Edgefield advertiser. (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, April 22, 1841, Image 2
Jiscelaneous.
From the Charleston Mercury.
THE COTTON CROP.
We gave it as our opinion on the 1st of
March, that the falling off in the crop lr
the latter part of the year, would .be great
er in proportion than for the preceding
five months, and on this we based a calcu
lation that the present crop would not ex.
ceed 1,600,000 bales. Tho receipts for
the month of March indicate that it will
fall short of that. And nothing is more
certain now, than that the deficiency is
general, although more oppressively great
in South Carolina and Georgia, than in
the South vest. On the first of March the
excess of the last, over the present crop,
was as we stated, something more than
200,000 bales. The following is a table
of receipts of Cotton at the principal
Southern ports at datcs near the first of
April.
1840-1 1839-40
N. Orleans, March 31, 623,189 709,312
Mobile, " 27, 265,328 308,486
Florni, " 27, 62,726 63,050
Georgia, April 2, 96,365 193,258
So. Carolina, " 3, 145,255 217,586
Total, 1,199,863 1,511,722
1,196,853
Deficiency of present crop, 311,869
It appears from this that the receipts of
March, 1841, have fallen short of March
1840, by 100,000 bales, which indicates
that the crop is nearly exhausted, for
Mlarch is ever a brisk month, and the
navigation for the grealer part of it has
been good. The freshet may have had
some influence, but for a very brief space.
In short, the prospect of the crop for the re
maining part of the year is gloomy enough,
and should warn all men to spend as little
money as possible.
In regard to the disposition of that part
of the crop which has already come to
market, there is little to remark. The ex
port coastwise is influenced by so many
circumstances, that it is not easy to draw
any conclusions from it. This item has in
creased the present season about 100,000
bales, and as this is not explained by any
considerable increase in the aggregate of
foreign exports and of stock at New York,
we may suppose that the domestic con
sumption has largely advanced.
In regard to the direct foreign exports,
it should be observed that the exports to
Great Britain alone on the 1st of April last
year, very nearly equalled the exports o'
this season to all foreign places. Still the
stock on hand in the Southern ports is
much less than in.1840.
The amount of Sea Islands approaches
much nearer to the crop of last year than
was anticipated. The comparison on the
1st of April is as follows:
1841, 16,301 bales.
1840, 19,049 bales.
Of all the Southern States, Georgia will
suffer most from the deficiency. Not only
because the deficiency is there greatest,
but her citizens are greatly in debt-her
banking system is in the extremest confu
sion, and a number of State'works are in
p rogress, involving a great expenditure.
The entanglement of the State with rotten
-bank-swm-dd-tho-dstressifroes-not
bring about public bankruptcy, and a
grand explosion of the credit system in
Georgia.
The Mineral Iealhof S. C.-We have
been favored with the sight of a Report
submitted by a Commit tee, to the Stock.
holders of the South Carolina Manufac
turing Company, which is engaged in the
manufacture of Iron, in Spartanburght Dis
trict. This Company, the Report informs
us, took possession of it's works, then in a
very incomplete state, in November 1834.
From that time to November 1835, the
Stockholders paid in $30,000; and since
then they have not paid in another dollar,
except from the profits of the works. rThey
are engaged actively tin making iron of all
sorts, caStings and nails. They had been
in operation, from Nov. 1834, to Jan. 1841,
six years and two months, and in that time,
under their energetic and skilful maniager,
Mr. William Clarke, ,,they have paid up,
from die profits of the business, $70,000 to
'yards their capital, inaking it now 8109,
000 paid in. They made, during the yeatr
1840, $70,000 worth of iron castigs and..
nails, and declared a nett profit on their
business, for the year, of 826,692 21, or
more than 26 per cnt.-Thec operations
of the present ycar, wec understand, promise
equally well.
Mr. Clark may be said to he the found
er of a new branch of industry amongst
us. He has, by extraordinary perseverance,
and devotion to business, joined with very
accurate knowledge of all the operations
connected with it, succeeded beyond atny
other person amongst tus, in developing
sources of wealth, as valuable to the pub
lic, as they have proved remunerating to
those associated with hinm.-We aire grati
fied to learn that lhe has lately become
largely interested in the Nesbit I ron WVorks,
situated at the head of navigation on the
Broad River, of which he has the mnanrage
ment, and where his sphere of operations
will be greatly enlarged.
