausted landsiand they will form an exception to the rest of their countrymen, if, with .the progeof onerous taxation before them, they do not emigrate to more favored regions, where if they have high taxes to pay, they wil have rich hairvestmson which the-.contrlbution .would be levied.' The following statement Exhibits the public debt of'the State, as it appears on the 'books oi the Loun.Office, on the-30th day of September, Whncnlaountont-' When due. lisRte i Amount of tractd. Istaning.ofint~l annasi InS. bteeY.-16 ste,57rest AS't e e selS p. at p,10 1831 5,T48 nauary, 180.ap 1,828 1 1831 '.$1 12 January, 18.1;6 -~ 60 64 }ue188 768i1956 Hr.1860 &1870 6P 46,096 11 ein anafy 187. 6 ' ,00 .-z.. ..ae 185:..;...,~ t6:' . . .. O To the aboys sanm of, #2,287,1iA6,23 niustbe added $80 ,000, the atoount State subscrip ton yet to be called for to the Blue Ridge Rail. .oad.Company. .This will give us,-ip principal .3,08,5,23,and an annual. interest-of..t72, . 476AL.-..( tothis is added the sum of $1~000, O. p0,th.awoJnnt.of bonds of said company to bi endysed-by the State, bearing~seven per eent Iterest,the entire debt of the State niafberaae down. a'84,08'7;166.23, with an annual intereal of 8242,47(61. When his-'sum Is increased as it most pirobably willebe, by anethernlillIor lfor 'the completion cof the State C.apitol; then whole' debt will he5,0874156,93, with _an an. nual interest of 6302,476,61. JAs the gi-oss-proflts of the Bank..for the last year were oinly S273,050,92, if Is apparent thal unless these'are largEly increased -forthe future ahirge portion of this interest must fall on the State TJqasury, and be met by an inerens. o ditAnhrd tipeet; .view .ef:-thinsheaibt think it must be all ted thaht we~ have miadi ufficient rresii' in the way of getting int< 1dyte'ltifv at least a tempornry pause. Tot 11; ' ,l~ral tIot offend the tax paying porlo: o yur constituents by declining to embark ii any newr. prbjectarequirlng new* loans to an: e1I3~O~I amount.,; -miperafinfg flie itenia of ite p'ubl~ci'ebee *l haeotte *i,05i,4l0,09, the ainount o srlus fnd deposited' by act-of Congress, be 1cau'se I have no apprehensiod that the 3tate will ever be called upon to' pay iit The publi' debt, no far as it vespeots the payment of the r ~interesat, is divided .into three classes: *1. That. she interest of which is' ebargeabl *jipothe Bank. This consists of the 5 and EgestarefB 3838..- - * 2. That portion of the debt, the itorest o I whicn is chargeable on the Sinking Fund. 1 osista of the tsy hentof 1794, and the e4[.1883; redes mable in 1869. .'m . nam'atf1 'ti'emt' oni a' I payabte eut-of the current fand vof the -, 1r vitlH w'he"%ondir'issued -1o- provide.. lb i ereetionu ofthe neaw tate Capital. . Thesamuotmt ased is $950,000 interrtl15,000,:Tbe'bonds w iscud tr prbvldell far:. the paymDteel .theasate t Inepcripiio- to the Bluefridge RailoadCoumpa. . -n Bonds to. the amount =of:$200,000 t hAve already been-issued, -the intereston- which will p-be $12,000; -There must be daring the ensuing 1 year a farther issue of bonds to provide -the means for carryingon -botirthese-*orks. The resourees of the State-to-meet the public Sdebt consist of stock in her various faiidieds,. jnd theurplis assets.eafthe #ank.: The-homi. nal. value of these stocks is $1;542.3000: their present-value.in marketis, 771,150. -'The le'plas meas of. the-State-in the Bank#' ioverie labilities,-is-$3,92 ,30 .' -- On reference tor-the-1Report aithe Comptroller Geneirlfic:iippearer that-he laym ents-for the year:-1856 were-865,602.93, mni-the. receipts at the Treasury. were *44142,89.-.o -- ' -My r predecessor- -edlled yoar'attestion to thaK Feclim 'of Mr Anthonp Hjie: fer ommissaions as. A agnt.f-th State for thaims. a aucount' of losses in the Aiorida ws;-. but-on -.reference to 1 yoau journals'1.lind that no actio was had onu the subject. Shortly aller, jour adjournme6t, Mr.. Hyde. urged ow me. the payment of .h elaim' U nr..ex5IaiOig the papers. in my de.. partmnent' "found- thathe late ;Governorr8ea 4 brook, h .appointed. Mr...Hyde -Agent of .the State, with a stipuration tiabe.face of,the pow - er..of.attorney.thatMr.4wa o reeeive.as his 1 .:compensation five per ce*nt..ogail iarnepolpeted. I Out of-thg1A,583'tb the 'ridit of-thp State at < the Uiitd'Sta'e'i t iuff,Thavep id him his A compensatido at-the~o fe of five.per