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Cia ??ifebma? w? jsou? br?a, WEDNESDAY. JULY 17. Aires i Dr. I J. filtert BEFORE TBS Bed Land Alliance. The following ?9 the address delivered at thc meeting of the Red Land Alli BOCO near Gattrard's X Roads, Sam ter County, on July 4. 1889, by Dr. E. J. Kember!, and which has been prc cared iron? him for publication, in accordance with a resolution of the Alliance. R. W. W ACTOR, W. H. MCCATIIBRN, J. P. WILSON, I Gommittee; BaornKR FARMERS: Your meeting on this the natal day ol mir declaration of independence of the government of Great Britain io weft chosen. But little more than a century has passed ?mee oar people stepped forward with firmness and resolution to make new ?sue? before the civilised world and to assert and put io practice ideas, which, if not origin a* -to mankind, were regard ed as- chimerical and revolutionary. Europe had not yet emerged from tba feudal system, the ghost of which still hangs about the neck of ber civilisation even- more potential than that of tbe in? stitution of slaver j about tba seek of tho South, from which time and prog? ress ind a development of new indus? trie? cas alone liberate ss. You as? semble both for pleasure and improve? ment, for tho interchange of ideas and social recreation. Yon meet as farmers who till the soil which God has given you and who obey his command, that bj the sweat of the brow you shaH eat bread. The liberties acquired to our common country by a maintenance by force of arms of the declaration of bights, made on this day, gives you the privilege to assemble and discuss freely among yourselves all questions involved is the. policies of the country, whether social, financial, educations! or politi? cal. For these privileges you have many reasons to be grateful. Notwith? standing you hf ve passed through an ordeal, conceived io the bowels of fa? natical wrong, without a counterpart in the history .of any people within the bounds of historic record, while many have fallen by the wayside in the march sf events, you still survive, with ready, sands and willing hearts to meet the { issues before you. Your avocation in Hfe is the noblest allotted to mao. The whittling processes of speculation, the sharp and questionable practices of trade and exchange, the grinding and aggressive operations of trusts and com? binations, the camel ion deals of the law, coquetting with the facile ease of of the acrobat with justice and right, these find no place is . the vocabulary of your lives ; but heretofore you have bees tbs stile, or rather the mud-sill, spss which has been built ail of the great industries of the world. Guilds for the protection of their interests in trade and commerce, licensed by the king, and defended by the law, became an early necessity in modern civiliza? tion. Nearly all of the avocations in Hfe have formed guilds, societies or organizations for self-protection or in? struction far in advance of tho farmer, whose solitary and isolated lives have left them an easy prey to the shylocks of every name and profession. The difficulties in the way of combination among the farmers have been great and every effort that failed seemed to be only "heaping Opa upon Pelion" in the path that beset them. While legislation bas carefully guard? ed the multifarious business arrange? ments and occupations of society, agri curt ?re has bees left to battle with cli? mate anti soil and adverse circumstan? ces as best it might and to struggle sloss in the midst of many discourage? ments. But let ss be thankful, "a change has come over the spirit of its dreams". With the advance of education sod enlightenment, investigation and science, agriculture has come in for ber share of the benefits of the improve? ments of the age. Modern research has dignified ber into a science, and after a long struggle she has been rec? ognized as a part and parcel of the gov? ernment, as a class worthy of more consideration than tbe? nave heretofore obtained- One of the last acts of Pres? ident Cleveland's administration was to sign a bill giving to the farmers of the United States a cabinet o?ce. Strange as it may seem, the farmers now have a distinct branch of the government, a Secretary of Agriculture, recognized Sf a department of the administration, with a voice in the cabinet to be ex? pressed os all the great national ques? tions that come up for consideration. Now, is it not passing strange that with such great interests, such enormous wealth, such an aggregate production, such power at the ballot box, the farmer should have for so long a time been held at bay without recognition ? I propose to endeavor to account to you why this state of things has exist? ed: lam one of those who thiuk that there is an intelligent cause for every? thing. There are many combined influ? ences which have been concentrated to produce this result, but I will