University of South Carolina Libraries
Wood rierelii? Insects mid Birds. In the fifth report of the United States Entomological Commission, by Dr. A. S. Packard, may he found a full description of most of our forest pests. More recently the subject was treated by Prof. A. I). Hopkins, entomologist of the West Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, in the official bulletins for last January and February. Considerable time ^ was given to discussing wood-piercing insects and birds during the scientific meetings in Brooklyn in August; both in the botanical section of the A. A. A. S. and in the American Forestry Association, in which Mr. Hopkins, Hon. (?. W. Minicr, M ajor Jed Hotchkiss, Hon. B. E. Fernow, and others participated. What is now attempted is merely to put in a popular form some of these scientific facts and conclusions. Every thoughtful person must feel a degree of alarm at the rapid disappearance of our American forests. The ax, the torch, and other foes that might be named, will soon disrobe our hills and compel costly expedients to be resorted to in order to replace what is being so recklessly destroyed. We should welcome any information that will help us to maintain our natural forests, or to plant successfully cultivated groves, or that will augment the utility, beauty or value of our existing woods. Beetles and grubs mav not make the sensation caused by a forest conflagration, nor do they endanger human life. Yet the reports show that these minor causes destroy annually many million dollars' worth of valuable trees and lumber. For instance, only four years ago, the pine bark beetle invaded the pine lands of Virginia, and the result now is that hundreds of thousands of acres of forest are killed as effectually as if it had been done by a conflagration. Similar devastations are reported from portions of New York, New England, and the Maritime Provinces. If is high time for us to pay attention to wood-boring insects and their enemies. There is a difference in the hahits and methods of these insects: some attacking the healthy wood of thrifty trees, others the substance of injured trees, and others, again, only dead wood, or logs and stumps. The sop wood alone is perforated by certain species, while others pierce the sound heart of the tree. The wormholes vary in diameter from the one-hundredth of an inch to an inch or more, and in length from half an inch to many feet. In many cases they are subsequently enlarged by wood ants, or by the process of natural decay. Minute perforations called "pin holes" are often found in otherwise sound oak and chestnut wood, which are a serious injury to square timbers, planks, staves and headings. These are made by larva? armed with horny gouges, the young <>f certain winged beetles. They pierce through to the heart wood, while other kinds stop in the sap wood. The latter are ii - .1 iii usuauy tne aauits, nowevcr, msteau of the young, the tiny hectics burrowing nests, or even extensive galleries, for the purpose of depositing their eggs. The brood remains imprisoned till matured, when it ('merges to repeat the work of destruction on new material. Ilow great that destructive work is in the aggregate it is impossible now to say, owing to our meager knowledge of facts. By some the depreciated value of the annual lumber output is estimated at fully fifty per cent, and in some cases it is said to reduce the cash returns below the cost of production, while others report comparatively slight loss from the causes indicated. I bit the important and hopeful thing to l>e said is that, by simple and comparatively inexpensive measures, a large per cent of this immense hiss can be prevented. Experiments are being made as to the introduction <if friendly parasites that shall rid our woods of hostile insects. Suggesti'ins have been made as to steaming the infested timber, and other direct modes of attack. But meanwhile much may be done, in a preventive way, by improved methods of managing standing trees, logs and stumps, and manufactured lumber. It seems to be generally conceded that forest beetles will not