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The divorce evil Charged That livorces and Saloons Arc Closely Linked BUXTON HOT AFTER BISHOP POTTER Winston Deputy at the Episcopal Con> vention Attempts to Bring Up the Liquor Question in Connection With the* Debate on Divorce and Yields Only to the Time Limit of the Session. - .Hasten. Special.?A marked division o! sentiment regarding the proposal to prevent the re-marriage of the innocent party to a divorce during the jifo of the former partner developed | at today's session of the House of Deputies of the Episcopal General Convention. The house, sitting as a committee of the whole, discussed the issue all day. aa4 many vehement addresses were made on both sides. Several prominent delegates expressed the ooinion that in view of the great difference cf opinion the present conference would not act on rjje- matter, but would, like its pre,l decease r,. refer ' the problem to the next triennial convention. A commotion was caused by John C. Buxon, of Winston, N. C., who. attempted to link the divorce evil with the liquor question. v Mr. Buxton Is the deputy who, on he opening day of the convention, attempted to read a resolution censuring Bishop Henry C. Potter, of New York, for-opening the subway saloon. In his remarks he express ?:d the opinion that it would be better for the chinch to curb the liquor traffic before changing the canons on divorce. Continuing, he was saying: "If, instead of a high official of the church Tending his influence to the dedication of sa loo-is?" when he was interrupt od by a point of order. Mr. Buxton was admonished by the chairman. St'.l] he attempted to mike some further reference, indirectly, to the subway tavern, bat was promptly called to order by the chairman. The time limit of the morning session expired before Mr. Buxton could continue. r??~" James McConnell. of New Orleans, opposed the adoption of the nt w canon. in a dramatic speech. "In God's name." he declared, "how can a church legislate to take away the pain of innocence? What right has anvcno to change the meaning of the words In St. Matthew's Gosne!? Where is the man to expound away the written word of the Son cf Gol himself?" Rev. T. J. Beard, of Birmingham, Ala., was opposed to the adoption of the proposed canon because it compromised the church as a teacher. George Foster Peabodv, of Brooklyn. thought that all additions should he voted down. The debate was put over. The House of Bishops presented the Archbisop of Canterbury with a silver loving cup. The English primate wii! leave the city for New York tomorrow and will sail for England cn Monday. Tfce resignation of Bishop Thomas A. JamgjTar. of Southern Ohio, was received and accented bv the House of Rishops. and his coadjutor. Right Rev. Boyd Vincent, becomes bishop of tho diocese. ? I Wood Alcohol Kills 16. New York. Special.?When Herman Sachs^dicd In Roosevelt Hospital, 20 minutes after he had been admitted, another death was added to the long list of fatalities which Coroner Schoier believes were caused bv the use of wood alcohol in the whiskey sold in the saloon of Rudolph Fritsche. There are now sixteen deaths on this list. Sachs was seized with violent abaomena] pains this afternoon CoroneT Scholcr was notified and a hurried investigation showed that the stricken man had been drinking whis key bought at Fritche's saloon just beforo I be police took possession of the place Crane Succeed Hoar. Boston, Special.-Governor John L. Bates appointed former Governor W. Murray Crane, of Oalton. United States Senator to fill the unexpired term of Senator Goorge F. Hoar, recently de ceased. Mr. Crane has informed Governor Batoa thai he will accept He is one of the largest paper manufacturers in the State and has been prominent in State politics for a Bcore of years. In 3897 he was elected Lieutenant Governor and in 1900 became Governor,1 which office he held for three years. Mr. J Crane is a personal friend of President Roosevelt. Apprehension at St. Petersburg. 