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I W DEVOTED TO SOUTHERN RIGHTS, MORALITY, AGRICULTURE, LITERATURE, AND MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. JAMES H. NORWOOD, EDITOR.] VOL. 1. THE DARLINGTON FLAG, is pcbusiie!) EVERY THURSDAY MORNING, AT l)ARLINGTON, C. II., *. C., 1IY NORWOOD * DE EORNTE. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: In advance, (per annum,) - - - $2 00 At the expiration of six months - 2 50 At the end of the year 3 00 ADVERTISING I Advertisements, inserted at "5 cents a square (fourteen lines or less,) for the first, To thine oirnarlf he true; And it must folloie as the night the day; Thou const not then be false to any man.—Hamlet. DARLINGTON C. H., S. C., THURSDAY MORNING DF.CEMBER 11, 1851. [NORWOOD i DE LORME, PI BLISUER NO. 41. visitor, but reflects great credit upon the skill nml industry of the able pro fessor of that department. I regret to announce to you that the valuable services of Dr. Thomwell, whose eminent piety and profound learning rendered him one of its bright est ornaments and strongest props, were lost to the College by his resig nation, which was tentmredNo and ac cepted by the Trustees at their May meeting. It is also with |»ninful emo tions that I inform you of the heavy Wow it is to sustain in the conten.pla Business Cards, not exceeding ten lines, , . . r li n • nserted at 85, a year. I ‘ e<1 re8, S n ® t ‘0» the venerable Pres.- dent, who, with zealous fidelity, has discharged the delicate and laborious duties of his oflice in such a manner ns to give additional lustre to his alrea dy extended reputation, and to the brilliant fame he has won for himself in other fields. It is most dee|>Iy to be deplored that continued ill health forces him to take that step which will deprive the rising generation of our 6'tnte of the example of one whose commanding eloquence, whose pure morality, springing from a highly cul tivated mind and heart, was destined to exercise such a happy influence over them. Justice requires that I should mention, to the credit of the other Pro fessors, that the deficiency resulting from tiie inability of the President to complete hit course of instruction to the classes, was promptly supplied by the assumption of additional labors by them. The experiment of our Military Academies has succeeded beyond the most sanguine expectations of their early friends. The Cadets now num- lier at the Citadel 103, and at the Ar senal 27. The increasing fiopularity of these Schools call for an extension of the buildings. At the last annual meeting of the Board of Visitors, at least one hundred ap|>lications for ad mission were rejected, for the want of means of accommodation. If the buildings were extended, and the an nual appropriations increased, the num ber of Cadets might lie doubled in the course of a year. Already sixty-eight POUTIC AIL GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE. Fellow-citizens of the Senate and House of Representatives: I congratulateyou upon your assem bling to deliberate upon the affairs of the commonwealth, and to discharge the high and sacred duties which de volve upon you. Since your last meeting our State has been blessed with an unusual de gree of health, and although, in some portions of it, a scorching drought has blighted the ho|ie8 of the husbandman, to a considerable degree, yet in others they have been rewarded with an abun dant harvest, and whatever deficiency in breadstuff* may occur in one sec tion, can be supplied from another. A new spirit of enterprise and improve- inent seems to animate our people, and when the great railroad enterprises now rapidly progressing, are completed, we may indulge the hope that a new era of prosperity will dawn upon us—new life and energy lie infused into all our industrial pursuits. For these, as for all His mercies, wo are bound to ren der our heartfelt thanks to Almighty God, onr Heavenly Father. 'Hie F iiianciai condition of the State mav be put down as follows: Assets, 85,113,114 47 Liabilities, 3,208,424 50 for admission, but cannot be received decessor for that important purpose, incident to them. Where the Brigades still more unfaltering. Gentlemen, the because there is no provision made for Many valuable documents which were Kfe compact, little inconvenience at- honor ami selety of our beloved State tliem by the State. I think that instead ! almost entirely obliterated, have been tends them; bat where the country is are in your keeping. May God direct of appropriating a specific sum to this sufficiently restored by him to be co- sparcely populated, and the Brigades you in your deliberations, purpose, as is now the case, it would | pied. It will be seen by his report, arc stretched over a large extent nfj Jonx 11. Mi ans. lie better to allow the sum of one bun- ‘ (which I send you) that certain chasms i country, the duty of attending them is dred dollars for each indigent mute occur in the records, from the loss of very onerous to all the officers, and a!- (native of the State) that is admitted, documents. If it is at all desirable to niost ruinous to them who are poor.— without regard tathe number of them, preserve them, it is important that they Under these circumstances, 1 recoin-i There should alsobe appointed a board should be complete. I therefore re- mend that they he abolished, of visitors to regulate the admissions, commend that you authorize the Gov- i and take a general supervision over the ernor to send an agent to England in- LlBIHl IM1 PROPERTY. A superficial glance seems to satisfy some that the poorer classes, who live by manual labor, are hut little interest- The General ‘'Uemhiy,'at its last Vj ^ ^e prosperity of the wealthy.