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Jiscelaneous. From the Charleston Mercury. THE COTTON CROP. We gave it as our opinion on the 1st of March, that the falling off in the crop lr the latter part of the year, would .be great er in proportion than for the preceding five months, and on this we based a calcu lation that the present crop would not ex. ceed 1,600,000 bales. Tho receipts for the month of March indicate that it will fall short of that. And nothing is more certain now, than that the deficiency is general, although more oppressively great in South Carolina and Georgia, than in the South vest. On the first of March the excess of the last, over the present crop, was as we stated, something more than 200,000 bales. The following is a table of receipts of Cotton at the principal Southern ports at datcs near the first of April. 1840-1 1839-40 N. Orleans, March 31, 623,189 709,312 Mobile, " 27, 265,328 308,486 Florni, " 27, 62,726 63,050 Georgia, April 2, 96,365 193,258 So. Carolina, " 3, 145,255 217,586 Total, 1,199,863 1,511,722 1,196,853 Deficiency of present crop, 311,869 It appears from this that the receipts of March, 1841, have fallen short of March 1840, by 100,000 bales, which indicates that the crop is nearly exhausted, for Mlarch is ever a brisk month, and the navigation for the grealer part of it has been good. The freshet may have had some influence, but for a very brief space. In short, the prospect of the crop for the re maining part of the year is gloomy enough, and should warn all men to spend as little money as possible. In regard to the disposition of that part of the crop which has already come to market, there is little to remark. The ex port coastwise is influenced by so many circumstances, that it is not easy to draw any conclusions from it. This item has in creased the present season about 100,000 bales, and as this is not explained by any considerable increase in the aggregate of foreign exports and of stock at New York, we may suppose that the domestic con sumption has largely advanced. In regard to the direct foreign exports, it should be observed that the exports to Great Britain alone on the 1st of April last year, very nearly equalled the exports o' this season to all foreign places. Still the stock on hand in the Southern ports is much less than in.1840. The amount of Sea Islands approaches much nearer to the crop of last year than was anticipated. The comparison on the 1st of April is as follows: 1841, 16,301 bales. 1840, 19,049 bales. Of all the Southern States, Georgia will suffer most from the deficiency. Not only because the deficiency is there greatest, but her citizens are greatly in debt-her banking system is in the extremest confu sion, and a number of State'works are in p rogress, involving a great expenditure. The entanglement of the State with rotten -bank-swm-dd-tho-dstressifroes-not bring about public bankruptcy, and a grand explosion of the credit system in Georgia. The Mineral Iealhof S. C.-We have been favored with the sight of a Report submitted by a Commit tee, to the Stock. holders of the South Carolina Manufac turing Company, which is engaged in the manufacture of Iron, in Spartanburght Dis trict. This Company, the Report informs us, took possession of it's works, then in a very incomplete state, in November 1834. From that time to November 1835, the Stockholders paid in $30,000; and since then they have not paid in another dollar, except from the profits of the works. rThey are engaged actively tin making iron of all sorts, caStings and nails. They had been in operation, from Nov. 1834, to Jan. 1841, six years and two months, and in that time, under their energetic and skilful maniager, Mr. William Clarke, ,,they have paid up, from die profits of the business, $70,000 to 'yards their capital, inaking it now 8109, 000 paid in. They made, during the yeatr 1840, $70,000 worth of iron castigs and.. nails, and declared a nett profit on their business, for the year, of 826,692 21, or more than 26 per cnt.-Thec operations of the present ycar, wec understand, promise equally well. Mr. Clark may be said to he the found er of a new branch of industry amongst us. He has, by extraordinary perseverance, and devotion to business, joined with very accurate knowledge of all the operations connected with it, succeeded beyond atny other person amongst tus, in developing sources of wealth, as valuable to the pub lic, as they have proved remunerating to those associated with hinm.-We aire grati fied to learn that lhe has lately become largely interested in the Nesbit I ron WVorks, situated at the head of navigation on the Broad River, of which he has the mnanrage ment, and where his sphere of operations will be greatly enlarged. Every one'must feel pleasure in the suc cessof undertakings so intimately connect ed with the welfare of the country. In peace,. we can procure our supplies of iron elsewhere, by sending our money abroad for them, which is better wye should retain at home, to reward our own indust.iy in its fair competition ; but it is in time of wvar that we shall realise the imimenise value of these works. Iron enters into every 'iusi ness of life-ministers to every art and employment. It is necessary to peaceful industry, as it is indespensible for our die fence. In ease of a war with England Our coasts is liabale to blockade, we may be thrown entirely on otir own founderies for the means of defending ourselves, and we therefore doubly rejoice in seeing such re sources developing themselves.