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. / % THE MESSAGE President's Review of National Affairs Read to Congress. HRfiFS WAR (IN ANARCHISTS VliMuu nun vii iiiiiuiviii v i v Believes No Changes Should Be Made io the Tariff and Advocates Reciprocity. PUBLICITY A CHECK ON TRUSTS The President Favors National Supervision and Control of Industrial Combinations ?Urges tlio Ke-ennctraent of the Chinese Exclusion Law? Recommends the Amendment of the Immigration Laws ? Pleads For tho Up-Building of the Merchant Marine and tho Expansion of the Navy ? Tho Isthmian Canal Treaty?The Monroe Doctrine?Tlec.>minciulatioug About Cuba, Hawaii, Porto Rico and the Philippines?The Army ?Tho Other Topics Discussed. . Washington, D. C.?President Roocsvelt's first annual message, which was read before the Senate and House of Representatives, is, in p; rt, as follows: The Congress assembles this year under the shadow of a great calamity. On the 6th of September President McKinley was shot by an Anarchist while attending the Pan-American Exposition at Buffalo, and died in tha: city on the 14th of that month. Of the last seven elected Presidents he is i.he third who has. been murdered, and the bare recital of this fact is sufficient to . justify grave alarm among all loyal Amer- i ican citizens. Moreov-r, the circumstances , of this, the third assassination of an American President have a pecularily sinister . significance. Both President Lincoln and ' President Garfield were killed by assass- ; ins of types unfortunately not uncommon . in history; President Lincoln falling the victim to the terrible passions aroused by ^ four years of Civil War, and President , Garfield to the revengeful vanity of a disappointed officeseeker. President McKin- , kj was killed by an utterly depraved crim- ' iaal belonging to that body of criminals , who object to all governments, good and , tad alike, who are against any form of ^ popular liberty if it is guaranteed by even | the most just and liberal laws, and who , are as hostile to the upright exponent of ] a tree -people s sooer will as to me tyran- ( nical and irresponsible despot. i , President Roosevelt then pays a high tribute to the late President as a man, a J citizen and a statesman. In concluding ( his eulogy the President said: "We mourn ( r. good and great President who is dead, , but while we mourn we are lifted up by ] the splendid achievements of his life ana the grand heroism with which he met Lis Ceath." J The President, in referring to the crime * which so shocked the community, said that the blow was aimed not at the Presi- ] dent, but at every symbol of government. ! It was the bold defiance of anarc'.iy. of all j law and order. The Anarchist is *a criminal whose perverted instincts lead him 5 to prefer confusion and chaos to the most bene':cent form of social order. President Roosevelt then declares that ! .anarchistic speeches, writings and meet- ' ings are essentially seditious and treason- 1 able. He urges Congress to enact such J legislation as will b.*r all Anarchists or . persons justifying the murder of those 1 placed in authority from entering ;he A countrv. The President continues: The I i _i u i? ^ jpeuerai courts snomu uc giwu j?>iouiv.hu.. over any man who kills or attempts- to kill the President cr any man who, ov the Constitution or by laws, is in line of succession for the Presidency, while the punishment for an unsuccessful attempt should be proportioned to the enormity of the offence against our institutions. Anarchy is a crime against the whole human racc, and all mankind should band against the Anarchist. His crime should be made an offence against the law of nations, like piracy and that form of manstealing 'known as the slave trade, for it is of for blacker infamv than either. It should be so declared by treaties among all civilized powers. Such treaties would give to the Federal Government the power of dealing with the crime. President Roosevelt refers in congratulatory terms to the prosperity of the nation, but titters a warning to the men who seek to add to their possessions by gambling in , any form and unwise speculation, as they are a source of menace not only to themselves, but to others. If the business world loses its head it loses what legis'atio 1 cannot supply. The President then considers the great accumulations of wealth and large industrial corporations. He says that the c-eation of great corporate fortunes has not beer due to the tariff nor to any other governmental action, but to natural causes in the business world, operating in other oimhi^pIoo nc thpv nr.pra.fcp in Olll* own. I r.^hc process has aroused much antagonism. ; the President observes, a great part of c which is wholly without warrant. There I have been abuses connected w:th the ac- | cumulation of wealth, yet it remains true 1 that a fortune ac. aniulated in legitimate i business can be accumulated by the person 1 specially benefited cnl on condition of 1 coniernng immense incidental benefits i upon others. Successful enterprise, of i the tyne which benefits all mankind, can 1 only exist if the conditions are such as to J ofTer great prizes as the rewards of success. _ i President Roosevelt advises caution in i dealing with the abuses involved in the ] question of industrial combinations. He i renarks: It cannot too often be pointed ! out that to strike with ignorant violence at the interests of one set of men almost inevitably endangers the interests of all. The fundamental rule in our national life ?the rule which underlies all others?is that, on the whole, and in the lonjj run. we shall go up or down together. There are exceptions, and in times of prosperity ?ome will prosper far more, and in tunes of adversity some wi'l suffer far m?ro than others, but speaking generally, a period r " good times means that all ihare more or iess in them, and in a period of hard times all feel the stress to a greater or les.i degree. Disaster to great business enterprises can never have its effects limited to the men at the top. It spreads throughout, and