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w. "' <T>:- * ' _ f fisas : the csismvwmsi p| N TDK heart of I a .. Tennesson vrho' are tryiug to prove that universal jns| Uce may be a business success. They started in on the text that "AH labor Is equal in value." and for three years bare faithfully lived up to it. By that standard a diligent president should be paid no more than a diligent hodI carrier, and the sculptor's chisel earns either more nor less than the barber's razor. An hour of good, hard work, whether of brain or muscle, is the unit <of value by which all achievement is measured. The practical .object of the com-! Eg inanity isto see if the world cannot do , without the system of hire, by which men are worked with no direct interest In the result. In Ruskin every (thins belongs 'o everybody: the profit j? of the community is the profit of each tan In It, and the honest endeavor of every member helps the other two hundred and thirty jj:st as mnch as it does himself. Each man owns the wealth * he helps to make, and gets the profit of his toil. The plan has been tested by three hard, struggling years, and Its founders no longer regard it as an experiment They hare built a city j without avarice, and in its future lies i the solution of the bitter difficulties that split the world iuto two angryfactions, known as labor and capital. . In Buskin the government is literally by the people and for the people. It educates the children, pensions the aged, provides for the sick and gives a home and a good living to ail. men and women alike, who are willing to work for the common good. The president gets the same recompense as the buteh er, and neither talent nor training can niter the value of an hour's labor. A journalist by the name of Wayland, who ran a labor paper in Greensborg, Ind, was the first starter of this new Utopia. After firing nil the socialists in the country with his articles r>E?n>E5T J. H. DCDSOX. a community property and the equality of labor, be called tor volunteers whs should build their own city and - , coatrot their own farms and factories. He looked at various tracts of land, mad tnalty seat an agent to inspect an mfcrfliin wilderness in Tennessee, k.. Tim advertised "farming land** was darned with huge trees and impene?. $ tsahie underbrush. The "town" was fy a dark, sunless ravine, without food or * V v water. The "populous neighborhood" was peopled by a few forlorn, indolent naif eta aad a number of fierce razorhacks In spite of this report, howSt; !$> ever. Way land purchased the property tpd boomed it magnificently in his paper. 8ooo the pioneers in the cause of aodaitam began to *et out for this new Eden, which they knew vaguely as "taUn. fifty miles west of NashTffle. Tbe first to arrive was E. B. Lonstmry. whose ardent socialism was considerably dampened wben be found w , himself In a mod cabin on a gloomy sMekUl. with a dense jungle on alli ?' aides and no water within half a mile. .* - He might hare gone back forever to capital and Inequality, but bis wife followed the next day, and a few days J later a socialistic shoemaker dawned en the borixon and helped dig a well. ^ A month later that dismal valley con g? tained a carpenter, a machinist, a bor: ber, n shoemaker, a batcher, a cooper, a farmer, a wire nail operative, a farmer. a blacksmith and a man in gent ^ end. who was put down as a laborer. Hot long after the founder of the community dropped in?and was wise ' eeoogb to leave without ostentation or ' farewells, after meeting their exasperated questions with a mild suggestion ? that the best thing to do wai to pat up K. manufactories and make themselves Into a big city as quickly as possible. The community, left to itself, decided that its one chance of a future lay la the erecting of a printing establishment. so baker, barber, wire nail ot-erafter and all joined the one carpenter and pot np the building. That, a iittle ; clearing and a few cottages, was all L j that was accomplished that summer. : and the winter brought hunger and cold and otter desolation. '? Lonsbnry and eighteen others ineor-; porated the colony under the law gov- j enting the formation of mining and manufacturing companies, laid out ave- j " noes, cut down trees and were very j I CoM. hungry and uncomfortable. After] W Gppyyyr '"* . - r, ' v "a jKQCk!: t R1LA&S& | a year of stiuggle they decided to move to a more passable location. After some exploring a beautiful, fertile valley was found. Five hundred acres of magnificent soil are now devoted to orchard and vineyard, corn, wheat and oats and to the homes of the colonists. One thousand acres of beautiful for est land represents the stock farm. A three-story building contains the cooperative dining-room and the theater, and in the library there are more than 1.000 books, chiefly on socialism and economics. The whole place radiates cheerfulness and energy. It would be hard to flr.d in