University of South Carolina Libraries
-E E TABL EWITERY, S. C., FRIDAY, JANUARY 13, 1899 THE GUYENOR'S MESSAGE AN ELABoHATE ICvIEW OF THI AFFAIRtS OF TH E STATE. Finane1l Condition Unuatisfactory-Thi Phosphate Industry has Dwindled to Next to Nothirig-Blenjital Heonlons of tho Legislature Rciturended. . Itoorg-anisistion of the Judicial hysten--Libral Appsopria titis lrecommendel fU r Popular and Higher Ed. ucation-The Dispen nary Sudtained. Gentlemen of the General Assem bly: In accordance with the mandate of the Constitution, I have the honor tc present to you this my second An nual Message. FINANCES. The finances of the State are still in an unsatisfactory condition. Every obligation of the State bs been promptly met; but to this, the State Treasurer has overdrawn, for small amounts upon various banks in which State funds have been deposited. The State of South Carolina should always be in a position to meet cur ront expenses without the necessity of overdrafts upon banks. To do this, it is evident that one or two things will have to be done: either the appropriation must be cut down, or the tax levy raised. I present the following from the State Treasurer: Old debt outstanding. Do comber 31, 1897................$310,708 04 Amount funded during iscal year 1898.......................... 5 00 60 Amount ontstanding Decem ber 31st, 1898.................... 350,208 64 INTEREST-1AYING D),EBT. Amount outstanding Decem bei-314, 1897 ................$6,419,799 03 Paid Brown 4j per cent. Consols, issued during fiscal 'year 1897.............. 1,886 41 Total ..................... 6,501,685 44 Amount redeemed during year 1898............ .. 7,027 97 Amount outstanding De comber 31st, 1898...........$6,494,657 47 CASH. balatice December, 31, 1897 $ 439,418 30 Amount received during ~ year 1898 on all accounts 2,407,283 88 Total ......................$2,84(S,702 27 Amount of expenditures 1898 ............................. 2,396,025 21 Cash balance Decem ber 31, 1898 ........ $450,77 06 SUNDRY ACCOUNTS. Cash balance, December 31, 1898. General account..................$140,383 75 Sinking fund, for reduction Brown 41 per cents...... 127,322 51 Commissioners Slnk'g Fund (old account).................. .. 42,774 02 Redemption Brown Consols 4,613 86 Pilvilege iortilizer Tax...... 2.580-50 Direct Tax Fund and interest 8,065 24 Clemson 1equest................. 320 50 Morrill Fund....................... 6,898 65 Rdempt'n Defelency Bonds and Stocks... .................... 296 36 Perma.nent State School Fun ..... .................. 1,163 00 'Sj eclal........................ 60,000 00 Dispensary, Sout,h Carolina.. 56,258 67 $450,077 00 There are $8,005.24 in the State Treasury to the credit of the direct ta fu nd, which, u-ndy en Act ap 5proved 24th December~ 1891, is available for public purposes. I rec ommend the passage of a joint res olution authorizing the State Treas -ury' to transfer this account to the genieral account. The total value of the assets of the cumulative Phosphate Royal ty Sinking Fund is $290,592.04. Of this amount, $105,050.75 is now lent to counties at a rate of five per cent. interest per annum. The sinking fund has permanantly invested in State stocka $35,728.50. Thero is invested in temporary loans to banks, uncl.r the Act oL Februar-y 25, 1800, and( Fubruiry 25, 1897, $28,484.22. This- leaves a balance, $127,822.51, which has b)eenl deposited in banks, andI which draws 4 per cent., payable monthly. PHIOSPIIATE INDUsTRY. Only $28,522.04 have been paid during the year into the[State Treas sury from the phosphate mining in.. dustry. Mr. James Reid is due the State $2,800.00 royalty on phos. 1phate rock which he has mined. The - iAttorney General has instituted pro ,ceedings against him, and all of his ;personal and real property has been iattached. The Phosphate Inspector <estimates the value of the property lhas been attached to secure this debt at $4,000.00. Efforts are being irhade to force the matter to a speedy settlement, and as no disposition has teen shown to question the State's proceedings, if the estimato as to.the value of the property attached is cor rect, the State is not likely to lose aDything. CONFEDERATE RECORDS. At the session of the General As. sembly, $500 were appropriatbd for the completion of the Confederate rolls. Col. John P". Thomas, Con federate Hibtorian, reports that the rolls have been completed, but the history has not been written. In my last Message I made the follow ing recommeddation: "It is the duty of the State to pro. pare an historical account of the part taken by the commands from this State in the