University of South Carolina Libraries
The Press and Banner BY HUGH WILSON . " a itiii:Vii7n:. cTta de [7l mmen(:em ent SUMTER'S OPERA HOUSE CROWDEC BY HOSPITABLE ADMIRERS. Col. Coward'* Touching; Keimtrkit-Cou gre8diuau Mcl.aureii Deliver* ?n Klo (j ueLit Addre**- First Uouor itlwi-Tvi'eii ty-Sevm UrailuatfH. Sumter, June 30.?Before an audi ence that filled to overflowing thi prettiest opera house in South Caroli na, the commencement exercises o the South Carolina Military Academ] *11? 1 , were success iuuy uruu^nt m / close today. The exercises of com mencemeut week began Sunday morn ing with the preaching of the bacca laureate sermon by Rev. Lucius Cuth bert of Charle?t)n in the Sumte opera house. Monday's exercises con sisted of the review and inspection o the cadet battalion by the board o visitors. Last week the meeting of the boart of visitors was held at the Jervej House. There were present Gen Johnson Ilagood, chairman; Col. J P.Thomas, Col. C. S. Gadsden anc Gen. Edward Anderson. All of th< ex officio members of the board?Gov Evans, Gen. Watts, Mr. Mayfield, Mr McSweeney and Gen. Dennis?wer< absent- Not much business othei than the usual routine of hearing re ports was transacted. Maj. Reese, th< nmfpssnr of nhvsics and chemistry tendered his resignation, which wa accepted with regret. The board wil elect his successor at their annua August meeting. The entire first class was passed bi the board, all of them being allowet to receive their diplomas. An hour before the time appointee for the exercises to begin this morn ing, the interested people of Sumte began filing into the opera house When the superintendent arose t< make the first announcement, stand ing room was in demand and contin ued so throughout the exercises, de spite Ihe very warm weather. The people of Sumter have been de (/? knrto (Vio r!i>or)?1 KwVOfc Wltl UglllCU Hi uaio U1U V>wv>v. - them and have exerted themselves t( give the cadets a delightful time That they have succeeded will be tes tified to tomorrow by 1he many cadet who will board the homeward-boum trains with regrets at leaving the Sum ter girls behind them. I have hear* of one, and there may be others, whi has decided to remain a few day longer, not being able to tear himsel away from a certain popular belle. The music in the opera house thi morning, as on all such occasions was furnished by the Bavarian band On the stage were Gens. Johnson Ha good and Edward Anderson, Cols. C 5. Gadsden and J. P. Thomas of th board of visitors; ex-Judge T. B. Fra ser, Judge 0. W. Buchanan, Col Coward, Lieut. Bond, Maj. Reese Maj. Mazyck, Lieut. Stokes, Dr. J. L Heyson, Dr. J. H. Furman, Mayor J J. Bozzard, Hon. J. H. McLaurin, th first and second honor graduates, S P. J. Garris atd B. J. Murphy am others. ine exercises were opeueu wm prayer by Rev. Dr. N. W. Edmund of the Presbyterian Church. Col. Coward theu stepped forwar< and spoke briefly. He said that oi three separate occasions the people o Sumter had invited the corps of cadet to their town; but on two of these o< casions, previous engagements pre vented acceptance. The third ivita lion was accepted and the Colonel sai that since their arrival here the treat ment they had received made thee regret that they had not been here aJ three years, not that other countie had not entertained them hospitably too, but that the pleasures of the pas are generally dimmed or forgotten ii the enjoyment of those of the presenl The Citadel always was and al way will be an institution for the entir State. Col. Coward said this is a nol able time. On this very day in the capital of ths nation that sprang into such sudde existence and whose short life wa marked by so many deeds of heroisn thousands of veterans of that blood war are now gathered together an listening to the rehearsing of thos deeds of heroism. It is htting tha such an occasion should be linked i memory with this commencemem and tnerefore, at the suggestion of member of the board of visitors, h presented for that member a Confet erate pin to each of the two graduate seated on the stage. The pins repri sented the battletlag of the Confedei acy. The band here struck up "Dixie, and like all other southern audience this one was unable to keep still und< its inspiring strains. Long may it t before a southern-born man or wi man can hear "Dixie" without ik blood tingling through and throug the body. Col. Coward tnen intr< duced as the orator of the day, Coi gressman John L. McLaurcn, wh spoke as follows: Mr. Chairman, and Gentlemen of tl Board of Visitors:. I am fully sensible of the high con pliment, you have paid me in selectin one, not a graduate of the Citadel, t deliver your annual address. 