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^IHI18 HI ffltl The Courts Will Have to Decide the Case in Sumter. A BONE OF CONTENTION. The Matter is Attracting a Good Deal of Attention, and Further Developments Are Waited For. HK The correspondent of the Columbis Sumter of the ?th, says that a license tax was imposed jj^^^Vthe city cSuncil taxing business and ( ^^^wofessional men of all kinU9. This ^icense tax has long been a bone of con/' tention, as many of the busiuess men claimed that it was unjust and nnnec u essary, ana deciareu tnai tuey woum oarry the matter to the courts before they would pay the tax. The oouncil on the other hand was inexorable, and at a recent meoting a majority of the aldermen voted in favor oi an ordinance to enforced the payment of the tax. A number of merchants and men of different professions were summoned to appear before the mayor to "show ?ause, etc." When the* mayor's court was opened a large crowd was present, made up of merchants, lawyers, doctors, wheelwrights, blacksmiths and newspaper reporters, who, by the way. are exempt The first man up was one of the largest furniture dealers in this city. After being questioned by the mayor, and making his own statements, he was informed that he was liable to a tax and if that tax was not paid within ten days a penalty of 20 per cent, would be added. All of the others present, after making their statements were informed of their liability, and that unless this tax was paid within ten days executions would be put in the hands of the sheriff in accordance with the provision of law. The firm of Haynsworth& Haynsworth .aioinad liv tllfl HTltl-tjlT mftn UO? C wvu 1 VintuVM VT and they say they will fight the tax to the bitter end. The matter is attracting a good deal of interest, and further developments are eagerly waited for. STATK ITEMS. The following State items are taken from the columns of the News and Conner's correspondents: Bennetts ville. There are many hundred bales of cotton in Marlboro county, and the advan oe in the price of the staple has gladdened the hearts of those fftcmers who have held for higher prices. Nearly all that is being sold is on fact's*#^ orders, as manufactories are paying s more than commission men who are exporters?There is quite a building boom in this town, not less than half a dozen houses being under construction at present, some of them very costly.... Fertilizers are moving rapidly and cotton seed meal has advanced one dollar | per ton ? A prominent stockholder of L the McColl factory said a few days ago P that a new ootton mill would be erected there during the present year On the 34th of February, 1897, there had been recorded in the clerk of court's office in this county, G88 liens, and up to the ssme date this year there had been recorded 704 making an increase of 16 for this year. This does not look | as if people are ready to abolish the lien law. Sumter. Between September 1 and March 1 17,100 bales of cotton were shipped from Sumter. Between the same dates last season 17,400 bales were shipped. This does not mean that tne receipts have fallen of), for the difference is more than made up bv the ootton bought by the cotton mill and that held in storage. Cheraw. It is surprising that someone who knows the value of good timber does not get possession of the valuable forests near Cheraw. It was from these the State exhibit at the Atlanta Exposition were collected, consisting ' of twenty-eight varieties. No better or more general assortment can be found anywhere on the globe, and some enterprising man could make a fortune out of it The owners are letting it stand, not seeming to know its great value or the extent of their holdings. The building of the Cheraw and Lancaster Kailroad is being agitated again, this time with some prospect of success, as it is in the hands of Allan V.Af?lan ft ortn nf Pnl Allan Afft/?far Ian, the man who was instrumental in the building of the Cheraw and DarlinttDu Kailroad. Tillman's Opinion. Senator Tillman, says the State, when asked his opinion in the Maine disaster, replied: * "If it is shown that the Maine was blown up by the Spaniards, we will have war iu spite of h-L" The Lake City Crime. A Washington special says Senator Tillman, accompanied by Hon. W. A. Barber, attorney general, and Hon. James J. Norton, member of Congress from the Sixth district, called upon Assistant Attorney General Boyd to assure him of the hearty co-operation of the South Carolina authorities in the efforts to ferret out and bring to punishment the perpetrators of the crime at Lake