University of South Carolina Libraries
Agricultural Department. ENRICHMENT OK SOIL. Roporl Read Hefoietlie Darlinifton Ag ricultural Society, August 12, 1S7D, by A. W. Uosm. [OOK<M.UUei> FROM LAST WKKK ] Aiiother prominent cause of the ilisappeai - ance of humus is too mucli rest. Land should not lie out more than one year, when it should be thoroughly stirred with the turn-plow, repeatedly, by the cultiva tion of some crop-plant. One year’s rest doubles the amount of soluble phosphoric acid, while the insoluble silicate of putash is changed into the soluble nitrate and car bonate of potash ; ami one year i* sufficient to change vegetable matter into its proxi mate principles of carbonic acid and amonia. thereby setting free its mineral substances, while two or more years of idleness may change the soluble phosphoric acid and pot ash into insoluble neutral salts and resolve the carbonic acid and amonia into its ulti mate elements, viz: carbon, hydrogen, oxy gen and nitrogen, while all that might have been gained by absorption is lost, from the fact that the land has not been pulverized by the plow. Now, science has established the fact beyond peradventure. that while plants flourish in the proximate principles of hu mus, they sicken and die surrounded with its ultimate elements* and that phosphoric acid and potash may abound in the soil in the form of neutral salts and at the same time be worthless, as these neutral salts are insoluble in water. Still another cause of the disappearance of humus, and also phosphoric acid and pot ash, is the injudicious use of nitrogenous fertilizers, such as Peruvian and Ouanape guanos. As too much whiskey causes a man to live twice as fast as he should, in like manner have these fertilizers stimulated our lands, already poor in mineral salts and humus, to the point of expansion--the nat ural result of a production not commen surate with their producing capacity. It is a well established physiological fact that a drink of whiskey on an euipty stomach is most pernicious, as, in the absence of food, it attacks the lining coats of the stomach and intestines, while the stimulant is carried more rapidly by the blood to every part of the system, thereby producing sudden intox ication. Then, gentlemen, be sure that you give your poor starving lauds breakfast, dinner ami supper before you apply the stimulants, or you will produce vegetable drunkenness in the form of early decay, shedding, tiring or rust. The concentrated nitrogen fertilizer, with the aid of waterand carbonic acid, have dissolved larger quanti ties of the mineral salts and hence a larger plant with more fruit, is developed and as wo cannot make something of nothing, the vegetable maUer and the scarcer inorganic elements, such as phosphoric acid and pot ash, are extracted from the soil to the point of exhaustion. We venture the assertion that no man will attempt to refute the pateut fact that the larger portion of our cleared lands have done nothing but rest since emancipation, and yet how do they stand in regard to pro ductiveness ? How will they compare to ante bdlum days? No one will deny the fact also, that thousand acre farms were run be fore the war, with tolerable success, where not more than one acre in a hundred was manured ; but the cutter and bull-tongue plow ran late and early and the land had nearest. In support of this, we cite the plantation of the late Jackqueline Gee, a man known to most of us; and a man who always had coru to sell, with an abundance of ready cash in the hands of his factor in Charleston. Nor was he by any means miserly, but spent his money liberally, He worked a large, poor plantation, that had been tilled for generations, and made proba bly enough manure for the garden, potato- patch and a pet piece of cotton. He annual ly planted hundreds of acres of poor land in corn that trsseled in June and July at the astonishing height of three and four feet ; but these identical little stalks received five and six workings with the turn plow, and bore from one to two ears of corn with their ends almost resting on the ground. Many other plantations might be mentioned but we consider this sufficient for our purpose. We are of opinion, Mr. President and