deposit their eggs on sound living trees, but only at places where a tree has in some manner ncen woukuom. i ins indicates that they may he repelled from such places hy suitable applications. But this is at present practicable only in groves under cultivation. But it has also been observed, by Mr. Hopkins and others, that the beetles will not lav theireggs on dead f O trees, logs, or stumps from which the bark has been removed. Lumbermen know perfectly well that trees felled in certain months will lie for years without being infested by insects; while others felled at a different time of the year will be worm-eaten at once. I sually, even ipiitc intelligent lumbermen will attribute this remarkable difference to the mysterious influence ot the moon. But the true reason, and that of w hich due advantage should be taken, is that while trees felled about the time when the beetles are laving their eggs are almost sure t<> be attacked ; those felled a little later will certainly escape tor that year, and will probably offer no attractions to the invaders by another year, owing to their changed conditions. The rule as laid down by the West Virginia Agricultural Bulletin is: "Take the bark from all logs and felled trees cut between October and April 1, that will have to lie more than one month after the latter date before being converted into lumber, and from all cut between April 1 and October, unless they can be made into lumber immediately after the trees are felled." It might be added that stumps, strippings, and other rubbish of the logging camp, or the clearing, should be burned as soon as possible, for the sake of the livimg trees in their vicinity. Adherence to these simple rules would save our country millions of dollars' worth of timber everv vear. by preventing its destruction or deterioration. Among other methods that have been suggested is the fostering and multiplication of friendly birds that arc known to feed on the hostile insects. These allies are especially valuable in warding oft* those forest pests that are known to attack growing trees. No one can doubt that the woodpeckers, for instance, obtain a large share of their food from the insect world. Hut, on the other hand, it is asserted that the woodpeckers fail to discriminate between pernicious insects and their parasites. It has been determined that the Cleiid beetle is the worst enemy of the European bark beetles, and also that the woodpecker is the greatest foe of the friendly Clerid. Hut, after all, the conviction is firm in our minds that the birds arc among our best friends as insect destroyers, and ought accordingly to share our protection. Their mission in the economy of nature is to thin the ranks of a vast army by which, without their aid, we should be overwhelmed, and our forests would be hopelessly ruined. Some highly suggestive facts have been brought to light by recent investigations as to the conditions of wood resulting from the work done by the Columbian timber beetle. It seems that this insect prefers to attack the healthy sap wood of living trees, where it excavates its galleries and develops its brood without affecting the vitality of the tree. The result of its attack on the oak, birch, tulip, and other trees is of economic interest. The wound made stains the wood above and below it. In white oak the stain extends only a few inches, while in tulip trees the stain may be several feet in length. The stained wood is not unsound, nor is its quality impaired even for a century or more. The stained is caused by a colored liquid proceeding from the wound made by the beetle, and is fully effected within twelve months. Singularly the result does not f? Mow the wounding of dying trees, even when their wood is sound; which shows that the movement of the sap promotes the spread of the coloring matter. The observations made by Mr. Hopkins as to the habits of the woodpecker, commonly called the sapsucker (I'icus pubescens), have convinced him that he peeks the bark altogether for the sap. The punctures thus made at different stages of the tree's growth correspond to the succession of elevations