give you only a few of the most leading and sali? ent ones. 1st. Want of Education, Indifference and Pliancy. The rude manner in which the soil bas been tilled; the careless, indifferent, and in a sense independent and isolated life of the farmer, possessed of few wants and but little or no ambition, has caused him to leave to nature, what should have been achieved by education and interest. A few observations upon the changes of the moon, thc winds and the clouds, with bis aptitude for modes of rugged culture, have, generally speaking, been the ultima thule of his existence, and he allowed the world to wag as it chose, content with a modest life involving but little care. These conditions moulded bim into a pliant tool to be used to advantage by the wary and watchful shrewdness of those whose stock io trade were their wits, ! snd who measured their moral standard ; by their ability to accumulate boards of gain. To this ruling class of multifa? rious avocations it became a dominant care that bo should continue for all time ..a hewer of wood and drawer of water." 2d. Intelligence in the avocations necessary to conduct them to a success? ful result and to maintain their influence over the farmer. All business to be successful must be conducted by intelli? gence, and the busioessand professional world from the earliest period took the lead of the farmer, in education, in cul? ture and in wealth. Trade built cities, accumula te i wealth a od clustered i niel Ugesce, refinement and capital. 3d. From prejudice and a dispositi io ali trades and avocations to keep t farmer in the background and depen ent, or in other words to make hi useful. Farmers, as a class, have gen i all j been ruled out of all influent: positions. With but occasional exce lions, he has in the main, himself re dered stalwart help to promote it. T statesmanship of the country has be mostly conducted by lawyers ; so j baa this beeu the case, that they ha . become to feel that they are entitled it by right of inheritance or prrmoge Hare. Asr a general rule, a farmer w bas bad the nerve, and I might ad the audacity and impertinence to i veigh against; this established order things, bas been hounded down as demagogue and demoralizer, and tl tillers of soil in most instances withe considering the grave issues involve assisted in raising the bonfires of pers cu' ion and, as apt as not, chanted at tl funeral dirge of the presumptuous a, gressor. Now, these conditions are due to the being outstripped in intelligence ar handicapped ail along the road of lif But there.bave been causes at work i the march of events and progress ? society toch?oge these conditions, ac I purpose attempting lo five you ; best I can aa exposition of some < them : . 1st. The diffusion of Education. As the rays of light dissipate tb r darkness that mantles the earth, whe the sun comes up in the morning, t does ignorance, prejudice, envy, jea j ouey, selfishness, bickering, traducing with ali the other meaner vices disap 'pearbefore the light which educatio throws with its genial rays over th humau mind ; it creates aspirations, i enlivens courage, it begets self-relisnc and independence, it broadens the fiel of vision, it engenders hope, it inspire ambition, H instructs in the uses an appliances of the laws of nature, i which the farmer lives and dwells Nature is indeed his domicile, his dc pendeece. She is his staff and support She is the great folio, spread out befor us for investigation, and although ii our proud conceit we often imagine our selves great in knov';dge and far ad van ced in science, yet but few of be leaves have so far been opened to us fo our inspection. 2nd. The removal of prejudice fr ou labor. This is a growing achievement o modern progress. It has been an in cubas upon the benevolences and char ities and growth of life. The cesspoo from which false pride emanates in al its hues and results, and from which from want of other occupations thai labor, has led many a young man inte vices and often the prisoners' cell, 01 possibly from dissipation into murder and* then the hangman's rope. 3rd. The introduction of improve?: agricultural implements. If you will - illy reflect upon the im prove men ts that have in recent yean been introduced into the uses of agri? culture, you must be struck with sur? prise, even if you keep but partly up with the advance of tho times, their in? ventiveness, their ingenuity, their com? plication and yet their simplicity, theil practicability, their labor-saving capac rty, their benefits in cultivation, theil assistance in preparation and tillage and their actual improvement of the soil, and ur theran ce and increase ol growth, yield and harvest. To applj many of them requires rare judgment. To use them to advantage drafts heav? ily upou your capacity for observation and skillfulness, but if you make it a successful study you will have achieved an easy competence and in many in? stances a comfortable fortune if no more. To know what to buy is the question, and right here many have been wrecked, or at least have lost ma? terially when they could ill afford it, for it takes means LO supply a farm with improved implements, and I have often regretted that these tools were not placed upon the market more within the range of the times. 