The Fairfield news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1881-1900, December 05, 1894, Image 1
ji VOL. XLIX. WINNSBORO, 8. G, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 5, 1894. NO. 17. ^
v the general assembly
BOTH HOUSES ORGANIZE AND PROCEED
TO BUSINESS.
Officer* and Drawing for Scats.
Speaker Jones Re-elected?Dr. Pope Presents
a Petition?A Number of Bills
Introduced.
. Columbia, S. C., Nor. 28.?Both
Houses of the General Assembly met
in annual session yesterday at noon
and proceeded to organize. In the
Senate, after prayer, tne organization
of the body wasltegun by calling the
roll of the old members. The new
members were then called up, ranged
in a semi-circle in front of the Presi
dent's liesic ana sworn m. oenawr
John R. Harrison, of Greenville, was
elected as president pro tem.
The election of clerk of the Senate
to succeed Dr. Sampson Pope was
v.. then in order. Senator Mayfield
nominated Gen. R. R. Hemphill* Senator
Byrd Mr. R. M. McCown, and
Senator Efird Mr. J. A. Sligh. The
vote on the first ballot was as follows:
For Hemphill?Barnwell, Barton,
Brice, Buist, Dennis, Fuller, Mayfield,
Miller, McCalla, McDaniel, Morris, Ra*
<rir> Sanders. Turner. Wilson?15.
For McCown?Brown, Bvrd, DerFinlev,
Harrison, forkland,
^^khouse, Verdier, Williams?9.
^^^^M^^lligh?Douglass, DuBose, Efird,
Mauldin, Moses, Mower,
"*^oan, Stribling, Watson?11.
h KW fJfi._T?ie"second ballot these changed
H Hl from McCown to Hemphill: ! Brown,
8 Bk Finlev, Verdier and Williams, which
[I with the vote of Senator Walker, who
ft came in after the first ballot, gave
him 20 votes. These changed from
SlcCown to Sligh; Bvrd, Derham,
larrison, Kirkland and Stackhouse,
Riving him 16. The distinguished edHtor
of the Abbeville Medium was acBbordingly
declared elected clerk, and
HraSflvcame forward to take the oath of office.
rr KJL tuo jA/OilUVAi. v* w^/J.^wkUv ?n
J. C, Elliot, ir.cumbent, and J. E.
Smith were nominated. The vote was
Elliot, 29; Smith., 8.
For reading clerk, W. H. Stewart,
R L. Gunter and N. K. Perry were
nominated. If was proposed that
each candidate be given a trial at
reading. This was done and afterwards
a vote taken, which resulted in
Stewart receiving28 and Gunter and
Perry 4 each. The body showed a
proper discrimination.
The President of the Senate was authorized
to make the same number and
character of appointments as at the
sessions of 1892 and 1893.
The same rules which governed the
Senate at tiie last session were aaopied.
i
President Timmerman announced
the following appointments:
Journal clerk, Jesse T. Gantt; doorj
mm keeper, Thomas Whittle; assistanV^j
R. jBoyles; bill clerkjJBT^CTrerry,
door-keeper in. gallery, Marion Dorn;
assistant, S. M: ' ">tt; pages, Ed L.
McDaniel and Oaluwell Smith; postal |
clerk, E. O. Jenkins.
k ^ - Tb^-?rr?->rr.Tnitf^. which waited, on
?txovernor Tillman returned and informed
the Senate that the Governor
would communicate with the Senate
to-day.
* >.
The Senate was ready to adjourn until
today, but Senator Mower had
. something to say before it quit busi" v
ness. He arose and introduced a petition
signed by Dr. Sampson Pope.
This petition sets forth that the recent
election for Governor was an illegal
and fraudulent one and in violal
tion of the Constitutions of this State
fc?r and of the United States.
The petition next charges managers
ft of the election with all kinds of frauds,
W even to taking Pope ballots out of
boxes and substituting Evans ballots
| in their places. Supervisors of registration
are also charged with fraud,
and the indictment includes mighty
near everybody in the State except
those who voted for Pope. *
John L. M. Irby, Governor Tillman,
.Ormotny -Tnlm llirv Evans and the
County Democratic Executive Committees,
are charged with being parties
to frauds. Governor Tillman is
charged with backing up the alleged
frauas by the use of officers of the
law.
Dr. Pope most solemnly declares
that had it not been for these frauds
he would have gotten there like Eli
and would have been the next Governor.
Dr. Pope says he stands ready
to prove these frauds.
Accompanying the petition was a
Wf cofRarrent resolution that Dr. Pope
be heard before each body of the Genk
eral Assembly and that he have power
summon witnesses to prove his alleHg??tions;
that pending said contests the
H^v^jturns for Governor shall not be
-ftenedand tabluatea.
^Ee^^TiThe petition ana tne concurrent
B~: solution will ?oto the Committee on
P^vileges and Elections when it is apTHE
HOUSE ORGANIZED.
The first business in the House after
the members had been sworn in and
HI had signed the roll was the election of
Bv- a Speaker. Hon. IraB. Jones of LanBf
"caster was nominnated for re-election.
No one else was nominated and Mr.
Jones received every vote cast. In acV
cepting the position Mr. Jones made a
graceful ana appropriate speech to the
House. He thanked the body for the
honor and said that ;the gratitude he
felt was intensified bj- the fact that the
election was so unanimous and hearty.
^ He thought from what he could see of
the body over which he was to preside
that the State was in honorable and
patriotic hands.
"The first business before the House,"
said Speaker Jones, "is the election of
a Clerk."
The nominees for this position were
Gen. J. W. Gray, incumbent, and Mr.
George R. Koester editor of the Columbia
Register. General Gray was nomi^
nated by Representative Watson of
Anderson.
Mr. Koester was nominated by Rep
resentative Mcl^aurin of Marion.
The vote resulted 110 to 11 in favor
L ^ "> ^ J ^ J 1 1
i OI irenerai vjray ana ne was uwiarcu
' elected^
For Serjeant-at-Arms, the present
|p" incumbent, Mr. Stansell, was opposed
* by Messrs. -McCarley and Bullock.