and depressions visible in the annual layers of woo l. Th is is the cause of the beautiful bird's eye poplar. If a lumberman wants it, let him select logs whose bark shows the most work done by the sapsucker. Possibly the bird's-eye maple is due to the same cause. At least it is well known that the sapsucker is extremely fond of the sap of sugar trees, whose bark it pierces bv numerous rows of holes for the purpose. A single bird has been known to make a hundred punctures in the same tree in one season. Sometimes this wounding causes decay. Jhit if otherwise, it is possible that the healed cicatrices arc what make the curly maple. The subject is certainly of sullicient interest to demand further investigation.?in n. iiovky in Scientific A merican. What is Hard Wood ! A recent is-nie of the Timhcrnnui contains the following legal decision in regard to what constitutes hard wo.nl." A certain man had a contract with a railroad company to deliver "hard" cord wood, an I he delivered poplar in part fulfillment of the contract. The roilroad company objected, hut the contractor won his ca-e in court in con sequence of the judges decision that hotanicilly any tree that ha I a leaf as dDtinguishc<l from a needle w is a hard wood; regardless of what the actual texture of its lihre might he. This is strictly in accord with other decisions based upon the technical and commercial nomenclature of the wood. There may he n<> particular reason for saying that Lonibardy poplar or hasswood or Cottonwood is a hard wood, hut Mich it is commercially aa decided by the curls. If this new decision, l?a?cd upon botanical considerations, is sustained, ii will merely add strength to the old position. ? . . Four llig Successes. Having the needed merit to more tlian make good all the advertising c iinied Ibr them, the following four rime lies have reached a phenomenal sale. l?r. King's New Discovery, for consumption, Coughs and Colds, ench bottle guaranteed ? Kb-ciric liittcrs, the great remedy for Kiver, Stomach and Kidneys. Hucklcn's Arnica Salve, the best in the world, ami Dr. King's New Life I'ills. wli oh area perfect | ill. All these remedies are guaranteed to do just what ii claimed for them and the dealer whose name is mt.u'hcd herewith will he glad to tell you more of then, So'd at It ] I'OSKI S Drug Store, What Has Bwu Won. Western democrats have told wherein the tarift' bill is a disappoint- ' mcnt. The great American privilege of letting men who do not act 1 en the square know what we think of them has been exercised against those who spoiled the house bill in the senate. There is the difference between democrats and republicans. The Mclvinley bill was privately denounced by Blaine. Senator Plumb voted acainst it. But the voice of o protest was instantly silenced by parly machine, and the western republicans, who had been forced by the trust-bought managers t<> eat O o their words and abandon their interests, have either said nothing since or have sworn by all that was sacred that the Mclvinley act was the best tariff law ever passed or proposed. Republicans have learned how to give up the right of free speech for the sake of party. Democrats never have learned and never will learn to surrender a single manhood right for the sake of party and politicians. We have spoken our opinion of the senate bill's shortcomings. We have also an opinion to the effect that our representatives and senators collectively have, at the cost of unstained labor and in the face of unnumbered difficulties, passed a bill which is so much a relief that it is a revolution. The influences which withheld much good which elevated eivic wisdom would have bestowed were protection influences. They constituted the remaining strength of a long pampered aggregation of interests which the democratic majority in the senate was not large enough to dislodge. The merits are the democratic part and they are many. The democratic heroes in both houses deserve the highest commendation; for every reduction was a battle with desperate and well-armed partisans of protection. Fifty per cent, of McKinlev taxes have been taken from most of the articles of common consumption. Woolen manufacture, which has lan riii<bi>d in snitc of almost unlimited protection; will be expanded through access t?