1 ca claim, however, a lineal descent. f< if I am not a son of the Citadel, I am son of her the C. M. I. 1 am afraid, however, that my ve erated Preceptor, Col. Thomas, (wi sits over there) will tell you that 1 w; a "prodigal son," but if he d; 1 would tell him tbat he ne er killed any fatted calvi for me, fall on my neck and do an weeping, nor put any rings on my fii ger, but fed me on bacon, and wbe he did fall on me it was to put me wal 1 ing post with a nine-pound musket c my shoulder instead of a ring on w finger. It hasn't been so long since I "woi the gray," but that my heart can thri with every emotion, that pulsates i the breast of a cadet on a commenc ment occasion. When I look in: your eyes beaming with youthful hoj memories of other days iiood me, son tender and sad, others joyful at pleasant. Fifteen years and it seen such a short time. Some of the brig] young faces that set out with me c the journey, have long been cold i death, other lie wrecked and strandc on the shoals and quicksands, whi all of us are middle aged men, fro: whose hearts the stern reality of li has dressed and driven the freshne " "l /\f TT/MltVl Nnt f 1M of 1 aUU JAAJWJT Vl jvuwu. v??? . has iound the world of which v dreamed in the glorious days of youn manhood. I have always felt that the four yea I of stern military discipline, with itb enforced habits of self control, and the " example and inlluenceof a man whose guiding: star was duty, had been worth more to me than any scholastic train: ing received elsewhere. I T1IK SOLDIER SPIRIT. ' The first step towards success any j way is to imbue the boy with the spirit of the soldier, for life is one lone: bat HtJj UUU lb Ifi bllC 3UIU1C1 >)^lI iL Lliab Yiiug success; the timid and irresolute are crushed, run over, and the coward de serts, while the trained soldier, fertile - in expedients, tactful and resolute, pushes steadily to the front, until success crowns his efforts or death claims him as her own. "SEEING THE ELEPHANT." r I have often thought of that prodigal son who left his father's house to see ^ the world, (we call it "seeing the eleDhant") and wondered what would * have been his fate had he been trained four years by Col. Thomas or Col. " Coward. lie would have seen the eler phant, no doubt about that, one as big as Jumbo himself, and possibly ''spent r his portion in riotous living," but when f the funds played out, a Ciladel boy would never in the world have fed on j the husks left by the swine. lie would have killed the fattest pig in the bunch ate spare ribs and backbone, and the * ?/if nnthirirr inner mau wen iuiuuw uutu.ug j better turned up), with the airs and 3 graces born in the "City by the Sea," he'd have fascinated the old man's daughter, married, and put hisfatherl in-law to tending the hogs. Then with p plenty of leisure entered politics, gone to Congress, paid the mortgage off his 3 father's farm, provided for the good brother who stayed at home by an g appointment to a 4th class postoffice. I I know some of the "boys" who have I made almost as wonderful a record as that. A Citadel boy would never have gone sneaking home in rags and tat j ters, whining and shedding "crocodile tears." He would have pulled himself j together, redeemed his mistakes, and when he went back home, gone with r his head up like a man. If he had to become as a hired servant and fed on j husks, he would have gone as far away from home as possible, changed his name and not disgraced his family by admitting that he was a miserable 1ail ure. h THE CITADEL i It would be presumption for me in a the presence of men grown gray in the !. service of the Citadel to say much con[. cerning its history and work. Pt rmit s me, however, to briefly allude to its j genesis, because in its original concep. tion it is closely related to a few i thoughts that I will exprtss later, o Col. J. P. Thomas in his elegant s work, gives a most interesting account f of the early history of the Citadel. In 1822 Denmark Vesey, a free negro, s organized a most formidable insurrecit tion in the city of Charleston. He was I. one of those bold, strong characters, who are born leaders of men. On !. Sunday night, June 16th, the negroes e were to rise, and suddenly seize the l- arsenal, guard house and other deposi[. tories of arms, then reinforced by the i, country negroes, were to sweep the town by fireand sword. Through the . defection of one of the conspirators, e the plot failed, and Vesey with several I. others was tried, condemned and exed cuted. The alarm caused by this threatened outbreak led to the enlarge a ment oi tne ax-senai ana omer military s posts. Ten years later came the nullification excitement of 1832, and $200, i 000 was appropriated for munitions of a war and as a consequence greatly inf creased the importance of tne arsenal, s A garrison was kept up until in 1842, - Governor Richardson conceived the 5- ilea of using these military posts as i- schools, holding that as they had to be d maintained, it would only be a small t- additional expense to impart instiuc a tion to the young men constituting the 11 garrison. Thus we see that the origin s and purpose of the Citadel was for rf public defence, and that the scholastic it leature is a graft upon the old trunk. a Therefore in purpose and practice the t. Citadel bears a close relation to the mis litia system of the country, and I desire to express a few thoughts on this t- line, for in it are some of the germs which must give life or death to us as a republic. n TWO RESOURCES OP NATIONAL SAFETY, s In national life, in the Urst outbreak of war or civil disturbance at home, y there are but two resources for protecd tion and safety. They might like ho;e tels be classified as the "European" it and "American" plans. n EUROPEAN PLAN. t, The first depends upon a large standa ing army, drawn from the ranks of e civil life, to be maintained in idleness I- at the expense of the producers. Con;s stituting in the hands of an ambitious s- and bold executive, a perpetual menr ace to popular rights. AMERICAN PLAN. ," The second depends upon a patriotic s, and we^ organized militia, ever presir ent, rare^y seen? quartered *mong us, >e not in camps and forts, but at the fire> side, in the counting room und the le workshop. tl FOUNDATIONS OK NATIONAL UKKATNES3. 