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secede. And above all, my friends, let us lie united in secession. Our disunion wil nlone tempt an effort at coerlcion. Oul disunion can alo:ie brim us defeat. Le us be charitable to each other; and hokd every man to be a brother, who agrees with us as to the wrongs we have endured And is intent on redressing them. Wher ihe State Convention shall determine or the mode of redress--when it withdraws this State from the Union, all these will be with us; and in their generous rivalrx for the maintenance of the honor and liberty of South Carolina, they will per haps surpass us all in patriotic energy and usefulness. Unite-and in secession, anc with God's blessing, redemption is al band for us and ours. EDGEFIELD. S. C. THURSDAY, MAY 8, 1851. gj?" IF there is any want of finish in our editorial of this week, it must be attributed to the absence of Col. SrrxIs, w1ho is a Delegate to the Convention at Charleston and participating in its deliberations. L-" Our. readers will observe the commu nication of " INDEFENDENCE." We leave hin in the hands of " DECISIoN OF 1850," vho is quite equal to the task of a reply. The ton( of the article, in our estimation, i*not up ti the feelings of Edgefield. SOUTHERN RIGITS CONVENTION, ATTENTIox is called to the short abstrae of the proceedings of that body, kindly fur nished us by our Editorial Correspondent. CrARLEsToN. May 6, 1851. The Delegates from the Southern Right Associations of South Carolina assembled h Conveution at Charleston yesterdoy, May 5 On motion by Gen. J. H.. ADAMs, of Rict land, Gen. JouN BCc !ANAN, of Fairfield, wa ealled to. the Chair, and Wsr. H. CArBELT of Greenville, and CHRLES A. PRICE, of Kei shaw, appointed Secretaries. On motion by Gen. ADAnis, the Member of the Convention were enrolled by Districts Four hundred and thirty-one Delegate are i attendance. Mr. LYLrs, of Fairfield, moved that a con mittee of fifteen be appointed to select off cers and frame rules for the government c the Convention, which was agreed to, and th following gentlemen were designated by th - Chair as said Committee, viz: W. S. Lyles, Fairfield; A. C. Spain, Clar< mont: A Manigault, P. D. Torre, St. Phili and St. Michaels; B. Perry, St. Bartholk mews; A. J. Dunovant, Chester; J. H. Witli erspoon, Lancaster; D. Nance, NewberryT; Noble, Abbeville; P. L. Calhoun, Lauren! Jeremiah Dargan,Darlington; RichardDozie Winyah ; R. T. M~ims,Edgefield ; Dr..Meetz - or by - er Chairman, Mr. LYLES, i followinzg gentlemen as otlieers of the Cox vention: President-Ex-G ov. 3. P. RIerIAEDsoN. - Vice-President.-W. B. SEAROOK. all 3. S. AsHE, N. L GxRIFFIN, J. W. Sx~rso R. H. GooDwYN, B. K. HIENEGAN, and T H. GzsT. Secretaries-W. H. CAMPBELL, C. A. PRIc; S. B. FRASE II, A. SDIKINS, C. D. MELTON, C. WALKER. The repoirt of the Committee wans adopte unanimously; and thme President being com ducted to the chnuir, addressed the Convem tion at some length, and with great pow< and eloquence, in reference to thme causes an the objects of its assemblage. The Committee also reported rules ft the government of the Convention, the com sideration of which was postponed until t< morrow. On motion by Mr. H. PERONNEAU FINLE] it wdis resolved that the daily sessions of th Convention should be opened with praye and the Committee of Arrangements be re quested to secure the services of clergyme of diff'erent denominations for that purposm The Rev. Dr. So)IERs, being present, wri called on and delivered a fervid and impre: hive prayer. 'Hon. JouN E. CAREW having stated tlha the Southern Rights Association of Burk county, Ga., had appointed a delegation t visit the Convention, it was, on his motior unanimously resol-ved that a committee b appointed to wait upon the delegation fror Georgia, and invite them to seats upon th floor of the Convention. The President appointed the following geni tTemnen as the committee, viz: H~on. JouN E CAR EW, H~on. 3AMErS SruoNS, JAs. RosE, Esc and Col. A. II. CLADDEN. TIheo Conventiou then adjonrned until 1 o'clock to-day. There is great excitement here, and hig determuination. An address to the Souther Rights Association in other States will b issued, and resolutions adopted, clearly4. pressing the feelings and principles by whic we arc to be now and hereafter influened-. There wifl be counter resolutions; but iti thought our opponents will take no definit ground. They will be, I think, in an infini tesimally smazll minority, as fur as this Cou vention is concerned. I am pleased to find stronger party with us in the city than I ex peeted. Many. are of the opinion that she wil yet be carried. Northern merchants, wvho ar< making fortunes here to carry to the cities o the North, arc exceedingly alarmed. The: have shrunk almost within themselves upoi wvitnessing the extraordinary energy and spir it of the body here assenmbled. Our own peo pie here are gaining strength, and many loath' the0 connection with that Northern faction t< which I have alluded. And I am inclined t< hope that we. have, even here, the elementi if success. The Reporter for the Heral, wvho is