> the world's wool markets. We shall have cheaper and better clothing and blankets?and we can at last get pure woolens of American manufacture. Steel and iron will preserve a healthy level of prices, instead of being the plaything of alternate scarcity and overproduction. Cotton ties and bagging w ill not be monopolized whenever there is a good crop of cotton. Tin plate duties are fifty pei cent. ics.l. In woolens and knit fabrics the reduction is from one hundred per cent, to an average of thirty-live per cent. This is of great significance, not only because it will cheapen these absolutely necessary articles to the consumer, but because it will stimulate trade with (Jcrmany, Belgium, France and England, where o 1 ~ the demand for our meats, Hour and grain is the largest. The protectionists may ask how foreign trade can be stimulated and home woolen manufacture enlarged at the same time The answer is that consumption w ill increase with great rapidity. Among three-fourths of our people far less of good woolen clothing, carpets and blankets is used than the users would like and would Ifave if they could pay for more. Enlarge their export markets and they 111 enlarge the home market. Our new tarilV w ill have a good effect on business and production. Southern and western democratic members have done their host, and have a great public good to show for their year's labor. Send to Washington a larger majority. Confer upon the democratic party power to change specific to ad valorem duties, so that the inventions which cheapen goods everywhere may go to the benefit of tinpeople. The only tariff which does not reijuire tinkering every session is an ad valorem revenue tariff which adjusts itself to the needs of government and the conditions of production. We want no specific duties, which put low grades of goods under the same charges as high grades, and which keep the same tax in force for years even if invention reduces the natural cost ofan article to one-tenth. The next two objects of tariff reform are free raw materials and ad valorem rates. The people have but one avenue to the reform-?the election of democrats.?Sf, /,,oni* />'<public, Wliere Sonic <;<>. Housewives must often have* wondered n l.nrn ..II ??... ... ? .I.. _ .1 ........ .... iuv in" <" ?un'i iuey | ;isinto the wagon of any one of (ho several hundred ragmen who pass through the alleys with their monotonous cries. These gatherers of old rags take them to warehouses where they are thought in hulk, and then assorted hy girls according to quality. There was a time when most of tho rags were sent to paper I mills. Now a very small proportion of | rags are made into paper, straw and clay 1 iM'ing the chief ingredients. Fine linen paper, so called, is made of rags. Ninety jut cent, of the rags collected, however, go into tho manufacture of "shoddy," of which cheap ready made clothing h manufactured. This stufl is now made up into the brightest and most attractive patterns, and can only he told w hen now from wool bv the expert, and hy experience with the wearer.-- Clothing Man in bt. Ja'UC tiJobo-Vpniocrnt. Labor and the Sugar Trust. The Sugar Trust was formed for I he purpose of limiting production ami increasing the profits of the owners of the ictiucries. It joined in the general pretense of protectionists that the tariff tax was for the benefit of labor, but its performance is more significant than its words. It began by closing down nine refineries. These refineries had a producing capacity of about 11,000 barrows a day. within 1,0(K) barrels of thiTdaily product 'ixdL/.