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otchmtm ana o uti) con SUMTER WATCHMAN, JUtmbtUhed April. 1850. lBe Just and Fear not-Let all the Ends thou Aims't at, be thy Country's, thy God's and Truth's.' THE TRUE SOUTHRON, Established Jane. 1 3he Aog. 2,1881 SUMTER, S. C., WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 2,1898. New Series-Vol. XVII. So. 27 ?j}e l?afcta w? jsontimni. JM. C3-. ?steen, SUMTER, S. ?. TSRMS : $1.50 pen ano am-io advance. ASTIRTISIMBST: One Square fir?t insertion.......$1 00 Bvery subsequent insertion .......... 50 Contracts for three months, or longer ^ wil be ande at red aced rates. Ali com m an icario ns which subserve private interests will be charged foras ad versements. Obituaries and tributes of respects will be charged for. Shall it be Gold or S?Ter. Secretary Gage To The Trades' League of Phil? adelphla. Philadelphia, January 2$.-The seventh ?nouai meeting of the Trades League, of Philadelphia, was held to? night in the Academy of Music, at whioh the principal speaker caa the Boo. Lyman J. Gage, Secre? tary of the Treasury. Mr. Gage . was ?artely received, and held the at? tention of the large audience through? out? He speke on the subject of "Fi? nance," and his. remarks were frequent ly punctuated with applause. He said in pvt: There are two opinions on the money j question now, more or leas firmly held by those who entertain them. The ooe j supports the re-establisbmen^ of silver in the privilege of. free coinage at the mint at the ratio of 16. to 1, irrespeo-l tive of all consequences, o sir or remote? and without membership in the family of nations. The other opinion is that the present gold standard should be maintained, at all costs; until by inter? national agreement the present dispari? ty between the commercial and the legal ratio of silver to gold shall be made to disappear. The following is a favorite, but mis? leading, argument against oar mone? tary standard : Under the present io- j dustrial system all products are the re? sult of three necessary factors-iand,1 ?ibar, atonal--.BB^ among these riteeen the value of things produced is in some proportion divided. It is then averred1 that land (or rent) bas the ability to fix its, and that capital (interest and prof - it) has almost equally absolute power. As the division is made in dollars, the result of price, falling prices must be at the cost of labor, since laod and capital will not engage in productivity except upon the terms they themselves dictate. Gt?ld, they say, having appreciated io value, prices of commodities have fall? en, and because of the exaction power of land and capital, the evil effect .has been felt by wages tn the form of a diminished share. Now, if this state? mont were true it would of necessity be evidenced by an actual fall io wage prices - This brings the question to the test of fact. It has been asserted upon author? ity, and I believe it to be approximate? ly true, that withio the period, 1872-91 prices have fallen an average of 27? per cent. I am at liberty, therefore, to adopt the same authority as to the course of wages? It appears from the exhaustivo figures of the oom missioner of labor, the authority cited, that with? in the 'period 1872-91 wages have ? in? creased aa average of 10 per cent. Taking toe greater power of wages to command thiogs by reason of their lower price, the economic advaotage gained by labor is still further empha? sised. Io 1872 $100 io gold would buy a certain amount of living ; io 1891, prices having fallen, $100 would buy '27J per ceot more than it did io 1872 ; aod wages baviog increased 10 per oeot io the meantime, the same work which was paid $100 in 1872 received $110 io 1891. From the double advaotage of decreased prices aod increased wages it follows that in 1891 the same labor would purchase 51 7 10 per cent more of living than it did io 1872. Let os apply tbe?e advantages by example. lo .1891 the labor that supported fifteen people supported only ten in 1872. In 1891, from the same labor ss io 1872, a mao liviog opoo the same seale would have over one-third of hts wages to put io bank or better provide for bis family. I am further borne out io this d?mon? stration by the statistics of savings banks covering the period under con? sideration. Since 1871 the cumber of depositors in snob institutions bas in? creased from less than two millions to more tban five milit?os, and the aver