here s.ys lie has wi:nessed many such assemblies 12 nm'xr cne so thereujtby unitv'l. GEN. WALLACE. TnE letter of the Hon. DA!NEL WALLACE which will be found on another column is tc the purpose; and will attract the notice ol our readers, by the heroic spirit it breathes Whilst Gen. WALLACe continues to tread sc gallantly the path he has taken, we trust thal promotion and honors may still crown hi efforts, and speed him cn his way. As will be seen the extract purports to be taken from the private correspondence of the honorabic gentleman, and has been given to the public on the authority of a friend. MAY DAY. TiE young ladies of the two female semi naries of this place, and we believe, of the whole Village and adjoining edintry, had r most joyous celebration of the first of May in our town. Such a profusion of flowers youth and beauty, and sugar candy, mar never beheld before. We have been prom ised a fair description of the scene for z future number, and if the picture equal the original. it will afford to our readers a mosl delicious morsel.. ION. R. B. RHETTIS SPEECJ. WE publish in this number, the Speech o: the Hon. SOBT. BARNWELL RHETT. It is ' statesmanlike and able production, the ver) ablest that we have had the pleasure of see ing from our younger Senator. Mr. RIET had before, given earnest of distinguishe< tale.ts. but, we think, not of such eminent ability as characterizes his last effort. It is a plain and manly exposition of ou condition, and the views of the speaker, whiel commands our own admiration, and whiel ought to secure to so courgeous a Represer tative the respect of all honest men. For ourselves, we prefer that men in hig1 stations should declare their sentiments fmnk I ly and boldly. It is wiser-to do so. Decei tion and cunning are pitiful in a great mat - and in the end, always injure the cause h s espouses. It is very common to hear men I high attainments, complimenting the corree ness and strength of the position of a speakei and, at the same time, regretting that. for th I sake of policy, he should have spoken out s plainly. It is frequently urged, that frani ness and directness may frighten off the pet pie from the support of good measures. Now we have more confidence in the patriol ism and intelligence of our people, than t believe that the plain truth will scare ther U from the support of the right. If such 1 their disposition, they are unworthy of fret dom, and are totally incapable of guardin their rights or of maintaining their indeper dence. We have no reliance in men whot we have to gull into our support, and we d not desire their aid and co-operation. Mr. RHETT marches directly up to his sul ject, embraces it, and never lets it go. F occupies, itn our judgment, the only trt around. Perinps, we might disngree wviI eenthusiastic temperament. But. considerin his excellent argument, as a wvhole, wve fit in it nothing to censure or disapiprove. d will do to rally upon, to stand upon, and 1 fight upon. ile contends that our wrongs would just ' yany tneasures of resistance by freemet that we mnust expect no reparation for itnji ~ries received, but contined aggressions '. the future. He thetrefore advises, thtat it the duty of the South to resist thte past ei eroachments upon her rightts, and on her fui - re to do so, that the ottly alternative left 1 South Cazrolina, if she means to be free, ist r secede alone, even at the risk of failure an dof overwhelming disaster. His remarks yor clearly prove, that the other Sothern Statt r have already acquiesced in the odious meni ures of Compromise, and that it is a vai hope for this State to expect aid from any < her sisters, before the initiative of secessio shall be made, and the contest begun. TI hat~zards of decisive ;tetion are not concealet 'but South Carolina is 'umonished to arn prepare, and march steadily forward to th accomplishment of her destitny, whether ft weal or woe. S He urges secession as our right inaliem~ - ble, and also explains the perfect practiet bility of our exercis.ing it; combatting wit t strength and power, the argument that ot SState may be unable to maintain her indt >pendence and support 'a separate govert ,ment. He has brushed away the flimsey ol 3 jections to at bold policy-the counsels of th 1 wavering, and the suggestions of featr,a "dew drops from the lion's mane."~ The speech is logical, as wvell as loftyi - its totne; and if it lacks any thing in disert .tion, it fully supplies the defect by its maul .truthfulness. Every man that is in earnest in his advocae ) of State Rights, will be repaid..for -endinlgi and will wan-nrernse or his omissioh4 ~7THE Fairfield Herald, has the foi lowing "It atppears to me, that the public men your State, so far as I can learn, are incline to counsel delay The papmr, however. ar generally, f or separate actiotn. How isi with thte perople." .The above qjuery wve copy from the Edge field Adrertiser, in which patper it appearsr a letter fronm its Alabarta correspondent. C course we cannot say with cefrtainty how iti -with. the people of the State generally, bt I of Fairfield wey are sure hter