-t wo great llaveuieycr refineries in brooKlyn, which, working tngoiher. produce nearly twice as much as any o.hcr refinery in the country. All the men employed in these closed fuciories, in number more than those now employed by the llitveuioyers, wcro thrown out of work. Not only that, nut the falling off iu the deiiaud for labor reduced the wages paid to those who retained their employment in the refineries. The clrunc er of the work cnubled the refineries to employ the cheapest kind of lubor. Most of the workingmcn arc l'olcs and Hungarians ; a few are Hermans. They :ire obliged to work twelve hours a d?y for SI."JO. 1'his is equal lo $1 for a day of ten hours, or 80 cents for n day of eight hours. The work is of the hardest and is done under hard conditions. The heat is terrific, ranging on the first floor up to loO degrees, the average being 125 degrees. The men are victims of frequent prostration from heat and tiie ambulance service of neighboiing hospi'als is constantly in demand. One man who jumped from (he window ol the Havemcyer \ Klder refinery is said to have been crazed by the heat. The Sun, a 1'rotectioD newspaper, on June 15>, 18H4, had this to say of the condition of labor in the Ilavemeyer & Elder refinery : The excessive heat is causing much suffering among ihe thousands of employees in the Williamsburg sugar refineries. Already there have been many prostrations. During the corresponding hot spell last year there were, it is said, more than a thousand cases of prostration from the intense heat in the buildings. The ambulance service became practicilly useless, and n'l that could be done was to carry the victims out of the refineries and leave them in the street to get home as best they could. Many of the victiu s die l. There is nothing to be added to this picture. The employer of these unfoitunatc workingmcn is the trust that begged for legislation in their name and fina'ly purchased from both patties the power to limit production, to distress labor and to declare dividends of from 75 to 285 per cent, on i*s investment.?Ex. Early fall is an excellent time to set out small ft nit >-atvl provide agaiust that lack of them which we felt so keenly during the heated term. Raspberries, blackberries and en rants are all deservedly popular and licaltby food, and they possess the great merit of requiring very little cultivation. lilackberr.es and raspberties may be grown on any soil except a very heavy clay or one that is liable to remain water-soaked, i'iicy are generally propagated by cuttings and should he p anted so as to allow* the roots to grow before the ground freezes. Ii is considered bcnefical to cut hack the canes to within s;x inches of the irround after planting. The earth should be pressed firmly about theiu so that the so 1 and roots may come into close contact. ltaspbcrrics shou'd he set about four feet apart, and b'.uckberries six or seven The red varieties of raspberries are not so hardy as tlie black or the blackberries. All, however, require to be heavily mulched with manure before winter, if manure is not accessible, an extra amount of earth should be placed ab ut the plants, but it must be removed in Ibc spring lied raspberries wjll yield excellent crops for eight years, and fair ones for another eight, while blackberries wi'l last even longer. A raspberry bed m iy be formed in the full with a little care, so as to give fruit the next year. This is r.cc inplishcd by digging up plants with a quantity of earth about them and ca:efully ns-tling and watering tliein. The tips must then be shortened in and half the f.liuge removed from the ciucs, which should be left about three feet in length. Currants nnd gooseberries deserve to be much more extensively grown than tlicy are at present. They are tare annual an I abundant bcireis, arc grown wi'h little trouble and require only to be kept ftce from weeds. Currants are propagated with ihe greatest ease from cuttings, which should be less than a foot in length when set. They should be insert el blunting, s<? that only the top hud is above the ground. They will do well on any kind of soil, but, as a rule, the richer the s >i s and the better the cultivation the heavier the crop and the larger the berries l'.enty of moisture is required. The pi i.its need renewing every six or tight years. Gooseberry cuiiings also root easily, I ut many prcfir :ayeritig. The gooscbuty is a gross feeder and requires a rich, moist loam, hut ti< t too we'. They