great civil war, and to complete the rolls. I, therefore, urge that provision be made for car rying on this work. To insure coin pletion, I recommend that a sum be appropriated suffioient for carrying out this undertaking, and I suggest, as an inducement to its completion, that while sufficient money may be allowed trionthly for current ex penses, the major portion bo paid only upon the completion and ac ceptance of the work as now mapped I Out." If this recomniendation had been r adopted, the entire work might havo 1: been completed, for the Historian I could easily have written the history 1 and collected the missing rolls, if he s hd been authorized or required to t do so. ELECTION OF OFFIoER. You will be called upon to elect various officers to fill )ositios of em olument or of trust in the State. A " Superintendent of the Penitentiary, a a Librarian of the State Library, e and various Trustees of higher edu cational institutions are to be chosen. I urge the importance of at once holding these elections and filling t these positions; for the experience of the past proves that while such plec tions are pending and undecided V public business is often made to wait 8 and made to suffer. All elections t should be set for an early date in 11 your session. b BIENNIAL SESSION OF THE LEGISLATURE. Only eight States of the Union h hold annual sessions of their Legis- d latures, and it seems a most desira- y ble policy for our own State. Each i session of our General Assembly b costs about fifty thousand dollars. i We have too much legislation, and H consequently too many laws. Bien nial sessions, limited to forty days, P would be ample for due considera tion of all matters portaining to leg islativo business. I therefore re ommend that an amendment to the 1 Constitution of the State, looking to t the establishmnent of biennial session"st of the General Assembly, be subimit. t ted to the people. Members of the Legislature would then be selectedO for a term of four years. This very b desirable action on the part of the r voters would result in a saving of twenty five thousand dollars a year, a~ and this and other good reasons will ti commend the measure to the people y of the State.n THE ORDERK AN!) DUaATION OF COURTs. o There is great n'ecessity for logis- fl lative enactment to secure method, uniformity and stability in the time, a order and dur-ation of our Courts, 6 There is, at p)resent, a demoralizing g irregularity in this -matter. Some i counties have too much time for their i legal sittings; other-s too little. r Moreover, the creation of a number t of new counties has added to the i difficulties and complexity of the y case, and this and1 many other con- c siderations call imperatively for a I readjustment of the roster of Courts. e I offer some suggestions for the correction of those irregularities, and j for the establishment of eqnal andt helpful methods in the adjustmentt of these matters: There should be a sufficient interval between thie circuits to allow timeI for writing decrees; and, in addition to this, ',tho order of Courts in a cir cuit should be' arranged with'regard to railway facilities, and geographi cal position. It would be well, too, for Courts in the-varions circuits to begin on the.sameo day, and continue in each circuit without any break between any two cnties. Cru..s for the summer term should be ohiefly for jail delivory, and tboso summer term should be short; equity mRses might be heard, but no com non pleas jury causes during these terms. The hist placeo on the roster f Courts in each circuit should, when desirable, be fixed for moro han one county. One county might iavo it in the spring, another in the mmmer, and another in the fall. [nasuinch as the General Assembly tow sit8 in Januury and February, t would be advisable to hold no cir mit courts until about the middlo of ?ebruary-just as formerly they vere not held till the middle of Do iowbor. Perhaps the best method to ac omplish the desired results in this natter would be the appointment,or he election of a standing commis ion, composed'of the Attorney Gen. ral and the Circuit Judges, who hould meet, for the direction and nanagement of all these matters, not 4toner th-n once in five years LYNCHING. During the last several years thoro tas been an apparently increasing lisposition among us to attempt the ighting of real or supposed wrongs y the law-breaking practice of vnehing. It is impossible not to see a this tendency a serious mentance to ociety. It means the abolition of Le regular order of justice, and this ; simply the first stop in the do truction of the