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Je will cling to the Pillars of the Temple of our L ee u il Perish amidst the Ruins.' VOLUE X111. IWO. 27. _ ~~~~~~~~~ ~f __ -....--.. -... .a.... . --- PUBLISIED EVERIY WEDN1.SDAY BY WMz. F. DUR IKOE. 9DITOR & PRO PRI ETOR NEIW TEILII' 'o DoL.ARnS and Farri CENTs. per nnnu ifpaid in advance Si irnot paid withmnsi: months from the date of subscription, ant $4 if not paid before the expiration of tih year. All sabhscriptions will be continned unless otherwise otdered before the expir,t tion of the year ; but no paper will be dis continned until all arrearaees are paid, ur less at the option of the Publisher. Any person procuring five responsible Sub scribers, ahall receive the paper for one year. gratis. ,. ADVERT.-CETS Conspcnnln'ytrse'tedat 7a cents per square. (12 lines, or less.) for the 'irstinsertion. and374 for each continuance. Those published monthly orgquartr-rly. will be charge - $1 per sqnare: Advertisements -not having the number of insetrtions marked on them, will b continued until ordered ont and charged accordingly. Conntnications, post paid, will be prompt - ly and strictly attended to. 0 The followtng gentlemen tire ant:onnced by their friends as candidates for thr: (;llice of Tax Collector, at the ensuing election : Col. JOHN QUA'TTLEBUM, GEORGE J. SHEPPARD, EDMUND MORRIS. SAMPSON B, 11AYS, Mai. S. C. SCOTT. LEV( R. WILSON. JAMES SPANN. UlWE are authorised to annonnce DAN IEL HOLLAN D. Esq.. ats a candidate for re election to a seat in the House of Delegates. iX We are authorised to announce B. C. YANCEY. Esqr.. as a candidate for a seat in the House of Representatives, at the ensuing election. Marchi 29 te 10 The friends of Col. R B. BoUKNrUT, announce him as a Candidate for a seat in the House of Representatives, at the ensu ing election, 7 j We are authorize<l to announce W. A HARRIS, Esqr.. as a candidate for a seat in the House of Representatives, at the next elec tion. tebruary 9 tf 3 The friends of 3laj. D - nounce himls as a cand. Hoase of Representativ tion:: 'May 3.. r" lfffgTax alh iuie tot a st'at :ia .a Hdoseof Representatives, at the etSsitng .e bcar *' ' March 14 117The friends of Mlnj. ABRAH 1 JONES announce him as a candidate'fo e.election to the Legislature. - Q4The friends of PETER QUATT'lE BUM, Esqa.. announce him as a candidate for the Office of Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas. of this District, at the ensuining election January 14 -tI '50 WThe friends ofWESLEY BODIE. Esqr., announce him as a candidate for the Oflhce of Sheriff of this District, at the ensuing e|ection. january 14 tIf 51 " The friends of [HENRY T. WRIGHT, Esqr., announce him as a candidate for the of fice of Ordiuary of this District, at the ensning election- may 24 tf 13 Notice. T 1H E Estate of Marshal t Smith,deceased, being without administration, and there fore derelict, all persons having papers pert;in ing to the estate, are requested to hand them over to mhe by the earliest piacticable time, and all those indebted to the estate to mnake pay ment, and those having demands to present them properly attested. JOHN HILL, O. F.. D. jnne 14 (ma 21 hamburg Journal will please copy. NOT ICE. BY THE CONSENT OF PARTIES. TI kHE Papers pertainaing to the est:ate of A Willian Ferguisoua. dee-'d., being in amy hana. all thoase inad-batd toa the estiate. lby no"te mn;ade'payable to Cuillen O' tentl a-x-t.r., mn right of -his wife. tare r'quirstd tao nake pay mntn, and those hiaviing deands toa preent them properly attest'-d toa n.. JOlhN IlL L, 0 E. D). mtay '31 3Ii 19) '%oticc. 4LL those indebwd t, the 'state of Ch:rity Johntsuon, dec'dl , are regnte-ted ha um;iie inmeaadiaate paaymenat. anad thosec hiavhag deannds to presenit thema prope-rly attest,-d. C. LI GOULDEN, SiM EON ATTrAWAY, .Admainisctaturs. july 7 tf 24 eJdmini,stratlOr's .Votice. A L L persons iande bted to thae estate of B. M 1LRodgcrs, dece-ased, are reqmired to make imm,aediate paymient. rand thoe hiamg deandsat render them im properly atiested. taa JAS G. 0. WILKINSON. 