will not stand drought or crowding. A little shade i? a'so essential When grown in the full sun the fruit is apt to mildew < n ihe sunny side. The general cultivali u is much the same ntiiat of the currants, hut more care is rc |iiir<u. The I'.nclisli va ie ies arc much finer than tlie native, hut urj a'so more I in 1.1*> t.i mil it., iv 'I'll i. iIkimiho pjiii i I I'M' ever, be successfully l<cj>t in check by mean* of Kpi'Av pumps ami fungicides.?Exchmiy ? >AyAyAiy^iy^A. In :j Poor iHealth j I , 'means so much more than ' , 'you imagine?serious and' ,'fatal diseases result from" , 'trilling ailments neglected.' ,' I )on't play with Nature's' , 'greatest gift?health. ' IK you re fccline ' out of Sorts, weak , > KrntlttYC h?u*?ed, nervous, ( ' ', UIUWID KS'^nd', , begin at once ink- , , w ing t lie most Telia-, * I t+S\r% ,,|r strengthening , , 11(111 medicine,which is . , XI v/ll Brown's Iron Hit- , , ters. A few hot - ( a , ties cure-benefit , ? Kj44/\mm comes from the, , |l| T T OrC very first .lose- it , I UillV/i J y-?r t , tirtU, and it's , pleasant to take. , It Cures * i ? Dyspepsia, Kidney and Liver ? , ' Neuralgia, Tro"blcs, ' ( t ' Constipation, Bad Blood Malaria, Nervous ailments i ' , Women's complaints. , ' S Oct only the genuine it lias crossed re.) ' f lines on the wrapper. All others are sub- ' \ stitutcs. (>11 receipt of two ac. stamps we 1 W will send sot ol Ten Beautiful World's1 ^ Fair Views and book fire. ' t BPOWN CMLMICAL CO. FtAI TlMOPE, MO * , For sale by l?. I'. I'osey and The t'nion l'rujt fo FROM THE NATIONAL CAPITAL Wasiiikuton, D C, Spt. 17(li.?Since the adjournment of Congress, and the deJ part lire of the Knights of Pythias, the Capital City has beeu quiet. The early weeks in September, however ore generally the dullest in the year. Congressmen who were renominated arc in their respective districts on their bicnnicl campaign. The Cabinet officials, except Secretary Carlisle, have left iheir portfolio's with the'r assistants, either for recreation or outside work, .-ecrctary Herbert, of the Navy, is expected to return iu a day or s> f-oin his annual tour of inspection. Many of the Chiefs of Departments, are also at their voting placer for the primaries. While the busiuess of "Unc e Saiu" moves on smoothly. The Democratic and Republican Campaign Committees arc busily engaged in disiributiug literature a id iu arranging details in the CongrcsM- i.al districts. The Popu'ist are not very aggressive, but are looking for a chance to fuse with ei'lier party. Secretary Carlisle and Public Printer lienedict, say that "to the victors belong the spoils." Changes have been ruadc in tlieii departments t > suit many democrats win nvis T?1? ill'g IU1 1 IIC iva'CS 10 Hill. A statement issued by the Treasury l)e pnrttnent shows that the amount ofni >ney in circulation September 1st was Sil.ORi.GTl.dHl, or at the rate of $23,'.W per capita ol population This is a decrease of %?:34?t>, (HK), as compared with September 181)3. gold coin and bullion in the Treasury Sep tcmber 1st was ?121,51)0,142, as ngainsl ?120,88-'>,801), the preceding month. In an editorial on the South's possibilities, the "News" of iliis city, con'aiucd these en couragiog words; ".Men any talk as tnucli a* they choose about the nation being confronted by the perilous possibilities ot land exhaustion, but their words are vain as long as the.South contains s) many possibilities of land improvement under the li<?iid of intelligent, in lu-tiious and patient men, win realize that no one is more independent than the possessors ami worker of small farms. The recent iv organization of the Richmond ami Lbinvi le tailroad, as the Southern Railway will prove a boon to the South. Its operations are exclusively in the South, and embracj 4,.700 miles of roadway, representing in -rc than a hundred million dollars cap1 tal. Washington is a greit educitioml cen'er, there are various institutions here, and prominent nniong them is ilic Windsor College of Phrenology. with Prof. Wm. Windsor, L. L. b. P. II. 1>. as president, and, Madame Lilla Windsor, vice-president. The College is in its