City. Mr. Barber has already instructed the State Solicitor of the district to institute an investigation with a view to prosecutions and has signified a desire to co-operate with the United States authorities in this matter. Senator Tillman, Mr. Barber and A r. Norton expressed condemnation of this offense and stated that the people of South Carolina generally condemned it in the strongest terms. A Very Good Man. Alllngton?Is Fierson, the milliona Erood church member? , Deacon Wadhams?I thould think he L. was. Why, the rest of us don't have to subscribe hardly anything to keep affairs going. Deacon Hamby?We're going to hare a reformed prizefighter talk at the temperance meeting Thursday night. The Deacon's Son?How is it possible that he can be reformed if he still talks?? Chicago News. w* v>. ' ? *1 PALMETTO STATE CULLINGS. Clemson Textile School. It is the expectation of the board of trustees of Clemson College that the textile school, which was provided for at the recent meeting of the board, will bo ready for operation on the 1st of September. The board has had considerable correspondence regarding the matter with Mr. D. A. Tompkins, of Charlotte, who is an expert on mill matters. Mr. Tompkins lias advised the board that it would not be well to make a start with less than $12,oOU, and at his suggestion this amount was appropriated. Mr. Tompkins is satisfied that with that much money he can instal a ???? ill on tVlA gicab UUUi UIU1D UiHV/Uiuvi; ? money in the bands of anyone else than the College would purchase, as it is more thau likely that machinery manufacturers will be glad to have their types of machinery installed in such a technical school, so that graduates might appreciate the value of their machinery when tbev go out to work. It is intended to construct an entirely separate building for the textile school, large enough to meet the present requirements, as well as to give latitude for future growth. The understanding of the board is that it will take one expert and possibly an assistant to give the necessary instruction in this department, and to keep it in running order. The necessary power will be supplied by the present steam plant at the College. It is the expectation of the board that the toxtile department will add to the popularity of the institution, and it is intended to spare no expense or pains in getting everything in the best order. Train Was Not Under Control. The State railroad commission and the authorities of the Atlantic Coast Line, notwithstanding all the testimony taken, have had a ratner aimcim joo iu placing the responsibility' forthereoent wreck on the main line of the Coast Line near Charleston. The action of the railroad commission, which was determined npon recently, was made pablic in the following form on the tith: "Under section 1634, general statutes, it is the duty of the board of railroad commissioners to investigate the cause of the collision on the Atlantic Coast Line at the 'Eight Mile Turnout' After carefully considering the testimony and the facts, we liad that train No. 37 ran bv the 'Eight Mile Turnout' which was the passing point * high rate of speed and did not observe rule 93, which requires them to approach the passing point with train under complete control." This plaoes the responsibility for the accident on the enSineer and conductor of the fast train, ut tnere was not the slightest evidence to show that they could be considered criminally liable. ^ Broke the Record for Brutality. "Akoecial from Greenville savs a Sau dy Flat citizen, Watt Nobles by name, has broken the record for brutality. He got on a drunk and went down to Simpson ville, on the Greenville and Laurens Railway, hunted up a negro, John Gallard, whom he believed had reported him for doing: a blind tiger business, called Gallard out of his house, attacked him with a club and seriously injured the negro. Having whetted his appetite for blood, he crossed the country and stopped near Greer's; at the house of Hezekiah Neal. Neal took him in and fed him. insane from drink, he jumped on the little son of Neal and beat him unmercifully. The father coming to the rescue of his boy, Nobles crabbed ao axe handle and knocked Neal down and beat him almost to death. Not satisfied with his brutal treatment of father and son, he dragged Mrs. Neal out of her bed and beat ner into insensibility. Neal and Gallard came to the city and swore out three warrants against Nobles, charging him with assault with intent to kill. Deputy Sheriff Gilreath is hunting Nobles. A Reformatory Commission. At the last session of the General Assembly a joint resolution was passed providing for a commission to inquire into the feasibility, cost and general scope of a reformatory for youthful oriminala. The commission is to report to the General Assembly at its next session "by bill or otherwise." No pay is provided. Governor Ellerbe has appointed the following commissioners under the provisions of the bill: L. D. Childs, of Columbia; Rev. C. C. Brown, of Sumter; Prof. R. Means Davis, of Columbia; Rev. John Kershaw and Rev. Riohard Carroll. The Rev. Richard Carroll is the colored man who has been agitating the matter of a reformatory for youthful criminal.