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AR? CARRIED MAILS Bill Tells of the Difference Now and the Long Ago. ?.*? ?*? Pftrnrvll .IIP POSTAGE KAItS WtKfc tnuKfliuua Receiver of Letter Paid the Postmcster on Delivery of Letter ? Benefits of Cheap Postage. Xow you young people, girls an! boys, excuse me for telling you a story about the old times. Sixty-four years ago, when I was 12 years old. my father was ?h^ postmaster in our town and ; had to make contract:-, for carrying the :nai! to oi.cr noigeoonng towns, ru gave these contracts to ntedv men an i the pay was generally one dollar a day One cf these men got sick and my father rnaoc me take his place and Tithe mr.ii to Itoswell all winter. It was ' T ^ "1,1A tUevt L*> nines away ana i uiu i'j nuv utn and back in a day. and ho paid me the dollar for every trip. It was a bitici winter and sometimes when I got home I had to be helped off the horse, feu I was frozen tip and helpless. Hut i was a tough ar.d hardy boy and always ready for the next trip. On my firsi j ride the good old women on my roat< did not know me. They used to knii socks and send them to town by the old man to sell and carry back som? coffee o;- sugar or indigo, or copperas or seme little thing, but they didu'i know me. and I remember that one clc woman came cut to the gate and said"Are you the mail boy?" And I laughs and said: "Yes. mam. I am net a f? male boy." She smiled and said: "Yoi are mis toy little to carry bundles, but I wot:H like for you to take n conplt of pairs cf socks and bring me bac!-< the pay In coffee if yon will. I'll give yon a little bag to put it in and you cai hang i: 0:1 to the horn of the saddle.' Of course I did, for I always i:ked :r obliee the wemen. and besides my faih er kept a stare and got the trade Sometimes 1 had as much outsido c the mad bag as there was inside, i made fourteen silver dollars that winter and felt rich. But 1 want to tell you about the mai "business as it was then. There were no stamps or stamped envelopes?noi any ether kind of envelopes. We wrote on a long paper called foolscap. It got that name from the watermark whicu was a fool's cap and bells stamped or the paper. After writing we could foK the sheet up to the size of a letter and slip one fold in the other?thumb paper fashion?then seal it with a wafei and address it. The wafers were round and thip and were made or flour paste and when held on the tongue a moment got soft and sticky. In my young day: the postage was paid at the end cf the line by the one who received the letter It was 12 1-2 cents if it did not come oi go outside cf the State?18 3-4 if from or to an adjoining state and 25 cents if still farther off. But if it was to gc to California it had to be prepaid and sent by Wells and Fargo's express and cost a dollar and was a month on the way. Just think of it. Now it costs only 2 cents and takes only four days. That overland express almost made us boys crazy. They published a booh railed "Ton Years Among the Mail Bags" and it had pictures in it?pictures of boys riding the mail on Indian ponies?riding on a run of 10 miles in an hour, and then he was lifted off of his pony and put on a fresh one for Another 10 miles Thf> hnvs hn-1 n weigh net less than sixty ncr ove: ninentv pounds and had to make 40 miles a day?20 east and 20 west. It took about two hundred boys and four hundred ponies to do the work and I wanted to be one of the boys mighty bad. Part of the route was beset by hostile Indians and the express com pany had to keep soldiers at those sta tions to guard the ponies, and the bov>, had to keep a sharp lookout between the stations. One of the pictures showed some Indians shooting at a boy as he bent over on the pony's neck and was flying like the wind. He had left the track and taken ronadance on them and I thought that was heroic. The letters were limited to a single sheet cf yaper and a thousand to a bag aud that made about twenty pounds of mail. Eesldes the mail there were some two-peny hacks with two drivers and guns and these carried gold dust from the mines to the eastern states and were limited to two hundred pounds, which was worth nearly $50.I1IU1 nnrl was a temntinir nri^o Wh white and Indian robbers. But the gold express ran at irregular intervals and nobody knew when it was coming. But now about postage. Not many foolish letters were written in those days. It cost too much and made the man mad when he had to pay 23 cent? or IS 3-4 or 12 1-2 cents for it. Th1 next cno the writer would send would not be taken out and would go to Washington as a dead