The vote resulted: Stansell 90, Bullock
30, McCarley 14.
At this point a messenger was announced
from the honorable Senate.
This messenger was Clerk Hemphill,
who stated to the House that the Senate
was organganized and ready for
business.
The House proceeded with its elecFtions.
Reading Clerk Withers, a
^ most efficient officer, was re-elected
? i
WlbULUUt
^ For Chaplain of the House two ballots
were necessary before Rev. L. T.
K Carroll was elected. The nominees
were Rev. E. A. Wingard. Rev. J. H. <
Tillinghast and Rev. L. T. Carroll.
The first ballot resulted: Tillinghast j
32, Carroll 37, Wingard 30. The second
ballot resulted: Tillinghast 2">,
Carroll GS, Wingard 30.
Speaker Jones made the following
appointments at the same time stating
that the remaider of the positions
would be filled to-day: Assistant Clerk,
S. W. Vance; Journal Clerk, W. W.
Rice;Bill Clerk. T. C. Hamcr; Keeper
of the Speakers Room. James \Y.
Gary: Door,keepers, J. K. Witlierspoon
Peier Sanders, Hugh W. Toy lor.
The usual committee was appointed
to wait upon the Governor and it returned
with a message that lie would
communicate with the House to-day.
The House had more fun than a
little drawing for seats after it had
finished its other work. Under the
rules the names of the counties are put
in a liat. A slip is drawn out. The
county whose name is on it lias first
choice at seats; the secon county second
choice; the third county has third and
so on. The members pick their seats
and always take what they think are
the best.
York County won the first choice in
the drawing, Clarendon secured second
and Kershaw third. The members of
these counties all picked good seats
near to and on the centre aisle and
about midway up the aisle. Charleston
was near the last and the JBarnwell
delegation got last choice. They had
to take seats -wherever any were left
and are a badly divided lot of men.
ASHES AND TWISTED IRON.
All that Remains of the Wrecked s. C. ami
G a. Train.
Columbia, S. C., Dec. 1.?The State
yesterday morning gave all the details
possible concerning the terible accident
which befell the night fast mail
train on the South Carolina and Georgia
road, while en route from Charles1
" * . _ ?:i_ i_
ton to tins city, just aoouia- mue u?low
Kin^ville, a station about thirty
miles below Columbia. But the half
was not told. All that now remains
of the handsome trail!, which was flying
along the track about 9:45 o'clock
on Thanksgiving night, is a little pile
of ashes and some twisted steel and
iron. The wreck, strange as it may
seem, entails a loss of $75,000 on the
railroad company. There was one
coach on the train?the first class car
?which was worth ?20,000, being the
finest that the company possessed. It
seems a perfect miracle that not a single
life should have been lost, when
the circumstances are considered. The
ugliest feature/)? the whole affair is
that the wreck was the result of a deliberate
attempt on the part of some
fiend to throw the train down an embankment
at the most dangerous spot
/vn tVici fnr flip accident was due
to an open switch, and it was soon discovered
that the swii;ch had not only
been thrown _jonen, but had been
'"wedged so that it would remain open.
The piace where the accident occurred
was just where the "Y" turns off
from the main line leading to the
Camden branch. Just at this point is
the highest embankment on the line
of the road. The train, in charge of
Conductor Speisiggc? and Engineer.
Heao, was speeding along here at the
rate of thirty miles an hour, there being
a good load of passengers aboard
the first-class car. The engineer is a
very careful man. The engine hit the
open switch and flew the track. It ran
alonj? the cross ties about 25 yards.
and then keeled over, rolling down
the enbankment and t urning completely
over. The engineer ducked his
head down close to his seat and
stuck to his box. That was all that
saved his life, for the combination
mail and express coach came down on
the engine, the express end crushing
through the top of the cab and resting
against the firebox, while the rest was
high in the air. The combination baggage
and second-class coach ran half
way down, but rested against a telegraph
pole and stopped. The first-class
coach was derailed and the air breakes
falling suddenly by the severance of
the pipes, the lives of the passengers
were thereby saved. Those in the firstclass
car snransr to the door to see
flames issuing from the cars down the
embankment and spreading with remarkable
activity. They had caught
from the firebox and the overturned
stoves. All 'sought immediately for
the injured. A11 breathed easier when
they found that the engineer had
crawled out, with but a few scratches
through a hole in his cab, that Express
Messenger J. M. Collins was all right,
andjthat all theother oocupants of the
forward cars had escaped unhurt. The
express messenger went back into the
burning car and pulled out his safe
and what bundles he could. The rest
was all destroyed. All the baggage
ni'l offon+c /vf fVio no ccp-n OrPTK; wprp
dUU VAiWfO VJk C iiv J^UWVVU^VAV ? ? ? V
saved. All of the contents of the mail
car were saved. In a very few moments
the flames had spread over all
the cars and it was but a very little
while before the entire train was destroyed.
The passengers walked about a mile
up to the station at Kingville. The
special train, which left here about
11:45, arrived, and taking them aboard,
came on back to the city, reaching
here at 3 a. m. There was real thanksgiving
expressed by every one aboard
the ill-fated train that no one had
been injured in the terrible accident
of Thanksgiving night.?State.
The Bicycle Girl's Costume.
The sensational World newspaper
is publishing many columns of letters
daily for and against the use of bicycles
by women. * 'Is bicycling immodest?''
Is the question debated. Some
of the critics declare that they could
notpossibly fall in love with a girl on
a wheel?she looks too masculine by
far. Others says that young men
teach young girls to ride and hug
them, under the pretense that they are
merely keeping them from falling off
?which is just awful, of course. Others
are shocked at the sight of "bloomers"
flirting: up and down the avenues,
although they see nothing improper
in the ^bathing suits worn at the seashore.
Now there is no denying that
the "bloomer/" costume in the eyes of
a Christian is the very ugliest a girl
can wear. The prettiest girl in the
world with a cap on her head, her
trousers stuffed in her boots, as it were
and working away on the pedals of a
bicycle for dear life looks like a fool.