* The chairman of the commission will have to call it together. To Bridge the Congarce. There is a movement on foot at CoInmhia. hir a ioint Stock COmDftDV to build an iron bridge over the Congaree river, connecting that city with her rapidly growing sister town, Brookland, and Lexington beyond. Capital stock, $40,000. The Dispensary Buys New Quarters. The dispensary has bonght itself a new home. It proposes to spend $18,000 for its new quarters, and to spend money in improving and renovating the property. The place purchased was at one time used as the department of engraving and printing by the Confederate States Government. It will make a good home for the dispensary^ The board urge that in a very short time it will repay the State on account of the saving of the large bills for keeping up the hauling force. The dispensary expects to move on or about the 1st of June.?Columbia correspondent News and Courier.' Perrv F. Thornley, a popular young citizen of Anderson, oommitted suicide in that city by taking morphine. The citizens of Darlington, in mass meeting,have put themselves on record bv passing a strong set of resolutions denouncing the Lake City outrage. Near Mayesville, one "Loaf" Wi son, a young negro man, shot and kill ed Eliza Jane Wesley. They quarreled over a bottle of "booze," with the abovo result. Wilson was arrested. At Chester, MoDuffie Estes, a young merchant, was shot to death bv Henry H. Marcus, a blacksmith. The cause leading to the fatal afiair was over an account Marcus owed Estes. Marcus has been lodged in jail. t 3 /- .V i * MlfrfcTM The State Treasurer is Pushing the : Business. LESS THAN ONE-FOURTH OF ; ! . The Sinking; Fund Was Taken by the J Counties Last Year?Over One-Half of Retnaiuder Taken This Year, The State's plan of acting as money lender to her several counties is meet ing with more encouragement this year than last. The two primary causes which suggest themselves are that the State is offering more liberal terms, hustling for the business, in other words, and the counties are in greater j need of the money. At the session of the General Assembly in 1897 an act was passed authorizing the lending from the sinking fund : to the different counties sums not to ! exceed one-third of the tax levy for ordinary county purposes. A lien on the taxes of the borrowing oounties guaranteed the payment of the loan, with , interest of 5 per cent, on the amount borrowed for the actual time the money was in use. The last session of the Legislature broadened the terms of that act by making the amount which could be borrowed equal to one half the levy for county purposes. It was thought when the act was passed in 1897 that the counties having to borrow money would take advantage of the State's offer. The only counties which did so, however, 'were Aiken, Harnwell, Cherokee, Dorchester, Fairfield, Hampton, Marion, Oconee, Sumter and Williamsburg. The total sum borrowed by them was $39,032. This year by special enactment, Anderson was permitted to borrow $28,000 and Greenwood $10,000. The other counties which have, up to this time, either borrowed or made application for 1 ' loans, with the amounts asked for, are as follows: Cherokee, $4,400.75; Clar- j endon, $1,800; Fairfield, $7,350; Marion, j $5,000; Lancaster, $3,500; Pickens. $3,714; Sumter, $8,0'K); Williamsburg, $5,500. These 6ums foot up $38,270.75, and with the special loans to Anderson and Greenwood give a grand total of $76,270.75, or nearly twioe as much as the amounts loaned last year. The balance on hand last year was $131,262.78, so it is seen that the State still has a considerable fund on band to lend to the counties which have not yet made application. Auditors* Salaries In Danger. It is a matter of interest that although within the past few years a number of new counties have been established, the salaries of those officers in the old oounties, which are paid from State I funds, are no less than formerly, while the