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I I VOL XLIX. WINNSBOBO, S. C., WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBEB 21 1894. NO. 15. V COTTON IS LOW. V ' A SECOND ARTICLE FROM LAWRENCE ? ? * A f; ? - YUUmnixo. He Review* Past Monetary Condition* and Compares Them With Pi-enent?Free Silver, He Thinks Is One Remedy for the . . . Trouble. lb the Editor of the State: In my previous article I conclusively demon" 1'- r)iV.]inA ill t.flft LblTdltU lLli?l, Uic; ^XCOrV v*w**A*v * jxriee of cotton in 1819 was not due to over-production, but to financial . changes, which resulted in an enor"rarous contraction of the circulating medium and effected the price of all other, commodities in the same ratio. I also'demonstrated that the rise in price, from 1826 to 1836, was not at all due to "diminished production, as the rapid advance took place in the ;_f?ce,: as Professor Sumner says, "of - increasing'production, both here and ""But was the result of large | tiyisdditions to the money volume both her&^nd'in England. The heavy de^cl^e^tvhich began in 1837 and ended ^ in l~8^S-%rices falling from-an average^in 1835. of 17 1-2 cents, to 6 1-2 - '"?ehts'in f$4S, was not due to overpro Auction, but to a repetition of those ^causes,~ which produced the decline from 1819 to 182$?financial changes 'Ms^ich"Wrought a great contraction in ' th^volume of money. In 1829, Pres" -JiehfJackson began his war on the ' TTmted States Bank and, defeating every attempt to renew its charter, terminated it'by the downfall of the ' &nk in 1836, wnen its charter expired. In discussing his ^fto.of the bill to renew this charter in ^$32, the follpwing predictions were made: p; Senator Clayton of Delaware, said, tin a "speech, delivered July 11, 1832: * "In less than four vears the pecuniary' H" distress, the commercial embarrassHf raents consequent upon the desfcrucV tfon of the; United States Bank must exceed anything which has ever been known in our history *. * * bankrupt: cies and ruin, at the anticipation of Hr~ which the heart sickens?must follow in the lone train , of evils which are i . assuredly before us." K| Daniel Webster said: (Works, vol. f 3, page 419.) "I hesitate not to say H? that as this veto travels to the West, it will depreciate the value of every B man's property from the Atlantic Hk States to the. capital of Missouri, its effects will be felt in the price of lands, the great and leading article of Western property; in the price of crops, in the products of labor, in the represLsion of enterprise, and in embarrassment to any kinds of business and occupation." In anticipation of a vacum resulting from the downfall of the United States Bank; the local 'banks had been encouraged by the President to enlarge their issues^-these notes, of questionable validity; beginning to accumulate in the governm?^ Treasury, "whither they had fou^d their "way, in purchase of the pub110 lands, the President inI structea^e Secretary of the Treasury -wa77 Imrra-n "siwift eircu ^ y~?- iai;~ "requiring ail payment ionraxrmr lands to be made in the precious metals. This circular, reviving the demand for gold and silver, destroyed most of the banks which had not government deposits at demand. The subsequent demand for these deposits in 1837, for distribution among the ^ - States, as provided for by the act of 1836, -completed the ruin of the 4'pet banks." The sudden calling in of these deposits, which had been treated by the banks as capital to be loan^ ed, oegan the panic of 1837, which " v fully verified the predictions of Senators Clayton and Webster. In these pressing straits, the banks and business firms of America drew at ^ -?? x-?? "? rvf in _'"ri lOIlg mile, Uli uicir uviu? \jj. vivuiv au Europe, and, failing to meet these obligations, fell, and as they succumbed, ^ : pulled down with them nearly every foreign house that dealt with the Uni ted States. So great was the run upon H the Bank of England ti\at it had to sustain itself by loans effected with some difficulty from the Bank of WF France. The situation was thus pictured by Doubleday, in his "Financial History of England," pages 322, 323: "A scene of bankruptcy ensued that beggars all descriptions * * * A panic took place in England, in the course of which nearly all the houses engaged m tne United States trade were swept away * * * Immense bales of American . paper securities. State stocks, canal w^- stocks, bank shares, railroad shares, Br etc., were sent to E- >pe, pledged for ? what they would bring, and the proL ceeds remitted in gold and silver a^i-oss 11^ the Atlantic to prop the touring paBBF yr-issujng estapl^^mcnis of the vaif rious Stages * * Such at least was W the condition of the coffers of the f Bank of England that she was reduced to beg the assistance from the Bank of France; and the indirect aid of that establishment alone saved her r from ruin." - ! Alison, in dealing with the same crisis in his'history of Europe, vol. 3, 2nd series, pages 314, 315 ana 316 says: "Terror ana distrust universally prevailed; the machine of society, like a huge mill turned by water, which! was suddenly frozen, "came to a stand r* * * A universal run took place upon the banks, which being in a great degree unprovided with cash, in consequence of its-r having been drained away to the banks in the West, were unable to meet the demand for specie * * * Deprived of the wonted resource of discounted bills to meet their, engagements, the greatest, as well as the smallest houses, in all the commercial W?mp hrmlrnmt Two liun dred and fifty houses in New York stopped payment in the first three weeks of &pril and in Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore and the other cities on the coast, the devastation was not less universal. Cotton fell from 14 cents per pound in 1S35, to.7 1-2 cents, ^ all other articles of export in a similar proportion. Soon the distress spread like a pestilence through the various ramifications of society. Public works, railways, canals, were brought to a stand ; the shipwright and builder dismissed their men: the manufactur,. er closed his doors; one sentiment pervaded all classes?the anticipation of universal ruin and individual beggary. * * * Cotton, the great article of common'export, had fallen in consequence o? the measures of government to 4 cents; a pound, being not a third of "what it had been tnree years oeiore, and that; "although the last crop had k been deficient rather than the reI ' verse." L The price of cotton which had avor^ aged 17 1-2 cents in 1S35. declined to 10 1-2 cents in 1S3S and to 6 1-2 cents in 1848. The decline from 101-2 cents in 1S3S, to 6 1-2 cents in 1848, took place on an almost stationary volume, f of production, averaging about two million bales per annum. In 1849, on ! a crop four hundred thousand bales larger than any previously raised the price rose to 8 1-2 cents and continued to rise until it reached 12 1-2 cents, which price it held with sligat variations for the next ten years, in the face of an increasing production that doubled itself in 1S59 and 18'JO. It is the causes that produced this rise and sustained it for the next ten years, in the face of an increasing volume, that soon doubled itself, which I now propose to consider. ! As the crises with which I have so ' *? v from icti ucu.1 \j :uoui(,vu, ? ? changes in the paper circulation, I have not hitherto alluded to the more | imperceptible influences of the volume I of the precious metals. But as they j will hereafter become the must impor"tant factors in guessing the price of cotton, I deem it necessary now to rel trace my steps, and consider their effect upon prices. Adam Smith, "Wealth of Nations," page 193, says: "From .the high or low money price of <*oods in general, or of corn in particular, we can infer only that the mines which at that time happened to supply the commercial world with gold and silver were fertile or barren. That is, the output from the mines governed the supply, and the supply regulated the price. Mr. Jevons tells us that from 17S9 to 1809 gold fell 46 per cent. This de- [ cline in its purchasing power was Kv a Ifu'o-ft augmentation of its "J ? O ^ volume, by an increased production from the mines. But in 1S0S Bonaparte invaded Spain and'as the mother country was overrun, the Spanish American colonies, from whence this increase had been desired, began to assert their independence. The con-j sequent turmoil and unsafety of investment banished capital from the mining: industrj* and the output being diminished by one half, gold rose rapidly in value. 1 Speaking of this dearth of the precious metals aggravated bv the paper contraction of 1S19, R. H. Patterson in his "New Golden A^e," volume 2, [ page 211, says: "Perhaps the most impressive testimony to the strange widespread distress which then lay like a night-mare upon Europe, or indeed upon the whole civilized world, is that borne contemporaneously by the calm-minded philosophic historian; Sismondi, who wrote as follows in 1827, of what he justly called this 'great European calamitv:' 'A cry of distress is raised from all the manu factoring towns of the Old World, and all tne fields of the New World re-echo it. Everywhere commerce is struck with the same languor; everywhere it encounters the same difficulty of selling * * * this period of distress went on, lightening merely for passing moments, until suddenly in 1848, the apprehension of Sismondi was suddenly realized.' All society was shaken to its foundations; governments were overthrown by a wild i-Eomyise, a grasping after some better order of things: and wars and revolutions rolled over Europe, from the Baltic to the Adriatic, and from the Bav of "Risr"- f^*hp Thixine." it was of this epoch, lS35Trtizrf--4fcrrShepperson spoke in Els interview with the New York Tribune, republished a few days age in the oSews and Courier, when he said: "In October, 1S4S, tinder the influences of political disturbances on the contiment, and financial panic in England, the price of middling upland cotton, in Liverpool, was forced to 3 3-8 pence. That was the lowest quotation in the Liverpool market until now, when the price is down to 3 3-32 pence.'' This low price in 1S4S, as we have seen, was not due to overproduction, for its volume had remained nearly stationary for the ten preceding years ?it took place, however, after a forty years dearth of the precious metals which had reduced the price of com modities, cotton included, to nearly one-third of their former value. Professor W. S. Jevons, in his ' 'Money and Mechanism of Exchange," page 325 says: "From 1S09 to 1849 it (gold) rose again in the extraordinary ratio of 100 to 245 or by 145 per cent, ?doing what ??rendering government annuities and all fixed payment extending over this period almost two and a naif times as valuable as they were in 1809." Cotton is now lower by 5-32 of a penny than it was it 184S.v Why is it so low? From the same cause that reduced the price in 184S?a dearth of the money metals. How was this dearth occasioned? By discarding silver from the mints, and thus cutting off one-half, or over, of the natural supply from the mines. Why was this done? To make the dollar unit twice as valuable and to double the ?-^TTaxh /IAAC 'fViic vaiue ui aix uic\uu>. iiwii uw.. double the value of the money unit? It reduces by one-half the metallic basis of nionev and proportionately controls its volume, and as did the contraction occasioned by the panics of 1819 and 1837, reduces by one-half the value of all commodities" Whom does this benefit? All those who live upon the labor of others?the creditor and income classes. Those who receive salaries and annuities, and whose charges are fixed by law or custom. How does it benefit them? It enables them to command twice as much labor and twice as much commodities for the same money. Whom does it injure? All debtors and producers. How? By doubling the burdens of all debts, "taxes and fixed charges and diminishing by onehalf their power to pay them?a condition of affairs which all standard writers agree does more injury to a country than war, famine or pestilence. Is the low price of cotton due to this state of affairs? The comparative shrinkage in the volume of money and consequent depression of the price of all commodities affects cotton to a great extent, but there are other factors which contribute to its alarming depression. What are they? Cotton and wheat, without any corresponding increase of production, have fallen lower in price than most other agricultural products. We have to expect a large surplus and compete with silver standard countries for the markets of Western Europe. Silver having maintained its.purcliasing and debt-paving power in these countries, is worth as much for all domestic purt>oses as it was in 1S73, consequently these silver countries can get just as much* for their wheat and cotton as they could twenty years ago, while we have to sell for about one-tinrcl. in is oonus 011 meir exports has proven just what was predicted by British stat esmen years ago, that the'demonetization of silver would prove the ruin of the wheat and cotton industries of America, and the salvation of those in silver countries. When cotton touched bottom in 1S4S, within 5-32 a penny of the price ^ : to-day, I have been informed by those who remember it that the very same opinion of over-production was entertained. At this time of general depression and business stagnation, when the cause of mankind seemed very much as it does now, almost hopeless, what was it that gave relief?a cotton trust, or a curtailment of production as recommended by Broker Roddey ? No, sir. The only remedy that will give any relief now?an expansion of the currency, a well distributed circulation, sufficiently commensurate with +V.