Gentlemen, that the institution ofslavery, es pecially in the older States, wouM have bro ken down, had not the fertility of the soil been kept up the diligent and constant use of the plow. 3rd. How may vegetable matter, phos phoric acid and potash be restored to our soil ? By a diligent and continuous use of the turn plow and subsoil, both in the pre paration for and cultivation of our crops, and in turning under green matter and stub ble. By a judicious rotation of crops; by hauling surface and pine straw when it will pay ; by making and saving all the manure that we possibly can from man, beast and fowl, and by purchasing the fertilizers best adapted to our respective soils. In our eagerness to bring prominently for ward what we conceive to be the first most important and cheapest way of increasing our vegetable matter, viz : By pulverization with the plow we are liable to be misunder stood ; and hence we repeat, that we endorse every conceivable way of making manure, provided it does not cost more than it is worth. But, we say, that the circumstances must be extremely favorable, where a farmer could better afford to haul pine straw, on even a stiff red clay soil, than to accomplish the same end by turning under weeds or peaviues. Two hands and a mule can culti vate twenty-five acres of land, and one of these hands and the mule can manure the same number of acres broadcast iu about twenty days by turning under weeds or pea- vines, while the other hand can engage in other work. How long will it take the same mule and both hands to broadcast twenty- five acres with pine straw? We suppose about six months. Again. Pine slraw con tains no potash, or only a trace and no nitro gen at all; while the peavine is both a nitro genous and potash plant. Pine straw is a pretty good absorbent and should be used only on horpe and cow lots, and always in connection with mud or rich surface soil, as the straw alone allows the urine and juices of animal manu-es to leak through into the earth beneath, and the ammonia to pass into the air above ; while this is prevented by the presence of good soil or mud. This is obvious when we consider that pine straw only unites mcohanicaily with these juices by the absorption of cappillary attraction, while the mineral constituents of the sur face-soil or mud unite with them chemically and hence do not part with them readily. Leibig says that clay parts with ammonia only at a white heat, (water with lime or sugar). In horse and cow lots, pine straw performs anot her important mechanical office by rendering the mass porous, thereby ad mitting the air, which, we all know, is nec- cssary for the process of decomposition. It is impossible to attach too much impor tance to the peavine as a manurial agent Being a potash plant it sends a long tap root into the substrata of the earth and procures a considerable amount of potash, which is distributed on and near the surface, if it is turned under with the plow. Being a hear ty feeder, itspreads forth an immense sur face area of broad leaves and porous vines which absorb ammonia and carbonic acid from the atmosphere above. The tendency of potash is to sink down into the earth from the leaching effects of heavy rains ; and the tendency of ammonia is to rise up, its vol atility being acted upon by the rays of the sun. Hence the peavine reaches above and below for materials with which to maintain the equilibrium of fertility. Another important item that should be remembered by all who desire the improve ment of the soil ia.this: We cannot make nomethiny out of nothing. Every cow, hog or sheep slaughtered or sold, is so much min eral matter taken indirectly from the soil. Every bushel of corn, wheat, rye, oats, po tatoes, rice, peas; every ba.e of cotton, every pound of fodder, shucks, straw anil hay con tains a certain amount of mineral matter taken directly from the soil. Now we know that the organic elements of the soil, enter invariably iu deffinite pro portionate quantities, by weight, into the formation of every plant. Hence if any one of these elements be lacking, the plant can not be produced ; or if any one of these ele ments be scarce, the plant will be small and unproductive in proportion to the