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THE SUN, NEWBERRY. S. C„ FRIDAY, JULY 29, 1938 NEW YORK. — Widespread use of acids to boost production from oil wells has brought in its wake a major trouble for the petroleum industry in the form of thousands of miles of ruined pipelines and hundreds of ruined refinery units, petro leum engineers report here. Salts, 50,000,000 pounds of them, produced largely as by-products of the acid “dosing” of wells, are eat ing the walls of expensive pressure piping and plugging refinery tubes, exacting a stupendous economic toll, they reveal. They are in addition lowering the value of residual oils and tars, eat ing up in waste a considerable por tion of the increased income earned by the use of*the acid process which increases the wells’ yield. Greater even than the cost of re placement parts and labor is the loss caused by equipment being out of service while repairs are made. Petroleum engineers are turning increasing attention today, however, to this problem and report a num ber of desalting methods. Methods of Removing Salts. Heat, pressure and the addition of fresh water remove some of the salt from commercial crude oil, in creasing the life of piping and re finery equipment greatly at a low cost. A Michigan installation, de scribed in Petroleum Technology by Dr. Gustav Egloff and a group of petroleum engineers of the Univer sal Oil Products company, reduced the salts in the incoming crudes from 220 to 5 pounds per thousand barrels. Incoming oil was mixed with about 10 per cent of water, then heated to 250 degrees under a pres sure of 60 pounds. The salt re moval, 212 pounds for each 1,000 ( barrels of oil handled, reduced cor- 'rosion from a continual cause of breakdowns to a very minor main tenance factor. Chgpucals to break up the shell Of—emulsion which protects brine globules from the surrounding oil have been used with some success. Once this protective coating is de stroyed, water particles settle out of the mixture very rapidly, carry ing the salt with them. Different chemicals are needed in each oil- producing area, and the search for a general desalting chemical agent, suited to all types and mixtures of oil coming to a refinery, is still go ing on. Electrical desalting, in one plant, decreased the salt content of the crude oil from 200 to 8 pounds per 1,000 barrels. This particularly cor rosive crude oil, from an Arkansas field, was mixed with water, then subjected to an alternating poten tial of 16,000 to 32,000 volts. Supersonic Waves Break Solids by Vibrations PORT HURON, MICH.—Superson ic waves—sounds too shrill in pitch to be heard by the human ear— will soon be used to break up solid particles into new degrees of fine ness. Sound’s new use has been devel oped from research of Dr. Karl Soellner of the department of agron omy at Cornell university. He found that high-frequency sound waves not only make sediments, gels and precipitates disperse—as previously had been known—but also that cer tain solids having a laminated structure could be broken into fine bits by the intense vibrations cre ated. Materials on which the supersonic waves work well include graphite, mica and steatite. As soon as pro duction changes are completed, col loidal graphite will be made of much finer particle size and longer suspension than has heretofore been available to industry. Ears Reveal Paternity, Says a German Scientist FRANKFURT-on-the-MAIN, GER MANY.—Possibility of determining a child’s paternity from the shape of his ears appears in a report from Dr. Thordar Quelprud of University Institute for Heredity and Race Hy giene. The shape of the human ear, Dr. Quelprud says, has a number of personal peculiarities which appear well-developed in the infant. Left and right ears of the same person are often markedly different, so Dr. Quelprud examined both ears in his study of 5,000 persons. Twin and family studies, Including studies of fraternal and identical twins, were made to determine hereditary char acteristics. Shane, length and breadth of ear, height of concha, length and form of ear-lobe, helix and tragus, length-breadth-index of the ear, scapha and other charac teristics were invsstigated. Severe Tests Give Top Rating to New Type Of Concrete Block CHICAGO —A new type con crete masonry block has re ceived a “top” rating after se vere