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ANTXBLLSHED L.865. NEWB RT, 8, C., FRIDAY, JANUARY 2. 1903 TWICRA WE :aj 1ATIOR FOR YTiE WEAK SCHOOLS. B'LBA OP STATE SUPMRINTBNDENT Of EDUCATION MeMAHAN. 'Schools to be Aided that Do Not Com ply With Certain Regulations in Regard to Etticiency, (Ne*s and Opurier jperisepdet of Educa4iou Mo Ahan, in his forthcoming report, . illdeal with the question of educa ,ton in all of its phaeps as far as this State is affected, but one of the chief points of interest in his report will be as to the betterment of the public schools, particularly the country :ihools. He favors a direct appro priation for the aid of such bohools eder certain conditions, and as to where the money will come from he eays the State can raise it as easily as it,coul4.noney for the Exposition and some other things. Claiming that it is admitted that the State is not doing what it ought to or what it can, Mr. McMahan pre. sents some facts of general interest. He takes certain counties and shows the average cost per pupil as follows: ----1902 White. Negro. Richland...........,.$1042 $1 95 Fairfield ............ 9 92 1 02 Chester. ............. 8 59 1 29 umter ....... ..... 7 88 1 45 rkeley .......... 6 88 1 25 herokee............ 4 39 1 90 besterfield.......... 843 1 44 .rry............... 285 187 ickens............. 804 '173 daluda .............. 8 41 92 Williamsburg......... 5 23 1 72 All efforts to secure a State appro. )priation for -the public schools have 'thus far failed. The only form in ,which such a bill has possed the lower house has been to provide litional opunty- tax. Some o he Ii dmsentatives of richer counties are unwilliig that their counties should . pay toward the support of the schools of o-her counties. The idea seems to .tprevpil that counties are distinct and separate in interest an, respqnsibtity, ,The old South Carolina doctrihe is lost sight of, that the State is the sovereign. A more legitimate argument against such an appropriation is the just fear that it will be misspent. Under -present conditions there are serious obstacles to the policy of state aid to weak schools. This .policy has been partially entered upon in the Act of 1899 to distribute State dispensary profirs first to bring up deficient schools to a minhaaum three txonths' term, or $75 fond. \With deficiencies of the preceding 'year as a basis dispensary money has thieen for four years annually appor itioned to bring up the schools to this minimum session, yet the foregoing statistics show that the law has tailed to accomplish its purpose. The law dogsp ot require Its trustees to ap ply the money to the schools that need it. In my report of 1890 1 called at tention to the need of safeguards against the unnecessary multiplying of schools to be thus aided.. The constitutional provision that each county board should lay off its county into conveilent school dis tricts of not les~s than nine nor more than forty nine square miles has been carried out in very few counties. Its spirit and purpose, though not its letter, was that each district should support but one school for the white and one for the negroes, each to be centrally located. In some counties the districts are still townships, so large that they must support deveral ""#ols, so ' e of which the trustees in erested in and shamefully w (Mitspne are entirely too /lhers. i. er, a three months' school ~75 teacher can hardly be S hool. Necessarily thetrus 0 e little choice of tenebers. Sacquiescence of the countg a ndents they sometime4 em hera without certificates of 1og and unable to pass tbQ aminations. B3nt iJ);iome there is an ample supply of . nts:holding the county cer tifoate. Altogether, the trustees o short term schools are in the habit of employing verb poor teachers for whom it should not be the policy of the State to furnish longer sessions. Aid from the State should be granted not merely upon a showing of pov erty, but upon the guarantee of proper location of the school and the employment of a thoroughly capable teacher. Better far to aid a few schools in this way than to aid many less effectively. A Legislative appropriation to the schQols should be based upon a gen eral law with safeguards along these lines. The teacher whose salary is supplemented should be required to have a certificate of qualification from the State board of education (issued upon examination or upon the diploma of an approved college.) The sohobl should be in a district supporting but one school for a qh race, or the school should not be less than four miles from evory other which the pupils might attend, and if its enrolment be less tlin twenty pupils its distance from every other school open to its children should be not less than five mile$, Qr specially justified by swamps or other pecu liar conditions (reported by the county board and approved by the State board.)The county board should furnish p list of its schoqis ;fulfilling the conditions in tdacher, location, enrolment and financial inability, the latter fact being certified a.so. by the county treasurer on March 15, after, the collection of taxes has been com. pleted and the funds