scarcity of this element, no matter how abundant may be the amount of all the other elcmehfs in the soil. For instance : A rich soil will will not produce wheat if potash be lacking. Hence we see the importance of keeping the^ soil supplied with all the elements of fertili ty. Most of them, as we have already re marked, are permanent and inexhaustible, but we should be sure, especially in the long leaf pine lands, that lime, potash phosphoric acid and vegetable matter be supplied. We do not burn a pine tree to procure ashes for the manufacture of soap or gunpowder, but auoak tree; hence the predominant growth of this country certainly indicates a scarcity of potash. To sum up, Mr. President and Gentlemen we are of the opinion that the best and only way to improve our soil is, to keep the turn plow and subsoil constantly running, for the double purpose of pulverizing the soil and turning under vegetable matter ; to avoid resting our lands more than one year; to pursue a system of rotation of crops suitable to our lands; to make all the stable and lot manure possible ; to haul surface and mud; if it be rich and the distance short ; and to buy fertilizers containing lime, potash and phosphoric acid, with more or less ammo nia according to the abundance or scarcity of nitrogen in our soils. Most respectfully submitted, A, W. Ross, Chairman. Rust iu Cotton. [From the Orangeburg Democrat] The subject of rust iu cotton will only be interesting to those in the county living be low the clay belt. We all know clay lands do not rust cotton, but continue to mature fruit until frost. Why they do this will be apparent as we proceed. What is rust in I cotton ? Some will tell you it is a want of | vegetable matter in the soil ; others that it is caused by an excess of moisture; others again that cool nights produce it, and I have heard some old fanner say, it always starts from poke weed growing near the cottoi • Now all these different opinions prove con clusively that this scourge of our cotton fields has been having its own way, not be cause there is uo remedy for it, but because the disease, if I am allowed the term in this connection, is so liule understood. It can not be for want vegetable matter in the soil, for we frequently see cotton rusting in soils abundantly supplied with vegetable matter. I’ll admit it does correct it to a limited ex tent. I have seen cotton almost entirely de stroyed by rust in bottoms, where there was an abundance of vegetable humus washed in from surrounding hills. Neither can moist ure be the prevailing cause, or the clay lands would also suffer by rust in wet sea sons ; and the same reason may be assigned why cool nights do not cause it. The poke weed does not grow everywhere, and par ticularly about these rusty cottcn patches. The blame cannot be laid at its door. Then if none of these opinions advanced are the cause of rust, what.is it that causes cotton to rust on nearly all the lauds below the cot ton or clay belt ? My answer is the want of sufficient potash in the soil. And now for the proof. Why does rust start and spread from a poke weed grow ing near cotton ? Not solely because it takes the disease from the poke, but because the poke has exhausted all the available potash iu the soil near it, and the cotton near, being the first to feel the want of potash, show symptoms of rust. The analysis of poke and Irish potato vines show that they contain more potash than any other vegetable product. We are also taught that clay soils abound in potash, the absence of rust in cotton on them, and in consequence their superior adaptability to cotton. In 1873 l applied fifty bushels un- leached ashes to an acre of land that had been rusting cotton badly. The cotton remained green until frost, and matured fruit to the top, when the adjoining cotton failed to mature any top crop, and some of it dying with rust the first of Sep tember. That str : p of land has not rusted cotton since. The potash in the ashes was what the soil needed to keep the cotton from rusting. The following year one of my hands put a sack of Kainit or German pot ash salt on one acre through the middle of a seven acre patch of cotton. The lan<’ had been in cultivation for years, light, sandy