3- It has been well said that with the 1- decadence of the martial spirit the de10 cay of the nation begins, hence every nation adopts some means to foster ie this spirit, varying in degress from the dance of the savage to the science and a- culture of West Point. g In a critical analysis of the elementLo al foundations of political economy, .n there are two essential factors upon Dr whose proper understanding and ap a plication, the progress, perpetuity ana stability of our government depends, n- First. Political wisdom, manifested 10 through broad Statesmanship, as Second. Courage disclosed through id the martial spirit of the people, v- The former embraces, the aggregate es ability, learning and experience of the y nation, while the latter is a sense of a- justice and right, backed up, with an in unfaltering determination to protect both at all hazard of personal danger, what we call, Statesmanship, is simply iy a careful study of the past critically and honestly compared with the presre ent, for the purpose of securing a logi 11 cal and common sense application of in the future, militaryism, in plaia terms e- is courage and manhood, trained and to disciplined to act in concert withothae ers. It is the scintific adoption of ie courage to the best and most eflective id methods of selr defense and protection, is Upon these two elements rests the tit progress and perpetuity of every free ?n government, to their highest ilevelopein ment, civilization, stands, irrevocably ^ pledged. le Where i say that the military spirit m of the people should be developed, I fe do not mean the spirit of war, in the ps accepted parlance of the day, since I is consider that there is a vast difference je between the two terms, "la the midst ig of life, prepare for death" says the scripture and who will deny its solemn rs truth. Likewise, runs the old adage, . J "in time of peace prepare for war," and none 1 fancy will question its wisdom or prudence. Preparing for war, does not mean war, anymore than preparation for death, means death itself, since both are precautionary measures applicable alike to the frailties aud weaknesses of mankind. 1 The age of cbiralrv with its feodal system serfs and slaves has passed away. No longer does brute forca with shield and battle axe settle and conclude compromsies. N:> longer, doss personal courage as disclosed in single combat, challenge the administration of mankind and make and unmake kingdoms. The science of mortal combat, now demands members, trained to unity of action and that compinnity of purpose, which alone brings out and utilizes the utmost limit of courage and endurance. The martial spirit of our people, may be ever so intense, their couragc ever so daring but withouta knowledge of the scientific principles of war, their efforts would be futile. The obligation of every government is good wholesome laws, honestly and impartially administered, with ',he development of such governmental power, as will protect from internal strife, and defend her citizens from foreign foes. The military development of the European system tends toward a despotism, because the martial spirit of the nation is concentrated in a machine called the army. With us it is diffused through all the nation, dwelling in the breast of every man worthy so be called an American, supplement ing manhood and developing" that independence of character, which alone designate the citizen of a great Republic, a Republic whose greatest safeguard must be, that in times of national, perilt each individual feels, that he face death, not for the whim or caprice of king or Emperor but in defense of home and couSlae. That he will share in the benifliyvKhe contest, or feel the iron band which follows defeat and disaster. > A STRIKING ILLUSTRATION. i V* * Look at Appomatox! what became ( of those two great contending armies < of more than a million men. * Brave, intelligent and enduring. 1 In bloody battles, for four long | years, ?(he courage of each, had 1 been tested to the uttermost. < Yet when the end came, and the Goddess of peace, unvailed her face, they ^ disappeared, as if by magic. Under ( the warm rays of the sun, the snow 1 and ice on the mountain side melt ? and together begin their journey to ( the sea. So did these great armies { melt into the common mass of citizens ' and together take up the task of rehabilitating a common country. Citizens first, soldiers from necessi- < ty. To lay down the musket and j sneathe the sword, in order to engage j in more peaceful pursuits, was a pleas- ? ure instead of a task- In Europe, { where the professional soldier predom- t inates, and standiag armies are the j rule, such an event would have been ( followed by anarchy and bloodshed. ( If to day the vast standing armies of ] Europe were disbanded, a reign of , lawless terror would ensue. This il- j lustrates the difference between the j machine soldier, who fights for his { king regardless of the right or wrong , of the controversy, and the citizen ( soldier, who stands individual as a part of the contention?one, the nar- ? row interest of the mercenary; the ( oiner, me emootumem ui painumui ? and personal responsibility. j OCR MILITARY FORCE. 