cent., and, a. small charg. fox sppging,in al 845. Mr. j Hydo thinh4 he is entited-to five per cent. more' for his services. jf ova mucli equity there ir in his-olaim. youiwill ,bienalled to. deteimine by an eraminii oof.the Papers and coriespondence which are herowithi transmitted. .The balance, after da ', 'niiottnd * $600,59 j ogetha'vit $17,7815 fretioutly received, I i have dep6idted *iik the Treasurur of than Upper r Division. c Areport.frouh the Commissioners of the New I State Capitol' will'be fouind among the docu. t meats accompanying this message. In accord- t see. with-.your; itstructions, they have. changed th.site of th -boilding, and. modified their plans I so -as to, remedy the defects in their former - structure. - The walls for the foundation have 11 risen above the surface of the ground; and as V more than one hundred and forty laborers ore 11 employed on the work, its -further progress will 9 be - rapid - and -gratifying.. It -appears to - me, r though pretending to mo skill jnusuch matters, I P that the new masonry is very much superior to tl the old. The largo regular- hammered store, t arranged in horizontal layers of equal thickness, Ik gives it a solid and subsumntial appearance, which 0 forbids any fear of- a catastrophe such as befel a the former structure. The bonds of the State s issued for this building have all been disposed 11 of, and of their'proceeds only 'enough remains r< on hand to meet the wants-of the present year. u' ' i h i fe a tee" tateertrfditlle's strictest economy and the most careful husban. a dry of our resources, as the Capitol had been I begun by your authority, and is much needed by d the State, I Would suggest liberal appropriations tl for its progress and completion. There is .no e propriety in protracting the work f-r six or h .eight years, when it may be finished in three or f'ur. The longer the time of building this h structure, the greater will be the expense to the d State, so that true economy will recommend its it speedy completion. I ' The South Carolina College is in a more h flour'phing condition than it has ever been since ii its establishment. Its administration is able and r faithful,and I am assured-that the spirit of study i. has never been more general, nor the bearing of C the students .more manly. It. Is. objected by d some to the ipatitution that its advantages. are g confined to a partieular class, and calculations h have been made to show at' what cost to the 0 State these advantages hare' been enjoyed. I ti reApectfully submit that its benefits are not to a; be estimated -by the standard of dollars and al cents. If its founders had made it a question ra of arithmetic, it would never have been estab- a liahed. -And if-itis to be judged by that stand- t< ard, then perhaps it may be said .to have failed. ti But if the spread-of knowledge and a thirst for b its acquisition-ifthe development and expansion N of intellet-if pure morality, manly sentiment, fi refined taste, and. elevated thought--if thos'e p are rices t6 a people, then .has the .Institution C been a mine of wealth to thie State-thus fully e justifying ihe liberal 'polisy -which has always a sustained it.' . It is greatly' to bis'regretted that* PresIdent 'a Thornwell's determination to withdraw-from its *u government iemains unchanged. -I -regard his til retirement a public loss. He has discharged 'the .l arduous trust with unequalled ability and success, e and in thus officially - noticing hisi resignation, I *d feelithat I pay but a merited tribute to uncem- h mon worth and rare endow~ient, -. .On the 26th of Jr.nuary, that portion of the V College buildings knnwn as the East Winig nd .. Centre Building of Rutledge College-was total- ~ Jy-destroyed hy flae.' The West Wing wras sayed, but in. Iach, a damaged condition as to * emder its continued occupancy extremely un- a coinfortable, if not positively 'dangerous. The ~ inconveniences to which the Col-lege was sub. . jected by this disaster were so great, and the l demand for the reconstruction of-the buildings ~ so urgent, thpit asapeciul meeting, of the-Board t of' Trustees was, called in the hope that some scheme might be suggested, by which the build. inga could be replaced without waiting for a. 