sons are unitei .and in favor of Secession from theo Northers States, a Southern confederacy, Free Trad, atd Southtern Rights. What say you Mu SAdrttier ! I In reply to our neightbor, we can say, wviti -, someI confidence, that we believe Edgefieldi all erect, and fully alive to the crisis. WV kowv that she is in favo-r of " Secession fron: the Northern States," " A Southertn Confede racy," ''Fre'e Trade," and "Southern Rights; and tve entertain very little doubt, that sh is in favor of secession alone by South Caro ,lina, before the termitnation of the existene ,of the present State Convention, in case o ou ?r.Arxc wiin thea tir. to obi:; th co-operation of other Southern States. In the course of events our district may lower her standard and belie her character, but she has the reputation of looking pretty steadi ly upon the flash of gunpowder and the blaze of eas's'eel. Pardon us for speaking a little proudly. We have no fears of our people when the emergency arrives. They are in advance of their leaders, if possible, and in the pursuit of the right-they are prepared to enter the breach along with the first. THE POSITION OF THE SECESSION PARTY. Tim policy of a large portion of this Dis trict and of the State is either entirely misun derstood by many, or greatly misrepresented. The men, who are most active and determined in resisting our politien1 wrongs, and in vin dienting our rights, liberties and- equality are ether styled 'fire eaters," or intemperate boys and adventurers, with nothing to lose and every thing to gain by a change in the gov ernment and by civil commotion; or their principles and plan of conduct, so far from being investigated and understood by those who would lny claim to all the discretion, and all the prudence, and all the responsibilty in the State, are really thought to be matters unworthy of serious and grave consideration. The readers of this Journal, if they will carefully follow us through this article, may I be properly advised as to the genuine pur poses of the secessionists, and as to the grounds they occupy in the present contro versy with the Federal Government, and the platform upon which they mean to risk their hopes of future promotion, their property and their lives. They hold it to be the duty of the South ern States to resist the past coeroachments - of the General Government on their property, and on rights and privileges which they can. not yield without being reduced to slavery t and contempt. Our wrongs are deemed tc 'ne of so grievous a nature as to demand any snerifices in their redress. It is therefore con. - sidered the duty of South Carolina to secede e alone, when she shall have exhausted all re. D sonable means to secure the co-operation ol - her sisters, or when it shall become perfeetly apparent that the other Southern States havt - determined to acquiesce in the late measure of political and actual fraud, termed the Com. D promise acts. 1 The charge that there is a party in the s State who wish to close the doors againsi Southern .o-operation, and to rush headlonC i into secession, without any preparation what ever, is utterly grcundless. There are man3 u patriotic men of great ability, who have n< o faith in any concerted action of all the Slave holding States, and, in that opinion, they ar sustained by the course of events: but her eare none who would not rejoice in the assur eanice of assistance from our sisters, and in th hprospect of forming a union of the South fo gand wicked, to attribute to them sentiment, dof any other character. If it shall appear t< tthe Legislature, or to the Convention whie] is to be called at the next Session of the Le gislature, that the Slaveholding States ar< Slikely to be aroused from their apathy, and t< become sensible of the importance of forminj a league for their mutual preservation, wv dare say, there is not a man in South Care :lina, wvho is not renidy to wait as long evei as two years for the laggards. I-The Bill too, authorizing the call of a Con Svention, as much as it has been eensured, is operhaps, the wisest that could have beer dframed. We speak after due reflection, ani yenn maintain our opinions by reasons tha1 are more than plausible. When the Legis lature assembles next wvinter, if it receive an) nencouragement to wait for the action of th< ,other Southern States, it cnn call the Con. nvention to meet, consistently with the honoi Sof the State, during the latter pnrt of the yeai ,ensuing, and by the wise provisions of thi ~Bill, the Convention may then defer its finn etion for, at least, the period of twelvt 'months. So, it will appear, that every-provi sion has been enrefully made, in that very in - discreet hasty measure, for profiting by al the favorable contingencies that can possibl: h happen. If we desire time to put the State rin a more complete posture of defence, it i fully granted to us in the odious Conventior Bill. In truth, it seems to have contemplated -our whole condition with a comprehensivi sagacity and deliberation seldom displayed it 5serious and exciting exigencies. It has left no room for cavil; but it