9t. Petersburg. By Cable.?It is now midnight on the battlefield below Mukden. and the failure to receive news that the Russians achieved decisive results in Wednesday's fight north of Yentai. roupled with the Tokio report that Field Marshal Uyama is gaining <?aund, causes increased appreheusion. Still Fighting Stubbornly. Mnkden. By Cable.?Stubborn flghtis Wtill in progress. Ihks being the third day or the engagement. It is impossible at this time to say what has bees pccomplished. Hospital trains are continually arriving from the south. The wounded nre being sent further r.orth. A dressing station has been es lablished on the railway platform here where nurses and surgeons give prompt attention to the most urgeut cases be for the trains proceed. Ks' SOLICITOR SPEAKS PLAINLY Asked Many Pertinent Questions cf Prominent People?Even Preachers Figuratively Say "Amen." Mr. J. K. Henry, solicitor of tho sixth circuit, last week submitted to Gov. Ileyward a report on tho Kershaw lynching. Mr. Henry is very outspoken in his condemnation of the double killing and calls attention to a state of affairs in Kershaw which he says makes it almost impossible rcr the State to get any evidence. In view of the attention which has been attracted to the ca3e as well as to the strong statements in the letter itself. Mr. Henry's official communication to the Governor will be very interesting reading: Chester. S. C., Oct. 12, 1904. Gov. D. C. Heyward, Columbia, S. C. Sir: In obedience to your request I arrived at Kershaw, S. C., at noon on Monday, October 3, to investigate the lynching of John T. Morrison for the killing of William Floyd on tho Saturday previous. After conferring I with the sheriff of Lancaster, John P. Hunter. Esq.. who had preceded me that morning. I conferred with and interviewed the mayor, some of the aldermen, the town marshal, several of the citizens, the wife and son of Morrison and two of Morrison's neighI bors. From these I learned that the I attitude of the entire town and surrounding country was, by hand or heart, "His blood be upon us and our children." Not a single man ..among them but what deplored lynching and excused this one, "if one was ever excusable." Everyone with whom I conversed seemed to labor to Impress me with the fact that this was the msxc* nrfforlu nul?t and anhnr lvnrllinc CAAWOV V? UV4*^| \|W*Vto v*uu ww* MO n that ever occurred?a real pious lynching, with the preachers in the background, almost audibly saying "amen." I did not get to see any of the local preachers: but several spoke to me after leaving Kershaw, on tho sub ect of thi3 lynching, and to my entire astonishment, they voiced the sentiment, "If there ever was an excusable lynching this was it." Where are we going to end up?these horrible midnight murders by lynch law on all hands and public sentiment fast heading the same way? A sense of paralysis came upon me with tho darkness of Monday night On Tuesday morning I called a special meeting of the town council. Every member, with the town marshal. met us (Sheriff Hunter and my. self) in a special meeting. I explained that the Governor had s?nt me to investigate the lynching; they were swrru officers, like myself; 1 wanted their help; Morrison had been taken from their custody; they were somewhat responsible on this account; i wanted tlicm to deal with me in a perfectly honest and straightforward manner; I would try to do the same with them: there was no use in my wasting offcrt if they were in sympathy with the lynching or would obstruct or refuse to help me in the investigation. My appeal for help was in the interest of law, and the name or me aiaie aim UIU juaiwi. After this I asked ea?li and every one of them the following questions: 1. Are you in sympathy with, the lynching? 2. Will you help the State's officers in ferreting cut and bringing to trial these lynchers, honestly? 3. Was this lynching* done by town forks or from the surrounding coun try? Tc. *hese three questions I have ver bctim answers on file. Two aldermen mswered that they were indifferent to the lynching and would net help to ferret cut the lynchers. The mavor and one alderman unswered that they A _ 41 : !. were not in sympmnv wuu mc i.ihiuing and would lieln the State officers, provided it did not interfere with i their business (both of these had much Dusincss.) One alderman had done all he could to prevent the lvnching r.nd would do nothing more. The clerk was in sympathy with the lynchers and would net help to ferret It out and would cover up evidence if he knew of any. The town marshal was net in sympathv with the lynching, did all he could to prevent it and would help all he could to ferret it out, but he was busy collect'ng taxes. As to the third question, the opinion of three of those present was that the lynching was* done by country people, and of four that the crowd that did it was mixed: but bv four that the country people predominated, because nobody cou'd be missed from the town after Morrison was taken from the guard nouse. This last is liie opinion of the great majority of the townspeople to whom I talked. After interviewing the town officers, I