1 The Anglo-Saxon race has an in- 1 stinctive dislike and distrust of stand- 1 ing armies, regarding them as a men- { ace to popular liberty. Even in Eag- j land, it may astonish those not con- 1 versant with the ' Mutiny Act," to 1 learn that "the raising or keeping a standing army in time of peace, within the United Kingdom of Great Bri- > tain and Ireland, unless it be with the I consent of Parliament," is against the i law. The first standing army in Eng- < land was that of Cnarles the Fourth i and consisted of only one thousand i cavalry and four thousand foot. It is ] curious io note from the Bill of Rights 1 in 1689, even down to the present < time, how jealously the people tnrough ' their Parliament have guarded tnis I dangerous posver. The people are i right in their dislike for standing ar- I mies, ail the more so here, because in i our country the whole tendency at present is toward centralization of power in the hands of the Executive. I Add to the prerogatives already usurped, an immense military force, and no potentate on earth would wield tne concentrated power of the President of i the United States. It would wip8 out the last barrier, and the autonomy and semi-independence of the States 1 would be forever gone. Yet, my countrymen, the time is at hand when the size and efficiency of our military force must be increased; at every session of Congress bills are introduced along this line, and in fact the business sense of the country feels that present conditions are inadequate to our needs. The real question is, how shall it be done without further centralizing this great power in the hands of the Federal Executive? With the advantages of a great and powerful nation we have its duties and exposures. We are an active, enterprising people. With unparalleled rapidity we have developed this continent, and now side by side with the other mercantile and manufacturing ? ~? ?* /* tUsv winwlroft* A? tKo iitbbiuiia aio aco&iug biio mai Wi wuv world for our surplus products. We can't get rich by swapping dollars among ourselves. Under the law of the "survival of the fittest," our merchants and manufacturers must go out into the marts of the world and take their chance. To do this, however, with every extension of commercial boundaries there must be the ever present military force to protect commercial supremacy. This is the secret which has made England the commercial mistress o fthe world, and enabled this little Island of tradesmen and shop keepers to levy tribute on all the sons of men, between the Rocky towns of Corfee, and the burning sun of Hindoostan. Its "symbol" may be the British Flag, but the "hiding place of its power, is within dark and frowning lines of artillery" Her encroachments in South America, has well nigh driven us from those markets, while our policy in Alaska is not one to be admired. LiOOK ai uuoa: rigni ai ourgawwajf, and yet our foreign policy, permits us to be robbed of markets, that of right should be ours. The Spanish tariff excludes our products in favor of England and hamper: and embarrasses enterprising Americans, who have invested fortunes in Cuba, expecting to [CONTINUED ON PAGE FOUR.] VLrt ." - . GRAND AND GLORIOUS. THURSDAY IN RICHMOND ECLIPSES ALL FORMER OCCASIONS. UnpAralelled Enthusiasm?South Carollrtt'H Place?Coveted Palmetto Branches? (ten, Hampton and Our Sponsor?Toin Woodford's Response. Richmond, July 2.?Today has been jevond all question the greaest in he history of the historic city of Richuond. It was the crowning event of he notable sixth Confederate reunion vhen nearly all of the living leaders )f the war were present and when hey had for their distinguished guest hat well known Union soldier and jatriot, Corporal Jas. Tanner. The hree day's meeting of over 100,000, Confederates ended in the laying^of he cornerstone of an imposing monunent to be erected to the memory of fefferson Davis, the President of the ate Confederate States. This was what called from the north, AAftl- n?/l G/tlWVl OTTArXT uu wrau, cuo caau auu tuu >ivui.u uivij )ld Confederate soldier and sympahizer. For four days and over they came, hronging in on every line of railroad jntil the hospitable city of Richmond, ivith its grand hotels and open doors )f every private house, were so taxed hat the overflow reached the city of Petersburg and adjoining villages, ind filled their homes with welcome quests. During these four days the itreets and houses of public reception lere have been packed by a living nass of Confederate humanity. The lemonstration surpassed all previous svents in the history of the city, and is far as the crowds present were con:erned, overshadowed all former ocsasions, when the south sent her representatives by the thousands to honor ,he memory of her distinguisnea Jeaairs and sons in the ex-capital of the louthern Confederacy. FALL IN LINK. No sooner than General Gordon had mnounced the adjournment of the Confederate reunion convention sine lie with three expressive raps of his Dhicamauga tree gavel, tban there pas a rush of the veterans to get into ;he appointed locations in time to fall nto the line of procession, which uoved promptly at 1 o'clock p. m. There were 20,000 men in line with LOO bands of music and 200,000 or more )n the streets to witness this grand jarade of youthful military cadets, stalwart militiamen, and venerable jray bearded and battle scarr.d veterans, who had seen service on the lard fought fields of Virginia. ON HISTORIC SOIL. The latter retrod the streets which !5 and 30 years ago resounded with .he martial footsteps of the armies of Lee and afterwards of Grant. It was i great day and nobody who witnessed he parade, the heartfdlt devotion of .he men in line and the enthusiasm