salaries of the officers in the new ara on additional xnnrm of r? VVUUUVB OIV HM v. .. duction from tho State finds. By request Comptroller General Derham has kindly furnished the following list of ooanty auditors and their salaries paid from State funds: Abbeville, $700; Aiken, $700; Anderson, $700; Bamberg, $600; Barnwell, $700; Beaufort, $700; Berkeley, $800; Charleston, $1,800; Cherokee, $400; Chester, $600; Chesterfield, $500; Clarendon, $500; Colleton, $600; Darlington, $600; Dorchester, $500; Edgefield, $700; Fairfield, $600; Florence, $600; Georgetown, $5$0; Groenville, $600; Greenwood, $600; Hampton, $500; Horry, $500; Kershaw, $500; Lancaster, $500; Laurens, $600; Lexington, $500; Marion, $700; Marlboro, $300; Newberry, $600; Ooonee, $500; Orangebnrg, $700; Pickens, $500; Richland, $800; Saluda. $500; Spartanburg, $800; Sumter, $700; Union, $500; York;$700; Williamsburg, $500. Prohibition is Booming. April 14 is the day which has been set for the assembling in this city of the exponents of the doctrine of prohibitions for the purpose of organizing , and putting a ticket for State offices in fiald Kaoratarv T. J. La Motte. of the State central committee, states that he is receiving letters of encouragement from all the counties in the State, and that the convention will be largely attended. He is not yet ready to make any expression of his views as to the plans upon which the campaign will be conducted. -Columbia Register, 11th. Mormonlsm and Dispensary. From the following letter received by the Governor it wonld seem that some of the citizens of Utah want to mix Mormonism and the dispensary. Dear Sir: I am anxious to get a copy of the dispensary law af South Carolina, and such reports and other documents as will give me a good idea of its workings and advantages. I wish to present the matter to the people here and I wish all the information I can get to enable me to do so under- I standingly. Yours respectfully, Rev. David Peebles. Hampton In Virginia. A special dispatch to the Baltimore ' Sun from Lynchburg, Va., says: Gen. Wade Hampton arrived iu the city on the afternoon of the tith and was visited by the city council in a body. Brief addresses of welcome were maile by the mayor, G. W. Smith, and the president of the council, Mr. Thomas D. Davis, j and the clerk, Mr. Carter Glass. The i action of the council was taken in recognition of the services rendered the city by General Hampton in the late j war. Six of the Maine Dead. Six bodies from the wreck of the Maine arrived at Key West, Fla., irom Havana oa i the steamer Bache, and were Interred In | the Government plot in the city cemetery, 1 The ceremonies and guard of honor were under oharge of Commander McCalla of the Marblehead. One of the bodies was that of Robert White, mess attendant, and another was probably that of First Sergeant of Marines Wagner, though it may have been Private Lamiette. Agrees to Russia's Demand. i China has agreed to the demands made by Russia to lease Port Arthur and TalienWan for ninety-nine years. 1 X :' }f. a-oLLOCIfS" PLATFORM. He Issues An Address to the Democracy of the oth District. The Hon. W. P. Pollock, of Cheraw, who is one of the ten or more candidates for Dr. Strait's place in Congress, has issued the following platform: To the Democracy of the Fifth Congressional District: Believing in rotation in office, not only in respect to men, but also in respect to the different sections which are represented by any | officer, and believing that Chesterfield ; eoimiv. which has never had a native I born representative in Congress, is en- j titled to some consideration at the hands of the other counties in this (lis- , trict, I hereby announce myself a can didate for Congress from the 5th Con- > gressional district, subject to the Dem- j ocratic primary. I shall stand upon ; my record made in the General Assem- ; bly of South Carolina during the past j four sessions of that body, and hereby j declare my allegianeo to the principles set forth in the Democratic platform as adopted at Chicago in 18UU. I favor the free and unlimited coinage of silver and gold at the ratio of 1G to 1; the repeal of the prohibitive tax of 10 per cent on the issue of State banks; an amendment to the Constitution of the United States permitting the as- | segment and collection of an income tax; the restriction of the tariff so that it will only provide sufficient revenue for the economic administration of the government; the cnrtailment of the extravagant and outrageous appropria tions for pensions and for rivers and harbors, and the destruction