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* / - .-^=0 / ' The Press and Bannc . BY HUGH WILSON. ?. V. CITADEL C0A1MENCEM EN SUMTER'S OPERA HOUSE CROWDI BY HOSPITABLE ADMIRERS. Co). CowArd'ri Touching Ktiuiirkrt -Co grcsituiiMi McLiiiirttii Dttllvtir.i im K cjuriit Adtlrens- Flrttt Honor Meu-Tin ty-Stivni OculuatPH. SUMTKK, June 30,?Before an am enee that tilled to overflowing t prettiest opera h?use in South Caro na, the commencement exercises the South Carolina Military Acaden were success fully brought to close today. The exercises of 001 mencement week began Sunday mor ing with the preaching of the bacc laureate sermon by Rev. Lucius Cut bert of Charleatin in the Sumt opera house. Monday's exercises co sisted of the review and inspection the cadet battalion by the board visitors. Last week the meeting of the boa of visitors was held at the Jerv tTmiee There were uresent Ge Johnson llagood, chairman; Col. P. Thomas, Col. C. S. Gadsden ai Gen. Edward Anderson. All of t ex officio members of the board?Go Evans, Gen. Watts, Mr. May field, M McSweeney and Gen. Dennis?we absent. Not much business oth than the usual routine of hearing ] ports was transacted. Maj. Reese, t nf and chemistr pi ViWJOUl vra |/4?J w.ww _ tendered his resignation, which w accepted with regret. The board w elect his successor at their annu August meeting. The entire first class was passed the board, all of them being allow to receive their diplomas. An hour before the time appoint for the exercises to begin this mor ing, the interested people of Suml began filing into the opera hou: When the superintendent arose make the first announcement, star ing room was in demand and conti ued so throughout the exercises, < spite ihe very warm weather. The people of Sumter have been t lighted to have the Citadel boys wi them and have exerted themselves give the cadets a delightful tin That they have succeeded will be t tified to tomorrow by the many cadi who will board the homeward-boui trains with regrets at leaving me oui ter girls behind them. 1 have hea of one, and there may be others, w has decided to remain a few da longer, not being able to tear himsi away from a certain popular belle. The music m the opera house tl morning, as on all such occasioi was furnished by the Bavarian bac On the sta^e were Gens. Johnson ?3 good and Edward Anderson, Cols. 3. Gad&den and J. P. Thomas of t board of visitors; ex-Judge T. B. Fi ser, Judge O. W. Buchanan, Ci Coward, Lieut. Bond, Maj. Ree! Maj. Mazyck, Lieut. Stokes, Dr. J. Heyson, Dr. J. H. Furmau, Mayor J. Bozzard, Hon. J. H. McLaurin, t first and second honor graduates, P. J. Garris atd B. J. Murphy a others. The exercises were opened wi prayer by Rev. Dr. N. W. Edmun of the Presbyterian Church. Col. Coward then stepped forwa and spoke briefly- He said that i three separate occasions the people Sumter had invited the corps of cadi to their town; but on two of these < casions, previous engagements p vented acceptance. The third ivi tion was accepted and the Colonel s? that since their arrival here the tre ment they had received made th( regret that they had not been here i three years, not that other count had not entertained them hospitabJ too, but that the pleasures of the pi are generally dimmed or forgotten the enjoyment of those of the presei The Citadel always was andalwa will be an institution for the ent State. Col. Coward said this is a m able time. On this very day in the capital of tl nation that sprang into such sudd existence and whose short life vi marked by so many deeds of herois thousands of veterans of that bloo war are now gathered together a listening to the rehearsing of th( deeds of heroism. It is htting tl such an occasion should be linked memory with this commenceme) and tnerefore, at the suggestion ol member of the board of visitors, presented for that member a Conf< crate pin to t&ch ol the two gradua seated on the stage. The pins rep sented the battletlag of the Confed acy. The band here struck up "Dixl and like all other southern audienc this one was unable to keep still un< its inspiring strains. Long may it before a southern-born man or \ man can hear "Dixie" without i blood tingling through and throu the body. Col. Coward tnen int duced as the orator of the day, C< gressman John L. McLaurcn, w spoke as follows: Mr. Chairman, and Gentlemen of 1 Board of Visitors: 1 am fully sensible of the high co pliment, you have paid ine in selecti one, not a graduate of the Citadel, deJiver your annual address. I c claim, however, a lineal descent, if I am not a son of the Citadel, 1 ai ion of her the C. M. I. I am afraid, however, that my v e rated Preceptor, Col. Thomas, (v, sils over there) will tell you that 1 \ a "prodigal son," but if he < 1 would tell him that he n er killed any fatted cal lor me, fall on my neck and do a weeping, nor put any rings on my 1 per. but fed me on bacon, and wh he did fall on me it was to put me wa ing post with a nine-pound musket my shoulder instead of a ring on : linger. It hasn't been so long since I "wi the gray," but that my heart can thi with every emotion, that pulsates the breast of a cadet on a coalmen ment occasion. When I look ii urkiiv erpeWmintr with vnilthflll 111 memories of other days Hood me, so tender and sad, others joyful a pleasant. Fifteen years and it see tuch a short time. Some of the brij young faces that set out with me innwi.Qtr lioiro Irmcr Kppn rnld UJW JUUlUUJf ? ? death, other lie wrecked and strain on the shoals and quicksands, wt all of us are middle aged men, fr whose hearts the stern reality of J has dressed