*i nf nnnlaiion and the ex VJUV XliVAVt*w v* w ? pansion of enterprise and industry. In 1848 gold was discovered in large qualities in California, and, in 1851, in large quanties in Australia; the annual increase of the money volume was almost immediately doubled, trebled and nearly quardrupled. The bonds of debt and taxes were relaxed and soon wore off under the prodigious stimulus of renovated industry and general prosperity. This decade, from 1850 to 1860, is still referred to as the most prosperous in our natien's history?the national wealth doubled itself and 36 per cent, over during these ten years. The crop of cotton, amounting to 2,423,000 bales of'47 and 4S and thought to be an over supply as it sold for an average of 6 1-2 cents, was more than doubled, in 1859, and brought about 12 cents. Patterson in his "Golden Age," Vol II. page 22, says: "So the long distress quickly came to an end, and there after was well nigh as mucli forgotten as if it had never existed. More's the pity! For it is by a study of that time that we may best learn to avoid, at no 1 ?x ? wvAMimA'nAa Af fli/i camA uiSLa.ni ua.Lc, a, icviuj. evil anti-industrial and anti-commercial influence * * The gold mines for a while made Euroupe voun^again.-' Said the historian Alison, Vol. IV., 2nd series, page 318: "The annual supply of gold and silver for the use of the globe was by these discoveries suddenly increased from an average of ten million pounds, to one of thirtyfive million pounds. * * * That which for five and twenty years had been awaiting a currency commensurate to the increased numbers and transactions of the civilized world, was now supplied by the beneficient hand of nature. The era of a contracted curunrl fwnspnnAnt low nrices and general misery, interrupted by passing gleams of prosperity'was at an end. Prices rapidly rose; wages advanced in a similar proportion, exports and imports enormously increased, -while crime and misery as rapidly diminished." In my third and last article, I shall attempt to trace the subtile influence that manipulated the mqney volume after the war and its effects upon prices, particularly the price of cotton. I think I shall show that all these catch words, ''honest money," "sound money" and "full value money," partake very much of the nature of the cry of "catch thief," and are ingeniously put forth by the thinking few to hoodwink the unthinking many; and veil the gigantic robbery and dishonesty of the fold standard, which is working the egradation and industrial ruin of our people. Its effects, not so sudden as panics of 1S1?) and 1S37, but with a the "hand 011 the dial plate, in comparison with the expansion of industry and the increase of population, is producing a constant and pitiless contraction that is every day adding to the purchasing power of the money mint and reducing the price of all the products of labor. Taking two dollars for the creditor when only one should be paid by the debtor?it is furnishing a harvest for greedy capital and grasping brokerage tnat is running our homes and pauperizing the great masses of our citizens; ana has nearly reduced us to the Je ws in the time of Nehemaial, the Athenians before the advent of Solon and of the Romans after the first Gallic invasion. This money power seems to control irvH +/-i o errant pvtent.. to lU^JLOiaMVU (?UV?J w w exercise a commanding influence over the press. To us the language of Sallust, "Pecuniam omnibus modis vexant." (They have troubled money in every way) and as was said by Juvenal, "are devouring the people to fhe very bones." L. W7 Youmans. Fairfax, S. C., Nov. 7, 1S9-L Bonds will be Issued. Washington-, Nov. 13.?There is no longer any doubt that an issue of bonds has been definitely decided upon, and it can be stated on good authority " - "? ~ ' 1 Ml T_ _ that a circular asimig ior Dias wujl atj issued during the present week, probably by Thursday. Jt is fully realized that the gold reserve has now reached a point where it could be completely wniped out by a few heavy shipments, and it is thought to be the part of wisdom not to wait until the gold in the treasury is practically exhausted before making an effort to recoup it. Wednesday last Mr. Carlisle, after several consultations with the president, wrote to President Stewart, of the United States Loan and Trust company of New York, reciting the law as to an issue of bonds, and asking his opinion as to which class of bonds could be placed at this time to the greatest advantage to the government. The result of this correspondence was that the president and Mr. Carlisle decided to make the forthcoming issue the same in amount and rate, and, in nearly all other important particulars, the same as the February issue. The circular is now Demg prepuicu, ?nu indications point to an official announcement at once. Judge Killed. Nashville. Tenn.,Nov. 14.?Chancellor Andrew Allison of this city was shot and killed in the corridors of the county court house here at 1 o'clock this afternoon by George Whitworth, ex-clerk and master of the Davidson County Chancery Court. "Whitworth then attempted to commit suicide and idiot will mvVhnTVIv nrAvp n. iilillVtVU M 11UV ?T AAA V VWV.