University of South Carolina Libraries
ji VOL. XLIX. WINNSBORO, 8. G, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 5, 1894. NO. 17. ^ v the general assembly BOTH HOUSES ORGANIZE AND PROCEED TO BUSINESS. Officer* and Drawing for Scats. Speaker Jones Re-elected?Dr. Pope Presents a Petition?A Number of Bills Introduced. . Columbia, S. C., Nor. 28.?Both Houses of the General Assembly met in annual session yesterday at noon and proceeded to organize. In the Senate, after prayer, tne organization of the body wasltegun by calling the roll of the old members. The new members were then called up, ranged in a semi-circle in front of the Presi dent's liesic ana sworn m. oenawr John R. Harrison, of Greenville, was elected as president pro tem. The election of clerk of the Senate to succeed Dr. Sampson Pope was v.. then in order. Senator Mayfield nominated Gen. R. R. Hemphill* Senator Byrd Mr. R. M. McCown, and Senator Efird Mr. J. A. Sligh. The vote on the first ballot was as follows: For Hemphill?Barnwell, Barton, Brice, Buist, Dennis, Fuller, Mayfield, Miller, McCalla, McDaniel, Morris, Ra* <rir> Sanders. Turner. Wilson?15. For McCown?Brown, Bvrd, DerFinlev, Harrison, forkland, ^^khouse, Verdier, Williams?9. ^^^^M^^lligh?Douglass, DuBose, Efird, Mauldin, Moses, Mower, "*^oan, Stribling, Watson?11. h KW fJfi._T?ie"second ballot these changed H Hl from McCown to Hemphill: ! Brown, 8 Bk Finlev, Verdier and Williams, which [I with the vote of Senator Walker, who ft came in after the first ballot, gave him 20 votes. These changed from SlcCown to Sligh; Bvrd, Derham, larrison, Kirkland and Stackhouse, Riving him 16. The distinguished edHtor of the Abbeville Medium was acBbordingly declared elected clerk, and HraSflvcame forward to take the oath of office. rr KJL tuo jA/OilUVAi. v* w^/J.^wkUv ?n J. C, Elliot, ir.cumbent, and J. E. Smith were nominated. The vote was Elliot, 29; Smith., 8. For reading clerk, W. H. Stewart, R L. Gunter and N. K. Perry were nominated. If was proposed that each candidate be given a trial at reading. This was done and afterwards a vote taken, which resulted in Stewart receiving28 and Gunter and Perry 4 each. The body showed a proper discrimination. The President of the Senate was authorized to make the same number and character of appointments as at the sessions of 1892 and 1893. The same rules which governed the Senate at tiie last session were aaopied. i President Timmerman announced the following appointments: Journal clerk, Jesse T. Gantt; doorj mm keeper, Thomas Whittle; assistanV^j R. jBoyles; bill clerkjJBT^CTrerry, door-keeper in. gallery, Marion Dorn; assistant, S. M: ' ">tt; pages, Ed L. McDaniel and Oaluwell Smith; postal | clerk, E. O. Jenkins. k ^ - Tb^-?rr?->rr.Tnitf^. which waited, on ?txovernor Tillman returned and informed the Senate that the Governor would communicate with the Senate to-day. * >. The Senate was ready to adjourn until today, but Senator Mower had . something to say before it quit busi" v ness. He arose and introduced a petition signed by Dr. Sampson Pope. This petition sets forth that the recent election for Governor was an illegal and fraudulent one and in violal tion of the Constitutions of this State fc?r and of the United States. The petition next charges managers ft of the election with all kinds of frauds, W even to taking Pope ballots out of boxes and substituting Evans ballots | in their places. Supervisors of registration are also charged with fraud, and the indictment includes mighty near everybody in the State except those who voted for Pope. * John L. M. Irby, Governor Tillman, .Ormotny -Tnlm llirv Evans and the County Democratic Executive Committees, are charged with being parties to frauds. Governor Tillman is charged with backing up the alleged frauas by the use of officers of the law. Dr. Pope most solemnly declares that had it not been for these frauds he would have gotten there like Eli and would have been the next Governor. Dr. Pope says he stands ready to prove these frauds. Accompanying the petition was a Wf cofRarrent resolution that Dr. Pope be heard before each body of the Genk eral Assembly and that he have power summon witnesses to prove his alleHg??tions; that pending said contests the H^v^jturns for Governor shall not be -ftenedand tabluatea. ^Ee^^TiThe petition ana tne concurrent B~: solution will ?oto the Committee on P^vileges and Elections when it is apTHE HOUSE ORGANIZED. The first business in the House after the members had been sworn in and HI had signed the roll was the election of Bv- a Speaker. Hon. IraB. Jones of LanBf "caster was nominnated for re-election. No one else was nominated and Mr. Jones received every vote cast. In acV cepting the position Mr. Jones made a graceful ana appropriate speech to the House. He thanked the body for the honor and said that ;the gratitude he felt was intensified bj- the fact that the election was so unanimous and hearty. ^ He thought from what he could see of the body over which he was to preside that the State was in honorable and patriotic hands. "The first business before the House," said Speaker Jones, "is the election of a Clerk." The nominees for this position were Gen. J. W. Gray, incumbent, and Mr. George R. Koester editor of the Columbia Register. General Gray was nomi^ nated by Representative Watson of Anderson. Mr. Koester was nominated by Rep resentative Mcl^aurin of Marion. The vote resulted 110 to 11 in favor L ^ "> ^ J ^ J 1 1 i OI irenerai vjray ana ne was uwiarcu ' elected^ For Serjeant-at-Arms, the present |p" incumbent, Mr. Stansell, was opposed * by Messrs. -McCarley and Bullock. The vote resulted: Stansell 90, Bullock 30, McCarley 14. At this point a messenger was announced from the honorable Senate. This messenger was Clerk Hemphill, who stated to the House that the Senate was organganized and ready for business. The House proceeded with its elecFtions. Reading Clerk Withers, a ^ most efficient officer, was re-elected ? i WlbULUUt ^ For Chaplain of the House two ballots were necessary before Rev. L. T. K Carroll was elected. The nominees were Rev. E. A. Wingard. Rev. J. H. < Tillinghast and Rev. L. T. Carroll. The first ballot resulted: Tillinghast