- »i.„ ,i:.„ i ■■ I We have heard such opinions expressed beneficiary pupils. This plan would suffice for the present to secure the means of education to all the mutes in the State. As this subject begins to excite great interest in our communi ty, 1 have no doubt but that some plan will be soon proposed by which this institution will be put upon a perma nent basis, and this unfortunate class, order to supply the deficiency. Since your last meeting, I have re ceived, through Monsieur Alexandre Vattemare, a copy of the great nation al publication, “ La Gallerie Nationale de Versailles,” containing several thou sand engravings, illustrative of the his torical events of the French nation, with the Memoriale de L. Artillerie, The former thousand dollars for the purpose of arming the State and putting it in a condition of defence. W’hat progress has been made in the matter will be seen set forth in the report of the Ma jor of Ordnance, which is herewith transmitted. who have heretofore been cut off from and other military works. The former Resolutions, passed by the L>'gisla- all the enjoyments of social intercourse, was presented to the Governor and ture and Convttion of New Hamp- will fie so educated as to be [Hit in com- Legislature in the name of the Prefect shire, also by the Convention of Mary- inunication with them, and thus not of the Department of the Seine and | land and the General Assembly of 11- only rendered happy, hut be fitted to mumci|>Hl council of the city of Paris, linois. on the subject of the compro act their parts in the drama of life.— j “as an additional token of the frater- mise, together with tl For the information of the Legislature, nal feeling of For South Carolina, and I herewith transmit Mr. Walker’s letter their desire to see this enlightened and on the subject: most useful intercourse permanently During the past summer, I visited ! eatablished Wtween the civilized nations officially the Lunatic Asylum. There of the earth.” The latter was pre- are now one hundred and fifty patients seated by Monsieur Vattemare to the in it. Fifty have been admitted this Military Schools. These compliments year; nineteen have been cured; sev- to oui State I acknowledged in suitable enteen dismissed much improved, and terms, and have sent in return all of nine have died. The male apartments our State publications. I trust that are now full. Justice to those to this kind intercourse will be kept up whose management it has been com- on our part mitted requires that I should testify to 1 received, a short time since, a pe- the fidelity with which they have dis- tition, signed by the principal Chiefs charged their duties. of the Catawba Indians, to grant them The cleanliness and good order of the means of emigrating to the \\ est, the establishment reflects great credit with the view oi settling near the Chickataws. Although I felt much disposed to favor this scheme, for the good of the Indians, I felt that ! had meeting, put at the disposal of the "cave ncaru suen op.mons expressed Boaretof Ordnance, in connection Vith our 8trc ‘‘ ts ’ an, 1 « r «**"'<*^* B^vely the Governor, three hundred and fifty upon its excellent Superintendent; and the complete control exercised over the patients, not only exhibits the skill of the attending physician in the management of them, hut his benevolence ami kind ness to them. I was greatly struck with hip kind, paternal manner towards them, ami their almost filial devotion for, and obedience to him. This In stitution has been raised and nurtured together with the resolutions pas sed by the Legislatures of Florida and New Hampshire, on the subject of the establishment of an Agricultural Bu reau in the Department of the Interior at Washington, are herewith trans mitted. On the subject of our Federal rela tions. I have hut little to say. You are fully aware of our wrongs, and know that the Federal Government, which was instituted for onr protection and welfare, as well as that of the other States, has directed all its energies to the destruction of that institution ii|H>n which our very vitality depends. You know that we have been deprived of every inch of that territory which was won, in part, by our blood and treasure; that we have been robbed by a tyrani- cal and unjust government of the very applications^have been made for pay i bv the State with a munificence highly ds of com this year, and there is no territory, You know that the tide of pupils alone, and this number we may creditable to it. reason to hope that it will ever be bat- Northern fanaticiwn must sweep over is )iijj>(i>(ii . • ■ — • • • *■ L ter with them, while, with their sloven- | ••», depriving us of our property, ll,u J I property to the rich, is also a ly habits of tillage, they ai ! forced to | desolating ourjiomes^unless it is stayed t ^ e | n f )()rer . F.very rich man Although some alterations and im provements in the buildings have sug- 1,904,989 91 The Bank of the State fluring the past year has paid a heavy interest on its capital.. According to a report calculate w ill be greatly increased by made to me by the President, the capi- the next meeting of the Board. The . _ tal in use niny be put down nt three Hoard, with the view of