of he people on the streets, would do )therwise than declare that it was a iay consecrated to A.mcrican manhood, jatriotism and valor. The spectacle fvas inspiring, and as the bands jassed playing "the Star Spangled Banner," ' Dixie," "My Maryland" ind "Yankee Doodle," every man and ^0man felt themselves a truer American. Nothing could have been more auipicious than the weather and all othir conditions for such a grand occasion. The procession, though prompt in forming, was somewhat delayed by i divergence of the cavalry, artillery, :ne \ lrginia ana rform uaronna regiments of infantry and the carnages containing the (distinguished guests ind young lady sponsors from the States and territories, so as to take in \ portion of Main street. A MAGNIFICENT SPECTACLE. They joined the veterans at Fifth ind Franklin streets, and for nearly two hours this grand parade of young ioldiers and old heroes, with its bands )f music, flags and banners, marched ilong streets aflame with national and southern colors and greeted at every point with the cheers and plaudits of Lhe women who were either daughters ar mothers of the old Confederacy, rhe column, including as it did every branch or the military service, made a 3plendid appearance, ani would have been deemed an American gem in New York or Chicago. BATTLE-SCARRED MEMENTOS In the line were numerous memen toes of the late war in the shape of bullet-holed and tattered Confederate battle flags, uniforms that had been worn on many a bloody field, knapsacks, canteens, muskets and rifles that bore evidence of service in many a campaign. Two venerable old soldiers carried fiddles with which they entertained camp life during the war. Many had empty sleeves and many others wooden legs, but they stood the fatigue of the four hours' march with all the fortitude that characterized them over 30 years ago. Gen. Gordon, chief marshal, and staff headed the procession, and his escort was the corps of cadets from the Virginia Military institute. HAMPTON SALUTED EVERYWHERE. Then followed the children's brigade, 250 in number. Gen. Hampton and staff took position in front of the Carolinians, and the old cavalry hero was saluted at every move and turn of the procession, Governor O'Ferrall was at the side of Bri?. Gen. Phillips of the Virginia State troops, which included the Virginia and North Carolina regiments of State troops. Then followed the Worshipful Grand Masonic Lodge of Virginia, escorted by the Commandery of St. Andrew of Virginia, No. 13 Knights Templar, and by the Blacksburg, \'a., cadet. Next, the orator of the day, Gen. Stephen D. Lee, and staff. Tne first cavalry regiment of Virginia, commanded by Col. Charles Euker. Davis Monument association. Mrs. Jefferson Davis and family. Invited guests. Sponsors for the southern States. Memorial associations, etc, Council of the City of Richmond. Major General Tnomas A- Branderer and staff. Richmond Light Infantry Ulues' battalion, escort to the Virginia Veterans division. Grand Camp Confederate Veterans. Department of Virginia. Col. W. A. Smoot, grand commander. West Virginia Veteran association. South Carolina Veteran camps. Mississippi Veteran camps. Florida Veteran camps. A In kn tvto nam no XXiauaiiia * tauipa, Georgia Veteran camps. Louisiana Veteran camp*. Texas Veteran camps. Indian Territory Veteran camps. Olanhoma Territory V eteran camps. ' ? - - Arkansas Veteran oanips. Tennessee Veteran camps. North Carolina Sreteran camps. Kentucky Veteran camps. Missouri Veteran camps. Maryland Veteran camps. District of Columbia Veteran camps. Sons of Confederate Veterans. Veteran cavalry division. Tho s?a/1ntc t\f fho TTitrVi sr?Vinr?l frntri lie, and reterred witn aeep xeenng 10 the occasion when his remains were Bn route to Richmond for final burial. No conqueror's march was ever half so triumphant. In the capitals through which it passed, his body lay in state, visited by thousands, and every where along the way the~p3Qt>le, old and young, throneed and stooS-with uncovered head day and night along the railroads as the train rolled by, to tes-T tify their devotion to the dead. It was spontaneous; it was universal. A TYPICAL SOUTHERNER. General Lee's peroration was a magnificent tribute to Mr. Davis as the typical southerner. "As a soldier, his brilliant and Dromisincr career was cut short. He Washington, as well as the District Veterans made an attractive feature of the parade, and were complimented i all along the route. SOUTHERN BEAUTY. The lady sponsois and their maids of honor, rode in separate carriages and made the brightest feature of tne i procession. Each sponsor waved the ' flan nf fVi? State she renresented and 1 all of them were royally cheered as 1 they passed through the brilliantly < decorated streets, crowded with south- i ern.blooming womanhood and loveli- I ness. < The Society of the Army and Navy J of the Confederate States in the State ] of Maryland, escorted by the Fifth Regiment Veterans' corp3, was in the J procession. The society is the only J organized body of veterans in town i which is not affiliated with the United i Confederate Veterans. Many of its < members, however, are also members 1 of Herbert and Buchanan camps. Col. s George R. Gaither is in command of the veteran corps and Capt. George W. Booth of the society. Gen. Bradley T. Johnson is president of the so- . ciety. Mrs. Jefferson Davis rxie in a car- , riage with the Hon. J. Taylor Ellyson ( and Gen. Peyton Wise, and he was