4th. Combination. "Oh, the farmers can't agree," "They never have agreed/' "They aro too jealous of each other,n "They meet and pass resolutions and make fools of themselves and that ts the end of it,n "A lawyer will get between them and shake the fasces or rod3 of hts authority and they will scatter like sheep when a sheep-killing dog gets after thew, or like a bomb shell had exploded among them," "They hold conventions, splut? ter, make a funs, use bad English, send a great deal of smoke np the spout, ad? journ and go homo and accomplish nothing." These or similar expres? sions have been the shibboleth of re? marks about che farmers all through these periods of unrest and change, of uncertainty and doubt, of struggles to live or even to exist, of adaptations to new ideas and new conditions, it must be admitted that on many occasions we have been beating a man of straw, and in the vain effort for relief we have looked about ou vacancy, and as the drowning man, wc have caught at straws, or rushed for any anchorage, even if thc hope was delusive. It is a subject for great congratulation to you, brother farmers, it is a long step for? ward in the advancing civilization of the times and "children yet unborn will rise up and call them blessed" who conceived, ?hared, combined and put in practical operation, with its kindred as? sociation, the Farmers' Alliance, an institution that is calculated to rescue in part a lost civilization and a rained people, to direct trade into more whole? some and equable chaouels, to soften and alleviate the future of millions of children, to euliven aud dignify and place upon a broader plane the science of agriculture, to impress itself upon the civilization of the age, and if they are but true themselves the currents that they have opened into the broad channels of society with its multifari? ous activities, will affiliate with and en? rich and render virulent their flow for all time to come. It is no bauble to play with for a day and theo to be relegated into oblivion. No will-o j the-wisp, hatched jap to amuse fur awhile the farmer^o delude and to flatter and deceive him. It is born of real truth and earuestnesf, and must be welcomed among the living organiza? tions of thc age as a giant who walks with power, not for harm but for good, not for wrong hut for right, not for rev? olution but for stability, not for frivo bus change but for the laying of more enduring foundations 5th. Its admission as a science. Facilitated plant growth, 1 regard a? an achievement as great as Franklin's when he dtew down the lightning by his kite, or Newton's when he (Hsovered the principles of gravitation, or Galileo when he disclosed the fact that thc earth moved, or Copernicus when bc explained the r?volution of thc pla tary system, or Harvey, when he ill trated the circulation of the blood. I must say that I do not believe, consequence of adulteration and ex tion, together with their misapplicati that the farmer, so far, has been bc fitted thereby ; the rather that he been largely the loser, yet the prii pie rs there and can be applied to whole system of cultivation through various stages, the preparation of . soil, the selection of the seed, the g uiinatkm, the cultivation, the conditio under which guano should be used,e Now it ts OUT duty, and the rape , tive duty of every tiller of the soil direct, the most careful and energc attention (o the mode and means placing guano out of the reach of ad teration. In this matter much bas bc done, but the ground rs far from bei covered. To accomplish this would an achievement as useful to human a? the discovery of the principle its< and I look forward with anxious h< to the time when it will be done. A humane fact it stands out in bold reli as one in which every effort within I scope and compass of legislation shot be brought to'bear to eradicate the n sance. But this tampering with a pr ciple is in some sort synonymous w charlatanism in medicine, and real if yon will but think carefully about there is much parallelism between tbci Do you know that among the advanc raees and nations there is more quac ery among the English-speaking pe pie than those of any other ? Tl seems to me to arise from their ente taming larger views of individual rigt and civil liberty ; but individual rig h and civil liberty shouL be restrain whenever they conflict with the genet interests or the well-being of society, go farther, and say that the same pri ciple in legislation should be applied the charlatan in agriculture as in me icine, that both, are detrimental to s ciety, the one to its health, its hygien the other to its purse, its comfort ai its progress. 