University of South Carolina Libraries
Col. Ilutler's Reply to Soei of, the Charges of Mr. 'inm:m. Lauron a Atdvetilser, Neptk inher 1I. Edior I.aurcUs Adrlvcr'i.er: Although 1 have several times -tan swerod Mr. Tillnan'.; un warrtnted criticism of the South Ca-olina )o. partment of Agriculture, I will, with your permission, reply throiglh the columns of your paper to sOie of his statements in his speech (t bin. rolls. It is almost impossible to an;swer charges of a general character, and Mr. Tillman's mode of warf'aro is to say one thing and when pressed for defilnito statotuents, explain that he lneant something else. But stripped of all verbiage his latest complaint against the agricultural departtent seems to be: "That it is a hot bed to hatch politicians ;" That it r,. fused an offer from the South Caro lina College to have its samples of fertilizers analyzed at 45.0) each, and expended -a much larger stim for the purpose. That it is not under the control of farmors. That it fails to protect consnlme"rs of fertilizeis, 'hecause it analyzes commercial fertilizers after t hey have been put in the grounl. His charge that the depalmett1nt "is a hat, bed to hatch politician8" ;s t simple, unadulterated, unjitstiliablo and malicious slander. I challenge him to point t> a single instan11ce where an atppointmneni to any posi tion of any character, under the ie partment was made for political rt son, or to gain political intlttence. I defy him to show the expenditure of a single dollar of the departmenat fund for political purposes. I eall upon him to show when any metuber of t he board, or any of its Exc it:ive or Cle rical force, have dono any single ct officially, to advanee their ( own or any one elses politie.a aspir,t;on, and if lie fail to do this, he mutst ne. knowledge that his chal'g( aire not only groundless, but absolutely false. I assert that every employee of the department has been selected solel y with regard to his efliciency in his particular part of the work and f'or 1n0 other reason whaatsoever'. As to the charge that tlhe Soutb Carolina College offered to make the analyses of' ho departament for 53.( ' each ; Mr. Tillman mode the s11am statement at Alken some weeks :.inec, and gave Professor Joynes of the col lege, as his authority. I add ressed Prof. Joynes a note in regarl to the matter, and in reply io lenied posi tively that he ever made such a state ment or anything similar to it to Mir. Tillman. I could not imagine thlat lhe had dono so for ito sutch pr)oSie,n kmul Cver' b>en mmleuh. Prof. Joynes' denial was published with a den ial fro men f, and Mr'. Till man hals never questioned Ptrof. Joynes' statement ; but I not ice that ill Laurens lhe gave Pr'of. Melh-ide and the chemist as his authority As both of' these gentlemen ate ab-i sent from the cit.y, I am11 unaible to communicate withl either of theml, and it is unnecessary to do so, because I aml respoMnsible for the st atemeneti that noi sneh priop)ositionl was11 ever made by the college to dlo t his wvork at aniy such pric. ITis see ond charge, therefore, is ais grotn ii less ias the first. HeI says the dIepar'tmlet, of Ag ~i cul ture is not. under the tonitrol of fairmers. It was creted antd establ lished by the Legislators of South1 Carolina, and a large majtoritfy of' that body arc fat mer's, and Ri. ex ecu live olllcers cnd('avor' to ('ali rv out the directions of huat body. At the prese'nt tiime every member of the hoard hasw large farinng in. ferest, and( none1 of' thuem have le,ss financial initer'est in agricul tur ae than Mr. Tillman. None of t hem recei ve any comnpenBsation except a 1)01' dieml of $3. 