everywhere recognized and cheered. Miss Shelby, daughter of Gen. Shelby of Tennessee rode a fine horse through the whole route of the procession and was greatly admired. The procession reached Monroe park about ; 4 o'clock, after a very trying march to some of the older veterans. MASONIC FUNCTIONS. Here the Grand Masonic lodge of Virginia took charge of the ceremonies, and escorted by the Knights Templars, reached the site selected for the Davis monument, where a stand for the orator and distinguished guests had been erected. When the privileged crowd had been seated and the Richmond Blues and other military i X? 1 J 1 I organizations pmueu as a couipiemeubary escort to the Templars, the Masonic ceremonies in the laying of a cornerstone took place, concluding with the following proclamation by the Grand Marshal: "Oyez! All within the sound of the gavel take due notice that the craft has ceased from their labor and that the corner stone of the Jefferson Davis monument is now true, trusty, and well laid by the grand lodge of Virginia in its 119th year." A tt-af tViia annniinnAmnnf Ffnn .T. haa no opportuaicv to develop the great qualities of Lee, the prince of commanders. As a stateman, he did not quite reach, perhaps, the commanding staue of Calhoun, to whose work he succeeded. As an orator, he may have lacked the impetuous ferver of Yaacey, the splendid de claimation of Lamar?ne surpassed them all in his majestic strength, the chaste beauty of his thought, and his thrilling earnestness. But Davis was greater than them all in that he combined them all. He was an accomplished soldier, a great stateman, and a consumate orator. He was the typical southerner of his day aad of all time. ''Around him stood that marvelous group?Lee, the flower of chivarlry; Jackson, the genius of war; Toombs, the thunderer of debate; Banjamin, the jurist; Campbell, the judge; Bledsoe, the scholar; Hunter, the statesman?men fit to measure with the knightliest. Yet, from the vantage ground of history his sublime head lifts itself above them alL. in Virginia's soil. "It is mete and fittiag that the ashes of the great should rest in Vir1 Dahm/1 him oloon fha Taylor Ellyson, president of the Davis Monument Association, came forward and called upon Bishop John C. Granberry of the Method 1st Episcopal i church to offer prayer, aud the eminent divine delivered a most fervent and appropriate appeal to the throne of the Almighty. Al ter this Gen. Stephen D. Lee, the orator of the day was introduced and spoke as follows: GEN". LEE'S ADDRESS. From a graceful exordium, explaining the purpose which had drawn his vast audience together, Gen. Lee asserted that it was fitting that Jefferson Davis' remains should rest in Virginia, which he characterized as the greatest of all States, the battle scarred producer of warriors and statesmen. But for her generosity in ceding her vast territory to the Union, Kentucky would have still been her's, and he would have been born her son. Many presidents, statesmen, soldiers lie in Virginia's soil?from Washington to the present time?none greater tnan Davis, but more fortunate. JEFFERSON DAVIS MODRNED. Throwing a glance backward, he showed how, 31 years ago, the man whos9 memory they had met today to honor, lay manacled in a casement of a strongly garrisoned fortress, charged with the most atrocious crime known to man?treason and murder. "And yet," he continued, "he died, by millions more sincerely mourned and deeply loved than any other man in the history of the nation. If his ene mies had succeed in patting him to death he would have been the most conspicuous figure in American his tory.* WHEN THE MISTS CLEAR AWAY. Gen. Lee expressed an abiding belief that when the mists of passion and prejudice have passed away, the calm light of justice will give the right niche to each figure in history. "The descendants of the men who burned Joan of Arc", said he, "now regard her as a character of heroism and beauty. The posterity of the men who hung witches in Salem as a pious duty, now hear the story with horror. The descendants of the men who today look on Jefferson Davis with unkind expression will see him as wo do?the stainless gentleman, the gallant sol dier, the devoted patriot, the pure and gifted statesman. THE ISSUES SETTLED. Gen. Lee declined to discuss the causes leading to tne war. ine war bad settled that secession is impracticable and the amendments to the Constitution have adjusted all other differences. The Southern people have fully accepted the results; they accept the present and loyally commit themselves to the future. Passing to the early days of secession, he predicted that the future historian would note with astonishment that the Southern struggle for inde? ? ?