6th. Agricultural colleges and expe imental stations. Now we come to the consideration a question upon which there seems be great diversity of opinion. As general thing agricultuai colleges ( not appear to have been an entire sn cess. But I have endeavored to gv this question a good deal of though and from my standpoint of bbservatic it does not seem to me that they bai generally been organized upon a bas sufficiently practical There has bee too much theory, and too much dive sity and combination ; not specialit enough, not enough division into d< partmeots, so as to make the studu one of con amore. Agriculture shoul be taught as a science, as a philosophy and not as a drudge or as a repulsit labor. The tastes should be cultivated the affections enlisted as a study < nature, as something to admire and rei peet, aod not to ignore and despise. ] caunot be expected that a boy's minc in a short space of time, can be brougl to cover too much ground. It is lik eating too much-the stomach become jaded, worn out, diseased. It is just s with the mind and muscle, and create disgust and ennui. In my judgmcn one of the greatest oeeds of the tim with us is a well-equipped agriculture college ; it is a necessity of our civili zacion, of our anatomy, as much so a the mother's milk to the infant babe for we are but children groping our wa into unexplored and unknown regions and by untrodden paths, without a land mark to guide, since time began. Ste by step we should take with us all o the accoutrements and appliances o art and of civilisation, and be armorel with a resolve to plant our banner upon the impregnable fortress of sue cess. Not only an agricultural collegi but an art attachment, in which the dif ferent practical branches are taught, do not mean the fine arts, such as paint ing, sculpture, &c , but such as me chanics in all its details and principles together with engineering, surveying the art of making different articles o manufacture, such as pr nts and th< finer articles of wear and use, finei work in metals, pottery, crockery glassware, etc. An art school would bc a great step npon thc way towards es tablishing diversity of trades, of indus tries, of occupations, and materially ait in the much needed development of th< country. As things are now, if i neighbor puts up a public gio all thc neighbors want a public gin. If he en? terprises a grist mill, all the neighbor? want a grist mill. If he goes into thc lumber business and erects a saw mill, all the neighbors want a saw mill, What we want is diversity of industry and a foreign market and patronage, at least a market and patronage outside of the immediate surroundings. An art school would tend to accomplish this, for you would then have the ma terials at hand. Did you know that thc United States were singularly deficient in schools of art? Most of their skilled workmen are imported. England ia rich in these schools, and they have brought ber by training her young men in the practical arts, untold wealth. Of course I write upon these ques? tions with great diffilonee and reserve, for I am not a public character, but I have the right to my own opinions, and claim the privilege to make suggestions to you in the course of an address that I am delivering, and by your invitation. Why can we not have an art school as well a9 England or auy other people ? I do not see any needless vanity in this. Our boys are as bright, as agile, as dexterous, with capacities for invention as great as that of any other people. Neither do I see ?bat it i.-j surrounded by impossibility. If we were to scud over to England one or two competent men to investigate her system, it would bc a great gain to u*. and France and also Germany ami oilier European States are far advanced in agriculture and thc arts ; but we can get along very well with agriculture, ami might possibly teach them something about it, but in the arts they are far ahead of us Immigration has been so rapid at the j North, and of skilled workmen, that they have never felt the pressing neces? sity of these sch ols, or with their en? ergy and enterprise they would have them in abundance. l?ut wi h us where immigration floes not come, it. is a matter of serious consideration. lie sides, it behooves us as niue!) as possi j ble to preserve our identity as Ameri j cans, and develop our own industries j and make useful met) of our boys. If i we should establish such a school what i a gain it woul l be to our manufactur I ors They could and would enlarge tlioir ! business by the finployment of home mad;? material. Do you not know that j it ?3 beginning tn be conceded that the South presents the purest tvpe of the origiuul American 1 I mean the Amer icao of colonial times. This is cause by the great