a?C per capita saving in the United States bas increased 86 per cent. Which of the three participants in prodnotioo-rent, profits, wages-bas suffered from this falling prioe? None of tbem necessarily, but if any it is demonstrated that wages bave not been the viotim Kent, at best, takes tbe minor share, bot interest, it oan be dearly perceived, has fallen 30 or 40 per oent within tbe lut thirty years. Divideods on rail? road capital have fallen 38 percent 1879-4895. What is trae of interest is 10 the long roo trae of profits, sinoe io an economic sense they are ODS. flow is it, theo, that prices have fallen, sin oe oo ssorifioe bas necessarily resulted to any of the three factors io production 1 Ao illustration or two will be more suggestive by way of answer thao a page of argument. A few weeks ago a manufacturer said to me : "We bave jost oow oompleted appli? ances which will save a by-product worth to our establishment $40,000 a year. For thirty years we have help tessly witnessed a waste until hundreds of thousands of dollars in value have gooe ioto the river and been forever lost." "Well," I said, "better late thao never. That $40,000 a year will make a good addition to your former annual profits.'' ..No/' he answered, "that's the worst of it We can't keep it. Oar neighbors io the same lioe have pot io the same appliances and the whole sav? ing comes right off the price of oar goods The consumer gets it." Neither rent, profits, nor wages were affected, except that wages became more effective as to the command of soap, the commodity in question. Thirty years ago the price of refined petroleum was $13 50 per barrel, or 32 cents per gallon. The price of erode 011 wits $5 S3 a barrel, or 12 7-10 cents a gallon. The ?barge for OOH verting the crude o?i into a proper illuminant for the poor mao's cottage was, there? fore, $? 17 a barrel, or 19 3 10 cents ? gallon. Last year the average price of orada oil was 80 oeoli a barrel," and refined $2 50 a barret ; thus the price of transforming erode oil into refined was reduced to $1 70 from $8 17, the price or thirty yearo ago. The only one of the three factors named as ?l?? ments io production which yielded a peooy to the great deolioe was land or rent, since the raw petroleum declined. 'Science discovered many things before undreamed of in the raw products. There was great saving to the humble There was more work for labor. There was equal or increased reward to both profits aod wages. A multitude cf similar oases could be quoted which all would recognize. In forty years steel has fallen to less than one-fifth of its former price Transportation, the joint prodoot of , land, tahnrHUrd napital, ooatoUad. aad. managed by ability, has fallen more thao one-half, but if wages have been sacrificed ia these great economies it is no whore discoverable In the argument from the other side there is not strict uniformity. Some admit that the fall in price is partly due to economizing processes, bot maintain that gold has advanced and thus helped the decline io prices. The assertion that ?gold has appreciated is difficult of proof, nor is it easy to refute the pro? position. Dogmatie assertion is not proof either for or against that proposi? tion If it be true that it bas appre? ciated aod the higher value has beeo manifested by a fall in the price of things for which it is offered io ex? change, that faot could not be cited as prejudioal to wages paid labor, since the same waj-ea paid in gold or its equi valent were thus rendered the more effective. It was in recognition of this princi? ple that Prof. Thorold Rogers, an economist suipeoted of bias by reason of his ' well-known leanings toward labor, declared that "The history of England for six hundred years shows that the wage earner has fared tb? best wheo by a diminishing supply of metal? lic money the prices of things were tending downward." No, it is not opoo wages that the io jurors effect of a gold appreciation falls. It is opoo those who owo the land, the forest and the mines, if opoo any, that the injurious effect is visited. Loss of a Filibuster. Providence, R. L, Janoary 25. Nineteen survivors of the suspected filibustering steamer Tillie, which prob? ably sank off Baroegat, were brought to this port by a coasting schooner to? day. Foor meo were lost. Capt. John O'Brien was among those saved. The Tillie was abandoned last Sunday afternoon while off Barnegat ' in the midst of a terrible storm. It is be Iieved she was scuttled by traitors, who had joined the party on board for the purpose of destroying the vessel. The nineteen who wer? saved escaped with great difficulty. The fonr men ooold not be taken off and they went down with the vessel. Forty tons of dynamite, three dynamite goos and a considerable quantity of ammunition iotended for the Cuban insurgents were oo board the Tillie when she sank. A blinding snow storm accompanied by a sixty mile an hour gale of wind prevailed io Chicago yesterday. Troy, Jan. ?5.