Every one'must feel pleasure in the suc
cessof undertakings so intimately connect
ed with the welfare of the country. In
peace,. we can procure our supplies of iron
elsewhere, by sending our money abroad
for them, which is better wye should retain
at home, to reward our own indust.iy in its
fair competition ; but it is in time of wvar
that we shall realise the imimenise value of
these works. Iron enters into every 'iusi
ness of life-ministers to every art and
employment. It is necessary to peaceful
industry, as it is indespensible for our die
fence. In ease of a war with England Our
coasts is liabale to blockade, we may be
thrown entirely on otir own founderies for
the means of defending ourselves, and we
therefore doubly rejoice in seeing such re
sources developing themselves.-South
Carolinian.
A4 Fact.-T wo gentlemen from Boston,
arrived in Washington late on the night of
the 3d inst. to witness the inaugurat ion of
General Harrison. Fatigued, worn out,
and weary, the moment they arrived at
Brown's Hotel, they wished to be shown
their lodging room, and were accordingly
ushered up into the sky parlor, and shown
were quickly onsconsed between the sheets,
and, -ve doubt not, were busily snoring in
a few minutes. The morning of the fourth
broke bright and glorious-the sun rubbed
his eyes, washed his face, and put on a
clean shirt collar-bells were sending forth
a merry peal-cannons wvere bellowing
themselves hoarse-and the mass of the
multitude were wending their way to the
capitol. Our heroes slept midst all the
noise and tumult. The ceremonies were
over-the people had retired to dinner
the grand display was past, and many an
aching head was pressing the pillow, when
some surprise was manifested by the chakm
ber-maid of the hotel, of the non-appear
ance of the two gentlemen. Beds musf
he made up, and chambermaids cannot
wait with patience. Sambo, the head
servant, was despatched to the room to see
what could possibly be the matter. He
knocked loudly at the door, and was re
quested to "come in."
"Hallo, Snowball!" said the one on the
front sde of the bed ; "all alive in the street,
eh ? much going on and breakfast ready?"
"No, massa, they-ve got through going
on, and supper ison the table."
"How the two gentlemen felt, and the
strange words uttered when they ascertain
ed the leugth of time they had slept, and
learned the ceremonies were over, we
leave to the imagination of our readers;
but of one tbing we are assured, that at
the next inauguration, neither of them will
sleep in a room where there is no window.
Phil. Chronicle.
Does the Mind alhays Think?-Mr.
Locke's arguments in respect to this sub
ject, are the following: That during sleep
we are not conscious of thought; that the
mind is always active, even without our
knowledge; that we have no ideas, but
those derived from sensation an:d reflection;
and that no one can know whether a per
son thinks in his sleep except himself.
A writer in the Providence Journal,
cites the following facts, recorded by Pre
sident Dwight, of Yale College, to proie
in opposition to Locke's theory, that a man
may walk in his sleep without knowing it;
and another man may see him walking,
and doing other things which involve
thought, and thus ascertain to a certainty
that the sleeper thinks, while he himself is
unconscious of it.
A physician in Lambertowu,N. J., found
to his great surprise, on waking one morn
ing, that he was without a shirt; and was
unable to discover any trace of it after
searching his room. Having dressed him
self and made particular enquiries, he was
obliged to remain in doubt with regard to
the cause of this singular occurrence. On
the following morning, however, he found
himself in a similar predicament, and was
obliged to furnish himself as before, with
out the power of making a discovery. The
same thing happened the three following
days; so that five of his shirts had at last,
mysteriously disappeared. The matter
had now become so wonderful, that his
brother determined to sleep with him and
ascertain, if possible, the cause of it. In
the night the physician rose from bed,
without speaking and left the room. His
brother, who wason the watch, hurried on
a few clothes and followed him. The for
mer-took his way towards the Delaware,
Vbirent oisaivaT'bepr _o ' Uhif
and placing his shirt in a hole, leaped into
the water.-Afuer swimming for some time
he regained the shore, proceeding home
ward, wvithout stopping for his garment,
and went to bed. 'Tbc brother followed,
being convinced he wias asleep, and took
his place again beside him in bed without
waking him. The next day, on examin
ing the hole on the river's hank, the six
shirts were found, where their owner had
deposited them, unconscious, or forgetful,
of every thing he had done.'
