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secede. And above all, my friends, let us be united in secessinn. Our disunion will alone tempt an effort at coercion. Our disunion can alonle bring us defeat. Let us le charitable to each other; and hold every man to be a brother, who agrees with us as to the wrongs we have endured, and is intent on redressing thim. When the State Convention shull determine on the mode of redress--when it withdraws this State from the Union, all these will he with us; and in their generous rivalry for the maintenance of the honor and liberty of South Carolina, they will per haps surpass us all in patriotic energy and usefulness. Unite-and in secession, and with God's blessing, redemption is at band for us and ours. EDGEFIELD. S. C. THURSDAY, MAY 8, 1851. g rIF there is any want of finish in our editorial of this week, it must be attributed to the absence of Col. Sixis, who is a Delegate to the Convention at Charleston and. participating in its deliberations. 0 Oun. readers will observe the commu nication of" INDEPF.NDENCF." Ve leave him in the hands of " DEcisioN OF 1850," who is quite equal to the task of a reply. The tone of the article, in our estimation, ianot up to the feelings of Edgefield. SOUTHERN RIGHTS CONVENTION. ATTExTioN is called to the short abstract of the proceedings of that body, kindly fur nished us by our Editorial Correspondent. CH ARLESTON. May 6, 1851. The Delegates from the Southern Rights Associations of South Carolina assembled ir Conveution at Charleston yesterdoy, May 5 On motion by Gen. J. H..ADAs, of Rich. land, Gen. JoHN BUC-AXAN, of Fairfield, was ealled to. the Chair, and Wa. H. CA1rBELT of Greenville, and CHRLES A. PRIcE, of Ker. shaw, appointed Secretaries. On motion by Gen. ADAMs, the Members of the Convention were enrolled by Districts Four hundred and thirty-one Delegate are in attendance. Mr. Lkmrs, of Fairfield, moved that a com mittee of fifteen be appointed to select offi cers and frame rules for the government oJ the Convention, which was agreed to, and the following gentlemen were designated by th< Chair as said Committee, viz: W. S. Lyles, Fairfield; A. C. Spain, Clare imont: A Manigault, P. D. Torre, St. Philij and -St. Michaels; B. Perry, St. Bartholo. mews; A. J. Dunovant, Chester; J. H. With erspoon, Lancaster ; D.-Nance, Newberry ; E Noble, Abbeville; P. L. Calhoun, Laure'ns Jere'rniah Dargan,Darlington; Richard1Dozier Winyah; R. T. MimsEdgeield; Dr..Meetze ~,-pore by -n cir Ch airman, Nr. LTzis, th< following gentlemen as officers of the Con vention: President-Ex-Gov. J. P. Rrcu~uansoY. -VicePresiden.-W. B. SEABRoOK. ant .3. S. ASHE~, N. L. GRIFFTN, J. W. SimrsoN R. IH. GoomerN, B. K. HIENEGAN, and W H. GIsT. Secretaries-W. H. CAMPBE LL, C. A. PRICE S.-B. FRASERI, A. SDENrs, C. D. MELroN, 3 C. WAI.KEn. The report of the Committee was adopte( unanimously; andl the President beingr con duieted to the chair, addressed the Conven tion at some length, and with great powe and eloquence, in reference to the causes an the objects of its assemblage. The Committee also reported rules fo: the government of the Convention, the con sideration of which was postponed until to morrow. On motion by Mr. H. PERONNEAU FINLEY it wais resolved that the daily sessions of th< Convention should be opened with prayer and the Committee of Arrangements be re. quested to secure the services of clergymei of different denominations for that purpose. The Rev. Dr. So~MEas, being present, was called on and delivered a fervid and inipres. sive prayer. * Hon. JToHN E. CAREW having stated that the Southern Rights Association of Burke county, Ga., had appointed a delegation to visit the Convention, it was, on his motion, unanimously resolved that a committee be appointed to wvait upon the delegation from Georgia, and invite them to seats upon the floor of the Convention. The President appointed the following gen tlemen as the committee, viz: H-on. JouN E. CAREwV, lHon. JAMES SINIONs, JAS. RosE, Esq. and Col. A. HI. CLADDEN. The Conventiou then adjonrned until 10 o'clock to-day. There is great excitement here, and high determination. An address to the Southern Rights Association in other States will be issued, and resolutions adopted, clearly-~'eN pressing the feelings and principles by which we arc to be no0w and hereafter influenced-. There will be counter resolutions; but it is thought our opponents will take no definite ground. They will be, I think, ini an infini tesimally small minority, as far as this Con. v-ention is concerned. I anm pleased to find a stronger party with us in the city than I ex pected. Many are of the opinion that she will yet be carried. Northern merchants, who are making fortunes here to carry to the cities of the North, are exceedingly alarmed. They have shrunk almost within themselves upon witnessing the extraordinary energy and spir it of the body here assembled. Our own peo ple here are gaining strength, and many loathe the connection with that Northern faction to wvhich I have alluded. And I ant inclined to hope that we have, even