requested the town marshal to go to every business place and announce that I would remain at the council chamber until 5 p. m., (taking 30 minutes for dinner) and wanted to confer with any one who would give me any assistance. I urged the marshal not to pass by a single man, if possible. As a result six persons called (Hi me. one of them a member of the Inquest r.n tho lvnrhinp of Morrison. I Tbis member of that jury had taken a hand In a lynching bee to the extent of voting to hang the culprit; hut this was for the usual (?) crime. Of all six none knew anything except! as "they say." I tried to meet The State's corres-1 pondent, sent word to him and went i tn his office. He was cut cf town ! I asked fcr end tried to find a friend j of the dead man, outside of his own family. If there was one he would not own it. One man spoke kindly of i Morrison, r.nd a man who had known j I him longest and best. The following aro my conclusions: William Floyd was a good, average citizen, sober and popular, and of a popular and influential family. John T. Morrison was cross-grained and killed two negroes (excusably or inexcusably). had been acquitted and had had trouble with several other oeople, drank, had no family nor influence. His killing Floyd was an awful murder and the community's killng him was more awful still, in that he conscience of the community is i lebauched with his blocd which will lot be wiped out for half a century., Morrison was a bad man, but not as dack as painted. The jury of inueit is from the country. Promthe foregoing facts if the jury does not take it into its head to vindicate the law by ferreting it out, tlie Slate is / powerless. There is nothing, it | seems to me, to be accomplished by the State's officers, unless the coroner and jury invite them back. Wo can assist the county; but can't take charge cf it. I am trusting that after the flrst shock of the lynching has passed, the conscience of the lawabiding element of that county will revive, and something may be done i yet to bring these parties to trial. ' When I hear from you I will instruct j the jury of inquest to close up it3 work. I don't want to be a party to * a farce. Very respectfully, J. K. Henry, Solicitor Sixth Citcuit. TO OBSERVE ARBCI BAY The State Superintendent of Education Has Issued an Address to the Teachers of the State. Tho third Friday in November is Arbor Day. a day to be observed by the schools according to an act of the legislature. It Is observed in Richland end some of the other countries by the planting of trees and shrubbery. Mr. 0. B. Martin, the State superintendent of education, is very anxious for all the schools in the State to observe Arbor Day this year. The law on the subject is as follows: "The free public schools of this State shall observe the third Friday in November of each .year as Arbor Day, and on that day the school officers and J teachers shall conduct such exercises ' and engage in the planting of such ' shrubs, plants and trees as will impress cn the minds of the pupils the proper value and appreciation to be placed on flowers, ornamental shrnbbery and shade trees." j Mr. Martin bos issued an address to county superintendents of education j and to teachers generally, in which he calls upon them to have the schools to r.'cke proper observation of the day. In his address he offers the following very timely suggestions: "Allow me to sal! your attention to c the statute providing for the observ. 1 ance of Arbor Day. The Programme in- i eluded hereto is only suggestive. You r ran easily supplement or abbreviate it, c! Inasmuch as this day is so near to t Thanksgiving day it might be well to c rombine their celebration on the date J Lest suited to your conditions. It will \ t'f an appropriate occasion to invito ' i patrons and to take steps for permanent school improvements. As a prep- r aration for this day. it will be pro ta- c hie to have the children collect in leaf g r>r book albums as many different kinds I of leaves as possible and in addition ? to teaching them the various kinds o: { trees that grow in South Carolina the c ieaves may also be used for spelling T er drawing lessons and an exhibit of c this work will form part of your entertainment of visitors. In many sec- C tions al3o an exhibit of the various z kinds of good might be collected and < pupils might make some useful arti- } ties of school or household furniture, a? pointers, ink stands. rule3, gavels, t Look eases, shelves, brackets, etc. j "However, the chief object of the leg- d islature seems to be to teach the value c 