would be unchari. itable to say, for that very reason, it has been most criticised and abused by vapouring tongues and satirical envenomed pens. The Act of the Legislature has afforded no cx e use for the formation of an opposing party, .and it has furnished no argument for sub. n mssion. SNor in our opinion, has the course of the 'einds of State Rights, State remedies, and 0r Secession in South Carolina, given ever th' .shadow of a pretext for the opposion and claior which have been raised against them at their own homes, by men whose destinies are e-mbarked in the same ship with theirs, and wvh4 declare their purpose to share the fate of their gallant vessel, whether it ride the storm, or go down amid the fury of the ~elements, carrying with it and burying~ be neath the wave, its wealth, its prond recol leetions, its hopeful passengers and its doeo ted crew. Now no man believes, that ever the most inlemperate disunionists wvould me ject the proff'ered assistance of Alabama oi alMssissippi, or that he would refuse to delay neation for even twvo years, if at the end of thec time, we could certainly realize that aid? W ihy then aceuse the friends of the State, w iho are determined on resistance, at every hzzard, even without further provocation, of precipitation and of a desire to prevent co operation ? The answer is easily given. It is true. that the Editors of the Southern Pa triot, and one or two Federalists of the City of ('harnctxa arc sth onilv men in the Stato, of respectable attvmments,.who ire rea13s satisfiedwith ou 'onfedereyfafia are conversant vith sts ben'Ats. But thero c is a party of soie conequence in S. Caroli- tj na, who though the" a nfriendly to the n Union of these States, ahd rounsel resistance b to the tyranical acts df Gh eneral Govern- q ment, by the united. effo f the .Sonth, are v nevertheless opposed to'itheeparate resis- r tance of South Carolina,,in any event,-even n in the event of the worst legree of oppres- I sion. These gentlemenudttprisent, meekly a advise moderation, delayiabd co-operation- R when they incai thafSR hig olina shall t! never not alone. It is the policy they adopted v from the beginning, in ordrtoa.gn.partisans. a They dnre not state theirposition clearly and boldly, for they are toodweTdiscliplined a set 1 of politicians not to know, that if the people of S. Carolina were edni'lgced that their ul- n timate aim was to lullitgoi7State into quiet t submission, they would 'not command a cor poral's guard to do them reverence. We make no statements from guess, we have r some acquaiptanee with the.movement of our d people. It is as trueas FHly writ, that many of the friends of moderation intend never to I: bring up their State to the highest point of d resistance. They truly.believe that such a I course would be attendsdwith utter failure d and ruin, and "that it is better to bear the ills we have than fly to thase we know not of." a Time will develope the proof. r Now we maintain, that there is nothing but I moderation in South Carolina. There has not yet been one preeipitate act committed, nor one step taken which we could not justi- I fy as ooosistent with the emergeney, and our I sense of honor and duty. We have ha-i an 1 exhibition of rather too much coolness and I prudence. It is just as clear as that the sun 4 shines,.that we shall have no, assistance from I our sisters, until the first-blow be struck, and I still all parties are willing to wait for a co operation which, in our. hearts, we know to be impossible of attainienit. If men would call measures and things by their right names, and take their positions fearless of consequences, we should at least be able to determine in' our minds, whether we shall acquiesce in 'lavery, or take honora ble action for the vindication of our freedom. FOR THE ADVERTIsER. MR. EDTroR :-In my -last I endeavored to show, that should. South Carolina secede t from the American Union for causes which already exist, she would go out by herself; and that by suspendiir the act of secession there were probabilit e of securing the co operation of other States, having an identity of interests and in sifficient numbers to en sure a peaceful sepa n, and to command for the new confedemsy, that respect for its dignity and regard fgr its rights, from other Nations, without whiclr State Sovereignty, would indeed be thetshadow of a vision." ;Let "u~:ngW] 'omeof the conse that may follow ~taiofiispbitiff exodus. Should South Carolina secede, the Government of the Junited States will either construe her act as. "fiat rebellion." and at tempt her coercion by arms, or permit her to go scotfree and at once recogr-ize her in dependence-or in order to avoid the moral effect upon the other Southern States, of the application of practical force, by the Federal Government to one of its members, and to deny us even the dignity of a respectable struggle, it will establish a floating Custom house over the bar at Charleston, and there collect the imports which are now. received. in the city. The first proposition I will not now con sider, as I have no apprehension (I should have