4d,n'r. * may 31 3ma 19 Oh The Hamburg Journal is requested to copy the above three mntthas. NOTICE. M~UR. ROFF, wvho beld contditionaally an in LY.terest ini thevight of Edgefield 1)ist rich, to Hotchkiss' Reaction Mill Wheels, (P~aatet) has ntever comaplied with saaid conadition, thiera foare he horlds no interest, anid has nao right te sell or ma e ay contraict foar s:aid Wheels. We. the undersigned are the owners. oh said right. anid a tight paurchased fronm any othar, unless our agenut, will not he good. Ms. J. TI. WVEBBER, we authorisar, with full power to act as our agent. COTH RAN & MOORE. March 1, 1847. tf 6 6,000 lbs. Bacon & Lard, J UST received a large lot of superior Ba con, which will be sold lowv for Cash. May17J. A. WILLIAMS. itir. CaEhoun's Speech or . THE OREGON BILL. . S. Stnute, Tuesday. June 27th, 181 i Mlr Calhoun-'ltere is a vt!rv sirikin C ditlerettce between the pusttin in %nicl the slave holtiing anId non slavelilJin; Stales stand in reference to the su jec under consideration. I'he forner desr no action of the governtment, denandet no hI;w to give the tany advantngrs it the territory about to be established. art willing to leave it and other terrliories hc. longing to the United States open to all their ctsz-u-. so long as they continue it he tertitories, and when they ceased to be he so, to leave it to their inhabitants it he such government as might suit them, l itloutI restriction or condition. excepi thrat*im)posed by the constution. and a prerequisite for admission iit) the UI on. In short, they are willing to leave the whole subject wtiere the coustitwjion and fhe great fundamental principles fl o)f,elf-governmtient place it. On ste 'onl trary. the non slaveitoldiug States, in tead of being willing to leave it an tils broa,d and equal foundatuI, demand the inter position of the governntet, and the pa., sae of an act to exclude tile ciizells of the slaveholding Sates Iromut etig;ratilg witll their property into the territory. il order to give their citizens and those they miay permit. the exclusive righi of seittug it, n hilt: it remains to that cudition, pre paratory to suijctcing it to ii:i resirlctions and conditio~s woeu It becoies a dtate. The 12tu section of this till is intend. d to assert and maintat ibi, demand of the non slaveholding States, wiile it remains a territory, not openly or directly, out in directly by extending the provisions of the bill for the establtahment ol the Iowa ier rlty to this, and by ratl) lug tie acts of the informal and self constituted guverunent oi Oregon, which among otters, comtains one pr.hibitiug the imroduction l ta very. It thus, In retility adopts a nuta is called the Wilutot Pruvtsu, not only .fus Oregou, but as the -bitt -now stands, for Neo- lex ico and -California. The atneIi.dment, on toe contrary, moved by tie Senator from blississippi, near me, (%ifr davis) is in -PuJded to assert and maintain tine.position l,the slavehulding Sfires. dt leaves- tiet territory 'ree atld.open to all the-'itfzehs of the 'United tageb, aad would .verruIu, tetowry c,r regbn^audtihe3irh ' e5dti,1 fart-it- 'rela-tes: tot'h subject -uud:r erisidel!ation. We have thus lan"r) .p c sentid the grounds aken'by the non-slave holding and the slaveholding States, as I shall call them for the sak" oh brevity, the Northern and Southern States, In their whole extent for d.srussiun. The tirst question whicn ofTers itself f r consideration is, Ha.ve the Nortnern States the power which they claim, the Luntit er fliom emigrating freely Wit their pro perty into territories belonging to the Unit ted States, and to muonopubtze thtem for their exclusive benefit. It is, indeed, a great question. I pro. pose to discuss it calmly and dispassion aiely. I shall claim nothing which does not fitirly and clearly belong to the South eru States, either as members of this fedo r,l Union, or appertaining to thetm in their separate and individual character ; nor shall I yield anything which belongs to them in either capacity. I am influenced neither by sectional nor party cousidera tions. Ifl know myself. I would repel as promptly and decidedly any nggrossion of the South on the North as I would any on the part of the latter on the for,ner. And let mue add, I hold tne obligation to repel aggressiun to be not much le-,s solemn tian that of abstaining from i akinggression: and that the party nnhich submi's 10 it whietn it can lhe resisted, to lie no, miuch less guilty and respo(nsib)le for conlsequen ces tnan thtat which mat~kes tt. Nor do I stand onl tarty grounids. What -I shall say ini referece to this subje, t, I shall sty enl rely wit hout relerence l o toe: PuMa iin in eltion01. 