But that costume is r ot immodest and,
besides, very few women here wear it.
Most of them wear long skirts, sit up
straight on their wheels and move
along the roads with a grace and dignitv
which puts to shame the fro^-like
gyrations of the male riders.
In some portions of Texas it does not
pav to have the cotton picked and it is
being1allowed to fall outon the ground;
and m some portions of Oregon, fields'
of wheat, containing hundred of acres'
are left unharvested. I
/- i
- .1
~ HIS LAST MESSAGE. "
GOV. TILLMAN ADDRESSES THE LEGISLATURE
THE LAST TIME.
A Report that Will be Ke:?l Witk Iuterest
by all, Whether Conservative or Tillmanitc?What
the Governor Kas Say
About Public Matters.
Gentlemen of the General Assembly:
I herewith present to your
honorable bodies this my fourth and
last Annual Message. Since my induction
into office four years ago, the
administration of the Executive Department
has been beset with difficulties.
Complex problems have forced
themselves forward for solution; reforms
of a radical nature have been
accomplished; abuses of long standing
have been corrected, or attempted
to he corrected, and the natural-result
has been that the period from March,
1800, to 1S95 has been one of intense
political activity, and will mark an
epoch in our annals to which the future
historian of the State must devote
more than a passing glance. During
this time there has been no perfunctory
performance of routine official duties
in the Executive office. The irrepressible
conflict between capital and
labor?between the corporations and
money on the one hand, and the people
on the other?which is fast mar
shaling the American people into opposing
political armies, lias been
waged here in South Carolina with
relentless fury. But, thank God,
Machiavelian cunning' and unscrupulous
political methods have been met
by honest patriotism and unflinching
regard for duty. The people have sustained
our eil'orts to make reform
mean something, and the victory lias
been with the State administration in
every essential particular. The corporations
have been forced to bow to
the rule of right and justice. The lawless
have been taught that a statute of
the State cannot with impunitv be annulled
by a mob. Equality of "burden.
wjtii eqality of benefit ana equality or
opportunity, is now more nearly a
rule than at any other period in our
recent history; and the march of
progress, while over rough roads, has
been steady. The people of the State
govern; the majority rules, and the
advance in education, in temperance,
in all that goes to make up a higher,
better civilization and a more prosperous,
happy people, is marked. No unprejudiced
man can deny it. No
truthful man who will deal with facts
will deny it.
The representatives of the once privileged
classes will protest most vehemently.
The newspapers owned or
subsidized by the liquor dealers will
continue to howl and gnash their
teeth in ra^e that the godless traffic is
being slowly but surely taken from
tXICir UilLZXUiS U.I1U WULUICU nibULU jgasonable
and lawful bounds. But the
great mass of plain, business workingmen
and farmers know that what I
state is true.
I cannot expatiate or go into details,
but a brief recapitulation of the things
which have been accomplished by the
Reform movement in South Carolina
can l>est show the truth of what I assert.
They are:
1st. The erection and endownmcnt
of Clemson College.
- 2d. The overthrow of the Coosaw
monoply.
3d. The just and equitable assessment
of taxes on railroads and other
corporations, and the victory in the
Courts compelling them to pay.
4th. The passage of the Dispensary
law and the destruction of the barrooms.
5tli. Refunding of the State debt,
which saves $78,000 a year in interest.
6th. The establishment of the Winthrop
Normal and Industrial College
for Women.
7th. Election of the Railroad Commissioners
by the people, and allowing
them to fix passenger and freight
rates.
8th. The inauguration of the Primary
system of party nominations
for all offices in the gift of the people.
The last is not a function of government.
and belongs rather to party
management; but" by and through it,
and the battle fought to obtain it, all
the rest have come. By those who
have fought us so doggedly it will be
charged that the unity of the white
race has been destroyed, the Democratic
party riven asunder, and the
kindly feeling of our people for each
other replaced by factional bitterness
anci. strife.
Be it so. The blame rests with those
who, while claiming to represent the
masses, were entrenched in our high
places as the tools of corporations,
and advocates of special privileges for
the few and political slavery and financial
servitude for the many. Perish
the Democratic party of tx>th the
State and Nation, if Democracy does
not mean the greatest good to the
greatest number, and the rule of the
majority. Let white unity go if the
bond -which binds us is not that of
brethren with equal rights, but links
aristocratic privilege and the claim of
inheritance by divine right, to a servile
surrender of the rights of freemen.
The National Democracy betrayed
the people and broke all of its
pleclges. It has been given a deserved
chastisement, if not a death stroke, by
the voters. But the State Democracy,
although stabbed in the back by white
men calling themselves "our best people''
and the only "true Democrats,"
! lias triumphed over Bourbonism and
treachery. The presence in these halls
of an increased number of Reformers
| show that the people are content with
the Government as it has been administered,
and intend to continue the
policy I have pursued. Freedom and
tyranny cannot revolve in the same
orbit in an elective government, unless
the tyrant is 011 top. The position
having been inverted by the election
of 2890, placing the tree people on top
and the tyrants below, the natural Republicans
among our white people?
the believers in special privileges and
class legislation?have sloughed off
into a party of their own and have,
gone to the negroes at last. They
have not been content, however, to
go in decent silence and vote as they
pleased. But remembering the possibilities
of the election machinery of
their own contrivance, and how they
had cheated in elections in the past,
they have raised one general chorue
of "Fraud!" "Fraud!" all over the
State: and this without producing any
reputable witnesses to prove a single
allegation, and in face of the fact that
no motive for fraud is shown, and the
vote the slightest on record.
It is a disgraceful spectacle that
South Carolinians will so slander
their own State; but political malice
awl lying- for money can accomplish
(i \
a great deal of noise in the public |
prints. The Courts are open to them,
the law provides for contests before
the County Canvassers and State
Board. But they have not dared attack
the legality of the election before
either tribunal, except at a few precincts
which could not change the result.