0! flowers, shrubbery and shade trees, f There are hundreds of school houses In a this State located in open fields with r Meak surroundings and it is hoped that t this number may be greatly diminished t by the celebration of Arbor day. The s address to the people of the south by the Southern State superintendents emphasizes this situation in the following language: 'Surely, then, the house iu which this sacred work of training the children of the republic for citizen- r ship and social service, a work that . has to do with mind and soul and body, with the moulding of character and the ( rreation of ideals, should be a place j worthy in all respects of such a work? j a home, not a hovel; a place j m c? beauty, not a place or ugn< i ness: a place of comfort, not a place of ' t discomfort; a place of cleanliness, not < a place of uncleanllness.. About It the I rrass should grow green and the sun < shine bright, the (lowers bloom aDd the f birds sing and the trees wave their t long arms, and the chil Iron while lis- ? lening to the lessons taught by men * and boohs may receive also from the 8 potent, silent influence of proper en- i vironrvent. the sweet message of peace j t nnd|lovc and culture and beauty.' \ "we ought to take advantage of this | occasion not only to make sentiment but to rai9e funds to improve and beautify the schools. Eac^ child could bring a coin, a collection may be taken, a or refreshments served and the pro- . coeds used to purchase pictures, buy T shrubbery, point houses, fences, etc. It ' would be especially appropriate to raise 1 money .for libraries In those counties f which have not secured their quota, r under the library act, and even those j that have 12 might anticipate next u year's appropriation and get their money ready by the time the appropria"? * At all events lion UCX.UUIC3 UIOIIUU.V. I hope that teachers and pupils will I make a pleasant and profitable ecca- c fcion out of Arbor day." I f \ White Man and Negro Killed. f Bishopville. Special. ? Saturday J night about 9 o'clock a riot occurred j a' Liicknow. a town about eight miles c north of Bishopville. between Harvev s Lang, a young white man. and several c negroes, and as a result Mr.* Lang and I one negro man named Szekill Aral t died Sunday morning about davlight. t there being but a short time difference between their death*. s Fine Crops dt State Farmg. c Columbia State. The superintendent of the penitentl-i ary. Capt. D. J. Griffiin, is back from the State farm and is wearing "the t smile that won't come off." The oc r casion of all this exultation on his j part is the fact that never in the his- f tory cf the State farms have such 4 crops been made. The corn will make about 25 to 20 bushels to the acre I and there are about 700 acres plante! f in the cereal. The cotton acreage hac nee enually as prolific and may pro f dr.ee from a bale and a quarter to s I bale and a half to the acre. t PALMETTO AFFAIRS Many Newsy Items Gathered From all Sections. Hoyt Hays Escapes Gallows. Columbia, Special.?Governor Hey CATAWBA HEARING south Carolina Institutes Proceedings Against Railroad HANY WITNESSES ON THE STAND South Carolina Railroad Commission Takes Evidence at Columbia?Governor Heyward Appoints New Treasurer for Lee County. Columbia, S. C., Special.?A hearing vas had before the railroad commission Tuesday in the matter of the louble wreck on the 9th of September it Catawba bridge on the Seaboard, ^hcn a number of lives were lost by eason of the passenger train leaving he bridge, shortly after midnight, and i freight train following 10 minutes ater, falling in on the wreckage. On he part of the railroad, the witnesses vore examined by Mr. J. L. Glenn, of Chester, district attorney for the Seaboard, and Chairman Garris conducting he examination for the State. Among he spectators was Mr. John Earle, of jreenville, commissioner-elect Com i.issioner Otugbman's report was read, r which he pointed out the possible ause of the wreck being the breaking ?f the bolt retaining the front trucks >f the passenger engine. In this broken >olt he had detected an old crack. He tiso criticised the road for having the eeond train run so close as to render ts flagging impossible. He thought a peed of 40 miles an hour too great for his bridge. In reply to this, General Superintenient Huger read his report of tbe accilent to President Barr, in which he liscovered that the catastrophe was robably due to a rail being unspikel. he retaining bars of the ce t rail eing found unbroken and their bolts Hscovered in good condition nearby, n the circumstances there