University of South Carolina Libraries
.??????????????????M THE QUESTION OF GOOD ROADS. The Grievous Meed of Them and What is Being Done to Improve the Present Bad, System in this Country. (By F.. Prescott-Bul*ock. ) At all times of the year is felt the great impoitance Of good country roads, but at no time more so than when the cro]?s begin to be hauled to market. Those who reside in the towns and cities need the good roads every bit as much as the farmer, for with them i;he latter is permitted in all conditions of weather to deliver ais produce with ease, lessens the ex? pense of keeping stock in good order and reduces to a minimum the wear and tear on the wagons. Good roads are compara ti vley free from dost in . the summer, and, mud in the spring, fall and winter, they make it con? venient to send the children to school, for the family to attend church, they bring more nrade to the merchant, and are easier for the physician to visit his country patients. They are a benefit to th* health, wealth, prosperi? ty and general welfare of a county. Bad roads represent an actual money value taken from the people. It has always been admitted that the United States is sadly deficient in good high? ways, and noted for its immense num? ber of roads utterly impassable in bad weather, but the standing excuse has been that it is such a new country, there has not been time for such im? provements. . This is of the lamest, for no other nation on the face of the earth has ac? complished in the same time, one hundredth part that the United States has. We have more railroads, tele? graph and telephone lines, have im? proved moie rivers, conquered more forests, watered more arid plains than all the rest of the world com? bined. To the bicycle however is due the first, of the great agitation which is now taking hold of the entire coun? try in the interests of good roads. It was next taken up by the Government and now is a matter of legislation in most all of the States. The question of what constitutes a good road has been studied out by the Deparian?nt of Agriculture and pamphlets by the ton showing just how a road should be constructed and preserved have been published, distributed, "and may be had simply for the asldng. Experiment stations ?ave been established where lessons in road making are given. .Each State has its own peculiar problem to solve and its difficulties to overcome owing ' to the various formations of the land and soil, but actual experience has proven that when the proper efforts are made, the good road is made. The greatest trouble has been that the money an nauliy expended upon our roads has been used in an unmethodical manner. What is required, is that those in charge of these matters, should work with reference to a general plan-such as better surface, adjustment of grades, and, where practical, shorten? ing of distances. Without this, no matter how well intentioned, the work will be futile. It is a vast enterprise to reconstruct the roads of this coun? try, but a perfect system of highways would be ?he most magnificent present possible to the nation, or state. The most practicable way of accomplishing this, that I can suggest is the estab? lishment of a department of roads as a state bureau, with a sufficient number of trained surveyors and engineers who must prepare maps by counties, with the roads divided into two classes, highways and common roads, selected -with careful consider? ation for uhe future, as well as present wants, and submit these maps to a board of county officials. At the start it is not necessary to nave the highways of uniformly ex sjpsnsiY? construction throughout their length. As an illustration, take a highway t)f twenty miles, connecting the coun? ty seat with some other centre, and estimating the cost - at SI, OOO a?mile, the road would cost complete $20,000. Let this twenty miles be divided into sections, and the road out from each centre be improved in proportion to the radius of the population-that is, let the road five miles ont each way receive attention first, and the largest expenditure of ready money, while the rest, or the ten miles in the middle, be worked to best advantage with the remainder of the funds. This is an equitable adjestment from the fact that the travel and population rapidly diminish from the centres and there? fore the road receives the greatest part of the wear near the towns. This appears to involve a sum of money much too great to be practi? cable, but by the issuance of county bonds, running over a period of twenty or even forty years, the actual expense will be borne by two generations, and the expenditure of this sum of money in the several counties, and the op? portunities it will give for work, will cause a substantial increase in pros? perity, as the money will all be dis? tributed among the working men of each district. Ona pf the most important factors i in keeping roads in good order is the j ilse of wide tires for all wagons carry? ing heavy loads. The wheels will cost a little more at first, but the