1 holdl ii to l I ntIta1111lyi higher thanil that of all o' iben qiesi 1us1 ol lie el;ey. I shall direct myl e.lioIs to as cternin what is conustitzunonal, right an:d jtl,t, uinJer thle thoerough convie inn that the hem.t and ol ws:y of pIutIlml an emd ieo : s, thle~ ttmit dangerous of al qutes tiors to our UTuion and inissituonls, IS to adhere rigidly In I ho cons'ituzi'n amls the tetle.s ofjusit C. WVith these preliminary remaitkis. I re cur to the qusin II as the North the .pwe wh:ch it climis under thle .I'ath see sion of' this bill i .k at ilie omlset, whereT is ih;e power to be hitund? Not certainly mn the relation inl which the Northern unds Southern SltaItstam to each ottier, They are the coustienn parts or tmembers of a cttflommo federal Union; and as such, are equal int all respects, both1 in eligntity an1 rights, as is declared by all wrisers on go verinenits fo,unded oIn such Uuitis, untd as may be inferredt from airgutientts deduced frmnr their nalture antd chara,cter. Iustead then of atlordinig atny coumsen;snce or au~ thitiy in favor of the po.wer, tbe relationt in which Ihey stand4 to eaich other fuenish. es a strong presumption against it. Nor can it lie founod in the fact that the Sdauthi holds properly in slaves. That, tort, fairly conssdered, instead of affording any authority foir the power, rurnishes a Issrong p.esnmptioni against it. Slavery existed in the South when the constitu tion was framied, fully to the extet ir proportion to their poplationtitr as it does at this time. It is the only property re cogtiizedl by it - the only one that entterec into its formnationl as a political ele-met both in the adlstmnent of the relativ< weight of the Stantes ini the ;overnmnet I and the apportionment of direct taxe-; at the only one that is put under the expre guarantee of the constituti-n. It is we known to all conversant with the histot of the formation anid ndnp,ion of the cor. 'itution, that the South was very jealntu in reference to this property; that it cot: stituted one of the uliiaulties. botht to it format ton and adnp:ion. and that it woul, have assented to either, had the conven ion refused to allow to it its due weight it the government, or to place it under ihi guarantee of the constitution. N:r can i be found in the way that the territoriet have been acquired. I will go into liar ticulars in this respect at this singe of the discussion. Suffice it to say. the whole was acquired, either by purchase out of the comtnon funds of sill the States, the Sonuth as well as the North, or by arms and mutial sacrifice 'of men and money, O'hich instead of giving any comunten_nce in favor of the power cltimed by the North, on every principle of right and jus tice, furnishes strong additional presump tion against it. But, if it cannot %e found in either, if it I exists at all. th' power mist he looked for in in the coustitutiotal compact which hinls these State. can it be ftnd thert-' - DUes that Imstrumt cuntain any provi ion wtich gives the North the 'ower to exclude the South frot a free adnission ino the territories of the U iited States >>ith its peculiar property, and to monop olize them for its own exclusive use! If it in fact contain such power. expressed or implied, it nust he fIund in a sp-cific grant. or be inferred by irresistahle de dction, from sme clear and'aeknowledg ed power. Nothing short fo the one or the other can overcome tba strong pre sumption against it. That there is no such specific grant may he inferred beyond doubt, from the fact that no one has ever attempted to desig nate it. instead of that it h:s been as sutned-taken for granted wi'hout a par ticle of proof--that Con_ress has the nb solute right to govern the territories. Now I concede, if it does in