j 32, Carroll 37, Wingard 30. The second ballot resulted: Tillinghast 2">, Carroll GS, Wingard 30. Speaker Jones made the following appointments at the same time stating that the remaider of the positions would be filled to-day: Assistant Clerk, S. W. Vance; Journal Clerk, W. W. Rice;Bill Clerk. T. C. Hamcr; Keeper of the Speakers Room. James \Y. Gary: Door,keepers, J. K. Witlierspoon Peier Sanders, Hugh W. Toy lor. The usual committee was appointed to wait upon the Governor and it returned with a message that lie would communicate with the House to-day. The House had more fun than a little drawing for seats after it had finished its other work. Under the rules the names of the counties are put in a liat. A slip is drawn out. The county whose name is on it lias first choice at seats; the secon county second choice; the third county has third and so on. The members pick their seats and always take what they think are the best. York County won the first choice in the drawing, Clarendon secured second and Kershaw third. The members of these counties all picked good seats near to and on the centre aisle and about midway up the aisle. Charleston was near the last and the JBarnwell delegation got last choice. They had to take seats -wherever any were left and are a badly divided lot of men. ASHES AND TWISTED IRON. All that Remains of the Wrecked s. C. ami G a. Train. Columbia, S. C., Dec. 1.?The State yesterday morning gave all the details possible concerning the terible accident which befell the night fast mail train on the South Carolina and Georgia road, while en route from Charles1 " * . _ ?:i_ i_ ton to tins city, just aoouia- mue u?low Kin^ville, a station about thirty miles below Columbia. But the half was not told. All that now remains of the handsome trail!, which was flying along the track about 9:45 o'clock on Thanksgiving night, is a little pile of ashes and some twisted steel and iron. The wreck, strange as it may seem, entails a loss of $75,000 on the railroad company. There was one coach on the train?the first class car ?which was worth ?20,000, being the finest that the company possessed. It seems a perfect miracle that not a single life should have been lost, when the circumstances are considered. The ugliest feature/)? the whole affair is that the wreck was the result of a deliberate attempt on the part of some fiend to throw the train down an embankment at the most dangerous spot /vn tVici fnr flip accident was due to an open switch, and it was soon discovered that the swii;ch had not only been thrown _jonen, but had been '"wedged so that it would remain open. The piace where the accident occurred was just where the "Y" turns off from the main line leading to the Camden branch. Just at this point is the highest embankment on the line of the road. The train, in charge of Conductor Speisiggc? and Engineer. Heao, was speeding along here at the rate of thirty miles an hour, there being a good load of passengers aboard the first-class car. The engineer is a very careful man. The engine hit the open switch and flew the track. It ran alonj? the cross ties about 25 yards. and then keeled over, rolling down the enbankment and t urning completely over. The engineer ducked his head down close to his seat and stuck to his box. That was all that saved his life, for the combination mail and express coach came down on the engine, the express end crushing through the top of the cab and resting against the firebox, while the rest was high in the air. The combination baggage and second-class coach ran half way down, but rested against a telegraph pole and stopped. The first-class coach was derailed and the air breakes falling suddenly by the severance of the pipes, the lives of the passengers were thereby saved. Those in the firstclass car snransr to the door to see flames issuing from the cars down the embankment and spreading with remarkable activity. They had caught from the firebox and the overturned stoves. All 'sought immediately for the injured. A11 breathed easier when they found that the engineer had crawled out, with but a few scratches through a hole in his cab, that Express Messenger J. M. Collins was all right, andjthat all theother oocupants of the forward cars had escaped unhurt. The express messenger went back into the burning car and pulled out his safe and what bundles he could. The rest was all destroyed. All the baggage ni'l offon+c /vf fVio no ccp-n OrPTK; wprp dUU VAiWfO VJk C iiv J^UWVVU^VAV ? ? ? V saved. All of the contents of the mail car were saved. In a very few moments the flames had spread over all the cars and it was but a very little while before the entire train was destroyed. The passengers walked about a mile up to the station at Kingville. The special train, which left here about 11:45, arrived, and taking them aboard, came on back to the city, reaching here at 3 a. m. There was real thanksgiving expressed by every one aboard the ill-fated train that no one had been injured in the terrible accident of Thanksgiving night.?State. The Bicycle Girl's Costume. The sensational World newspaper is publishing many columns of letters daily for and against the use of bicycles by women. * 'Is bicycling immodest?'' Is the question debated. Some of the critics declare that they could notpossibly fall in love with a girl on a wheel?she looks too masculine by far. Others says that young men teach young girls to ride and hug them, under the pretense that they are merely keeping them from falling off ?which is just awful, of course. Others are shocked at the sight of "bloomers" flirting: up and down the avenues, although they see nothing improper in the ^bathing suits worn at the seashore. Now there is no denying that the "bloomer/" costume in the eyes of a Christian is the very ugliest a girl can wear. The prettiest girl in the world with a cap on her head, her trousers stuffed in her boots, as it were and working away on the pedals of a bicycle for dear life looks like a fool. But that costume is r ot immodest and, besides, very few women here wear it. Most of them wear long skirts, sit up straight on their wheels and move along the roads with a grace and dignitv which puts to