receiving a gested themselves to me, yet I forbear millions, three hundred and fifty thou- larger numlier of Cadets, asks for an j to say any thing on the subject at pre gaud dollars. appropriation of 810,000, for the pur- 83,350,000 pose of enlarging the buildings of the Deduct fire loan bonds, 440,000 Arsenal in Columbia, so as to accom- modate the wrhole of the fourth class 82,910,000 in that place. By doing this two bun- dred Cadets can lie received at the 300,000 two schools l think that the funds of ! the State could not Ik* ex|K*nded in a 28,000 ' more profitable manner than to grant the sum asked for. I beg leave to 8272,000 call your attention to another matter It will be seen by the above state- I connected with this subject. The Pro- meiit that the Bank has realized a pro- fesaors in these institutions, although fit of something over nine per cent, on their duties arc exceedingly onerous, its capital. and discharged with great fidelity by * • ■ ■'— paid than any no authority to act in the premises.— graves of our gallant countrymen who This, ns you are aware, is now but the small remnant of a once powerful and numerous tribe, reduced to j»enury by their roving and dissipated habits. 1 am inforawd that the whole tribe will not make more than one bundled bush- sacrificed their lives that the “Star spangled Banner” might float in tri umph on the bloody fields over which it waved. Tou Know that our equality in the union has been denied, by the verv act which excludes us from this The entire profits, after pay ing all expenses, are Deduct interest on fire loan bonds. In conformity to a resolution passed them, are more pooily paid than ai at vour last meeting, I appointed an officers of their grade in the State.' agent to receive the share of the pro- Their salaries are scarcely sufficient to cecds of the public lands assigned to support them, and i have reason to be- this State under the act of Congress of the 4th of September, 1841. The amount paid him was Deduct commissions [mid agent, 818,214 90 700 00 lieve that we cannot procure their val uable services much longer nt the same rate. If the number of Cadets is in creased (and the po|Hilar voice calls for it) an additional Professor must be employed. 1 therefore recommend a further annual appropriation of three thousand dollars to these Academies. 1 feel less hesitation in recommending sent, as the Legislature at some future and more prosperous |ieriod may deem it necessary either to remove it to some favorable location, or so to remodel them as to keep pace with the improve ments of the day. 1 he reports of Dr. Trezcvant and Dr. Parker, on this sub ject, are herewith transmitted, to which 1 invite your particular attention. Ten thousand dollars was appropri ated by you at your last meeting, for the purpose of stereotyping ami pub lishing the two manuscript works of the late Hon. John C. Calhoun, com prising a “Treatise on Government” and a "Discourse on the Constitution of the United States.” Gov. Seabrook very properly selected as the editor of these works, Mr. R. K. Cralle, of Vir- S inia, the intimate personal friend of Ir. Calhoun, and the gentleman to whom he had himself consigned his manuscripts. The entire work was bv the bold efforts of freemen, worthy to he free. The noble attitude of resis tance which I supposed the State was , about to assume, and which I have di- I reeled all my energies to place her in, 1 seems to have been delayed or aban- remain and cultivate poor lands. It is the opinion of Mr. White, the Indian Agent, that nothing short of emigra tion to a State more genial to their habits, w ill save them from utter anni hilation. I am sure that lie is correct . in this opinion, for t he reasons set forth doned by the popular voice as indicated more fully in his report, which I send j by the result of the late elections. 1 yon. I therefore recommend that j cannot believe that this result has been means be given to all, or as many as j founded in a w illingness tamely to sub wish to emigrate, to enable them to do mil to our wrongs, hut in a difference g0i | of opinion as to the best mod* of re- By a resolution of the General As- dressing them. I know of no oilier scmbly 1 was instructed to cause the mode to recommend than that which I Magazines to lie removed from their have heretofore so earnestly advocated, present location to the Citadel Square, viz: I hat, ns our equality is not ackiiow- The City Council petitioned me to post- lodged in the Uniou, “ we should assert [tone the matter until they could have our independence out of it. I his an opportunity to lay before you the course 1 think our pride honor, and dangers to the city from having so large safe ty alike demand. Others, whose , ’ an amount of powder kept within its opinions are entitled to respect, think limits. As I found the apprehension differently—and it seems the popular on this subject very general in Charles- voice has sustained them in their opin ion, and some portions of its citizens ions. It remains now lor those who painfull v excited about it, I determined have proclaimed their unalterable pur- pose not to submit to our wrongs and used to show that labor was not inter ested in, and should not be compelled to protect property, particularly slave property. The principal projierty of many of onr citizens is slaves, and if they are not fully protected in them, and aided by their fellow-citizens in keeping them in proper subjection, one of the principal safeguards of this pro perty, namely, security, is lost, and without security capital can never ac cumulate. There is in every commu nity an amount of wealth which all, the poor as well as the rich, are inte- ! restad in protecting and preserving.