-? trri f Ir* /1AIY1 TV? pCUUOUUC UC^ail, ili/l# Tf 1UU wuiLUi?v^? of public safety, with declarations of tbe rights of man, or enunciation of the mightly doctrine that governments derive their just powers from the consent of the governed, but it began with public statutes, general elections and constitutional conventions. Mr. Davis himself rested, in his inaugural, the case of the new nation at the bar of the public opinion of the world, not upon revolutionary but upon legal right. REGARDED AS AN EXPERIMENT. "rtwrt ts-kM fwAW HO LJUULCU l/UO J UUiUI souatui uuui Massachusetts (Mr. Lodge) as saying that when the Constitution was adopted at Philadelphia, no one, neither Washington, Hamilton, Clinton nor Mason regarded the new system as anything but an experiment, from which every State had the right peaceably to withdraw. The Southern States only exercised a right which had often been threatened by New England, and which was generally conceded to be a constitutional one. THE SOLDIER AND THE MAN. Gen. Lee concluded a glowing eulogiuru of JefFerson Davis' pure, private life, his exquisite courtesy and gallantry as a soldier, with tne declara Lion that his dominant characteristic was his fidelity to principle. It was well said of him: "He bent to none but God." He came among us as a Roman born out of time. It was impossible for him to ask pardon so long as he felt ne had done nis duty conscientiously, as he saw it, and he was < never forgiven. One after another his great comrades entered the beyond until he stood alone, but he never TT~ -1 t -i - wavercu. i_lo [nuscu irurn us a Siern and majestic figure, broken but never bent. 1 Gen. Lee quoted from a speech de- ( livered by Mr. Davis in the Senate in December, 1860, in which he declared that the union was dear to him as a union of fraternal states. He argued from this that Mr. Davis was opposed to disunion, and tbat at the conference called by Governor Pettis of Mississ ippi.of the representatives in Uongress from that State in 1860, Mr* Davis declared himself opposed to secession as lone as the hope of a peaceful remedy ; remained. As a president, the speaker thought Mr. Davis may have made mistakesBe was a constitutional ruler, not a revolutionary chief, but when the light of defeat was darkening and the lismantled ship of the Confederacy was sinking beneath the waters, he itood at the helm to the last. A TRIUMPHAL PROCESSION. He referred to the popular demonjtration of affection which always attended Mr. Davis' appearance in pub J?iuia a oull iv juuu uiui Uiwj^ vuv mighty ones who have gone before? soldiers who won American liberty; jurists who gave it perpetual form; statesmen who filled its fiig with stars and made it honorable throughout the world. Let Richmond be added to Mount Vernon, Monticello and Lexington. The south has committed the keeping of his ashes to the mother of States and statesmen. L3t him sleep ia Virginia, where every river whispers of Confederate heroism, and and every hill was crimsoned with the soldiers1 blood. Let him rest in Rich mond, his capital, the city which he walled around with the breasts of the bravest of the brave. His memory is safe with you. You were faithful to the living, you will not forget he dead. "In calmer years, when the last ember of sectional feeling has burned out, and the last cord of love has gent ly bound the hearts of all Americans together, fathers will bring their little children to this spot and tell of a pure great man, who suffered for his people and for the right, as they understood it, and how for this they lnvfld him as thev loved no other. Long as yonder ri ver shall roll its tide to the sea, it shall behold no man more knightly. "He was a very perfect gentle knight. May the story of his life be sweet in days to coma, and, at last all men come to understand Jefferson Davis. The benediction closed the exercises, and the great and weary, but still en thusiastic crowd began to leave Monroe park for places to quence thirst, to appease hunger and to obtain needed rest. THE RETREAT BEGINS. Tonight the city is resonant with the.sounds of departing camps and their bands playine the airs of ''"Dixie." The serenade to Mrs. Jefferson Davis at the Jefferson hotel by residents and visiting Mary landers, accompanied by the band of the Fifth Maryland regiment, consisting of 40 pieces, was one of the notable events of the night, and was attended by all the celebrities at the reunion. THE GOVERNOR'S RECEPTION. Governor O'Farrell gave a reception at the executive mansion tonight at which visitors from every State in the south called to pay their respects to Virginia's distinguished governor. When the reception to Mrs. Davis at the Jefferson had concluded early tonight, the lady way taken to the Masonic temple, where she was greeted i*" ? oooomhlaffA nr t.hfl sons and KM J (4 Utlgy UUJULUWAM^V W. ? ? daughters of the Confederate veterans. This, with other social reunions concluded the meetings which, have been productive of so much good feeling attendant upon the sixth annual reunion of the United Con federate veterans and the laying of the corner stone of the mounment to Jefferson Davis. ISroke up the Gang. St. Louis, July 1.?What promised to be one of the most dangerous gangs of counterfeiters operating in recent years was captured by secret, service - 1 CO I O 3 ae*ecuvca ttt ?u*l l ouuiciuu avuuuo this morning. Those under arrest are are Dr. Adelia Walters, a lady homeopath, Ralph Creese, W. H. Miller and Walter Creese. A search of the house disclosed a complete Outfit of the finest quality, including all the necessary paraphernalia^for making photc? - ? ? ~e TT-ii/lj grdvurea 01 \j uueu oiaios uurrguujr. A further search resulted in the finding of a number of negatives of United > ? f Klortlr uiiia nnu a qu?um?jr ui copper plaWs. ' WEATHER AND THE CBOFH WEEKLY REPORT OF THE CONDITIOlH IN THIS STATE. 