shame the fro^-like gyrations of the male riders. In some portions of Texas it does not pav to have the cotton picked and it is being1allowed to fall outon the ground; and m some portions of Oregon, fields' of wheat, containing hundred of acres' are left unharvested. I /- i - .1 ~ HIS LAST MESSAGE. " GOV. TILLMAN ADDRESSES THE LEGISLATURE THE LAST TIME. A Report that Will be Ke:?l Witk Iuterest by all, Whether Conservative or Tillmanitc?What the Governor Kas Say About Public Matters. Gentlemen of the General Assembly: I herewith present to your honorable bodies this my fourth and last Annual Message. Since my induction into office four years ago, the administration of the Executive Department has been beset with difficulties. Complex problems have forced themselves forward for solution; reforms of a radical nature have been accomplished; abuses of long standing have been corrected, or attempted to he corrected, and the natural-result has been that the period from March, 1800, to 1S95 has been one of intense political activity, and will mark an epoch in our annals to which the future historian of the State must devote more than a passing glance. During this time there has been no perfunctory performance of routine official duties in the Executive office. The irrepressible conflict between capital and labor?between the corporations and money on the one hand, and the people on the other?which is fast mar shaling the American people into opposing political armies, lias been waged here in South Carolina with relentless fury. But, thank God, Machiavelian cunning' and unscrupulous political methods have been met by honest patriotism and unflinching regard for duty. The people have sustained our eil'orts to make reform mean something, and the victory lias been with the State administration in every essential particular. The corporations have been forced to bow to the rule of right and justice. The lawless have been taught that a statute of the State cannot with impunitv be annulled by a mob. Equality of "burden. wjtii eqality of benefit ana equality or opportunity, is now more nearly a rule than at any other period in our recent history; and the march of progress, while over rough roads, has been steady. The people of the State govern; the majority rules, and the advance in education, in temperance, in all that goes to make up a higher, better civilization and a more prosperous, happy people, is marked. No unprejudiced man can deny it. No truthful man who will deal with facts will deny it. The representatives of the once privileged classes will protest most vehemently. The newspapers owned or subsidized by the liquor dealers will continue to howl and gnash their teeth in ra^e that the godless traffic is being slowly but surely taken from tXICir UilLZXUiS U.I1U WULUICU nibULU jgasonable and lawful bounds. But the great mass of plain, business workingmen and farmers know that what I state is true. I cannot expatiate or go into details, but a brief recapitulation of the things which have been accomplished by the Reform movement in South Carolina can l>est show the truth of what I assert. They are: 1st. The erection and endownmcnt of Clemson College. - 2d. The overthrow of the Coosaw monoply. 3d. The just and equitable assessment of taxes on railroads and other corporations, and the victory in the Courts compelling them to pay. 4th. The passage of the Dispensary law and the destruction of the barrooms. 5tli. Refunding of the State debt, which saves $78,000 a year in interest. 6th. The establishment of the Winthrop Normal and Industrial College for Women. 7th. Election of the Railroad Commissioners by the people, and allowing them to fix passenger and freight rates. 8th. The inauguration of the Primary system of party nominations for all offices in the gift of the people. The last is not a function of government. and belongs rather to party management; but" by and through it, and the battle fought to obtain it, all the rest have come. By those who have fought us so doggedly it will be charged that the unity of the white race has been destroyed, the Democratic party riven asunder, and the kindly feeling of our people for each other replaced by factional bitterness anci. strife. Be it so. The blame rests with those who, while claiming to represent the masses, were entrenched in our high places as the tools of corporations, and advocates of special privileges for the few and political slavery and financial servitude for the many. Perish the Democratic party of tx>th the State and Nation, if Democracy does not mean the greatest good to the greatest number, and the rule of the majority. Let white unity go if the bond -which binds us is not that of brethren with equal rights, but links aristocratic privilege and the claim of inheritance by divine right, to a servile surrender of the rights of freemen. The National Democracy betrayed the people and broke all of its pleclges. It has been given a deserved chastisement, if not a death stroke, by the voters. But the State Democracy, although stabbed in the back by white men calling themselves "our best people'' and the only "true Democrats," ! lias triumphed over Bourbonism and treachery. The presence in these halls of an increased number of Reformers | show that the people are content with the Government as it has been administered, and intend to continue the policy I have pursued. Freedom and tyranny cannot revolve in the same orbit in an elective government, unless the tyrant is 011 top. The position having been inverted by the election of 2890, placing the tree people on top and the tyrants below, the natural Republicans among our white people? the believers in special privileges and class legislation?have sloughed off into a party of their own and have, gone to the negroes at last. They have not been content, however, to go in decent silence and vote as they pleased. But remembering the possibilities of the election machinery of their own contrivance, and how they had cheated in elections in the past, they have raised one general chorue of "Fraud!" "Fraud!" all over the State: and this without producing any reputable witnesses to prove a single allegation, and in