saving in wear of horse flesh and of wagons, and in repairs needed upon the roads will many times repay the outlay. It has been shown by experiments in every part of the country that a double team can draw upon an ordi? nary wagon with three inch tires just twice as heavy a load as upon a wagon with the usual narrow tire?, and tlye wide tires keep dirt roads in order'by constantly rolling them./ In some places in Pennsylvania where turnpike roads prevail, upon which toll'is charged, the toll for a wagon with three inch tires is one half the usual rates, and wagons with four inch tires pass free. A good road system would be the greatest aid, and the most substan? tial One, that the state can give to the agricultural classes. Rydales Elixir. The new scientific discovery for diseases of the throat and lungs, acts upon a new principle differing greatly from the old style Cough Medicines which are compos? ed chiefly of wild cherry and tar, which do little more than stimulate the lining of the throat and lungs. Rydales Elixir strikes at the root of the trouble, it kills the mi? crobes that cause throat and lung diseases. It removes the cause and hastens recovery by helping nature restore the diseased . or? gans i;o health For sale by ail dealers. ROW A "BAS BEEN" LIVES. Manages to Exist on Small Sum by His FrugaSness. Seventy cents pays for a week's lodging. To eat more than-twice a day is not deemed necessary. On Park row and the Bowery are several cellar restaurants where 5 cent?; can procure a "square meal." The meals are not totally bad, and the bill of fare is quite pretentious. Pork and beans, pea soup, stew, hash and hard boiled eggs comprise the menu and with each item four slices of bread and a bowl of coffee are served.- "Has beens" who are out of work or who be? long to the positively idle elass resort to the penny soup stands,, where a cup of soup or a cup of coffee and one slice of bread are sold for 1 cent. Two meals., at S cents a day, bring the board bill up to 70 cents for the week. Substracting this, as well as the hotel bill, from the original sum of $3 the "has been" finds himself the pos? sessor of the substantial balance of $1.60. Free barber schools, where ap? prentices to the barber's trade perfect themselves, take care of a "has been's" tonsorial effectiveness. His hair is cut and his beard shaved. off for no other expense than a few occasional drops of blood or a bit of skin. His laundry work is done by himself at his lodging house. If the wardrobe needs replenishing the old clothes market, where sales occur daily, at Bayard and Elizabeth streets, is visited. Pieces of wearing apparel, hats, shoes and linen, not good enough to be bought by the second hand dealers, who have first choice of the wares .brought from uptown by the "old clo'es" peddlers, are offered on the street corner, and are bought for a mere pittance. After a purchase a "has been" makes the necessary repairs and feels a real sat? isfaction in his bargain. The Southerner Abroad. The Macon Telegraph says during the persecution of its Protestants France gave of its best blood to other countries, including the United States. Likewise the Southern States during the intolerable era of reconstruction gave of their best blood to the West, and later even to the North. In 1S60 there were 950,000 Southern-born white people living in the North and Wes'uj and in 1900 this number had in? creased to 1,500,000, while in 190? the number of people from other parts of the Union who had bcome citizens of the South was 750,000-only half the number the South has furnished other sections. Such are the interest? ing statistics presented by Mr Rich? ard H. Edmunds, of Baltimore, in an address before the Alabama Polytech? nic Institute, showing that the South has given much more than it has re? ceived through this interchange. On this point Mr. Edmunds says that "measured by whatever standard you may, whether by mere numbers or by material accomplishments, whether in the past or the present, the South has given to the upbuilding bf the na? tion far more in numbers, in energy, in brain and brawn, than it has re? ceived from other sections." This presents a very different view of the matter from the traditional Northern notion so often shown to be a fallacy that Northern emigrants are the life and soul of the modern industrial. South. It would be interesting to know how far this view of the Southerner abroad would be accepted. It has long been accepted in New York, but we hear less with regard to other Northern and Western centres. "The professional and commercial importance of the Southerners in New York,' says the Sun, commenting on Mr. Edmunds' showing, "exceeds that of the emi? grants from any other part of the Un? ion, unless it be New England. In law, medicine and the church our Southern-born inhabitants have won distinction, and in business they hold a foremost place. Our indebtedness to the intellectual vigor of the South is great and obvious : and generally the emigration thence to other parts of the Union has