the working classes of any country sixty other families who are as well oil as these, who fare so well, have as many comforts and can give as much time to reading and music. There is a newspaper, whose week ly circulation comes to more than 30,000. and so brings up the salary of the Iiuskiu Postmaster to a figure unusual ONE OF THE HOCSES. in so small a town. There Is a mortgage of S-kOUO on the farm, but 505 acres of fertile land can easily take care of that Vhe actual worth of the laud improvements of Rcskin is estimated at JOO.OOO. If there were any doubt as to the socialistic sincerity of the Ruskinites. one remarkable fact in their history would remove it torever. The seventy-eight stockholders paid $500 apiece for their shares, which have now risen to a value of The question of a dividend was brought up, but was voted down by the stockholders themselves, who preferred to devote the surplus to the I general good. since tbeir object was not personal wealth. When any one wants to join the Kuskin community I he must pass a written examination on j his principles. He must be able to do any useful labor assigned to him. he I must believe in uniform compensation. ! he must be able to coherently define socialism. communism and competition. A ballot is taken on bis answers. If it ' bis favor he jays down and takes possession of his cottage as a regular member of the colony. He is guaran| teed work for every well day and pay for every sick one. He has neither j taxes nor rent to pay. nor doctor's bills, I | nor school bills, nor washiDg. His cliil- j dren are given schooling, music, lan-, guages and industrial training for: nothing. He Is entitled to draw checks j for fifty hours' work each week. If he does more It is not paid for. and so is a j gratuitons present to the community. I There is no taskmaster to watch him. but he is Dot expecte-1 to shirk. Three | who attempted it were promptly sns-: ponded from the community. If he has a wife, she is also entitled , to earn fifty hour-checks a week, for j she is paid Tor working in nor Dome. | The children get their living in return i for going to school and are allowed to earn twenty honrs' wortn of labor checks a week out cf school hours. The coin of the r?alm is in the form of paper checks, xrhich represent so many hours of la* or. The schoolmaster. after teachin; all the moming, receives a paper check which certifies that he has dore three boars* labor for the community and is entitled to an exact equivabat. When outsiders come to the store as many of the neighbors do, they par for their purchases in cash, as the., would anywhere, but there is a separate price list for the > Ruskinitc, reading somewhat as fol-; lows: One ponnd of tea 11 hours . Three .sticks of candy hour j One cut of tobacco 2 hours ; One pair of trousers 27 hours I One lemon hoar j One pair woman's shoes, best. .521.^ hours ' One pound crackers 2^ hours One pound of coffee 7 hours One gnl.'on coal oil (P-j hours One straw hat 15 hours One pair best shoes 70 honrs One quart peanuts 1 hour One yard gingham 2 hours One gallon gasoline 6 hours The first two years of the community's existence were all struggle anil j suffering end discouragement, and it j needed the courage and heroism of the j Pilgrim Fathers to keep the little band together. Socialism lived In a Tennessee wilderness is a very different thing from socialism read in a book or spoken from a platform, and many a time the members would have gladly gone back to theory and left the practice alone. 1 Some dropped out, disheartened, but of the thirty-five original members twenty j still remain. The community can now i show seventy-four heads of families, J and numbers 214 members in alL Mil-! sic receives as much attention as art j and arithmetic and scroll-sawing in the j schools, and the depanment earns Its' principal's labor checks for eighty hours a we< k. It already possesses five pianos, sevcu organs, nine violins, five guitars, one bass viol, one banjo, three cornets, two flutes, one fife, one piccolo and one tuba. The people of Ruskiu arc all from the laboring classes and many of them have little education, but the greatest interest is taken ia that of the children. For the smaller ones there it a kindergarten " i T . =T; < hold out of doors in a beautiful grove of beeeli trees. In addition to the reg- | u!nr school there Is a class in tine arts, j where drawing, painting, sculpture and { pptterymaking are studied under Pro- ' fessor Isaac Broome, a well-known ; sculptor, who was one of New York's j commissioners to the Paris Exposition. \ Professor Broome has long been a theoretical socialist, and has played a ] prominent part in the community. ; though he comes from a much higher i walk of life than most of the members. He takes a leading part in the symposiums. as the weekly meetings for socialistic discussion are called. The chief claim of the Iluskinites is that as common