fire, water and pressure tests in the Underwriters* lab oratories here. The eight-inch thick wall was given a Zyi- hour fire classification—a rat ing of half an hour longer than any previous eight-inch wall of concrete masonry units has been able to secure. A laboratory inferno was the test ing ground for the new hollow build ing block. A specially designed furnace was built which burned 10,000 cubic feet of gas an hour—as much as a small city. For four hours the 11 by 10 foot experimental wall of blocks was subjected to fire. In the first five minutes the wall reached a tem perature of 1,000 degrees Fahren heit. At the end of one hour the exposed face was up to 1,700 de grees; at two hours, 1,850 degrees; and at the completion of the test a temperature of 2,000 degrees Fah renheit was recorded. Wall Remained Intact. All this while great hydraulic jacks were pushing down on the wall with a pressure averaging 175 pounds to the square inch. At the end of the four-hour ordeal, the wall was removed from the fire blast and its incandescent face was washed with a stream of cold water, from a fire hose, under a water pressure of 45 pounds to the square inch. Great clouds of steam obscured the wall. Snapping and crackling noises were heard as the wall un derwent its rapid cooling and con traction. The wall remained intact after this whole series of destructive ac tions. Architects and engineers examining it later expressed amazement at the slight effects of the severe treatment. Temperatures recorded on the un exposed surface of the wall during the tests resulted in the prized ZVi- hour classification. This rating can be increased to a four-hour classi fication when such walls are sur faced with three-quarters of an inch of gypsum plaster. Greater fire protection at a lower cost is the objective of the research which developed the building blocks. Head-Hunter Doctors Are Good Bone Setter? WASHINGTON.—Doctors of the Jivaro head-hunting tribe on ihe Amazon are good bone setters, and use casts of chicle—basis of chew ing gum—to hold broken bones in place. What a family doctor’s life is like in this tribe, famed mainly for its head hunting, is reported by Mat thew W. Stirling, chief of the bureau of American ethnology, who ven tured successfully into their sup posedly dangerous communities. A Jivaro doctor, called a wishinu, has to study one month before he is considered ready to practice, but there are only six kinds of dis ease spirits supposed to cause most human troubles. He also has to learn to treat cold, fever and dysen tery with specific herbs. His rigid code of medical ethics requires him to answer a sick call at any hour of day or night through trackless jungle. If he fails to cure he may be “sued” for malpractice, which in Jivaro legal machinery means he may lose his head or be required to pay the value of the lost pa tient’s life. Making Forests Too Tidy Is Bad for the Soil GENEVA.—Don’t tidy up forests too much, by removing fallen tim ber and otherwise clearing the ground, is the advice of a leading Swiss ecologist, Dr. Arnold Pictet. If you clear away all such accumu lations of “rubbish” you deprive the forest of much of its biological work ing capital. Trees are a soil-exhausting crop, Dr. Pictet points out. They with draw a large proportion of the soil’s original store of nutrient substances and lock it up in their stems. When they fall, the swarming destructive life of the forest floor—insects, worms, fungi, bacteria—unlock these hoards and return the accu mulated capital to the soil as hu mus. Lumbering operations inevitably carry off a good deal of this capital to market. Fire destroys it, not to be replaced for centuries. Fallen trunks, and forest litter generally, can re-invest a part of it in the •soil, if only they are permitted to return, as dust to dust. War on Caterpillars SYRACUSE, N. Y. — Organisms that cause a deadly disease to tent caterpillars are being cultured at the New York State College of For estry here, to be released in an ef fort to control the forest tent cater pillar, which has developed into a major pest. The disease has been known for a long time, but this is the first attempt that has been made to propagate it artificially and us* it as a means «f forest defense. Flies Atlantic in Second-Hand ‘Crate’ Douglas P. Corrigan, young American aviator who flew the Atlantic ocean in a second-hand, nine-year-old single-motor monoplane which he bought for $900. Previously making a non-stop transcontinental flight from California to New York, Corrigan took off from Floyd Bennett field and landed at Baldonnel, Ireland. 