while it is bad for everybedv it is worst for those farthest down. The capitalist may be shorn of his luxuries, but the wage-worker nay be deprived of even bare xeeessitics'. President Roosevelt sa;*s that there are real and grave evils connected with trusts, one of the chief being over-capitalization because of its many baleful consequences, and a resolute and practical effort must be rjade-to correct these cvi's. He continues: There i3 a widespread conviction in the minds of the American people that the great corporations known as trusts are in certain of their features and tendencies hrrtful to the general welfare. This < springs from no spirit of envy or uncharitao.cness. It does not rest upon a lack of intelligent appreciation of the necessity of meeting changing and changed conditions of trade with new methods, nor upon ignorance of the fact that combination of canital in the effort to accomplish great things is necessary when the world's profvesa demands that great things be done, t is based upon sincere conviction that combination and concentration should be, not prohibited, but supervised, ar.d within reasonable limits controlled, ana 111 ny jcrimnent this conviction is right. The President believes that the first essential in determining how to deal with the great industrial combinations is knowledge of the facts. Publicity is the only sure remedy that can be invoked. The Government, he declares, should have the ' - '-w. ? L . , ' right to inspect and examine the workings of the large corporations engaged in interstate business. Continuing he says: Artificial bodies, such as corporations and joint stcck or other associations, depending upon any statutory law for their existence or privileges, shou'.d he subject to proper governmental supervision, and full and accurate information as to their operations should be made public regularly at reasonable intervals. The large corporations, commonly called trusts, though organized in one State, alwvivs do business in manv States, often (loins very little business in the State where they are incorporated. There is utter lack of uniformity in t!ic Stale Jaws about them, and as no State has any exclusive interest in or power over their acts, it has in practice proved impossible to get adequate regulation through State action. Therefore, in the interest of the whole people, the Xation should, without interfering with the power of the States in th* matter itself, also assume power of supervision and regulation over all corporations doing an interstate business. Thte President the;* states that if Concress ^oes not have the power to franc a law which will enable the Federal Government to exercise the control referred to, then, he believes, a constitutional amendment should be submitted to confer the power. i He recommends the creation of a Cabinet officer to be k:;own as Secretary of Commerce and Industries. It should be his province to deal with commerce in its broadest sense, including among many other things whatever concerns labor and all matters affecting the great business ; corporations and our in&rchant marine. 1 After ref'-rrinj: tj the present projpci\.: s condition of the wage-workers the I'rosi- ! dent remarks that every effort of legis'a- ! tor and administrator should be ' bent to secure the permanency of this state of affairs and its improvement 1 wherever possible. He says tbet 1 our labor* should be protected so far ' as it is possible from the presence in this country of any laborers brought over bycontract, or ox those who. coming freely, yet represent a standard of living so de- 1 p.jssea that they can undersell our men 1 in the labor market and drag them to a ' lower level. I regard it as necessary, with this end in view, to re-enact immediately 1 the law excluding Chinese laborers and to ' strengthen it wherever necessary in order to make its enforcement entirely effective. ' President Roosevelt declares that our j present immigration laws are unsatisfac- 1 tory. fie believes that a comprehensive * law shou'd be enacted with the object of ' working a threefold improvement over cur ! present system. First, we should aim to 1 include all persons who are known to < be Anarchists, and also all persons who ' arc of a low moral tendency; secondly, to ( secure by a careful test some intelligent 1 capacity to appreciate American institu- ( tions and to act sanely as American citi- * zens; and thirdly, to exclude all persons ' who are below a certain standard of eco- . nomic fitness to enter our industrial field > is competitors with American labor. ? Tiie President is in favor of letting the < tariff rest without revision for the pres;nt. He says: 1 There is general acquiescence in our < present tariff system as a national policy, t The first requisite to our prosperity is the i :ontinuitv and stability of this economic s policy. Nothing could ha more unwise t than to disturb the business interests of ' the country by any general tariff change t it this time. Yet it is not only possible, j i>ut eminently desirable, to combine with t the stability of our economic system a * supplementary system of reciprocal benefit i id obligation with other nations. Such t ecipTocity i. an incident and result of t ;he fin.i establishment and preservation >f our present economic policy." Ifc was es- t serially provided for in the present tariff c uw. Reciprocity must be treated as the hand- ' r\f ir?r> Onr first- Hllf.V tf> Cj iee that t^o protection granted bv the c :ariff.in evefy case where it is needed is e maintained, and that reciprocity be sought f or so far as it can safely be done without ? njury to our home industries. The well- " )eirg cl the wage-worker is a prime con- a lideration ox our entire policy of economic ? egislation. 11 The natural mine of development for ? t policy of reciprocity will be in connee- 11 :ion with those of our productions which F 10 longer require all of the support once 1 leeded to establish them upon a sound s jasis, and with those others where either 11 jecause of natural or of economic causes ve are beyond the reach of successuil com- !