said hope) that it will be the line of policy which the authorities at Washington will pursue. They understand thise game too well to hazzard in the beginning any overt act of oppression which can both be seen and felt by the people; but, acting upon the max im that " there are other ways of taking life than by hanging," prefer the mysteries of legislation upon the "higher lawv" theory, whieh their party-hacks, even at the South,. are ever ready to explain and defend. We will now examine the other alterna tives, and first suppose the State of South Carolina to have seceded from the United1 States of America; She is now an indepen dent Republic, surrounded by a great Nation,i ~about fifty times larger thtan herself in terri-I tory and over thirty times her superior in population. The larger Nation owns in thei heart of the metropolis of the smaller, valu able real estate, and also, a large and well| constructed Fort, with its full complement of men and guns, which commands her only available port. It will be necessary to changei the ownership of this property and to adjust many important and intricate claims between the parties who entertain for each other no] good will. 'This settlement must be con-i ducted upon our part with the most consum mate caution and liberality, stnd in the quint-i essence of good temper. We must needs: then take " the best we can get," because for sooth we are the weaker. Nor will it do toi fy into a passion and commence a fight, hoping that other States will come and get us out of it. We must remember that the issue has been changed. It is not pow a I struggle to maintain the institutions of the South, in which every slave-holding State is t equally interested with ourselves, but a squab ble about chattlos, real and money, in wvhich all the members of the Confederacy, South t as well as North, are interested against us.r Were the Con res orefuse to transfer the . Custom-haouse n'e might burn it to the ground; but how' wiul we secure the pos-r session of Fort Moluitde if it was denied ? .. We will, however, jaimagine all matters of I account settled between the parties, and the 1: domain of the rRepub!ic of .South Carolina s uninumbered by foreign chaim or possession. g The first of her acts would be to -nlter and s amend thme Constitutiont wvhich would at once t hwaegt a -contest betwen tho lower and upper 4 ections of, the.SLate, on the question of t a resentatloa=-a questionlvhictvould in: I rease in inteiist and impotantej in propois t on to the greatness atid linportance of the c ew Republic; and hence, I fear, be more < itter at the beginning than at any subse ucnt period of our national career. Next s rould come the establiliment of the nume- c 3us offices pertnining to a Nation, and the t ppointment of Officers, Clerks and Agents. t 'oreign Ministers and Consuls are Io be sent I ut, and the first furnished with out-fitsi r ited to their position and the Court where c icy are to reside. Treaties are to be made % rith European Nations, and the times, modes t nd conditions of crossing the Savannah Ri. S er and the N. Carolina line to be prescribed t v law. A Mint isto be built. Post Offices i re to be establishad, and the carrying of the i nils let to contract. An Army or a substi- i ito of some kind, is to be organized and t aid. A Navy is to be built;-Seamen iught and Cannon cast. In truth, the whole inchinery of government is to be started e-noco, and at what cost Heaven only knows. But we will again suppose that the Repub- c u, of South Carolina has surmounted all the < ifflulties Inoldent to a withdrawal from the I kmerlenn Union, and discharged the heavy < ebt whioh was incurred In the organization i f har government. She takes her position mm;gst the Nations of the earth, with the E ghts and responsibilities of sovereignty. ler first and chiefest duty is to respect the t Ignity and rights of other Nations, and to I ause them, In turn, to respect her dignity 1 nd the rights ot her citizens-even on the 1 igh seas. Can this be done by appeals to bstract Justice? Or singing anthems to reedom1 Or ranting about the qualities of ;overeignty? Did Right, Justice or glorious 3ivalry outweigh "numerical strength" on he battle-field, Ireland, Poland and Hungary vould at this day, each be Sovereigns. It is seless to talk about the virtues of Sove -eignty, unless it has the "numerical" as well is the moral strength to sustain it. Rows ;ox CRUSoE, while on the island of Juan Fernandez, was a sovereign and Friday a dave ; but it is probable that if Friday had ield the iusket, instead of Romnssox, he ould have held the sovereignty also. My readings of the history of Nations, teach me that they have adopted the simple rule of Ron Roy, that. " He should take who had the power, And he should keep who can." With a different race in our midst quite equal to our white pnpulation-a race whose ondition excites the false sympathies of the world, and which by foreign tamperings, ould be made worse than valueless, it would be necessary to ennet the most stringent laws ind regulations, not only for the confinement of