here, the elements of succesa. The Reporter for the Herald, who is here, reays he has wi:nessed many such assemblies, i~: na.e- c~c so thoro'.jhly uited. GEN. WALLACE. c TuE letter of the Hon. DANIEL WALLACE, f which will be found on another column is to h the purpose; and will attract the notice of. our readers, by the heroic spirit it breathes. Ii Whilst Gen. WALLACE continues to tread so gallantly the path he has taken, we trust that promotion and honors may still crown his N efforts, and speed him cn his way. As will e be seen the extract purports to be taken from i the private correspondence of the honorable o gentleman, and has been given to the public, b on the authority of a friend. MAY DAY. TiE young ladies of the two female semi- t, naries of this place, and we believe, of the whole Village and adjoining eAntry, had a most joyous celebration of the first of May b in our town. Such a profusion of flowers, d youth and beauty, and sugar candy, man never beheld before. We have been prom ised a fair description of the scene for a future number, and if the picture equal the 0 C original. it will afford to our readers a most delicious morsel'. 1ON. R. B. RHETT'S SPEECH, V WE publish in this number, the Speech of I the Hon. RJBT. BARNWELL RHETT. It is a statesmanlike and nble production, the very 1 ablest that we have had the pleasure of see ing from our younger Senator. Mr. RIIETT had before, given carnest of distinguished I taler.ts. but, we think, not of such eminent I ability as characterizes his last effort. It is a plain and manly exposition of our condition, and the views of the speaker, which I commands our own admiration, and which 1 ought to secure to so courgeous a Represen tative the respect of all honest men. For ourselves, we prefer that men in high stations should declare their sentiments frank- < ly and- boldly. It is wiser-to do so. Decep tion and cnnning are. pitiful in a great man, and in the end, always injure the cause he espouses. It is very common to hear men high attainments, complimenting the correct ness and strength of the position of a speaker, and, at the same time, regretting that. for the sake of policy, he should have spoken out so plainly. It is frequently urged, that frank ness and directness may frighten off the peo ple from the support of good measures. Now we have. more confidence in the patriot ism and intelligence of our people, than to I believe that the plain truth will scare them from the support of the right. If such is their disposition, they are unworthy of free dom, and are totally incapable of guarding their rights or of maintaining their indepen dence. We have no reliance in men whom we have to gull into our support, and we do not desire their aid and co-operation. Mr. RumT marches directly up to hiis sub ject, embraices it, and never lets it go. IHe occupies, in our judgment, the only trtue ground, e~riaps, we might disagree with enthusiastic temperament. But. considering his excellent argument, as a whole, we find in it nothing to censure or disapprove. It will do to rally upon, to stand upon, and to fight upon. lIe contends that our wvrongs would justi fy any measures of resistance by freemen : that we must expect no reparation for iniju ries received, but continued aggressions in the future. He therefore advises, that it is the duty of the Sonth to resist thme past en croacehments upon her rights, and on her fail ure to do so, that the only alternative left. to South Carolina, if she mena to be free, is to1 secede alone, even at thte risk of failure and of overwhelming disaster. H-is remarks very clearly prove, that the other Southern States have already acquiesced in the odious meas ures of Compromise, and that it is a vain hope for this State to expect aid from any of her sisters, before the initiative of secession shall be made, and the contest begun. The hazards oif decisive action are not concealed, but South Carolina is -udmonishcd to arm, prepare, and march steadily forward to the ecomplishtment of her destinmy, whether for1 wveal or woe. He urges secession as our right inaliena ble, and also explains the perfect practien-1 biity of our exercising it; combatting with strength and power, the argument that ouri State may be unable to maintain her inde pendence and support 'a separate govern-] ment. IHe has brushed away the flimsey ob-< jections to a bold policy-the counsels of the wavering, and the suggesticns of fear, as "dew drops from the lion's mane."r The speech is logical, as well as lofty in I its tone; and if it lacks any thing itn discre-r tion, it fully supplies thie defect by its manly truthful ness. Every man that is in earnest in his advocacye of State Rights, will be repaid..for reading it, and wvill wart~mr-etarse or his omissioh4o H~ THE Fairfield Herald, has the fol loing "It appears to me, that the public men of your State, so far as I can learn, nre inclined to counsel delay The palpm., however, arec geneally, f or separate action. How is it a The above qjuery we copy fromn the Edge ield Adrerhiser, in whlich paper it appears in a letter