'special appropriatifd from the Legislature. The ' evils to be apprehended from delay were numer (,us and.grave. :It would have kept the College ~ for 'two full sessions in a condition altogether i unfit for the accomudation .of students; appli- d cants.would have been deterred .from entering, or if they had been disposed to come,,.could not li hare been received. The students now in at. r tendance wotild havi been crowded togethet- for y a-year longer,'"exposed' to the temptations to I idleness and dissipation, wiceh such' a state of I 'things naturally engenders. The College 'at I -the time of the fire was in a condition of- grow. c ing prosperity, and if it had' been allowed to a receive a shock, which would have been the case c hiad 'no Interest been manifesteti In Its reparation, Sthe cnoequenees might have been permanentlyi disastrous.- The Board was sosensible of these i .evils,,that it resolved, to rebuild at ope, and toi p ledge, as rar it was competents to do so,~ the 1 .faith. of.thbe Legislature. Thie ease, seemed too I aplain to admit of ilonbt. Th6 Legislature'couild c Inot suffer the College to lie in ruins. Besides,< there' w'zs sojne apparent claim upon the-State.t By an Act' of 1819, the Comptroller -General . was 'retired abnually -to' lisifre the College< r BuildIngs -against fire. Wtith the- exception ofr . two or three years, this Act was regularly exe cuted tntil-1841g when the Legislatuare declined i Smaking -the usual appropriation, on 'the ground, itwas understood, 'that the State ought to be I its own insurer. As then the Legislature had i assutned, in some dort, the l'euponalbility of an -Iriurer,-'it 'Was hoped that this' would be an ad ditional inducement for repaii-ing the losses oc e asioned by an accidental fire. Confidentl an- 1 ,ticipating the .frienjdly Interposition of the S'tate, the Board 'appointed A committee to make a contract upon the 'faith of an appropriation from ( t.c 'res..n.ittlen~r' - inn the, Camnlitteo, I found It imposieit ecuto theirvbu. mechanic *old d' 'the work.. With tetr dtiderate opiniitro. . oy~ l"o~ of Trustees befor' did :notrfcrupleto v gard -This ar nn' in whichas'he publc interest demander e. sjptprbdoncouk be made from thb' ft fuiid1 withobt. pre judice' o the. cu rnft n.- The asistsnee which I w leto"render, enabled the Committee to' contract upon v~ry favorable terms, audi work baa been comuple. led within a hhorter than was thought possible. -The Col appers An renovated beauty, and the tide prosperity-has bad so ebb. - - The entire cost' of new building is $22, 302.00. Of. this su vs ndvnneed out of the contingenf fund 'An appropriation if"$,802 wilt his to fulfil'tbe-oblig. ion of the.Bood'wi .. ontractor Mn Cow. over. I have _ rdinaryr draftsonthe onti7nt find,- $l, .-~ There are certain a offered for t prehonuiotr of fai ives4 jtieds.y and predecessor, vrhic ayehe sate-a claim or this The Mifilita yr-A are iostduWcesfulty ondcted ad-oda ilyo grw in pub i is estimation.' a t p of ia few years atdndg, th 'tfiilh . ready falw in every L161ic of -the 'Stets der ,your-fosterinz' are, the harvest in' 1l.rich nd abum. lnt. They wije t.r e cunrds than forts' aionde. T heindi. 'Tat-young man ,liimself :thus gener uly trained -b ht' - or the duties of life an 'nover forget that ' a state-.1O li! for -he will alwa4fee o r bas eenim ompn im,.and in the hour. trialn 'will egard-no iwrifice too da i of her institutions. Nice-policy dictated it capacity forgotd houmd be enlared. to tent, of -opr means. oo muck- praisuean be warded to Ge . awes Jones, Chair erinard of Visitors, .r-the unselfish hl 'hich he watches ver and guards 'the I' ternth. .He has .just. isson to be proud . success which -'haa rowned his efforts, 'a " State may congrat late herself 'that the ant. was initrusted ).the. guidance- of o highly qualified for With but a few'c e'" -u, I have reviewed he regiments. of She.' and fifth military di ialons of the State; a regiments of Ch-r. uton and Laurens' lets. 1. was grajitied ith the military's . ed, nod-theA~ kno mg flde "i engnrly10 ired. -The Adjutmnt Jnspector, General I' fond always at his d it affords me mich ieture t testify to -eal and..effieiency in ia discharge of hiis t. it is nut necessary tit I should ur e upq u the iSpotnce of seping up our pset, itia system. Ohr pa liar condition,-wid' dangers to:which we re exposed .bth? .within and without, could preclude the3 t of abanmdoaning it. is not