colored seamen, whilst thle vessels to which they are attached remain in our ports, but to enforce similar measures of precnution along Lhe whole line of our interior boundary, in '6ertogprevent diacntont-adiaguyxetion. L;uTrWv prevecnt this mischievous meddling, if permitted to enforce laws as stringent as ingenuity can devise theno? And will Eng land, France and the United States permit tem to be enforced? The first enquiry is nswstered hy the fact that we cannot now do so entirely, though protected along our long est boundaries by Georgia and North Carolinn, imd tile second by another fact that England and France are each complaining of our law in relation to colored senmen, even while wre re unoder the protection of the Americnn Flag. A correspondence between tile British. Consul, at Charleston, and the Governor of our State on this subject, has recently been iven to then public. We all remember the Comnissioner sent by the State of Massa :hnsetts to Charleston, and the object of his mission. I1ow long after we have set up for orselves, wrill it be0, before the Northern ttes will memoralize Congress on the sub jct, and urge tile protection of her citizens. [t may be that the United States Government ill declare all fugitives from Cuba, Brazil or the Republic of South Carolina, found in its Northern territories free, or if found in any of its slave-hlolding States, forfeited to the nformer. England or France may choose to eelare, and wviii believe thlat the imprison eat of a colored cook, belonging to one of heir trading vessels, a violation of the law af Nations and an insult to national charac ter. If reparation be not instantly made they ave the easy redress of biockading our ports md shutting us out from the world until it a nmade. Whlat resistance could we make Ignist a Fleet of fifty, or ten, or five sail? end out our Navy "resolved to do or die," md ittnek it ? Where is our Navy ? Where ur Seamen? I venture the assertion that n tile mlarine of the world, there cannot be ound of natire born South Carolinians. a. uffcient number to man and sail one Gun oat from Georgetown to Wilmington. It s easy to say "let us man ships and defend mr independence on the wrater-let us arm -egiments and meet them on land." It wvas ls quite easy for the Irish soldier to say he u~d aptured three prisoners by " surround ng them." Perhaps, gentlemen who talk so flippantly bout " manning ships" and " arming Regi uents," wrill be somewvhat surprized to learn le cost of these small articles. I onelewv .n economical young planter whio determined o be his ownl phlysician, and in laying in his tok of medicines, ordered a pound of salts nd a pound of quinine. We have the au hority of a former Secretary of WVar-a run of distinguished abilities-in estimating e cost of any armed Vessel at 8'1,150 a run, with 84 per cent, wear anld tear per an um. And this estiinnte does not include the1 xpenses of the crew 'to sail and' fight her. irst rate Steamers cost about $50,000 a gun, I 'esides the expenses of the crew. He esti antes the cost :of Fortifications at $3,500 a' un, exclusive of/the expenses of the garri on and cost of- repairs. Again 'he estimates be annual cost of ech infantry' soldier at I jt~and -nth-,t of a volnter "Ahout dthreei mes that amount. How long will the ap ropriation of $300,000 histwith:difts1:pon he fund commensurate with the above seale f prices? The State has no public lands r other sources of revenue except that of irect taxation. Will the body of the people ubmit to an increase of taxes? I refer the urious to our intelligent Tax Collector for te general feeling in this District, relative to lie present rate of taxation. But should the tople of the State, actuated by that senti ient of gamllantry which pervades every class, onsent to an indefinite increase of taxes, -ill not that increase depreciate the value of hat very species of property which we are o anxions to preserve? We have been told hat the odious Tariff of '42, was one of the 3struments of Abolition, undermining our stitutions by reducing the value of the pro ncts of its labor. Will not the heavy debt, he State will be forced to incur in order to lace her in a condition of defence, and which ebt must in honor be paid, entail a burden f taxation which will depopulate the State? rhis last enquiry suggests another, and one qually as important. Where would such of ur citizens go, as desired to emigrate? The aws of the United States, and I believe, of ery civilized Nation, already prohibit the ntroduction of slaves into their territories. 