and driven the Ireshn and poetry of youth. Not one of has lound the world of which dreamed in the glorious days of ycu manhood. I have always felt that the four ye. .;V "" -**"v' '^ '/? r ' ' -r'"'-a?0. " *" ;T*. iv (of stern military discipline, with i enforced habits ofsolf control, and tL ~ example and inlluenceof a man who: guiding star was duty, had been wort more to me than any scholastic trail ? iug received elsewnere. I THK SOLDI Kit Sl'lKlT. The first step towards success anj _n way is to irrbue the boy witli the spir ~ of the soldier, for life is one long ba t'e, and it is the soldier spirit that wir success; the timid and irresolute ar crushed, run over, and the coward d< io- serts, while the trained soldier, fertil in expedients, tactful and resolute pushes steadily to the front, until su< cess crowns his efforts or death claim ?1' him as her own. ^ "SEEING THE ELEPHANT." G[ I have often thought of that prodiga sou who left his father's house to 'a the world, (wo call it "seeing the ele pliant") and wondered what woul iiaveheen his fate had he been Iraine ;a_ four years by Col. Thomas or Co jj. Coward. lie would have seen the elt er phant, no doubt about that, one as bi. as J umbo himself, and possibly 4,spen his portion in riotous living," but whe af the funds played out, a Citadel bo would never in the world have fed 01 the husks left by theswine. lie woul have killed the fattest pig in the bunc! ^ ate spare ribs and backbone, and tb j* inner man well fortified (if notliip a(j better turned up), with the airs am graces born in the "City by the Sea, " he'd have fascinated the old man [r daughter, married, and put hisfathei ir^ in-law to tending the hogs. Then wit er plenty of leisure entered politics, gon re. to Congress, paid the mortgage oil' hi father's farm, provided for the goo brother who stayed at home by a appointment to a 4th class postoflicc ?12 I know some of the "boys" who hav (aj made almost as wonderful a record a that. A Citadel boy would aever hav gone sneaking home in rags and ta' ters, whining and shedding "crocodil tears." ITe would have pulled himsel e(j together, redeemed his mistakes, an n_ when he went back home, gone wit; er his head up like a man. If he had to b< je come as a hired servant and fed o husks, he would have gone as far a wa tl.Amc oc nrvtcihl^ fhtt.ncrf'd hi id- ilv"" f B? ? [n_ name and not disgraced his family b je. admitting that he was a miserable lai ure. je. TUK CITADEL th It would be presumption for me i to the presence of men grown gray in th ie. service of the Citadel to say much cor es- cerning its history and work. Ftrmi 2ts me, however, to briefly allude to il ad genesis, because in its original concej: m- lion it is closely related to a fet rd thoughts that I will express later, ho Col. J. P. Thomas in his elegac js work, gives a most interesting accouu blf of the early history of the Citadel. I 1822 Denmark Vesey, a free negr< lis organized a most formidable insurrec is, tion in the city of Charleston. He wa id. one of those bold, strong characters [a- who are born leaders of men. O C. Sunday night, June 16th, the negro he were to rise, and suddeuiy seize th ra- arsenal, guard house and otner depos dI. tories of arms, then reinforced by th se, country negroes, were to sweep th L. town by fireand sword. Through th J. defection of one of the conspirators be me plot iauea, ana vesey wuu so veic S. others was tried, condemned and exe ad cuted. The alarm caused by thi threatened outbreak led to the enlarge th ment of the a;-senal and other militar, ds posts. Ten years later came the nulii tication excitement of 1832, and $200, rd 000 was appropriated for munitions c on war and as a consequence greatly ir of creased the importance of tne arsenai els A garrison was kept up until in 184< )c- Governor Richardson conceived tb re- iJea of using these military posts a ta- schools, holdiDg that as they had to b lid maintained, it would only be a smai at- additional expense to impart instiuc ;m tion to the young men constituting th all garrison. Thus we see that the origi ies and purpose of the Citadel was fc i- mi hi if rlpfpTu'f* and that the scholasti r ~ 1 ist ieature is a graft upon the old truoli in Therefore in purpose and practice th at. Citadel bears a close relation to the m kys litia system of the country, and I d< ire sire to express a few thoughts on th: ot- line, for in it are some of the germ which must give life or death to us ? iat a republic. en TWO RESOURCES OK NATIONAL SAFETY 'as In national life, in the tirst outbrea in, of war or civil disturbance at hom< dy there are but two resources for prote< nd tion and safety. They might like h< jse tels be classified as the "European iat and "American" plans, in EUROPEAN PLAN, nt, The first depends upon a*large slant f a ing army, drawn irom me ramcs t be civil life. t? be maintained in idlenei id- at theexPense ?f ^e producers. Cor tes &titutin? iQ the bands of an ambitioi re- and b?M executive, a perpetual mei er- ace to popular rights. AMERICAN PLAN. b," The second depends upon a patriot; es, and we^ organized militia, ever pre ler ent, rare^y seen, quartered among u be not' in camps and fo'ts, but at the tir' ro- side, in the counting room >nd ^ :he workshop. gh FOUNDATIONS OK NATIONAL UREATNES: ro- It has been well said that with th >n- decadence of the martial spirit the d ho ca/ of the nation begins, hence ever AA?v\n maono t rv fnoh uauuu auupus auuuo uicauo kw * Lhe this spirit, varying in degress from tt dance of the savage to the science an m- c.ilture of West Point. ng In a critical