oak land and rusted cotton badly. In the fall it was a pleasure to show this acre strip to my friends, (I think you, Mr. Editor, saw it.) while the cottoa on both sides of it was demuded of leaves and all the top bolls dead before half grown. This acre remained green until frost and matured its fruit to the top. This last experiment itself was evi dence conclusive to my mind that-potash was the remedy for rust in cotton. I have since noticed the same results in similar experi ments. I believe on land* thoroughly drain ed, (and no other kind should be planted in cotton,) and not entirely destitute of vege table matter ; potash in every instance will correct the tendency to rust in cotton. By reMt and rotation the tendency to rust can be corrected in a great measure but when the lands arc corrected every year, and clay is not near the surface, potash must be sup plied either in unlimited amounts of trash and litter from the woods, stable manure, ashes, or some of the commercial prepara tions of potash. J. W. 8. Middle St. Matthews. Southdown Sheep, We have a letter fro .ia well-known farm er of Winona county, asking if the South- down sheep are kept on the Iowa College farm, and tor our opinion as to their prov ing a profitable breed for keeping in large or small Hocks on our prairie farms. On the college farm are kept small flocks of American Merinos, Cotswolds and South- downs. With similar care the Southdowns have taken the lead in uniform and perfect health, rapidity of increase, and pecuniary profit. So far as our observation has extend ed this has been the general experience in handling small flocks of this breed in all parts of the State, We do not know of a large flock in the State. With first-clash care it may be possible that in flocks numbering three or four hundred the Merinos may prove most profitable, But the keeping of a very large flock.on one farm is at least, ques tionable on the score of profit or satisfaction. A system of mixed farming with a small flo*k of sheep on each place would soon do more in the way of creating home independ ance than any number of homilies on politi cal economy or finance. The busy hum of woolen machinery would soon be heard on interior prairies, and our pocketbooks would be less depleted by the purchase of shoddy goods. A little careful thought will enable any one to perceive that the Spanish proverb, “Wherever the foot of sheep touches, the land is turned into gold,’ is far from being a myth. Some of the methods of conversion are by no means mysterious or difficult to comprehend ; the conversion of cheap corn and provender into form for transportation ; the bountiful supplies of soft flannels and cloths for beds and clothing, at little felt cost; the enriching and sweetening of the soil on which they feed ; the destruction of noxious weeds, bushes and brambles; the cheap and convenient supply of healthful and nu'ritious meat to take the place of the salt junk—all these are tangible conversions not only into gold, but into solid home com forts. Many will admit the durability of small flocks on our farms, but will urge the want of suitable fences. The Southdown sheep is the easiest of all animals to restrain and keep within the desired bounds. The wire, rail fence, board fence or hedge, that prarie steers would totally disregard, will duly be respected by them, if well fed. The sheep mania, a few years since, with its Hocks, gave rise to common impression that the sterile hills of New England were more valuable—acre for acre—than our fer tile prairies for profitable sheep breeding. Conditions as to size ot flock, shelter, &c. being the same, we now know this belief not to be well founded, even with the Merinos. The Southdowns find on our rich praines even more perfect conditions for maintaining health ami high condition than on their na tive heaths and turnip fields. We only reed combined systematic effort on the part of our people in order, in the very near fu ture. to introduce the flock into every rural picture upon our prairies, just as we see it introduced iu England and New England home pictures, both realond upon canvas. To fully realize the present impcrtance of this subject let us ask : Where would old or New Enfiland stand to-day on the score of thrift and prosperity, if as nearly destitute as we are of the animals witli the golden hoof. — College Quarterly, J, lift HllJfOllD. DEALER is GENERAL MERCHANDISE, TiiiiinonHYiUc. . 