-Yesterday afternoon two negroes were scuffling near the down freight track while the down freight train was passing. One of them, Sam Holmes, reeled, was struck by one of the cars and knooked coder the wheels. The first wheels passed over bis chest and the next completely severed hts head from bis body. The General Assembly. Hard Work in Both Houses Tlie Senate Has a Night Session. Columbia, January 25.-The House and Senate to-day we ot to work with a vim aod managed to get through a con? siderable part of their Calendars. The Senate had a night session, and the House was very well satisfied with what it did daring the morning. Both branches went through tho formality of casting their votes for the electing of the Hon John L. McLaorin for United States Senator. There was no speak? ing or foss, aod one might well have compared the scene here to-day with that oat in Ohio, to have gotten the two absolute extremes. To-morrow the two houses will meet io joint assembly to declare the eleotioo of Mr. McLaurin as United States Senator from this State. ?n tba House, between the intervals' of the debate on a lien law bill, quite a ncmber of measures were disposed of. ' as will be noted. The lien law bill excited much more debate than any? thing that had been op daring the session. Governor Ellerbe sabmitted a resolution advising the cession of Castle Pinokney and the desired ground for the Sanitarium that is proposed. A bill was passed which seeks to pro? tect ion and hotel keepers against "jumpers." ' To the Senate Mr. Ragsdale's bill relative to railroad schedules, requiring all roads to ruo at least one passenger train each way daily, between the boors of 7 A. M and 7 P. M., was passed to its third reading. Senator B nig t's bil) with reference to the regulation of primaries was kil?ed. The same fate awaited Mr. Connor's bill with reference to the privilege tax. The vote, on this measure was quite close-17 to 20. Derham Elected Comptroller -Other Elections. From The Register, Jan. 27. Yesterday was the most important, interesting and exciting of the pres-, -eat Bowsioo. It was * day of many elections, all of them well contested and doubtful until the last ten votes were cast. The balance of this ses? sion will scarcely be able to muster as interesting occasion-although the ?boys do say'' that there are some in? teresting events still to be enacted in i joint assembly. While the contest between Messrs Borham and Epton-to the casual looker-on-was nothing more than a contest between two popular men for a good position To the politician and student of State affairs, however, this election had a deeper signifi? cance. It was also a straggle be? tween Governor Ellerbe and his new allies on one side and the opponents of this new alliance on the other. The defeat of Mr. Epton is consider? ed a defeat of Governor Ellerbe and it is considered by many a straw that gives a tip as to the next gubernato? rial campaign. Be all these suppositions and con? jectures as they may, it is a well known fact that Governor Ellerbe em ployed every agency at his command to secure the election of Mr Epton. Supporters, workers and friends of the chief executive were rendevoused in Columbia from all over the State, and they "logrolled" in a manner that astonished the natives. Mr. Derham's friends marshalled in great shape also They were here from the fastestness of Horry, from the mountains, the seaboard, and the campaign they waged will go down in history for its intelligence of con? ception and successful execution. One of the most pleasing features in this campaign was the lack of bitter feeling. Each candidate and his friends were active and enthusiastic, but enthusiasm was not allowed to merge into abuse and crimination Mr Derhara'a victory is one over which he has every right to be proud, for it was won in a desperate con? test. And Mr Epton bas nothing