> jetition. 1 Ths .iext subject discussed is the mer'hant marine. The President says it is J' liscreditable tD us as a -?.;.cion that only a * rifling portion of our great commerce* is '' sarriec on our own ships. To remedy this " itate of things, he continues, would not ? nerely serve to build up our shipping in- t erests, but it wou'd also result in benefit 0 o all who are interested in the permanent c 'stablishment of a wider market for _ American products, and wculd provide an mxiliary force for the navy. It should be nade advantageous to carry American } ;oods in American bu;lt ships. 11 At present American shipping is vnder t :ertain great disadvantages when put in S :ompetition with the shipping of foreign T countries. Our Government should take e :uch action as will remedy these ineruali- v ies. The American merchant marine a ihould be rcs'ored to the ocean. t For the first time appropriations fir irrigation and the reclamation of desert i ands are suggested. Appropriations, lim- c ted to necessities, are bespoken for the im- t jrovement of the rivers and harbors. c The President congratulates the country >n the workings of the gold standard C noney system. Ht says it is timely and t udicious and desirable to maintain. He ^ >raises the National Banking law, but f says there is need of better safeguards igainst financial panics, and that the cur- * ency should be responsive to trade's de- v nands. J The collections from duties on imports " ind 'nternal taxes conti :?:e to exceed the * >rdinary expenditures of the Government, ,'ianks r.iuinly to the reduced armv expenditures. The utmost care sho.itd be 1 :akcn not to reduce the revenues so that 1 chere will be any possibility of a deficit, jr';, after providing against any such con:ingency, mr-.ns should be adopted which : ivill bring the revenues more nearly with- Sj n the limit of our actual necls. This sec- tiop of the message closes with a demand S [or str;et cconomv in expenditures. J President Roosevelt writes that expe- I rience has sho\v-< the wisdom of the pur- 1 roscs of the Interstate Commerce act, but has also shown, possibly, that some of its requirements arc wro;:g certainly, that the rue:ins devised for the enforcement of its ovision* are defective. Tho act should be u_.endcd. The railway is a public c*?rvant. Tis rates should he just to and open to all shippers alike. The subject is one of great importance and calls for the earnest attention of the Congress. After a brief reference to the Rpiendid work in the way of upbuilding domestic and foreign trade which is being carried on by the Department of Agriculture, the message discusses our insular possessions. I . Hawaii our aim must be to develop the territory on the traditional American lines. We do not wish a region of large estates tilled by cheap labor; we wish a healthy American community of men who 1 themselves till the farms they own. All ] our legislation for the islands should be ] shaped with this end in view. It is a pie: *.ire to say that it is hardly more necessary to report as to Porto Rico ' than as to any State or Territory within ! our continental limits. The island is thriv- 1 ing as .jever before, and it is being admin- i istered efficiently and honestly. Its peo n',e are now enjoying liberty and order under the protection of the United States, I and upon this fact we congratulate them ' and ourselves. In Cuba much progress has been made toward putting the independent government of the island upon a firm footing that before the present session of the Conjrres.s f\r*es this will be an accomplished fact. Cuba will then stn^t as her own mistress, and to tlu beautiful Queen of the Antilles. as she unfolds this new page of her c'.estiny, we extend our heartiest greetings and good wishes. I most earnestly ask your attention to the wisdom, indeed to the vital need, of providing for a substantial reduction in the tariff duties on Cuban imports into the United States. In the PhiMppines our problem is larger. Our earnest effort is to help the people upward alonr the otojiy and difficult path that leads to self-government. We hope to make our administration of the islands honorable to our nation by making it of the highest benefit to the Filninoo themselves, and as an earnest of what we intend to do, we point to what we have cone. Already a greater measure of material prosperity and of gorernmenval honesty and efficiency has been attained in the Ph"ilipp;nes than ever before in their history. There are still troubles ahead in the islands. The insurrection has become an affair of local banditti and marauders, who deserve no higher regard than the brigands of portions of the Old World. Encouragement, direct or indirect, to these insurrer:tOB stands on the same footing as encouragement to hostile Indians a. J of ill W? Indian I Ill Uic U <IV3 nucu ??v. ?ktii H'aM. The time has come when there should be additional legislation for the Philippines. Nothing better can be done for the islands than to introduce industrial enterprists. Nothing would benefit them so much as throwing them open to industrial development. Af.er calling attention to the crying need of either a Governmental or a privately owned cable to Hawaii and the Philippines to be continued to points in Asia, the message declares that not a single great material work which remains to be undertaken on this continent is of such co isenuence to the American people | i.s the building of a canal across the isth- j mus connecting North anrl South Amer- ! ica. Its importance to^ the nation is by no means limited merely to its material tffccts upon our business prosperity, and yet with view to these efleets upon our 1 business prosperity alone it would be to the last degree important for us immediately to bogin it. While its beneficial effects would nerhaps be most marked upon the Pacific coast and the Gulf and South Atlantic States, it would also greatly benefit other sections. It is emphatically a work which it is for the ' iterest of the : i sntire country