They simply charge fraud over
anonymous signatures, or through the
moutlis of brazen tools bought to do
the dirty work of slander.
mis cry or iraua, unaer me circumstances,
can only emanate from hearts
reeking with fiendish malice and envy,
or it is paid for by the whiskey
ring, which organized the bolt and
furnished the campaign fund. The
vote was very light, because the people
were not aroused and did not
know of the intended coup cVetat of
the allied Republicans and Independents
; but when it is remembered that
the same managers who returned Evans'
majorities returned large adverse
votes against the Constitutional Convention,
which was specially linked*
to his candidacy, it can be seen how !
unreasonable and false is the accusa-1
tion of ballot box stuffing and false J
counting. If there had been any concerted
or organized purpose to cheat
among the managers, these contradictory
votes would not have been returned.
I assert that the election was
as fair and marked by as few irregularities
as any ever held in the State
since the reconstruction period.
But I cannot refrain from congratulating
the people upon the opportunity
now offered, after long, weary '
years of waiting and struggle, to put
our beloved State beyond the reach of ;
ignorance and vice in controlling elections.
The Constitutional Convention has ,
been called by popular vote, though j
t n ^
oy a siiiau majority, jti wui wm
duty to provide for the election of delegates
to it, and to appropriate a sum
or money for defraying its expenses.; ,
This is an additional achievement, by
and through the Reform movement, (
which will have more to do with the ,
future weal and woe of our commonwealth
than any or all the rest I have
heretofore enumerated. It is a fitting
capstone to the triumphal arch which
the common people have erected to
liberty, progress and Anglo-Saxon
civilization since 1S90.
There is one aspect, of the convention
expenses to which I would direct
your attention: The per diem of its
members should be not more than
two dollars per day and one railroad
mileage to and from Columbia. If the
people are wise, they will select, for
the difficult and delicate task of framing
a new Constitution, the very wis*?
1 i T 1
ect, purest ana Dest men we nave, anu
pav them only enough to defray actual
expenses. In the very nature of
things, the Constitution to be framed
will be largely the work of a few leaders,
and tne main business of the
great majority of the delegates will
be to discuss, and reject or adopt, the
suggestions thus presented. This will
be a work of considerable length, but
it will be done much sooner and better,
and the work will be pressed -to '
conclusion at much less cost to J-'rz ,
taxpayers, if every delegate is made
to contribute his time free of cost to
the State. Any man who is not willing
to attend to this patriotic work at
actual cost to himseu is unworthy to
sit in the body.
If this suggestion is followed, there
will be no temptation to prolong the
session. Every one will work to get
through as soon as possible.
It is' not desirable that the work
should be hurried, but it is altogether
necessary to have it cost as little as
possible.
THE DISPENSARY LAW.
I have mentioned the Dispensarylaw
as one of the measures which will
signalize the Reform administration.
I speak advisedly when I say that no
new and untried experiment in legislation
has ever gained so many friends
in so short a time and taken such deep
root in the popular heart. The law
has come to stay, and it will depend
on its enforcement and administration
whether it shall spread to other States
or not. It is the one question of greatest
public interest at this time, and I
shall necessarily devote much space
to it.
The liquor dealers have resisted its
enforcement and tried to evade it by
every device that cunning and greed
can suggest; and thev have had as active
sympathizers a large proportion
of the people and police of nearly all
the cities and towns in the State.
There have been some notable and
praiseworthy exceptions, and I take
pleasure in mentioning Abbeville,
Chester, Edgefield and Orangeburg as
affording no aid or comfort to the illicit
sellers of liquor, except during
the time when the law was suspended
?x?+J/vn s\f Qmromo (Vvnyf.
LTV Li_lO avuvu vrx I/AAV/ v.
'The statute, as amended by the last
Legislature, has proven very satisfactory
as a means of stopping the illicit
traffic, but there are some defects
which I shall point out later on, and
recommended changes to correct them.
As soon as the General Assembly
adjourned and the new Dispensary
Act went into effect, I set about actively
to enforce it to the letter. Detectives
were employed to obtain evidence,
the constabulary was increased
by adding picked men to the force,
and a vigorous crusade begun to drive
the "blind tigers" from the State. If
it had not been for the animosities engendered
by politics, and the determination
of political partisans to sustain
the liquor dealers in every way possible,
it is not likely that the tragedy
which followed would have ever occurred.
Some of the newspapers began
early in January to educate the
public mind to resistance to the searcli- J
ing of private dwellings; and men i
were taught to believe that this was I
an invasion of their liberties to which j
they should not submit. It is needless;
to sliow the fallacy of this contention, I
because it is readily seen that if a man |
may turn his private dwelling into a i
den from which he can sell liquor, or
a depot from which to supply it, without
the right to search and seize it
under warrant, the law would be a
nullity.
There is every evidence going to
show that there was a preconcerted
arrangement or conspiracy, with ramifications
in many counties, to precipitate
a conflict with the constables, and
by butchering them intimidate others
from carrying out the law. The purpose
of those directing the conspiracy
was, to inflame the public mind to
such an extent that the militia could
ni-it Ko Tol-io/l nruvn fr> assist, tho civil I
authorities, and thus to bring the law
and State Government into contempt.
The place selected to precipitate the '
conflict was Darlinsrton. One of the j
constables stationed" at this point re- <
ported the bold and open violation of<
the law and asked for assistance. J <
1 Three picked men were sent him the i <
last week in March. When these four
attempted to execute search warrants,
they were hooted, jeered at and treated
with every indignity, and forced
to retire from the streets to prevent a
conflict. I telegraphed Chief Constable
Gail lard, in Charleston, to go to
Darlington with all available men,
which he did, carrying with him
enough men to make his force in all
twenty-two. Some few of these were
armed with Winchesters, but most of
them had only their private side arms.
He called on the Sheriff to assist in
serving' pnnx*NbCS, auu u^cu c\cry |n;d"
sible precaution to prevent a conflict
with the citizens; and the AttorneyGeneral
was sent to the spot to advise
and direct his movements.