was no time o flag the second train and for that cason it was impossible to prevent the iouhie wreck. The physical condition of he oridge. which was only two years ild. was perfect, as was admitted, and dr. Huger would not hesitate to run a assenger train over such a bridge at a ate of GO miles an hour. These witnesses were sworn for the ailroad: B. F. Luther, master meiianic; A. L. Monroe, inspector of en;ines; James Durkin, inspector oJ iridges: .Genera! Superintendent Hu;cr; R. F. West, conductor on wrecked 'assenger train; Pink Carpenter, colred. flagman; (5. H. Meares, engineer; \ C. Link and J. J. Duncan, of freight rew; P. K. Sanders, train master. The witnesses for the State were 'ommissioner Cough man and two citiens of Reddy. a station near the scene ? the accident. R. W. Patton and T. f. Geddys. The testimony was all one way and he railroad p?>ple had no difficulty In iroving that the accident wa? probably iue to a rail being ur.spiked. Disintersted witnesses testified that they ound angle bars and bolts untapped nd unbroken on the ground just beicath the first break in the trest'e. bat the threads in the bolts were rnroken and that a number of unbent pikes were found near the same spot Gasoline Engine Explodes. Asheville. Special.?A gasoline engine used in pumping tfater at the esidcnce here of President R. S. lowland. of the Atlantic ana i\oru> Carolina Railroad, exploded Tuesday ifternoon, painfully injuring an eni)loye named Garner about the hands md arms. Mr. Howland said tonight hat he did not know whether it was arelcYssness on the part of the em>loye or a defect in the engine that auscd the explosion. Garner was fiven medical attention, and it Is not hought that his hurts will result :eriousfy. It Is said that a heavy voolen shirt worn by Garner was reiponsiblo for his comparatively slight njuries; that otherwise his clothing vould have p.-obably ignited and he vould have been burned to death. Russian Fleet to Lea^. Copenhagen. By Cable.?The Aasocited Press learns from an excellent ource that the Russian Baltic fleet will cave Libau October 14 and pass hrough Danish waters Ocvtober 16. figh Russian naval officers have arived here and will Investigate the tanisb waters before the passage of be fleet. A Divorce Discussion. Boston, Spedlal.?A proposed ihange in the canons cf the Episco>al Church, whereby clergymen are orbidden to re-marry any person vho has boon divorced was discussed or two hours by the House of Depltles at Tuesday's session of the Srfsconal General Convention. The Mouse of Deputies was sitting as a ommiftee of the whole, and the conadoration of the subject, regarded as >nc of the most important to come >eforc the present convention, will >e taken up from time to time, until ho matter Is finally disposed of. For some time theio has l-een a tiong sentiment in the church that he cleigy should rot marry the tnno ent partv. News by Wire. The Imported stallion Meddler, of Ue stud of the late William C. Whit ley, was sold Tuesday night at Madson Square Carden, New York, to Matthew Corbelt for $51,000. Bedouin, ridden by Shaw, won the tancho del Paso stakes at Morris 'arte. Pasadena was second, Caii :orm third. Tba time was 1:09%, 3edouin broke in front and raaklnt he pace, won by a head. ward has commuted the death sentence of Hoyt Hayes to life Imprisonment Hayes was convicted of the murder of his young wife, Lula, In Oconee county. The flrst trial resulted in a mistrial, after Lu jury had been cut all night and at the second trial ho was convicted after five hours' deliberation by the jury. The Supreme Court last June refused him & new trial. Hayes was' convicted on circumstantial evidence, there being no other person about the premises at the time but the couple, yet a, strong ; sentiment hag grown up throughout ho 11 nj>niintrv ncro Inst thA rinfend&Ht 1 since the first trial, although the . State failed to establish any motive for the crime, the woman's own fam ily who liv^d near him, testifying that ' so far as they knew Hayes and his ' wife loved ?ach other devotedly. The body was found in bed with the face ; 3hot away, tho husband notifying the neighbors that his wife had suicided. A note was found in the room, wnicb was signed at the top instead of at' the bottom. This declared that she was treated well by her husband, but preferred to die rather than undergo the pain of motherhood, i The question of guilt or innocence of Hayes seemed to hang upon the authorship of the note, and Governor Heyward submitted this phase of the matter to David N. Carvalho, one of | the most