sicond year and the classes are flattering. Pro'. Windsor is ajso President of the Winds-r Scientific, Religions and Renevolcnt Associuioti of America. ISy a recent act of congress ollicia's of t-he government occupying judiciary positions, can give their bonds through orgauized surety companies. This is desirable since otlicials will not be o impelled to resort to special friends to sign their bonds, to whom they would nntura ly feel under obligu ions. South Carolina is well represented in this city, but compared with suae other states its ipiota is not full. .Much interest is manifested here in 'he campaign there. Senator Puller's lone Sl-l-vieo ill I 111. Sen,.la ti.iu Ilia,la ?-> -~~ *"v ^v,,,,vv """ """ "v lii 111 many friends who hope for his return, while Gov. Tilliuin has followers who wouM linil liis cutting with pleasure. The l'nlmetto State is the only i ne with a negro representative in congress, and it is hoped that her efforts in this campaign will give her a solid democratic delegation. Southern Governors arc much displeased at the course of 'lie linglish committee to inves iga'c Lynching* in the South. Your Governor expressed himself very erelitaby on the que tion, while Mr. Frank Httlledge, a'so of your Sta'e, said a few nights ago at the "Normandie in this city that,'' it is the rankest piece of impudence, the most consumnte cxliibiton of Ihitish gsll that modern history has a Horded. Such a cour.-e is founded on ignorance of our laws and institutions. They will liud out their mls'uke before many days uf investigation." The Louisnna sugar planters arc much frustrated over Secretary Carlisle's decision against the sugar bounty, while the consumers arc pleased to know that the ] rice of sugar will not lie inatoiially advanced. Taylor, the negro llecorder of l)eeds, is in troublous waters. It is expected that the President will ask for his resignation on account of violating civil service rule*. The Sovereign Grind Lodge of Odd Fellows has been invited to hold its next session in this oiiy. The action of the president of the Cable Car Company of this city in refusing to obey the order of the commissioners to suspend the movement of Cars 011 labor day, during the parade, will likely cost hint Ins position. The labor unions are very pronounced in denouncing ld< course. Among South Carolinans visiting the (ity the past week we are pleased to note : Win A. Nicholson. I'nion: W. C. Cievelnnl, Mrs. Willie C. Williams, Miss Annie Norwood, Geo. T. P?urr, Greenville; W. S. llun'er, Seneca : Geo. T. 1> nighty, Chester ; I,. W. Wh te, Ahbevi! e. II. 1 - _ : FANT BROS. HEADQUARTERS FOR GRO CERIES. A LARUK STOCK OF M KAI,, FLOU1I, Mi /V* X>I\, SALT AND OTHER OUOfKlurS ALWAYS 0> HAND. Tlii' Heirless Mapnlia Hams, AND 15EST 100 PER (-KNT F L O U R . SUGAR. COFFEE, TEA, ? AND ? MCY GROCERIES. BAGGING. TIES, ETC i>i:ntihtkv. toAni. ? DR. H K SMITH'S DKNTAIi ItOOMM <?v r.n- A II FOSTER & CO S STORE COCAINI; i si:i? IN i:\ri;\? 11NO IT.I.TII i Jau. 0-1-ly. II E A V V FANCY GROCERIES. FLOUR, MEAL, MOLASSES, SUGAR, COFFEE, BACON LARD, AND SALT. ; Best Banquet Hams. KEROSENE OIL, MACHINE OIL, ETC. 11AGGING AND TIES. FULL STOCK OF FLU (J AND SMOKING TOBACCO. : PLANTATION HARDWARE.: Fresh supplies of everything in the Grocery line always on hand at rock bottom prices, at W. II. SARTOR'S. ? ON THIS COKNELt ? Pop 11 o7 1> e. 1. i> TJ li OFFICE : has been overhauled and enlarged. We are now prepared to do JOB WORK 'vj I fc/ IN ALL ITS BRANCHES. PATRONIZE HOME INDUSTRIES AND BRING YOUR JOB WORK TO THE UNION TIMES CO. IF YOU WANT AN ?10 ix c; x > 10 ? YOU WANT Till: 11KST, TIIKN 15UY A ? T O Z E IFt , ? An 1 you will have the engine bui t. I tumiif cturc three style.", 1MI{TAI1I,K, SBMll'OKTAULB AND STATIONERY. The TO/Kit litis stood the test foryiars and never tailed to give satisf ction. They use about .J the fuel and water ol other makes. Steam is easily raised in from '.Jtt to :!