1'. 0 Business newly opened at coiner UAILUOAI) AND WAR 11DX STREETS, i isr stock: A FUICSII AND ATTRACTIVE VARIETY — (IF— Spring and Summer Goods, Embracing every line usual to the {Southern trade. SIPEOIATiITIES. Low Prices, Fair and liberal dealing, Courteous attention to customcia, Strict impartiality. V isit me before deciding upon your purchases for the season. It will cost noth ing while 1 assure you it shall be made to your advantage. Respectfully, J. IRA H.ALLFORD. REAL ESTATE AGENCY OF mm & woods. FOR SALE : O NE LOT in the Town of Timmonsville, with Store and Comfortable Dwelling thereon. Price, $1,000; one-third cash, balance in one and two years. N EVERAL LOTS in the Town of Flor ence—containing four acres each— near R. R. Machine Shops. Price, $100 to $1.50 each ACRES LAND li miles from the Town of Florence, lL ,r > acres cleared, ballance well timbered. Price, $10 per acre. yM ^6 ACRES LAND 3 miles cast of Timmonsville, 150 acres cleared ballance well timbered, formerly properly of the Estate of John Morris. Terms one- third cash, balance in two, three and four years. Price. $5.00 per acre. N. S. GIBSON. JOHN WOODS Timmonsville Business Cards J 1RA HALLFORD, DEALER IN GKN- • eial Merchandise, North R. R. Street. J ULES KAHN, DEALER IN GENERAL Merchandise, Liquors and Farmers' Supplies. Brick Store. R b. garner, dealer IN GKNKK- • AL Merchandise, Family Supplies, Liquors, Segars, Ac. J OHN McSWEEN, DEALER IN GEN ERAL Merchandise and Agent for all the Prominent Fertilizers. T heodore kuker, dealer i .\ gkn- eral Merchandise, Liquors, Wines, Cig- s, Ac. S. W Cor. Warren and R. R. Sts. n R J OrBYRD, BRUGGIST AND Practicing Physician. Calls attened at all hours. Office South R. R. Street. W H. DkBERRY, DEALER IN FINE # Liquors, Wines, Solars and To bacco. Also keeps a general supply of Family Groceries. R. J. E. BYRD, DEALER IN MEDI cines, Paints, Oils, varnishes, brushes school books, and garden seeds Pays cash for cotton and country produce. R obert peel, dealer in gener al Merchandise, Liquors, Ac. Also proprietor of the Peel House, situated near the R. R. Depot and open at all hours for the reception of travelers. ^JMITII WINO.VW ;* UJNN, NKW STOCK of all kinds of goods usually kept in a First-class General Merchandise Business. Calls silicited and satisfaction guaranteed. 8, E. corner Railroad and War ren {Streets. ISTEXX?" SdiETDTJLE FOR C. & D. RAILROAD, Commencing Monday, June DUh, 187D DOWN TRAIN. Leave Cheraw 0 30 a. m. Cash’s Society Hill - 10 30 Dove’s 11 15 Floyd’s, Darlington 12 00 M. Palmetto 12 25 P. M. Arrive at Florence 12 45 P. M. ui» TRAIN. Leave Florence 3 50 P. M. Palmetto 4 10 Darlington 4 35 Dove’s 5 20 Society Hill 0 00 Cash’s Arrive at Qheraw 7 00 B. D. TOWNSEND, President. Close connections made at Florence with trains to and from Charleston, Columbia and Wlmington. i\ ORTHEASTERN RAILROAD CO. Grnkral Tickiu Agent’s Office Charleston, S. C., Dec. 7, 1877. On and after Sunday, Dec. 8th, 1878, the Mail and Passenger Trains of this Road will be run as folkrivs: Leave Charleston...! 1.15 A M and 9.56 P M. Arrive at Florence.. .4.00 P M and 2.10 AM. Leave Florence 1.00 P M ami 1.35 PJV* Arrive at Charleston..5.45 P M ami 0.45 A M. Train leaving Ch irleston at 9.55 P. M. will slop only at Monk’s Corner, St. Ste phen’s, King Stree and Scranton. Train leaving Florence at 2.42 A. M. will stop on ly at Scranton, Kingstree am' Bonneau’s. Train leaving at IT.fA A. M. cdunects with Cheraw and Darlington Railroad, and at Cheraw with stages fo* Wadesboro’, N.C. P. L. CLEAPOR, General Ticket Ague WILSINGTON, COLIMBIA ASD AIGCSTA KAIL ROAD Office General Svperintendknt, ) Wilmington. N.C June 15, 1879. j The following Schedule will be operated on and after this date: DAY EXPRESS AND MAIL TRAIN (Daily) Leave Wilmington 9.05 A. M. Arrived Florence 1.25 P. V. Leave Florence 3.60 P. M. Arrive at Wilmington 8.20 P. M NIGHT EXPRESS TRAIN (Daily.) going west. Leave Wilmington 10.13 P. M. Leave Florence 2.60 A. M Arrive at Columbia 