^I v , v ?? fatal wound 011 himself, Whitworth was appointed to his office by Judge Allison and served one term. At the expiration of that term a few days since Judge Allison appointed his son, Granville Allison, to succeed Whitworth. It was this fact that instigated the murder. Judge Allison was reelected to his office of Chancellor in August last. He was as man of about fifty years of age and a member of an old and prominent family. A Queer Suicide. Norwich, Conn., Nov. 14.? Mary Neilson, 25 years old, of Philadelphia, while dining with a party of friends in this city, in response to a toast, laughingly drank a glass of carbolic acia with suicidal intent, and died soon aiterwaros. i\ ox one 01 me party suspected that the liquid -was poison until its fatal result ^svas seen. Grief at the death of her husband led to the act. THE DEATH OF PARKER. AN ORANGEBURG COUNTY INCIDENT OF THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. How a Band of Tories Wa* Dispersed and Itw Leader Killed by a Band of Patriots Under Command of Captain Rumpli?A. Daring Deed. The following interesting story of the Revolutionary War was printed iii the Southern Cabinet in 1840: After the seige and fall of Charleston in the year 1780, and the shameful violation of the articles of treaty by the British officers, the war in South Carolina became essentially of a partisan character. The State "was overrun, but not subdued. Bold spirits arose evervwhere to assert their liberties, ancl they were frequently and instantaneously crushed by a powerful and unsparing foe, and no recollection now survives of themselves or - their deedsbut not all of them thus perished. One fearful contest tradition has preserved, which I will endeavor to record;?a struggle of man with his fellow man?a pursuit? a pistol shot and a death. Captain Jacob Rumph, (known after the Revolution, better perhaps, as' General Rumph,) of Orangeburg dis- j trict, was the commander or a troop of! UtVttirj j i. aiocu iax mo uwiuwiiivvv. ?v , protect themselves and their families, who lost no occasion of aiding their friends or annoying their enemies. They are all gone;?history has not J recorded their names; but few bolder spirits struck for liberty in that eventful war. Captain Rumph was a man of prodigious size and strength, of great courage and coolness in trie hour of danger, and though of a harsh and : imperious disposition, no one was better fitted for the command of the hardy and intrepid men who composed his corps: They were usually dispersed at their ordinary avocations on their farms, but they united at a mor ment's warning from their leader. Not loner after Charleston was taken bv the British, Capt. Rumpli was re-; turning with two of his wagons, which had been sent into Charleston with produce, in charge of a Dutchman named Houselighter; and while slowly | riding in company with his wagons on a small, but strong horse, his mind gloomily brooding over the oppressed and almost hopeiess condition of South i Carolina, he had reached a large pond, on what is now called the old road, about seven miles below the village of; Oran^ebur^, when he was suddenly' rUUSCU U\ tn^ c*?/jsx vavit vi VUAVX/ ?A*V? on horse" back, whom he instantly recognized as his most deadly foes. They were well mounted and armed like himself, with sword and pistoL I When the horsemen haa reached the opposite side of the road to Captain Rumph, they halted for a moment and would have approached him nearer; but he, placing himself in the best posture of defence he could, called out to them: ' 'Gentleman, stand off?I wish to have nothing to do with you." -^Hw>-Torw?, for suclx -xliey?were, surveyed him for an instant; and after a short conference with each other, to Capt. Rumph's great relief, rode on, ana soon disappeared at the next turn ol tne road. Rumph, though he saw with no little satisfaction, that the Tories had na*sed on, yet was too well acquainted with them to suppose for a moment that he was to get off so easily. He knew very well that the short respite they had thus given him was only, that with an increased force he might become their prey with less danger to themselves. He rightly conjectured, that the three who had passed him on the road, were only scouts sent to apprehend him if -rrrVirt if Vio UJJ.CM IUL^U.j CfclXVl ?T AiVj u. x*uv? ***??? tiouslv suffered them to approach him, would have shot him down while off his guard. Casting his eyes about a moment, for means of escape from his wily foes /vf Vin 4"? An Lilt; CI KJX IJLIO OIUUawVAJl t^VOAUV AV*.* ly apparent. The three troopers he knew belonged to the corps of the sanguinary Cunningham, a part of which, he was certain, was in the neighborhood, under the command of one of his subaltern officers; and Capt. Rumph, after carefully surveying his situation, became fully conscious of his extreme danger of falling into the hands of his merciless foes. He was mounted upon a strong but slow horse and the thought of escape on horse back was abandoned by him without ? ? T J !i/U - Hesitation, xie was arcutju wuu a trusty cut and thrust sword and a brace of pistols; but it would have been madness, he well knew, to think of exposing himseL* to such odds as he was sure would be brought against him. There was no time to be lost. His only chance of escape at once flashed across his mind, and he immediately set about executing it. He rode nis horse up to the pond already mentioned, and tied him fast to a tree. He then took off the greater Eart of his clothes and left them near is horse, to induce the suspicion that he had concealed himself in that pond. ; ?But that was very far from his real intention. He walked in the wa:er , near the margin of the pond, until he had gained the side opposite to which he had tethered his horse, and choosing with some caution the place at which he could best leave it, he set off at a rapid rate through the pine woods for home, a distance of some sixteen miles. T-.