frotn its Alabtran correspondent. Of course wve cannot say with certainly howv it is I with- the people of the State generally, butr of Fairfield wve are sure her sons are united 1 and in favor of Secession from thme Northerm: States, a Southern confederacy, Free Trade Iand Southern Rights. WVhat say you Mr.t Adrrisr! j In reply to our neighbor, we can say, wvith 3 some confidence, that we believe Edgefield is a Iall erect, and fully alive to the crisis. We t knowv that she is in favor of " Secession fromi the Northern States," " A Southern Confede- v racy,"'- Free Traide," and "Southern Rights;" I Iand we entertain vecry little doubt, that she o is in favor of secession alone by South Caro- c ina, before thme termination of the existence of the present State Convention, in case ofh ..: fr..urm wimmi t!a tL to obbain the, c D-operation of other Southern States. In c ic course of events our district may lower a er standard and belie her character, but she a ns the reputation of looking pretty steadi- i upon the flash of gunpowder and the blaze r f eas's'eel. Pardon us for speaking a little proudly. t Ve have no fears of our people when the r mergency arrives. They are in advance of r ieir leaders, if possible, and in the pursuit t f the right-they are prepared to enter the ii reach along with the first. HE POSITION OF THE SECESSION PARTY. v TiE policy of a large portion of this Dis- r rict and of the State is either entirely misun- f erstood by many, or greatly misrepresented. I 'he men, who are most active and determined 1 i resisting our political wrongs, and in vin- c icating our rights, liberties and equality are c ther styled - fire eaters," or intemperate boys t nd adventurers, with nothing to lose and 9 very thing to gain by a change in the gov- F rnment and by civil commotion; or their , rinciples and plan of conduct. so far from s ing investigated and understood by those ho would lay claim to all the discretion, and c i the prudence, and all the responsibilty in t ie State, are really thought to be matters r nworthy of serious and grave consideration. c The readers of this Journal, if they will a arefully follow us through this article, may e properly advised as to the genuine pur oses of the secessionists, and as to the younds they occupy in the present contro- T ersy with the Federal Government, and the T latform upon which they mean to risk their topes of future promotion, their property and heir lives. They hold it to be the duty of the South rn States to resist the past eeroachments f the General Government on their property, md on rights and privileges which they cnn iot yield witlout being reduced to slavery md contempt. Our wrongs are deemed to )e of so grievous a nature as to demand any I ,acrifices in their redress. It is therefore con idered the duty of South Carolina to secede done, when she shall have exhausted all rea ,onable means to secure the co-operation of ier sisters, or when it shall become perfectly Lpprent that the other Southern States have. etermined to acquiesce in the late measures if political and actual fraud, termed the Com-. romise acts. The charge that there is a party in the State who wish to close the doors against outhern co-operation, and to rush headlong nto secession, without any preparation what ver, is utterly grcundless. There are many itriotic men of great ability, who have no aith in any concerted action of all the Slave iolding States, and, in that opinion, they are mstnined by tihe course of events: but there re none who would not rejoice in the assur inee of assistance from our sisters, and in the rospect of forming a union of the South for md w~icked, to attribute to them sentiments of any other character. If it shall appear to he Legislature, or to the Convention which is to be called at the next Session of the Le gislature, that the Slaveholding States are likely to be aroused from their apathy, anid to become sensible of the importance of forming z league for their mutual preservation, wve lare say, there is not a man in South Caro lina, wvho is riot ready to wait as long eveni is two years for the Inggards. The Bill too, authorizing the cnll of a Con vention, as much as it has been censured, is, perhaps, the wvisest that could have been Frammed. WVe speak after due reflection, and an muainitain our opinions by reasons that 2re more than plausible. When the Legis at ure assembles next wvinter, if it receive any meurgfement to wait for tihe action of tile >ther Southera States, it can call the Con erention to meet, consistently with the honor f the State, during the latter part of the year msing, and by the wise provisions of that Bill, the Convention may then defer its final ietion for, at least, tihe period of twelve uoths. So, it will appear, that everyprovi mion has been carefully made, in that very in lisreet hasty measure, for profiting by all he favorable contingencies that can possibly ippen. If we desire time to put the State n a more complete posture of defence, it is ully granted to us in thre odious Convention il. In truth, it seems to have