The conspirators had armed themselves
with improved weapons, and
had called in reinforcements from the
barkeepers and their hangers-on from
the neighboring tovrns of Florence
and Sumter. A mass meeting of the
citizens of three places was held in
the Court House at Darlington, and
resolutions were passed denouncing
the searching of private residences,
under whatever circumstances, as an
act of tyranny, to be resisted at all
hazards.
On Thursday, the 29th, I received
intelligence of such a threatening
character that I wired Capt. Thomas,
of the local military companv, to keep
his men under arms and hold himself
subject to the orders of the Sheriff.
In a very little while I received advices
that a mob had broken into the armory
of the Darlington Guards, and
had taken their guns; and fearing that
the local company could not be relied
upon, I ordered tne Sumter Light Infantry
to proceed to Darlington as
soon as possible bv special train. This
order was promptly obeved. the company
reaching there thursday evening.
The state of excitement among
the citizens was intense, and I expected
every moment that a conflict would
be brought on; but I insisted that the
Chief Constable and Sheriff should
complete the service of all search warrants.
I was on my way to attend a
meeting of the Clemson College Trustees
when these telegrams were sent.
Friday morning earlv, the AttorneyGeneral
advising it, I ordered the
Sumter company home. I have always
regretted doing this, because I
believe that, had they remained there
until th? constables had left, the firebrands
who were spurring the citizens
on to resistance, and trying to bring
on a riot, would have failed.
With the conflict at the depot between
the citizens and the constables?
who had finished their work and had
gone to take the train and were followed
by the citizens, and the riot
brought on in which two citizens were
killed and two wounded, and one
constable.killed and two wounded.one
very seriously?every one is familiar.
The whiskey rebellion had broken
out in full fury: and for twenty-four
hours men held their breaths, not only
in this State but throughout the whole
United States, for it appeared that we
were on the verge of civil war.
Fearing trouble, I had cut short
A-y visit to Clemson and hurried
home Friday. I had scarcely reached
the Executive Mansion when, at
five o'clock P. M., I received a
dispatch announcing the terrible tragedy.
And then the conspiracy,
which had its orgin in the false teaching
of the newspapers, began to unfold
itself. Dispatches flew thick and fast,
and into every town and oamlet in the
State, reached by a telegraph wire,
the news was flashed that the Constable
had provoked the conflict and
shot down the citizens in cold blood,
and were being pursued by two hundred
armed men to be lynched when
caught.
To me there was but one course open,
and that was to restore order and
have the law obeyed. I immediately
provided a special train
to leave Columbia for the scene
of the disturbance, ana oraerea
the three companies in this city, the
company at Sumter and the company
at Manning, to get ready. The orders
were extended to General Farley and
to Colonel Wilie Jones, and they
were urged to hurry. The conspirators
in this city which seems to have immediately
become headquarters, set
actively to work to seduce the soldiers
from their allegiance, and to prevent
them from obeying the order. A large
mob gathered in front of the armory
of the only company, the Governor's
Guards, which really attempted to
obey the order. Inflammatory speeches
were made by leading citizens. All
manner of incendiary talk was indulged
in. Threats to burn the State Dispeniary
were made, and there were
many who, listening to the threats
freely spoken, were even alarmed for
the safety of the Governor himself.
At 9 o'clock I was informed by Colonel
Jones that the men would not, or
could not, obey the order, and shortly
afterwards I received a telegram from
the Captain of the Sumter Light In
fantry, stating that ins company naa
likewise refused to go. (It is but just
to say here that the next morning
Capt. Phelps reported that his company
had returned to their senses, and would
fo to Darlington. They were not sent,
ut kept at home to preserve the peace,
and did good service in guardingsome
of the Constables and protecting the
Dispensarv.) I immediately ordered
General Parley to proceed with the
special train to Charleston, picking
up the Manning company as he went
down, and telegraphed General Huguenin
to order the Fourth Brigade under
arms. About lialf-past 2 o clock Saturday
morning I received an unsatisfactory
reply from that officer, and
next day the following:
"Charleston*, S. C., March 31,1S94.
Gov. B. R Tillman. Columbia, S. C.
"No company in this command will
sustain the Constabulary in their methods
of enforcing the Dispensary law.
This brigade will uphold and defend
the honor of the State, but will not
lend itself to foment civil war among- i
our own brethrin.
"T. A. Huguenin,
' 'Brigadier-General. "
This will show the temper and insolence
of the political warriors who composed
the city companies.
I had been endeavoring for nine
hours to get some of our boasted militia
to move to the point of disturbance
and restore the peace; and to their
everlastingdisgrace be ii said, for the
first time in their history, the oldest
and most noted military organizations
of the State refused to obey orders.
Saturday morning, as soon as the telegraph
otfices were opened, dispatches
were sent to the Captains of nearly
every accessible company in
the State, ordering their men under
arms, and to await orders. Six other
companies refused to obey, or their
officers refused to extened the
order, but the officers of my
companies responded promptly.,
Special trains were arranged
for on the varsouslines of road leading
to Columbia, and and all of the men
west of tlieSantee and Wateree Rivers
were ordered to rendezvous at Columbia
at the earlist moment possible. As
a matter of record and a just recognition
of their patriotic response to the
call of duty, I give the names of the
several commands, with the names of
their commanding oHicers:
ORGANIZED MILITIA.
Manning Guards. Capt. W. C. Davis,
:> omcers unci men.
Morgan Rifles. Capt. W. S. Mitchell,
30 officers and men.
Maxwell Guards. Capt. F. S. Evans,
30 0115061*8 and men.
Gordon Light Dragoons, Capt. H.
J. Harvey, 21 officers and men.
Edgefield Light Dragoons, Capt. J.
R. Blocker, 13 officers and men.
Darling-ton Guards, Capt. H. T.
Thompson. 37 officers and men.
Greenville Guards, Capt. W. P.
Conyers, 14 officers and men.
Butler Guards, Capt J. A. Mooney,
20 officers and men.