reali'y possess such prow er. it may exclude from the territo ries who or what they please, and admit into them who or what they pleas; and of course may eiercise the po,.er-laitnedi by the North to exclude the .S"utii fro+s then.. "Rtt I arii repetI. wCCU. f er. if then, it exts :a.al, - Jerred ,m som suci po er ask w h. -e is that o utd The Senafer fron New York behind me,-[Mr. Dix]:puints to the clause in the consutuLtitm, which Provides that "Con gress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations re specting the territory beloiginging to the Unuted States " Now I unicrtake to af firm ant maintain beyond the possibility of doubt, that so far from conferring aiso lute power to govern the territuries, it con fers no government power whatever; no, not a particle. It refers exclusively to ter ritory regarded simply as pahl:c lands.-. Every word relates to it in that charac ter. and is wholly inapplicable to it con sidered in any other chatracter but as pro perty. Take the expression " dispose ttf," with which it begins. It is easilN understood what it menus when appliet to landt;.and is the. proVer..and natu ral expWifon regarding the territory it that character, when the object is t confer to sell or make other disposititon r it. But who ever heard the expressi applied to government? And what possi ile m-eaning can it have when so applied Take the next expression, -to tmake: a! needful rulesand regulations." These rr garded separately. mit;ht indeed be aplI cable to government in n loose sense; b they are never so atpplied it the constt: thon. Int every case where thsey aere us, itn it. they refer tii property, to tbings. somine proscess, such as the riules of cou or of the H-ouse of Cuenarce.ss fur ihe gi I ruuienit of their priucieedh-'g-. b'ut never governmens ct. which ilwv.ays impljuies pie'r to be igovernned. 1But if their should atny douhsi ins this case. ithe woirdls ua sue. stely following. wvhich restricts them makig ".' Ies anud regulations respcct the teraitory and iith~er piropeWJy of the 8tattes," must ellenctually expel it. TI restrict their nieaning beynnd then pci tii!ity oufa dosubt to territury re;;arded prnipertv. But if it were pnssibile for dout still exist, anot her andI contclusive airgum still reumis. to showv that the f'ram:ers the comnstitution did rnot imtend to cot by this clause governmental powers. I fer to the clause in the constitution w delegates the power of exclusive le.d tin to Gmongress over thib district, anti places purchrased by the consent of th' gi-dature of the States in which the .-.. mnay be. for the erectin rif fortes. maga zine-s, arsenals, dlock y ards and other nee:l ful buildings." T1he places therein refer red to are clenrly embraced by the expres. sion, "other property belonging to the U. Stattes," contained in the clause I have just considered. But is is certain, that if ii had been the intention of the framers of he constitution to confer governmental powers oiver such places by that clause, they never would have delegated 'it by this. T,bey wvere incapable ouf doinig a thing so absurd. Beut ii is equally cer tal?e if they idid not intend to confer such a power over them, they could not have intended it over territories. Whartever was conferred by the same wvords in reference to one, mast have been intended to be conferred in reference to the other, and thoreverse. The opposite sup poasiin uldn bei asud. But. it rnay territory was omit exclhtiive Itgi-la e places enumera ; reasons may. in led. The former lying within the if the States, anl( d, lying beyond purchase of the ofthe State with situated. did tint irisdiciion of the in the State, the only the title to came necessary oxpre:s dalecau tive poser t,f le and such pln :ho object of the wa-i simply in from nnder tie ve Stites with and substitute t, subj"ct to the on and the of) were acqtirel, he savereignty they are situ'a r as it extends SDistrictr since tofhe part he tvereignty still he manner sta. - different in re as they do be etion of all the - res possess not hip over, them, uron and sove s not necessary -re States to I -gating the ex on to Congress. ct of supercrn r to remark in