analysis of the tlemen to al foundations of political econom. :an there are two essential factors upc for whose proper understanding and a u a plication, the progress, perpetuity at stability of our government depend en- First. Political wisdom, manifest* ho throagh broad Statesmanship, vas Second. Courage disclosed throug did the martial spirit of the people, ev- The former embraces, the apgrega ves ability, learning and experience of tl 11V nalinn urhila thfi lftttftr is a SPIlUe in- justice and right, backed up, with ? en unfaltering determination to prote Ik- both at all hazard of personal dange on what we call, Statesmanship, is simp aiy a careful study of the past critical. and honestly compared with the pre ore ent, for the purpose of securing a log rill cal and common sense application i in the future, militaryism, in plain tern ce- is courage and manhood, trained ar ato disciplined to act in concert withot 5pe ers. It is 1be scintific adoption < me courage to the best and most eft'ectr ind methods of self defense and protectioi ms Upon these two elements rests tl ;ht progress and perpetuity of every fr on government, to their highest develop in ment, civilization, stands, irrevocab led pledged. tile Where I say that the military spii om of the people should be developed, life do not meau the spirit of war, in tl ess accepted parlance of the day, since us consider that there is a vast differem we between the two terras, 4,In the mid ng of life, prepare for death'' says tl scripture and who will deny its soleir ars truth. Likewise, runs the old adag ' . . ~ i ' -; 7 " - - - -- ts "in time of peace prepare for war,' ie and none I fancy will question its wis 5? dom or prudence. Preparing for war, h does not mean war, anymore than i- preparation for death, means death itself, since both are precautionary measures applicable alike to the frail r- ties aud weaknesses of mankind, it The age of chiralry with its feodal t- system serfs and slaves has passed is away. e No longer dots brute force with g- shield and battle axe settle and cone elude compromsies. M j longer, doss >, personal courage as disclosed in single combat, challenge the is administration of mankind and make and unmake kingdoms. The science of mortal combat, now A mAmKaMO tMQl'nO/l I A 11 n 11 T7 A? ^ J uciiiouua UJUUJ l/VI O, blUIUUU IV UUiVJ V/i ,e action and that com pinnity of purpose, . wnich alone brings out and utilizes j the utmost limit of courage and euj durance. I The martial spirit of our people, j'. may be ever so intense, their courage a eversodaring but withouta knowledge of the scientific principle? of war, n their efforts would be futile. The v obligation of every government is good [j wholesome laws, honestly and imparj tially administered, with ihe develop^ ment of such governmental power, 0 as will protect from internal strife, ? and defend her citizens from foreign i foes. ? The military development of the is European system tends toward a des.. potism, because the martial spirit of ^ the nation is concentrated in a mae chine called the army. With us it is s diffused through all the nation, dwellj ing in the breast of every man worthy n so be called an American, supplement j ing manhood and developing that in g dependence of character, which alone s designate the citizen of a great Ree public, a Republic whose greatest safoi guard must be, that in times of nae tional, peril, each individual feels, that ^ he face death, not for the whim orca^ price of king or Emperor but in dek ieuse of home and country. That he will share in the benifits of the cona test, or feel the iron band which fol y lows defeat and disaster, is A STRIKING ILLUSTRATION. y Look at Appomatoxl what became 1. of those two great contending armies of more tnan a million men. D-a *?n /?A m f n rv /] on/1 II Ml r? r? JJIttVC, 1U (iCillgUli L au u guuuiiuf;. la bloody battles, lor four long years, the courage of eacb, bad . been tested to the uttermost. U Yet when the end came, and the Godg dess of peace, unbailed ner face, tbey disappeared, as if by magic. Under the warm rays of the sun, the snow and ice on me mountain side melt and together begin their journey to t the sea. fcjo did these great armies Q melt into the common mass of citizens j and together take up the task of reha bilitating a common country. ^ Citizens first, soldiers from necessi, ty. To lay down the musket and ^ sheathe the sword, in order to engage ,g in more peaceful pursuits, was a pleas' ure instead of a task. In Europe, where the professional soldier predome inates, and standing armies are the e rule, such an event would have been ' followed by anarchy and bloodshed. ' If to day the vast standing armies of j Europe were disbanded, a reign of lawless terror would ensue. This illustrates the difference between the machine soldier, who fights for his king regardless of the right or wrong * nf iho r>nntmir?nc ariH thfi fMtirrtn soldier, who stands individual as a part of the contention?one, the nar. row interest of the mercenary; the I other, the embodiment of patriotism >' and personal responsibility. e OUR MILITARY FJRCE. S The Anglo-Saxon race has an ine stinctive dislike and distrust of standII ing armies, regarding them as a menJ ace to popular liberty. Even in Enge land, it may astonish those not conn versant with the "Mutiny Act," to >r learn that "the raising or keeping a c standing army in time of peace, with in the United Kingdom 01 ureal ari6 tain and Ireland, unless it be with the i- consent of Parliament," is against the 3- law. The first standing army in Engis land was