— The poor man, as well ns the rich, is benefitted by the taxes paid in his dis trict. The man who owns negroes pays more taxes than him who owns none. These taxes go into the general fund, and are appropriated for the gen eral good of the district and benefit of all alike. If a man loses a negro, or has his bouse burnt down, he p^ s less taxes that) before, and so much is Inst to the general fund, which principally benefitted the poor. If negro proper ty was taken away from our people, n vast amount of capital would he lust to our country, and a large sum now paid in taxes on ibis property would be lost to the general good. Numbers of our wealthiest men would be re duced to poverty, ami it is an infaliilile result, that whatever ruins the rich, I presses with ten fold w'eight on the poorer classes. There is nothing but property can pay for labor: and where * capbarirmrt not exist, the poor man can find no employment for his labor; it is totally unavailable. II no one has capital to pay the poor man for his work, what is to become of him ? So that it is palpable, that every loss of loss to employe executed in South Carolina, except the to delay the work until the present ses- pose not to submit to our wrongs amt stereotyping, which was done in New sion, on condition that the city author- degradation, to [mint out a better course. York, at the cost of about 8277.20. ities would become responsible for the L myselt, have none to suggest. >> hat- _ _ _ _ Ibis, as the State has, ai r I await your further directions ns or nothing for them as Institutions of 817,514 90 which sum is deposited in the Bank of the State, to the credit of the Govern or. I await your further directions ns _ to its disfiosai. 1 learning. Not a single dollar has been The South Carolina College, which 1 added to the annual appropriation be- has been so lilierally endowed by your yond what was given originally to hire enlightened generosity, and looked upon a guard to protect the arms; it seems as the pride and ornament of our State, j to me that the Legislature cannot re- is in a most flourisning condition. Un- fuse fo grant a sum so small, to an In- der the auspices of its accomplished stitution which, under the fostering President and aide Professors, its repu- care of the Stole, bids fair to rival m tation is daily extending, and students usefulness any one of the kind in the are drawn to it from nearly all the Union. Already many young men, Southern and Southwestern Stole#.— entirely destitute of means, who might Although the western wing of the ever have lingered in obscurity, have North College was banit down in been sent forth from it, uselul members April last, yet it caused no suspension of society, exhibiting tho practical of the usual routine of duties, either of utility of that mode of education they professors or students. This injury to were designed to illustrate. Upon the building was promptly repaired, and these Institutions, founded in designs pay for out of the tuition fond. As j of benevolence to the poor as well as (his first accident admonishes us of the usefulness to all classes of the commu- dangers to which so large an amount I idty, I feel assured that l can with sue- of public property is exposed, I beg cess invoke your liberality, leave to call your attention to the pro- > I visited during the summer the Ce- priety of having afl llje College build- ! dar Spnngs Aaylun^ for the education i, -insured. ^ e , of the Deaf and Dumb. This henev- The important science of geology 1 "lent Institution, founded in 1849, by and mineralogr, which for years has the suterprise of Mr. N. P. Walker, or - - the education of some of his own con nections, has grown into importance, and excites the deepest interest in ev ery philanthropist The number of mutes is now twenty-seven. There are many others too poor to pny their own expenses, who are now applying These two works are comprised in one volume, which is now ready for distri ct, done little button. \ - l feel it my duty to call your atten- suffer no detriment by it. A more lion to the fact, that nothing has yet thorough examination of this subject been done by the State towards erect- 1 convinced me that the necessity of remo- ing monuments to Mr. Calhoun and ving the Magazines w as not as great as Col. Butler. The Palmetto Regiment, was supposed, but that a small addi- actuated by a spit it w#thy of so noble tioual appropriation for building a w all and gallant a corps, have determined around them would make them sale.— not to suffer the memory of their be- For full information on this matter, I loved commander, who proved himself refer you to the report ol Maj. I rapier, worthy of the appellation of “ Father which I send you. I await your for- of his Regiment” have token steps to | ther instruction* on the subject. safe keeping of the powder during that! ever is the action of the £>toU* through [teriod. 