28 hours and 13 minutes later. Refused government permis sion for the flight, he left the field saying Los Angelee was his destination. On landing he said he had made a mistake in his direction. President Roosevelt makes a brief inspection of Mare Island Navy Yard, near Vallejo, Calif., before he proceeds over the Golden Gate bridge to San Francisco and thence to the Treasure island site of the 1939 Golden Gate International exposition. Here the Chief Executive is snapped as he greeted Commandant David Worth Barley. HELPS HIS PUTTS There is nothing orthodox about Leo Diegel’s style of golf play as witness his "standing-sitting” putt ing style, demonstrated at the re cent Professional Golf association’s meet at Shawnee-on-Delaware, Pa. Diegel says his stance is the "most accurate method in the world. It Isn’t pretty to look at, I’D admit, but it’s sound.” INSULL PASSES Astor Kin Sells Golf Balls Memories of the titianic days when he was the utility king of America were recalled in the recent death of Samuel Insull in Paris. The famous Chicagoan passed away at the age of seventy-eight. The utility com pany empire he erected in his hey day crashed after the 1929 stock market panic, causing the loss of billions to investors. Insull, who came to America as a poor young man, rose rapidly to success. He was secretary to Thomas A. Edison for a number of years before he entered business in Chicago. Francis Ormond French, impecunious father-in-law of John Jacob Astor, IQ, who was refused unemployment relief and a WPA job re cently, is shown selling a customer a pail of golf balls for a quarter at a golf driving practice range at Brighton, Mass., where he secured a job. French is paid $5 a day and 59 per cent commission on all golf balls he actually sells. Cruiser Is President’s Vacation Home The cruiser U. S. S. Houston, which President Roosevelt has used for his South American vacation. The President reviewed the navy’s massed .fleet in San Francisco harbor before;starting. Star Dust ★ Children of Stars ★ A Break for Nancy ★ Goodman's Cornetist By Virginia Vale S OME day when you young sters are grown up, and see by the papers that Ellen Powell is going places with this or that young man, you’ll know how the old-timers feel when they read that Sue Vidor has been going about with Buddy Arm strong. You’ll probably say, "Why I re member when that girl was born— way back in 1938! Her mother was a well-known movie star, Jean Blon- dell, and her father was a movie star, too—Dick Powell, and a mas ter of ceremonies on the radio, too. But, of course, you don’t see them in pictures now.” And it seems like yesterday that Sue Vidor was playing that tiny little piano, and her handsome young parents were standing there, smiling at her. Her mother was a famed movie actress — Florence Vidor, who retired to marry Jascha Heifetz, the violinist. Sue’s father is King Vidor, the director. —*— And, speaking of the passing of time, when she started work recent ly on “Three Loves _ Has Nancy,” Janet f Gaynor also started gyjjijl,' out on her twelfth year of m a k i n g » ^ movies. Few others have stayed at the »^ top for so long. S' Which reminds me that in “Tropic Hoi- |St k iday,” the new Mar- # tha Raye-Bob Burns comedy, one of S&alWWUsU Bob’s scenes is a Janet Gaynor burlesque of the one in “A Star Is Bom” in which Fredric March swam out to sea to his death. People who liked the Gaynor-March hit picture won’t care for that. —*— Having fought with Columbia and had her contract bought off, Grace Moore departed for Paris, where she will start right in making pic tures again. She’ll do both a French and an English version of "Louise.” And, as French pictures are rarely up to the United States standard, she probably won’t like the result. —*— Nancy Kelly, aged seventeen, has been booked to play the heroine in “Splinter Fleet,” and a lot of people in Hollywood are- asking who she is and where she comes from and why she should be given so important a NANCY KELLY role in such an expensive picture. But at seventeen Nancy is a veteran who rates