social order. The oed that, even in the name of law nd order, puts the law out of office, ;as serious a crime against society ud morality as the most vicious act, xecrated of men and denounced of rod. How deeply criminal, then, inst such lawless acts of mis iken justice become, when they are is expression less of righteous in ignation than of mad vindictiveness -less of the instinct of self.preser ation than of the instinct of von eance, that marks our nearness to e, brute. But this is what this iwless practice of lynching means; > this alone it tends. In new - )ttlements it is sometimes ecessary to use this method as a eroic remedy for the ruthlessness of esperadoes and scourges of society. lut this is always in new commun i0q, before the law has had time to ecomo established and confirmed. Ve have no such pretext for the do ioralizing savagery that breaks out ow and then in our State, like a lague, and that with increasing tonace threatens the course of law, ~henever an unusually heinous of anse is cormmitted. We have the iw, with all its agencies and sanc ons, and it can alwvays be relied on > guard and punish, if we will but ack it with public confidence, and ustain it by an enlighitenied public pinion. If, however, wve suffer it to e disregarded and dishoniored by iotous and irresponsible mobs, we hall find the lamp of justice become firebrand of lawness and her pro scting sword an assassin's dagger. Ve should not longer permit this surp)ation of the highest functions f justico by the unchecked b)rute rce of the mob. 1te(dy snggests itself; son to it, s conservaturs of thie peace of the tate, as makers of its laws, as the uardiansm of its sacre,d honor, that as lawsr are so enacted and adlmini tered that conviction and punish ient shall follow crime with thme cer rinty that, links effools to causes. It a possible, it is neces-sry, in mere rotection of society anid vindication if justice, that a stop be put to those agal quibbles, those astute techini alities, that vice-encouraging dil. toriness in the adminis.tration of uistice, which tendl not so much to he protection of individual rights as o the subversion of the rights of so ocinety, and to utter loss of confi hence in the staubility, and even the ossibilit-y, of government. The officers of the law mnuet be rhosen for probity and for courage; md it should becomo of itself a high urime and misdemeanor for sherifl >r constable to allow a prisoner to be aken b)y violence from his hands, avon though his own blood should inave to be sihed to protect theo crimn oal. That an offler oharana1 -ith the duty of holding and of protectiu a prisoner should suffer him to b seized and snatched. from the hand of the representative of the State' power and sovereignty should consti tuto forfeiture in itiolf of his office for it is confession of indisposition o of inability to perform the high dut. committed to him. Such officers wil never correct lawlessness, for tho; are either in sympathy with it o they are if raid of it. As an additonal measure of re straint, it would be well, and I ro comlmend, t hat any county in whicl the criue of lynching is ccmmitto< shall be liable, to the heirs of th< victim of the lynchers, in the sun of five thousand dollars, and tha men who shall be convicted of parti cipation in lynching shall be deprivot of the right to vote or to hold offici in the State. THE STATE'S EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM. The colleges of the State are it fin condition and are doing excellen work. The oldest of them, the Soutt Caroliia College, has 170 students and as able a faculty as can be founi in the South. It has fully rocoverei from the depression of a few yeari ago, and is now continually increns ing its patronage, and widening itf influonce. Its affairs are administer. ed with judgoment and economy. It entirely dwerves the support of our People. The Sout I Carolina Military Aca. demy, as you will see from the re port of its Board, is doing ofliciently the work expectod of it. The severc experience in maint aining disciplin( through which it was forced to pass last Ression has shown that its au. thorities can meet and discbargc most responsible and difficnlt dutioi with a courage and discretion that should commend them to their fel low citizens. The Stato's newer institution el learniug, Clemson and Winthro, Colleges, are in flourishing condition their faculties are full, and thei patronage is large. These collego, are justifying the wisdom of their es tablishments by meeting a need nol met by other educational institutior in the State. They are getting practical and to some extent liberal education to a large number of boyf and girls who would hardly be found in the halls of the other colleges iti the State. Their patronage seems to be up to their capacity of accom modation and instruction. The amounts asked for these va rions colleges are reasonable, ani are necessary for their eflicieni operation. I th)erefore recommeni that the approprintions asked for by these various institutions be in eaci case appropriated by the Genera Assembly. 