face of the fact that no motive for fraud is shown, and the vote the slightest on record. It is a disgraceful spectacle that South Carolinians will so slander their own State; but political malice awl lying- for money can accomplish (i \ a great deal of noise in the public | prints. The Courts are open to them, the law provides for contests before the County Canvassers and State Board. But they have not dared attack the legality of the election before either tribunal, except at a few precincts which could not change the result. They simply charge fraud over anonymous signatures, or through the moutlis of brazen tools bought to do the dirty work of slander. mis cry or iraua, unaer me circumstances, can only emanate from hearts reeking with fiendish malice and envy, or it is paid for by the whiskey ring, which organized the bolt and furnished the campaign fund. The vote was very light, because the people were not aroused and did not know of the intended coup cVetat of the allied Republicans and Independents ; but when it is remembered that the same managers who returned Evans' majorities returned large adverse votes against the Constitutional Convention, which was specially linked* to his candidacy, it can be seen how ! unreasonable and false is the accusa-1 tion of ballot box stuffing and false J counting. If there had been any concerted or organized purpose to cheat among the managers, these contradictory votes would not have been returned. I assert that the election was as fair and marked by as few irregularities as any ever held in the State since the reconstruction period. But I cannot refrain from congratulating the people upon the opportunity now offered, after long, weary ' years of waiting and struggle, to put our beloved State beyond the reach of ; ignorance and vice in controlling elections. The Constitutional Convention has , been called by popular vote, though j t n ^ oy a siiiau majority, jti wui wm duty to provide for the election of delegates to it, and to appropriate a sum or money for defraying its expenses.; , This is an additional achievement, by and through the Reform movement, ( which will have more to do with the , future weal and woe of our commonwealth than any or all the rest I have heretofore enumerated. It is a fitting capstone to the triumphal arch which the common people have erected to liberty, progress and Anglo-Saxon civilization since 1S90. There is one aspect, of the convention expenses to which I would direct your attention: The per diem of its members should be not more than two dollars per day and one railroad mileage to and from Columbia. If the people are wise, they will select, for the difficult and delicate task of framing a new Constitution, the very wis*? 1 i T 1 ect, purest ana Dest men we nave, anu pav them only enough to defray actual expenses. In the very nature of things, the Constitution to be framed will be largely the work of a few leaders, and tne main business of the great majority of the delegates will be to discuss, and reject or adopt, the suggestions thus presented. This will be a work of considerable length, but it will be done much sooner and better, and the work will be pressed -to ' conclusion at much less cost to J-'rz , taxpayers, if every delegate is made to contribute his time free of cost to the State. Any man who is not willing to attend to this patriotic work at actual cost to himseu is unworthy to sit in the body. If this suggestion is followed, there will be no temptation to prolong the session. Every one will work to get through as soon as possible. It is' not desirable that the work should be hurried, but it is altogether necessary to have it cost as little as possible. THE DISPENSARY LAW. I have mentioned the Dispensarylaw as one of the measures which will signalize the Reform administration. I speak advisedly when I say that no new and untried experiment in legislation has ever gained so many friends in so short a time and taken such deep root in the popular heart. The law has come to stay, and it will depend on its enforcement and administration whether it shall spread to other States or not. It is the one question of greatest public interest at this time, and I shall necessarily devote much space to it. The liquor dealers have resisted its enforcement and tried to evade it by every device that cunning and greed can suggest; and thev have had as active sympathizers a large proportion of the people and police of nearly all the cities and towns in the State. There have been some notable and praiseworthy exceptions, and I take pleasure in mentioning Abbeville, Chester, Edgefield and Orangeburg as affording no aid or comfort to the illicit sellers of liquor, except during the time when the law was suspended ?x?+J/vn s\f Qmromo (Vvnyf. LTV Li_lO avuvu vrx I/AAV/ v. 'The statute, as amended by the last Legislature, has proven very satisfactory as a means of stopping the illicit traffic, but there are some defects which I shall point out later on, and recommended changes to correct them. As soon as the General Assembly adjourned and the new Dispensary Act went into effect, I set about actively to enforce it to the letter. Detectives were employed to obtain evidence, the constabulary was increased by adding picked men to the force, and a vigorous crusade begun to drive the "blind tigers" from the State. If it had not been for the animosities engendered by politics, and the determination of political partisans to sustain the liquor dealers in every way possible, it is not likely that the tragedy which followed would have ever occurred. Some of the newspapers began early in January to educate the public mind to resistance to the searcli- J ing of private dwellings; and men i were taught to believe that this was I an invasion of their liberties to which j they should not submit. It is needless; to sliow the fallacy of this contention, I because it is readily seen that if a man | may turn his private dwelling into a i den from which he can sell liquor, or a depot from which to supply it, without the right to search and seize it under warrant, the law would be a nullity. There is every evidence going to show that there was a preconcerted