people they have skill fully managed a great social and business undertaking, and so far have made no serious mistakes. In one year they have increased the value of their i holding by $32,055. and contentment and harmony pervade all they do. If ] they could accomplish so much surely i able, trained organizers could do much more, and from that they argue that in time the State, the country, the whole world would be run on a communistic basis. No personal capital, labor the standard of value; from these they de- , duce a world without covetousness, j which is almost a world without sin. DANCING HAS DEGENERATED. This Dcc'arat on Is Made by the ! Countess of Ancaster. The Countess or Aneaster. who has created a great stir in the fashionable world of London by her declaration that dancing has degenerated into a graceless romp, is the wife of Lord Willoughby d* Eresby. the baron of Avsland. The.countess' daughter. Evelyn Clementina, is married to Maj.-Gen. Sir Ilenry Ewart, the queen's equerry. This fact and the very high social position of the conntess herself give more than ordinary importance to her opinions upon matters concerning society, and dancing Is certainly one of these. Countess Ancaster's husband's family Is one of the most ancient in the Norman r.obility of England. He is the twenty-second Lord Willoughby. The first was Walter do Bee. upon whom ^CSTES9'^r' A ST Em William the Conqueror settled the barony. Lady Willoughby herself Is the second daughter of the late Marquis of Huntly, the tenth of that title. i The New Wizard. Young Guglielmo Marconi, the Italian electrician, has been attracting attention in the scientific world for several years. Although only 23 years old. it is said that be has accomplished something that Tesla and Edison eiper imented for without any great success. Marconi claims to be the inventor of the wireless telegraph. While the idea of "wireless telegraphy" is not new, it was deemed by many to be almost impossible to bring it to snch perfection that it might be | made of practical atttity. The Italian says that the distance to which he has transmitted messages, twelve miles, is GrGZ.IEI.MO MABCOXI. on!v limited bv the imDcrfection of his present appliances. Nicola Tesla declines to comment nt length of Marconi's inventions, on the ground that he himself has devoted a number of years to the study of the great problem of transmitting dispatches without wires. Electric Liicht on Battlefields. Special attention is being given by ' the French military authorities to the questions of succoring the wounded on battlefields when night comes on af- | ter a great battle. Experiments have been made with powerful electric arc lights, but the apparatus has conditions. At length it has been practically determined that the ambulance corps men shall wear little incandescent glow-lamps In their hats, just like . ladies of the ballet in a spectacular ex- < travaganra. Each man is to carry a j little primary battery In his pocket for 1 the production of the current. The i wounded in need o? succor will look 1 ont for the little moving lights, and if ] possible drag themselves toward them. ?Paris letter. A Magnetic Hill. \ the Island of Canna (situated northwest of the Island of Rural there . is a hill so magnetic as to affect the ' compasses of vessels passing near. . Every womaa in telling of her sick- } ness says she "suffered everything." j * i . - -V V v T 1^ V 5 The Cos \ is Ch; 4 > and it's a cure that's r 4 better idea about coiu < instead of fitting the ? ^ that makes \ - i THE B 4 4 in the land. It is a sui ^ Bronchitis, Croup, Wi Grippe; and it so str * many cases of disease 4 have been absolutely ^ now be had in hall-siz :: At b 4 > ^ " We tried almost ev< Pectoral and the relief 1 4 s. ? When I had almost % most excellent results fi ^ "There were sixteen i * have never, since 1 can ^ bad a case of cold or a < > " My wife was sick in 4 of them said that she h; I bought one bottle of . ^ dozen bottles. Before strong and well." r 4 ^ " For more than a ye: great soreness of the ch ^ ment with Ayer's Cherr + as the other remedies si :: r 'TTTTTTTV It AAA A A A A ^ . A TURKISH COUNTRESS Once an American Girl, ?he X Now the Wife of a Paaha. The Countess Djemll, the beautiful wife of Gen. Hassan Djemll Pasha, i one of the most distinguished of the i Turkish commanders that took part in i the recent triumphant campaign i against the Greeks, is an American I woman, and a few years ago was a so- 1 eiety belle of San Francisco. She was i formerly Miss Eva Taaffee, a grand- i daughter of the late W. T. Taaffee, i who was prominent In busiucss circles j In early days. Miss Taaffee went to | Paris five years ago. entered the con- ( seravtory there, and attained quite a ] reputation as a singer. Gen. Hassan \ Pasha is a Belgian l>y birth and enter- , ed the military service of the Sultan twenty years ago. He adopted the j Mohammedan faith with the privilege J I 11 COUXTRESS DJEMIL. 