that of Cnaries the Fourin is and consisted of only one thousand is cavalry and four thousand foot. It is curious to note from the Bill of Rights ' in 1689, even down to the present k time, how jealously the people tnrough their Parliament have guarded tnis 3" dangerous power. The people are 5" right in their dislike for standing ar" mies, ail the more so here, because in our country the whole tendency at present is toward centralization of i- power in the hands of the Executive. Add to the prerogatives already usurp53 ed, an immense military force, and no i- notfintate on earth would wield the IS concentrated power of the President ol the United 3tates. It would wipe out the last barrier, and the autonomy and semi-independence of the States 'c would be forever gone. s" Yet, my countrymen, the time is al si hand when the size and efficiency ol e" our military force must be increased; ie at every session of Congress bills are introduced along this line, and in facl 3. the business sense of the country feels ie that present conditions are inadequate e- to our needs. The real question is, y how shall it be done without furthei Jr centralizing this great power in the ie hands of the Federal Executive? id With the advantages of a great ant! powerful nation we have its dutiei t- and exposures. We are an active, en 7, terprising people. With unparalleled >n rapidity we have developed this con p- tiuent, and now side by side with the ia other mercantile and manufacturing s. nations are seeking the markets of th< -.1 1.1 *? i?? U7. .u worm 1UI uui auipxuo piuuuvfi. ?? > can't get rich by swapping dollar: ;h among ourselves. Under the law of the "survival oi te the fittest," our merchants and munu ie facturers must go out into the marl! of of the world and take their chance in To do this, however, witb every ex ct tension of commercial boundaries r, there must be the ever present militarj ly force to protect commercial supremacy ly This is the secret which has mad< s England the commercial mistress ofthc ri world, and enabled this lictle Island ol of tradesmen and shop keepers to levj as tribute on all the sons of men, be id tween the Rocky towns of Corfee, anc h- the burning sun of Hindoostan. Iti of "symbol" may be the British Flag re but the "hiding place of its power, if a. within djrk and frowning lines of ar ie tillery" Her encroachments in Soutt ee America, has well nigh driven u: e- from those markets, while our policj ly in Alaska is not one to be admired. Look at Cuba! right at our gateway if oinrl Am* fnitamn nolinxr nprmitQ u< Jv" ,?""jt r I to be robbed of markets, that of righ ie should be ours. The Spanish tariff ex I eludes our products in favor of Eog 3e laud and hampers and embarrassei st enterprising Americans, who have in ie vested fortunes in Cuba, expecting t< in e, [continued on page pour.] - * U . / ; GRAND AND GLORIOUS. i THURSDAY IN RICHMOND ECLIPSES 1 ALL FORMER OCCASIONS. Ifuparalelled Kiitlniittasm?South Carollph'h Place?Coveted Palmetto Branches--' 0?n. Hampton and Our Sponnor--Tom I Woodford'*) ReapotiHe. Richmond, July 2.?Today has been beyond all question the greaest in the history of the historic city of Rich I ruontf. Jt was tne crowning evcui ui the notable sixth Confederate reunion when nearly all of the living leaders of the war were present and when they had for their distinguished guest that well known Union soldier and patriot, Corporal Jas. Tanner. The three day's meeting of over 100,000, Confederates ended in the laying'of the cornerstone of an imposing'monuraent to be erected to the memory of Jefferson Davis, the President of the late Confederate States. This was what caiieu irom me norm, the west, the east and the south every old Confederate soldier and sympathizer. For four days and over they came, thronging in on every line of railroad until the hospitable city of Richmond, with its grand hotels and open doors of every private house, were so taxed that the overflow reached the city of Petersburg and adjoining villages, and filled their homes with welcome guests. During these four days the streets and houses of public reception here have been packed by a living mass of Confederate humanity. The demonstration surpassed all previous events in the history of the city, and as far as the crowds present were concerned, overshadowed all former occasions, when the south sent her representatives by the thousands to honor the memory of her distinguished leaders and sods ia the ex-capital of the southern Confederacy. vat.t. iv i.jvh! No sooner than General Gordon bad announced the adjournment of the Confederate reunion convention sine die with three expressive raps of his Chicamauga tree gavel, than there was a rush of the veterans to get into the appointed locations in time to fall into the line of procession, which moved promptly at 1 o'clock p. m. There were 20,000 men in line with 100 bands of music and 200,000 or more on the streets to witness this grand parade of youthful military cadets, stalwart militiamen, and venerable gray bearded and battle scarred veterans, who had seen service on the hard fought fields of Virginia. ON HISTORIC SOIL. The latter retrod the streets which 35 and 30 years ago resounded with the martial footsteps of the armies of Lse and afterwards of Grant. It was a great day and nobody who witnessed the parade, the heartfilt devotion of the men in line and the enthusiasm of the people on the streets, would do otherwise than declare that it was a day consecrated toAmcrican manhood, patriotism and valor. The spectacle was inspiring, and as the bands passed