to begin, and complete as soon as possible. The President then tells of the new treaty with Glreat Britain and if aprppoved says the Congress can then proceed to give effect to the advantages it secures us by providing for the budding 3f the canal. WOi:tmuing me rresiueui, sajs; The true end of every great and free people should bs se'f-resp:cting pea^e, i md this nation most earnestly desires sincere and cordial friendship with all others. Over the entire work:, of recent rears, wars between the great civilized powers have become less and less frequent. Wars with barbarous or semibarbarous peoples come in an entirely different catagory, being merely a most regrettable but necessr/y international poice duty which must be performed. Peace ;an only be kept with certainty where joth sides wish to keep it, but more and nore the civilized peoples are realizing the i vicked folly of war and are attaining that I :ondition of just and intelligent regard ;or the'rights of others which will in the md. as we hope and believe, make world- ' vide peace possible. The peace conference nt The Hague gave definite expression to this hope and belie! and marked a 3 itride toward their attainment. j This same peace conference acquiesced 1 n our statement of the Monroe Doitrine ( is compatible with the purposes and aims )f the conference. , Our people intend to abide by the Mon- 1 oc Doctrine and to insist upon it as the 1 >ne sure means of securing the peace of ( he Western Hemispl :rc. The navy of- < ers us the only means of making our in- , ibtence upon the Monro? Doctrine any hing but a subject of derision to whatever lation chooses to disregard it. We desire he peace which comes as of right to the < ust man armed, not the peace granted on ) erms of ignominy to the craven and the 1 reakling. ] It is not possible to improve a navy af- j er war breaks out. The shins must be , (uilt and the men trained long in advance. I The work of upbuilding the navy must I >e steadily continued. No one point of nr policy, foreign or domestic, is more mportant than this to the honor and maerial welfare, and above all to the peace, if our nation in the future. Unless our ommerce is always to be carried in forign bottoms, vre must have war craft to irotect it. So far from being in any way provocation to war. an adequate and lighly trained navy is the btst guaranty gainst war. the cheapest and most effeclve peace insurance. The co3t of buildtig and maintaining such a navy repreents the very lightest premium for insurng peace which this nation can possibly lay. The President thinks the Naval Mi!tia forces and the National Naval Keerve should receive hearty encouragement. It is not necessary to increase our army leyond its present ?ize at this time. Cut t is necessary to keep it at the highest nint of efficiency. The individual units, i*ho as officers and enlisted men compose his army are, we have good reason to beieve, at least as efficient as those of any ther army in the entire world. It is our [uty to see that their training is of a kind o insure the highest possible expression f power to these units when acting ia ombination. No other citizen deserves so well of the Republic as the veterans, the survivors of hose who saved the Union. We are now udeed one nation, one in fact as well as a name; we are united in our devotion to ! " _ 1?i i no nag wnicu is mc symuui ui t reatness and unity, and the very c3mileteness of our union enables us all, in ( very part of the country, to glory in the alor shown alike bv the sons of the North nd the sons of tne South in the times * hat tried men's souls. J The President states that the merit sys- : eri of making appointment is as Ameri- ) an as the common school system, and ] hen recommends the reorganization of the ; onsular service. Cordial support for the St. Lnuis and 'harleston expositions is fcesooken, and > hen postal affairs are treated. The an- < mal postal deficit has been ste .di'.v re- ' luced from $11,411,770 in 1897 to S.3,923.727 ; n 1901. Among the recent postal ad- J ances the success of r_ral free delivery J wherever established has been so marked ' hat, and actual experience has made its 1 lenefits so plain, that the demand for its i xiension is general and urgent. The message after felicitating the counry upon the successful settlement of the luestions growing out of the anti-foreign iprising in China, concludes as follows: , The death of Oueen Victoria caused the J eople of the United States deep and icartfelt sorrow, to which the Government avc full expression. When President nur ration in turn re- i eived from every quarter of the British ' ?moire expressions of trrief and sympathy 1 10 less sincere. The death of the Empress < )ou-ager Frederick of Germany also ; iroused the genuhe sympathy of the ] American people, and this sympathy was :ordia!ly reciprocated by Germany when he President was assassinated. Indeed, rem every quarter of the civilized world ve received, at the time of the President's !eath, assurance of such grief and regard , is to touch the hearts of our people. In ne midst of our affliction we reverently hank the Almighty that we are at peace vith the nations of mankind, and we irmly intend that our policy shall be such is to continue unbroken these interna;ional relations of mutual respect e.iid ;ood will. THEODORE ROOSEVELT. Pat Her Baby In the Oven. Mrs. F. Meydrs, who lives five miles 'rom Correctionville, Iowa, wrapped ier five-months'-old baby Cora in a blanket, put her in the oven of the iiitchen stove to keep warm and went jut into the yard to gather fuel. When she came bark half an hour later the fire in the stove had blazed up and the room was filled with smoke. Rushing: to the oven she found the flames leaping from the blanket and clothes md body of her infant. Life was al reuuy e.