influx of immigration int the North. In the stead of the Nortl absorbiog tho immigrant, the immi grant is about to absorb . the North, o at least to change its type, and inqui ries are already being made as to th whereabouts of the lost yankee. Bu to come back to the subject, we shoul i think often and seriously about thes matters, and also what is to become c the girls-whether or not it is not tim to consider if we can not enlarge thei sphere of usefulness, and promote thei happiness and make them essentials ii the development of the country by es tablishing some system for them, hope I am not a vagarist, but somehow I am impressed by the utility and ne ! cessity of something being done 01 both of these roads, at least for thes questions to be mooted and serious! considered. To establish schools is n .simple matter, if we do it as it shouL be, although we prop them up as w would build a shanty, and with th usual American taste. But to lay th? ; foundations properly, to create essen : tial and important diversions, to intro duce studies of the most useful and nee essary kind, to joint the different de partments, so that the binges will turi without grating, to form rules and reg ulations so that 'order will come withou unrest and repulsion* from the youth To create a cozenship with nature, s< that study would be brought out, en trained as it were, ambition inspired ant a thirst for knowledge acquired some what on the principle of the attractioi of the magnet, and not repelled lik't opposing electricities. Now, to di these things, and I do not see why the^ cannot be done, requires a mind for or ganiaation, requires thoughtful care, i broad consideration of the subject, ai absorbing interest in thc school, and it: influence upon the boys that come anc go, and their reactive influences upot the future of society. Experimental stations-The purpose* of experimental stations arc plain : Tc blaz^e a road for the farmers to go by The question to be considered is, wheth? er they should or should not be run it connection with our agricultural college, Ours have been established but too re? cently to have done much for us. 1 wish they would teach us how to raise clover here in our climate, and sonic grass that would keep green all the Winter. I was glad to see that the State Board of Agriculture have recent? ly recommended tbe Superintendent al Spartanburg to institute experiments in irrigation. But I must pass on to the consideration of another divisiou of the subject. 7th. Its Literature. The varied interests of communities have their own grooves. Upon the ope? ration of a jost political economy, there is no necessity for contact,, collison, or aggressive action npon the part ol either. Laws should bear equally upon all, and each should bc protected by equable guarantee. But by tbe bank? ing system of the country, instituted during and after .a civil war of unpar? alleled reach and destructiveness, the farmer bas been thrown, without guard or protection into the gloveless banda of speculators and extortioners, and for nearly a quarter of century has receiv? ed a treatment so inconsiderate and merciless that it is a marvel bow any of the system could have survived. But besides the causes already enume? rated another influence was at work to do battle for us which has gradually in? creased in -force and usefulness until it has become a power in the land. I mean its publications, its literature. In a restricted sense, the sciences are not in? cluded in the term literature, but in a broader sense our publications may be classified as agricultural literature. They are beyond criticism in their com? position, information and general finish, and no farmer can afford to be without them, or as many of them as he can afford to take. They are cheap, and if he cannot read, my advice to him would be to take one anyhow and get his neigh? bor to read it to bim. 8th. Its cumulative power and wealth. Notwithstanding the great and pow? erful influences combined against thc farming interest, if you wili but exam? ine into its statistics, you will bc impressed at the numbers engaged in it as an avocation and the growth of its wealth. 9th. The intelligence and education, and administrative ability necessary to success. The pursuit of agriculture has here? tofore been little more than a system cf quackery practiced upon the soil and the plant. As tho medical quack with his sledge-hammer nostrum beats alternate? ly upon the vitality of the human sys? tem and the disease that presses upon it, and whichever yielded first went down to "Davy Jones Locker," so the farmer quack with his rude imple? ments and wor.