desirable; acticableto make -glas soldiers of. o a,.buti~ is . import mat to rach:them t. udita fliac curity anvd defence. he muster field, like the phool house, has its lessons. It inculcates the aty of obedience, the virtue of courage, and i sent.ment of patriotism-and itithout these ements, the standard of charaucter can never be igla. The Free School system will receive at your mids that conideratio which its importance mands. Its results have fallen so far short of s object, that it may be pronounceda failure. as defects ha- been long felt, and yet nothing is been done except to double the sum of oney to be wasted under a bad system. It quires thorough and entire reformation. It unfortunate that the end which was evidently mntemplated by the act of 1811 has been aban ined, and that what was intended to intrdbce redually a general system of common schoola is been perveted to the exclusive education n, paupers. In my judgment we would return i the policy of 1811, and seek to inaugurate a ratem which, in its ultimate development, dgld brino the mesas of education within the tired of e-Thy fAdjmiyiteSat.Apefc dse, uiu nd cositwaypan s a easure ito oeationatlo. omtew to Leanschartlgfoe of inerstiete ete rintcipoldn mures-. oldlototepoul alia ondietina prd eadfrdutin on reosied o' th e omrproe n nilhti copihd nothingessirableb me preaahtobe acea.Ises.om emad, he irt sep houdre toestblshsfa igh choo in achistict y-nte Staow in which im'll coldbe reare fred uies r tevery igen yong en f idt ayouromteg moud b snt o cllge t Im~e repene abut-e timeoffie ofteacing or secroedgeriod fterthei grauatin. e.etiont.. shTld e-ni ir~aitut, steacersapuis -cud beno iind~ nfeio scool inevry phodtion of tife, icesabl o all The hi istl. as ap.im-fo marymeaure woud b 'ral;an efint egr-o iaon or opuar nstucto. Liher cntbes rofned 4A cty eton n ill cannitb hd.go" icrase lernig i on poton, of ther:mean-. ityelevtes he s andard o r ough iiaor, 'hehig scool wold th ic hrae ahen ing them withwteachers If i Stat, howverabould aclinrat m rk n agnera sysem, n . houl cninuestd istrc is aproprati nd fth inigetr the incple hichat p e *regiets thf Chtr Lv or pblicpolcy, eton i.s graniedtooe alfof urpoplaion Te onthehf wo onsttteurpoliica vibite geneqally - Sproortin towhit pouaion affd the Stae niderakusto rise eun to educaetenc poor shoud bespet whre t is mot neceded. Joder~~ ~ the prsniehon omoancey is r sx hndrd cilden, thin andthfotn r a dzen.In a atte f u ,.i v ia imporc regrdeandWefenhe. we liser ednk thenas : h ole w, hadiesnIt hulate bngte t of theditaee the rs of noured, candb e etopentro at otiss --uld wIa itouzteseo he ame Stoolenjoyemgwile reown, ad linke d ohae 'destieatio theprial blsingporthe ~eaand. If teushe he do p arey thothof pojet, ofa govermayt tey prnoyne lafaiprec ioandefethae been onultu polic y ntig utonerly to ate ue oa edadytin wher quiraes unirsal, and goernmntre tati i ecfortnte thati will. end.rhieas knovide rtumrultedb the aton81s bieae aan 4nd n htwa a neddt nrde rauly- eernate fcmo col and i. near the surface.. An ignorant.people. I nay pasuively,enjoy liberty, but they cannot. fel its inspiration,and will bring no sacrifice to its altar. - - - - 4:will not pt.snhan occasion eslarged o he - neesaity apd iniportance :ofjpblie in truetmar All civilized goverumetih recogize ;the duty,' Iandlabor to meet its requirements. The qib.* 'jet Abse. jtelf with. peeulia , foro to! a sla Jig .comi3nity. 'The ,e'rJd owen.its civilii .on to s1svery. It exista..uwth:us i s. desirable andenduriug from. "It ls.the -cornr'I stone of ourriepublican edifice," .and its strong.I 'ea.defence.. will be.,ound..i'u the education'of those pntrusted with its preservation.. . : It is, however; impossible- ti.tlie ,=preent. system, or any other, eau bewade (p .york well without, a responsible head., Thes uistibe J .unity andenergy. .Allow me to'prge upon yog,' as has'often been done,lhe nec essi y of appuniti] ing a,Superintendent ,of Public .In'tructiou C s Select a man suita6fle fo the work. .'sy hbim, liberally. Chelp.pffleers. asnally xender, 4tp I sw rvice.. Malie i1ialduty..tosiit every neigh.l i borb'odin theaSpqte,an&.auseedain'wherq gelop). 