9.00 A. Leave Columbia 0.00 P. M. Leave Florence 2.55 A. M Arrive at Wilmington 6.50 A. M. This train will stop only at Flemingtou, Whiteville, Fair Bluff, and Marion. Passengers for Columbia, and all points on G C R R and in Western North Carolina, via Columbia and Spartanburg, should take Night Express Train from Wilmington. Passengers for Augusta should take Night Express Train, which connects closely via Florence and Charleston Junction. Through sleeping Cars on night trains for Charleston, Savannah, Augusta (via Charleston Junctiou(, and for Columbia. A. POPE, G. T . A. JOHN F. DIVINE, Gen'l Supt. VV, H, DeBerry, Agent, Timmonsville, S. C, HAS FOR SALE BEANS, HOSTETTERS RIT SUGARS, TERS, COFFEE. WRITING INK, MULLETS, GUN POWDER, MACKEREL, WOOD KEGS, COD FISH, ‘FAlllETS, RICE, CIGARS, CRACKERS. CLOVES, EGG BISCUIT, VINEGAR, TEA, BLACK PEPPER, CANDY, CHESTNUTS, LEMONS, MINCE MEAT, PICKF.LS, IRISH POTATOES, SA RDINES, BOSTON BAKED LOBSTERS, BEANS, OYSTERS, STARCH, SALT, TOMATOES, ONIONS, PEACHES, SOAPS, SALMON, FIGS, BREAD PREPAKA LYE, TION, SODA, HERRINGS, APPLES, GINGER, PIGS FEET, PEA NUTS, FRENCH MUSTARD SPICE, ALMONS, TOBACCO, WALNUTS, BLACKING, candles, BUCKETS, GINGEKSNAPPS, ORANGES, MATCHES, CIDER APPLE RUTTER, RAISINS, JELLIES, PI"ES. PEARL HOMINY. NUTMEGS, SAUSAGE, CAPS, LARD, COCOA NUTS, RUTTER, SNUFF, MOLASSES, CABBAGE. RUK-WIIEAT, YE VST POWDER. FLOUR, CHEESE, CANVASF.I) HAMS, PECAN NUTS, WHITE BACON, SHOT, SMOKED BACON. October JOth. ]K77. Ilrick More to Kent. REST STAND [N THE OOI'NTV Fire ami lltirglur jirnof. Further in- fornmlion given bv ».Mre«»inp;, f II. Df.LORME, Doves Depot, S, 0. MERCHANTS’ NEW FLOUR, MEAL AND GRIST MILLS. STOVES! STOVES! STOVES! On hand and arriving by every steamer the largest and best SELECTED STOCK of FIRST-CLASS BEST IMPROVED MILLS AND BKST SITUATKD MILLS IN TUK COUNTY. STOVES AND RANGES Soui/tlx ol BctXtim.ore, Which will be sold at prices that Al. WAVS WIELINO, ALWAYS READY TO I’LKASK PATRONS AND CUSTOMERS. T he undersigned calls special attention of the Farmers, Grain Grow ers, Merchants, Mechanics and Residents of this and adjoining counties generally to the fact that GARNER S NEW AND IMPROVED FLOUR MEAL AND GRIST MILL, on old site, one ana a half miles from Tim monsville, 8. C., is now complete in all re spect sand ready for legitimate work in its sev eral branches. The Flour Mill wil be readyl for wheat in ten days from date, at which time parties having wheat ready may com mence to haul, and return loaded with SPLENDID HOME-MADE FLOUR. With latest improvement, and entirely new machinery—new Mill-rocks, Bolting Cloths and Smut Machines—he flatters himself that he can compete with any mills in the South ; therefore requests the citizens of this county to give him a trial. My mill ac comodation is large, with plenty of help at hand, courteous, polite and attentive miller and assistants always ready and willing to assist the patrons of the mill. So all may rely on being promptly and properly attend ed to at all times. Give me a trial and be convinced where you may save wheat and corn by having it ground at this new and im proved mill, R. B. GARNER. BRING IN ANOTHER HORSE! HERE’S YOUR MULE!! BACKUP YOUR APPLE CART!!! TO GARNER’S NEW AND IMPROVED MILL, Where may be found his old miller, ever ready and always willing to do the best grinding, and the most of it iu the shortest time possible, making the best meal and the most of it too, besides the most hominy, and the best of it that can be made of corn “The cook is still cooking in the kitchen,” and you know the rest, but come and see Frank at the mill. He will tell you all you have forgotten and learn you where the best mill is to carry your grain if you want what you wish to get a good turn out. jfoaSr Call for Hodge, the Miller. Yours muchly, and more of it, FRANK M. HODGE, Miller, At Garner’s New, Large and Improved Mills. junl2-3m Permanent and Transient Boarding, BY SIRS. G. W. LUCAS. RATES OF BOARD: Board, Per Day $1 25 “ “ Week 5 00 “ “ Month (with room) 12 00 “ “ Month (without room) 9 00 Single Meals ! 00 35 Table supplied with the best the market affords Boarders well attended to. Jan9-tP DEFY COMPETITION. Also a Full Line of • f Kerosene Stoves ] Fixtures. 