to be ashamed of The latter gentle? man's friends rallied gallantly for bis support and stuck to the finish The lines drawn in this battle are considered to be those on which fu? ture political contests will be carried on until a general election again changes entirely the complexion of State politics The vote stood as follows in the senate : For Derham-Aldrich, Alexander, Brown, Connor, Dennis, DnBose, Gaine, Hay, Manldin, Mayfield, Mc Daniel, Mower, Norris. O'Dell, Pet? tigrew, Sanders, Scarborough, Stack house, Suddah. Tarbird, Turner, Walker and Wiliiams-23. For Epton-Archer, Buist Dean, Douglass, Griffith, Henderson, Jef fries Lesesne, Love, McCalla, Mil? ler, Moses, Recrsdale, Sloan, Wallace and Waller-16 Absent-M cllhoney. In the house the vote stood for Derham, 54 ; for Epton, 55 ; absent and not voting, 15 The total vote for Derham was 77 ; for Epton, 71, leaving Derham a ma? jority on the joint assembly vote. The presiding officer announced that Mr John P. Derham having received a majority of the votes cast for comp? troller general was declared elected to that position. Jobo L. MeLaurin, United States Senator. Jobn Pickens Derham, Comptroller General. Marion R.-Cooper, member State board of control. J. D. Haselden, member State board of control j W. 0; Tatum, member Penitentiary directory. S. H P. Garr?s, member Peniten? tiary directory Thia gives practically the result of the work of the Legislative day. It was the task in which there was most interest, not only to day. but for some time past. Colombia Cor. News and Courier, Jan. 26. The chief fight, and one which has been going on for some time, was for Comptroller General. Mr. Epton, who was appointed by Governor Eilerbe for the unexpired term of Mr. Norton, who bad been elected to Congress, was opposed by Mr. Der? ham, who, until ousted, was. chief clerk of the Comptroller Generara office. Mr Epton look Mr Norton's place and Mr. Bradley, of Abbeville, the place held by Mr. Derham. The friends of Mr. Derham contended that he should have been named as Comptroller, as he was competent and deserved the promotion, and when he was made to give way to Mr. Bradley the fight was begun. A great many have said that it was a fight against Governor Ellerbe, an effort to slap his face, politi? cally speaking. If such was the case in the election of Mr. Derham it was the fault of Gov? ernor Ellerbek friends, for they should not have appealed for the elec? tion of Mr. Epton on the ground that to defeat him meant to slap Governor Ellerbe, and in passing it may be said that there were members who were not averse to giving Governor Eilerbe a political kick, although many voted for Mr. Derham because they thought be bad been badly treated and de? served vindication. As it is Gover? nor Eilerbe and his friends have but small reason to feel complimented at the result. In looking over the vote it will be found that those of the Charleston delegation who voted,voted solidly for Mr. Epton The Charleston delegation was closely watched, and there were all kinds of speculations because of their vote, which speculations may have been well grounded or may have been dreams, but it may be intimated that this appears to be a day of poli? tics and there was a terrific amount of talk before the elections were be? gun. The Richaod delegation, it will also be noted, voted for the confirmation of Governor Ellerbe's candidate. If these votes were taken from those of the Administration the question is interesting. Spartanburg voted solid? ly for its home mau and Abbeville, with the exeption of Mr. Magill, voted for the retention of its chiei clerk. Mr. Bradley. So it looks as il there are wheels within wheels - News and Courier. A Louisiana Tragedy. Vidalia, La, January 25.-r-On the Forest plantations, opposite Natchez Island, five miles below this place, Charles Beard, Jr, white, aged 18, was shot through the stomach and fatally wounded to-day by a negro man. While lying mortally wounded Beard shot and killed hie assailant and another negro man, and was then severely beaten with a club by a negro woman The trouble grew out of an assalt upon Charles Beard, Sr, father ol the boy, by a party of three negroes earlier in the day. Beard, Sr, placed his son to guard a house ?R which the negroes bad congregated, while be went for officers An inmate ol the house shot young Beard, who opened fire with a shotgun, killing two of the party, and was