1 .are needed-where school' houses. niay becon. veniepily.located-where, owing.to spa-eseness h of population they cannot;.here ,thope-.who h are able- ro educate. will .unite. with the StatD I in. the establishfient. of.eademjes...In iwprd, ' dos has-been' don. elsewbers-have asurvey of he field'of ignorance, atd with. the.rnap-be-. i 1ore jos,.dedide on your system..: 31akei eats r this effort, 'And if it resnits in n'othing-if in t consequence .of insuriodntable difiiclties In. I our -ondition, no idap'ovement can. bb 'msde on b the reent system, aid the:oor ofthe; land are t hopelessly doomed 4dignorane o poverty, aind i erame-you will .t4 letfe consecois of .haying 'P done youor -duty,. and'ihe public siety, 'on the a subject will be-quieted. '' "Ih. Lunatic Asylum is. well malinged,aznd q successfully performs.its mission of mercy and g hanranity.. 1 feel relieved from the nede ity of i imaking any speciat reeonmendation. in relation v, to it, as committees wer'eappointed at your last ' Jession to examme its condition and report on b tsnecessities."After a. coinparisodrof its is t suits with other institutions, andaarcful ijspec. At tion of its inteiiOr coddition, 'I canot withhold, w the expression of my belief that it is an ieti- ti intion "more sinned'against than sinning.. . ' Not less humane in its object than the cars a a'nd treatment of janaties, is the inostruction of to the deaf, dumb and blind.. The State recogniaes~ m her obligation to. provide for. this unfortunate P Blass of her citizens, and has always generously. O 'r'eimonded to the p'eals which have- beenit ade ri in- their .ehalf. For many, years'a- spi* as w annually appropriated fof the maintenance and hi education of her poor mutes in Northern Is;ti- bi tutions.' Parents generally were averse to send-. tit ing their children abroad, and few availed them, t selves 'of the opportunity 'thus 'afforded. In -S 1849, Mr. N. P. Walker was inducedl byvarious ti considerations to establish a school for their ti education at Cedar Springs, within our own r State.. The motive that prompted the.effort was ea ;pa~Iaeworihy in t le highest de re._..Jis eiucjes, !~ iteviig*ti s~lheli I' l~i~ , has been remarkable, but his means are limited be and wholly inadequate to meet the increasing fc demands of the institution. I recommend to it; you the propriety of authorizing the c'mmis.. fE sioners of the deaf, dumb and blind, to purchase I the establishment, and to place. upon it such p4 additional conveniences and buildings. as will in make it efficient for the number of inmates who T are likely to ocenopy the same, and to lease it to rii Mr. Walker, or some other suitable teacher, or t to make some other arrangement which they T may deem the best, for the support and educa- re tion of the inmates. pr In this way 'the State may gradually and eco- lei nomically build up an- establishment of her own, pe equal to the wants of these objects 6f her a+ sympathy. to As part of the same scheme, I also recommend Pa that the same commissioners be authorized to to provide for the reception and education of idiots. w Until recent years, no effort his been made to P relieve this most miserable and pitiable class of m human sufferers. because their condition. has on always been regarded as utterly beyond the reach p' of human bcnevolence. Modern philanthropy, ft which has achieved such wonderful triumphS in re tht. ease of the mute,.has at last conquered' the at misery of the poor, neglected,- loathod' idiot.-It has been demonstrated by actual restult.that-the tli idiot has "some latent-germ of intellect,- and is hi eapable, under patient culture, of being.rendered a1 comparatively useful, domfortable and shappy. 01 OMhe deplorable conditionof these unfortunate E' creatures, It would scarcely be an exaggeration to say that they are little better cared "rfor than e' the beasts which, perish." What joy will it not s( impart to parents, whose homes are afflicted with m the presence of the idiot- ehild,.to learn that a I plaee has been provided to which -he- might be Ia removed, 'and. se light is graidually let in upon o his dark. soul, what blessings will -they not-invoke on the State that thus mercifully dispense. its oi eharity.' - -. t* .