00, and mtileage when at tendi ing meetings of thle board0, acnd they can not chairge for miiore thain fifteen days ini any one y'ear. So that, besides thei r rtail road fat mf thir' annual compJensation cannot. ex(cee $45.00. The pecu1l nay in t erelss iln thle posit ion caniinot, thereefore, Ie any itnducetmentI to serv~e ast aL mem11 b)or of the board. '.lhey enia hauve but one miotive ini holing I he posi1 Lion, and that is the ad vancem<nt01 of tile agr'icultura'tl intteets of ti State. I assseit positiv'el y t hat the present tmembets of this board, anud all w Iho haveo cer' been imembierIs sinee itsa creation1 have Ilboi edi f.. ith. fuilly to this end. In regard to my~ solf, I mlay bei permiiitte'd to -ay hi.ve ne~ver l(nO1o I1' foih)owe,l ;ii other occupaIMtion1 thani tha.t of faIinm. inIg, andl I think Mr'. Tilbinni, who is my neighbor, will beat' (nt thle state nment that I have been mneasiuably succssll il thisi'ioea io. y fifty years of life on a farm (10o8 not Itniliiiriz(iono with the needs of farmers, theni I am at a IoRs to know how he will ever gain this in formnition. (;crtain'y not witliiin the walls of an Agricultural College, no matter how well he may be trained in scien tilic farming. after graduating from one of' these institut.ions. In order to answer Mr. Tilhnan's objeetion to th method persned by t.he d(partinent in making analyses of ft"rtilizers. it is necessary for me to expilin the method. To make thse anailyies before the fertilizers are used, it woull be necessary to go to the wolks for the ramnples. Sup pose we did this, would any farmer in Scuth Carolina have any faith in the 1 esutis ? No matter it' tho man uf"acturer is honest, would not the farmcrs think that the goods at the wor:ks were hetter than those sold in the Country ? And suppose the man ul'aturers are dishonest, (and that is the slipp.)Sition upY> which the an alyses wove based, becauso if they w('er) always honest, 'analyses would b; useless,) then the works are cer tain ly not he place to draw samples that ilmy be n):mnipulated and made to show any result. The system we follow then is thin We wait until the goods have been Shipped into the cown try and out of the hands of the inanufacturer, and beyond his power ao ater or change in any way. We then :<c'i'l in inspector to the rail romti depots and (1raw samples, and thel(se are turned ovcr to the chemist to inalyze. Of courso in making 200l) analyses a good long time is con sutmed and the goods are often haul. eC away before the analyses appear. tit li is s(' how the purchaser iluti be I'rot,te('dtc(1. lie niuflac onir('1 did I.i know vhere the samiiplo was t) be taken. Our inspect,ors go fre,in, 1";klg('sit'l( to lar]boro, from tIu'(rt to (ireeniville(, and ii order lint his 'o-. s1hali keep u11p to the rmutt' ih imimithirer has had lit? he :tni quatlity of fertili z('r:. t ' '. r'l\ j)iilt in lw Sttte, for sliwmbtl bhi' d) ')the'rwise hi' 1n15 the ri"k I tAeltion. As a rule. the fr,r:"iw'< do not i'. ay' fo)r 11'eir fertili ,:"'r- iiiit i 1' t all, andt h aailly'ses ::rt, pilI.hedI before his hills are dute, to ihat iin -,nn ascet"1tini if th1gar antua- 1; :s e iiutin .iaed, and if not hi' ("ii I' c 4 ui,iur mutialys's to show tllat lie 1):: 1o)t 1::1 valu1e received for his ino:rmy. itt the fiar Of detection 'evnts in naitiilactnrer from