been rerfiarkble for the high quality of ability it brought." But the South has not been, robbed of its strength by its gifts to other sections, as Mr. Edmunds shows by those figares of extraordinary indus? trial development with which the most of us are. pretty familiar by this time. Commenting on the showing, the ap? preciative Sun remarks: "Great as has been the draft by other parts of the Union on the South, it still re? tains sufficient masterful ability in its almost undiluted American stock to proceed successfully to the further and j complete development of ono of the most resourceful regions on the face cf the globe. It is a strong race down there, as even the most casual traveler discovers by his observation of the people he sees as he hurries through it" - m m ? - - ' A Crooked Cashier. Raleigh N. C., August 4.-A special from Newbern, N. C., says: On ac? count of an alleged shortage in the accounts of T. W. Dewey, cashier of the Farmers' and Merchants' Bank, of this city, the bank has been compel? led to go into liquidation. The amount of the alleged shortage is large, but the sum has net yet been ascertained. There will be "no trouble about paying all depositors and creditors in full. Mr. Dewey, the cashier, left this city last Saturday night, stating that he would return either on Monday night or Tuesday morning. He has not returned and it is not known where he is. J. O. Ellington, the State bank ex? aminer, is here to look after the inter? est of all parties interested. The bank offers a reward of 8500 for the apprehension and return to this city of Cashier Dewey. There is a newspaper scandal in Alabama and the newspapers are not keeping on the cover. Secretary Rountree of the press association is charged with making the annual trip of the press financially profitable to himself. Passes intended for newspa? per men were sold to lawyers, bankers and others. Then the whole party on a late trip to Canada was assessed ?29 each, or $5,365 in tho aggregate, for Pullman car service. It developes that Secretary Rountree paid but 81,440 to the Pullman company. Certain it is that Roundtree isn't square.-The State. SQUIRE BAILES WINS. A Conflict in York County in Refer? ence to Removal or Non-Remov? al of a Magistrate. Columbia, August 4.-For some time Governor Heyward has had und?r con? sideration a petition, signed by num? erous prominent citizens of York County, asking for the summary re? moval from office of Willard O. Bailes, notary public of that county. A few days after the receipt of the 'first peti? tion an equally large one composed also of representative men was sent in by the friends of the notary public asking Governor Heyward to take no action whatever in the matter. The allegations for his removal are in gen? eral terms and make no- specific charges of such nature as warrant his removal. No proof of any illegal acts are ad? vanced, and inasmuch as the petitions for removal and the counter petitions to retain Mr. Bailes in office present; only general propositions the Gover? nor does not feel warranted in remov? ing the notary public until some specific charges with proof, are ad? duced. It should be noted, too that the petitions contain the statement by re.'.iable parties that a prosecution has been pending against Mr. Bailes, and the Governor feels that the Courts should first take action before he is called upon to consider the matter, for the very obvious reason that if the jury should acquit the officer no legal complaint exists against him. During this investigation the fact was developed that this officer notori? ously advertised for business. This the Governor highly disapproves of, as well as some of the other general con? duct of the notary. But these matters aie not such as to warrant the re? moval of the officer, as they involve purely ethical, and not legal, ques? tions. The Governor thinks that, in view of the petitions and counter petitions and all of the other evidence, the benefit of the doubt should be given 1 to the officer, as it is a presumption of law that all officers do their duty, and that should he be removed there is no further redress for him, but in ! declining to remove him the matter is I still open for such further proof as the parties petitioning for his removal deem advisable to adduce. IH THE INTEREST OF EDUCATION. Columbia-, S. C., Aug. .">.