letter. I reckon you wonder why the postage was in such curious amounts. Well, we didn't have any decimal currency then?no dimes or half dimes. The dollar was divided into sixteen parts instead of twenty: cne part was called a thrip. which was 6 1-4 cents. Thrip is an abbreviation for sevonpence. Two pans was called a sevenpence and its value was 12 1-2 cents. I don't believe I have seen a thrip or a sevenp?nce in fifty years. The government called them a 1 in and issued dimes and half dimes instead. In ruminating about the wonder?v.! change in our postal laws since I was a boy I am prepared to say that r.othln? that has been discovered or invented has wrought such beneficial results and so much comfort to the people. What pleasure at home is mere valued than reception of letters from kindred an I friends who are far away? Postage is I j only one-tenth what it used to be. but j there nre twenty times as many letters written by every person who can write and there are ten times as many to write them. The great northern mail ; ' used to come to our town once a week ' and a single sack in the boot of a stage contained it. Now five times that quantity cernes twice a day. I used to write j about two letters a week and now ! write twenty-five or thirty and receive more than I write. For I have quit anj swering many letters that inclose no j 1 stamp. The number of letters increas- ; es faster than the postage decreases. 1 When the postage bad to be paid at the j end of the line it was pretty hard to ; receive a disagreeable letter and have ?'o pay for it. My father was a mer- ; chant for nearly fifty years and sold goods on a year's time, and sometimes we had to write dunning letters to his customers. He wrote one to a very slow man and got no answer, so ha wrote another and the slow man wrote , back that he would have to wait until i he made another crop, and as postage was high and silver was scarce, he advised a very limited correspondence. He wrote another to a belated custom- . cr at Warsaw and another and another j and then got a reply which said : "I have received .vour letters hut thev were a long time on me way. lr you had sent them round by Atlanta and Marietta and Rcswell I would have rotten them sooner, for we have two mails a week by that route, but only , ! oae by the way you sent them. Hereafter you had better send them that | way. Our mail system is very imperfect. It takes six weeks for me to get a letter from Jack, who is in th~ Arkansaw. You remember Jack. But I am always glad to hear from you. Ycur friend. WILL -A M WATERS. "P. S.?As for thatMcccunt of last year, which you say has run a long time?as the boy said to the molasses, just let run. W. W." I wonder if our young people know j who was cur first postmaster general? ; He was the postmaster general before ! th? revolution and was turned out by King Ge orge b-cause he was suspected of being a rch?l and his name was Bea * jaroin I'ranklin. When the Declaration of Independence was pasec.l he established an independent line an 1 boycotted the English system und afterwards Gr?2n:ccd a system cf our own. Sir Rowland Hill was the postmaster /ten-, , oral of England and in 1724 established ; what was called the penny post. Tiefore that the English merchants hired , men to carry ihclr letters. When iho ' battlp of the Waterloo was fought the , Rothschilds kited private carriers to bring them (he news o{ the great bat- j tie. English crrdii and bonds and consols werp then away down to 23 cents i or. the dollar,, for Napoleon was just f running rcugh shod over kingdoms and governments. The Rothschilds got the i news of his defeat twenty-four hours sooner than the bankers of London and i 1 they secretly bought up all the bonds; and stocks and consols they could find.; I and when the good news came cf the i ; great victory these bonds and storks jumped up to par in a day* and the; Rothschilds made many millions an.J hie venc tbo hpfrinnlne of their great | fortune. It was a mean, dirty trick. > but they didn't oar?. For nearly a cen- j tury they have controlled the financjes. ! of the civilized world and nation* : could not go to war without consulting ' i tfc? Rothschilds. But now tiev have tc i take a back seat, for Pierpont Morgan and Rockefeller and a few others can j control more money than they can. But our postage has net yet got to the low-1 est notch. The people say it must be i reduced to 1 cent, and a bill has been j introduced in congress to that effect and letters will soon be delivered at, almost every man's r.or.so if he lives | on a public highway. Verily, it pas- < seth comprehension. I received a letter and a paper this morning from Austra!iav They had come 12.000 miles fori a rpntc ami fnnnrl me. althoueh there I are half a dozen Cartersvillcs in the ; United States. There is no system so perfect as the postal system and no man can steal from it without being : caught.?Bill Arp, n Atlanta Constit'i J ticn. I To Sorra an Oyster Cocktail. Charles Kanhofer, tb<e celebrated chef of Delnionico's, declared until the last days of hia life that there was nothing, aDsolutely nothing, new in , the culinary art; that no new dishes had been invented in ?