In another case there was still greater
evidence of thought during sleep of which
the agent was eqtually ignorant. A shoe
maker's wife was one night awakened by
her husband arising in his sleep, and prea
ching a sermon of sonme length. At the
close of it lie gave notice, that on the fol
lowing evening he should deliver another
discourse ; and this he did with such grav
ity, that she invited several of her neigh
hors to atimnd. They came on the even
ing atppointed, and we-re gratified with his
sermon as well ais with the renewal of the
appoitntent oo the next Thursday even
ing, which lhe annioutnced as before. Thus
he continued to preach once a week, and
in a manner wvhiceh his audience wer gra
tifieed with utntil time secret was nccidlenial
ly divulged to him, and that pt an end to
it. The probiability is, that this man could
not have formetd a sermon in his waking
hours.
An eminent lawyer once told me, that
having a diflietilt case to argtue, after hav
ing devised several different methods for
maniaging it, he dlreampt out otne at night,
which otn the Iollowing morning he recol
lected, and pireferred to the others so mutch,
that lie adoptedl it in court.
The imagination is unodoubtedlly strong
er (luring sleep, than wh len awake. WVhile
I lived at Northam pton, I[was engaged for
a time to supply a wiinter society, as mu
is called: this is ani assembly nieeting for
public worship; in a part of the town -t a
distance from the church. One nib t [
dreamipt of preaching to thenm anid chose
rather a singular text. It ivas this: '"Then
answered the Hiugh Priest, ye is v tnothing
at all." When I awoke, I remembered
the whole of the sermon, and it was of
such a nature that 1 determitned to iwrite it.
*From the Macon Mesengcr.
MURDER AND CONVICT[ON.
Ont the 2d of March, ultimo, Nathan
Tauntotn was murdered in the towvn of Lan
ier~ Macon courAty, by Robert T. Downing.
Th'le diflieulty between themi wasofa triv
ial character. A few words passed respeca
ting a bet of fifty cents, which one of them
had made on a gatme called "Fox and
Geese," wihen Downing drew a pistol and
shot Taunton through the lower~ part of the
head, of which he (lied instantly.
The trial of Downing came on before
Judge Taylor, on Thursday last, at the
regular term of the Superior Court of Ma
con county, which resulted in his convic
tion of the crime of murder. He was sent
tenced to be hung on ihe2lst ofiay nexu.*
The case was ably inanaged on both sides
by several attorneys, and strong efforts
were madte by the prisoner's council 10
post potne the trial till the next term. The
..ena~,ons vned were deemed insniant
by the judge aud such a course subversive
of the ehds ofjustice. Thejhury who sat
opon the case, were among' the most re
spectable citizens of the county; and we
believe that there is no dissenting voice in
the community where the purder was
committed, but that ihey have.done justice
by their verdict ; and it is to b-e hoped that
the example which this&coUviction affords
will not be lost, where such an example (it
is generally admit ted) has-lifg, been nee
ded. Dowing has been cominitted to jail
in this city for safe keeping
*We understand this to Vi the time of
oxecution, but we may be mistaken as to
the day.
The First Duel in New Eagland.-The
first duel in New England-76as fought with
sword and dagger, betweetj two servents.
Neither of them was killedgbut both were
wounded. For this disgraced offence they
were formally tried before.the whole com
pany, (the first settlers) anl sentenced to
have their "heads and feet tied together,
and so to be twenty-four hpurs, without
meat or drink." Such, ho ever, was the
painfulness of their situatin, and their
piteous entreaties to be releqed, that upon
promise of their good behaviour in future,
they were soon released bythe governor.