playing "the Star Spangled banner," "Dixie," "My Maryland" and "Yankee Doodle," every man and woman felt themselves a truer American. Nothing could have been more auspicious than the weather and all other conditions for such a grand occasion. The Drocessioa. ihoueh prompt in forming, was somewhat delayed by a divergence of the cavalry, artillery, the Virginia and North Carolina regiments of infantry and the carriages containing the distinguished guests and young lady sponsors from the States and territories, so as to take in a portion of Main street. A MAGNIFICENT SPECTACLE They joined the veterans at Fifth and Franklin streets, and for nearly two hours this grand parade of young soldiers and old heroes, with its bands of music, flags and banners, marched along streets aflame with national and southern colors and greeted at every Doint with the cheers and plaudits of the women who were either daughters or mothers of the old Confederacy. The column, including as it did every branch or the military bervice, made a i splendid appearance, an 1 would have been deemed an American gem in New York or Chicago. BATTLE-SCARRED MEMENTOS In the line were numerous mementoes of the late war in the shape of bullet-holed and tattered Confederate i battle flags, uniforms that had been worn on many a bloody field, knap' sacks, canteens, muskets and rities that bore evidence of service in many a campaign. Two venerable old soli diers carried fiddles with which they entertained camp life during the war. i Many had empty sleeves and many ! others wooden legs, but they stood the ; fatigue of the four hours' march with "II fn?tifnr)u hot phuMfltprizftd ) an buo lotwibuuu iiuuu t thorn over 30 years ago. i Gen. Gordon, chief marshal, and i staff headed fhe procession, and his escort was the corps of cadets from the 1 Virginia Military institute. 5 HAMPTON SALUTED EVERYWHERE. Then followed the children's brig| ade, 250 in number. Gen. Hampton i and staff took position in front of the . Carolinians, and the old cavalry hero I was saluted at every move and turn of . the procession, Governor O'Ferrall 5 was at the side of Brig. Gen. Phillips , of the Virginia State troops, which in3 eluded the Virginia and North Carolij na regiments of State troops. Then 3 followed the Worshipful Grand Masonic Lodge of Virginia, escorted by f the Commandery of St. Andrew of . Virginia, No. 13 Knights Templar, k and by tne Blacksburg, Va., cadet. Next, the orator of the day, Gen. Stephen D. Lee, and staff. Tne first i cavalry regiment of Virginia, comf manded by Col. Charles Euker. Davis Monument association, j Mrs. Jefferson Davis and faraiiy. ? Invited guests. f Sponsors for the southern States, r Memorial associations, etc. Council of the City of Richmond. [ Major General Tnomas A. Brandi erer and staff. Richmond Light Infantry Blues' 5 battalion, escort to the Virginia Yete. rans division. [ Grand Camp Confederate Veterans, j Department of Virginia. r Col. W. A. Smoot, grand commander. West Virgiaia Veteran association, i South Carolina Veteran camps. L Mississippi Veteran camp*. Florida Veteran camps. Alabama Veteran camps 3 Georgia Veteran camps. Louisiana Veteran carap\ , Texas Veteran camps. Indian Territory Veteran camps. OlanhnmA T?ri"i1r?rv VfttprAn c imns. Arkansas Veteran camps. Tennessee Veteran camps. North Carolina Veteran camps. Kentucky Veteran camps. Missouri Veteran camps. Maryland Veteran camps. District of Columbia Veteran camps, rtnns of Confederate Veterans. Veteran cavalry division. The cadets of the High school from Washington, as well as the District Veterans made an attractive feature of the parade, and were complimented all along the route. SOUTHERN BEAUTY. The lady sponsors and their maids of honor, rode in separate carriages and made the brightest feature of the procession. Each sponsor waved the tlag of the State she represented and all of them were royally cheered as they passed through the brilliantly decorated streets, crowded with southern.blooming womanhood and loveliness. The Society of the Army and Navy of the Confederate States in the State of Maryland, escorted by the Fifth Regiment Veterans' corps, wa9 in the procession. The society ia the only organized body of veterans in town which is not affiliated with the United Confederate Veterans. Many of its members, however, are also members of Herbert and Buchanan camps. Col. George R. Gaither ia in command of thfl vetarnn corDs and Capt. Georcre W. Booth of the society. Gen. Bradley T. Johnson is president of the society. Mrs. Jefferson Davis r xle in a carriage with the Hon. J. Taylor* Ellyson and (Jen. Peyton Wise, and she was every where recognized and cheered. Miss Shelby, daughter of Gen. Shelhv of Tennessee rode a fine horse through the whole route of the procession and was greatly admired. The procession reached Monroe park about 4 o'clock, after a very trying march to some of the older veterans. MASONIC FUNCTIONS. Here the Grand Masonic lodge of Virginia took charge of the ceremonies, and escorted by the Knights Templars, reached the site sele jtea for the Davis monument, where a stand for the orator and distinguished guests had been erected. When the privileged crowd had been seated and the Richmond Blues and other military organizations placed as a complementary escort to the Templars, the Masonic cereuiuuica in iuo ut^iug ui a wtuoisLone took place, concluding with the following proclamation by the Grand Marshal: "Oyez! All within the sound of the gavel take due notice that the craft has ceased from their labor and that the corner stone of the Jefferson