/ty years; that i the so-called new dishes were only old ones revived. Although the oyster cocktail was introduced in the chop i houses of New York about two years I before Mr. Ranhofer's death he never I included it in his list of dishes, and as bis book was published before oys ters were served in thi3 way, he does 1 not mention the cocKtail. Really, it is , only the fact of serving the oysters in i o H-s! which nives the name to a cer " ? ? tain way of seasoning raw oysters known for years among oyster dealers along the Chesapeake shore and | even at the stalls In the New York oyster market. This is the way to 1 prepare an oyster cocktail: Put seven medium-sized, freshly opened oysters ! In a tall, slender glass. Mix In a bowl three teaspoonfuls of tomato catsup, a S teaspoonful of horse radish in white vinegar, four dashes of Tobasco sauce, a tablcspoonful of Worcestershire sauce ana a saltspoonful of salt. When these ingredients are well stirred to1 gether pour the mixture in the glass over the oysters and servo.?New York ? j Press. Tunnel Under Francisco liny. The San Francisco bay is to be tunneled to accommodate the traffic bej tween opposite sections of the city which now has to go around. The d!sj tance 13 about five miles and the sabI way will pass beneath an island In tfct> lay. 4 HOW TO SEE THE BIG SHOW. Some Timely Suggestions to Exposition Visitors. Staff Correspondence Columbia State. The correspondent of The State may be able to give information of a general nature which will be of service to the prospective visitors who reads this article. When the train arrives at Charleston the visitors will find that the street car system covers nearly the entire city and transfers from one line to another may be had for the asking. The street cars are operated on fine schedules between the city and the exposition grounds. There are two gates at the exposition grounds, but visitors generally get out at the second gate. They then pas3 through a turnstile to the right of the street car and proceed .to the gate in front. Upon entering this gate the visiter faces the great cotton palace which is the background of the court of palaces. Whatever exercises will be held that day will take place in front of the South Carolina building, which is to the left of the cotton palace. The State building is a good point from which to start on a tour of Inspection. South Caroliuans will be surprised at the elegance of the exhibits in the State building, which is itself from an architectural standpoint - i i?:l a: ? ? T/v u vutauuiui uuiiuiufe. xu iuo icn of the building is an annex in which the splendid exhibits from Oregon and from Louisiana are shown. Passsing out of the rear door of this State building the visitor enters a semicircular colonnade in which the United States government has placed its navy and war department exhibits. The postal service also has a very interesting display iu this colonnade. A detachment of United States marines it enrampel in the court just back of the State building. This colonnade contains a postofltee where mall is received and distributed. The Southern railway occupies a prominent place here. The United States government also has exhibits from the department of state and the gcodedic surveys, al9'j exhibits showing the diseases of cattle, etc. This leads up to the cotton palace where many interesting things are shown by cotton mills, cotton seed oil mills, guano factories, etc., concluding with a splendid display of articles and curios from the Philippine islands. When this building is finished with, another colonnade is entered, and here are shown other exhibits from the government, concluding with tho Smithsonian institute's display. This leaas up to the palace of commerce where visitors will be entertained by the representatives of great establishments showing the manner in which many articles of wear and of food are made. Without caring to show any partiality, this correspondent would cite as