Dibble Light Dragoons, Capt. B. H.
Moss, 31 officers and men.
Salley Rifles, Capt. T. C. Steadman,
132 officers ancU'men.
Edgefield Hussars, Capt. S. B. Mays,
122 officers and men.
Palmetto Rifles. Capt. A. W. Oakley,
IS officers and men.
Hampton Guards, Capt. J. 0. Westfield,
24 officers and men.
Santee Rifles, Capt. P. W. Bull,' 31
officers and men.
Fort Motte Guards. Cant. R. M.
Claffj, 14 officers and men.
Abbcrville Rifles, J. L. Perrin, 26
officers and men.
Richardson Guards. Capt. F. H.
Cook, 31 officers and men.
Edgefield Rifles, iCapt. R. S. Anderson,
29 officers and men.
First Regiment Calvary, Col. W.
J. Causey, 43 officers and men.
VOLUNTEERS.
Tillman Guards, Capt. N. N. Hay den
47 officers and men.
Jacksville Voluenteers. Capt. T. J.
TiiiAkfttt. 33 officers and men.
Hemphill Rifles. Capt. R. R. Keinphill,
7 o'iiicers and men.
Mountville Volunteers, Capt. B. H.
Pasley, 47 officers and men.
I Gary Evans Volunteers. Capt Nathan
Porter. 12 officers and men.
Abbeville Volunteers, Capt. R. E.
Cox. 10 officers and men.
Edisto Guards. Capt. J. C. Wise, 33
officers and men.
Laurens Volunteers. Capt. W. C.
Irby, 4G officers and men.
It is gratifying to nok the fact that
many of the officers and men composing
these commands were opposed to ,
the Dispensary law, but they did n. >t
allow political prejudice to seduce
them from the discharge of their duty.
The first company reached Columbia
at 4 o'clock Saturday evening: others
came in during the night, and by Sunday
evening 19 companies, numbering
475 men. had reached,the city. Early
Saturday I had telegraphed to the
Sheriffs of Florence and Darlington
Counties to swear in a posse comitatus
and find the Constables, and afford
them protection. The Sheriff of Darlington
telegraphed me that
he was powerless, and that
nothing but troops could keep
the peace and restore order. During
Friday night a mob had broken
into and destroyed or stolen over half
the stock in the Dispensary at Florence
belonging to the State, and a
similar mob. or some of the same, had
looted the Dispensary at Timmonsville.
Feeling that the emergency was such
j that I could afford to take no chances,
andjknowing the ugly temper of citizens
of this city, who 'passions were
being lashed into fury by the utterances
of The State newspaper, I had on Saturday
telegraphed several of the most
accessible Counties, calling for volunteers
among the citizens to come to
Columbia and support the Government
in its efforts to restore peace and
enforce respect for the law. During
Saturday night and Sunday these
volunteers,*w!io had left their business
of o mnmonfc HfYticn to llllTTV to the
rendezvous, came pouriug in on every
train; while notices by wire of hundreads,
and even thousands, who were
ready to respond, were received by
Monday morning. I had to countermand
the orders Monday morning,
and decliene any further assistance but
about three hundred came in during
Sunday and Sunday night. All of
the troops and volunteers, as fast as
they reached the city were marched inside
the Penitentiary walls and placed
under the strictest discipline. Gen. R
N. Richbourg, who had been given
command, and who deserves great
praise for his prompt action and soldirely
bearing throughout the trying
crisisdid all that was possible for their
comfort. Col. W. A. Neal, the efficient
Superintendent of the Penitentiary
ana Commissary-General on my staff,
exerted himseif to the utmost to furnish
food and shelter. It was a happy
thought putting the men in me renitentiary,
as thereby they kept isolated,
and conflict between them and the
citizens prevented. And but for the
appliances for cooking which the Penitentiary
afforded, it is difficult to see
how the men could have been fed
Sunday morning the news from the
scene of the disturbance was still of
the most disquieting nature. The Constables
were said to be surrouuded;
some of them were said to have been
killed, and it was reported that it was
the fixed purpose of the Darlington
mob to lynch all of them: while armed
bodies of citizens from Florence and
Sumter were reported guarding
every road to prevent their
escape. General Farley, having
failed to get any troops in Charleston.
dismissed Captain Davis of the
Manning company, who had succeeded
in getting together only nine or ins
men, and proceeded to Darlington
alone under my orders. He reported
things quiet in the town, but gave no
account of the Constables.
Saturday morning, realizing that I
had to deal with a dangerous situation,
and being resolved to uphold the dignity
of the State Government and enforce
obedience to the law. I issued a
proclamation, which I had telegraphed
to and bulletined at every station in
the Counties of Darlington and Florence.
declaring these Counties in a
State of insurrection and ordering all
evil-minded persons and unlawful assemblages
to disperse?in effect putting
them uuder martial law. Saturday
evening, finding that special trains
were being used by the
rioters to and from points in the insurrectionary
district, and that the teleV*vr\f
ll/vf" TC-lfVl Q ] ]
^ I dp IX ?X1^0 ?\^AV A1VV HAV14
manner of inflammatory reports. keej>ing
the public mind in an angry excited
state, which threatened to produce
conflict between citizens of differing
political views at other points, I j
notified the authorities of the Coast]
2
| Line Railroad and of the telegrah companies
that I took possession of the
telegraph lines and railroad, forbade
the transmission of any messages except
those on business, and ordered
that no trains should be furnished except
to the State. The telegraph people
objected, the Postal Telegraph
Company reluctantly yielding obedience:
but tfeft^Western Union Company
had to besefrved with an induction
by Jud^e Watts, and afterwards
I took forcible possession by means of
the military. The railroad authorities
consented cheerfully to comply with
on/1 tyitiaVi
LIIC tCI XIIO \JL V4.V,X. , CkULU UiUV.l VI VV?AV
is due this line, as well as all others in:
the State, for the hearty co-operation
whioh they rendered the State Government
in moving the militaand volunteers.