t.wer of exclu in these cases :th the powcr of y are very difle t. a'hsolute power ;lusive. but it by c1Nsi. power. of at is always ab eV'bI4iVP pow. :js gnvertnrihont ' the a. the cla'use its tte Senator from taferrinig the abao t over the terr;to )thers who agree ,article of aovern conclusively es list of prec.dents prop up the pow the clause, falls to bric which he rais nipted from the ne het, and replying scedent referred to ' ected with thte pow t requires particular te orinance of '87, the old Congress of tile the convention tution was in aessit,n - before its adoption. eery eve of the expi :deration. Against its ohjeet that the Act lie conrfederati',n can precedents for this ive that. I waive al .h act was consutn vernmntt waos 'in ex hardly tie con,idere~d * vwaivet also the ftct that * ~ * ed the form of a com, red whent only ei.;ht whenm the articles of id tine to ftorm comt tn the fact, that Mlr. hat the act was with tutional athority, and wv..from the history of~ san alit justly be con - g force. e cessitn of athe terrn aio, anid lying between ppi, atd the lakes, in tins t he States of Ohi, - Wisconsin, and a very -of territory lyinug north - rly aller the session. a se was raised ini whch * one. T1hey reported ablishment of the terri-' mnitg other provisions .eflferson was.tthe author, ..-.r--from the territory after the year 1800- it *as reported to Con ress, but this pmvision wvas struck out. n the qutestiuni of striking~ out, every Suthera State p esenat voied :n favor of ; and what is ai re striking very dele ate voted1 the samne way, ML 'firson alone excepted. The ordinance was dog ted wi hni-ut the provision. At ahe ext Aession, Rufes Kinug, then a member f the old Congr ss moved a propoasition,t ery much ini thjanme shape of the sixth rticle (that which excludes slavery) itn he ordinaNce astit flow stands, with the xeption ofrits$roviio. It ,vms relerred o a commilttee, ~ut there was no accaton oni . Acommitt~ was moved the next or the subsequenlt tar, which reported with out inicludinig ot4oticinag Mr. King's pro ositioni. Mr. ne was. a member of that ommttee, and*roposed a provision.the ame as that in.1 e ordigance as it passed, hut the Committee reported without in eluding it. Fiually, another uomnittee was raised at the bead of which was M1r. Carringlon of Virginia, and of which Mr. D-ine was also a member. That commit tee retorted virhhut ineluling the atnentl meni previously proposed by him. Sir. lJDane ntived his propitsition, which was ad:pted, and the rep"rt of the C-p,anmii tee thus amtended became the ordimance of '87. It may be inferred from this brief his torical sketch. that the ordinance was a conpromise between the S outh tern and Northern States, of which the terats were that slavery should he excluded from ter riroy upon con-lition that fugitive slaves., who might take refuge in the territory, should be delivered up to thrir oowners, as stipulated in the proviso of the Gth article of the ordinance. It is manifest from what has been stated that the South was unite-1 ly and obstinately opposed to the provi sion when first tnovel ; that the propost rion of Mr Kmng, without the proviso. was it like atnner resisted by the SourIt, as may be itifrred from its entire want of success, and that it nevercould be brotight to ngree to it until the provision for the delivery op of fugitive slaves was incor porated in it. Bn' it is well understood that a compromise involves not a surren. tier, but simply a waiver of the right of power. and hence in the case of indtvidu ale, it is a well established legal principle, that an ofler to settle by compromise a litigated claim. is no evidence against the justice of the claim on the side of the party mnahing it The South. to her honor, has ohserved with filelity her engagements under the comproanise; in proof of which I appeal to the precedents cited by the Senator from New York, intended by him 1n establish the fact of her ncquiescerce in the ordinance. I admit that she has acquiesced in the several acts of Congress It) carry it into clieet, but the Senatir is mistaken in supposing that it is prit of a surrendar on her part of the power over