-j judgment worried the soil and the plant, so that neither could attain the iutcution or designs or capa? bilities of uature. But thanks to science and improved implements, and better meth jds, wc are passing the llubi con and the sloughs of an ignomini? ous occupation into thc plane of action, j upon an equal footing with all of the other industries and pursuits of life. I To understand and apply successfully the various implements of husbandry, to contend against the fickleness of the * j seasons, to decide upou the nature and character of the work to be applied, and to bring it around at thc time it is needed, to so manage and direct labor, as to utilize it to thc best advantage without refractory strikes or turbulance, to grasp its many details, arni keep eys tem and order where chaos struggles for thc mastery, requires au intelligence and au administrative ability equal if not superior to t.'iat of the merchant or the law)er, thc manufacturer or thc artisan. Now, in grouping up the classified influences which I have brought befo o you, you can readily percieve many of thc salient causes that brought about thc organization of which you form a part, and also the changed conditions of agriculture in tho march of events. I You hold within your grasp an im? mense lever to be wielded in the pro? gress of society. To use it to advantage is the question for you to consider, not entirely for yourselves, but, for the j public good. Avoid class legislation, for it is opposed to the nature and spirit of our institutions, but mark and defend your iuter^st within the grooves that you have a right to move. Enterprises you have a right to establish aud to enter tho competition of trade. Hut in these yon should begin at the foun? dation, and in this classification I should arrange them: 1st. A gua? no factory. 2d. A manufactory of improved implements. It ie needless for tuc to enlarge upon the ucccssity or fitness of these industries as essentials to your prosperity. Besides this paper is getting sufficiently long, and I do not wish to trespass upon your patience. But I cannot part with you, although there are many subjects, of which I would like to speak, yet must hold them in obeyaocc, without a few observations upon our special and political condition. Your lives have fallen in extraordinary times, to work them out to the best in? terests of humanity is not only an ex? acting duty but should be an inspiration of patriotism. They require the wisest foresight and the clearest statesmanship. A public officer who holds position on the lone star idea of race supremacy, which is merely operating on instinct, falls far below the pressing necessities of the country. To maintain suprem? acy, an energetic development of diverse industries, an absorbing interest in' education, a high standard of morals, emphasized by liberality and a public opinion to rudder these into a safe an? chorage, are essentials to its perma? nence. What we need is something stable, enduring, not a house built upon the sand, to be threatened with down? fall or shaken to its foundations by every blast of an election. It is rare that I bave seen a paper from the North that even approached an analysis of the interior condition of the South. If a window could be open? ed large enough for them to take in a full realization of the status as it is, with alt its sinuosities, and have it, with its complications, delineated or photo? graphed as it were, tbe argument would be won. But while passion rules, pre? judice governs, and party ambitions shut out the foree of facts, we must await the slow solution of the grave problems involved by "thc fiat" of higher laws, above thc reach of man to control, but nevertheless, work out thc destiny of human progress with unfail? ing certainty, and during the gradual unfolding of this great drama of the future, I can only plead with you, "to act well your part, for there ail the ! honor lies." Death of Mrs. John Tyler, j - i RICHMOND, Va., July 10 -Mrs < John Tyler, wife of Ex-President Tyler, died at thc Exchange hotel this evening from a congestive chill. Mrs. Tyler had only been at the hotel since ! Sunday evening, having come from a ! visit to her son, Lyon G. Tyler, at ! Williamsburg, and was to have left here Monday on a visit to another son on James River, but feeling unwell she kept her room. Tuesday at ll o'clock she was taken with a chill. Dr. Edward McGuire wa3 sent for and he was soon joined by Dr. Hunter McGuire, j but medical skill proved of no avail j and she died at;5:15 o'clock th*i3 after? noon. Mrs. Tyler leaves four children, Lyon G. Tyler, President of William and Mary College, Va., Gardner E. Tyler, who lives in Charles county, Va., Dr. Lacklan Tyler, of Washing? ton City, and Mrs. William Ellis, of Montgomery county, Maryland. The Teacher Who advised lier pnpils to strengthen their minds by the usc of Ayer's Sar? saparilla, appreciated tho troth that bodily health is essential to mental vigor. For persons of delicate and feeble constitution, whether young or old, this medicine is remarkably beneficial. Be sure you get Ayer's Sarsaparilla. " Every spring and fall I take a num? ber of bottles of AVer's Sarsaparilla, and am greatly benefited."