conltemphl~ted >ur whole condition wvith a comprehensive sagacity and deliberation seldom displayed in erious and exciting exigencies. It has left I 0 room for cavil; but it would be unehari- I able to say, for that very reason, it hras been nost criticised arid abused by vapouring ongues and satirical envenomed pens. The et of the Legislature has afforded no ex use for the forniation of an opposing party, nd it has furnished no argument for sub iission. Nor in our opinion, has the course of the ~iends of State Rights, State remedies, and ~Seession in South Carolinai, given even I ishadow of a pretext for the opposion and< laior which have been rnised against them I ,t their owvn homes, by men wvhose destinies a re jembarked in the same ship with theirs, anid f the declare threir purpose to share the fate I f their galianit vessel, whether it ride the 1 trm, or go down amid tihe fury of thei lements, carrying with it and burying be eth the wave, its wealth, its proud recol- i etions, its hopeful passengers and its devo-c ed crew. Nowv no man believes, that even 1 be most intemperate disunionists would re et the proffered assistance of Alabama or Iississippi, or that lhe would refuse to delay etion for even two yeaurs, if at the end of the I me, we could certainly realize that aid ? Vhy then accuse the friends of the State, rlo are determined on resistanrce, at every azzard, even without further provocation,a f precipitation and of a desire to prevent co-d peratin ? The answer is easily given. It ritrue, that the Editors of the Southern Pa- . miot, and one or two Federalists of the City s f hkarus ,r a to non in the Stato. I: f respectable attAments Who are reallZ mtisfiedwith ounfeay id re conversant 'W'tfits bretits. But there i a party of some o uenee in S. Caroli a, who thou1theya unfriendly to "the 1 Tnion of these States, and onnsel resistance 1 D the tyranical acts df tliode ieral Govern ient, by the united, eff? oit-the -.South, are evertheless opposed to the' eirate re'sis- I mee of South Carolina, in any event,-even i the event of the worst-degree of oppres ion. These gentlemen,-a4t risent, meekly dvise moderation, delayand co-operation- I ,hen they nean tharitli'dolina shall evernet alone. It is the policy they adopted rom the beginning, in o Qtegen partisans. j 'hey dnre not state theirusition clearly and oldly,for they are toowell disciplined a set f politicians not to know, that if the people f S. Carolina were cdnvineed that their ul- 1 imate aim was to lullili.State into quiet 1 ubmission, they wouid 'not command a cor oral's guard to do them reverence. We iske no statements from guess, we have ne acquaintanee with tbmovemont of our eople. It is as trueas Holy writ, that many f the friends of modqration intend never to ring up their State to tho highest point of esistance. They truly.bolieve that such a ourse would be attendedi'with utter failure nd ruin, and "that it is better to bear the ills ve have than fly to thanb we know not of." [ime will develope theiproof. Now we maintain, that there is nothing but oderation in South Cardlina. There has ot yet been one prcelpItete act committed, or one step taken which we could not justi y as oonsistent with the emergency, and our ense of honor and duty. We have had an xhibition of rather too much coolness and rudence. It is just As clear. as that the sun hines,_that we shall have no assistance from mr sisters, until the flrstblow be struck, and till all parties are willin. to wait for a co peration which, in our hearts, we know to e impossible of attainnierit. If men would call 1esu res and things by 1heir right names, and take their positions Fenrless of consequences, we should at least be able to determine in 'our minds, whether e shall acquiesce in iavery, or take honora ble action for the vindication of our freedom. 'FOR THE ADVERTISER. MR. EDToR :-In rey.last I endeavored to sow, that should South- Carolina secede rom the American Union -for causes which ilready exist, she would go out by herself; and that by suspendig the act of secession there were probabilitfes" of securing the co peration of other States, having an identity of interests and in sonilcient numbers to en sure a peaceful sep n, and to command for the new confedentgy, that respeet for its dignity and regzard ftfr its rights, from other N'ations, without wiliiSt ate Sovereignty, would indeed be-thehhadow of a visiron." Let, ~ 1~ oe'of the conse that may folldw -tr~1 ois litiiT exodus. Should South Carolina secede, the Government of the Pnited States will either ionstrue her act as. "flat rebellion." and at tempt her coercion by arms, or permit her to go scotfree and at once recogr.ize her in dependence-or in order to avoid the moral eff'ect upon the other Southern States, of the appication of practical force, by the Federal Government to one of its members, and to deny us even the dignity of a respectable trggle., it will establish, a floating Custom bouse over the bar at Charleston, arid there ~ollet the imports -whtich arc now -received n the city. The first proposition I will not now