important assignments. She acted in the movies made in the East as a child, but gave it up 10 years ago because she had reached the awkward age, and devoted her- self to radio. She was going strong a year ago when she got the role of Gertrude Lawrence’s daughter in “Susan and God,” a successful play that was one of the .New York thea ters’ big hits this year. Nancy was a hit, too, Darryl Zanuck saw her performance and bought her run-of- the-play contract, so now she’s back in the movies again, without mak ing any effort to be. “Them as has, gits.” —*— You can’t tell, these days, where a swing musician will bob up. When Benny Goodman and his band were playing an engagement in Texas last year everybody for miles around who liked swing music came to dance. During the inter mission a young man with a cornet in his hand came to Goodman and asked to play for him. Goodman took him into an adjoining room, Jess Stacey sat down at the piano, and the young man began to toot. “Buddy,” said Goodman when he had finished. “Whatever your name is, you can join my band. By the way, where did you learn to put a horn through its paces?” “I’m a member of the Salvation Army band,” replied Henry James, who’s been a member of Goodman’s gang ever since. —*— ODDS AND ENDS—Jack Oak it is tak ing bows on having lost a lot of weight, and George Raft is trying to reduce . . . The Chinese government has offered Ann Sheridan’s husband, Edward Norris, a lot of money to fly for them . . . Fred Allen rushed off to Maine when his year's broadcasting was finished; he’s eighteen miles from Portland (Maine, not HoffaJ and swears that this year the radio fans won’t find him . . . They did, last sum mer, three weeks after his vacation started . . . Remember “Three Smart Girls,’’ the Deanna Durbin picture? There’ll be a sequel, “Three Smart Girls Grow Vp,“ with the same cast. • WeaWrn Newspaper Unton. Jiffy Crochet Cloth You'll Be Proud Oi Pattern 6C34. A 58-inch cloth done in a jiffy, on a big hook with two strands of string! You can make this design! ■ in three smaller sizes, the small est 26 inches. Pattern 6084 con tains instructions for making the cloth; an illustration of it and at stitches; materials needed; pho tograph of section of cloth. To obtain this pattern, send 15 cents in stamps or coins (coins' preferred) to The Sewing Circle, Household Arts Dept., 259 W., Fourteenth St., New York, N. Y. ! Please write your name, ad-j dress and pattern number plainly.! Oriental Citizens The naturalization of Chinese and other Orientals is not permit ted in the United States, but those born in this country are citizens on the same terms as any other natives of the United States. The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution provides that "all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens at the United States and of the state wherein they reside.” NERVOUS? Do you feel so nervous you want to screamT Are you cross and irritable? Do you eeoM those dearest to you? If your nerves are on edge and you (eel you need a good general system tonic, try Lydia E. Pinkham’s Vegetable Compound* made espeoiofiy/or women. For over 60 years one woman has told an other how to go “amfllng thru" with reliable Pinkham’s Compound. It helps nature build up more physical resistance and thus helps 1 vet mg nerves and lessen discomforts which often ao- calm quiveti from comi_ _ jl i chance to help YOTX? Over one million women have written in reporting wonderful benefits from Pinkham*n Compound. rom annoying symptoms ompany female functional Why not give it a chanc Right Actions The only correct actions are those which require no explana tion and no apology.—Auerbach.; courting blindness is whst you ue doing when you neg lect twitching, watery, bloodshot, sore eyes. Leonardi’s Golden Eye Lotion cores nearly every eye cue- ease. Cools, heals and strengthens UONAHDrS GOLDIN EYE LOTION MAKES WEAK BYBS STRONG %§a at sU dngghts New larwt Sin sritk Dropper—30 cents g. ■. LMMtSI « Cs, New aMten* M. w Quiet Providence Providence is noiseless as it is irresistible.—S. C. Logan. SMALL SIZE 60c _ SIZE S1.20 AT ALL GOOD DRUG STORES WNU—7 30—38 MAKE THEM HAPPY e bottle of ‘DEAD SHOT’ Dr. cry’s Vermifuge will save you raey, time, anxiety, and restore I health of your children in i Worms or Tapeworm. Peery's'DEAD SHOTvei w^A*cT^ Z&Zr*-. mr-