then club? bed by the woman. A tug with* s party from Natchez, where the Bearde are well known, and from this place, left for the scene late this afternoon, upon receipt of the news of tragedy Feeling is high and the remaining negroes of the gang may receive rough handling if captuied. The courier who brought the news did not know the names of the negroes killed or their companions. - mi- .mwmi Rook Hill, Jan 25 -Fire broke ont tonight in rear of Carolioa hotel Rod? dev's store and baokc, Roddey's ware? house and stables, a baro and several negro tenemeots burned Among oth? er things Roddey's warehouse contained about 60 bales of cotton, part of it in? sured Tbcre was a quarter of a million dol? lar fire in Spokane, Wash., yesterday. Nine men lost their lires. Arrived in Habana Harbor. The Warship Maine Eas Reached Her Destination. H&baua, Jan. 25.-The United States battleship Maine, commanded by Chas. D. Sigsbee, which left Key West, Fla., on Jan 24, arrived here at ll o'clock this morning and was saluted by the forts and war vessels. Shortly after the arrival here of the Maine, Lieut. Albert ? Drano, re? presenting the captain of the port, Vice Admiral Jose Pastor, visited the United States battleship and es tended the customary courtesies. The arrival of the warship caused surprise and excited considerable curiosity. The Pension Frauds. The question of pension frauds contin? ues to attract the attention of the press, but there is not much evidence that con? gressmen are greatly disturbed over the matter. That certain applicants for pensions are worried, however, was shown last week by the communication which the Weekly published from a '-brave defender of the nation," whose sixty days' exertions as a guard at a railroad junction in Maryland had made him deaf. The other day the World gave a list of cases in which disbarment and ether penalties bad been inflicted on pension attorneys. They show how these pension sharks work. Some of them rob the pensioner of most of his pension, relying sometimes . for the silence of the latter on the frauds of which they have been jointly guilty. Others have forged signatures to appli? cations and the names of officials ; man? ufactured false affidavits ; blackmailed dishonest pensioners; obtained pen? sions for unmarried women oo the allegation that they were sol? diers' widows ; collect money on vouch? ers for soldiers who were dead ; and ooo Dived with examiners at false rat ings. These are characteristic crimes of the men who have done most to make it necessary to appropriate this year $140,000,000 for pensions. The New York Sun began printing the list of pensioners a few days ago. Within a day it was discovered, by neighbors of an old soldier who was dead, bis wife also dead, that some was still collecting bis pe D si on Could there better evi? dence of the advantage of publishing these lists?-Harper's Weekly. Importance of Vaccination. The Greenville News says it has received a letter from a citizen of At? lanta who states positively that "smallpox was overcome and com? pletely put down by vaccination in this city " In 1885 Dr. W. M. Welch deliver ered an address before the Philadel? phia Medical Society in which he detailed a number of experiments made by smallpox experts wpth vac? cination. He related the following : "A committee of seven of the most reputable physicians of that city vaccinated nineteen children at the health office Within three months after the vaccination these children were sent to Noddle's Isl? and, a smallpox station, and were twice inoculated with variolous mat? ter, besides being exposed for twen? ty days to the contagion, without manifesting the slightest indisposi? tion." The committee of physicians who carefully watched the development of this experiment, made the follow? ing report to the board of health : "The cow pox or vaccination pre? vented their taking the smallpox and they do therefore consider the result of the experiment as satisfactory evi? dence that the cow pox is a com? plete security against the smallpox." The foregoing facts showing the value of vaccination should remove any doubts as to the necessity of us? ing this means for preventing a loath? some disease getting a foothold. The question has been raised as tc the necessity of revaccination. There are a number of theories on this point, some experts favoring a seven years period while others advocate five years It is just as