eon sider, as I have no apprehension (I should ave said hope) that it will be the line of policy wvhich the authorities at Washington ill pursue. They understand this game t on well to hazzard in the beginning any overt et of oppression which can both be seen and pelt by the people; but, acting upon the max m that " there are other wvays of taking life ~han by hanging," prefer the mysteries of egislation upon the "higher law" theory, which their party-hacks, even at the South, ire ever ready to explain and defend. We will now examine the other alterna ives, and first suppose the State of South carolina to have seceded from the United tates of America. She is nowv an indepen lent Republic, surrounded by a great Nation, bout fifty times larger than herself in terrn ory and over thirty times her superior in opulation. The larger Nation owns in the wart of the metropolis of the sma~ller, valu ble real estate, and also, a large and we~ll :onstructed Fort, with its full complement of nn and guns, which commands her only vailable port. It will be necessary to change he ownership of this property and to adjust nany important and intricate claims betwe~en he parties who entertain for each other no rood will. Titis settlement must be con lueted upon our part with the most consum nate caution and libenality, and in the quint asence of good temper. We must needs hen take " the best we can get," because for ooth we tire the weaker. Nor will it do to y into a passion and commence a fight, oping that other States will come and get is out of it. We must remember that the sue hias been changed. It is not now a truggle to maintain the institutions of the louth, in which every slave-holding State is q~ually interested with-ourselves, but a sqnh ile about ehattlos, real and money, in wvhichl .11 the members of the Confederacy, South s well as North, are interested against us. Vere the Congress to refuse to transfer the1 Justom-hose we piight burn it to the :round; but how would we secure the pos ession of Fort.Moimltrie if it wvas denied 1 We will, however, itimagine all matters of] ecount settledhbetween the parties, and the 1 omin of the' Repubtiu of..South Carolina ninumbered by foreign claim or p'ossession. 'ho first of hier acts woumld be 'to :alter and mend the Contitution which would at once anat e, cotetst infun it h P '1er an nfper eetions of the State, on the. question of .t toresentatilonl-a questionvbiicntoild inz j rease in inteiest and impoftanee in propois t ion to the greatness atid importance of the c iew Republic; -and hence,-I fear, be more c ritter at the beginning than at any subse- d juent period of our national career. Next s vould come the establislhment of the nume- e oUs offiees pertaining to a Nation, and the It ppointment of Officers, Clerks and Agents. t loreign Ministers and Consuls are to be sent >ut, and the first furnished with out-fitsi r mited to their position and the Court where c hey are to reside. Treaties are to be made % vith European Nations, and the times, modes I mad conditions of crossing the Savannah Ri- s 'er and the N. Carolina line to be prescribed t )v law. A Mint is to be built. Post Offices i ire to be establishad, and the earrying of the i nails let to contract. An Army or a substi ute of some kind, is to be organized and t id. A Navy is to be built;-Samen aught and Cannon east. In truth, the whole nachinery of government is to be started < le-noco, and at what cost Heaven only knows. But we will again suppose that the Repub le of South Carolina has surmounted all the , ifficulties Inoident to a withdrawal from the I kmerien Union, and discharged the heavy c lebt whioh was Incurred In the organization i )f her government. She takes her position ImOngst the Nations of the earth, with the -ights and responsibilities of sovereignty. Eler first and chiefest duty is to respect the t ilgnity and rights of other Nations, and to :ause them, In turn, to respect her dignity md the rights ot her citizens-even on the 1 migh seas. Can this be done by appeals to c ibstract Justice ? Or singing anthems to Preedom? Or ranting about the qualities of Sovereignty? Did Right, Justice or glorious hivalry outweigh "numerical strength" on the battle-field, Ireland, Poland and Hungary would at this day, each be Sovereigns. It is useless to talk about the virtues of Sove reignty, unless it has the "numerical" as well as the moral strength to sustain it. Rows sos CRusoE, while on the island of Juan Fernandez, was a sovereign and Friday a slave ; but it is probable that if Friday had held the nusket, instead of Romissos, he would have held the sovereignty also. My readings of the history of Nations, teach me that they have adopted the simple rule of RoB Roy, that. " He should take who had the power, And he should keep who can." With a different race in our midst quite equal to our white population-a race whose condition excites the false sympathies of the world, and which by foreign tamperings, could be made worse than valueless, it would be necessary to enaet the most stringent laws and regulations, not only