-South Carolinian. A4 Fact.-T wo gentlemen from Boston, arrived in Washington late on the night of the 3d inst. to witness the inaugurat ion of General Harrison. Fatigued, worn out, and weary, the moment they arrived at Brown's Hotel, they wished to be shown their lodging room, and were accordingly ushered up into the sky parlor, and shown were quickly onsconsed between the sheets, and, -ve doubt not, were busily snoring in a few minutes. The morning of the fourth broke bright and glorious-the sun rubbed his eyes, washed his face, and put on a clean shirt collar-bells were sending forth a merry peal-cannons wvere bellowing themselves hoarse-and the mass of the multitude were wending their way to the capitol. Our heroes slept midst all the noise and tumult. The ceremonies were over-the people had retired to dinner the grand display was past, and many an aching head was pressing the pillow, when some surprise was manifested by the chakm ber-maid of the hotel, of the non-appear ance of the two gentlemen. Beds musf he made up, and chambermaids cannot wait with patience. Sambo, the head servant, was despatched to the room to see what could possibly be the matter. He knocked loudly at the door, and was re quested to "come in." "Hallo, Snowball!" said the one on the front sde of the bed ; "all alive in the street, eh ? much going on and breakfast ready?" "No, massa, they-ve got through going on, and supper ison the table." "How the two gentlemen felt, and the strange words uttered when they ascertain ed the leugth of time they had slept, and learned the ceremonies were over, we leave to the imagination of our readers; but of one tbing we are assured, that at the next inauguration, neither of them will sleep in a room where there is no window. Phil. Chronicle. Does the Mind alhays Think?-Mr. Locke's arguments in respect to this sub ject, are the following: That during sleep we are not conscious of thought; that the mind is always active, even without our knowledge; that we have no ideas, but those derived from sensation an:d reflection; and that no one can know whether a per son thinks in his sleep except himself. A writer in the Providence Journal, cites the following facts, recorded by Pre sident Dwight, of Yale College, to proie in opposition to Locke's theory, that a man may walk in his sleep without knowing it; and another man may see him walking, and doing other things which involve thought, and thus ascertain to a certainty that the sleeper thinks, while he himself is unconscious of it. A physician in Lambertowu,N. J., found to his great surprise, on waking one morn ing, that he was without a shirt; and was unable to discover any trace of it after searching his room. Having dressed him self and made particular enquiries, he was obliged to remain in doubt with regard to the cause of this singular occurrence. On the following morning, however, he found himself in a similar predicament, and was obliged to furnish himself as before, with out the power of making a discovery. The same thing happened the three following days; so that five of his shirts had at last, mysteriously disappeared. The matter had now become so wonderful, that his brother determined to sleep with him and ascertain, if possible, the cause of it. In the night the physician rose from bed, without speaking and left the room. His brother, who wason the watch, hurried on a few clothes and followed him. The for mer-took his way towards the Delaware, Vbirent oisaivaT'bepr _o ' Uhif and placing his shirt in a hole, leaped into the water.-Afuer swimming for some time he regained the shore, proceeding home ward, wvithout stopping for his garment, and went to bed. 'Tbc brother followed, being convinced he wias asleep, and took his place again beside him in bed without waking him. The next day, on examin ing the hole on the river's hank, the six shirts were found, where their owner had deposited them, unconscious, or forgetful, of every thing he had done.' In another case there was still greater evidence of thought during sleep of which the agent was eqtually ignorant. A shoe maker's wife was one night awakened by her husband arising in his sleep, and prea ching a sermon of sonme length. At the close of it lie gave notice, that on the fol lowing evening he should deliver another discourse ; and this he did with such grav ity, that she invited several of her neigh hors to atimnd. They came on the even ing atppointed, and we-re gratified with his sermon as well ais with the renewal of the appoitntent oo the next Thursday