Davis monument is now true, trusty, and well laid by the grand lodge of Virginia in its 119th year." After this announcement Hon. J. rrt t mi -!J l - * 4.1 r\ layior Hiiiyson, presiaem 01 me ivavia Monument Association, came forward and called upon Bishop John C. Granberry of the Methodist Episcopal church to offer prayer, and the eminent divine delivered a most fervent and appropriate appeal to the throne of the Almighty. A1 ter this Gen. Stephen D. Lee, the orator of the day was introduced and spoke as follows: qen. lee's address. From a graceful exordium, explaining the purpose which had drawn his vast audience together, Gen. Lee asserted that It was fitting that Jefferson Davii1 remains should rest in Virginia, which he characterized as the greatest of all States, the battle scarred producer of warriors and statesmen. But for her generosity in ceding her vast territory to the Union, Kentucky would have still been her's, and be would have been born her son. Many presidents, statesmen, soiaiers lie in Virginia's soil -from Washington to the present time-'none greater tnan Davis, but more fortunate. JEFFEKSON DAVIS MOCJRNED. Throwing a glance backward, he showed how, 31 years ago, the man whose memory they had met today to honor, lay manacled in a casement of a strongly garrisoned fortress, charged with the most atrocious crime known to man?treason and murder. "And ?' * # 1 - J!-J 1 21 yet," ne continued, "neuiea, uy millions more sincerely mourned and deeply loved than any other man in the history of the nation. If his enemies had succeed in putting him to death he would have been the most conspicuous figure in American history. WFlEN THE MI3TS CLEAR AWAY. Gen. L9e expressed an abiding belief that when the mists of passion and prejudice have passed away, the calm light of justice will give the right niche to each Ggure in history. "The descendants of the men who burned Joan of Arc", said he, "now regard her as a character of heroism and beauty. The posterity of the men who hung witches in Salem as a pious duty, now hear the story with horror. The descendants of the men who today look on Jefferson Davis with unkind expression will see him as we do?the stainless gentleman, the gallant soldier, the devoted patriot, the pure and gifted statesman. THE ISSUES SETTLED. Gen. Lee declined to discuss the causes leading to the war. The war had settled that secession is impracticable and the amendments to the Constitution have adjusted all other differences. The Southern people have fully accepted the results; they accept the present aud loyally commit themselves to the future. Passing to the early days of secession, he predicted that the future historian would note with astonishment that the Southern struggle for independence began, not with committee's of public safety, with declarations of the rights of man, or enunciation of the mightly doctrine that governments ^.lof r?n [Trnna fi?Ain tflA PAI1 - UCHVC tUCII JUOb j/unvio v?w vw ? sent of the governed, but it began with public statutes, general elections and constitutional conventions. Mr. Davis himself rested, in his inaugural, the case of the new nation at the bir of the public opinion of the world, not upon revolutionary but upon legal right. REUARDED AS AN EXPERIMENT. He quoted the junior senator from Massachusetts (Mr. Lodge) as saying that when the Constitution was adopted at Philadelphia, no one, neither Washinatnn Hamilton. (Jlinton nor Mason regarded the new system as anything but an experiment, from which every State had the right peaceably to withdraw. The Southern States only exercised a right which had often been threatened by New Eagland, and which was generally conceded to be a constitutional one. THE SOLDIER AND THE MAN. Gen. Lse concluded a glowing eulo-1 gium of Jefferson Davis' pure, private life, his exquisite courtesy and gallantry as a soldier, with the declara-' ' - . - 4 iSV*-.:/ "r;t7jgr. -^^tger - ; ? tion that liis dominant characteristii was his fidelity to principle. It wa: well said of him: "He bent to non< but God." He came among ua as i Roman born out of time. It was im possible for him to ask pardon so long as he felt fie had done his duty con scientiously, as he saw it, and he was never forgiven. One after anothei his great comrades entered the beyond until he stood alone, but he nevei wavered. He passed from us a sterr and majestic figure, broken but nevei bent. Gen. Lee quoted from a speech de livered by Mr. Davis in the Senate ic December, 1860, in which he declared that the union was dear to him as s union of fraternal states. He argued from this that Mr. Davis was opposed to disunion, and thai at the conference called by Governor Pettis of Mississ ippi,of the representatives in Congress from that State in I860, Mr. Davis de clared himself opposed to secession & lone as the hope of a peaceful remedy remained. As a president, the speaker though! Mr. Davis may have made mistakesHe was a constitutional ruler, not a revolutionary chief, but when the night of defeat was darkening and the dismantled ship of the Confederacy was sinking beneath the waters, he stood at the helm to the last. A TRIUMPHAL PROCESSION. He referred to the popular demonstration of affection which always at tended Mr. Davis' appearance in pub lie, and referred with deep feeling to me uccaaiuLi wneu uis rem iius were ea route to Richmond for final burial. No conquerer's march was e/er hall so triumphant. In the capitals through which it passed, his body lay in state, visited by thousands, and everywhere along the way the people, old and young, thronged and stood^i^un covered head day and night alon5lP* 1 J A.X. - 4 !? 