arrangement or conspiracy, with ramifications in many counties, to precipitate a conflict with the constables, and by butchering them intimidate others from carrying out the law. The purpose of those directing the conspiracy was, to inflame the public mind to such an extent that the militia could ni-it Ko Tol-io/l nruvn fr> assist, tho civil I authorities, and thus to bring the law and State Government into contempt. The place selected to precipitate the ' conflict was Darlinsrton. One of the j constables stationed" at this point re- < ported the bold and open violation of< the law and asked for assistance. J < 1 Three picked men were sent him the i < last week in March. When these four attempted to execute search warrants, they were hooted, jeered at and treated with every indignity, and forced to retire from the streets to prevent a conflict. I telegraphed Chief Constable Gail lard, in Charleston, to go to Darlington with all available men, which he did, carrying with him enough men to make his force in all twenty-two. Some few of these were armed with Winchesters, but most of them had only their private side arms. He called on the Sheriff to assist in serving' pnnx*NbCS, auu u^cu c\cry |n;d" sible precaution to prevent a conflict with the citizens; and the AttorneyGeneral was sent to the spot to advise and direct his movements. The conspirators had armed themselves with improved weapons, and had called in reinforcements from the barkeepers and their hangers-on from the neighboring tovrns of Florence and Sumter. A mass meeting of the citizens of three places was held in the Court House at Darlington, and resolutions were passed denouncing the searching of private residences, under whatever circumstances, as an act of tyranny, to be resisted at all hazards. On Thursday, the 29th, I received intelligence of such a threatening character that I wired Capt. Thomas, of the local military companv, to keep his men under arms and hold himself subject to the orders of the Sheriff. In a very little while I received advices that a mob had broken into the armory of the Darlington Guards, and had taken their guns; and fearing that the local company could not be relied upon, I ordered tne Sumter Light Infantry to proceed to Darlington as soon as possible bv special train. This order was promptly obeved. the company reaching there thursday evening. The state of excitement among the citizens was intense, and I expected every moment that a conflict would be brought on; but I insisted that the Chief Constable and Sheriff should complete the service of all search warrants. I was on my way to attend a meeting of the Clemson College Trustees when these telegrams were sent. Friday morning earlv, the AttorneyGeneral advising it, I ordered the Sumter company home. I have always regretted doing this, because I believe that, had they remained there until th? constables had left, the firebrands who were spurring the citizens on to resistance, and trying to bring on a riot, would have failed. With the conflict at the depot between the citizens and the constables? who had finished their work and had gone to take the train and were followed by the citizens, and the riot brought on in which two citizens were killed and two wounded, and one constable.killed and two wounded.one very seriously?every one is familiar. The whiskey rebellion had broken out in full fury: and for twenty-four hours men held their breaths, not only in this State but throughout the whole United States, for it appeared that we were on the verge of civil war. Fearing trouble, I had cut short A-y visit to Clemson and hurried home Friday. I had scarcely reached the Executive Mansion when, at five o'clock P. M., I received a dispatch announcing the terrible tragedy. And then the conspiracy, which had its orgin in the false teaching of the newspapers, began to unfold itself. Dispatches flew thick and fast, and into every town and oamlet in the State, reached by a telegraph wire, the news was flashed that the Constable had provoked the conflict and shot down the citizens in cold blood, and were being pursued by two hundred armed men to be lynched when caught. To me there was but one course open, and that was to restore order and have the law obeyed. I immediately provided a special train to leave Columbia for the scene of the disturbance, ana oraerea the three companies in this city, the company at Sumter and the company at Manning, to get ready. The orders were extended to General Farley and to Colonel Wilie Jones, and they were urged to hurry. The conspirators in this city which seems to have immediately become headquarters, set actively to work to seduce the soldiers from their allegiance, and to prevent them from obeying the order. A large mob gathered in front of the armory of the only company, the Governor's Guards, which really attempted to obey the order. Inflammatory speeches were made by leading citizens. All manner of incendiary talk was indulged in. Threats to burn the State Dispeniary were made, and there were many who, listening to the threats freely spoken, were even alarmed for the safety of the Governor himself. At 9 o'clock I was informed by Colonel Jones that the men would not, or could not, obey the order, and shortly afterwards I received a telegram from the Captain of the Sumter Light In fantry, stating that ins company naa likewise refused to go. (It is but just to say here that the next morning Capt. Phelps reported that his company had returned to their senses, and would fo to Darlington. They were not sent, ut kept at home to preserve the peace, and did good service in guardingsome of the Constables and protecting the Dispensarv.) I immediately ordered General Parley to proceed with the special train to Charleston, picking up the Manning company as he went down, and telegraphed General Huguenin to order the Fourth Brigade under arms. About lialf-past 2 o clock Saturday morning I received an unsatisfactory reply from that officer, and next day the following: "Charleston*, S. C., March 31,1S94. Gov. B. R Tillman. Columbia, S. C. "No company in this command will sustain the Constabulary in their methods of enforcing the Dispensary