even ing, which lhe annioutnced as before. Thus he continued to preach once a week, and in a manner wvhiceh his audience wer gra tifieed with utntil time secret was nccidlenial ly divulged to him, and that pt an end to it. The probiability is, that this man could not have formetd a sermon in his waking hours. An eminent lawyer once told me, that having a diflietilt case to argtue, after hav ing devised several different methods for maniaging it, he dlreampt out otne at night, which otn the Iollowing morning he recol lected, and pireferred to the others so mutch, that lie adoptedl it in court. The imagination is unodoubtedlly strong er (luring sleep, than wh len awake. WVhile I lived at Northam pton, I[was engaged for a time to supply a wiinter society, as mu is called: this is ani assembly nieeting for public worship; in a part of the town -t a distance from the church. One nib t [ dreamipt of preaching to thenm anid chose rather a singular text. It ivas this: '"Then answered the Hiugh Priest, ye is v tnothing at all." When I awoke, I remembered the whole of the sermon, and it was of such a nature that 1 determitned to iwrite it. *From the Macon Mesengcr. MURDER AND CONVICT[ON. Ont the 2d of March, ultimo, Nathan Tauntotn was murdered in the towvn of Lan ier~ Macon courAty, by Robert T. Downing. Th'le diflieulty between themi wasofa triv ial character. A few words passed respeca ting a bet of fifty cents, which one of them had made on a gatme called "Fox and Geese," wihen Downing drew a pistol and shot Taunton through the lower~ part of the head, of which he (lied instantly. The trial of Downing came on before Judge Taylor, on Thursday last, at the regular term of the Superior Court of Ma con county, which resulted in his convic tion of the crime of murder. He was sent tenced to be hung on ihe2lst ofiay nexu.* The case was ably inanaged on both sides by several attorneys, and strong efforts were madte by the prisoner's council 10 post potne the trial till the next term. The ..ena~,ons vned were deemed insniant by the judge aud such a course subversive of the ehds ofjustice. Thejhury who sat opon the case, were among' the most re spectable citizens of the county; and we believe that there is no dissenting voice in the community where the purder was committed, but that ihey have.done justice by their verdict ; and it is to b-e hoped that the example which this&coUviction affords will not be lost, where such an example (it is generally admit ted) has-lifg, been nee ded. Dowing has been cominitted to jail in this city for safe keeping *We understand this to Vi the time of oxecution, but we may be mistaken as to the day. The First Duel in New Eagland.-The first duel in New England-76as fought with sword and dagger, betweetj two servents. Neither of them was killedgbut both were wounded. For this disgraced offence they were formally tried before.the whole com pany, (the first settlers) anl sentenced to have their "heads and feet tied together, and so to be twenty-four hpurs, without meat or drink." Such, ho ever, was the painfulness of their situatin, and their piteous entreaties to be releqed, that upon promise of their good behaviour in future, they were soon released bythe governor. "Such was the origin," ua Ur. Morse, *and'such, I may almostr eiture to say. was the termination of the odious practice of duelling in New Englandtfor there have been very few duels fought there since.' Record Your Mortgages.,-Tho Cincin nati Republican says:-'In a case deci ded on Thursday last it.our Supreme Court, it appeared t hat MrAaron G. Gano heing the owner of ore or. the immense Pork Houses in Cincinnatismortgaged it to the Commiercial Bank for19,000, to se cure a bona fide debt. The'mortgage was correctly drawn up, execut~d and acknowl edged according to law, but was not in mediately recordedby thebank. Before it was recorded, the Bank: of the United States obtained a heavy judgment in Cin cinnati against Mr. Gano, without notice of the mortgage. The Co rt (Judge Este) decided that the judgmeit was the prior lien on the lot and buildinga, and thus, for want of recording in due'time, the Com mercial Bank has been cutout of $19,000. Such is the law of our State, vide Statutes of Ohio, vol. 29, page 348." The March of Civilization.-The Brit ish steam ships grind us lois'of British pa pers, British news, British lices, ginghams, calicoes, and broadcloths, British cutlery and plated ware, British sovereigns, (some times). British gentlemen, British books, British tourists and book-makers-in short every thing" paupers, foi which last the price of passage is too high a figure. %ui the "every thing" includes an article ni British production which>'we' can neither wear, invest, sell, read nor welcome British burglars and pickpiockets-gentle. men of the swell mob-the -real I article, of a top qunlit tensive rol. ed suspici - cy gentlen business o ' from the1 fication ba tldtibil don, "that er had to c. . ted States. --r A man named Death, still a resident o1 this State, fortnerly lived in this cit y. Ovec the door of his store was thesign of"Rec tifled Whiskey," anud directly under that name, " Absahom Death." Au old lady from the cotuntry, with her son, a heart3 lad, was one day quiedly wending her way through the street in a wagon; this sigr caught her eye. "Stop! ' Rectified Whiskey, A bsolute Death.'