-Mrs. James ll. Eastman, Stoneham, Mass. "I have taken Ayer's Sarsaparilla with great benefit to wy general health." - Miss Thirza L. Crerar, Palmyra, Md "My daughter, twelve years of age, has suffered for the past year irom General Debility. A few weeks sinee, wc began to give her Ayer's Sarsaparilla. Her health has greatly improved." - Mrs. Harriet Hr Battles, South Chelius?urd, Mass. "About a year ago I began using-Ayer's Sarsaparilla as a remedy for debility ami neuralgia resulting from malarial exposure in the army. I was in a very bad condition, but six bottles of the Sar? saparilla, with occasional doses of Ayer's Pills, have greatly improved my heall h. I am now able to work, and feel that I cannot say too much for your excellent remedies.'" -F. A. Pi?kham, South Moluneus, Me. "My daughter, sixteen years old, is using Ayer's Sarsaparilla with good ef? fect."- Kev. S. J. Graham, United Brethren Church, Buckhauuon, \7. Va. ";I suffered from Nervous Prostration, with lame back and headache, and hare been much benefited by the use of Ayer's Sarsaparilla. I am now 80 years of age, and am satisfied that my present health and prolonged life are duo to thc uso of Ayer's Sarsaparilla."-Lucy Moffitt, Killingly, Conn. Mrs. Ann H. Farnsworth, a lady 7'J rears old, So. Woodstock, Vt., writes : ''After several weeks' suffering from nervous prostration, I procured a bottle of Ayer's Sarsaparilla, and beforo I had taken half of it my usual health returned." * Ayer's Sarsaparilla, PREPARED DY Dr. J. C. Ayer & Co., Lowell, Mass. Trice $1 ; eis bottles, $5. Worth $5 a bottle. HO! FOR THE SEASIDE! PAWLEY'S ISLAND HOTEL. SEASON OF 1889. Beach Unsurpassed on the Coast. Superb Fishing Grounds. Splendid Bathing. No Mosquitoes. This hotel, which was operated last year by Mr. 51. Manheim, having been leased byrne, has been refurnished and improved and will be kept open Summer and Winter. A Ladies' Parlor will be provided. Will be ready for recep? tion of guests on June 1st. Fer terms and particulars address Mas. A. K. RICHARDSON, Waverly Mills, S. C. May 29. lt s H I ?I have used Paine's Celery Compound and lt j spring medicine means more now-a days than lt ?. bas ?iad a salutary ^ ten ypo^ ag0. ^ ^tero? lSS?-<9 haslett m effect Ittovigorat- j thc nerves ali fay^cd out. Thc nerves must be hJ$&*? ed tbe system andi . strengthened, thc Wood puriited, liver and /Ii^^rtt^t ll! ?eel a nCr ?X)V7els regulated. Paine's Celery Compound s^Jttfvf?vl r-A B?an" lt 1^l?)rovos j tue Sprint; nu dlcinvcf to-day-?CCSC?1 VMS. CA^LL*^ aPPt'tllc, "eci j us nothing else can. Prescribed by Physicians, ^^V^S-^l^jL^**"^ ^^tates diges- laxomir.ended by Drngm:<ts. Endorsed by Ministers, Ci VMM^ \tl?:n." J. T. COPE- . Guaranteed by He Zlcuivfacturcm to be LAM), Primus, S.C. Paine's Celery Compound ls a unique tonic and appetizer. Pleasant to tbe taste, quick In Its actlon: and without any injurious eHect, lt gives that rugged health which makes everything taste good, lt cures dyspepsia and kindred disorders. Physicians prescribo lt- $1.00. -Six ior $5.00. Druggists. Wnixs, PICUAKDSON ?CO., Burlington, Vt Spring EVEedScine. "In thc spring of IFS? I was ail run down. I would get up in the mr ming with so tired a feeling, and was so weak that I could hardly get around. I boughta bottle o? Paine's Celery com? pound, and before I bad taken lt a week I felt very rauch batter. I cnn checfully recommend lt to all who need a building up and siren .rthen ing medicine." Mrs. Ii. A. Dow, Burlington, vt? DIAHOHO DYES SSf?i?SSl LACTATED FOOD^SgSSSt??? THE EQUITABLE Life Assurance Society of thc United States. ASSETS, JANUARY 1, 18S9, LIABILITIES, JANUARY 1, 18S9, SURPLUS, JANUARY 1, 1889, - ?95,042,922.96 74.24S.207.81 20,794,715.15 FIRST, FOREMOST, LARGEST. BEST, The Largest Amount Outstanding Business. The Largest New Business. The Largest Surplus. The Largest Income. Issues ail kinds of the most desirable forms of insurance. The Free Tontine Policies are unrestricted as to travel, resi? dence and occupation after first year. Incontestible after two years, and Non-Forfeitable after three years. THOS. E. RICHARDSON, Agt, Jan. 2-0 Sumter, S. 0. m .PERKINS MFG. CO.?