an example of the exhibits in this building the model of the great establishment of Libby, McNeill & Libbey in Chicago. The reproduction in miniature of the buildings shows th > cattle brought in on t:*ains, carried to the top of the building where the im mensp slaughter nens are located. The process of slaughtering, quartering, etc.. are shown in the buildings lighted by a hundred tiny incandescent light*. There are many such exhibits in tho palace of commerce, which is the last of the three great buildings which one may visit without putting foot on ground after entering the front door of the State building. To those who have plenty of ti -e, a whole day could be spent here wich profit . Those whose time is limited will at this point go in search of dinner. A good, clean dinner may be had at the woman's building or at the Crescent Inn. There are other places where really nice meals are served?Heinz's the Venetian Inn .and several cafes on the Jlblway. Dinner may De naa at oo to 50 tents, lunches cheaper. After dinner a hurried inspection may be given the auditorium, which faces the court of palaces, and then the Cuban or East Indian building should be visited. The building of mines and forestry is also in this group, near the administration building. In the latter Col. Arerlll, Col. Gadsden. Major Hemphill and other titled officers of the exposition do their work with the assistance of an army of cierks. 1 There are a number of State buildings which appear beautiful from i without and in which a warm welcome may be found. These buildings are as follows, in oror of arrangement: Pennsylvania, Maryland, New York, Philadelphia, Cincinnati, Illinois, and the Louisiana Purchase exposition or St. Louis building. It does not take long to "do" these buildings, but in passing tnrougn mis not ui uuuum&s the visitor must not pass by the art gallery where Mr. Townsend has coi' lected a beautiful array of pictures, representative of every period and kind of American art. The women will, of course, go to the ' women's building, whiih is jus: beyond - .... - J , 4 - ; *- fr ' ' ^ ! the Illinois l 'Gilding, but the men . should go there w00, ^ be a revelation to the men South Carolina, I and a joy to the wotu'en. The negro building should be visited by every white person in order to bt-ome fully | impressed that unlesss the wi;.te peo| pie wake up the negroes will be competitors ere long. But even though this is the end of 1 the long array of buildings, there are others to be seen. They lie beyond Loire .Tuanita. the fisheries, transportation and mechanical buildings. Each ? ir. worthv nf an extended visit. Then ' cctops the Midway, which is at the opposite side of the grounds, and is gayest by the light cf the electricity which < banishes night from the exposition ' grounds. In this list enumerated there aro m'any buildings whose exhibits ! could not be thoroughly appreciated by ! a casaul visit, yet even a hurried glancu will serve to convey to the visitor an impression which will be wholesome . and elevatihg. ' ? ' Christ's call is Hi3 servant's consecration. I I ! Redeeming Asiatic Tnrkey. Asiatic Turkey is to be rescued from semi-barbarism by the construction of J $140.000,i>00 worth of railroads, one of which will run through Euphrates valley from end to end. The new roads will follow the old caravan routes, and they will touch all the principal cities and towns of Bible laud. i ATLANTIC COAST LINE R. R. CO, CONDENSED SCHEDULE. TEAIN.H GOISO SOUTH. Dated Jan. 15.1902 No 55. No. 35. No.51 P. M. A. Ml Leave Wilmington *3 45 00 j ! Leave Marion 6 40 8 45 Arrive Florence. 7 25 i) 25 . P.M. A.M. . Leave Florence .*8 00 *3 30 Arrive Sumter 9 15 4 33 ' r ' No. 52 - P. M. A. M ; Leave Sumter*.,..-..... 9 15 *9 25 J | Arrive Columbia 10 40 11 05 , No. 52 runs through from Charleston via [ Central R. R., leaving Charleston 3 00 a. nj- , Lanes 7!50 a. re., Manning 8 39 a. ra. TRAINS 001X0 XORTB. , ' . - No. 54. NO. 53. lia50 I A. M. P. M. I'. M. j Leave Columbia *6 55 *4 40 Arrive Sumter 8 20 6 13 No, 32 A. M. P. M. Leave Sumter 8 20 *6 19 ...... I ?tji a M 7 HK +7 I Ain> O r lUIVUW,^ m w ? , A. M. Leave Florence 10 10 .... 8 15 j Leave Marion 10 53 .... 8 54 , Arrive Wilmington 1 40 .... 