-That's a fact! Johnny, let me get out, there's one honesi man in ConnectiCut; [ want to see what he looks like.'' Emigrating toi Texas.-The Sun says, for the benefit of such as do not consider the United States either large or good en ough for them, wve copy a line or two from a letter we received yesterday from a fam ily in Texas who have learned wisdom by experience. They write: "If you come across atny fools who have the T1exas fever on them strong, just ask them a hat thev wvant to lose 1 for if they have atny thin~g to hose, Texas is just the place for them. * * * All we carried to Texas, or made there, has bieen sacrificed to get away again: * You know nothing of sickness at the North; here one0 day's fever will do more toward killing a man than a nmonth's sickness would with you.' Receding of the Sea-T he Phare e Rochelle states that the sea is receding so rapidly from thme bay of Bourg Netuf, that the remaitns of an English ship-of-war, mounting 634 gtuns, which was lost otn an oyster bank called Retrairs des Gumvres, wvhilst in pursuit ofra French ship. in 1752 is now to be found in the midst of a culbi vated plain. In calculating the depth of the wvatcr where this vessel struck, with its piresett level, it will be found that the depth of~ the sea has diminished at least fifteen feet. Madame Restell, or Mrs. Lohtflan, a woman who has made a good deal of noise in Ne w York, through advertisements in the penny papers, has been arrrested and is now in prison, on a charge of causing the deauth of a Mrs. Purday while endeavor ing to procure abortion. She has dotubtiess amassed a fortune in two or three years by selling 'Preventive Powderb' and other wise professing to do indirectly what she is now charged with doing directly and critminally. IHer race, we hope, is now run. The Profession of Law.-Burke says that law is one of the first and noblest of human sciences, and that it does more to quicken and invigorate the understanding than all other kinds of human learning put together, biut that it is not apt, "except in persons very happily born, to open anti liberalize the tmind exactly in the same proportion." Somebodly once temnarked that the Eng lishman is never happy but when he is miserable ; the Scotchtman is never at home bitt when he is ab~road ; andthe Irishman is never nt paen bitt when ho is fighting EDGEFIELD C. H1. TuURSDAY, APRIL 22, 1841. Col. William Drayton, has been placed at the head of the Pennsylvania Bank of the United States; it is to be feared he will not be able to resuscitate it. ,At an'election held on the 5th inst., the following;gentlemen were chosen, as Pre sident and Directors oftlie Bank ofGeorge town, viz: John W. Coachman, Benjamin King, E. B. Rothmahler, John C. Porter, John H. Alston, J. C. Henning, and Wm. E. Sparkman. The latter gentleman not in the late direction. John W. Coachman, Esqr., was subsequently elected President. Funeral Sabbath.-The Committee of Thirteen, appointed at a public meeting of the citizens of Charleston, convened for the purpose ofexpressing their sense of the national loss, sustained by the country in the decease of President Harrison, and of uniting in a tribute of respect to his me imory, have set apart the ninth day of May next, as a Feneral Sabbath, for the deliv ery of Discourses, in the Churches of all denominations, adapted to the solenn oc casion. The Committee, appointed at the meet. ing of citizens. in Augusta, have appoint ed Charles J. Jenkins, Esq.. to deliver an appropriate address, an Thursday the thir. teenth of May, as a tribute of respect to the memory of the late -President of the United States. The following is the result of an election held in Augusta, (Geo.) on the 12th inst., for Mayor and Members of Council: M. M. Dye, Mayor; Messrs. Crump, Garvin,* Lawson,* Hill,* Harris,' Eve,* Hora,* Plhinizy,, Hitt,* Miller, Harper. In the third ward there is a vacancy, oc casioned by a tie. ' New members. Connecticut Election.-The returns for Governor in this State, are, for Ellswortb, 2G,078; for Nicoll,20,458; giving a Whig majority of 5,620 votes. The Senate con sists of 21 members; of these. 20 Whigs are elected ; In the House of Representa tives 172 are elected, of whom 117 are Whigs, and 55 Democrats-leaving 40 va car'nies. For Congrees, they have elect Whigs. Se Harrisburg Correspondent of the . delphia Daily Chronicle, states, that rnor Porter had vetoed the Bank Bill, as anticipated. The reasons assigned - a are-apake.,of.asclear'anaispas te, and carefully and thoughtfully n tip. A correspondent of the New York Her aId observes :-ls it not remarkable that Mr. Tyler, who now becomes President of the United States, should now, for the third time step into a high public trust by the death of the incumbent. IHe was made Governor of Virginia by the death of the Governor, lie being vice-he was made Senator by the death of one before his time expired-atnd now he becomes President by the death of the only man un'ler whom he could evcr have been elec ted Vice Presidcnt. Dr. Laborde's Lecture.