distinguished handwriting . experts in America, who gives it as his Strong conviction that the note was not written by the woman. The ease has attracted a great deal of attention throughout the State, and the Governor hat received many ?trong letters for and against the prisoner, from Oconee county. The petition for commutation was signed bv over 1.000. and thorc was a strong counterpetition signed by over 500. South Carolina items. Some two weeks ago Wade Hartley, a negro* was convicted before Magistrate Waters at Johnston, in Edgefield county, for 'dotation of the dispensary law. and sentenced to the countrychain gang for thirty days. He was delivered to the propperauthorities and placed on tie gang, where he cjieri soonafter being received, and bis body was sent to the county alms house for burial; no not'ee of his death being given to his relatives or any one else. Tne nrgro was complaining of being unwell and It is said that he was given a severe lashing and required to do duty. His hasty burial aroused the suspicion of some of the citizens of Johnston, who had the body exhumed, and upon examination, it is reported it was found that there was a hole in the back of his head, his back terribly lacerated and one eye gone. County Supervisor Self, it seeni3. made an Investigation and reported that no violence had been done the negro; but the matter has aroused the Indignation of the people of that community, and the body will he taken up again and an inquest held, as It is believed thn the negro wos beaten to death. When exhumed the shackles were still on the body. Mr. Goldsmith Thompson, a well known young man and son of Judge 0. G. Thompson, of Laurens, committed , suicide Monday uight at the home of his father, five miles south of that city, hv shooting himself through the head with a revolver. He occupied a room alone and upon investigation after the startllrg report of the pistol at 1 o'clock at night, a member of the family, found the young man in his bed in an unconscious condition with a wound in h!s right temple. Dr. A. J. Cbristonher. of Laurens, was hastily summoned. but the wounded nr>n never rallied and died shortly before 5 o'clock Tuesday morring. He had been in ill health some time and had become despondent. a fact that is attributed as Ibe cause of his act. He was about 32 years old and unmarried. The new dam at Clifton on Pacole? river, just above the high trestle on the Southern railway, is now about com pleted. The work has been in charge of Engineer Pearce who has expended his host efforts in building the big dam on the most scientific plan. The dam is 28 feet high, and will afford ample on nppria it is anticipated. The mill located-.above on top of the hfll to the west, will be run by electricity. the power developed through an electric drive placed at the dam. Hoyt Hayes, the white man In Pickens county who was recently convicted of the murder of his wife and sentenced to be hanged, has been respited for two weeks by Governor Heyward. The gov ernor granted the respite in order that he might have time to fully investigate the fncts of the case. Monday night near Richardsonville In the western part of Saluda countv M. M. Morse was shot end instantly killed and W. L. Henderson w' wounded in the right hani, in the lef: arm, and sprinkled with shot in othc parts of the body. Both parties were white and the weapons used were shoteuns. Just how the aifair was started and who did the shooting which re suited so tragically will probably never be strair,Mene.d out. Last Thursday morning about nine o'clock while ginning on the second bale of cotton J. W. and D. W. Anderson. of Woodruff, lost by fire on J. D Darbey's old stand, a gin house, press scales, etc., with engine and saw mill The fire was caused by friction of toe shaft that ran the fan of the blast sue Mon. When the fire was first discover d it was a small blaze, but before the machinery was 9topped the fire had ''ashed over the lint room, through the I indows and doors. Soon everything ".is burned to the ground and int' shes. There was no insurance. Thi loss of machinery was about $1,000. ' 1$? i Plljljjlpl For th? Middle WmU N many parts of the Middte kj West Itierc 4s as great J need of road improvement ,?. * _ as anywhere else in ih* l!i HA world, and it ia no wonder that the people of this section hare gone into the good rood* movement with enthusiasm. A State good roads convention ham just been held at Springfield, 111., antfL although it is the bnsy season wit* the farmers, there was an attendance* of about 200 delegates, besides ma ay