of the shameful and ruinous system of gambling in futures, by which the affect of the law of supply and demand on the price of cotton and other agricultural products has beon destroyed, and by which the gamblers.of Wall street have been enabled to fix the price which the toiling receive as compensation for their labor to a large extent. IN8AXK OF THK STATE. The Largest Number of Patients to the Hospital In Its History. The care of the insane of the State has become a serious problem. The number of patients have assumed alarming proportions. To such an extent is this true that that the board of regents met on the 10th, says the Columbia State, and gave the matter their most careful consideration. As a result of their deliberations they appointed two committees to study plans to relieve the situation by reducing the number under treatment. During the past month 089 persons were cared for. This is the largest number in the history of the hospital for the insane. Thirty-four new ones have applied for admission. Thirty-one patients were discharged on trial. mi 1. J?:J-J 1L.1 iv. iiioregouw ueuiuou vuai< mo uimuution is becoming so crowded that to accomodate recent and incurable cases for whom applications are being made it will be necessary to send l1 chronic and harmless cases to the poor houses of their respective counties. A committee consisting of Mr. Iredell Jones and Superintendent Babcock was appointed to investigate the subject and report to the regents in order that the matter may be laid before Governor Ellerbe to be transmitted by him to the next General Ass^blv. The questrel of admitting insane criminals iB a vital one and Dr. Taylor, as chairman, was appointed to prepare a special report. He is to confer with the superintendent and directors of the penitentiary iu order to have recommendations for legislation which will have insane criminals placed in the penitentiary, where in the opinion of the regents, they properly belong. THE PAY OF 8UPEEVI50KS. I ??? 1 An Interesting Question Which Affects ' All Old Boards. Under the new law regarding super- ^ visors of registration, a question has arisen in some of the counties which is j also of interest to all the others. It is 1 as to what length of time the former i boards of sunervisors get paid for, and * ?when the pay of the new boards commence. Comptroller General Derham. who has received a number of inquiries along this line, takes the position that the tenure of office of the old boards expired the tirst of the year, that being the beginning of the fiscal as well as the calendar yey. Consequently, he says, they get no pay for service rendered in 1398 unless they are able to obtain remuneration from the board just coming in. In some counties the personnel of the board is practically unchanged and in such counties it will not be difficult to arrange the matter.? The State. ' Pencil Pointers. Capt Lawson D. Melton has been appointed United States marshal for this State. Rev. Dr. Howerton, of Charlotte, N. C., will deliver the baccalaureate sermon at Conyerse College commencement. A commission has been issued to E. Steinberger, W. C. Smith, G. R. Welch, S. P. Wright and A. S. Calhoun, Jr., as corporators of the People's Bank of Clio, which will have c $25,000 capital. t The authorities of the Fairfield cotton | mill eot hold of some cotton a lew days a20 that had been heavily salted. Fortunately it was discovered before much of it reached the machinery, as it might have caused hundreds'of'dollars worth ' of machinery to have been ruined in short order. Eev. S. B. Fulton, missionary to rTapan, is at his home in Sumter on a furlough, after nine years among the Japanese. The Soluda Begiment of Confederate Veterans, consisting of five full camps, in the Edgefield district, has notified President McKinley that its services are at his disposal. In Hlndostan. when the parents of a baby cannot agree upon a name, two lamps are placed over the names. The one over which the lamp la blister If that which lb chosen. The experience of Haytl but goes to show that it Is not safe for weak nations to be solvent and saucy at the same time. __ _ - -yP [tiVlf'P ! V.'.r.r-Tj-r.-'-f.*. . ^ >. . . ?.'.?j.?M-r.i-i-^i-r-!-i ?? ? 1 Enyin? Cheap Fertilizers. It is tue natural tendency of farmers rrlirn* nnnirnntorl ivifVt 1m? TirippS of ""v" * r -products to stive themselves by the purchase of cheaper fertilizers, or by dispensing with any boughten fertilizer. But this is nearly always a mistake. The cost of the fertilizer is only a small part of the cost of making a crop. Labor is a much more expensive item, and if the soil be not rich enough, much of this labor will be ineffective. As for using poorer grades of fertilizers, they cost as much to apply them as the best. In fact, the more expensive grades of fertilizers are usually in finer condition, and can be easily made to cover a large surface and do more good to the first crop."