of the district for the cprrent scholastic year are ascertained--and, in the case of the needy districts, Nahausted. The names of the teachers and the amounts to be paid them should be certified to th9 3 Treasurer by - the State S O Indent of Education on be J.l e State board of education. y- ;tb's pifi should be sufficient to e q> the salaries to $35 a month for t+L months. At the beginning Qf, this policy not many schools would be able to avail themselves of the proffered assistance. Under the strong inducement to con form to the conditions, trustees would be stirred from present indifference and errors. ' There would be a read. justment in the location of 9bopje which would greatly strengthen oth ers. In the end a comparatively small number would need the Legis lative bounty. The country school problemk;ould be largely solved. Of cojrse, these results co.ld be much better realized .with bettey county management of schools. State aidto eakschQo a wdpl4e many reasons unwise without strong management and expert .supervision in each county. "HAR1|ilIlG" 0F CHII.DI\BN. And Somne of.the Ill Resgits thiat are Apt to Follow. [New York Medical Record.] Hooker is outspQken in his objec tions to the methods pursued in the* so-called "hardening" of children by the means of.cold douches or baths. As a rule, children thus treated are more susceptible to. nasal catarrhs, throat affections, bronchitis and pul monary inflammations than those who have not been subjected to the "hard. ening" process. Furthermore such measures frequently give rise to pro nounced anaemia and various disord ers of the nervous system. Children so "hardened" are especially prone to acute and chronic intestinal disor. ders. While in healthy children a prop. erly conducted "hardening" proces is often of advatg,e, t must be re membered th&t the~re are no hard and fast rules and that every case must be treated according to the individu al Indications. The fundamental principles of a proper "hardening"~ system,are s follqws: ,(1) Gradual acclimation to the air of the room; (2) gradual acclimation to outdoor air; (3) gradual apclimation to cold water; (4) suitablo clothing-varie4d according to the weather and time of year. Gireat care should be observ ad in acclimating the child to 'cold water, and the affects of the same should be carefully watched, the en deavors being at once suspended on the first appearance of any unfavora ble symptoms. On no aocou'n should any of the "hardigi~ pg gstireMe comynenc ed until tke nursing period is pass ed arnd in all iases the proces~s should he one of mrada Anvalno.....& YOTE OF THE NEGROES. IT IS NBCBSSA.Y TO RBPIPLIQANS IN! SBV$t4 STAg!$. Shaking their Allegiance-Possibilitics of the "Lily White" Movement. [Washington Post.] At the North, ap. well as at the South, the black people still cling to the Republican party with singular tenacity. They vote the Republican ticket for local, State and national candidates, always almost unani mously. This is practically undis puted. The recent concerted effort of the Democrats to shake the negro faitO in Republican i4fallibility catuses a good deal of specplation as to what effect the total elimination of the negro vote would have upon election results, especially in the Republican strongholds of the North. Upon in sufficient or nisleacling infqrmation severa. writers have recently declared that but for the negro vote the Re. publicans would always be in a rminority in Congress and would have lobt the Presidency at every electipn since 1872. THE NEGRO vOTE. Iu the following table are inoluded all the Republican Sttltes at the North having any considerable no gro population, and also certain bor der States now held by the Republi cans, or which are considered some times doubtful, in which there is a heavy negro vote. Indian Territory and Oklahoma ate set down because there is some probability that they will be adnitted as States before the close of this Congress. The total negro population of each State, by the cepsus of 1900, is stated, and all colored males 21 years of age and over, or voters, as shown by the same census. None but persons of negro descent are included: Negro Negro Population. Vote. 1900. 1900. Massachusetts-31,974 10,456 Rhode Island.........9,092 2,765 Connecticut..........1,226 4,676 New York .. .....99,232 81,425 New Jersey .......69,844 21,474 Pennsylvania ........16,845 51,668 DQlaware...........30,697 8,374 Maryland ..... . 235,064 60,406 Ohio............96,901 31,235 Indiana............... 57,05 18,186 Illinois ..........8,078. 29,762 Michigan .............16,816 6,193 Iowa.. .............. 12,693 4,441 Missouri.............161,234 4,418 Kansas............... 52,003 14,695 Nebraska ............6,269 2,298 Oklahoma............18,831 4,82 Indian Territory... 38,863 Colorado............... 8 0 California............11,00 8,711 Kentu ........ 