\uuti. , Indians Want to Lease Lauds. Indian Agent Mytonn, cf the British i Ute reservation at White Hooks. Utah. ! with five head men of the Utes, had. a hearing bofore Indian Commissioner Jones, at Washington, and aslced authority to lease their mineral and grazing lauds. There is urgent need at the reservation for irrigation work, and the Indians are anxious to secure revenue. Gait Well Foand In Georgia. Analysis of a sample of brine taken I from a new well near Chiekamauga Park, Ga., shows that it contains ten per cent, of pure salt. It was struck at a depth of 212 feet. There are no other calt wells in that portion c.'. Georgia. MS Of THE PHILIPPINES" United States Supreme Court's Decision in the Tariff Cases. PORTO RiCO CASE ALSO DECIDED The Court Says the Philippine Inlandi Became American Territory "When the Treaty of Paris Was Signed and Duties Cannot Be Levied?Tlio Validity of the Foralter Act Iteafllrmed. I Washington, D. C.?The United States Supreme Court has rendered decisions in two cases Involving the customs relation of the United States with its insular possessions. The one opinion, dealing with a case from the Philippines, was adverse to the claims of the Government, and the other, In what is known as the second Dooley case, from Porto Rico, sustained the Government. In the first of these the opinion was handed down by Chief Justice Fuller. The case was that of Emil J. Pepke vs. The United States, kaown as the "Fourteen Diamond Rings Case," and involved the constitutionality of the imposition of customs duties upon merchandise brought into the United States from the Philippines, after the exchange of the peace treaty with Spain. The opinion, as stated, was adverse to the claims of the Government on the ground that the Philippine Islands were, at the time the rings were brought in, American territory. Ceasing to be foreign territory, they became domestic territory. The decision in the De Lima Porto Rlcan cases were cited at length, and it was held that the resolution adopted by Conpress concerning the Philippines was not sufficient to change the situation. Chief Justice Fuller said that the Philippine Islands ceased to be foreign territory as soon as the Paris treaty of peace was signed, and the resolution to which he referred as being ineffective and not binding was the resolution adopted by the Senate soon after the ratification of the treaty. The Chief Justice concluded his opinion by reversing the decision of the Court below. Justice Brown read an Dpinion concurring In the result, but differing from the conclusions drawn Dn minor points. Justices Gray, Shiras, White and McKenna dissented. This case is one of the two important cases left undecided by the Court at Its last term, when It decided a number of cases involving the customs relations* of the United States with Its Insular possessions. Those decided at that time bore entirely upon the relations of this country with Porto Rico, jnd this was the only case of a largo ciumber which were then argued and considered which involved the United States with the Philippines. Much interest has been manifested in the Philippine case, because of the probability jf legislation relating to the Philip-' n/vnni?r> /\P pAnrrroeo [lines <IL III1S 9C.131UU U1 V.OO. In the Dooley case Justice Brown, ivho delivered the Opinion, held that is Porto Rico Is not foreign territory, the poods shipped to Porto Rico are lot exports, but whether exports or imports, the wide range of Congress in :he matter of taxation was sufficient ;or a contingency of this character. At uest, he said, the duty was a tern-, sorary expedient, and as it was explictly provided in the Foraker act that :he Porto Rican Legislature could change the character of the enactment, it was held that the Foraker act was merely legislation in the interest of Porto Rico. The Foraker act was sustained on :he grounds laid down in the Downs :aso, another one of the insular cases Jecided at the last term. The decision )f the lower Court was affirmed. ,Tus:ice Brown explicitly said that the opinion was not to be construed as a justification of export duties. The contention on the part of Dool?y's counsel was that Congress had 30t tlio power under the Constitution :b impose taxes or duties such as were :evled under the act of April 12, upon irticles taken into Porto Rican ports' [rom other parts of the United States, Porto Rico being an integral portion of ho Nation. The Chief Justice and Justices Harlan, Brewer and Peckham united in a Sissenting opinion in the Dooley case, ivhich was handed down by the Chief Justice. Tiiey held that the duty imposed was export in character, and :hat the fact that it was levied for the benefit of Porto Rico did not change ts character. BANK CLERK COUDIE CAUGHT. Through Him American Crooks Robbed Liverpool Bank of SS50,000. Liverpool, England.?Goudie, the defaulting clerk of the Bank of Liverpool, was arrested at Bootle, a suburb of Liverpool. It was through Goudie Lhat the bank was robbed of $50,000 on forged checks, and American sporting tuen are accused cf being in the scheme. The arrest aroused the greatest excitement in Liverpool. The detectives found Goudie in bed and said: "You are Goudie." He replied: "I'm the man you are wanting." He was perfectly calm. He had been staying in the same lodging house since the day he left the bank. After Goudie left the bank he hung about the docks till dusk. Then he went to Bootle and took lodgings in a shabby street within a stone's throw or tne ponce station. He feigned illness and never left the house. BUhop's Ban on Church Fairs. Bishop O'Conuell, at Portland, Me., has issued a decree that no fairs shall be held by the Catholic churches, on account of the expense that they cause to the poor people of the different parishes. CentexiHrinn Dies From a Fall. Terence Murphy, aged 101 years, died at T iltiinore, Md., from the effects a full last September. He recovered from an attack of sunstroke last summer, although his physicians said he would die. Captain Tilley Exonerated. Tho United States Naval Court at Tntuila, Samoa, has honorably acquitted Captain Benjamin F. Tilley, Naval Governor of Tutuila, of all the charges ' ? Vn AflVloilfu tn sustain UgUliiSl mill. nv 1. . .W.? _ the charges was presented to the Court. Commander Uriel Sebree has