1 thought this course just and her constituted authorities, it is my du proper, particularly as the State could very the labor of the poor to some extent in some shape or other : he is a consumer of the products of the poor; and when ever he is stripped of his property, those who labored for him are for the time thrown out of employment, or the market for their products is to that ex tent limited, and they consequently in jured. The general w elfare, then, is deeply identified with the accumulation of capital in general, and the poorer n man is, the more is he Interested in its increase and preservation, for the plain reason that without capital to pay for it, his [icrsonal labor is of no service to him. Everything that tends to destroy or lessen any species of property in a community is an injury to the poor and increase the difficulty of his making a livelihood. How then can a l»oor man imagine that he has no in terest in the preservation ol his negroes or other property to his rich neighbor? If the latter is deprived of them, so much the less is he ahl<- to employ the industry of the Corner, or purchase the products made by him, and so much the less tax is [mid for the gene ral benefit of the . ”r.—Greenville Mountaineer. The Wise Man and the Sewe-nt. —A w ise man one day asked the ser- been s» entirely ,negl*eto4, is now taught with great ability. The cabinet of* minerals has been considerably in creased, and although it Is still com [Mirativdy small, yet its elegance and propriety of arrangement not only pre sent a most attractive aspect to the erecta monument at their own expense. This should not be allowed. Altho’ it it is a most pleasing duty to them, yet the State should certainly claim the i ightto pay this last tribute to the mem ory of one whose conduct during the Mexican war has added the brightest |«ge to be written in her history. The stranger who visits their graves might well be struck with surprise that no sculptured marltle marks the spot where sleep the remains of two of her most cheristied sons. The one w ho illustra ted her glory in the Cabinet, the other on the tented field. For the credit of the State, I trust that this seeming neglect wiH lie remedied nt once. The work of indexing, collecting and arranging the records of the State, relating to to the Colonial and Revolu tionary History, has been pursued with much energy and industry by Mr. John S. Green, who was selected by piy pro- By an act of the General Assembly, Brigade Encampments were re-estab lished. According to your instructions, 1 encamped the ten Brigades of Infantry and five of Cavalry in the State. The officers, generally shaking, exhibited great enthusiasm, and conducted them selves as soldiers and gentlemen. A high-toned spirit and patriotism seemed to animate them, which convinced me that they would ever he ready at their country’s c4i to ‘stand to their anus.’ Although encampments must lie ad- ty to ol>ey. I solemly call u|»on you, as the representatives of the people, and as guardians of their righto, to remem- l»er that since you resolved upon resis- pent, "Of what advantage is it to there tance, and ordered the State to lie arm- to deprive men of their lile t The lion ed for defence, no single wrong of kills and dovours his prey; the tiger, which you then complained has been the wolf, and other fierce beast do the redressed; no indemnity has been ofl’er- same in order to satisfy their hunger; ed for the past, no security for the fu- hut thou bitest thine innocent victims, ture. That, under the vaunted fugitive and shqddsst mortal poison into their slave law, it has cost, in some instances, veins, without reaping any benefit from the owner four times the value of the their death save the cruel satisfaction slave to recover him, and in others his ©f desroying.” life. But, above all, I call upon you to remember that the soldiers ol the I ede- ral Government are now stationed on your coast, either to overawe or to co erce. you. That the guns of Castle Pinckney, and even of lort Moultrie, ‘ ‘ your fathers so gallantly defen ded,) and which were ceded to the General Government for your protec tion, are now frowning upon Charles ton. Surely this monstrous insult, ad ded to our injuries, will rouse the pride Why askest thou me this question (’ rejoined the reptile. “Ask rather the slanderer amongst thine own race what pleasufb he finds in poisoning un to death those w ho have never injured him.”—FUze Cook from the Chaldee. Tare the Papers.—W e cannot help wondering that people should be willing to borrow habitually another s paper. It is as uuioli as to say “we like the paper undn|>preciate its value, hut we are too small too stingy to |>ay the trifling sum of four cents jier week to possess it.” A nfltn who cannot af ford to take one daily, or a weekly at mitted by all to be excellent schools for and patrotism of our people. I he dan- the training of soldiers; and although gees which threaten our country call the good which has been done by them upon us to bury the party I’eeiingajvhich is already manifest, vet I am not pre- have so unfortunately divided and dis* . a 'r \ l»red to recommend their continuance traded ns, and to unite all our energies feast, must be poor nideed, and if he under present circumstances. Where against the common enemy of our in- has a family he isposftzveljr answerable the immediate necessity for them is not stitutions. 'Hie taunts, the insults, the for a gu not laying before them such a great, I do not think the State ought abuse that is heaped upon our Stale, * J e “ 1 to be subjected to the heavy expense, should cause every tnic son of ( aroh- doue at so small an outlay. Hub* nor the officers to the inconvenience na to cling to her with an allegiance ot t ■Exchange