?American Cultivator. Tlio Care of New Seeding. It requires time as well as plenty of grass seed to make a perfect sod that shall cover the entire surface. Whoever after the ground has once been frozen in the fall, snail examine the grass seeding of the previous spring, will be surprised to find how little the soil is really covered. Before the freezing came the fresh leaves of grass seemed to make almost a perfect mat over the surface. But under the touch of frost the whole plant appears to shrink to not more than a quarter of its original size. This allows much freezing of the surface soil, and many of the grass roots are undoubtedly destroyed, as the soil is alternately lifted by freezing and falls back again whenever the hold of the frost has relaxed. A mixture of clover and grass seed helps to cover the surface much better the first winter than grass can possibly do alone. The clover will in such case make a spreading head that will cover most of the surface."^ It, too, will show the pinching of winter's freezing, but as the clover leaves are browned and fall on the soil they cover the grass roots with just the kind of fertilizing mulch that is needed to make rapid growth when a*\vin<vfimn onmna Til a Will opi lug uuiw vvmvw. AMV v*w ? w. also start into growth quickly enough to check the weeds that are pretty sure to get the advantage when grass seed is sown alone in weedy soil. A Cheap Plant Stand. Auy boy can make this plant stand with a few laths and a few wire nails, and it need cost only a few cents. If the women folks make it themselves, they had better make it the length of a lath so that a saw need not be used, as sawing is one of the hardest things LATH FL0W2B 8TAXD. a woman can do, as wo know by experience. FPU!*. ? a a a if IaaIta X ilia CH2UU IS UUb OU 11 an ao IV iwwug, is the laths are quite strong when placed on edge. ilake the shelves first and then aaake the frame and wherever the aths cross drive a wire nail through md clinch it. Paint the stand green. ?Farm, Field and Fireeide. 9 ??? The Bacon IIo?. There can be no question that the bulk of our hogs are far too fat. That is the trouble why our pork in English markets sells far lower than English or Canadian stock. ? Furthermore, outside the English narket, here in the United States, here are many people who would unloubtedly bay more "hog meat" and ;njoy the same much better if it were >nly leaner. Too fat bacon is a nuismce, where a richly marbled article, >ne with a "streak of fat and a streak >f lean," is delicious. If this latter vei*e more generally to be found on he market, it would result in a large ncrease in the consumption of pork iroducts here at home. Now, how are we to go to work to jet a better product? We must change >oth feed and breed. Something de ? 1 r\ l 1 i )enus upon eacn. our uog? uuvo ueeu 1 ;elected for fine bone, short bodies, ound, symmetrical forms, and small egs. This is the type#of the fat-prolucing hog. For a lean hog or a bacon iroducer, something different is retired-. We need a longer, rangier >ody, rather larger and stronger legs, i nore of a hustler; one, in fact, that rould not be considered so finely bred ,3 some of the typical breeds of to-day. The Tamworth hog comes some- J rhere near being a good bacon hog; < mt by changing our ideals somewhat 1 re could in a short time so alter any < ?ne of our existing breeds as to ren- 1 ler it quite a respectable "bacon I anker." 1 Having secured a lively, energetic 1 ace of hogs, a breed for foraging, one hat is active, always on the move and 1 iver storing up lean meat muscle, we ? nnst feed the same on a variety of ' litrogenons foods, such as clover, j kirn milk, bran, i oats, and linseed neal. We want the foods that have a tenlency to mako Jean meat, and not fat. The almost exclusive feeding of corn 1 s to be held largely responsible for 3 he fat-loaded swine of the present. We must certainly feed differently if vo are tr> make any change or im- : irovement along these lines. ^ 1 _ V .; w -'-?*' h ^??