-1 4liA rrmo-n timo flio fTlWxa trWYnPrS J.XX J"VUAi VAAJ.AV} VAAV/ WA** vv w* VVJ^W^ who as Capt. Rumph truly supposed, were a party detached to seize nim if they could, returned to their main body, consisting of about twenty men under the command of Lieutenant Parker, and reported the situation in whicU they had left Capt. Rumph. With out loss of time the whole party set off to overtaken him. Upon their arrival at the pond, they found that the wagons had proceeded but little distance from the spot which they occupied when the three Tories passed them, and Capt. Rumph s horse andi Via cimp eit.iiatinn in V1ULUTO ?Y \-i- ^ ??i*v v . which they had been left by him. The whole party rode up to the wagon, and fiercely inquired of poor Houselighter, who was pale with terror, where Rumphwas. He pointed to the pond, and they rode up to the place where the hors^-astied, and when they saw liis cltoSes, and other signs of Rumph's having taken to the pond, they surrounded it on every side, and dismounting they entered it sword in hand, and searched every place where he could possibly have be?n concealed. But their search was fruitless. Rumph was far on his way towards home, before those who were so eager ly thirsting for his blood could satisfy i tnemselves that he was not there. , Irritated by the escape of the prey which they were so confident they had in their grasp, while one part scoured the neighboring woods in search of Capt. Rumph, the other part of the wagons, and after taking such of the horses as could be serviceable to them, they stripped the wagons of every thing they could carrry away, ana burnt them to ashes with the remaining part of their freight. Thev worLi "V? Q TT'QC? l'ICU. JJLUUe>CJ_lClx?;i UXJ.UA J.J.V ???o ready to die with fear, and left him. Capt. Rumph reached home about sun-set, with the determination to <*ive his pursuers chance of a fight with less odds on one side; and he immediately set about collecting the scattered members of his corps. This was soon accomplished?and they, about twentyfive m number, were ready to set off in pursuit of the Tories by day-light the next morning. This partv had proceeded for several hours on tlieir way, and had nearly reached the spot where the wagons of their leader had been burned the day before, and which was the scene of his perilous escape, when they were informed that the Tories, not far below, were Ceding their horses near the road and were wholly unprepared for an j attack. The patriots were extremely j anxious to be led to the charge. Just before their eyes were the evidences of the wanton destruction of property by the Tories, and their memories could readily supply numberless instances of their norrid barbarity, rapine, and murder. They proceeded at a quickened pace along the road, and soon their nemies appeared in the situation in which they had been described, with their horses carelessly feeding with their saddles on, their bridle-bits out of ;ir mouths, and their riders lying abo\; in groups or sleeping apart from from the rest on the ground. No surprise could have been more complete. The Tories discovered their opponents at the distance of three or four hundred yards, and at once prepared for fight. They soon caught their horses bridled them, and in and instant were mounted and flying in every direction. "Save who can," was the only word. Capt. Rumph and his Troopers dashed down upon them, and as the Tories scattered, every one for himself, the patriots were obliged to single out and pursue, as they were nearly equal in number, almost every one his man. Various were the results of that fight and pursuit. It "was the fortune of Lieutenant Parker, the officer in command of the Tories, to be singled out by Lieutenant Wannamaker, of Capt. Rumph's troop. Wannamaker was a man of singular boldness and true devil-maycare sort of spirt. He was a fine horseman, and on this occasion was uncommonly well mounted. In this respect, however, he was not superior to rarker; for after a chase of nearly two miles, Wannamaker had gained but little if any upon Parker?but, unfortunately for the latter, after keeping well ahead for that distance, and while looking back to see if the enemy was gaining upon him, his horse earned him under a stooping tree, which struck him a violent blow upon the left shoul ^ ?-J" lrr> A/>lr^rl aer as ue roue uuua n auu auuvavu. hi si.nearly off, and in his struggle to recover himself his saddle" turnea aiidgot under the belly of his horse. In that situation he rode for some distance at an evident disadvantage, and Wannamaker began to gain upon him. Parker's horse, however, broke the girth, and the saddle fell, so that Parker -was again for a while able to keep Wannamaker at a safe distance. But it soon became apparent, to Parker's great dismay, that his hose's wind was failing from being ridden without a saddle. In vain he whipped and spurred his jaded horse. Wannamaker was shortening the distance between them at every leap. Parker beheld him nearly within pistol shot; and, frightened beyond measure, he took off his hat and beat his horse on the as -with it to accelerate his speed. It succeeded for a moment, but the fagged horse had done his utmost. Wannamaker was just behind and called out to him with presented pistol. "Parker, halt! or I will kill you." Parker heeded not, but continued with renewed violence his blows with his hat. Wannamaker approached nearer and called to him again; but still he rode on. Wannamaker called to him again, the third time, and offered him quarter; but the unhappy man knew that he had no right to expect that mercy which he had never given, halted not. "Halt, Parker," says Wannamaker "I have told you the last time." Parker rode on. Wannamaker fearing something might occur to incline the chances against him, approached the doomed man within half a horses' length and fired. Parker rode erect for a moment; but his hold soon re1 1 1 - -r-n 1 1 jaxea?ne ieu uacitwarus uji jlud uuiot ?rolled heavily off, and expired. J. Says He Can Restore Life. Syracuse, N. Y., Nov. 13.?Dr. P. J. Gibbons, of this city, this afternoon forwarded to Governor Flower an application for permission to try his theory of the resuscitation of human beings "killed" by electricity, on Charles F. Wilson, who is to be" electrocuted at Auburn State prison for the murder of Detective Harvey, of this citv. Dr. Gibbons said to me: "I liave been present at the autopsies of electrocuted murderers, ana have carefully studied the reports of autopsies of this character made by other scienitfic men. We find no pathological change, no change in the blood, and no destruction 01 any viuu organs oxtissues which we would have in death, and could determine cause of death in the autopsy. I have always contended that execution by electricity is painless, and that it renders the subject instantly unconscious, but very often does not produce death. I assert that the condition produced is suspended animation, excepting when the electrocuted one be physically iweak, having heart disease, aneurism, or some other similar affection, in which case the diseased parts are frequently ruptured by the shock. ' 'My intention is to discover some means of saving the lives of those accidentally shocked. I will have everything in" readiness and will operate upon the bodv as soon as the surgeon pronounces death. We will apply promptly a current of electricity