succeeded Captain Tilley as Naval Governor. First Bunking; Power in the World. In his report as Controller of the Currency, William B. Ridgely shows that the United States is the first banking power of the world. INDIANS TO BE CITIZENSj Plan to Divide the Lands of the Red Men in New York. Proposed National and State Legislation to Effect the Severance of Tribal Kela* tloni* ? Trobable Indian Objection. Albany, N. Y.?Nearly 5300 Indians, residents of this State, will become j citizens through the severance of the I tribal relations -which have existed for c nturies ll! the plans of President Foosevelt and Governor Odell are carried out in Congress and in the State Legislature. With this action more than 87,000 acres of the most productive farm land 1n the western part of the State, which by constitutional provision is now exempt from taxation, will produce a revenue equal to the amount now expended by the State upon its wards fo road improvements, support of the Thomas Orphan Asylum for Young Indians of the Seneca Tribe, and for bridge buildings. This sum aggregates annually about $75,000. While he was Governor of New York President Roosevelt appointed a commission to make a report upon the feasibility of dissolving the tribal relations of the five tribes in this State and apportioning' their lands among them. The commission reported favorably, but nothing was done by the last Legislature. Residents of the counties in which Vinao trihos si fun fed. and friends of the Indians generally, believing that their condition -will be improved by a dissolution of their traditional organizations, have been working hard to bring about this reform, and now, they believe, they are about to see their efforts crowned with success. President Roosevelt promised the advocates of this plan to urge Congress in his first message to pass laws dissolving tribal relations of all Indian tribes In the country, dlstrbuting their lands in severalty. Governor Odoll will make a similar recommendation in his message to the Legislature. In the Legislature, a bill will be introduced endowing the members of the five tribes with citizenship and allotting in severalty among them such lands as are held by the tribes through grants from the State or in fee. Dug provision will be made in this bill to prevent alienation of these lands, except amonK the Indians themselves, for a period of years. By this means white men will be prohibited from acquiring any of these lands, as they have on Western reservations, after allotments have been made. It Is probable that there will be strong opposition to the plan, as many of the Indians, especially among the Senecas. are shi-ewd and unscrupulous, and their present relations afford them an excellent opportunity to enrich themselves at the expense of their fellows. sometimes in defiance of the tribal laws, whose administration they themselves control. The five tribes are the Senecas, whose reservations lie in Allegany, cattaragus ana urie oounues; tue Tuscaroras, in Niagara County; the Onondagas, in the county of that name: the St. Rcsris. in Franklin, and the Shinnecocks, in Suffolk. The Senecas hold their lands in Allegany and Cattaraugus counties from the nation, and in Erie County, in fee simple, through purchase. The Tuscaroras, Onondagas and Shinnecocks hold theirs in fee, and the St. Regis tribe occupy State lands. ARMY DEFEATED THE, NAVY. President Roosevelt Witnessed an Exciting Football Contest in Philadelphia. Philadelphia. ? Frobably the most distinguished gathering that ever witnessed a football contest in this country. and admittedly the greatest crowd that ever entered the gates of Franklin Field, saw West Point defeat Annapolis by the score of 11 to 5. From the moment that President Roosevelt and his party entered the great amphitheatre until half an hour after the referee had blown his whistle announcing: the cessation of hostilities there was an almost continuous upl-oar such as lias probably never taken place before on any football j^ld In the country, fully 30,000 persons being present. Even the President and several members of his Cabinet, worked up to a nervous pitch by the excitement, left their seats in the private box which had been set apart for their occupation. and took positions on the side lino benches, which are usually used for substitute players and coaches. There was not a seat unoccupied, and hundreds stood around the field through the entire game. MICHIGAN BANKER CONE. H. H. Terwllllcrer Disappears From Modtajrue? HI* Business Solvent. Detroit, Mich.?Henry H. Terwilliger, for tweniy years a private banker at Montague, has disappeared. He came to Detroit a few days ago. and from here sent a long letter to W. F. Xeufer. saying that his burden was more thnn he could bear, and that his family would never see him again. Accompanying the letter was an assignment and two trust deeds making Mr. Xeufer and Christ L. Strong, of Montague, trustees to conduct his business. By the deeds Mr. Terwiiliger stripped himself of all his visible property. but provided for his wife and daughter. An investigation showed that Mr. Terwiiliger took with him Konl- Sr. n perous condition, there helnc visible at least $15,000 above all liabilities. The amount on deposit is $G1.S00, this renresentin? the total amount of liabilities. The total assets will range from $70,000 to $80,000. Soeleiy Leader a Rank Looter. Thr-odore Duddleston. Jr., assistant cashier of the National Stock Yards Bank, at East St. Louis. 111., has confessed to President C. O. Knos that he had embezzled $20,000 in the last four years. He did not state what In? had done with the money. Duddleston was a loader in society. He has a wife and one child. AbolUhert rostn^e on Newspaper*. The Peruvian Republic has abolished postage on newspapers, which hereafter will be transported free. The Sporliiic TVoiiil. The fastest authentic record for the speed of a horse is 1).")