'he master might leave the State but his ervants must be left. It is a well established act, that the negro increases more rapidly ian the white race, and as time rolls on vhat in God's name! is to become of the' -eaker party In a country crowded to excess, vithout territory to colonize or ability for onquest? The exelamation quoted by Judge 'UCK.ER, in his admirable speech at Nash ille, rises involuntarily: ' Horrcsco referens.' We will next examine the last proposition, hich is, that an effort at secession will be egarded at Washington but as the petulant utbreak of an iritable temper, invo Ing no ore serious consequences, than the removal f the officers of Customs, from the city of "Oharleston to a Seventy-four outside the Bar, nd the landing of the cargoes of importing essels, at one of the forts for inspection. What then would be our condition? It will ot do to impose extra duties, for this is but to increase the price of goods Intended for ur own consumption. Shall we attack the Government officers on board their Vessels of War? How is this to be done? We have neither ships or heavy guns, nor the material or artizans in our own borders, for building, rigging and arming a man of war, capable of contending with a Navy, which has a world renowned fame. Would the Ad ministration permit implements of war to be introduced into, what it may choose to term a refractory State? We are told that Con gress would interfere! To do what? To bate its own Custom-house, establIshed by t under the Constitution! The President ay tell Congress, that his. removal of the ficers of Customs, was a peace. measure embers who call secession, treason,. will eem his measures mild. Full many a mem ber of Congress, sincerely believes that a State has no more right to semede, than1'has a reeholder in a populous city to burn down his house. And is it reasonable to suppose that the same party in Congress (one which s daily increasing in strength and in influ meue,) which inflicted upon us the evils we are seeking to remedy by secession, will be ome our champions and tender redress? 'he representatives of those States whose sympathies might be excited in our behalf, are now and ever will remain a helpless mi oriy, so long as they continue members of ht Congress, or their States members of the Confederation it represents. Again we are told that England will not allow her ferhantmen to be stopped and revenue ex cted upon their entrance into the Charles ton harbor, when the State of South Caroli ia has declared it a free port. Is it fairly >resummable that "Concervative England," vould recognize our Independence upon a bare declaration of Secession? or that she ould again engage in a war with a Nation which has twice suecessfully resisted her ower, in order to sustain a principle and ex mple which she has been combating and pun ishing since the discovery of the American ontinent, and which she is now vitally in terested to reprove and repress? But this intervention of England is to be effected by the magic of Cotton! Now if the position f England or France is to be deternmined by their Commercial interests, we have only to ~ontrast the amount of the exports and im ports of South Carolina and those of all the thr States in the Union, to learn which way hey will be inclined. In this connection, let t also be remembered that Great Britain and 'rance must ultimately get the surplus cot on of South Carolina, and upon the same erms that they get the crops of the other oQtton States, as certainly by not regarding ur declaration of Independence, as if they id and endeavored to force a free trade with is. Again, would not. England rather rejoice i a rupture of this Confederacy, towards vhicha she has ever looked with an eye of ealousy, and regard it as the dawvn of the lownfall of slavery-an institution which she ias denounced as "revolting to humanity," d wvhich she has long since voluntarily ibolished throughout her dominions, at a lost greater than many times the value of ie entire crop of South Carolina? -That Iglnd, with whom the doctrine of Aboli ion originated, and who was the first Nation apol earth to put it into practical operation, hould so recant her former principles and ecome the guardian of a little State upon his same question, and deliberately incur the perils of wvar with a mighty'Nation, and the' ss of her best market, seems to me to be bsolutely preposterous. I am constrained then to the belief, that ession by South. Carolina alone,.: would esult 'either In our being nominally an In - dndcnL oveintnte but in reality, a little Qommonwealtb,'rich enough td' entice the cupidigy 6f the world, and too feeble to do fcnliei- honor or protect her rightA-or that tleatt'empt at secession will be regnrdi d by the.Government at Washington, only to the etit* iif removing the Custom-house and preventing the importation of munitions of war. That we could exist as an independent Nation, I cannot-believe, with the history of thes Republieoi Texas before me. If we were undisturbed, the natural increase of the slave population would beget miseriesgreat or than War. Nor do I believe' thit we could alonc counteract and resist the Influ ences of the Federal Government, other than actual force, which would be brought. to benr against us. Concessions would be made.to the other Southern States, the mo ment that South Carolina announcedher: act; of secession-the tariff reduced to a revenue standard, and every .actofs.Congres- hereto-. fore known at the South.as "Federal usur pation," so modified-or-repealed -4 to-eniire' those States remaining passively in harness. Especially will commercial -prileges and federal pap