- The Southern Educational Board gave to the State of South Carolina 31,700 to be used for educational purposes in the counties of this State, and so far the central committee, consisting of Governor Heyward, State Superin? tendent Martin and President Johnson, of Winthrop, have expended about $300. Tlie work will be pushed short? ly in the countties of Pickens, Saluda, Chester, Lancaster and others, and Mr. Martin has sent out the following circular to all county superintendents: "My Dear Sir: If you have any com? munities desiring to consolidate schools, build new school houses, levy special taxes, start libraries or make any.other forward movement in the line of education, our central cam? paign committee would be.pleased to help you in holding an educational meeting or rally at these places. "We can help you to the extent of paying travelling expenses of speak? ers. There are numbers of prominent and useful men in various professions in all parts of the State who will gladly help in this work, and, while, we have some meetings already plan? ned, we might arrange for more-es? pecially during the month of August, while farmers are not busy. If you organize any such meetings, please send your program to cur committee for its approval. "Governor Hey ward and I have about as many engagements as we can make, so I hope you will select ether speakers, and I shall be present at as many meetings as possible." BIG STORM IH ST. LOUIS. St. Louis, Mo., August ?.-One of the heaviest storms of the year, but of brief or. ration, swept over St. Louis this afternoon. The furious wind tore through the World's Fair grounds, kill? ing Theodore Richter, a florist, prob? ably fatally injuring A. R. Clark, a carpenter, and seriously injuring seven other workmen, besides causing dam? age to World's Fair buildings and other property generally throughout the city to the extent of $10, COO. ' The day had been extremely warm, the temperature registering 94 de? grees. Suddenly the sky began to grow dark and soon the storm broke with the force of a gale. At the World's Fair grounds the ag ricultual building was struck by the gale and six laborers, woking on scaf? folding, were hurled to the ground. Theodore Richter, a florist from Kirkwood suburb, was on the ground running to shelter when a flying plank struck him. The World's Fair department turned out and hastily dug the injured men from the debris and hurried them to the hospital. A. R. Clark was so badly injured that it is believed he will die. - II i ? H ?II mm - THE AMERICAN NAVY. Our navy consists of 100 vessels and vessels under construction, accord? ing to figures collected by Capt. Sigs beo. The existing fleet consists of 10 'first class battleships, 112,329 tons 10 other battleships and coast' defense ironclads, 41,002 tons: 2 armored cruisers, 17,415 tons two first class pro? tected cruisers of 14,750 tons displace? ment 12 second class protected cruisers 47,100 tons; 23 unprotected and partially protected cruisers of 32,111 tous; G gunboats, 4,020 tons; 12 tor? pedo boat destroyers, 5,259 tons 25 first class torpedo boats, 285 tons, and 1 submarine boat of 75 tons displace? ment. The vessels building are 9 first class battleships, aggregating 131,200 tons; 2 other battleships and coast de? fense vessels of 6,428 tons S armored cruisers, 1U,8C0 tons: 3 first-class protected cruisers of 28,000 tons; 6 second class protected cruisers, 18,000 tons: 4 destroyers, 1,620 tons: 5 first class torpedo boats, of 1,116 tons, and 7 submarines of 840 tons. We are building no unprotected cruisers, no gunboats and no second classs torpedo boats. The Net Work Giri. She wears a net.work waist, Her stockings .are network too: I look at her network sleeves and see Her soft arms gleaming through, When she raises her fluffy skirts A little way, ah, me ! I see the dainty bits of white That peep through the filligree. You say it is rude of me To look through her network waist, Or to gaze below when she lifts her skirts. So dainty and eke so chaste? Nay, say not so ! It were rude If I should neglect to see, Fer why is she wearing her network things If not to be seen by me? -New York Herald. Is Indigestion a Disease ? The best medical authorities say that in? digestion is not always caused by a dis? eased stomach, but may result from a dis? ordered liver, constipation, excitement, etc. The cause is of little -consequence when Rydales Stomach Tablets are taken, as they never fail to digest the food, check fermentation, free the stomach from ir? ritating acids and an excess of gas. They relieve at once, Belching, Heartburn, Sour Stomach, Fullness after Eating, etc. Ry- I dales Stomach Tablets have a specific ton- ! ic effect on the stomach and organs of as- j similation and are guaranteed to cure the j worst forms of stomach trouble. For sale j by all dealers. I ^-?-HINDIPO ^^R^?W-^i Made a 4 Well Man THE "^Sh of Me. GrREAT _ TfRENCH REMEDY produces the above result in 30 days. Cutes Nervous Debility .Impotency. Fariapccle, Failing Memory. Stops ali drains and Josses caused by errors of youth. It wards off In? sanity and Consumption. Young Men regain Man? hood and Old Men recover Youthful Vigor. It gives vigor and size to shrunken organs, and fits a man for business or marriage. Easily carried in the vest pocket. Price TH P TC 6 Boxes $2.50 hy mail, in plain pack-Oy u I ??age, w?t? TOitten guarantee. DR. JEAN O'HARRA. Pa?i$ China's Drug Store. ^^9^^^ COPYRIGHTS &C. Anyone sending a sketch and description may quickly ascertain our opinion free whether an invention is probably patentable. Communica? tions strictly confidential Handbook on Patents sent free. Oldest agency for securing patents. Patents taken through Munn & Co. receive sveciai notiez, .without