7 Vrgini.31,974 14,4866 NO DFE 9,092 2,765~QY *Whteve1change 4,576avere stiled roma 9tt,leliinaion ,f425i nego ot pio t69, it 1,474it obviou that 6,s8el min 1,688tg havehad o 3efectupo thereul74 the ast wo 2Pes5dntia el0,40ns Nor s i lie9yit9o0l hav ,235ny percptibe efectupo the 8,18i6a complxionf 8theHou8 or 29at,76 thouh tereis 5,posiblit,tht93 might avelst6th 4,441ous t the161,p34 46,418 It i qute5ceartha if 4,695ac aWdst woudia....r..rearot inateanr moane might haeen poltica frmatl iaion isno atie byerite prty. t18erei isupt. pove hd to effoe upn eresul~nthof bhelas and Presienal assumtion. Noigit lierely Wdhite apoint menetib efeatuo the Sothibicae complexionage byoue Democnatic leader have lostthaet Hoshato th allegiane olea tha Northe blacks ofthn tort vinct white shupreacyn t the Deot ,telog.nitr ruted pprnta Republican.doiaonn suevrlses inolaaonce earan, Wedst Virgini b andm veytprcyae ben awhoany dmorentuchpngh platcal voe.ctOn ihe ntarythoate pay cither avey dBute the inegup voted etoibe inm Manretts,on tew blark, aNew aesera, ansylmptian Ohmo,ngdepican Ileadrs, Iowat and Mcigtave an o"ill carie everyOnt ofem at the lsth two beintae eulection.Aed in telal Deortic ta woldndicae white suprem ac AT COST $10000- WORTH OF N STO BE CLOSED OUT Bran New SItocli Schloss Bros -W this season, a we have decided to make a chang * A GENUINE COST SAL It is not a ruse to get rid shelf from season to seas No odor of moth balls or c clothing which is to go in tl remarkable, because ever, date in quality and style--I in any market of this coun We Mean What We Say ! And $10,000 worth of the very best Clothing is to be closed out at Cost, and if anybody can find an old gar rment in the lot, we will forfeit the value of the whole stock. Suits for Men, Youths, Boys ! A fine selection! Latest styles! Best fabrics! Such an opportunity has never before been placed before the purchasing public. l A Genuine Cost Sale Of Clothing is such a rare event that 1 4 we must persist in the statement & that here goes a Real Cost sale, and j all who want any of the splendid & Suits will find it out to their great &j regret if they.delay long in coming jj to see how it is.--44% Come and See Us! --w T HE EWAr Sellers of $10,000 stock of New C selling at Cost $10,000 Stock c WP S.-Turn it and look at it any way yo the negroes gone over to Mr. Bryan IIN Bo0RDER s( TATEs in a body. The foregoing exhibit, therefore, Following reconstruction, in many presents in concise andI clear form of the close contests up to the time the important part the negroes of the the wave of McKinleyism struck the North and border States play in iRe country, it is true that the loss of the publican politics. T1heir loyalty to negro vote would have lost the Re- that party has been one of the most publicans the election many times in extraordinary features of the coun Connecticut, Newv York, New Jersey, 'try's history since the civil wvar. it ohi.,, Indiana and Illinois and, with is only recently that the Denmocratic them, Congress and the Presidency.' leaders have perceived their vo'.:ng In those days Delaware, Mary- value in the debatable country. land, West Virginia and Kentucky Such Republican States as Maine, were reliable components of the New Hampshire, Vermont, Wisconsin, solid South, and Connecticut, New Minnesota, the D)akot,as anid Honjo of York, New Jersey and Indiana wore the mountain anid coast State's are alwaya doubtful, evo. with the negro Iexcluded from conIsidleration, because~ vote solhd for the Rlepublican candi- their negro vote is too infinitesimal date.. toi have mnnh effnt on talant ins. AT GIST 1W CLTHIN-$OD: .0.900. AT ACTUAL COST! - .' celebrated goods I All bought md now to be closed out because ,e in our business on January 1st. E OF NEW CLOTHING! of clothing carried on the on, for five or eight years. reases of dust of years on his most remarkable sale ~ garment is new, up-to :he best that can be had try. - , Now, We Are Not Selling Shoes, Hats and Gents' Furnishings at cost, but We do sell the celebrated Florsheim and Stetson Shoes for men and a fine line of Shoes for women at prices which will meet all compe" tition . Our Line of Hats And Gents' Furnishings comprise the Best Qualities and Latest Styles to be found in Newberry or else ~ where. M SWe Are Strictly Up-To Date and We are Selling Goods at very Low Prices. -Como and So. UY.! F-PIFER CO., lothing at Cost and persisting in ~f New Clothing. u may, it is a Genuine Cost Sale. Thlere have been1 conites within teabv tbuton Th rai of fifteen years in Michigan and Ohio,nervorstpouaini lth however, so close that even~ theirfaNohrntaeisoyab ton small negro) contingent might have t he,weesi lebre n changed1 the result by going over toSohen taeitson fuad the opposition.soeiefie Thsho tate The secession from the Riepubli- ere ontmoeterfmle cans of the black vote in New York Nrht n ra x.t h wonld have disastrously dlefeated yugmng ot ose bi Roosevelt for governor in 1898 andfoueorttaesvieithfm. also Odell at the late election. Butlisoth rc. a complete reversal of the black vote -_______ in Pennsylvania this year ,from HLDYFOYU. OUW L Pe'nnypacker to Pat tison wouild notyo lersoedyta t ay have savedc the Democratic candidate o la n rs t l okI for governor. Of t he old free St.ates, o aIfo utmr Iltl o o Peonnsylvania has the greatest negroWere otpaig or ordlas voting pop)ulat ion. o l ; w r l y n o t 0 f t r t c Cohe andv tabeati The rtio ofl.