the territories wnich he claims for Con gress. No, she never has, and I trust never will, make such a surrender. in stead of that, it is conclusive proof of her fidelity to her engagetments. She has cver attempted ito' - -''. "..". or to deprav cotrae and adopted measures whictr nev rendered the stipulations of the proviso to eliver up fugitive slaves nogatory. Wis consin may. also, be an excr"ption, as she has just entered the Uniot, and has hardly bod time to act upon the subject. They have gone f:arther, and quffered indivi.atals to form coabinatiots, without an vfl:'rt to suppress them. for the purpose of entirinig and seducing the slaves to leave their masters, and to run them into Canada be voil the reach of otr laws-in open vio lain. not only of the stipulations of the ordnmance, but of tae constitution itself. If I express myself strongly. it is not fir the purpose of producing excitemnen'. bat to draw a he attentiu of the Senate forcihly to the sljeet. My object is to lay hare the subject under c:onsideration, jast as a surgeon probes to tlhe bottom and lays open a wound, not to cause pain to his patient, but for the purpose of healing it. I come now to another precedent of a similar character, but diflfring in this, that it took place under this government. and not under that of thn old confederation; I refer to what is known as the Missouri ompromise. It is mire recent and he.ter ktowt. an iay be more readily de spatlched. After an ataidtous struggl~e of more th-in a vear. ait the q,wsti.ma whetaher Miwoatri shaiald c'oame imioa the Umiont, w ith air withI aair re.,trictionis pirohibitmtth slavery. a coin promiso linet w as adaiptedl between the N'rtht, aml the Samh; bitt it was donae under circatmtstanrces which madle it no wie obblgtaory oar the Ih e t. Itris trite, i was maavead by one aif her distinguaishied enii?'ns, [Mr. Clay.] it it is eqaually .so, tt it was carriai by the altna.st matatedl vote of the North againtst thre anost tunited vote of te donth ; anid was thus itmpose I on the latter by superior numritCs, itt np position to her strettuouis effirts. T'ite South has never giv'et her satietlan toa it. or assentedl to the power it assaertedl. Site was votedi down,. atta hast simpihly acqti escead in ant arraingemeant whtich she has not had the power to) reverse, anid whtich ste coulad not atetempt to do withaout dlis tring the peace atnd harrmony of the Uii-tri which site has ever been ad verse. Actiug Ott this principle, she per mtted the territory aof Iowa to be formted; and the State to be amittead into the Union. under rte compt1romtise, withouit o ibjeciont; atnd that is tnow qutoted bty the Seatatrr froam New York to pirove her suir retder of the power Ito claitms for Can gress. To arid to rte strength of this claim. the avocates of the power hold utp the name of .Jeifrsson in its favor, andi ga sat far as to call hiam thre authtor of the sot called WVilmoar proviso. whichi is but a gen,~ eral expression of a power of which the Masori comphrobmise is a case of irs ati plicaion. If we may jatdge by his opin inn of that case. what his op)iniotn was of the pri,ciple, instead of being the aurhair of the proviso, or bteinig iu its favor. nto one could be more deadly hostile to it. in.a letter addressed to the Eler Adlams, in 1619n ., in nrt ne froma him, he uses these remarkable expressions in reference to th ie Missouri gnestion : "The bauk,. haikrupt law, mtufaC tures, Spanish treaty, are nothing. These are occurrences. which, like waves in a storm. will pas+ mnder the ship. But the Misuuri questior, is a breaker on which we l-"se the Missn'iri couittry by revolt, and what more Godl only knnt s To understand the hull force of these expression-4 it must he horve in mind that the que-tions enunera'ed were the great and exci:ing political questions of the day on which pir-ies decided. The bank, and bankrupt law had long been so. Manu facurs, or what has been clled the pro tective tariff, was at the timts a subject of great excitement, as was the Spanish treaty, that is the treaty by which Florida was ceded to the Union, and by which the Western boundarv between Mexico and the United