for the confinement of colored seamen, whilst the vessels to which they are attnehed remain in our ports, but to enforce similar measures of precaution along the whole line 'of our interior boundary, in 'eri tosprevent di atent-nd inurtion UL-oxw we prevent this mischievous meddling, if permitted to enforce laws as stringent as ingenuity can devise them ? And iil Eng land, France and the United States permit them to be enforced ? The first enquiry is answered by the fact that we cannot now do so entirely, though protected along our long est boundaries by Georgia and North Carolina, and the second by another fact that England and France are each complaining of our law in relation to colored seamen, even while we are under the protection of the American Flag. A correspondence bet ween the British Consul, at Charleston, and the Governor of our State on this subject, has recently been given to the publie. WVe all remember the Commissioner sent by the State of Massa ehsetts to Charleston, and the object of his mission. How long after we have set up for ourselves, wvill it be, before the Northern States will memoralize Congress on the sub ject, and urge the protection of her citizens. It may be that the United States Government will deelare all fugitives from Cuba, Brazil or the Republic of South Carolina, found in its Northern territories free, or if found in any of its slave-holding States, forfeited to the in former. England or France may choose to declare, and wvill believe that the imprison ment of a cohored cook, belonging to one of their trading vessels, a violation of the law of Nations and an insult to national charac ter. If reparation be not instantly made they have the easy redress of btlockading our ports nd shutting us out fromt the wvorld until it is made. What resistance could wve make agatinst a Fleet of fifty, or ten, or five sail? Send oiut our Navy "resolved to do or die," aind t toeck it ? Whecre is our Navy ? Whlere ur Seammen ? I venture thc assertion that in the umarine of the world, there cannot be ound of natire boirn South Carolinians. a suffiient number to man and sail one Gun Boat from Georgetowvn to Wilmington. It s easy to sy "let us man ships and defend1 aur independence on the water-let us arm regiments atnd me~et them on land." It was inlso quite easy for the Irish soldier to say lhe rd entptured three prisoners by " surround-1 ng them." Perhaps, gentlemen who talk so flippantly bout " manning ships" and " arming Regi nents," wvill be somewvhat surprized to learn he cost of these smnall articles. i oneeftnewv m economical young lanimter wvho determined . be his own physician, nnd in laying in his tok of medicines, ordered a pound of saltse md a pound of quinine. WVe have the au hority of a former Secretary of WVar-a nan of distinguished abilities-in estimating e cost of any armed Vessel at $7,150 a un, wvith 84 per cent. wear and tear per an. tut. And this estiinate does not include the mxpenses of the crew to sail and' fight her. ~ irst rate Steamers cost about $50,000 a gun, I tesides the expenses of the crewv. Het esti ates the cost .of Fortifications at $3,500 aa pn, e'xelusive of 'the-expenses of the garri on and cost of repairs. *Again'hie estimates I h annual cost 'of eac~h infantry' sioldier at ri binn. and tha of-a volunteer '4bout "three d mes that amount., How long will the ,ap ropriatin'of $300,000 awith4driftsupo he fund commensurate witii'the sbove-scal, f prices? The State has no public land r other sources of revenue except -that e irect taxation. Will the body of the peopi ubmit to an increase of taxes? I refer th urious to our intelligent Tax Collector fo le general feeling in this District, relative t, le present rate of taxation. But should th cople of the State, actuated by that senti ent of gallantry which pervades every chsa onsent to an indefinite increase of taxe! -ill not that increase depreciate the value c hat very species of property which we ar o anxious to preserve? We have been tol hat the odions Tariff of '42, was one of th nstrunments of Abolition, undermining on nstitutions by reducing the value of the prc ncts of its labor. Will not tile heavy deb he State will be forced to incur in order t ace her in a condition of defence, and whic ebt must in honor be paid, entail a burde f taxation which will depopulate the State rhis last enquiry suggests another, and on qually as important. Where would such c ur citizens go, as desired to emigrate? Ti aws of the United States, and I believe, c very civilized Nation, already prohibit th ntroduction of slaves into their territoriej he master might leave the State but hi ervants must be left. It is a well establishe et, that the negro increases more rapidl han the white race, and as time rolls oi hat in God's name! is to become of thi reaker party in a country crowded to exces ithout territory to colonize or ability ft onquest? The exelamation quoted by Judg UCi, ill his admirable speech at Nas ille, rises involuntarily: ' orresco referens We will next examine the last propositior vich is, that an effort at secession