* T-"' i m' . /i j: J ._J. nnnn li<a - -L UtJ V^aUdUiUU UOIKWUB uyuu ma pens and oats; both of which are highly . nitrogenous feeds; so what wonder that he makes a success of producing the bacon hog.. There is eertainly something to be said on the other side now. Our farmers have used corn because it is cheap and easy to raise. They could, no doubt, get more money for their swine if they would feed more variety, yet perhaps in some corn-. ' * C growing sections it will pay fully as . well to feed corn, raise the cheap hogs and sell at lower prices, for corn is awfully cheap stuff.?M. Sumner Per- jjj kins, in Farm, F?eld and Fireside. & Kettle Crane With Damping: Attachment. This iron framework for suspend- < j : v *1, ' IRON KITTLE CRAKE. ing a kettle used for boiling food for hogs and other stock npon the farm is most convenient. The iron kettle rests in(an!iron ring, which is piveted to < the side arms so that the kettle oan be ' readily tipped and its contents poured out into paile. These arms oould be omitted by bringing the end support nearer the kettle, and having the iron % ring pivoted to a cross-piece secured to these ends. This would be s more - ^ stable arrangement but would not give so free a space for bui^iing the > fire, although this would not cause material trouble. The principle involved will be fonnd very convenient, howerver the ring, which may be made from an old wagon tire, is supported.?New England Homestead. Beauty Is Utility. Does it pay to cultivate flowers, or- : namental trets and shrubs and stake Ay; the surrouD dings of ?a farm home at- ! A tractive? A farmer should plant only such trees and shrnbs as are usefuf. As for flowers, of what use are they? We often hear the useful and ornn- cltngB mental contrasted as if they were the antipodes of comparison. Anything that ministers to bur physical needs is useful. Anything that does not afford food or shelter may be beautify!, but if it is not essential to our existence it is of no particular use, eo we are told. What things are essential to our existence? We find ourselves subject .. to certain la^ws. We are hungry aad . ^ must eat, thirsty and must drink, oofd and must be warmed. We comply with these laws and we exist. But "it is not all of life to live." If it were, fj we would be no better than fye"beasts that perish." We have a higher na ? .i - j?AA?A: t*T_ v.A. '<?Bt mre mat ueuiauuu uviemiuu. no iutd < rw no more right to neglect or starve it than we have to abase oar bodies. ' $3 Potatoes and cabbages are excellent . things to have in the gardes, bat thetn. : ApBj are more snitable plants for the front yard. Let U3 plant trees for protection, shade and ornament. They* will serve also as homes for oar friends, '' v. the birds, who cheer as with their merry songs while they gnard our orchards and gardens from injurious insects. Trefs should I be carefully selected ^ and planted so that they will not entirely shut out the purifying, health- . giving sunshine. We occasionally , see a home fairly buried in trees, so that moisture oollects on the walls and a musty aimo- t sphere pervades the place. But the \s '.xxg owner who has planted and tendwiy~ " "v'''v>^ watched the growth of the trees can v jy! rarely be persuaded to remove even ' one. Oroups of trees are fine for shade. V.& But let them be removed a space from the house. . Pines may be planted" in i? -i a circle, the lower limbs trimmed away on the inside as the trees grow, mak- > V A ing a lovely summer house carpeted \ - .V"J and roofed with fragrant pine needles. jAm Here one may swing in a hammock and enjoy a book after the day's work is done; or the children may spread >//their lnnch and "play house." Ornamental shrubs may be planted * v j where a tree would be out of plaee. TH oawaaw an iinuirtltflv m'nv 1UCJT UJ a J OW OCA* Hi! uuw*^umj ?avn y bnt they should not be scattered promiscuously about the yard. A wellkept lawn is always beautiful, but one besprinkled with shrubs and flower* beds is not always. When laying out Sower-beds in the spring, we must consider our time and strength as well as our love for flowers. We are tempt**" ' T?^ ed to plant more in May than we can cultivate in July. Often a bed of out flowers in a corner of the kitchen garden will afford more real satisfaction <; 7; than elaborate designs. 1 Trees, shrubs and flowers, if well chosen and tastefully arranged, increase oar happiness by making borne * life more enjoyable, and are, there- J.o fore, in the highest sense useful.-? ?38j| Margaret Marlowe. Salt and Fresh Lake. A small lake?Selawik?near the seacoast, in Alaaka, has tides which J rise and fall in the lake, perhaps on account of an underground connection w ith the sea. At the bottom the water is salt, bnt on top thero is a layer of sweet water. I yjfl i 4 M *