1 SELL THE WELL-KNOWN CELEBRATED RICHARD J. MORRIS, 118 KING STREET, Charleston, S. O. ter SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE AND PRICE LIST. juySl-Gra THE LARGEST AND MOST COMPLETE ESTABLISHMENT SOUTH. (iEO. i HACKER & SON, MANUFACTURERS of Doors, Sash, Blinds, Moulding, AND BUILDING MATERIAL. Office and Warerooms King opp. Canon St., CIIAIR.IL.ESTOIN', S. G. ESTABLISHED 1842. PRICES LOWER AND WORK SUPERIOR TO ANY OTHER MANU FACTURED IN THIS CITY. G. . HACKER. E. M. HACKER. juyll-ly S. A. WOODS & SON. AN N 0 U N C E Just from New York. W. H. DeBERRY, mm PUBLIC, TIMMONSVILLE, S. C. Special attention given to the execution of Deeds, Mortgages, Bonds, Liens, Agree ments. &c. 0- PACIFIC LAWNS, WHITE PIQUES, VICTORIA LAWNS, (all (qualities), CALICOES, New Styles in Great Variety. LINEN SUITINGS, White and Colored, Fire Insurance. HAMBURG EDGINGS and INSERTINOS LONDON & LANCASHIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, or Livkrpool. LYNCHBURG, or Lynchburg. Va. WESTERN ASSURANCE COMPANY, or Toronto, Canada. Will write lit fair rates on Stores, Dwel lings & Gin Houses. JAMES T. BRISTOW, Aor., jan2-tf Darlington, S. S. aT THE Darlington Bazaar. Mrs. C. E. Hjmes Returns thanks to tho ladies of the village and surrounding country for their liberal patronage, and invites them to call in and see her {Spring Stock of MILLINERY ROODS, Consisting of Hats, of all styles—Chid Straw, Felt and Velvet Also, ribbons, ties, flowers, kid gloves, silk mitts, and Lisle thread gloves, striped and plain childrens an 1 ladies hose, tuck combs, lace setts, lace collars, lace and silk ties, illusion, black ercnc, frilling of all kinds, embroideries, laces, corsets, fans and fan attachments, plumes, stamped patterns in embroidery and braid, buttons of all shades in silk and velvet, silk galloon for trimmings, black and white veils, bracelets, black jewelry in setts andseperate, silk handkerchiefs. \ nice assortment of articles too numer ous to mention. Call and see and feel satisfied you can buy cheaper than in Charleston. Her terms are cash, her goods cheap. Quick sales and small profits is her motto, fapr. 18 ROBERT PE EE, Timmonsville, S. C., W 'ISHE* IT UNDERSTOOD THAT HE is Mill on hand, and is always prepared to furnish you, at low down phm'ks, anything that you cannot find else where. Plow Castings a Speciality’ The EDOECOMB PLOW, No. 50 and 35. The WILSON COTTON PLOW, and No. 10, always on hand. Neither of these can be beat. ALSO riltE AXD rXADULTERATED CRAPE AXD APPLE Bzretnclies. Look round, and if you can’t find what you want, call on ROBERT PEEL. Ij may! JOB WORK Ncntl) and promptly oxccutnd at the NEWS OFFICE. AN ENTIRELY NEW STOCK OF jDRESS^'GOOD®,''"”" j NEW BLACK ALPACAS AT A BARGAIN. ANOTHER NEW STOCK OF THE GREAT FAVORITE COOK CORSETS. COMPLETE SUPPLY OF “ ZIEGLER’S LADIES SHOES ” AND MEN’S “ HAND-MADE ” PRINCE ALBERTS. -A-IjIL. loxatest FHIOES 1 S. A. WOOD '. JOHN WOODS. aprd 3m—junl2 limilST MARKET PRICES PAID FOR HIDES, WOOL, SKINS, Beeswax, Tallow, &c., NORTH SIDEPEARL STREET,D RUNGTONS. C, Iron Works, COLUMBIA, S. C. MANUFACTURING ALL KINDS OF STEAM ENGINES, from Fire HorsePow er ami upwards CIRCULAR SAW MILLS. FLOUR AND GRISTMILLS. SUGARCANE MILLS. ORNAMENTAL HOUSE & STORE FRONTS and Columns of every description. RAILINGS for Grave-Yards and Balconies. GIN GEARINGS, from Six to Fourteen Feet in Diameter. SHAFTINGS, PULLEYS and GEARINGS of all Sixes BRASS AND IRON CASTINGS, of every description, done on short notice and in good workmanlike manner, and at prices to suit the times. ALSO MAKE THE Gaddcy Improved Water Wheels. All Work superintended by P. KIND. G, D1 BUCKS, Proprietor. M Goldsmith, is not connected with the business whatsoever. au7-3in Joseph R. Robertson, Frank E. Tatlor Henry C. Robertson. ROBERTSON, TAYLOR & CO., Successors to GEO. YV. WILLIAMS & CO., COTTON FACTO UN, WHOLESALE GROCERS AND General Commission merchants, 1 AND 3 I1AYNE STREET, Cbarlcatoii, .... s, C. ILL give all business their most careful attention. Consignments of Cotton solieited. juy31-6ra MANTOIE & CO,, Liquor Merchants, and Manufacturers of Cigars. Wtulcsnle Idtnf Tobacco Warehouse, 118 EAST BAY STREfiT, CHARLESTON, - - • • 8. 0. Sep l lino janlC-tf