law. This brigade will uphold and defend the honor of the State, but will not lend itself to foment civil war among- i our own brethrin. "T. A. Huguenin, ' 'Brigadier-General. " This will show the temper and insolence of the political warriors who composed the city companies. I had been endeavoring for nine hours to get some of our boasted militia to move to the point of disturbance and restore the peace; and to their everlastingdisgrace be ii said, for the first time in their history, the oldest and most noted military organizations of the State refused to obey orders. Saturday morning, as soon as the telegraph otfices were opened, dispatches were sent to the Captains of nearly every accessible company in the State, ordering their men under arms, and to await orders. Six other companies refused to obey, or their officers refused to extened the order, but the officers of my companies responded promptly., Special trains were arranged for on the varsouslines of road leading to Columbia, and and all of the men west of tlieSantee and Wateree Rivers were ordered to rendezvous at Columbia at the earlist moment possible. As a matter of record and a just recognition of their patriotic response to the call of duty, I give the names of the several commands, with the names of their commanding oHicers: ORGANIZED MILITIA. Manning Guards. Capt. W. C. Davis, :> omcers unci men. Morgan Rifles. Capt. W. S. Mitchell, 30 officers and men. Maxwell Guards. Capt. F. S. Evans, 30 0115061*8 and men. Gordon Light Dragoons, Capt. H. J. Harvey, 21 officers and men. Edgefield Light Dragoons, Capt. J. R. Blocker, 13 officers and men. Darling-ton Guards, Capt. H. T. Thompson. 37 officers and men. Greenville Guards, Capt. W. P. Conyers, 14 officers and men. Butler Guards, Capt J. A. Mooney, 20 officers and men. Dibble Light Dragoons, Capt. B. H. Moss, 31 officers and men. Salley Rifles, Capt. T. C. Steadman, 132 officers ancU'men. Edgefield Hussars, Capt. S. B. Mays, 122 officers and men. Palmetto Rifles. Capt. A. W. Oakley, IS officers and men. Hampton Guards, Capt. J. 0. Westfield, 24 officers and men. Santee Rifles, Capt. P. W. Bull,' 31 officers and men. Fort Motte Guards. Cant. R. M. Claffj, 14 officers and men. Abbcrville Rifles, J. L. Perrin, 26 officers and men. Richardson Guards. Capt. F. H. Cook, 31 officers and men. Edgefield Rifles, iCapt. R. S. Anderson, 29 officers and men. First Regiment Calvary, Col. W. J. Causey, 43 officers and men. VOLUNTEERS. Tillman Guards, Capt. N. N. Hay den 47 officers and men. Jacksville Voluenteers. Capt. T. J. TiiiAkfttt. 33 officers and men. Hemphill Rifles. Capt. R. R. Keinphill, 7 o'iiicers and men. Mountville Volunteers, Capt. B. H. Pasley, 47 officers and men. I Gary Evans Volunteers. Capt Nathan Porter. 12 officers and men. Abbeville Volunteers, Capt. R. E. Cox. 10 officers and men. Edisto Guards. Capt. J. C. Wise, 33 officers and men. Laurens Volunteers. Capt. W. C. Irby, 4G officers and men. It is gratifying to nok the fact that many of the officers and men composing these commands were opposed to , the Dispensary law, but they did n. >t allow political prejudice to seduce them from the discharge of their duty. The first company reached Columbia at 4 o'clock Saturday evening: others came in during the night, and by Sunday evening 19 companies, numbering 475 men. had reached,the city. Early Saturday I had telegraphed to the Sheriffs of Florence and Darlington Counties to swear in a posse comitatus and find the Constables, and afford them protection. The Sheriff of Darlington telegraphed me that he was powerless, and that nothing but troops could keep the peace and restore order. During Friday night a mob had broken into and destroyed or stolen over half the stock in the Dispensary at Florence belonging to the State, and a similar mob. or some of the same, had looted the Dispensary at Timmonsville. Feeling that the emergency was such j that I could afford to take no chances, andjknowing the ugly temper of citizens of this city, who 'passions were being lashed into fury by the utterances of The State newspaper, I had on Saturday telegraphed several of the most accessible Counties, calling for volunteers among the citizens to come to Columbia and support the Government in its efforts to restore peace and enforce respect for the law. During Saturday night and Sunday these volunteers,*w!io had left their business of o mnmonfc HfYticn to llllTTV to the rendezvous, came pouriug in on every train; while notices by wire of hundreads, and even thousands, who were ready to respond, were received by Monday morning. I had to countermand the orders Monday morning, and decliene any further assistance but about three hundred came in during Sunday and Sunday night. All of the troops and volunteers, as fast as they reached the city were marched inside the Penitentiary walls and placed under the strictest discipline. Gen. R N. Richbourg, who had been given command, and who deserves great praise for his prompt action and soldirely bearing throughout the trying crisisdid all that was possible for their comfort. Col. W. A. Neal, the efficient Superintendent of the Penitentiary ana Commissary-General on my staff, exerted himseif to the utmost to furnish food and shelter. It was a happy thought putting the men in me renitentiary, as thereby they kept isolated, and conflict between them and the citizens prevented. And but for the appliances for cooking which the Penitentiary afforded, it is difficult to see how the men could have been fed Sunday morning the news from the scene of the disturbance was still of the most disquieting nature. The Constables were said to be surrouuded; some of them were said to have been killed, and it was reported that it was the fixed purpose of the Darlington mob to lynch all of them: while armed bodies of citizens from Florence and Sumter were reported guarding every road to prevent their escape. General Farley, having failed to get any troops in Charleston. dismissed Captain Davis of the Manning company, who had succeeded in getting together only nine or ins men, and proceeded to Darlington alone under my orders. He reported things quiet in the town, but gave no account of the Constables. Saturday morning, realizing that I had to deal with a dangerous situation, and being resolved to uphold the dignity of the State Government and enforce obedience to the law. I issued a proclamation, which I had telegraphed to and bulletined at every station in the Counties of Darlington and Florence. declaring these Counties in a State of insurrection and ordering all evil-minded persons and unlawful assemblages to disperse?in effect putting them uuder martial law. Saturday evening, finding that special trains were being used by the rioters to and from points in the insurrectionary district, and that the teleV*vr\f ll/vf" TC-lfVl Q ] ] ^ I dp IX ?X1^0 ?