1 I ] I 4^. ranroaus as mo iraiu runeu uy, iu ioa tify their devotion to the dead. It was spontaneous; it was universal. A TYPICAL SOUTHERNER. General Lee's peroration was a mag nifirant t.rihiitA to Miv D.i?is as thf typical southerner. "As a soldier, his brilliant and promising career was cut short. He hao no opportunity to develop the great qualities of Lee, the prince ol commanders As a stateman, he did not quite reach, perhaps, the commanding staue of Calhoun, to whose work he succeeded. As an orator, he may have lacked the impetu ous ferver of Yancey, the splendid de claimation of Lamar?ae surpassed them all in his majestic strength, the chaste beauty of his thought, and hu thrilling earnestness. But Davis wat greater than tnem all in that he com bined them all. He was an accom plished soldier, a great stateman, and a consumate orator. He waa the typi cal southerner of his day and of alJ time. "Around him stood that marvelous group?Lae, the flower of chivarlry; jacKson, me genius 01 war; xuuuius, the thunderer of debate; Benjamin, the jurist; Campbell, the judge; Bledsoe, the scholar; Hunter, the statesman?men fit to measure with the knightliest. Yet, frjm the vantage ground of history his sublime head lifts itself above them all. IN VIRGINIA'S SOIL "It is mete and fittug that the ashes of the great should rest in Vir ginia's soil Round him sleep the mighty ones who have gone beforesolaiers who won American liberty: jurists who gave it perpetual form: statesmen who tilled iw nig wnusiara and made it honorable throughout the world. Lat Richmond be added to Mount Vernon, Monticello and Lexington. The south has committed the keeping of his ashes to the mother of States and statesmen. L?t him sleep in Virginia, where every river ?l * ? * *?1 kamaiom q r? /i wnispers ui ijuuicueraw uoiumui, uuv and every hill was crimsoned witn the soldiers1 blood. Let him rest in Rich mond, his capital, the city which h walled around with the breasts of the bravest of the brave. His memory is safe with you. You were faithful tc the livine, you will not forget he dead "In calmer years, when the lasi ember of sectional feeling has burnec out, and the last cord of love has gent ly bound the hearts of all Americans together, fathers will bring their little children tn this SDOt and tell of a pur< great man, who suffered for his peopl* and for the right, as they under stood it, and how for this thej loved him as they loved n( other. Long as yonder river shall rol its tide to the sea, it shall behold nc man more knightly. "He was a very perfect gentli Irniahf" Mav t.hfl storv of his life hi | ?*b? ?~ j %i sweet in days to coma, and, at last al men come to understand Jeffersor Davis. The benediction closed the exercises and the great and weary, but still en thusiastic crowd began to leave Mon roe park for places to quence thirst, t< appease hunger and to obtain needei rest. THE RETREAT BEGINS. Tonight the city is resonant witl the sounds of departing camps an< their bands Dlaviner the airs of''Dixie.' The serenade to lira. Jefferson Davi; at the Jefferson hotel by residents ant visiting Mary landers, accompanied bj the band of the Fifth Maryland regi ment, consisting of 40 pieces, was oni of the notable events of the night, ant was attended by all the celebrities a the reunion. THE UOVERNOR'fl RECEPTION. Governor O'Farrell gave a receptioi at the executive mansion tonight a which visitors from every State in th( south called to pay their respects t< Virginia's distinguished governor. When the reception to Mrs. Davis a the Jefferson had concluded early to night, the lady way taken to the Ma sonic temple, where she was greete( by a large assemblage 01 the sons an( daughters of the Confederate veterans This, with other social reunions con eluded the meetings which, have beer [ productive of so much good feeling at Itendant upon the sixth annual reun ion of the United Con federate veteran: and the laying of the corner stone o j the mounment to Jefferson Davis. Itroke up the Gang. St- Louis, July 1.?What promisee to be one of the most dangerous gangs i k.tonfoitors nnftrjitinfr in recent UI WUUVUtiViw.w 0 years was captured by secret service detectives at 1521 Pendleton avenut this morning. Those under arrest an are Dr. Adelia Walters, a lady homeo path, Ralph Creese, W. H. Miller ant Walter Creese. A search of the hou? disclosed a complete outfit of the tin est quality, including all the neces sary paraphernalia for making photc gravures of United States currency A further search resulted in the find ing of a number of negatives of Unite< States bills and a quantity of blacl copper plates. ** -"~M I WEATHER AND THE CROPS. l WEEKLYREPORTOFTHE CONDITION IN THIS STATE. ! Cotton, Cora, Rlc? and the Fruit Oropa I Generally Favorable?The Melon Crop ThreatanedJWith Failure. \ The following weekly bulletin, issued by Observer Bauer yesterday, covers the weather and crop condi( tions for the week ending Saturday I June 27, and in its preparation were djrg i used-reports from one or more corresI pondents in each county of the State. WEA.THER. ( The week under review opened with . normal temperature, but the heat i increased during the week so that by the end it was from 6 to 8 degrees , warmer than normal, the average ; r having been 3 per day for the week. ' , The average of 33 stations reporting L mean temperature was 82, and the normal for the same period is approxi- r||j mately 79. The mean ranged between , 84, at Kingstree, Oak wood, Clenuon }$? ; College and Waterloo, and 77at GKUi- jSH , sonville. \ The highest temperature for the week was 102 rebortea from Qilliaonville on the 26th and -101 reported | reportrd from Blackville on the 27th; J the lowest was 61 reported from Spartanburgon the 21st. . ' rl I The rainfall was poorly distributed ^ J| and came mostly in the form of show- ,jS|S| s ers, which 'Were very partial. In the central and western counties ine rain' fall was very light, while over the ^ 1 l eastern portions of the State general- ijgV , ly there was a slight exoess. Crops .