to keep up body heat and body electricity. My methods and apparatus are simple. The latter consists of two bellows so arranged that they enter the one tube. The distal end of the tube we insert through the neck, as in tracheotomy. When we depress the handles one bellows inflates the lun^s, and when we elevate the handles the other exhausts the lungs, and on the next depression drives the air into space. This operation is continued. I would not he discouraged till at least , three hours had passed." j FOREST FIRESA Colorado Town Destroyed?Large Loss of Lives and Property. Boulder, Col., Nov. 15.?A forest fire which was started from a camp fire last evening has been raging all night and todav North of the mining camp of Gold Hill, a town of five hundred inhabitants, fifteen miles from here. The timber is as dry as powder and a fierce wind carried it over five miles of dense timber in a short time. Fifty people came into JtSou Icier this afternoon in wagons from Gold Hill, mostly women and children. They report that the business men and miners were carrying what goods and property they could into the mining tunnels and had abandoned hope of saving their stores and dwellings. A courier arrived at Boulder at 1:30 p. m., reporting that all the buildings at Camp Talcott, a short distance from Gold Hill, were burned except the stamp mill and that the fire had reached the Western portion of Gold Hill, burning the mill of the Prussian mine. Several ranch houses were burned this morning, two men named Eihler and Zaman being badly burned. At 3 p. m. the fire was spreading toward the tomi of Copper JRock. The < aV gravity or me case is iuiiyappreciiticu here at Boulder and the utmost excitement prevails. It is believed many small camps will be burned. The residents of Gold Hill who have not come to Boulder have assembled on the top of Horsefel Mountain and are watching the progress of the flames as they consume their former homes. The wind is blowing furiously and drives the fire before it in large sheets of flame. The property loss will amount to over $1,500,000. There will necessarily be great destitution. Among the business houses at Gold Hill are the following: Frank Body, general merchandise andpostoffice; Dr. Trovilian, drug store; Johnson and Hawkins, general merchandise store; James Corvell, boots and shoes; Mrs. j. jyiurpny, notei. seen forty miles away. Denver. Col., Nov. 15.?At3o'clock a fierce wind and dust storm struck the city from the North, filling the air so that it was impossible to see across the street for a long time. Many plate glass windows and awnings were destroyed. The temperature fell 20 degrees in thirty minutes. Before the storm broke dense clouds of smoke could be plainly seen rolling up the mountains around Gold Hill forty miles distant. At 6 p. m. a wet snow began falling but it is probably too late to save Gold Hill from destruction. loss of life large. Memphis, Tenn., Nov. 15.?Reports from the forest districts in this vicinity show that while the loss of proper vy la nut gicak, cuv v-?.vv*Aof the territory covered, -the loss of life exceeds apprehensions. Within fifteen miles of Memphis three lives have been lost by fire in the past two days, and there are rumors of a fearful burning- in Arkansas, where five lives -were Tost. The remains of five -human, beings were found, with the flesh and clothing all burned off, in St. Francis bottom, all within a quarter of a mile of each other. There are fears that they are the remains of a party of hunters from Texas that went into that country last week, but there is nothing to support this except the number of the bodies. Fatalities in this county are peculiarly distressing. Fanny Woods, an aged negress, had her dress ignited as she fled from a burning house, and she ran, surrounded by flames till she fell I dead. Pitt Roy, a nine-year-old boy, ! ran into his father's house, which was i afire, to save some property. The house collaj?sed and he was burned to ' rPVlC ueaui ueiure .tuv name of the third victim could not be ascertained. the destruction very great. London, Nov. 15.?As a result of the violent winds, heavy rains and overflowing' rivers the inhabitants of some of the river side villas at Eton and Windsor are obliged to approach the doors of their houses in boats. Upwards of a thousand persons in Bath are rendered homeless by the overflowing of the Avon. Generally the rainfall continues, but the gales have subsided. London, Nov. 15.?The British ship Culmere, Captain Bead, last reported, at Hamburg-, October 1, from Iquiqui, foundered in yesterday's gale eighty miles off Spurnhead, Yorkshire. Twen ty-two persons were drowned, including the captain and his wife. Eight bodies were washed ashore at Worthing this morning. It is believed that the British steamer Zande, last reported at Hamburg, November 1, from Saffi. also was Tost yesterday. Heavy floods are reported on the island of Cyprus. A dispatch from Liamsol says twenty-one persons were drowned and that the number of domestic animals destroyed is far into thousands. A Curious Case. Cincinnati Nov. 14.?A subpoena for the arrest of Col. Coit, who commanded the militia at Washington Court House during the recent riot over "the [attempted lynching of two men, has been issued. The subpoena cites that Col. Coit was wanted as a witness at the trial. His friends have urged him not to accept service on the subpoena, as they claim it is merely a ruse on the part of the authorities of Washington Court House to get him there and then place him in jail on the _1 tVl I f cnarge ui muiua. oiun, uu.? the feeling against him is so intense at the latter place that his life would be in jeopardy. The members of the local militia are greatly excited over the affair and some of the hot-headed ones advise that the militia go to Washington Court House without uniforms, j but with their muskets loaded and act I as a body guard. It is stated that Col. Coit has telegraphed Governor McKinley asking wliat he (Coit) shall do in the matter. The Governor is reported to have advised Col. Coit to go to Washington Court House in response to the subpoena and that if he finds that matters there are of such a character that his life is in danger, the Governor will order outtne mmua to protect him and preserve order. Up to a late hour this afternoon Col. Coit had not decided whether or not he ' would go. Sensible Farmers. Dallas, Nov. 14.?The planters here are determined not to