1 am informed by the State Sup erintendant of Education that thi public school system of our State has shown steady growth and im provement during the past year There has been a marked increase ir the professional'spirit or teachers, deeper interest on the part of thi public in the welfare of the schools and a greateor activity in provi1ig~ better school accomodations. Thess are hopeful indications. My views as to the necesity of cor relating all branches of our oduca ti inal system, as expressedi in mn Me'ssage of last session, have under gone no change. I will therefor, q1uote my recommnodlat ion of last yea and urge it upon your at tention: The State is in the field of oduca tion to say, and that not only by os tablishing and supporting primar and secondary schools, but by build ing and sustaining higher instii.u tions of learning, colleges, univer sities, and even professional dlepart monte., courses and schools. But al education is one, looking, as it doom to the preporationis of the girls an and boys of the State for their dutia in the varied relations of life. Th primary looks to the secondar school, the secondary school to tb college, the college to the furthti special and p)rofessional courses the university. All see the necessit of uninterrupted connection betwee the primary and the secondar branches of our common schools syi tem., but all have notsmened, t equal neccessity of a like connection B, between the secondary nud the col 1 legiato departillents of this all-em. s bracing systom. But these all make up the completo system, and should , be correllated by a regular scheme r of graduations, leading from he r lowust grades of the primary school I to the highobt clauses of the college r and university. This is the principle r help and the plan pursued in many States of the South and Southwst a plait that has resulted in the best or dered and most, oflicient school syi I tem to be found in this couitr. In I the States where this method pro. 3 vails, the papils pass from the first primary grade on to the highest uni L versity degree, without break, with out stop, without loss of oither time or energy. "uch regularity and and continuity are but the logical outcome of the organization and pro per correlation, and thee are as na turally implied in the State's parti cipation in and provision of general education. The easy attainment of such cor relation is evident, as evident is its desirableness, both of economy and ofliciency; it only remains to put in to operation the agencies and in. fluences already at hand for the realization of ill our educ-aionid interests. The most ieccessarv stop in this directiou is the co-ordinatloln o. our collegihto inistitutions, so that their relation 6o each other shall be established and directed with the ut most economy, without clash in in terest, without reduplication of courses, departmonts and professors, save whoro this is found to be ab solutely noccossary, but gith primo reference to the needs of the public the fostering of good citizenship and the conservation of the highest, in terest of the State and society. Having thus been harmonized and unified, the colleges of the State should be lin.ked in bonds af miutual dopendoned and assistance with the preparatory grades of tile secondary schools of the State's systom, that all may work together for the best in torestof each and for the ofliciency and success of this great and helpful agency of onlightenment and mor ality. I feel assured that such organiza tion of our educational system would give far greater efliciency, at th" loast possible cost in money, and the result of the greatest harmony and success to all our schools and colleges. It must come Pro long, and the sooner the better. Thle con trol of the States educautional insti tution is now in tile charge of sixty. two trustees. The wurk could boC better done if thmese were reduncedto a minimum. (LEMISON coLLEOE. I have bereto'oro recommendoed that all the money collected l)y the State from tile Privilege Tax Fertilizers he given to Clemson College. But the time has now come inl tile history of the college when a