^~^ HEADQUARTERS FOR WATCHES. JAMES ALLAN & CO. Diamonds, Jewelry, Silverware, Specta? cles, Drawing Instruments THE FINEST STUCK IN THE STATE. RELIABLE GOODS AT REASONABLE PRICES. Watch Repairing a specialty. Chief Inspectors of Watches for South Caro? nia Railway, Atlantic Coast Linc and Southern Division of Three Cs Bail Boad. JAMES ALLAN & CO., Feb. 8 '-Sf> King St., Sign of Drum Clock. Charleston, S. C. THE PALACE SALOON^ A. P. LEVY ?fe CO., Proprietors. (Successors to Rosendorf ?St Co.) We have constantly on hand a completo line of WINES, MQJJOttfc, CIGARS AND TOBACCO. And desire to call especial attention to the following : Imported. Domestic. FRENCH BRANDIES, SHERRY. PORT, IRISH WHISKEY, CATAWBA WINE, JAMAICA RUM, BLACKBERRY WINE, HOLLAND GIN, GIN AND FINE SCOTCH WHISKEY, RYE WHISKEY. We call especial attention to our . Pure North Carolina Corn Whiskey, Sept.26. , Which we get direct from the still. The largest and most complete establishment South GEO. S. HACKER & SON, Manufacturers of . Sasli, BMs, Kenlis. AND BUILDI?TCr MATERIAL. OrKICK AND WAREROOMS, King, opposite Cannon Street, CHARLESTON, S. ?. Jan 1 0 BEST AlfD CHEAPEST. ALL GOODS GUARANTEED. Estimates furnished by return Mail. LARGE STOCK. PROMPT SHIPMENTS. iii e. M? i co., MANUFACTURERS OF AND WHOLE? SALE DEALERS IN MOULDING, -AND GENERAL BUILDING MATERIAL. Office and Salesrooms, 10 and 12 HayneSt., CHARLESTON, S. C. Jan 25 o Stimm CO. i COLUMBIA, S. C. DOORS, SASH & BLINDS, LATHS, LIMB, CEMENT, PLASTER, AND HAIR. Amerii PAINTS, OILS AND VARNISHES. CARTER WHITE LEAD, The Best io the Market. Special Attention Given to Orders by Mail. C. 0. BROWN & BRO., Opposite Post Office, COLUMBIA, S. C. Oct 5-0 SUMTER PLANING MILLS, James H. Sanders, PROPRIETOR. DEALER IN Door, Sash, Blinds, SCROLL AND TURNED BALUS? TERS, MOULDINGS, Brackets, Laths, Shingles, ftc. Roil ai Dressed Lite, AIR DRIED. Plain and Fancy Ceiling, Flooring and Finishing Material. Yard and Office, Mary Street, .^ast of R. R. Depot, Sumter S. C. E. B. LOWRY, Sept 19 BasiDcss Manager. C. I. HOTT. H. A. HOYT C. I. HOYT St BRO., Gold and Silver Watches, Clocks, Jewelry5 Spectacles, MERIDEN BRITANIA SILVERWARE, Ac. REPAIRING A SPECIALTY. SPURTING MATERIAL, Sholls, Wads and Everything Pertain? ing to Brocch-Loadiog Guns. Feb I_ PATRONIZE HOME TALENT. Life-Size Portraits in Crayon, MADE FROM PHOTOGRAPHS, -AT SUMTER, S. G. -BY MRS. E. J. DUNNE. Also prepared to teach a class in Drawing and Music Jan. 30. JNO. T. GREEN, Attorney and Counsellor at SUMTER, C. E., S. C. Collection of claims a specialty, tee '?0. C. WTJLBERN & CO., WHOLESALE GllOCEBS4 AND DEALERS IN 167 a?d 169 East-Bay, CHARLESTON, S. C. Dec. 2 OTTO F. WIETERS, WHOLESALE GROCER And Liquor Dealer. OFFICE AND SALESROOM: 183 Sast Bay, Charleston, S? G. W. I. Wm & SON, Established 1847. WHOLESALE GROCERS, Auction and Commission Merchant* and Liquor Dealers. AGENTS FOft Celebrated Dove Brnnd Ham. The Philip Best Brewing Co., Milwaukee Beer. . < Maryland Hominy Mills. Griffiths Bakery Co. Motts Cider and Vinegar. Banner Preset ve Works. Frank Packing Co. 197 EAST BAY AND 50 A? 52 STATS Sm, (Auction Room State Street,) CHARLESTON, S. C. Consignments Solicited. Jan. 23. O GEO. L COOK, PHOTOGRAPHER, 265 KING STREET. CHARLESTON, S. C. Aug 10 CHAS. C. LESLIE, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in . FISH, GAME, OYSTERS, TURTLES, TERRAPINS, POULTRY, EGGS,'fe. Stalls No. 1 and 2 Fish Market. Office and Fish House, 18 and 20 Market St, East of East Bay, CHARLESTON, S. C. All orders promptly attended to. Terms cash or city acceptance. Oct 3 PAVILION HOTEL, CHARLESTON, S. C. First Class in all its Appointments. Supplied with all Modern Improvements. Excellent Cuisine, Large Airy Rooms, Otis Passenger Elevator, Hee * trie Betts and Lights. Heat? ed Rotunda. RATES $2 00 $2.50 AND $3.00. Rooms Reserved by Mail or Telegraph.. Sept 16_? WAVERLY HOUSE, IN THE UEND OF KING STREET, CHARLESTON, & C. Rates, $2 and $2.50 per day. G. T. ALFORD, May 2-0 PROPRIETOR. WRIGHT'S HOTEL, COLUMBIA, S. C. -o THIS NEW AND ELEGANT HO?SK, with al! modern improvements, is now open for the reception of guests. S. L. WRIGHT * SON, . . Proprietors. Obtained, and ail PATENT ?CSINES^SS tended to foi J?ODERATE FEES. OUT Office? opjiosite the U- S. ftitcnt Office, and we can oVl tain Patents in less time than those remote from * WASHINGTON. Send .MODEL, J)RA WISO PHOTO of invention. We advise as to patent abilitv free ofcharge and we make NO CHA KC UNLESS PATENT JS SECVUED. For circular, advice, terms and references?] actual clients in your own State. County. City fcc' lowu, write to O;A:SN0W&C Opposite Patau O?cc, Washington, I). C WILLIAM KENNED! Fashionable Barber. MAIN STREET, Next door to Earle k Purdy's Law Office. SUMTER, S. 0. IDESIRE TO INFORM the citizens of Sumter and vicinity that I have opened business on my own account at the above old stand, and that with competent and polite * assistants, I will be pleased to serve *.hem io f any branch of my business in the j?sl Style, of the art. Give me a call. WM. KENNEDY.. Oct. 19. mum s Warranted for Vive Year* mm Our Favorite Singet Drop Leaf, Fancy Cover, Large Drawers, Nickel Rings, Tucker, Ruffler, Binder, Four Widths of Hemmers. Sent on one week's trial. Delivered in your bowe fut of freight charges. Buy only of Manufacturer*. $a.Tt Canvassers' Commissions. Get New Machine* Address for circulars and Testimonials, Co-operative Sewing Machine Ca, 219 Quince Street, Philadelphia, J??. ? Kui Ffn tr^aa^^^*>*^^rj5 V? rm ?ree tb? best ?ewiDr-aMcU?. m th? m***?-.?i