-An interchange of opinion with sejieral of the. pi Judges and distinguished .lawyers, has' indueed T me, though not a mueniber of thelegal profession, ju to bring to your consideration the -propriety of .a. making a systematic revision of the statutes of ei the State. . I rely with great confidence on the al judgment of those who have made: the law-the -Iii stud of their lives, 'and I .trust I shall not be. Ct readdas.travelling beyond the siphere of -my' in duty in urging upon you a matter that so-deeply :el concerns every member of the commonwealth. si I will not go into a statement of the many con. -ti siderations which to my mind render such a work Idi desirable, and I might- add necessary,. in 'the Iti opinion both of the Bench and Bar of the-Stafe- b< During the short Sesudons of the Legislature, lw and in-the ordinary course of our legislative ja proceedings, it is vain to expect that any tho- -au rough amendment of the law upon eveu .a few y, subjects, can be effected. If the ~'subject shall p appear to your honorable bodies worthy of at tention, I -beg leave to recommend,.that.:- cn missioners of-diligence, and ability shall- .be bi charged- with the-duty of reporting to the legis- .4 -lature for its consideration the general elemen- di tary. provision for a' revised .code 'of a statute u law, and some or all of theparts of such aeode- h -A mere compilation of statute law as it'iists b would necessarily be insuffieient, and -enwortby" r of great eff'ort; but if cornmissioners entrusteod y with the necessary powers, should be required a~ to report the natore and'-reasons of all the changes they mIght suggest, they would beible to d'evise'a general saheme to which all fhe parts could be conformed; ar'd their remembrance of ~ the legislative sanction, which niust preced-the n validity or their iuggestions, would restrain sufficiently any disposition on tholr part 'to ex travagant innovation. . I concur in tho recommendhtion of my prede- a cossor' as to the proprie'ty of repealing our usury , laws. These laws originated In ignorance and' .a prejudice, and, like nll government restrictions a on trade, are inconssent, with' the enligttened si policy of the age. They check -honest industry, .lIi and evaded, a's they constantly are, afford mnade-- J quate proteetion to those for whome they were ( enacted. Unprincipled men oceaslonally set uap .a the plea to avoid their obligations, but the un- r fortunate, or the unwary, rarely have tha forti- r tude to face-the psblic.disapprobationt~with which. - such efforts are- most generally visited.. Resti tion on the use of money-often deprive. indpi.,a trious men of. the- upaua otf estricatingtit selves from'etibariss est aa prepij tes. ruin whieb-timely i anght .e e9pd. :,r astens,-pevr keps oxths.evy ,f. sh. kpp ishqgslegize.d. swey glIgui ar .rct The trade in money should be .s:free .s .th. trade in aspy ther sompodity. 2The. tetat deg oate of. ba.eartb.does no, losesits orjgispl. eLarae, ter by the tnppq;9 iernmetatt p 2 . l ing iLis asaugeidi.prodgct of his leboy, es c.eop Mats, pbla er..- . ero Is-a , redasson te goverument to, undlertakbts o fThe valupof the >nea -of the .other. ,-Both are erchangeable. ommodities. and their prices should byp-left ta m-regulated by the law of. suply. and demasst. 3y:vrite.of charters, aaocated capil{- Epr. nitted to realize eight, tea, and even larger pig *a . h5 dhould 4.fi n dtd it pseriste -undea egear, to peves p 1ifA ;ite a gtreetiona. morals, it is, d ei .to ompreiheid.the ends. !hich yp the-pqi.. case sigmlizes the ..idjidip. ho.,sfekas ten per .eQ the u.of, iia a'as issqref aid ltbipther attempto ga.ffy.the slime praete :..a. t fdealinglq ezebangas.' Competition rmoney, as ii. everything else, must operate eneiciaily' p-she public at large.. These lawa axe been .olished in. the country from which re borrowed them, and I think, the exapmple. rorthy of imit4non. freeoqiehdan )teratio..pf our eneospre two, as a measure demanded by oui-- interiet, ad nece'sitie as an agrjettituml people.. Wheni ihber was abuirdaay4-j4. Iut Jittle, of our soil rooght into $itivation these lawa may have e'fropeu,'1t tltb 4.hang whjeh has .kea plae in ay cnditionibtiwgs' daong'wkb a necessity fora corresponding change of our oliey.- -The systemshould now-~be revered, sdinsfeedofem'pelling. the eiltivster of the tit to fence his crop, the--owner should bi rey aired to- .enclose his stoek.