will b egarded at Washington but as the petulan rutbreak of an iritable temper, invo lving n nore serious consequences, than the removi )f the officers of Customs, from the city c Tharleston to a Seventy-four outside the Bai tnd the landing of the cargoes of importin essels, at one of the forts for inspectior hat then would be our condition? It wi lot do to impose extra duties, for this is bt o increase the price of goods Intended ft mur own consumption. Shall we attack ti Government officers on board their Vessel >f War? How is this to be done? W have neither ships or heavy guns, nor tl material or artizans in our own borders, f< building, rigging and arming a man of wa capable of contending with a Navy, wuic has a world renowned fame. Would the Ai ministration permit implements of war to I introduced into, what it may choose to ter a refinetory State? We are told that Co1 ress would interfere! To do what? 7J bate its own Custom-house, establIshed 1 t under the Constitution! The Preside! ay tell Congress, that his removal of ti fficers of Customs, wats a peace measure J....~....i.i&~oV4ed .Athr. oM members who call secession, treason,. wi eem his measures mild. Full many a mera ber of Congress, sincerely believes that State has no more right to secede,tban hat freeholder in a populous city to burn dov is house. And is it reasonable to suppor that the same party in Congress (one whic s daily increasing in strength and in infi euce,) which infieted upon us the evils = re seeking to remedy by secession, will1> ome our champions and tender redress The representatives of those States who: sympathies might be excited in our behal are now and ever will remain a helpless ni noriiy, so long as they continue members that Congress, or their States members the Confederation it represents. Again are told that England wvill not allow hi erchantmien to be stopped and revenue e: cted upon their entrance into the Charle ton harbor, when the State of South Carol a has declared it a free port. Is it fairl resummble that "Concervative England would recognize our Independence upon bare declaration of Secession? or that si: vould again engage in a war with a Natio hich has twice successfully resisted he power, in order to sustnin a principle and es iplc which she has been combating and pur ishing since the discovery of the America jontinnt, and which she is now vitally ir erested to reprove and repress? But thi ntervention of England is to be effected b he magic of Cotton! Now if the positio af England or France is to be determined Ib heir Commercial interests, we have onlyt ontrast thme amount of the exports and im )rts of South Carolina and those of all th ther States ini the Union, to learn which wa hey wvill be inclined. In this connection, le talso be remembered that Great Britain an< rance must ultimately get the surplus cot on of South Carolina, and upon the sami ems that they get the crops of the othe otton States, as certainly by not regardin r declaration of Independence, as if the: id and endeavored to force a free trade witl is. Again, would not England rather rejoie a rupture of this Confederacy, toward hieh she has ever looked with an eyeo alousy, and regard it as the dawn of th owfall of slavery-an institution which sh as denounced as "revolting to humanity, nd which she has long since voluntaril, bolished throughout her dominions, af' oat greater than many times the value o he entire crop of South Carolina? -Thal ~ngland, with whom the doctrine of Aboli ion originated, and who was tihe first Natior pol earth to put it into practical operation ould so recant her former principles and ecome the guardian of a little State upou his same question, and deliberately incur the crils of war with a mighty'Nation, atid the isa of her best market, seems to me to be bsolutely preposterou~s. I am constrained; then to the belief, that eossion by South Carolina alone,. would esulteither .ln-oit being nominally an In. cdenddt Sovreigiity, but in reality, a little Commonwealth, rich enouglito tentice the a cupidifof the world, and too feeble to do e fend ehonor or protect her rights-or that s the atfenmpt at secession iwill be regardi d by t eAjivcrnment at Washington, only to the etxtii'f removing the Custom-houseamd preventing the importation of munitions of war. That we -ould exist as an independent r Nation, I cnnoLbelieve, with the history of D :the epnbh'eoI Texas before me. If we were undisturbed, the natural increase of the slave population would bi miseriesgat. er than War. Nor do believe that we m, could alone counteract and resist the InBs 3, ences of the Federal Government, other , than actual force, which would be. brqoht. to bear against us. Concessions wofdbe e made to the other Southern States, the mo d ment that South Carolina.announcedher. a& e of secession-the tariff reduced to a revenue ir standard, und. ever:ActofConareshereto: fore known at the South as "Federal usur. iation," so modified or-repealed a*.to4eniir9 t those States remaining passivelv in, harness. o Especially will commereinl -privileges and. h federal pap be showered upon our ceotermik n oua States, for the double purpose of quiet ing them and punishing the wandering Ish - mael. -: e In coming to my conclusions, it is frankj f acknowledged, that my mind has- been no e little swayed by the significant. fact Ahatall the old eaders of the Nullification 'r,. who are now alive-HA=TmrTit, BiaWE.r, e PaEsToN. our own BUTLER, THoImsON, HAr . MOND, Judge WAUDLAW and"PrciENSal[ Stirge the necessity of co-operation. These men must have merit and ability or they d could never have taken the high ;positios. y they did on the Tariff and, other.. questions. 