Sunday evening, having arranged
for transportation and provided tents,
and commissary stores, I ordered General
Richbourg to take all the uniformed
companies then in the -city except
two?the Edeef Rifles and the
Newberry Riftes?to Darlington bv
special train, which he did, reaching
there at 10 o'clock Sunday night. I
cannot go into details of the military
operations, or rather the occupation of
Darlington and of Flc^SKirduring
the five succeeding day^'Byltonday
night all of the Constables had been
heard from and were safe. This relieved
my own and the public suspense
very much; aDd after keeping the
troops at the two points until the Coroner's
inquest had been held, which
the constables attended in order to
testify, and having had a conference
with some of the leading citizens of
the town of Darlington, from whom
satisfactory assurances were received,
the commanding General advised me
that peace and order were restored,
and the troops were ordered home, being
brought to Columbia before they
were dismissed. They were dismissed
on April 7th, having been paid off in
full. The volunteers and other companies
which had reached the city after
the departure of the troops for
Darlington on Sunday evening had previously
been yaid off, and returned to
their homes oil Tuesday. The total
cost for transportation, subsistence and
compensation of the troops for the entire
affair, including interest till January
1st on the money, -which I borrowed
from the Carolina National
Bank, will be S13.S98.75. The vouchers
and all the papers are in the hands
of the Comptroller-General, and provision
-will have to be made in the nest
Appropriation Bill to pay this sum, to
relieve me and the gentlemen who endorsed
my personal obligation, -which
was given for the money.
A strenuous effort has been made by
the newspapers -which represent the
anti-Dispensary element to show that
there was no need for the expenditure
of this money, and that there was no
need of sending the troops to Darlington
at all. Falsehoods have been
published without number, and every
_ / r_ i ^ t
manner 01 iatuous or speciuus argument
has been used to bolster up the
position. But I do not hesitate to saythat
it is the best spent money that
has every gone through my hands as
Governor; and the demonstration
which was made that South 'Caroliua
had a Governor who had the will,
while he had the moral and physical
backing of enough lovers of law and
order, to repress lawlessness and enforce
respect and obedience to the law,
has been and will be worth to the State
a thousand times what it cost. Remember
that the officers of the State,
bearing the commission of the Chief
Magistrate and in the discharge of
their duty, had been attacked seemingly
by premeditation. They were being
hunted like wild beasts, after the
conflict, for the purpose of lyching. A
jury of the County nas since declared
that the two principals who were indicted
for murder were not guilty;
thus showing that the charges that
they had provoked the riot and
wantonly shot down the citizens
A>leo TVio S+oto'c Yviwrwrtv
Cbl^ K/M?W S?
in the two Dispensaries had been
destroyed or stolen. A large ni.mber
of the crack militia companies of the
State?men who were wont to cover
themselves with glory every Fourth
of July?had point blank refused to
obey orders. What was the spectacle
we presented abroad? What would
have been the effect had I found no
militia to go to Darlington, or, having
found them^had failed to send them
there? Would not the lawless whiskey
element have felt that it had triumphed?
Would not the mob have
a++a/?1t+1%a crfoVi_
1C1 L? CHIUUXUCIICU lAJ DJUL^ wixow*W
ulary elsewhere or have murdered
them in cold blood? How would the
Constables have had the opportunity
to attend the inquest? How could
they have gone to trial in the County
without danger of being murdered?
But I will not waste further time in
arguing the wisdom and necessity of
my action. The people have sustained
me in this, as they have in all my efforts
for the State's welfare, and I can
afford to leave the newspapers and the
men belonging to the militia, whom
they encouraged to disgrace themselves,
and whom they have since
tried to vindicate, to a mutual admiration.
The newspapers must admire
the devotion to duty, the discipline
and the moral courage of the troops.
The troops cannot help having a high
appreciation of the patriotism, wise
counsel and <rood sense of the editors.
If our bonas are at a premium and
v./\I 4a CAAlr ir>nAoftr>Ar>-f
avi axxaxu iv iuvcouuvuv
in South Carolina, it is not because the
militia of Charleston, Columbia and
other towns refused to obey the orders
of the Governor; but because the militia
of Spartanburg, Greenville, Edgefield
and other counties responded at
a moment's notice to the call of the
State. It is because the sturdy farmers,
mechanics, clerks, merchantsmen
of ever\-calling?dropped everything
and hastened to the Capital to
sustain the Government they had
chosen, and to uphold the law their
representatives haa enacted.
As soon as things had quieted down,
orders were issuea disarming all the
companies which had disobeyed orders.
The Lee Light Infantry'of
Chester, whose Captain had done all
he could to get his company to go, was
reorganized, as were the Eclisto Rifles,
of Orangeburg, and the Manning
Guards. The Newberry Rifles having
been guilty of insulting the Commander-in-Chief,
while under arms,
was dismissed from the service of the
State in disgrace.
To show the temper of the people
and their abhorrence of mob violence
and resistance to law. in less than
thirty days after the riot, over one
hundred new companies were organized,
several of them from the volunteers
who came at my call and tendered
their services to the State, accompanying
the offer of services always
with the remark: "Wc pledge our1
CONTINUED ON P \GE FOUR. ] j
*
THE FERTILIZER BUSINESS.
; 'v^
173,6951-2 TONS SOLD DURING THE
PAST YEAR
? "-'5
By the Companies Operating in South
Carolina-?InterestingStatement Showing
What Each Company Did, and th? State's
Revenue.
Columbia. S. C.. Nov. 24.?The fol- .
lowing statement, showing the amount
^.privilege tax on fertilizer tags, col^etted
for the past year, is interesting
in many ways. Besides showing the 7^
revenue derived by the State government
from the sale of the tags, it
shows also the exact amount of fer
tilizers purchased and used by the
South Carolina farmers during the
year. It farther show? tfie comparative
business done by the several
companies.operatii^in SouthCarolina
underitKe ls,ws bearing on the rob- -r' . - '
ject of fertilizers. The statement is as 1 %
fhllnws *
Abbeville C;S. OilandFert. A v,'. Co.......^
$;
Acme.M^.^).. '^45Q 00
Adams, W^li...... ' * 1 25
Adams, W. W * fe
Adams, T. K .. 3 50
Allison & Anderson.