() minutes. Full line a'ways in etoik. Write for pr'ccs. ? kki'aik wohk rttoMrri v t:\r.ct rr.n ? J NO A. WILLIS, Columbia, S C. Aug. IT Hoe 1. : "N1GL STOCK AND FINE WORK" THAT IS TUB VKHDKT OF OUR CUSTOM BUS. MONUMENTS ' ^ TOMBSTONES , Best of stock and line vrotk at BBSS ('< 1ST than any cunpeting house in tlie South. C3- E O . GEDDES, ? t'nion MAitnt.r work* ? O. L. SCI 11< it l-.i-II'T. T. It. IHTLI'.lt, SUICITOR ;fH CIRCUIT. U. S. OMMHthX F. R SCHU1VIPERT & BUTLER, ' ATTORNEYS AT LAW. 3 1-2 LAW RANGE, UNION, S. C. Dusinev. intrusted in our hands wi 1 rei cive our immclia<e a t uition. March It>-11 -If. IN o (icMi. "J^TOTK'B i- hereby given tliit we will it npp'y ,0 'he Uencral Assembly id South Carolina, at its next sei-sion, lor a charter iiiCnrporu'ing the t'hi<?|ir and tireenville II i ma I Company ; sail mad to be run from Choice, S. C., to Oreenville, ? S, C., hy the niosl praelieabje route C l? I \ II It \IJ, Ag'l I'or Orporuior*. I Auj ?A ui-OWI'OIOUI. MASTERS SALES. i'tii! UUTOBEK. 1894. The State of South Carolina. COUN rV~OF UNION, la the Court of Common Picas. Win. A. Nicholson, Plaintiff, vs. A. L>. Swell aud J. W. Sweat, Defendants. IN obedience to an order mnde in Iho above sla'ed cise by IiU Honor Judge It. C. Watts, 1 will sell at Union Courthouse, on Snlesd iy, 1st. October 1894, during the li g?| lion s of sale, the following described lands to wit : All that |iareel or lot of land situated in Union Cuuu y; iState afore-mid containing one huudrvd a id forty-three acres, more or lesj, bounded by lands off. N. Kelly, Is?nc Knox, East by /act; Johnson, bciugthc tract purchase! by lvizihetli f. Sweat from James Eaves. II;UMS OF S\LK. Onc-lia'f cash. bil: nee iu one year, willi interest from day of sa'c. secured by oond of the parcha-cr and Mortgage of the premises. t'. II l'KAKK, Master for Union County. Master's Office, Sep. I I, lH'jJ. Sep. 1') 37 -It. SHERIFF'S SALES, 1*0II OCToBKK, I MO. BV \iitue of an execution to nte directed, 1 will sell before the Court House door, in the totvn of L'niiii, on Monday the first day of October next, during the legal bouts of Sheriff's Sales, the following described propeity to-wit: All the interest tint James (!. Love owns in the tutneial in one tract of land shunted, lying and Icing in Union County, cmttainng one hundred and forty-four acres, more or less, bounded on the north by the Kennedy dower t act, on the east by Broad Uiver, on the south by other lands of Jatues G. Live, on the west by the flint 11 <11 tract. Levied mi and to he sold u< the property of Jauies G. Love at the Mi l of llion an 1 Mclvis-ick I'iu ntitl a against James G. Lore LUfeudan'. J.G. LONG, S. U. C. Sheriff's Olliec, Sept. lOilt Lv'4. Sept. ll-:57-:Jt. Spectacles mill Eyc-Gkisses FROM 25 CTS- UP. j CARRIAGE PAINTS 50 CTS. A CAN. A FULL LINE OF T ATIONERY. > - :? I'cH'iiiiiery, Famy Tuilcl Soap, DRUGS AND DRUG SUNDRIES TO SUIT THE HARD TIMES UNION DRUG CO. ^ July 2u--'J-ly. BUY BEST MATERIAL TO YOUR ADVANTAGE r ius.U FLEMING CEMENT & BRICK CilMPANY. HEADQUARTERS FOR ALL MASONS' SUP PLIES. 270 EAST BAY. Charleston, S. C. LIME, PLASTER, HOSESDALE, i:N(.hlSll l'OUTIi.VNI) CK31KXT, ALL IZES TERIIA COTTA PIPE. rim: muck and ci.ay. iiaiii. muck, TILLS, LTU. MIXED LOIS. CAR LOAD LOTS. Agent for the Oe^brated Roi k Wall Plaster. LARGEST DEPOT IN THE SOUTH. WAREHOUSE ON R. R. TRACK. ? whin: Fun ruiuvs ? BUILDING BRICK A SPECIALTY. Sept. 7 G'i tint. /f/'.'X TIRED, WEAK, NERVOUS, Could Hot Sleep. ' Prof. Tj. r>. Edwards, of Preston, Idaho, says: "I was all run down, weak, nervous and irritable through overwork. I fluttered from brain fatigue, mental depression, etc. 1 became so weak and nervous that I could not sleep, I would arise tired, discouraged and blue. I began taking Dr. Miles' Nervine I and now everything is changed. I sleep soundly, 1 feel bright, actlvo and ambit ious. I can do more in one day now than I used to do in a week. For this great good I give Dr. Miles* Restorative Nervine the sole credit. It i Cures." * l)r. Miles' Nervino Is sold 011 a nosltlT? I guarantee that the llrst ln>ttIo will oencflt. ! All <lril?KlStH sell it lit CI, fl bot t les for or > ? .1 .V K,rnl i ,>r^P:kl''1 on focolnt of prlro l>y tlio Dr. bliicd Medical Co., Elkhart, liid. -rumr*** _ JCT"-" , * Ji' sal^ by 14. T. l'ysoy, Druggist, ^