11 30 Dallv, fDaily except Sunday. No. 53 run# through to Charleston, ft. C., via Central R. R.,arriving Manning 6 53 p. m.. Lanes 7 35 p. m., Charleston 9 20 p. m. Train No. 53 makes close connexion at I Sumter with train No. 59, arriving Lanes 9 45 a. m., Charleston 11 35 a. m., Tuesdays I Thursdays and Saturdays. Trains on Conway Branch b-ave Cbadbourn 12 01 p. ni., arrive Conway 2 20 p. w., I returning leave Conway 2 55 p. in., arrive ! Chadbourn 5 20 p. m., leave Cbadbourn 5 35 i p. m.. arrive Elrod 8 10 p. m.. returning leave Elrod 8 40 a. m.. arrive Cbadbourn 11 25 a in, Daily except Sunday. H. M. EMERSON. (Jen. rat^en^er akvow i J. II. KENLT, T. M. EMERSON. Gec'l Manager. Traffic Manager. Our fee returned if we fail. Acy or amy invention will promptly receive ou ability of same. "IIow to Obtain a I Secured through U3 advertised for sale Patent taken out through us receive TnE Patent Record, an illustrated ant | by Manufacturers and Investors. ' Send for sample copy FREE. Ad VICTOR J. E\J [Patent At Cyans Building. Labor Saving Busy Men an $3.00 a year I TJT? S ll A cent a day X lll-a Vx t A Weekly Newspaper and an Illustrate! of world-happenings every week in brief is the Editor-in-chief, and Harniltoi JACOB A. RIIS The author of" How the Other Half Uvea" will give in The OimooK an intensely huraan and vivid | account of his experiences as a child in Denmark, 1 an immigrant in America, a workman, a traveller, a reporter, and finally a student of tenement house j problems, and an efficient aid to Theodore Roosevelt | in reorganizing the New York police. Mr. Riis writes with simplicity, humor and vigor. LYMAN ABBOTT will contifcute a seriesof important paperson funds- 1 mental political principles as applied to twentieth I century problems. It will be called "The Rjckts or Mam, and will define industrial, educational and religious, as well as political, rights and duties. Ts-fv %*rr ' f . ' I ? . ' -W- > > i*. l I I 'l 11 > ? *| ~HI> llll HI??mm?I?MMMi?I Skin Diseases, For the speedy and permanent en re of * tetter, salt rheum and eczema, Chamberlain's Eye and Skin Ointment is mtnout an equai. it reueves toe itcning and smarting almost instantly and .ts continued use effects a permanent mre. It also cures itch, barber's itch, scald head, sore nipples, itching piles, chapped hands, chronic sore eyes and granulated IWs. Dr. fady's Condition Powders for iorses are the beet tonic, blood purifier md vermifuge Price. Scents. So Id by 7)|? I ar(y?t. and Most Complete I siaMlsliment South. 3E0. S. ^AGK^ER & SON, ?MANTTFACTURKM OF? Sash. Doors* Blinds. Moulding and Building Material, Sash Weights and Cord . CHARLESTON, 8. 0. Purchase oar make, which we guarantee superior to any sold South, and thereby sare money. Window and Fancy Glass a Specialty. Dyspepsia Cure Digests what you eat. It artificially digests the food and aids Nature in strengthening and reconstructing the exhausted digestive organs. It is the latest discovered digestant and tonic. No other preparation can approach it in efficiency. It instantly relieves and permanently cures Dvspep6ia, Indigestion, Heartburn, . Flatulence, Sour Stomach, Nausea. Sick Headache,GastnUgja.Ctampe,ana all pther resu Its of i m perfect digest*, n. Prepared by E. C rv.witt a Co. Cbtcaj ? Registration Notice. The office of the Snpervieor of B?f titration Will be opened on the Aral Monday in every month for the purpose of the registering of any person. who is qualified *9 follows: Who shall have been a resident of the State for two years, end of the county one year and of the polling preciut in which the eleotor offers to vote foar months before theday oleleot:on, and Khali have paid,six months be.ore any poll tax then due and payable, and who can both read and write any Kectioo of the Constitution of 1896 f obmiited to him by the supervisory of registration, or can show that he owns, and ban paid all tixee collectable daring the present year on property in mis State assessed at three hundred dollar" or more. J. J. EADDY, Clerk of Board. iif 10 sending sketch end description of r opinion frco concerning the patent'atent" sent upon request. Patents at our expense. i special notice, without charge, in Iwid circulated journal, consulted dress, rAWS & CO., tomcys,) WASHINGTON, D. C. ' ; Reading for d Women, in jtlook r i Magazine in one. Telia tike story clear-cut paragraphs. Lyman Abbott i W. Mabie the Associate Editor. RALPH CONNOR Under this pseudonym were written two of the most striking of recent noveb, " Blade Rock " and "The Sky Hlot." A new novel of Canadian and Western life by this author will appear in Ths OtmooK during the year. In spirit, humor, pathos and strong character-drawing ft is mn superior to its predecessors. SPECIAL "To^Tntroduec h E J O F F F R Outlook to new readers wc will send it for two months' trial for 25 cents provided this paper is mentioned. Address' THE OUTLOOrs NEW YORK wmmmmmmtmmmmmtmmmm UMMnanMi