well to re? peat what Dr. Welch says on this point : "Although the protection of a suc? cessful vaccination is absolute for the time being, accumulation of evidence goes to piove that it is not permanent and that revaccination is necessary to thoroughly protect the individual and the community. To insure per? fect immunity from the ravages of smallpox it is therefore necessary to revaccinate from time to time." BUCKLEN'S ARNICA SALVE. The beet Salvo in the world for Cuts Bruises, Soras, Ulcers, Salt Rheum, Fever Soro, Tetter, Chapped Hands, Chilblains, Coros and all Skin Eruptions, and positively cure Pile* or no pay required. It is guaranteed to give perfect satisfaction, or money rel anded priao 25 cents per box; For sale by Dr J. F* W. DeLorme. Better Prices. From a carefully collected and well digested mase of information Brad? street's presents a table wbicb shows that there has been a considerable rise in the prices of ninety-eight staple commodities. Comparison is made for each quarter of a year since October, 1890, and for each month since January, 1896. which gives an interesting re? velation of the rise and fall in values. From this exhibit it appears that the index number representing the gen? eral average stood at 114,171 at the beginning of October, 1890. That mark represented the highest mean touched ic the past seven years. A fall in prices began afterward, and, with considerable fluctuations, a very low level was reached in the index number on October 2 of that year standing at 77,501. Then a rally be? gan, and the 80,700 mark was touched ou Jaouary 1, 1895. A drop took place soon afterward, and the index number was down to 72,052 at the opening of April, 1895, which was the lowest for that year, and it was at 67,182 on July 1, 1896. This is the lowest point that has been reached since 1890. Recently prices have advanced generally, the index mark standing at 80,149 on January 1, 1898. This is the highest point touched since January 1, 1895. The advance in prices began about the middle of last year, the index figure on July 1 of that year being 72,999. With some fluctuations-this has been under way ever since. At the present time-; the general level of prices, as before, mentioned, is close to that of the1 beginning of the year 1895 and is still nearer to that of the opening of the year 1894. The average level of prices is still far lower than it was before the panic which began in 1893. The cheapening of production in almost every line accounts io Some measure for this difference. The causes which led directly, to the fall in prices began to operate some time before their full effect w^s felt. The failure of the Barings in 1890 was a shock to business throughout the world. This was followed speedily* by the panic in Argentine, m which hundreds of millions were lost. Then came a series of financial disasters in Australia and in 1893 and 1894 our country and nearly every country of Europe was involved io a more or less severe panic From such general depression re? ce very was necessarily slow. There are now, however, many hopeful signs in the business outlook and the pres? ent year will (probably be the most prosperous one we have had since 1892.-Atlanta Journal. Gorman Defeated. Annapolis, Md., Jan. 25.-Judge Lewis E McComas w^7"i-i ^ sated United States senator to sucoeed Ar? thur P. Gorman. The ballot upon whioh he was elected, the first of to? day, was the eighth sioee the contest began and resulted in bis getting 63 votes to four for Alexander Shaw of Baltimore, the only ether Republican who remained in the noe. Senator Gorman got 47 votes, the full Democratic strength in both houses. Mr. J. W. Miokle, a yoong mao living a few miles north cf Camden, died very soddenly Saturday evening. Mr. Miokle was married to a yoong lady of West Wateree only a few weeks ago, and Saturday he aud his youog wife started to the latter's home. They started across the Wateree River io a bateau, and Mr. Mickle, from exhaustion, had to give up the oars, and they floated down the river some distance, when Mr. Mickle got out of the bateau into the water and pulled the boat to shore. They then started on their journey, but when they were within a mile of their des tination Mr. Mickle suddenly died. His death was a great shock to his youog wife and her family. Royal makes the food pare, whoJesome and delicious. tm POWDER Absolutely pure ROYAL BAX INO POWDER CO., NEW YORK.