plant more | than one-half of this year's acreage of i cotton next season, as at the present market price the cost of production is ! in excess of the selling price from 1 to 12 cents per pound. Everv bale of this !years Texas cotton will Be marketed [ within six weeks. ^ PLANS OF THE POPULISTSStewart, of Nevada, Will Lead an Indepen- j dent Minority. Washington, Nov. 13.?Senator Stewart, of Nevada, the Populist upon whose aid the Republicans count to control the organization of the next senate, reiterates emphatically that he will aid neither of the old parties unless they pledge themselves to free silver. ''I don't care," he said, "which of the old parties control the machinery of the senate. There is no advantage to us 10 oe gameu oy a cuiuumauuii with either the Kepublicans or the Cleveland Democrats. We do not care for the few paltry offices to be bestowed, and could not afford to sacrifice our independence as a party for them. So far as I am personally concerned, I do not care whether they put me on any committee or what they do with me, as longas I am entitled to my saat in the senate and can ?et into the chamber. In fact," he added, growing emphatic, "I can raise more h?1 when entirely free from such obligations than- when bound by them." The senator says he thinks the Populists will be able to exercise a more potent influence by keeping entirely a loof from the old parties; that it is his opinion that this is the policy which will be pursued by the People's party in the senate, and that he will advise that this policy be pursued. He thinks there is no doubt that when the test com'es Senator Jones will act in. full harmony with the Populist senators, and that if Governor Tillman should be chosen to succeed Senator Butler he also would be found in the Populist column, with the two senators to be chosen from North Carolina. This would give the Populists eight senators as against 42 Republicans and 38 Democrats after March 4. "The only ground," he said, in conclusion. "on which I should be willing to unite with the Republicans would be on a platform pledging that party to a free silver policy. I go not want any half way measure, such as the coinage of American product, as I should know that whatever was promj j ised would be nothing but a trap. I do not propose to be caught with anything less than a compliance with our complete demands." Senator Peffer, another of the Populists to vhom the Republicans look for aid, and of whom it has been rumored that lie would rejoin the Republican party, has just arrived from Kansas. He "declined to discuss the organization of the Senate, but said if the time should come when the Populists should hold the balance of power in the Senate he had no doubt "they would exercise that power conscientiously and wisely." When asked if' he believed Governor Tillman would co-operate with the Populists if he should be elected to the Senate, Mr. Peffer replied that he could not say, as Governor Tillman had never outlined his intentions in fhaf "FTp. nailed attention to the fact that Mr. Irby, who was supposed to share the political views of Governor Tillman, had remained in the Democratic ranks. "Still," he added, ''the time must soon come when all Democrats believing as Tillman and Irby do, must a] ly themselves openly with the Populist party. The Eastern Democrats are to all intents and purposes v ^publicans and Democrats of the Tillm n-Irbv stripe cannot long remain in th - same party organization with them." Mr. Peffer said that the Populists had polled 125,000 votes in F~nsas, against 105,000 in 1890, and that they failed because they were not fused with the Democrats. He believes that "? I A ArtA AAA T> aoous z,uuu,uw jropiuisu vuw? ?cic polled in the country, and that" his party's future is hopeful."' How Cotton Seed May be Utilized. I wish to make a practical suggestion that if promptly acted upon by those having hogs to fatten, will save thousands of dollars to the State within the next sixty days. Contrary to prevailing opinion, cotton seed, if properly mixed with other food, so as to make a properly balanced ration, is the cheapest hog food we possess and perfectly safe. They are to be found on every farm and are now being sold at one-half their value considered as a stock food, as compared with the market value of corn. There is an abundant crop of sweet potatoes, which can neither be marketed nor preserved to advantage. Cotton seed and sweet potatoes mixed in proportion of one of the former to three of the tatter, and i i J. at? ?:n -p^vrl DOiiea to^euier win give a* iwu superior m every respect to corn and absolutely safe. To those not having potatoes and useing corn as a sole fattening ration, I would suggest to mix cotton seed and corn bushel for bushel and grind together or cook. Fed according to either menthood every bushel of cotton seed is worth to the farmer as much as a half bushel of corn, or at the present price of corn 35 cents per bushel, while their present market price is less than half. Criticisms of above suggestions will be cheerfully and scientifically discussed. "Helper." The above suggestion comes from the Columbia State and we give it to our readers for what it is worth. It would be advisable to try it carefully at first, until assured of its value. If true it is of great advatage to the farmers. A "Word for Apples. Dr. G. R. Searles, of Brooklyn, N. Y., thus discourses on the apple as medicine: "'The apple is such common fruit that very few ]>ersons are familiar with its remarkably efficacious medicinal properties. Everybody ought to know that the very best thing they can do is to eat apples just before retiring for the night. Persons uninitiated in the mysteries of the fruit are liable to throw uptneir nanas in horror at the visions of dyspepsia which such a suggestion may summon up, but no harm can come to even a delicate system by the eating of ripe and juicy apples just before going to bed. The apple is an excellent brain food, because it has more phosphoric acid in easily disgestible shape than any other vegetable known. It excites the action of the liver, promotes sound and healthy sleep, and thoroughly disinfects the mouth. This is not all. The apple agglutinates the surplus acids of the stomach, helps the kidney secretions and prevents calculus growths, it obviates indigestion and is one of the best preventives known of diseases of the throat. Everybody should be familiar with such laiowledsre, and I