- Tilings 1-our. reat-interest, and should no lenger be-s bjetsd r:w 4at so. <onelous and 'unneeessedry. b is mstly-eheapeur to fene'omr-stocklr tha-,Cope be -timo-.and -timber annually consumed' In gilding and repairing fences, : ( tvhir fairl 's msnated..would:amountootonmenormouenlr, s is much..eapital- literali- annk,'With no retur . hatevef.. The prodcs-:of tbe. soil will: 'ma' re as weL uithout as-with-fenees, andthe law roult otee-thel- from the depredatidaafalie> ock of" the:country. We -are -not .sstock fainr: peoi, and. if-we were, our pesent ethod is the worst possible plan that could-be trsbeac to accomplish the-object. A-ehsngo of ir policy is desirable; :considered -silpiy Ti ference s4teeffect upon-stock. - vTheirnie unlb.e gieatly -enhaneed; 'for' animals,',ire' iman beings; thrive-is: nrobortion -tothes idr stowed upon them. I hazard' little iitsaying at in five years, ainder the better treatment ey would; receive,: Miaentire - stotk- of the late would bring more money in nsarket than ey would at this momeht, while in the qpean ns their value-as a means of enrfehing, our pgveiished lands would -be increased to a. tent aktiostineoiieeivable. On the other hand, it dlmeul to'estimatthe advantagea ort! J put to the annual custom of burmning our rests for pasturage-a practice dangerous in tel: and injorious both to soil and timber. ability to accidents on our railroads would'be sidei, and ou- courts would be rid of the uy, and, I tear, demoraljzing litigation grow g out of the killing' of stock. by these; reads, id land now taken up by fences-and it is :h, and embraces thousands of'acres over-the ' ate, v6uld be at once broughtinto cultivation. he time now wasted in the-eonstructjon and paii'of fenss would be devoted to the im ov'ement of our farms. Th'otimber that Is r in.our forests would become money to.our ople. - Such a law would infringe upon no in's right nor deprive him of a single privilege which he is properly entitled. . It would -im rt new life to agriculture, give a new direction I its efforts and add largely. to the aggregate I sath. of the State. I know that there are i rtiods of the State- that do not, and perhaps Ly npver, fee th, necessity: of this change of I r policy, but is it wise or just that the great ralanenat interest of. the State should be-sacri-I d in mere deferenos to'.the mistaken and er neomsnotions of our people on -the subjeat of ick raising and its supposed- privlleges' | An -application will be made to-ou for aid,:byi s State Agrioaltafal Society. The. Legislatuare a wisely contributed to the.medionl association d the mechaniesinstitute.- The -bakis-of- thei ganization ofthisocietyaffords reasonable ounds to-lhope that It willbe-permmnent; and mm sure you caotbhesiate to give qubstantiil leouragefment to all interest whicb is -the great] urne of our wdalth, and which, without mhr mringe.payes two-thirds of our- annual tjzes, rec.ammend the sum..pfffive .thousand dol rs be annually eontributedAo this sooiety,,so ug s it, continues to.exist. -' The administration of our laws In relation to ti colored-population by'omr courts of nmagis rteu-and- free holders,- as these courts- are at esent com~tituted. calls loudliffor- reforra. Iteir 'declions. are rarely in -ronformity eith stice orbhumamllty. - I have:i felt constrained, In majority ob1 eases -brought to my notiio, Ibrt-maythe- sentence, or- seo'Itraslde logether.. I recommend, -in all essees -involving -e, that the-trial of slaves -and free -persons of blr be held at the court house- of--the diutrict -whsich. the offence: is-comunited-that 'the ark, ordinarfrand sheriff-of--the~ district eoni itute a court to-tryku- bukcases, and-that w~hle us employed theyji- allowed the --ususl -per em. These officers enjoy the ce'nldence of e community,-and would be free-fr-o'a neigh arhood. prejudiee,-which too often sitandsln the syerfimpaitial justice. -The decisions of-such tribunal would ive satisfaction to the'publle, id itfford ample protection to -the master. It sold be a court. always at hand, and' would aisess the requisite intelligence and-humanity, alitiea indispensable ins those armed withuthe wer to pass upon the lifeanddeath of a-human ing, whatever ie hie condition- orocomplexion. oquld you deem itkproper-te associatefree hot-. rs,.then it, might lie the duty of theso. offieers naem. six,frpnat whoin- the defeodent--should ive the right~oselect threes UanIimifty should aneqmiratiina h verdlet.. Hlowevr -you may gsrd these suggestions, I bring the attter to in-rnotice, andler the strong conviction- that forums ecessary.:-.