"Such was the origin," ua Ur. Morse,
*and'such, I may almostr eiture to say.
was the termination of the odious practice
of duelling in New Englandtfor there have
been very few duels fought there since.'
Record Your Mortgages.,-Tho Cincin
nati Republican says:-'In a case deci
ded on Thursday last it.our Supreme
Court, it appeared t hat MrAaron G. Gano
heing the owner of ore or. the immense
Pork Houses in Cincinnatismortgaged it to
the Commiercial Bank for19,000, to se
cure a bona fide debt. The'mortgage was
correctly drawn up, execut~d and acknowl
edged according to law, but was not in
mediately recordedby thebank. Before
it was recorded, the Bank: of the United
States obtained a heavy judgment in Cin
cinnati against Mr. Gano, without notice
of the mortgage. The Co rt (Judge Este)
decided that the judgmeit was the prior
lien on the lot and buildinga, and thus, for
want of recording in due'time, the Com
mercial Bank has been cutout of $19,000.
Such is the law of our State, vide Statutes
of Ohio, vol. 29, page 348."
The March of Civilization.-The Brit
ish steam ships grind us lois'of British pa
pers, British news, British lices, ginghams,
calicoes, and broadcloths, British cutlery
and plated ware, British sovereigns, (some
times). British gentlemen, British books,
British tourists and book-makers-in short
every thing" paupers, foi which last the
price of passage is too high a figure. %ui
the "every thing" includes an article ni
British production which>'we' can neither
wear, invest, sell, read nor welcome
British burglars and pickpiockets-gentle.
men of the swell mob-the -real I
article, of a top qunlit
tensive rol.
ed suspici -
cy gentlen
business o '
from the1
fication ba
tldtibil
don, "that
er had to c. .
ted States. --r
A man named Death, still a resident o1
this State, fortnerly lived in this cit y. Ovec
the door of his store was thesign of"Rec
tifled Whiskey," anud directly under that
name, " Absahom Death." Au old lady
from the cotuntry, with her son, a heart3
lad, was one day quiedly wending her way
through the street in a wagon; this sigr
caught her eye. "Stop! ' Rectified
Whiskey, A bsolute Death.'-That's a fact!
Johnny, let me get out, there's one honesi
man in ConnectiCut; [ want to see what
he looks like.''
Emigrating toi Texas.-The Sun says,
for the benefit of such as do not consider
the United States either large or good en
ough for them, wve copy a line or two from
a letter we received yesterday from a fam
ily in Texas who have learned wisdom by
experience. They write: "If you come
across atny fools who have the T1exas fever
on them strong, just ask them a hat thev
wvant to lose 1 for if they have atny thin~g
to hose, Texas is just the place for them.
* * * All we carried to Texas, or
made there, has bieen sacrificed to get away
again: * You know nothing
of sickness at the North; here one0 day's
fever will do more toward killing a man
than a nmonth's sickness would with you.'
Receding of the Sea-T he Phare e
Rochelle states that the sea is receding so
rapidly from thme bay of Bourg Netuf, that
the remaitns of an English ship-of-war,
mounting 634 gtuns, which was lost otn an
oyster bank called Retrairs des Gumvres,
wvhilst in pursuit ofra French ship. in 1752
is now to be found in the midst of a culbi
vated plain. In calculating the depth of
the wvatcr where this vessel struck, with
its piresett level, it will be found that the
depth of~ the sea has diminished at least
fifteen feet.
Madame Restell, or Mrs. Lohtflan, a
woman who has made a good deal of noise
in Ne w York, through advertisements in the
penny papers, has been arrrested and is
now in prison, on a charge of causing the
deauth of a Mrs. Purday while endeavor
ing to procure abortion. She has dotubtiess
amassed a fortune in two or three years by
selling 'Preventive Powderb' and other
wise professing to do indirectly what she
is now charged with doing directly and
critminally. IHer race, we hope, is now run.
The Profession of Law.-Burke says
that law is one of the first and noblest of
human sciences, and that it does more to
quicken and invigorate the understanding
than all other kinds of human learning put
together, biut that it is not apt, "except in
persons very happily born, to open anti
liberalize the tmind exactly in the same
proportion."