st ricter economy in the management of its affairs mauy be inaugurated1, withbout hurt to thait. institution, and1 with needed relief to the burdened taxpayers of the State. The college plaut is doubt less the finest of its kind in the South; its various dopjartmnents are -well-equipped, and1 its outfit of r buildings, apparatus, and appl iancos - comparatively complete. The col 3 loge, then, seenis now prepared to go r forward with its great work, without needin~g to call upjonl the State for -furthur outfit inl tile way of builIdings -and other provisions for eIquipmnt. ' It now needs the nieccossary money -for operation arid ordinary supply -only, and I belie,ve that all the-e can -be fully provided by the appropria tion I no,v recommend. 1 The great stringency of tile times, I, the steadiy (incline mi tile p)riec of our a miost important agricultural product, a tile necessity of p)roperly supporting C other educational anid charit able in Y st,itut.ions of the State, especially of 0 building tip and1( developing our lowei r schools--all those. andl other consider. if ations which will readily occur tz Y you, enforce the policy of rigid eon a omy in the exp)end1ituro of the peo y ple's money, and of exact, justice ir s- the division of that money among o the eqally nnnil- nnd equ11. worthy objects that it lieeki to foster. 1[1luenced by thoso considerations, and desiring to aict for tho good of the whole State, I recommend that $30,000 of the Privilogo Tnx on Fortilizeri bo appropriated to Clem son College, and that $30,000 of the balanci of said privilhgo tax fuid be appropriatod to Vinthirop Collego; liovided, howover, thut provision >o matdo to supplonjent th tippro priation to Wnthro: Collego from the general treasury, in) ellso the anmut received by h Sta 1o from thi- Privilogo Tax on Fert iliz-rs ik less than $60,mo(. Clemson now receives annually the following sums: From Hatch Fmt, J . .1,000 From Land Script Fund 5>,75-1 From Morrill ii - 10,100 Frot Clemson BiquFet , 12 $34,70t0 1emlondild uppropri lition for tho Shtt - $30,000 Tot.al - - - . $64,(60 WVinthirop Collego niow receives from the Poa. body Ftud - - $3,00 RO 01mn1"aded lipp.-opri lition from the Stitto :100,000 Making i total (if - S;.,000 Ciemilson Collogo is dointg r )t viliable work; i flil llecelit. of it im set forth in the roport of its Presi dont, which I earlwNtly recmmiend to your con.siderittion. All tho do. pilrtiment's of Illt collvgo ars, its y'oi will loarn from thi report, in a. most tri viiig condit ion, and the excellemt. results accomplishod by tho collogo there sot forth havo heon recognizod and approciatod throughout t he Stato. iring the past yir tho Board of Trustev approprialt ed $12,000 to oroot. a building for i Textilo Train ing Hchool. This building is similar in defsign to i smiall mllodel cottonl factory, and is to ho Pquippod with spoOiman vvichiniry, for tho wotk of all departmenti of a mil cotton fic tory, Bosidos locturms and toxt book study on tho manufctiro of cotton, each st.icnt will bo required to study the construction mid uso of tho mal chinely used for thi purposo; and this will bo dono uidr tho direction of coipetent. instructors. I t is tho purpose of tho Board not. only to provido completa courso in textilo instruct0ion for tih regihar stidentts of tho college, but. to tinim special airrangl omenOlt8, so t.hait thoso( ailready engagod in cotton miillinig mayt) it. tond1i t.h schiool att 81neh timo as0 ii tbhoy cant (1ind, andu got 8pc1ia1 lls ruct iont in th11 conistruction and use of cott.oi millinig nmchinery anud ini the host mot.hodis of cotton mnisufactu ring. Moreover, and1( opport.uniity3 wvil be given here also for t ho examjinatioln andi deteriniatti:on of dyOstli s. It. is thus11 intondco.l t hat the school abaill b)e maido valuable to fill cin,-8os connected with the manttiuacur lio f cottont ini our Stateo-to mahini IstS, mill han 18, an 1 o wnue r M mu fat uirers are inivited to subi)Jtt queostionts relating to theo mafnelrl(tnre of cotton, whIIich the1 p)riofsr inl the tex t.i do. palrtmenlt witll tuako p)ltnsurei in stiudying and a nswv -ri 'g. Next t > I ;ritnlnre, thle mantiufaic 1.11rEl of cot tont is t ho mo10. imiportat t ind(ustry in the State. It would scom1, thoeroforo, thait ai textilo 8schoo1 is neOxt ~l in jiortanii n to ani ag rienl.i turanl 8schoo1. It is impo)(rtan lt furm two points of view.: I, Becantso of tho numflber of people1(iii alay (oln gaged mi it, and1( beenuise of thbo pro tinuoe to increase; 2, lE'0canso it iS the choif occupation to wvhi -h t he youth of our Stato may look for pro mont