-T he Lecture of Dr. L aborde, before the Coltumbian Ly ceum, otn the evening of the 6th inst.. w as an ab)le production, effectively delivered; setting forth, in an elocluent and impres sive manner, the intellectual, moral, atnd religious tendencies of physical science, and the perfect harmnony of all the revela tions of the Deity, spiritual and natural of the natural lights of science, with the great spiritual ones of the Scriptures; ful ly realizing the high exp~ectations which had beeni fortned of it, atnd richly meriting mhe~ flanering reception it met with from a large andi~ highly respectable audience, brilliantly interspersed withi the beauty and lfashion of the town.-Southt Carolinian. Strange Business.-The last number of the Brother Jonaltan, gives thme following statement of the forgeries, committed by a late member of Cungress: The Hon. Charles F. Mitchell, of Lock port, and a Representative of the Niagara district, in the late Congress, has been staying at the Astor House for some days, but left on Wednesday morning for Phil adelphia. On Tuesday he was in Wall street, and having procured himself to be introduced to several Brokers, passed upon them sunt dry checks, purporting to be.drawvn by the Bank of Orleans at Atbiotn, otn the State Bank at Albany. They were all made payable to "the Hon. Chas. F. Mitchell, or order," and by hitm endorsed. T.he amotint wvas, as far as has beeni ascertain ed, $1400. The checks, having been sent up to Albany, came back as forgeries. At the same .itme there came on from Phila delphia, sundry cheeks of the Batik of Or leans on the Mechanics Bnnk of this city, endorsed by Mitchell, which on being pre sented at the Bank, were declared to be forgeries. The amount presented, so far, is $2800. The checks seem to hate been sohl1 to va rious Brokers itn Philadelphia on WVednues day. The whole affair seems to be the re sult of a thoroughly digested plan, and to have been carried OUt wvithout exciting the least suspicion on the part of any of the in dividuals defrauded. Indeed we do not see how conflune is to he placed in men at all, if such negociations are to dite sus picion. The checks on the Mechanics' ipnk bad a piece of unnecessary labor ex pended upon them, which increased the hazards of the operation. They were en dorsed as good, and the endorsement sign ed with the name of the Cashier, Mr. Ed monds, who is however now in Europe. Sundry letters and papers were found in the Honorable gentleman's chamber, in a conditiott indicating that his departure was hurried. The police are. of course, in hot pursuit. TO THE PEOPLE OF THE UNI TED STATES. Fellow Citizens.-Before my arrival at the Seat of Government the painful com munication was made to you by the ofli cers presiding over the several Depart ments, of the deeply regretted death of William Henry Harrison, late President of the United States. Upon him you had con ferred your suffrages for the first office in your gift, and had selected him as your chosen instrument to correct and refer all such errors and abuses as had manifested themselves from time to time in the prac tical operation of the Government. While standing at the threshold of this great work, he has by the dispensation of an all-wise Providence, been removed from amongst uts, and by the provisions of the Constitu tion the efforts to be directed to the accom plishing of this vitally important task have devolved upon myself. The same con currence has subjected the wisdom and sufficiency of our institutions to a new test. For the first time in our history the person elected to the Vice Presidency of the Uni ted States, by the happening of a contin gency provided for in the Constitution, has had devolved upon him the Presidential office. The spirit of faction, which is di rectly opposed to the spirit of a lofty pa triotism, may find in this occasion for as saults upon my administration. And in succeeding, tinder circumstances so sudden and unexpected. and to responsibilities so greatly augmented. to the administration of public affairs, Ishall place in the intel ligence, and patriotism of the People my only sure reliance. My earnest prayer shall be constantly addressed to the all wise and powerful Being who made me, and by whose dispensation 1am called to the high office of the President of this Confederacy, understandingly to carry out the princi ples of that Constitution which I have sworn " to protect, preserve, and defend." The usual opportunity which is afforded to a Chief Magistrate upon his induction to office of presenting to his countrymen an exposition of the policy which would guide his administration, in the form of an inau gural address, not having, under the pecu liar