Somebodly once temnarked that the Eng
lishman is never happy but when he is
miserable ; the Scotchtman is never at home
bitt when he is ab~road ; andthe Irishman
is never nt paen bitt when ho is fighting
EDGEFIELD C. H1.
TuURSDAY, APRIL 22, 1841.
Col. William Drayton, has been placed
at the head of the Pennsylvania Bank of
the United States; it is to be feared he
will not be able to resuscitate it.
,At an'election held on the 5th inst., the
following;gentlemen were chosen, as Pre
sident and Directors oftlie Bank ofGeorge
town, viz: John W. Coachman, Benjamin
King, E. B. Rothmahler, John C. Porter,
John H. Alston, J. C. Henning, and Wm.
E. Sparkman. The latter gentleman not
in the late direction. John W. Coachman,
Esqr., was subsequently elected President.
Funeral Sabbath.-The Committee of
Thirteen, appointed at a public meeting of
the citizens of Charleston, convened for
the purpose ofexpressing their sense of the
national loss, sustained by the country in
the decease of President Harrison, and of
uniting in a tribute of respect to his me
imory, have set apart the ninth day of May
next, as a Feneral Sabbath, for the deliv
ery of Discourses, in the Churches of all
denominations, adapted to the solenn oc
casion.
The Committee, appointed at the meet.
ing of citizens. in Augusta, have appoint
ed Charles J. Jenkins, Esq.. to deliver an
appropriate address, an Thursday the thir.
teenth of May, as a tribute of respect to
the memory of the late -President of the
United States.
The following is the result of an election
held in Augusta, (Geo.) on the 12th inst.,
for Mayor and Members of Council:
M. M. Dye, Mayor; Messrs. Crump,
Garvin,* Lawson,* Hill,* Harris,' Eve,*
Hora,* Plhinizy,, Hitt,* Miller, Harper.
In the third ward there is a vacancy, oc
casioned by a tie.
' New members.
Connecticut Election.-The returns for
Governor in this State, are, for Ellswortb,
2G,078; for Nicoll,20,458; giving a Whig
majority of 5,620 votes. The Senate con
sists of 21 members; of these. 20 Whigs
are elected ; In the House of Representa
tives 172 are elected, of whom 117 are
Whigs, and 55 Democrats-leaving 40 va
car'nies. For Congrees, they have elect
Whigs.
Se Harrisburg Correspondent of the
. delphia Daily Chronicle, states, that
rnor Porter had vetoed the Bank Bill,
as anticipated. The reasons assigned
- a are-apake.,of.asclear'anaispas
te, and carefully and thoughtfully
n tip.
A correspondent of the New York Her
aId observes :-ls it not remarkable that
Mr. Tyler, who now becomes President
of the United States, should now, for the
third time step into a high public trust by
the death of the incumbent. IHe was
made Governor of Virginia by the death
of the Governor, lie being vice-he was
made Senator by the death of one before
his time expired-atnd now he becomes
President by the death of the only man
un'ler whom he could evcr have been elec
ted Vice Presidcnt.
Dr. Laborde's Lecture.-T he Lecture
of Dr. L aborde, before the Coltumbian Ly
ceum, otn the evening of the 6th inst.. w as
an ab)le production, effectively delivered;
setting forth, in an elocluent and impres
sive manner, the intellectual, moral, atnd
religious tendencies of physical science,
and the perfect harmnony of all the revela
tions of the Deity, spiritual and natural
of the natural lights of science, with the
great spiritual ones of the Scriptures; ful
ly realizing the high exp~ectations which
had beeni fortned of it, atnd richly meriting
mhe~ flanering reception it met with from a
large andi~ highly respectable audience,
brilliantly interspersed withi the beauty and
lfashion of the town.-Southt Carolinian.
Strange Business.-The last number of
the Brother Jonaltan, gives thme following
statement of the forgeries, committed by a
late member of Cungress:
The Hon. Charles F. Mitchell, of Lock
port, and a Representative of the Niagara
district, in the late Congress, has been
staying at the Astor House for some days,
but left on Wednesday morning for Phil
adelphia.