1 3f taking but one wife. The Count , Mid Countess DJemil reside In one of { the handsomest mansions In Con- , stantinople, presented to the Count by the Sultan as a token of regard for his military services. I It is understood that tho President 1 has decided to make practically no more 1 ippointments until the assembling of 1 Congress. < A negro colony has been formed near < Decatur, Ala. t Director Preston, of the Mint Bureau, is beginning to feel that he is out of the (roods in the matter of metting the de mand for subsidiary silver coins. i I i vi: , A,i ***??* <'y s- --'y itlicst Com ange of Cli lot often possible and not alv rhs and cures: Why not fit th climate to the lungs? It is t ry Pet EST COUGH re cure for colds and coughs; : hnrminor CVnicrh if nr^vents 1 '? O Q?7 - I engthcns the lungs and heal: marked by all the signs of Ir cured by its use. Dr. Avers :e bottles lalf Price, 50 srv'hing for asthma without success At la nas immediate." S. A. El despaired of ever finding a cure for chronic torn Aver\ Chenv PectorrJ. I can testify as "R. G. l'ROCTOR, M." D. children in my father's fainily end there 2re ? rememSer, been without Ayer's Cherry Pec cough that this remedr did not cure." Hon. WM. E. M bed fcr ten months and was attended by six 2d consumption, and some of them said she < \ver's Cherry Pectoral. It seemed to help I .hese were all used, she was completely J. W. EWING, lr my wife sntlered with lung trouble. She est. and experienced difficulty in breathing, y Pectoral effected a complete cure. We reg k had triad had failed to even give relief." C. H. BUKftlS, AYATATAVAYATAVATr BROTHER OF THE NOVELIST. W. H. D. Haggard the Near Brltiah Minister to Caracas. W. H. D. Haggard, the new British minister resident at Caracas in Venezuela, is a brother of the famous novelist, Rider Haggard. He Is the first diplomatic agent to be sent to the South American country In many years. The relations of the two nations have not been such as to permit the presence of a British minister in Caracas. Now that these relations have made way for a more cordial feeling the intercourse has been resumed. Mr. Haggard is one Df the oldest men in the service. He has been In the consular department Tor foil thirty years and has filled many minor offices. Since 1S94 \?j has been ? W. H. D. HAGGARD. Sritish consul general at Tunis. His nissioD to Caracas is in the way of pronotion. Mr. Haggard will be succeeded it Tunis by Sir Henry Johnston. The following sign on a farmhouse lot far from a certain Massachusetts :owu is possibly responsible for the racant rooms and the complaints of :he owner. "Boarders taken In." George Washington, in his best estate, .*ould not have been more truthful iian tb* author of the sign. in a uuck A duck shot by Edward Jackson, of Ltchison. bad a nine-pound tUb in its sop ha gas. , IsT- . ^ ; "V ; .. >AT. V T T T T n 1 A Jk /t> ' i ^hCurc hi mate, i 1 1 ; I . avs sure. There's a 4 ** ' ^ii e lungs to the climate . * ;/'C he power to do this h < Jm :toral | niRF :: I rj i i specific for Asthma, ^ ^neumonia, cures La 4 5 the torn tissues that i icipient Consumption ^ Cherry Pectoral can ' cts. I st we used your Cheny ^ .US, Keene, X. H. 4 : bronchitis, I derived 4 to its efficacy." > , Oakland City, Ind. 4 ~;#t( icven in my own. We ^ -/lirS tora!, and have never 4 A SOX, Chicago, I1L 4 '^j different doctors. Ail ^ ? :ould not live a month. iter, so I secured one ^ i.y cured end to-day is ^ >' Camdcr. Point, Mo. ^ : had a severe cough, ^ A three months' treat- d 4 ;arded it as rcnarkable, Marine Mills, Minn. ^ Ji -.'Jl GLADSTONE'S GRANDSON. Fonth Will Inherit an Estate Both Valuable and Historic. This Is a late portrait of Mr. Gladitone and bis grandson. Master W. /* r.iadstonc, the heir of Hawarden. It Is all the more interesting because Mas- grfigl . ter Gladstone's portrait baa never be- 'v . Tore been published, xonng Gladstone />? is the son of the late W. E. Gladstone, A . .ttfaJM GLADSTONE A> D HIS HCIR. . and supplants his father as the heir of the estate of the former premier. Vhe photograph of the lad and his_ grandsire Is excellent, and gave extreme satisfaction to the family. The likeness of the boy is fachlesa. He , ' Is seen standing at the side of the statesman, whose right band affectionately holds the left ha-a of bis grandson and heir. The photograph was taken beneath the wall c Ha warden Cas-* vtie. W. H. Gladstone, the father of Master Gladstone, was the eldest son of the statesman, and died in the mid-' die of a career that had given great promise. Like bis eminent father, he was a good politician, and sat La Par- . "; iiament for some time as a representative of East Worcestershire. His - 1.^3 j"oung son is a noble child, and inherits much of the brain and brilliance of "the grand old man." And now in London they are fighting the long bat-pin. The editors don't ij 6cem to be "stack on It" ^ ' -