circumstances which have brought me .to the discharge of the high duties of Pre sident of the United States, been afforded to me a brief exposition of the principles' which will govern me in ihe general.course of my administration of public affairs would seem to be due as well to myself as to you. In regard to foreign nations, the ground work of my policy will he justice on our part to all, submitting to injustice from none. While I shall sedulously cultivate the relations of peace and amity with one and all, it will be my most imperative duty to.see sha. hohonor -of th.ecountiy hal sustain no blemish. With a view to this, the condition of our military defences will become a matter of anxious solicitude. The Army, which has in other days cover ed itself with renown, and the navy, tiot inappropriately termned the right arm of the public defence, which has spread a light of glory over the American standard in all the waters of the earth, shotdd be render ed replete with effciency. In view of the fact, wsell avouched by history, that the tendency of all human in stitutions is to concentrate power in the hands of a single man, and that their ulti mate downfall has proceeded from this cause, I deem it of the most essential im portance, that a complete separation should take place betwveen the sword and the purse. No matter wvhere or how the pub. lic moneys shall be deposited, so long as the President can exert the power of ap. pointing and1 removing, at his pleasore, the agents selected for their custodly, the Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy is in fact the Treasurer. A perma nent and radical change should therefore be decreed. The patronage incident to the Presidential offce, alreatdy great, is constantly increasing. Such increase is destined to keep pace with the growth of our population, until without a figure of speech, an army of offce holders may be spread over thme land. The utnrestrained power exerted by a selfish ambitious man, in ordler to perpetuate his authority, or to hand it over to some favorite as his suc cessor, may lead to the employment of all the means within his control to accomplish his object. The right to remove from of flce, while subjected to no just restraint, is inevitably destined to produce a spirit of crottching servility wvith the offcial corps, whtich, in order to uphold the hand which feeds them, would lead to direct and active interference in the elections, both State and Federal. thereby sttbjecting the course of State legislation to the dictation of the Chief Executive Offier, and making the will of that offier absolute and supreme. I wvill, at a proper time, invoke tlw action of Congress upon this subject, and shall readily acquiesce in the adoption of all proper measures which are calculated to arrest these evils, so full of danger in their tenency. I will remove no itncumbent from offieo who have faithfully and hon estly acquitted himself of the duties of~ his offce, except in such cases where such of ficer has been guilty of an active partizan ship, or by secret meatns--the less manly, and therefore the more objectionable-bas given his offcial influenee to the purposes of party, thereby britnging the patronage of the Government in conflict with the free dom of elections. Nutnerous removals may become necessary under this rule. These will he tmade by me with no acerbi ty of feeling. I have had no cattse to cher ish or indulge unkindl feelings towards any. but my condtuct wvill be regulated by a pro fottnd sense of what is due to the country and its institutions; nor shall 1 neglect to apply the same unbending rule to those of my own appointment. Freedom of opi nion wvill be tolerated, the full enjoyment of the right of suiffrage will be maintained as the birthright of every A'merican citi zen, but!I may say emphatically to the offi cial1 corps, "thus far and nn further.'" I have dwelt the longer upon this subject, because removals from oiffice are likely~gf ten to arise, and I Would have my c$ irymen to understand the principle of the Executive action. In all public expenditures the most rigid - economy should be resorted.tof.and, as one of its results, a public debt in time of peace be sedulously avoided. A wise and patri otic consistency will never object- to the imposition of necessary Lurdens or ,useful ends; and trub wisdom dictates thW.jesort to.such means, in order to supply deficien ied in the revenue, rather than to those doubtful expedients, which,.ultimating in 3 public debt, serve to embarrass the re sources of the country and to l iessewAits ability to meet any great emergency which may arisi. All sinecures shiould be abol ished. The appropriations should be di rect and explicit, so as to leave-as limited a share of discretion to the disb Ing agents as may be found compatible'ith the public service. A stricti-espons lit )n ihe part of all the agents of the Gdjert. ment should be maintained, anf& pecula iou or defalcation visited with immediate expulsion from office and the most condign.