On Tuesday he was in Wall street, and
having procured himself to be introduced
to several Brokers, passed upon them sunt
dry checks, purporting to be.drawvn by the
Bank of Orleans at Atbiotn, otn the State
Bank at Albany. They were all made
payable to "the Hon. Chas. F. Mitchell,
or order," and by hitm endorsed. T.he
amotint wvas, as far as has beeni ascertain
ed, $1400. The checks, having been sent
up to Albany, came back as forgeries. At
the same .itme there came on from Phila
delphia, sundry cheeks of the Batik of Or
leans on the Mechanics Bnnk of this city,
endorsed by Mitchell, which on being pre
sented at the Bank, were declared to be
forgeries.
The amount presented, so far, is $2800.
The checks seem to hate been sohl1 to va
rious Brokers itn Philadelphia on WVednues
day. The whole affair seems to be the re
sult of a thoroughly digested plan, and to
have been carried OUt wvithout exciting the
least suspicion on the part of any of the in
dividuals defrauded. Indeed we do not see
how conflune is to he placed in men at
all, if such negociations are to dite sus
picion. The checks on the Mechanics'
ipnk bad a piece of unnecessary labor ex
pended upon them, which increased the
hazards of the operation. They were en
dorsed as good, and the endorsement sign
ed with the name of the Cashier, Mr. Ed
monds, who is however now in Europe.
Sundry letters and papers were found in
the Honorable gentleman's chamber, in a
conditiott indicating that his departure was
hurried. The police are. of course, in hot
pursuit.
TO THE PEOPLE OF THE UNI
TED STATES.
Fellow Citizens.-Before my arrival at
the Seat of Government the painful com
munication was made to you by the ofli
cers presiding over the several Depart
ments, of the deeply regretted death of
William Henry Harrison, late President of
the United States. Upon him you had con
ferred your suffrages for the first office in
your gift, and had selected him as your
chosen instrument to correct and refer all
such errors and abuses as had manifested
themselves from time to time in the prac
tical operation of the Government. While
standing at the threshold of this great work,
he has by the dispensation of an all-wise
Providence, been removed from amongst
uts, and by the provisions of the Constitu
tion the efforts to be directed to the accom
plishing of this vitally important task have
devolved upon myself. The same con
currence has subjected the wisdom and
sufficiency of our institutions to a new test.
For the first time in our history the person
elected to the Vice Presidency of the Uni
ted States, by the happening of a contin
gency provided for in the Constitution, has
had devolved upon him the Presidential
office. The spirit of faction, which is di
rectly opposed to the spirit of a lofty pa
triotism, may find in this occasion for as
saults upon my administration. And in
succeeding, tinder circumstances so sudden
and unexpected. and to responsibilities so
greatly augmented. to the administration
of public affairs, Ishall place in the intel
ligence, and patriotism of the People my
only sure reliance. My earnest prayer shall
be constantly addressed to the all wise and
powerful Being who made me, and by
whose dispensation 1am called to the high
office of the President of this Confederacy,
understandingly to carry out the princi
ples of that Constitution which I have
sworn " to protect, preserve, and defend."
The usual opportunity which is afforded
to a Chief Magistrate upon his induction
to office of presenting to his countrymen an
exposition of the policy which would guide
his administration, in the form of an inau
gural address, not having, under the pecu
liar circumstances which have brought me
.to the discharge of the high duties of Pre
sident of the United States, been afforded
to me a brief exposition of the principles'
which will govern me in ihe general.course
of my administration of public affairs would
seem to be due as well to myself as to you.
In regard to foreign nations, the ground
work of my policy will he justice on our
part to all, submitting to injustice from
none. While I shall sedulously cultivate
the relations of peace and amity with one
and all, it will be my most imperative duty
to.see sha. hohonor -of th.ecountiy hal
sustain no blemish. With a view to this,
the condition of our military defences will
become a matter of anxious solicitude.
The Army, which has in other days cover
ed itself with renown, and the navy, tiot
inappropriately termned the right arm of the
public defence, which has spread a light
of glory over the American standard in all
the waters of the earth, shotdd be render
ed replete with effciency.