of this d1opartm~ mrt att (C (omson1 hias p)rovided ai school whe(re' iho b) 5 of th is Stto c:t prepara ~ therm sollvoS to flIl the ho-t, y -nii ontS iln thet nlumerous cot tonr antd ot hea r'cntories that are spruinlging~ 11 a II )ovr the~ South, and espeinhly ini Sont hI C ir ohina. Thuis wo shll ob)vito thet prosonit niocessity of turning to Now England tor' tratind( anid skill ful Ia borors anrd mnahge)rs to run our fac tories. T1hte opportu1nity to atcquire this knowlndge andi training a hom vannot but bo of the greatest advan. tage to tle people of the South. Manu factuo rs have pro.,outed sampit's of tht litest Jnjdel+ of cot ton m1IhlIin)ery to tho dopar".ment to such aII amount, as to make the value of t he P110e ty belongilg to the lextito Sc1ool alo01 doub!o the 11111uonuti thIt, the SJanto alls oxpm.- d d onf it. PEN -ioNN. This Stato im now paying out nually in )ens1ionls to Coifederato soldiers the sifm of $100,000. No a1moo untt tit t phe eop!) coult afford woUld l10 too muht.1 to (dispenso to worthly antfld fieody men ,vho risket all for tilt) Ca111SO they hld,I( sacred aid bTIecami0 by this service illpici. (ated for st)lf support. But the grtsit cast. ciro miuld bo taken that -"'ih filiis he ,properly distributed, nild that thimi StatO (10 not attempt more in this di(reCtion thanll is a)O lot1ely dtmauded by tlhe exigencivs of t he cae. WO have I Dotabl)o oh ject-lesson li thie ahob1sm of the na tion1al System of pensmions to warn us to uslm the utllost c. iumsoetion. Onr own syste of ppn.4i,)nlj is ;n 11"d (if C111hnges and reforms. It i. x)pnsivo d 11m1 brsoime, aid (co O(Pen1i to t110i divitatfionti of intiu once anid favorit ism (hat, itivito abuses aO ('1nvollago vxtravagalnc. The ysemIII H110111d simplified, aid its regiulat.im. ald restrictions bt mace striet. ani1d ovim rigorous. The town Ship anlld coiuity boards should I o abolilsled ald application for pon. sions made to the Stato Board. The smilli now expilded in this way, 10,000, is m1ort 11hdan the State Caln aTford, an(d more than is required to satisfy th) just, dellands upon this fund. This lmy is nlow being too idiscrimiiately dist ributod, with loss to tho Stato ad with iljIlstice to m01110 b0noticiaris ind favoritism to ot hers. MAiity undosorving people ar0 drawinig pmnsionis from.he . and many nody and deserving vet orans are forced to go without. The pension lists of this Stato should be purged aid overy ooficiary cut oft from them who doos not show that ho is so incpacitated to provide for himself ind mo dependent on his own labor ats to bo evidently a worthy ob. ject, of this public charity. If ivso nicessary mosures are I(akon, $50,000 n% ill do more real good tanu $100,00 aro nlow doiig, and tit) Stato Will b) Have1d wast1 1n ex pvnsti, whilo the niedy and the vor. tby will roa p, ai they woro intended to (d0, the benits1 Of Lthis fund. I recommiend that thet peniMon Iist bie piurgtoil, t.hat $50,000) only lbe ap prop)riated1( for l)enionis the comning yeari, and thant stepIs b)e tanker to in More the proper dlistributioni of this' THllE no1.'iPiI'PAi. i")ii THE I N5ANF. Thle proper supp)lort of tis helpfli poubl ic charity3, wvhichi looks to thle nunxtliorat.ioni of o:ie of thet saddest of hunm a1111Ii licjt ionis, hias liways lap p)e1lled suiccssful1ly to the 83yrupa)1thilOS of this Staito's reprosenttivos4, arid sHi)ld coiit inno Ho t) do. J}iit there ~5iienod of greater rest rictionis in the meti'hod of adm iiissioni of patients into our1 1Ilotital for t hit Inlsanoe, and [ feel I hat you1 shoul .1 seekl to appldy more1 econoicaiiil anid scientific moth odiS mi iho) adm111iitrat ion of this i stitutjin ini t his espet. The hos. p)itlI haus recently boon enliarged( b)y the compltetion of the Parker builId ine., which p)rovides room for four hiudlred paItientP4, 80 that now the iust ituitioni has caipacity for' 1,000 in im itesi. It now)t conitins 9($( affheted pnersors, of wvhomn ab>)it half may be classedl a5 :tiots, imbeoiles, and1( pa ienits afflicted willh chronic but or dinry and innocent formsriof mental Undter thet laws of this State, onuly t hose pe(rsonis whio art) So disorde'red inii mid 11s to rndringer their own hea11lih or thle porl o:is and( proper)ty of othiers aire admruitted as ilnmates of tho H ospital for Ite Insanro. Evi.. dontly no Staito can all'ordl to build and1( support ani asylium to serve as a refinge for ll t lie wretched weaklllinlgs, depenrdents, imbecilos, and(I nisances of the comunity, however rich or philani'hropic her people may be. Such ain instLit utioni should be, anrd unider our laws is, for the insane. nd