^ seconds for a straight mile over a specially prepared track. Trap shooters are up in arms against an edict of the Amateur Athletic Union, which desires to make a class distinction. A 1 A -<v iiuiuur un.1 suul uuu n.uieu nv? (leer at one shot in Fulton County, Penn. The animals were together, and he supposed he -was shooting at one deer, and did not discover the other until after the shot ? MEM M KEP0B1 Reduction of Revenue to the Extent, of $50,000,000 Urged. FINANCIAL REFORMS SUGGESTED Proposes Federation of National Bank! Into a Great Contra. Institution Foi the Distribution of Unemployed "Reserves ? Kecommcnds a "Guartntj Fund" Tlan For tho Currency System. Washington, D. C.?Secretary Gage, iu Lis annual report to Congress, takes a staDcl against tbe war taxes, and suggests that many of them be repealed* and the Government revenue oe cut down to ?-30,000,OCO. He also argues in favor of amending the national banking act, so as to provide for a more elastic currency and its expansion in volume when increase of business requires it. The Secretary inclines toward a bank which would be a sort of parent institution, though, he admits that public animosity toward a central bank, with power of establishing branches, is still too strong to allow the serious consideration of such a project. He thinks, however, that the same advantages might be secured through a federation of banks. He l'avors the transfer of the burden of the redemption of greenbacks from the Treasury to banks without interest tost to the Government. The greenbacks, Mr. Gage thinks, would eventually become gold certificates, which he says they ought to be in reality. Another matter which he treats specially is his renewed recommendation for a remodeling and extension of the Act of March 3, 1S91, relating to the carrying of ocean mails by American steamships. "There is no reason why the United States should be dependent on the auxiliary navies of European powers for our ocean maii service," says the Secretary. In opening his report, Secretary Gage says: ' "The reserve fund and trust fund have been maintained. The redemption of United States notes have been each day adjusted by exchange for gold, so that the full sum of $150,000,000 has been kept unchanged in coin and bullion. "Upon the withdrawal of Treasury notes as the bullion of 1890 was coined into standard dollars, silver certificates under the Act of March 14, 1900, were substituted to the extent of $10,743,000 to July 1, 1900, and $28,244,000 additional to July 1, 1901. - By November 1, 1901, the total exchange reached $45,336,000. ******? ?i J "xne genu muiitmcs m<uu of the metal were increased during the fiscal year by $45,1G0,270, and in the first quarter of 1902 by $31,801,430 additional. "The gross gold in the Treasury, including the reserve and the trust fund against certificates, received an addition of $71,270,325.74 during the fiscal year, and a further addition of $34,304,225.50 by October 1, while $13,007,327 more in October brought the aggregate by November 1 to 8542,831,840. "This sum in gold was never before equalled in our annals, and only for a few months some years ago has any other government ever held so much of that precious metal." While the circulation per capita was $26.50 on July 1, 1900, and $2S.52 on October 1, 1901, gold certificates more and more entered into the field of large denominations, and were used almost exclusively in the payment of customs duties and in the settlements at the Clearing House in New York. Two features are marked in the currency?first. the growing use of gold, -- - x . and, second, tne constant auuiuuu m the small denominations of paper. On March 4, 1000, there was in existence 2017 National banks, with authorized capital stock' of $010,308,005; bonds on deposit to secure circulation, $244,611,570; circulation secured by bonds. 5216,374,975: and circulation secured by lawful money, $38,027,935. Comparing conditions on that day with the close of the fiscal year. 1901, there i is shown to have been a net increase in banks of 501; of capital, $31,3oS,000; bonds deposited to secure circulation, SS.007,660; circulation secured by bonds, $107,515,929. The total amount of bonds purchased aud charged to the sinking fund of 1902 from July 1 to November 15, inclusive, was $23,114,420, and the amount disbursed was $41,982,9S6.39. Secretary Gage says that the revenues of the Government from all sources for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1901, were $099,316,530.92, while the expenditures for the same period m.11 r.no me. lonvintr a surulus oftl$77,717,98r3s. The estimated Government revenues for the fiscal year 1!)02 are figured at $6SS,633,042, leaving an estimated surplus of $100,000,000: the estimated revenues for 1003 are $712,020,630. leaving an estimated surplus of $23,172,311.53. Cotton Production Estimate. The statistician of the Department of Agriculture, at Washington, reports 0,074,000 bales as tilt? probable cotton production of the United States in 1001-02. The area picked or to be picked is estimated at 26,802,230 su its. a reduction of 730,216 acres, of 2.6 x)..' cent., from the acreage planted. fVoolcn Good* Trade Outlook. The woolen goods trade is in the be tweeu seasons stage, but mills are busy on old orders, and the - outiook for the new season is excellent. Indians Shoot Kancherd in Arizona John Baker has arrived at Bisbee. Ariz., with the report that he and hi> partner, Walter Kelly, were fired on by Indians in the mountains of Southern Arizona and Kelly was killed. Baker was painfully wounded. Ol!ieers have gone to investigate. Pencil Gouged Out ail Eye. John tYuelli, a pupil of the public school "at Alco, X. J., was. romping with a companion when the siuwp paint of a pencil ran into one Ol his eyc-s, destroying the sight. Reason For Jilting >*oi Good. William r. Crawford, of South Car oiiua, will nor be appointed a lieuren ant in the army, tie juteci uis uuui-i-u, and the letter of explanation to her mother, which Secretary Root made the test, has proved to he unsatisfactory. The Secretary has therefore announced that President Roosevelt's decision will stand and Crawford's commission withdrawn. Kobberg Secure 