In view of the fact, wsell avouched by
history, that the tendency of all human in
stitutions is to concentrate power in the
hands of a single man, and that their ulti
mate downfall has proceeded from this
cause, I deem it of the most essential im
portance, that a complete separation should
take place betwveen the sword and the
purse. No matter wvhere or how the pub.
lic moneys shall be deposited, so long as
the President can exert the power of ap.
pointing and1 removing, at his pleasore,
the agents selected for their custodly, the
Commander-in-Chief of the Army and
Navy is in fact the Treasurer. A perma
nent and radical change should therefore
be decreed. The patronage incident to
the Presidential offce, alreatdy great, is
constantly increasing. Such increase is
destined to keep pace with the growth of
our population, until without a figure of
speech, an army of offce holders may be
spread over thme land. The utnrestrained
power exerted by a selfish ambitious man,
in ordler to perpetuate his authority, or to
hand it over to some favorite as his suc
cessor, may lead to the employment of all
the means within his control to accomplish
his object. The right to remove from of
flce, while subjected to no just restraint, is
inevitably destined to produce a spirit of
crottching servility wvith the offcial corps,
whtich, in order to uphold the hand which
feeds them, would lead to direct and active
interference in the elections, both State and
Federal. thereby sttbjecting the course of
State legislation to the dictation of the
Chief Executive Offier, and making the
will of that offier absolute and supreme.
I wvill, at a proper time, invoke tlw action
of Congress upon this subject, and shall
readily acquiesce in the adoption of all
proper measures which are calculated to
arrest these evils, so full of danger in their
tenency. I will remove no itncumbent
from offieo who have faithfully and hon
estly acquitted himself of the duties of~ his
offce, except in such cases where such of
ficer has been guilty of an active partizan
ship, or by secret meatns--the less manly,
and therefore the more objectionable-bas
given his offcial influenee to the purposes
of party, thereby britnging the patronage of
the Government in conflict with the free
dom of elections. Nutnerous removals
may become necessary under this rule.
These will he tmade by me with no acerbi
ty of feeling. I have had no cattse to cher
ish or indulge unkindl feelings towards any.
but my condtuct wvill be regulated by a pro
fottnd sense of what is due to the country
and its institutions; nor shall 1 neglect to
apply the same unbending rule to those of
my own appointment. Freedom of opi
nion wvill be tolerated, the full enjoyment
of the right of suiffrage will be maintained
as the birthright of every A'merican citi
zen, but!I may say emphatically to the offi
cial1 corps, "thus far and nn further.'" I
have dwelt the longer upon this subject,
because removals from oiffice are likely~gf
ten to arise, and I Would have my c$
irymen to understand the principle of the
Executive action.
In all public expenditures the most rigid -
economy should be resorted.tof.and, as one
of its results, a public debt in time of peace
be sedulously avoided. A wise and patri
otic consistency will never object- to the
imposition of necessary Lurdens or ,useful
ends; and trub wisdom dictates thW.jesort
to.such means, in order to supply deficien
ied in the revenue, rather than to those
doubtful expedients, which,.ultimating in
3 public debt, serve to embarrass the re
sources of the country and to l iessewAits
ability to meet any great emergency which
may arisi. All sinecures shiould be abol
ished. The appropriations should be di
rect and explicit, so as to leave-as limited
a share of discretion to the disb Ing
agents as may be found compatible'ith
the public service. A stricti-espons lit
)n ihe part of all the agents of the Gdjert.
ment should be maintained, anf& pecula
iou or defalcation visited with immediate
expulsion from office and the most condign.*
punishment.
The Public interest also demands that.
if any wvar has existed betwein the Go
vernment and the currency, it shall cease.