Allison & Addison,........ 275 00 ' -J
American Fert. Co -50 00
Anderson O. and F. Co 212 50
Armour Packing Co........ 2 50 "
AshepooPhos. Co.... 2,387 50
* .-Li TM n. nn
Asiuey.THUS. JW w
Atlantic Phos. Co 1,525 00
Atlantic and Virginia Fert :
Co f 75 00
Augusta Guano Co 150 00
Baldwin Fert Co 650 00
Barnwell Oil Co 70 00
Berkeley Phos. Co 1,687 00
Bleckley and Fretwell 12 50
BowkerFeitfCo 25 00
Boykin, Carmer & Co 85 75
Bradley Fert. Co 65 50
Breeden, W. C., Manager.-.. 20 00 - ^
CalderBros 175 00 ^ ^
Charlotte O. and F. Co 250 00
Chesapeake Guano Co 195 50
Chicora Fert. Co 4,275 00
Columbia Phos. Co 1.625 00
Coleman, M. W., & Co 17 50
Comer, Hull &Co 387 50 .
Commercial Guano Co 75 00 5
Crosland, Charles 25 00
Darlington Phos. Co 1,325 00
Davie & Whittle ?... 475 00
Dillon C. S. 0. Mill 179 00
Durham Fert. Co 175*00 ,
Edgefield OH Co 100 00
Elberton Oil Mill 324 57
Ellis, Charles 25 00
Edisto Phos. Co 2,650 00
Etiwan Phos. Co. 425 00
Fairfield O. ana F. Co....*. 65 00
Florence C. S. O. "Will 75 00
Georgia Chemical Works.... 1,075 00
GeorgiaC. 0. Co 100 00
Globe Phos. Co 1,125 00
Greenville Fert. Co 2,925 50 ; v
Greenwood Oil MUl 75 00
Holmes, W. H 44 00
Imperial Ferfc. Co ... 2.775 00 Jtfl
Lee, Alfred S 13 50
Lipscomb, E. M., & Co R 25
Marion Oil Mill Ce. 50 00
McCall, C. S 87 50
Meares, Thomas D., Agent.. 100 00
Mt. Airy Mfg. Co .. ? 12 50
Nevassa Guano Co..... 625 00
Newberry C. S. O. M. and: F.
Co 325 00 M
Newton, H. H 6 38 Newton,
Smith. 3 10
North Carolina C. O. Co.... 83 75 ~
Ober, G. & Sons, Co.,. 22 500
uii ana jtf'ert. Uo., JLaurens,
S. C . 50 00 m
Old Dominion Guano Co.. 100 00
Orangeburg Oil Mill 125 00
Powers, GxLbes & Co.. 912 50 ?
Rasin Fertilizer Co 500 00
Read Fertilizer Co 1?200 00
Reese. John S. & Co 112 50 .
Rice Bros 72 00
Roach, "Win., & Sons 2 25
Rucker, P. J........ 5 00
Sams, S. P. A. 5 46
Savannah Guano Co.' 75 50 A
<a n n a ;n<? ^
w. v. V. V. W., VJlCCUTUiV, s
s. C 100 00 jg
South Carolina C. 0. Co.... 740 00
Scott, G. W., Mfg. Co 50 00 fjg
Seneca 0. and Fert Co 5 00
Southern C. O. Co 737 50 - J
Soutler, Charles B ?.... ,4-25 J!
Stono Phosphate Co........ 2,337 50 H
Stokes, J. W -... 3 75
St Matthews M. &. W. Co.. 205 00
Stubbs, Tyson & Co 19 50
Sweet, R. N. 30 00
Thompson, R. SM Agent 15 00 . >|i
Tinsley, Jas. G., Co 125 00
Travers, S. W.' & Co 700 00
Togert, Allen Fert Co....... 101 25
Union 0. and Mfg. Co.?.... 150 00 _jgj?m
Wando Fert Co 1,625 00
Wateree 0. mill.72 50
Wappoo Mills 475 00
Wilcox, Gibbes & Cn.., .?rr~^5 X>^
Wilmington Compress &
Co. Wfg 25 00
Zell Guano Co 25 00
Total for fiscal year 1892-94 $43,423 88
DiTeraiiied Fannin* Pay*.
What intelligent cultiire and thrift _ ^
will do on the farm is saown by thefollowing
statement, taken ^from The
vv ummgxon, in. v^., oifj, oi xne product
of a one-horse farm,- for which
Col. M. McRea, of Robeson county,
was awarded the preminm at the Border
Exposition of the Carolinas, held
at Maxton, Oct. 31st and Nov. 1st and
2d:
529 bushels corn at .80.......$423 00
52 bushels peas at .80 41 60
Hi bushels wheat at 1.C0 11 50
17? bushels rye at 1.25 21 87
su ousneis oats at .eu. 4? uu
6.000 pounds fodder at .80 48 00
6,000 pounds pea vine hay at .50 30 00 ^ 15
bales cotton (7,500 lbs) at .05 375 00
450'.bushels cotton seed at .15.. 67 50
50 bushels potatoes at 40...... 20 00 J
900 pounds pork at .10 90 00
Dairy and poultry 50 00
115 gallons wine at 1.00 115 00
$1,341 47
EXPENSES.
Fertilizers $216 80
Labor in making and
gathering 313 50
On/3 CA (V\
Ps^VVVA wuu xvvu ??? w vv
610 30
Net profit $731 17
Here is a net profit of $731.17 as lowas
the price of cotton is, on a one-horse
farm. The secret of the profit mil be
found, outside of thrifty management,
in the diversified crops, every one of
which added to the increase and profit
of the worker. If he had confined
himself to cotton, says The Star, he *
could have made no suck satisfactory
exhibit as this, however hard he might
have vrorked or well he might have