^si i are suffering for want of rain in Un- Xjsm I ion, Edgefield, Lexington, Barnwell, Fairfield, Aiken, portions of Newber- .j&Mv N^g^Laurens, Anderson, Oconee and GreeJ^iiigibut as yet corn is the only i crop needm^PK&seriously, and that has suffered "'i"m! moisture but whicha raiuwMflina umnlr aw f otta ttt/mi 1 r\ n 111/tlr] tr womo/lv Tf UVIV Wi W I! v TTVU1U AUUJW?J , ? The ground is too wet in portions of * _3e OrangeDurg, Darlington, Florence i and Chesterfield where farm work was , somewhat retarded. The following a , heavey rains were reported: Black- %;JS ^ f ville 2.07, Florence 1.15; Charleston laM : 1.78; Kingstree 1.55; St George'aL82; '3tm. St. Matthews 1.59; Yemasaee 1.41; ' Tiller's Ferry 1.53; Gillisonville 1.87; Anderson 1.11: ?lloree 2.80; Effingnam 1.81; Darlington 4.52; Columbia , 1.33; Chesterfield 2.85; Society Hill i 2.38; Clio 2.00. It will be seen that .-^|s ; s with the exception of 1.11 at Ander' son, all the heavy rain fell in the eastern half of the State. In addition :jaB| to the above, "iz stations reported rain| fall for the week in amounts ranging I'-Jjg i from 0.03 to LOO inch. The average of 39 stations was 1.10, jja [ and the normal for the eame period is . < . approximately 1.31. I The rainfall in Darlington on the 24th was phenomenal. In the town -pjj of Darlington, and a few miles north and west of same, it was estimated gj that more than C inches fell. The 4.52 reported above fell 3 miles south?nsk nf Dftrlinctnii. ~ ^ .'' S38I ( There was aa excess over the usual amount of sunshine, except in the eastern and southeastern portions, .'3? where the sunshine was deficient, and jM was only about 40 per cent, of the possible. In the western counties it (' ranged from 70 to 94 per cent, of the possible, the normal for the State is * *'|| approximately 68. CROPS. The past week was generally favor- . oViln fnr nrrtn HnvAlonmAnL hat therfl X'Sw 1 were exceptions in the western coun- ~ i ties, where it is too dry for corn^ and _..?Q 1 in the northeastern, where it is too 1 wet for cultivation?excessive rain in ;^j i Orangeburg, Chesterfield, Darlington, v|? 1 Marlboro and Florence interfered ^ I. with field work; never the less crops s over the whole State are generally jgM well cultivated and free from grass. ) The reports on corn, for the first Hajfl > time during the season, are unfavora i ble. Corn is firing badly in Florence, J?gS| ? Kershaw, Berkeley, Lexington, Barn, well, Hampton, Aiken ana Marlboro. Jzjjm t Is needing rain in 11 counties. Too I much water on bottoms in Orange bur#. Insects damaging stands in i Kershaw and Lexington. In places s it is tassellinglow, but sinking well. i It is being laid by generally, although 3 late corn still "being plowed. The - heat during the latter portion of the "V^| r week seems to have been injurious to ' > corn, but the crop as a whole is still 1 very promising. i There is a decided improvement in COttOQ over iue previuua wow. xjiuo 9 have not yet entirely dissappeared, but 9 nearly so. But little damage resultd 1 from lice, and that is being rapidly eni acted under the favorable influence of >3 the prevailing heat. Cotton is gener- yj| , ally blooming and fruiting welL Too much water in bottoms in Orangeburg - where also stands are very much ) broken. Is needing rain in Aiken Is 1 loosing lower leaves in Cherterfleld. Is generally clean, well cultivated and in a very promising condition. i Sea Island cotton doing well lately. 1 Tobacco made fair progress and is ? 3sg " beinc tonned in Kershaw and Flor s ence. Tne crop is very irregular as to i growth, even, in the same held plants j range from a few inches to four feet . in height, in Kershaw. g Cane growing well generally, and i rice very much improved and free t from parasites. Melons generally inferior being small and poor. Fungous disease of i vinfts seems to be spreading. Lice int jured vines in Charleston and Barns well. 3 Peas are coming to fine stands generally. About all planted that will be. t Fruit generally scarce. Peaches i and apples still dropping and but few . left to ripen. Seasonable berries coni tinue plentiful. Mulberries ripening, i Grapes needing rain in Oconee; are rotting to a considerable extent before < 3 ripening. Sweet potatoes are growing luxuriantly. Too dry in Aiken and EdgeHeld to continue transplanting. Gardens are in good condition where there was plenty of rain, but are not doing well where rain is needed. Fine solid heads of cabbage are reported from Greenville. I The army worm has appeared in ' grass fields in Charleston county. t 3 Cut His Own Throat. 3 Chattanooga, July 1.? Jamei < "^1 i Pinkney, a prominent merchant of Cressville, Tenn., was this morning 1 found lying unconsciousin a pool of his a own blood. An open razor was clasp* ed in his hand and his throat was cut. The jugular vein was severed and he - soon expired. Deceased sent his wife . out of the room on an errand that she - might not witness the deed Anxiety 1 oyer business affairs is thought to have c led him to take his life. Pinckney had considerable property.