he showered upon our ceoterma-' ons States, for the double purpose of quiet-' ing them and punishing the wandering ish mael. In coming to my conclusions, it is frankli acknowledged, that my mind has been -no; little swayed by the signifieant. fact that.all the old leaders or the Nullification. party, who are now alive-HIamroir, BARXwEr.,.. PRF.SToN, our own BuT.n, TnoMSou, Hr MOND, Judge WAsDLAW and"PIcEENs.af. irge the necessity. of co-operation. -These men must have merit and ability or,'they could never have taken the high: ,positions. they did on the Tariff and other.,uestions. We are estopped from impeaching their jugd ments by the manifestations of confidence we have so often given. If they were ever able to advise, they are competent still.' Be cause advice is unpalatable it does-nottfollow that it !s unwholesome. Our former leaders cannot divest themselves of recollections of the year '32, when they hourly sawaited.. a summons to Charleston, at the .headof Rcgi ments and companies; and after the heatof, excitement had passed and the Aiidini which South Carolina would hae*been left,2 had but one gun been fired, ap aredto their sober senses, they well remem r the revul sion of feeling which then occurred, and how. fervently they gave thanks to the Great Rnu ler of the Universe, for averting a carnage which would have wrought no permanent. good to the home of their affections. * x perientia doce." And it seems that not only old Nullifiers have been-taughti' but 4tat some old Union men also, haveunlearned their former.lessons.and are.:nowaabid ae cessionists. A variety of lessons-are . by Experience. If our soil hadbeen in it is certain that our people wonid 0iive made a most brilliant strgnie. Andui would they now. But courageand spirit-are not the only requisites of sucess' in' war' Spartan valor won-only a grav nt Therwopy Ia. The invader wasinot arrested; nonhaie, we a Troezene whence to convey otR,.women' and children. I have now, Mr. Editor, given.Aii V t candidly, my reasons for the pouit'o .havi taken, " that the co-operation.of other s1iVe holding States, is essential -to. ucessfs1 resistance of Federal tyrannynad to4be well being of one State after its.-conneetion with the General Government ds dissolved.. .South Carolia..is in.ts u~ip~ hesgpered fortin idek uopel i.hed to. determine th'fe ist6 e fne.As' equally interested with hiinself. If mppg ions are overruled my first dutyliator segg' - esee--gDy next ia~to y.ithalgeinty..niy. order~tvhiih proceeds from the supreme.pow er of the State, andthis T will do. - , INDEPEUnESCE. TRIBUTE :0F RESPECT. CoEsURay, April 30,1851. A meeting of the Students of Cokesbury Institute being calk-~d, en the occasion of'the removal from onr midst, by the haid of death, our friend and fellow-student, FRANKLIN WALTER BATES, the following preamble and resolutions were unanimously adopted: Whcreas- it has pleased Almighty God in the inscrutable dispensation of his providence, to take from among us our beloved fellow-stu dent, FlNaxEli WALTER BEs; and where as it becomes us as members of -the-instite tion to which he belonged to give seime testi monial of our appreciation of his worth, and our grief at his untimely end, Therefor Resolred. That we nost' ninsblytf&his loss, and deeply sympathize with' his bereav ed faumily in their sad affliction. Resoled, That in evidence of this, feeling, we will wear the usual badge of morning for thirty days. Resoled, That a copy of the abpve Reso lutions be transmitted to the Paren'ts of our deensed Friend, and to the Editors of-the Abbeville Banner, Edgefield Advertiser, Pal metto Srnte Banner and Southern Christian Advocnte for publication. ' 3. W. CARLISLE, Chair'm. W. G. BAss, See'ry. To KEEP DoGs FROM SnEEP.-Sheep: wilt be protected from being killed or in any-way molested by dogs, by putting common-sheep ells upon them-to every 25 sheepput~on two bells, which will make suffieient noise to frighten them, as all sheep dogs tare cowards, and will run away at the first sound, and this fnet has been amply tested by many farmers around me. Some who had no bells on their sheep, had many of them killed in one h' : others, myself among 'the numberiiho.had hells on their floqks were not in the least disturbd.--Hartford Times.. ,Egr NEwVSPAPERS or' THF WORr.D There are i0 newspapers published in Austria,"14 in Africa, 24 in Spain, 20 in Portugal,,30 'in Asia, 65 in Belgium, 851in Denmark, 90Bin Russia and Poland, 300 in Prussia,. 820 .in other-Germanic States. 500 in great Britain and Ireland, and 1,800 in the.United States, EPIGRAM. Virginia is the mother, Of mighty States and Statesmen too - But Resolutionsdiscove, - She's failing as great mothers-do. O A LaDY in. Cambridge (Mass.) de on Wednesday week-so the phyizu~pu and was laid for burial in hier widig het; but from the fact that the bodj still thi ed an ap parent warmth1i thoughtheWo'is not the slightest appeararnee of reptIonntWP ment was suspended.w..On BandabthedaJM pened.,her eyes and realledaer tiagPP49 Albert, give me some wet#t,4 e ~st W TNiE PROGRESN t rapid that they keepahead 3pe ntWmalstmll