visitors. Senator Latimer, of Soatk Carolina, was the principal speaker, and he delivered an able and eloquent address. Naturally he devoted considerable attention to the principle ?t National aid as embodied in the bit* introduced into 'Congress by himself and Colonel Brownlow, sf Tennessee. The Senator is strongly of ^be oplaratu that the Government sbonldi contribute some of Its surplus revenues i# ski ins States In building good roads, -wife be bas many cogent reasons to in support of that proposition. At (to close of bis address Senator Latimer asked all present wbo agreed with bis . to stand up, and all but three or four ' sprang to tbeir feet There was some opposition, however, led by Professor Baker, of the State University, and m. protracted discussion followed in whicfc the professor came off decidedly second 1 best. ^ .jm One of the great obstacles to Improvement In some parts of tb?^ Mississippi Valley Is the scarcity ?t \ material for building roads. In largo portions of -Illinois, Iowa, Arkansas and several other States, there id neither stone nor gravel. All the material used in surfacing hard roads aas to be shipped in, which adds considerably to the expense. But the bottomless mud roads of these sectious are such a burden that people are willing to tax themselves heavily to secure relief. If the National aid plan shoald be adopted, the next few ypars wilt see au enormous improvement in tb? roads of the Middle West. Where there is good local material considerable progress has already been made. In Missouri there are hundreds / of miles of tine hard roads. The same may be said of Minnesota. Iu some lo? caiiti.-s excellent roads have been built of mining slag. Gravel is employed where available, and i:i Southern^ Illinois deposits of noraculite an drawn upon ana some very nne rasas huve been constructed from this material. On tbe whole, however, it most be said that only a beginning has bees made, and the agricultural industries of this section arc greatly hampered by the expense and difficulty of get jug farm products to market, f s. Tetter HoAdi and Better Schools* The farmers of East Tennessee am aroused on the subject of road 1m- ; provement. and especially enthusiastic for the plan of co-operation betweea ^ the State and Natiou. The Brownlodt hill is unanimously indorsed. The measure is especially commended as a a means of improvement in the country schoois. This is one of the strongest reaso :s for the systematic h*?" provemcnt of the country ro;fda. Unimproved rords are. perhaps, the greatest drawback to the success of rural schools. When the season of bottomless ronijs arrives the attendance at school becomes small and irregular* the classes become discouraged, and. bnt liltie nro2rcss can be made. Oue of the principal reforms of day consists in the consolidation of rural sehcols so as to do away wHh the greater number of small unsatisfactory schools and replace them wltfc larger centrally located schools. Thtv would reduce the expense and greatjj. Increase the efficiency of the conntrj; schools. In many places the people have adopted the plan of sending out wagons at public expense to bring 1? the children on the various roads. Bat this plan is only feasible where theroads are uniformly good. Hence, tt? find roads which prevail In most sections are a great bar to edacatloui progress. < Wide T'rn Fei Farm WipM. The subject of wide tires Is one of* great interest and Importance, and it is licIiiT thoroueblv discussed by thi* office i:i connection with various road associations and others interested. Important investigations of the University of Misrorrl will soon be;given to the public, and will show ve:y clearly Ute advantag.s of wide tires 0:1 the farm as well as on the road. The Office, of Road Inquiry, being asked to recommend legislation upon the 6ubect, hot proposed that the width of the tin* equal to the square of the diameter of the iron or steel ax'.e at the shoulder, and exactly the same width for tbo wooden axle of the same strength. A* one method of enforcing the change, M Is suggested that after a certain date all sales of new wagons whose tiro* fall below the standard established' shall be taxed, and that a rebate of taxation be allowed for eld wagon* altered to this standard. Ibis woott > l>ring,no additional tax upon the farmers, but would place the burden upoo the wagon builders. Under this plan, they would promptly build up to tfco standard, and their agents would bocome advocates of wide tires. Ther* is already very general progress throughout the country in this direction.