hope you will help disseminate it. In addition, next to the orange and the lemon, it is the best anditote for the thirst and craving of the person addicated to the alcohol or the opium habit." THE COTTON CROP. :,S|| WHAT MR. ALF. B. SHEPPERSON HAS TO SAY ABOUT IT. The Largest Crop Ever Made "Was Nine Million Two Hundred Thousand Bales in 1890-91?Half a Million Acres Less Planted this Year. Charleston, S. C., Nov. 14?With a view to finding out just how much credit was to be given to the recently ciatAmpnt. nf fhe r>resentcot- _ :j ton crop of 10,000,000 bales, and to put before its readers a trustworthy and intelligent statement of the cotton | situation at the present time, the Charleston News and Courier applied I to Mr. Alfred B. Shepperson, of New j York, the well-known cotton statisti- . |cian, and author of that invaluable _ trade medium of the cotton trade, Cotton Facts, and received the following reply: 'gjjM New Yoek, Nov. 8.?Cotton has aeclined again today, chiefly I understand, upon a crop" estimate just issued by Mr. NeillofNew Orleans,that the crop will be over ten millions of t bales, xne crop is unuou.uwxiiy & large one, but I confess that I am unable to see any basis for such a large estimate. The largest crop ever grown . -yvij in this country was that whicn was planted in 1890. The yield of that crop was probably 9,200,000. j?S&e | commercial crop of that seasor as ! S. 674.000 bales and the difference v tween this and the quantity whicfcfcf have given as the probable yield was marketed in the following season. There is no evidence whatever to prove that the acreage of the crop now being marketed was any larger than that of the crop of 1890-91, nor is there any evidence to my mind at least, that the weather conditions have been more favorable this year than in 1890. I am at a loss, therefore, to understand to what cause or causes can be reason- : ably attributed a yield so much in excess of the monster crop of 1890. * The acreage in 1890 was about 20,500,000 acres, and I do not think anyone has claimed or will claim that it was any more this year. The department of agriculture has been making since Feb. 1, a careful investigation of the cotton acreage and has em- ployed a special agent for the purpose, who has travelled throughout the South, and has investigated the matter, as I am informed, in the most thorough manner possible. The Acting Secretary of Agriculture wrote . . me on October 25, that the i-esult of the investigation was that the acreage in 1893 was 19,525,000 acres. There has been but a small increase in acreage this year over 1893, the department of agriculture calling the increase less than 1 per cent, so that the acreage of the crop now coming in is; - y'y ;|| according to the department or agriculture's estimate, about 19,650,000 acres. . Let us assume that the department lioo it SmTKVwh&t and . -V that the acreage is as much as 20,000,000 acres. This, as you will see, is 500,000 acres less than 1890, and yet we are asked to believe thai upon an acreage of 500,000 acres less than in 1890 a crop of a million bales more??--? has been grown. I am not prepared , to accept such a conclusion, because it is utterly repugnant to reason and . common sense. At these low prices, or anything like them, the tendency will be to largely increased consumption of cotton everywhere, and there will evidently be upon the part of spinners a general . . disposition to buy cotton greatly in - j|||j excess of their wants for the season, / >|| because at these prices they can well afford to carry in the mill warehouse a large supply of cotton in the next season. There r?an be no Question that unless the price advances very greatly by the time for planting the next crop that the acreage devoted to cotton will be reduced to an extent that it never has . been curtailed before, from one year to another. So great a reduction in acreage -would cause beyond doubt an advance as great and as rapid as the decline has been. VVlien preparations were made for planting this crop middling cotton was -worth 8 cents in JSew York, and should there be a great re- ^?1 duction of acreage this spring it will 4||j be very likely to go to 8 cents again soon after the next crop is planted, and the world recognizes the fact be- ' :-Ja| vond dispute that the acreage has w, ana consequently that the supply of cotton will be greatly reduced. I sympathize deeply with the Southern people because of the great depression which has overtaken their staple \'f|a crop, and from the manner in which cotton, is being rushed to market it -^aa looks to me as if when the advance in :^| cotton comes it will not benefit th? planters because they will have sold all of their crop, and that the spinners and speculators alone will reap the benefit of the tardy advance. Yours very truly, Alfred B. Shepperson. A Jest Finding. la Columbus, 0., Nov 15.?Coroner Edwards of Fayette County today reported his findings in the inquests ' upon the bodies of the persons who were killed by the volley of the militia defending the court liouse, where the rapist Dolby was confined. The Coroner holds the shooting to have ->'? been unjustifiable and holds Sheriff Cook and Colonel Coit, who were in command of the militia, responsible for the fatal results. The finding was not unexpected. The Coroner is an * ia uncle of one of the victims. So far as can be learned to-ni^ht no warrants had been issued for the arrest of the men but Welsh, the father of one of the victims, will swear out me warrants to-morrow. Colonel Coit's friends protest against liis being taken to Washington Court House without a a military escort for fear of assassination. Governor McKinley refuses to discuss the matter, but if it is made .-m apparent that the lives of the officers will be endangered he will send a suf _^j| ficient force for their protection. The feeling against community is growing very strong in other parts of the State. Thousands Slain. London, Nov. 13.?Three thousand Armenians, including women and childlen. are reported to have been massacred according to a Constantinople dispatch to the Daily News, in the Sassoun region. near Moosh, Turkish Armenia, during, a recent attack by theKurps. Twenty-five villages were destroyed. The Turkish officials de- || clare that the report is not true, and ' . 'iM that it grew out of the supppression of a small uprising in the region in question. The British ambassador is making inquiries into the matter. m