$Ieasures of a financial character, now
baving the sanction of legal enatments,
shall be faithfully enforced until repealed
by the legislative authority. But lowe it
to myself to declare that I regard existing
nactments as unwise and impolitic, and
in a high degree oppressive. Ishall prompt
ly give my sanction to any constitutionil
measure which, originating in Congress,
;hall have for its object the restoration of a
sound circulating medium, soesse'tially
necessary to give confidence in all the
transactions of life, to secure to industry
itsjust and adequate rewards, and to re-es
tablish the public prosperity. In deciding
upon the adaptation of any such measure
to the end proposed, as well as its conform.
ity to the Constitution, I shall resort to the
Fathers of the great Republican school for
advice and instruction, so be drawn from
their sage views of our system of Govern
ment, and the light of their ever glorious
example.
The institutions under which we live,
my countrymen, secure each person in the
perfect enjoyment of all his rights. The
spectacle is exhibited to the world of a
Government deriving its powers from
the consent of the governed, and hav
ing imparted to it only so much power as is
necessary for its successful operation*_.
Those who are charged with its adminis
tration should carefully abstain fr6m all at
tempts to enlarge the range of powers thus
granted to the several departments of the'
Government, other than by an appeal to
the People for additional grants, lest bylo
doing they disturb that balance which the
patriots and statesmen who framed the
Constitution designed to establish between
the Federal Government and the States
composing the-Union. The obseriance of
these rules is enjoined upon us by-that feel
in of reverence and affection whiih finds
a place in the heart of every patriot for the
preservation of union and the blessings of
anion-for the. .good.f.sut children and
sur childre
erierations. A-positcourse: d n
rail to generate factions, intent upon the
zratification of their [selfish ends; to give
birth to local and sectional jealousies, and
to ultimate either in breaking asunder the
bonds of union, or in building up a central
system, which would inevitably end in a
bloody sceptre and an iron crown.
In conclusion, I beg you to be assured
that I shall exert myself to carry the tore
going principles into practice during my
ad ministrat ion of the Government, -and,
confiding in the proteeting care of an ever
watchful and overruling Providence, it
shall be my first and highest duty to pre
serve unimpaired the free institutions un
der which we live, and transmnit them to.
hose who shall succeed me in their full
force and vigor. JOHN TYLER.
Wash1iton .April 9, 184A1.
.OFFICIAL.
TO THlE PEOPLE OF THE U. STATES.
A RECoMMlENDATIoN.
When~a Christian People feel themselves
to be overtaken by a great public calamity,.
it becomes them to humnble themselves un
d~er the dispensation of Divine Providence,
to recognize his righteous government over
the children of men, to acknowledge is.
goodness in time past, as well as thetr own
unworthiness, and to supplicate His merci
rul protection for the future.
The dea'h of WILLrAat HJENRY lARRI-r
sor', late President of the United States,
so soon after his elevation to that high of
lice. is a bereavement particularly calcc
lared to be regarded as a heavy afflictiot,
and to impress all minds with a sense of
the uncertainty of human things, and of
the dependence of Nations, as well as of
individuals, upon our Heavenly Parent.
I have thought, therefore, that 1 should
be actitng in conformity with the general .
expectation and fcclings of the communi
ty in recommending, as I now do, to the
People of the United States, of every reli
gious denomination, that, according to their
several modes and forms of worship, they
abserve a day of Fasting and Prayer, by
such religious services as may be suitab'e
an the occasion; and I recommend Fri
Jay, the fourteerth day of May next, fr
hat purpose; to the end that, on thatday,
we may all, with one accord, join in hum
ble and reverernial approach to Him, in
whose hands we are. invoking him to in-4
spire us with a proper spirit and temper of
heart and mind under these frowns of his
providence, and still to bestow Hisgraciouis
benedictions upon our Government and
aur country. JOHN TYLER.
Washington, A pril 13, 1841. '
Goiv. Owoen.-Blut for this. gentleman's 3.
sharacteristic modesty, he would be at th's
ime, President of the United States. it
has been stated in this paper before, that
ut the Hlarrisburg Convenstion, the nomi
nation of Vice President was ure upon
his acceptance. He steadily declined%the
honor, however, thinking Gov. Tylerd5ad
stronger claims ufon the party, and-that
his nomination would probabty carry Vir
ginia. That gentleman was accordingly
selected, and, by the death of Gen. Hart
son, becomes Prosident ofthe U. States.
Rnliger Regrisler.