charge, in the Scientific ?rica?. A handsomely illustrated weefc'y. Largest cir? culation of any scientific Journal. Terms. $3 a rear: four months, $L Said by all newsdealers. "M & G8.36,ErK:<te'- Raw York Branch Office, K5 F St.. Washington. D. C. We claim to be the Lowest Priced Whiskey House. We really sell ?whiskey ss low at $1.10 per gallon, and mind yon, distilled whiskey-not a decoction Of chemicals-but, of course, it's new and under proof. "Casper's Standard" 10 year old whiskey is a liquid joy ! It is actually produced by honest Tar Heels in the mountain section of North Carolina by the old time process. Every drop is boiled over open furnace wood ?res. in old style copper stills, in exactly the same way it was made by our grandfathers a century ago. First rate whiskoy is sold at *5 to s6 per gallon, but is not any better than "Casper's Standard." It is the best produced and must please every customer, or we buy it back with gold we are incorporated under the laws of N. C., with an authorized capital of ?100,000.00, and the People's National Bank and Piedmont Savings Bank of "Winston-Salem, N. C., will tell you our guarantee is good. This old, honest, mild and mellow whiskey is worth si per quart, but to more fully introduce "Casper's Standard" we o^er sample shipments of this brand at half price (packed in plain sealed boxes). 5 Quarts $2.95. 10 Quarts $5.00, Express Prepaid Anywhere in U. S. All orders and remittances (in stamps, cash or by check, etc..) as well as requests for confidential price list must be addressed as follows : W. S. CASPER C0.; Winston-Salem, N. C., U. S. A. MAIN OFFICE AND WAREHOUSES : Nos. 1045-48 Liberty and 1. 3,4 and 5 Mapie Sis. Deligistful Beverase Invigorating, Healthful, Containing the Mineral Ingredients of Glenn Springs Mineral Water. Glenn Springs Carbonated Mineral Water a delightful table water, and positive cure for dyspepsia. Gives immediate relief from indi gestion. For sale by J. F. W. DeLorme, The Sumter Drug Co., A. J. China, and the Sumter Phar? macy. May 27 V AUGUST 19th. ATLANTIC COAST LINE ANNUAL SEASHORE EXCURSION TO IIGHTSVILLE BEACH, 1C., OLD POINT COMFORT, Vi, 1 VIRGINIA BEACH, YA., [ OCEAN VIEW, VA., J Rates From Sumter $5.50 7.50 Tickets on sale Wednesday, August 19th, good to return until September 2d, 1903 t hrough Pullman Sleepers and train service to Norfolk. For reservations or any information apply to, J. T. CHINA, T. A., W. J. CRAIG, Sumter, S. C. Gen. Pass. Agent, ? Aug 5-19 Wilmington, N. C. $100,000.00 Capital. THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK of Sumter, S. C. THE Comptroller of the Currency hav? ing approved the increase of the Capital of this Bank to ?100,000.00, depositors now have as security for their deposits : Capital, - - - ?100,000 00 Stockholders' Individual Lia ! bility, - - . 100,000 00 Surplus and Undivided Prof? its, - - - 25,000 00 . _____ Total Security for Depositor?, ?225,000 00 ONLY NATIONAL BANK IN CITY OF SUMTER. Largest Capital of any Bank in this section of South Carolina. Strongest Bank in Eastern part of this State. Interest allowed on deposits to a limited amount. BOARD OF DIRECTORS. A. J. CHINA, President. NEILL O'DONNELL, Vice President. H. D. BARNETT, R. D. LEE, G. A. LEMMON, JOHN REID, E. P. RICHER. R. L. EDMUNDS, Cashier. R. D. LEE, Solicitor. BOOKKEEPERS. J. L. McCallum, D. J. Wine, Jr., Oliver L. Yates. July 30-3m Up To Date And convenient Optical Parlors kept open the year round over De Lorme's Pharmacy, 21 S. Main Street, by DR. Z. F. HIGHSMITH, Eye Specialist. All difficult repairing promptly done. Feb 4-0 Tte Largest ai Most Colite lanni Sot? Geo. S. Hacker & Soo, -MANUFACTUREES OF DOORS. SASH] BUNDS, Moulding & Building Material. t;_ce ac? V7_reroo_s. Kiep, <..p'iosi?e Ca? non Street, CHARLESTON, S. C\ jj-!F" Parrbasp cur make. which we gunraarc superior to aoy sold South, uno therecj ??ave money Window and Fancy Glass a Specialty October 16 - c A PAINT SHOP kept by a practical painter of ? 30 years' experience, where can be got Lead and Oil mixed any color, also Ready Mixed Paints and Paints for different use, such as Floor, Roof, iron, Tar? nishes Bronze, Sandpaper, Put \ ty, Gold Leaf, Dry Colors, Calso mine, etc. I want some work painting and upholstering. 1 ? will paint your house, Kalso I mine or paper the walls cheap, ' for, while at work ? am very apt to find a Sofa, Rocker, or Sideboard that needs scraping and varnishing, also upholstered. ? I have some pretty colors in Morocoline, Hair Cloth, Mohair Plush, or I may find a Car? riage or Buggy that I will paint for ten dollars and give you a set of harness free, or paint the " buggy for five dollars and no gift " Buggy tops ?9.00, fitted on Whee s, steel tires, painted and put on ready for road, $10.00 per sett. Shafts, paint- ? ed and trimmed, ?2.00. Agent for Council's Self-lu? bricating Axles. Office in Curtis Houses, No 326 South Main street. H. B. CTJKTIS. Thone 196. I paint signs. The hammocks being sold by H. G. - Osteen k Co., haven't a superior inr Sumter, at the price.