\^AV A1VV HAV14 manner of inflammatory reports. keej>ing the public mind in an angry excited state, which threatened to produce conflict between citizens of differing political views at other points, I j notified the authorities of the Coast] 2 | Line Railroad and of the telegrah companies that I took possession of the telegraph lines and railroad, forbade the transmission of any messages except those on business, and ordered that no trains should be furnished except to the State. The telegraph people objected, the Postal Telegraph Company reluctantly yielding obedience: but tfeft^Western Union Company had to besefrved with an induction by Jud^e Watts, and afterwards I took forcible possession by means of the military. The railroad authorities consented cheerfully to comply with on/1 tyitiaVi LIIC tCI XIIO \JL V4.V,X. , CkULU UiUV.l VI VV?AV is due this line, as well as all others in: the State, for the hearty co-operation whioh they rendered the State Government in moving the militaand volunteers. Sunday evening, having arranged for transportation and provided tents, and commissary stores, I ordered General Richbourg to take all the uniformed companies then in the -city except two?the Edeef Rifles and the Newberry Riftes?to Darlington bv special train, which he did, reaching there at 10 o'clock Sunday night. I cannot go into details of the military operations, or rather the occupation of Darlington and of Flc^SKirduring the five succeeding day^'Byltonday night all of the Constables had been heard from and were safe. This relieved my own and the public suspense very much; aDd after keeping the troops at the two points until the Coroner's inquest had been held, which the constables attended in order to testify, and having had a conference with some of the leading citizens of the town of Darlington, from whom satisfactory assurances were received, the commanding General advised me that peace and order were restored, and the troops were ordered home, being brought to Columbia before they were dismissed. They were dismissed on April 7th, having been paid off in full. The volunteers and other companies which had reached the city after the departure of the troops for Darlington on Sunday evening had previously been yaid off, and returned to their homes oil Tuesday. The total cost for transportation, subsistence and compensation of the troops for the entire affair, including interest till January 1st on the money, -which I borrowed from the Carolina National Bank, will be S13.S98.75. The vouchers and all the papers are in the hands of the Comptroller-General, and provision -will have to be made in the nest Appropriation Bill to pay this sum, to relieve me and the gentlemen who endorsed my personal obligation, -which was given for the money. A strenuous effort has been made by the newspapers -which represent the anti-Dispensary element to show that there was no need for the expenditure of this money, and that there was no need of sending the troops to Darlington at all. Falsehoods have been published without number, and every _ / r_ i ^ t manner 01 iatuous or speciuus argument has been used to bolster up the position. But I do not hesitate to saythat it is the best spent money that has every gone through my hands as Governor; and the demonstration which was made that South 'Caroliua had a Governor who had the will, while he had the moral and physical backing of enough lovers of law and order, to repress lawlessness and enforce respect and obedience to the law, has been and will be worth to the State a thousand times what it cost. Remember that the officers of the State, bearing the commission of the Chief Magistrate and in the discharge of their duty, had been attacked seemingly by premeditation. They were being hunted like wild beasts, after the conflict, for the purpose of lyching. A jury of the County nas since declared that the two principals who were indicted for murder were not guilty; thus showing that the charges that they had provoked the riot and wantonly shot down the citizens A>leo TVio S+oto'c Yviwrwrtv Cbl^ K/M?W S? in the two Dispensaries had been destroyed or stolen. A large ni.mber of the crack militia companies of the State?men who were wont to cover themselves with glory every Fourth of July?had point blank refused to obey orders. What was the spectacle we presented abroad? What would have been the effect had I found no militia to go to Darlington, or, having found them^had failed to send them there? Would not the lawless whiskey element have felt that it had triumphed? Would not the mob have a++a/?1t+1%a crfoVi_ 1C1 L? CHIUUXUCIICU lAJ DJUL^ wixow*W ulary elsewhere or have murdered them in cold blood? How would the Constables have had the opportunity to attend the inquest? How could they have gone to trial in the County without danger of being murdered? But I will not waste further time in arguing the wisdom and necessity of my action. The people have sustained me in this, as they have in all my efforts for the State's welfare, and I can afford to leave the newspapers and the men belonging to the militia, whom they encouraged to disgrace themselves, and whom they have since tried to vindicate, to a mutual admiration. The newspapers must admire the devotion to duty, the discipline and the moral courage of the troops. The troops cannot help having a high appreciation of the patriotism, wise counsel and <rood sense of the editors. If our bonas are at a premium and v./\I 4a CAAlr ir>nAoftr>Ar>-f avi axxaxu iv iuvcouuvuv