* punishment. The Public interest also demands that. if any wvar has existed betwein the Go vernment and the currency, it shall cease. $Ieasures of a financial character, now baving the sanction of legal enatments, shall be faithfully enforced until repealed by the legislative authority. But lowe it to myself to declare that I regard existing nactments as unwise and impolitic, and in a high degree oppressive. Ishall prompt ly give my sanction to any constitutionil measure which, originating in Congress, ;hall have for its object the restoration of a sound circulating medium, soesse'tially necessary to give confidence in all the transactions of life, to secure to industry itsjust and adequate rewards, and to re-es tablish the public prosperity. In deciding upon the adaptation of any such measure to the end proposed, as well as its conform. ity to the Constitution, I shall resort to the Fathers of the great Republican school for advice and instruction, so be drawn from their sage views of our system of Govern ment, and the light of their ever glorious example. The institutions under which we live, my countrymen, secure each person in the perfect enjoyment of all his rights. The spectacle is exhibited to the world of a Government deriving its powers from the consent of the governed, and hav ing imparted to it only so much power as is necessary for its successful operation*_. Those who are charged with its adminis tration should carefully abstain fr6m all at tempts to enlarge the range of powers thus granted to the several departments of the' Government, other than by an appeal to the People for additional grants, lest bylo doing they disturb that balance which the patriots and statesmen who framed the Constitution designed to establish between the Federal Government and the States composing the-Union. The obseriance of these rules is enjoined upon us by-that feel in of reverence and affection whiih finds a place in the heart of every patriot for the preservation of union and the blessings of anion-for the. .good.f.sut children and sur childre erierations. A-positcourse: d n rail to generate factions, intent upon the zratification of their [selfish ends; to give birth to local and sectional jealousies, and to ultimate either in breaking asunder the bonds of union, or in building up a central system, which would inevitably end in a bloody sceptre and an iron crown. In conclusion, I beg you to be assured that I shall exert myself to carry the tore going principles into practice during my ad ministrat ion of the Government, -and, confiding in the proteeting care of an ever watchful and overruling Providence, it shall be my first and highest duty to pre serve unimpaired the free institutions un der which we live, and transmnit them to. hose who shall succeed me in their full force and vigor. JOHN TYLER. Wash1iton .April 9, 184A1. .OFFICIAL. TO THlE PEOPLE OF THE U. STATES. A RECoMMlENDATIoN. When~a Christian People feel themselves to be overtaken by a great public calamity,. it becomes them to humnble themselves un d~er the dispensation of Divine Providence, to recognize his righteous government over the children of men, to acknowledge is. goodness in time past, as well as thetr own unworthiness, and to supplicate His merci rul protection for the future. The dea'h of WILLrAat HJENRY lARRI-r sor', late President of the United States, so soon after his elevation to that high of lice. is a bereavement particularly calcc lared to be regarded as a heavy afflictiot, and to impress all minds with a sense of the uncertainty of human things, and of the dependence of Nations, as well as of individuals, upon our Heavenly Parent. I have thought, therefore, that 1 should be actitng in conformity with the general . expectation and fcclings of the communi ty in recommending, as I now do, to the People of the United States, of every reli gious denomination, that, according to their several modes and forms of worship, they abserve a day of Fasting and Prayer, by such religious services as may be suitab'e an the occasion; and I recommend Fri Jay, the fourteerth day of May next, fr hat purpose; to the end that, on thatday, we may all, with one accord, join in hum ble and reverernial approach to Him, in whose hands we are. invoking him to in-4 spire us with a proper spirit and temper of heart and mind under these frowns of his providence, and still to bestow Hisgraciouis benedictions upon our Government and aur country. JOHN TYLER. Washington, A pril 13, 1841. ' Goiv. Owoen.-Blut for this. gentleman's 3. sharacteristic modesty, he would be at th's ime, President of the United States. it has been stated in this paper before, that ut the Hlarrisburg Convenstion, the nomi nation of Vice President was ure upon his acceptance. He steadily declined%the honor, however, thinking Gov. Tylerd5ad stronger claims ufon the party, and-that his nomination would probabty carry Vir ginia. That gentleman was accordingly selected, and, by the death of Gen. Hart son, becomes Prosident ofthe U. States. Rnliger Regrisler.