States was settled from the Gulf of Mexico to the Pacific ocean. lie look ed upou all of them as in their nature fa gitive; and to use tis own :orcible expres siou, would pass oil" under the ship of State like waves in a storm." Not so that f:tal question. It was a breaker on which it was detiined to be stranded ; and yet his name is quoted by the incendiaries of the present day in support tf, and as the aurhor of, a proviso which would give indeflite aid universal extension to this fatal question to all the territories! It was compromised the next year by the adoption of the line to which I have re ferred. Mr. -olmes of Maine, long a member of this body, who voted for the measure, addressed a letter to Mr. Jefer son, inclosing a copy of his speech on the occasion. It drew out an answer from him which ought to be treasured up in the heart of every man who loves the country and its institutions. It is brief. I will send it to the Secretary to he read. The time of the Senate cannot lie better occu pied than in listening to it: To John Rkolmes. i'ov rNICtLLO, April 22, 1820. I thank you, dear sir, for, the copy yntr have been so kind as'to send me of the letter to your constitueuls on the Missouri question. -" A geograpotca, ....--.--- - marked prirciple, moral and political once conceived and held up to the angry pas sios of men, will never be oblitetated; ,md every uew irritation wil mark it deeper and deeper. I can any, with c<nscious truth, that there is not a man on earth, who woild not sacrifice more than I would to relieve is from this heavy reproach. in any practical way. The cession of that kind of oroperty (for so it is misnamed) is a bagatelle, which would not cost me a s!cotd thought, if it that way a genera! emancipation and expatriation could be eflected ; and gradually, and with due sncrifices. I think it mi;h he But as it ir, we have the wo!f by the ears; and we can neither huld him nor sa!ely let him o-. Justice is in one scale. annl stlt-preservation in the other- 01 our t'tin I am certain, tas' as the panage of free el:,ves fri:n one State to another would not make a slave jf a single human being who wtould not be so Without it, so their diff,-i-ii over a greenter surface would make them individu ally happier, and proportionally Irciti:ate the nccomplishment of their emaucipation, by dividing the burden on a greater num her of coadjutnrs An abstincence, too, fr oim tiS act ofl power, would remove the 'alnccsy excited Icy the ndicertaking of Cngress to rereulate the coniiioni of the diremc dlescriptiotus of men composing a Sat-. This certainty is the exclusive riht of every State which nothing in thce cnitation has 'aketi. fromc them antd gien to the general gocvernmteiic. Could Cocgrees, for exemp1le, say that the non freenen of' Coninecticut shall be freemn,.n or thact they, shall not emigrate into any other State ? I regret that I am now to die in the be lief that the useless sacrifice of theciselves by te gencera' ion of 1776. to acquire self goverometnt atd happincess to their coun try,.is to be thi-own awacy by the unwtise ad cnworthty passions of their sons, antd that my only consolation is to be, that I live not to weep over it. If they would ut dispassionctely wteighi the blessings they will throw away, againist any ab stract principle, more likely to be effected by utiiont than by sccssion:, they would pause before they would perpeirrate this act of ecnicide on themaselves, untd of trea son against the hopes of the world. To yourself as the faithful advoccate of the Jni, I tendter the oflferinig of my higb esteemr and respect. Tiouns JEFFERsoN. Mark his prophtetic words! Mark his prfunid reasoibnait ! "It [the question] is huishedl for the oome--t. int this is a -repriele only-not a final sentence. A geoe'uphtical knuo coicidiing with a markedh principle, moral an" political, once conceived and held up to thce ang~ryj passions8 of men will never be olliterated ; and everyj new irritation tilt mark it dee per ead deeper " Twenty-eight yeatrs have passed since these remaerkeible words were penned, and there is r.ot a thought whKh time has not Ithus far verified ; and it is to be feared