in South Carolina, it is not because the militia of Charleston, Columbia and other towns refused to obey the orders of the Governor; but because the militia of Spartanburg, Greenville, Edgefield and other counties responded at a moment's notice to the call of the State. It is because the sturdy farmers, mechanics, clerks, merchantsmen of ever\-calling?dropped everything and hastened to the Capital to sustain the Government they had chosen, and to uphold the law their representatives haa enacted. As soon as things had quieted down, orders were issuea disarming all the companies which had disobeyed orders. The Lee Light Infantry'of Chester, whose Captain had done all he could to get his company to go, was reorganized, as were the Eclisto Rifles, of Orangeburg, and the Manning Guards. The Newberry Rifles having been guilty of insulting the Commander-in-Chief, while under arms, was dismissed from the service of the State in disgrace. To show the temper of the people and their abhorrence of mob violence and resistance to law. in less than thirty days after the riot, over one hundred new companies were organized, several of them from the volunteers who came at my call and tendered their services to the State, accompanying the offer of services always with the remark: "Wc pledge our1 CONTINUED ON P \GE FOUR. ] j * THE FERTILIZER BUSINESS. ; 'v^ 173,6951-2 TONS SOLD DURING THE PAST YEAR ? "-'5 By the Companies Operating in South Carolina-?InterestingStatement Showing What Each Company Did, and th? State's Revenue. Columbia. S. C.. Nov. 24.?The fol- . lowing statement, showing the amount ^.privilege tax on fertilizer tags, col^etted for the past year, is interesting in many ways. Besides showing the 7^ revenue derived by the State government from the sale of the tags, it shows also the exact amount of fer tilizers purchased and used by the South Carolina farmers during the year. It farther show? tfie comparative business done by the several companies.operatii^in SouthCarolina underitKe ls,ws bearing on the rob- -r' . - ' ject of fertilizers. The statement is as 1 % fhllnws * Abbeville C;S. OilandFert. A v,'. Co.......^ $; Acme.M^.^).. '^45Q 00 Adams, W^li...... ' * 1 25 Adams, W. W * fe Adams, T. K .. 3 50 Allison & Anderson. Allison & Addison,........ 275 00 ' -J American Fert. Co -50 00 Anderson O. and F. Co 212 50 Armour Packing Co........ 2 50 " AshepooPhos. Co.... 2,387 50 * .-Li TM n. nn Asiuey.THUS. JW w Atlantic Phos. Co 1,525 00 Atlantic and Virginia Fert : Co f 75 00 Augusta Guano Co 150 00 Baldwin Fert Co 650 00 Barnwell Oil Co 70 00 Berkeley Phos. Co 1,687 00 Bleckley and Fretwell 12 50 BowkerFeitfCo 25 00 Boykin, Carmer & Co 85 75 Bradley Fert. Co 65 50 Breeden, W. C., Manager.-.. 20 00 - ^ CalderBros 175 00 ^ ^ Charlotte O. and F. Co 250 00 Chesapeake Guano Co 195 50 Chicora Fert. Co 4,275 00 Columbia Phos. Co 1.625 00 Coleman, M. W., & Co 17 50 Comer, Hull &Co 387 50 . Commercial Guano Co 75 00 5 Crosland, Charles 25 00 Darlington Phos. Co 1,325 00 Davie & Whittle ?... 475 00 Dillon C. S. 0. Mill 179 00 Durham Fert. Co 175*00 , Edgefield OH Co 100 00 Elberton Oil Mill 324 57 Ellis, Charles 25 00 Edisto Phos. Co 2,650 00 Etiwan Phos. Co. 425 00 Fairfield O. ana F. Co....*. 65 00 Florence C. S. O. "Will 75 00 Georgia Chemical Works.... 1,075 00 GeorgiaC. 0. Co 100 00 Globe Phos. Co 1,125 00 Greenville Fert. Co 2,925 50 ; v Greenwood Oil MUl 75 00 Holmes, W. H 44 00 Imperial Ferfc. Co ... 2.775 00 Jtfl Lee, Alfred S 13 50 Lipscomb, E. M., & Co R 25 Marion Oil Mill Ce. 50 00 McCall, C. S 87 50 Meares, Thomas D., Agent.. 100 00 Mt. Airy Mfg. Co .. ? 12 50 Nevassa Guano Co..... 625 00 Newberry C. S. O. M. and: F. Co 325 00 M Newton, H. H 6 38 Newton, Smith. 3 10 North Carolina C. O. Co.... 83 75 ~ Ober, G. & Sons, Co.,. 22 500 uii ana jtf'ert. Uo., JLaurens, S. C . 50 00 m Old Dominion Guano Co.. 100 00 Orangeburg Oil Mill 125 00 Powers, GxLbes & Co.. 912 50 ? Rasin Fertilizer Co 500 00 Read Fertilizer Co 1?200 00 Reese. John S. & Co 112 50 . Rice Bros 72 00 Roach, "Win., & Sons 2 25 Rucker, P. J........ 5 00 Sams, S. P. A. 5 46 Savannah Guano Co.' 75 50 A <a n n a ;n<? ^ w. v. V. V. W., VJlCCUTUiV, s s. C 100 00 jg South Carolina C. 0. Co.... 740 00 Scott, G. W., Mfg. Co 50 00 fjg Seneca 0. and Fert Co 5 00 Southern C. O. Co 737 50 - J Soutler, Charles B ?.... ,4-25 J! Stono Phosphate Co........ 2,337 50 H Stokes, J. W -... 3 75 St Matthews M. &. W. Co.. 205 00 Stubbs, Tyson & Co 19 50 Sweet, R. N. 30 00 Thompson, R. SM Agent 15 00 . >|i Tinsley, Jas. G., Co 125 00 Travers, S. W.' & Co 700 00 Togert, Allen Fert Co....... 101 25 Union 0. and Mfg. Co.?.... 150 00 _jgj?m Wando Fert Co 1,625 00 Wateree 0. mill.72 50 Wappoo Mills 475 00 Wilcox, Gibbes & Cn.., .?rr~^5 X>^ Wilmington Compress & Co. Wfg 25 00 Zell Guano Co 25 00 Total for fiscal year 1892-94 $43,423 88 DiTeraiiied Fannin* Pay*. What intelligent cultiire and thrift _ ^ will do on the farm is saown by thefollowing statement, taken ^from The vv ummgxon, in. v^., oifj, oi xne product of a one-horse farm,- for which Col. M. McRea, of Robeson county, was awarded the preminm at the Border Exposition of the Carolinas, held at Maxton, Oct. 31st and Nov. 1st and 2d: 529 bushels corn at .80.......$423 00 52 bushels peas at .80 41 60 Hi bushels wheat at 1.C0 11 50 17? bushels rye at 1.25 21 87 su ousneis oats at .eu. 4? uu 6.000 pounds fodder at .80 48 00 6,000 pounds pea vine hay at .50 30 00 ^ 15 bales cotton (7,500 lbs) at .05 375 00 450'.bushels cotton seed at .15.. 67 50 50 bushels potatoes at 40...... 20 00 J 900 pounds pork at .10 90 00 Dairy and poultry 50 00 115 gallons wine at 1.00 115 00 $1,341 47 EXPENSES. Fertilizers $216 80 Labor in making and gathering 313 50 On/3 CA (V\ Ps^VVVA wuu xvvu ??? w vv 610 30 Net profit $731 17 Here is a net profit of $731.17 as lowas the price of cotton is, on a one-horse farm. The secret of the profit mil be found, outside of thrifty management, in the diversified crops, every one of which added to the increase and profit of the worker. If he had confined himself to cotton, says The Star, he * could have made no suck satisfactory exhibit as this, however hard he might have vrorked or well he might have