9 Cotton, Corn, Bice and the Fruit Generally Favorable?The Melon CrofH ThreatenedJWIth Fall are. The following weekly bulletin, sued by Observer Baiter jflttewlMB covers the weather and crop omh! tions for the week ending SattndM^e June 27, and in its preparation used reports from one or more CORMJ^H pondents in each county of the StaJH^J The week under review opened witiflB normal temperature, but the mHB increased during the week so the end if. wsa Atnft iImmMI warmer than normal, the avecf^RH having been 3 per day for the fn|H The average of 33 stations reportiuH mean temperature was 82, normal for the same period isapprtfflnflH mately 79. The mean ranged batwqMO 84, at Kingstree, Oak wood, GleaMHK College and Waterloo, and 77at GftuBB sonville. v^H The highest temperature for i I week was 102 rebortea from GHllSjHBH ville on the 26th and J.01 reptjMflfl e r>l__i?:11 ropurtru hulli uicw;n.vmo uu buo the lowest was 61 reported from tanburg on the 21st. 1|8^H The rainfall was poorly disliuUHH and came mostly in the form ofaaHR ers, which were very partiaL'^gH^BI central and western counties theaHwH fall was very light, while or$fc|HHfl eastern portions of the State ge**J?^| ly there was a slight exoeas^ are suffering for want of rain la w ion, Edgefield, Lexington, Fairfield, Aiken, portions of ry, Laurens, Anderson, OconetjlnS (?r6G!i7i!le, but as yet corn is the ^S|^B crop needing, rain seriously, and^?w^B has sufferea no tnjljry from. IjMjB moisture but whicn ?week or two would quickly reoHM^fl The ground is too wet ia portiowVS OraugeDurg, Darlington, Floc&jSnfl and Chesterfield where farm wowjjggBil somewhat retarded. The follotra heavey rains were repotted: ville 2.07, Florence 1.15: Cluuri|^Hfl 1.78; Kingstree 1.55; St. (WflpwjBH St Matthews 1.59; TnmnwiT TWmjB Tiller's Ferry 1.53; QillisonviltfK** Anderson L11; Elloree 2.80; ham 1.81; Darlington 4.52; Coloia** 1.33; Chesterfield 2.85: Soddy39^fl 9 Q?. niirt 9 an Tt will Ko with the exception of 1.11 at Ajaafhfl son, all the heavy rain fell tinHw eastern half of the State. In a&nBntfl to the above, 22 stations reported wis fall for the week in amounts rsngfiffl from 0.03 to 1.00 inch. n The average of 39 station* and the normal for the eamrpwiMMM PThe rainfall in Darlington anffc*l| 24th was phenomenal. In thft'taBEB of Darlington, and a few milet^MiV and west of same, it was eetiz*#4* that more than 6 inches fell. 4.52 reported above fell 3 miles acraKjfl east of Darlington. .9 There was an excess over the tWBffl amount of sunshine, except in tin eastern and southeastern portidffl?| where the sunshine was deflaenl^^^H was only about 40 per cent, otw^B possible. Ia the western countiflS-i^H ranged from 70 to 94 per cent, ot tfaw possible, the normal for the approximately 68. The past week was generally fiij able for crop development, but thdMH were exceptions in the western oraH| ties, where it is too dry for corn-jm?fl| in the northeastern, where it tlwB wet for cultivation?excessive rain# Orangeburg, Chesterfield, Marlboro and Florence inter&M^H with Held work; never the less qraiflH over the whole State are gensMtfia9| well cultivated and free from 'gnMjtiXfl The reports on corn, for the/fifi^H time during the season, are unfstf?^M ble. Corn is firing badly in FIomImH Kershaw, Berkeley, Lexington, well, Hampton, Aiken ana Is needing rain in 11 counties,'-^jNH much water on bottoms in Orai^fnfl burg. Insects damaging stands Kershaw and Lexington. In plftMgH it is tassellinglow, but sinking It is being laid by generally, althOOgBH late corn still being plowed. 4$SH heat during the latter portion of wH week seems to have been injariodSllM corn, but the crop as a whole isiftBH very promising. J There is a decided improvemmfcBB cotton over the previous week. Ii|H have not yet entirely dissappeared, nearly so. But little damage raiajijiMj fjpm lice, and that is being rapidly engfl acted under the favorable innuenot J$9| tfife prevailing heat Cotton is fencoB ally blooming and fruiting welt TigM much water in bottoms in urangeDonn where also stands are very mnetq broken. Is needing rain ia Aiken ; !? loosing lower leaves in Cherterflektjfl Is generally clean, well i iilllvjfrjfM and in a very promising conditidtfS Sea Island cotton doing well Tobacco made fair progress and ihE being topped in Kershaw and ence. The crop is very irregularttl^H growth, even in the same held pUw^H range from a few inches tofourfMfl in height, in Kershaw. JBj Cane growing well generally^ aadflg rice very much improved and fmm narasites. Melons generally inferior hdHW small and poor. Fungous diaeaMMxH vines seems to be spreading. Lioe i)EB jured vines in Charleston and Barn-fl Peas are coming to fine stand* erally. About all planted that willbKB Fruit generally scarce. PeacheiS and apples still dropping and bat fewfl left to ripen. Seasonable berries com tinue plentiful. Mulberries ripening.B Grapes needing rain in Oconee; rotting to a considerable extent befoflfl Sweet potatoes are growing luxurteB ac tly. Too dry in Aiken and EdgaliH held to continue transplanting. B Gardens are in good conditiooB where there was plenty of rain, butB are not doing well where rain if need-B ed. Fine solid heads of cabbage infl reported from Greenville. B The army worm has appeared iqfl grass fields in Charleston county. ' Cut Hli Own Throat. Chattanooga, July 1.?James Pinkney, a prominent merchant ofl Cressville, Tenn., was this morningfl found lying unconscious in a pool of haB own blood. An open razor was daspB ed in his hand and his throat was cutJI The jugular vein was severed and heH soon expired. Deceased seat his wiflH out of the room on an errand thatahlH might not witness the deed. Anxifl^H oyer business affairs is thought to h*T<M led him to take his life. Pincknejj* had considerable property. ?