1 We are estopped from impeaching theirjugd ments by the manifestations of confdence we have so often given. If they were ever able to advise, they are competent stilL Be ir cause advice is unpalatable it does-notfflew e that it !s unwholesome, Our former' leadeks cannot divest themselves of recollections of the year '32, when they hourly -awaited. & summons to Charleston, at the headof Regi-. , ments and companies; and after ite heat of, e excitement had psed and the e66dition in t which South Carolina would haye been left," had but one gun been fired, app ered ttfheir' sober senses, they well remember the -revul sion of feeling which then occurred, and how f fervently they gave thanks to the Great Ruw ler of the Universe, for averting a, carnage which would have wrought no permasent g good to the home of their affectiond2,iix 1. periendi doce." And it seems thatuot iotly 11 old Nullifiers have been-taught, butthat some old Union men alsohave unlea ed their former.lessons and-arenowrabidwa r cessionists. A variety of lesons, ag t. e by Experience. :.If our soil.hs&been. a is it is certain that our people wqu'ldhei ~-o e made a most brilliant would they now.: But ouragenudipifit1iie e not the only requisites of'success:in' wsri )r Spartan valor. won onlys gravenafT,00op3 Ia. The invader was-not arrestea noa , we a Troezene whence to convey owr :en and children. , I have now, Mr. Editor, giyep fe1vIr but i candidly, my.reasons for the poiition To. m taken, " that the co.opeiation.of other d ve holding States, is essential tod*eeels - resistanee of Federal tyranny end. tithei 0 well being of one State after itsvreouneetioa y with the.General Governmeptidsapl* e. doeni tin whc cupiii4 t -oniy he p~vlgsb Nf Sequally'interestea with hiinself.. IfDIej ions are overruled my first dutyiste ~ it -- a ese--jpyptegt igo.wiMayp ty .any a order which proceeds from the sup::emejpow n, er of the State, in~thisT wifl do. IC -, .* -INDEPEKDEKCE. hi TIBUTE OF RESEECT. i- CoursnUY, April 30, l85. re A meeting of the Students of Cokesbiury - Institute being calk-d,:on the occasion of the 'i removal from onr midst,by thlian'dof death, m our friend and fellow-student, FRANKLIN. If, WALTER BATES, the following preamblo ii.- and resolutions were unanimously. adoglied r of Whereas- it has pleased Almighty God .in of the inserutable dispensation ofhis providence, re to take from among us our beloved fellow-stu er dent, FRaNxr.r WAY.TER -BREs; and where as it becomes us as members of the Tnstitw s- tion to which he belonged to give some testi. -i monial of our apprecintion of his worth, hrnd lour grief at his untimely end, Therefor '"Resolred. That we most ninsblyf .Is a~ los, and deeply sympathize with his hereay eC ed family in their sad afmietlon. n Remolred, That in evidence of this-feeling, rwe will wear the usual badge of morningdfor C thirty days. - ..* - Resolved, That a copy of the abpye Reso. n lations be transmitted to the Parents of our 1-I deceased Friend, and to the Editors of-'the is Abbeville Banner, Edgefield Advertiser, Pal y metto State Banner and Southern Christian nl Advocate for publiention. - y J. W. CARLTSLE, Chair'm. a W. G. Batss, See'ry. TepohKEEPDfOms F~og SHEEP-Sheep- will Seprecefrmbigkilled or int any-way molested by dogs, by putting common sheep t bells upon them-to every 25 sheepputon two bells. which will make sufiieient noise to frighten them, as all sheep dogs are cowards and will run awvay at the first sound, and this B fact has been ampjly tested by many farmers r around me. Some who had no hells on their ,sheep, had many of them killed in one ht: others, myself among ithe numbe rhh a& ~hells on their fiocks were not ,in the least Sdisturbed.-Hartford Times . - 5 NEWSrP n OF TUE WORL ..-!rh sare i0 newspapers published in. Austrira fin Africa, 24 in Spain, 20 in Portga,30 'in e Asia, 65 in Begum, 85 in Denmark 90 in Russia and Poln, 300 in Prussia,. 320 in other-Germanic States. 500 in great Britain and Ireland, and 1,800 in the United States, - EPIGRAM. - fVirginia is the mother, Of mighty States and Statesmen toot But Resoluions'discove, She's failing as great mothers'do. OA 1,aur in..Cambrd. (Mas) d) e on Wdnedywee-o tle$ysiceanak and was laid or burial' . hr wmndingisheet;t but from theft thi oystl'rilined 'an dpprent-wanh, thdiugh' - nob the glightest appearance of reprto~it i meat was-ssedd~~ opened..her eyeasadealled.:wjw4 9 "Alberty give-me some gte~d Arm " Thin PaOGRES rapid tlittheykeepaheedbXO t