- s . - - The legislation of the State in relation-tecel -ed seramen has -long -bosh s' matter of cm ait and remonstrance-on -the part of foreign itions. So strong, Indeed, has -been the op asition to our laws on the subject, that at .me me formal proceedings were-matituted by the ritish Government to-tout their validity.'- -That tenmp, to coerce the Stat into a relaxation of pokey deemed to be unauthorized -alud- unn. masariy-stringet; wasnoon found to be as ill 1visede movement,- -and the prodeeding were buandoned as--formally:ss they were instituted. 'hi tight of. the State to enforce, s whin her mitt., sneh, police laws as she may desm ssen al to the public safety,: is a right whIch South arolina will never submit to the arbitrimnt of my-tribtunallon earth. She- does -not hold4 this ght-ayfrtue of written aehments, -and she reognises no rstr-aintia its -exercise-but such miri imposed -by her own-sanse of jieties and repriety:- <8e-ong-sthirighttradquestioned ad' sny dispeeitl'on-mmnifested tointerfere with .exab,o ir-Caolint elSuteynitUl foil stop fltllyeiadtcatad tjoq, NeNr tit, tits; spbjpat is.. barraarament why pra ditta ii" iif r ; 100 t .1 i r I ee . os dispsisioattytely. It is amt: pse recur tpthse a a gptAggeLoq ,p 111o it yon, "Or ebam high b"Ukp.Z / Apd P ity.4 oeat. he.yer..y eln r Jaw WAAAA gas m UT. 1',YWQPa1":6 dot of " y, tbutQa:,t l ; .p.,a.>" ..! da iered itsd fisstto" if the 1 hndi, r9 gle 1(utgc'eg..es _ two v - RW*S 09. :bye. _ nItta slwrrjhat4o.iis Q tt s Iqri. .5 deVelopgont. - , . 4a ;t ,l* ,aiew att><ttdey aoYoeed, ' ii cox 1.4, ouf.par a. eit liaer iii file '! lawfalvoewtiops, oibe deices into t.Fiem of weather,,are seised bpi tile: alieri* , as faioas; ttiroph ti e" publiq' t ,'" inmtroe, 3* ths.cow Rp b1)1."tio:$w's ", t r' ee ete'1, slr i' a While #q rF . utpl all Ja p epattt ,>pitb oR w ref. q Qopb Ii. ottld be,. ' .sp eed if' cn., manly deprived lhea3l ai d, a it1 r , ' t the prAtettci of ti}eaielt g003aid did:' c gaades them, and endesvorio;ettefte ttis ,toey Wesm 'theme dlo ~ mowed in tits lid the Yet![ end. Thee y is ; gone tbs at>dte seeks to " " Y:.- '" ' Ieeoni tba ' fbq law. be iq tope rlit Iore"ieat iea, the sa" otbt nalidi a, to remain on boa rd "their' v "f e allowe8.4q'land' whetde ?th&cdahlia 'alt be" sel tmay eqt jre, pori tlietr t 4lu l 1 permit to thiti 'effect tir'om tfte Ma)'oi bIa'(be'" ,. and' t wbilo on Iaad y lie eaibjeeted', ofdlRary i eitt'rietions tothe .1*1 s , odr opeGetIon:' S1 h d"'tllodMcaltlMr tt btild Y Iieve tlfb laiw'of 3silt, 'rrsJH ea i. wttlie it$iNn" . pr iinitln 'ihrtlght or ends t+tlr tier gtlidtr. " l atd oat' a edenbdb r ee l's tulle dobdlrtta'tht who'neek fa ahi rte M N& ly.,rels}tions with as, be abased, and'obe dlodl6al11 law be i6iate"" work: bt My,'1t:will:at *ij's% ciddi the imtitri i of they I;egtslatt t+e sa dwlp NeGiNly i epRitbfi aipais btli -8lavet ;hatr a+ 1ts't gi a tfnIVtb7Ep ainy11keittoai ' fttitti allowinga fewcoaededoe-tAae, to foi- der shdt.e+; :acad. ire'wee b t than stren tbe"institutidn by" WI hh d ivafodfid with any ; svelr eMe: . Whltbahhe iibM1t onitts4rd erm1tted1d4sol + Rha to ael it wkb & i m p o a t t y , W oo' 4 1 I ite d oas t or "aoddei" pi+esriear %f W_ flaw.tree-ne gteev.,%ar'i'etreign' antt Eattte tteitiea: to aatici tti hak miide tw overtbroiv 'tbei t tttfon, have thus- far sewed - bdt to strengthen it in 'tttt.' onfidenbe"aiW-t,%etiatrof'oer people. While, we continue to discharge-our true oW' 4 )ar'atavts, their loyaify'and"fidelity- i u a unshaken. 'The colored .hireling who mat vuI' to will am much in -their condition to envy.-" We met r'ealim they Important troth that liberty thorn of all its rights, I. bat"a - miersble- bonw eompaarcd with their substantial eomforte"ilid sappy -existence. 1" herewith tratismitresolutionsfrom the'Stati )f Rhode Island and Conneetiest. .1 received ertain resolutions from-the Staate"ofbiasaetomw. ietIs, which, I i+etarited to the Alovernor+ f dial Rate. Had Massachusetts confined herself t r teotatibne exptessive"of her feelings-andptrr.; aoses in re ation to elavery, imperttaent.' Ml nay have"regayded them', I would have recded ahem " with indifference; arid.,trausmitted, shears without comment;' but I eonaidee tneaati of her ate Legislature as an. insult and, an outrage ipon every " member of the " Gonfedetasy, _