84000. Robbers took $4000 in cash and as much more in jewelry from tile State 'Hank at Williamsville. ill. I LJ ? ^ ' -if* NEW CONGRESS MEETS Organization of the Senate and House* of Representatives. -K Four New Senators Sworn In ? Speaktf Henderson Re-elected?Animated Scenes In Each Chamber. '' Washington, D. C.?The opening of '> : the first session- of the Fifty-seventh Congress drew to the Capitol a gfeat throng of spectators. Although the ' two Houses were not called to order { ; until 12 o'clock, the historic old struc-. ture was astir long before that hour. There were no entrance restrictions, and the crowds flowed uninterruptedly into the building. Many women were in the throngs, including the wives and a, families of'Senators and members, as well as many representatives of the Cabinet, Diplomatic and executive dr- > cles. A profusion of floral offerings, quite unusual in quantity, in variety and In beauty transformed the Senate Chamber into a veritable flower show. Almost every member was the recipient of evidences of the-regard of hls/v/ friends. The display of chrysanthemums was notably beautiful. After the Senate had been called to order, Messrs. Dietrich and Millard, of .: Nebraska; Gibson, of Montana, and Klttridge, of South Dakota, were sworn in as Senators. The usual reso- . lutions and the appointment of a committee to notify the President that the Senate was in session then fol- v? lowed, and a recess of thirty minutes was taken. The Senate took a further recess tmtil 2 o'clock to await the organization of the House and the appointment of .. . its committee to wait upon the President Senators Hale, of Maine, and Morgan, of Alabama, were appointed as the Sepate committee. * x At 2 o'clock fhe Senate reassembled^ Mr. Gamble announced the death of the late Senator Kyle, and the Senate . i,adjourned. Leaders on both sides in the House -./S were slow in making their appearance, , hnt fiH thev nrrlved the celebrities were pointed out to the spectators In v j the galleries. . . At the conclusion of the roll call, showing 3ia members present Mr. ~ Cannon, of Illinois, nomiqated David a B. Henderson, of Iowa; and Mr. Hay, of Virginia, nominated Mr. Richard-' son, of Tennessee, for Speaker. A roll . j call for the election followed. The vote for Speaker was: Hendert son, 190; Richardson, 149; Stark, of . Nebraska, 1; Cummings, of New York, 1. Mr. Henderson was declared elected, and was escorted to the chair by the V: other three men voted for. He made a brief speech. ^ Mr. Henderson thanked the House ) for its expression of confidence, and . asked the support of all the members. The oath was administered to him by Representative Bingham, of Pennsylvania, "the father of the House," and by the Speaker, in turn, the oath was ; administered to the members-elect < * After the drawing of seats and a loot: ] at the flowers, the House adjourned. / THE NATION" AI* BUDGET. xr* The Estimate! of Secretary Gage Sab- , mitted to congress. Washington, D. C?The Secretary of ~ the Treasury has transmitted to Congress the estimates of appropriations required for the Government service * for the fiscal year ending June 30,1903, " > as furnished by the heads of the several executive departments. The total appropriations asked for are 5610,S27.688, which is $1G,000,000 less than the estimates for 1802, and $4,000,000 more than the-appropriations Tor that year. Following is a recapitulation of the estimates by departments:, Legislative $ 10,188,099 Executive 204,160 ' State Department 2,446,328 Treasury Department 156,484,925 . War Department 161,920,101; Navy Department 100,701,122 Interior Department 161,710,535 Postoiflce Department.. .. 4,464,968 , Department of Agriculture. 5,509,540 Department of Labor .... 190,580 I Department of Justice 6,917,330 .1 Total..-: $610,827,688 SOUTH CAROLINA FAIR OPEN. 1 Words of Greeting From the President? n Depew Orator of the Day. f Charleston, S. C.?The South Carolina 1 and West Indian Exposition was for- I mally opened to the world with words - I of greeting from the President of the! I United States. An imposing parade of I military and civic bodies formed down j| town, and escorccd the guests of honor. ^ to the exposition grounds, where they: H took part in an appropriate program oij* H exercises. In the afternoon all Charles- 1 ton observed the day as a holiday, and the city was handsomely decorated. After the parade had been reviewed at the exposition grounds, the guestsi , I of ihe day assembled in the. Audl-j 1 torium, where the ceremonies took, 1 place. The invocation was rendered! I by the venerable Charles S. Vedder, of 3 the Huguenot Church. Captain F. W. Wagner, President of the Exposition; Company, and Governor M. B. Mc*j , Sweeney spoke words of welcome. i Chauncey M. Depew, orator of the day, was Introduced by Mayor jJ Adjer Smith. At the conclusion of the Senator's oration President Wagner of the Exposition stepped to the wire connecting the Auditorium with the Executive Mansion in Washington, and sent greeting to President RooseveltA few minutes later the response of the President was received, and the! exposition was formally declared open. Thoatfttidft of Bills Fut la. * * *- r"v ^ ?Oorofnl thmu vvasningiou, sand bills were Introduced in the House of Representatives, coveringnearly every phase of public affairs that bas attracted interest in the country. They include Pacldc cable, oleomargarine, amending tariff law amendment, bankruptcy law repeal, r'or ai reciprocity commission, admission of States, establishing a department of commerce, amending the currency law,. amending the immigration laws, etc. - Prominent People. Marie Corelli, the author, is givinff, lectures in England. Senator Depew will wed Miss Pal-; mer in Paris on .Christmas Day. General Santos J. Zelaya bas been re-elected President of Nicaragua. Former Queen Liluokalani, of Hawaii, has beeu entertained in Salt; Lake City, Utah, by the Hawaiian; colony. Jarues J. Hill has two fads. One is I the collecting of paintings. His otaerj amusement Is the collecting of uuaetl lewela,