at Hit godl iin Houth Carolina not ondly hIs the';111 n1311)1factur ier. thn' trade ini our ci.te,114' liit its our)1 repIorts go aill o verV the ion4 3, he' i damaged (else n h3ere4 . .1I n1 order to en force the0 strict, i'-t ('olipliewe wvithi the law thle de l)n"'t.nen'3' 1has for yea1 rs pulishied the nanu 31lactur3er's gu(Olartee alonsideS( of its 4own muilys~:es, so thatt purichasIi 1'rs ('(ubIl se'e at a glance which bI 4)1ds1 are4 def'icienIt ~ i ay par11ticu bir,' mual last y(l3' ii-,an this, we have 1pr1int ed4 all such1 deficiencies in italics. Mir. T.Iilbnian luis used these pub1ica1 thitii h> shoiw that34 these manuiiifactui rers i 3r' <h4fran1dinlg the people, but a- a:t 1ter' of fac-t there wasl scarce 1) I liaU 34 .1hit wats (l(jlIi n to L)SUel) 1.m exh.eni ais ii> onIiount to ai fraud. li3m he peophs')114. It would b)e murlch 143,r'4 4'oncellusi v of' the dishonesty of t n 31 he n iumfaturelr aind lhe inefliciev 44 f)4 4h4i'par11 en 3 of34 atgricultulri if 3i. TIilliuam will give onie inistauce of) iinpo iion iupon)0 the farm'ners of the Stah-4 3331 h i nfcturer'is of for t ilizer's 'iinee'4 41the ' departmen03t ha~s bee 'in orough41321 wVorking order. In3 (order 14 to g ivet' fiullest pro'te1ctionI to((1 con1niner thelii loj)11 deprtenit not only4 anlyzes the' 4)1 samlses dra'~wn byV its; own~ agents, but1$ oilers to (anid do es( 31n3h: analyses5(' for any farmer in thle St:tt.. Iree' of (cost, who( will d raw the'-113 samles in3 atcordan11ce with i;s rub's. S in ce its ('stal ishmeint, SI ars4-3 a'o, not, includ1ing4 the~ pr'e5i season, the3 dIepart34inwa has inspec'd' '$~~ *)),3 J ins of fe114rt.iliz s 13 I 3 44n to) $1he protect'('ion af 44h- )insunwrl'' (4f fei'3.ilizers' hv4. he hllicia :alyes,i he dep1 i arten em., ith reson. clim401 tat' it as a to' the'Ii 31 13nr (i oher wayVs. n shI Inl ai 1per o'ent. of the1( feriiz r/ ul35t in i,his State; and "'4 theiir sah5 had14 jincea'sed to 70 per 1.~ If t;'(he'llot al f consumpion.3 11 fer1 14 i' i/ in 1Y"1 wa 4..1 11.00, 1a 44 InM phospha;ItiL$es 83 I*.0 Ths pri'-.4 luul''8Itt del4''ined iln 1""854, to 1O for43 ananiahi14d fert~$ilizer's and3( '-. )ior4 nei p''I hoIsphate4(s; a1 decreuase in th l i' e of14' fer'tilizer'3s oIf 80 pe ('ent3. and3( of1 ac1id jdhosphiafos o)f 37 r:tl)t d:lic olf Iree fii lood1'00( and1 givilngp I two or three cut.t.iigs. Y,ou should - sow this at (lie rate of( two hutishel:; to the acre. On thinl lanl where yOIM expect it to standi for s('eed a hall I ushel w "ill g,ive you a 1-ood stanl" Last year .1. \I. D:niel, near L,iune stone Springs, smvIed three peeks or thin n:uid :id he made eighltec bushels O' goIod 'Ve. The advautae of these c'oills 1 that they give yonr mliich cowv- :lnlt hor!se rgoodt g!reel, fIoId in ealy slring. ". Save all the Oldler pOSSil)e. IDo nt t 1h sinall, early ;ss corn dry up in the liells. (ut it down n 111cu it, w'll an1 tu will find that it is mnuch, better thanl nothin'r. ( atler (e1very Iea that. iatures on iyour Iatn.d. They will be needed this it winter. Then the pea ' iies it gatih. 'erel at the right time and 1poperly cured, make excellent feed. It. is 2 had on the ha1 (In t.ake these off, but this w ill be a Iiglt winter and )Ienty of fteed fot' stock will lie of' mrimte in. d p)Ortance. -r' -1. T1he SOw%ing. Oi' Oats shouild pro 's (e( ed thlis mlonlth. The red rust pr'Of oats have Ieen b:ily killed ot' sev. eral years. but it is well to risk a loit e oI' these is they" Come early anl are v iery heavy. I;tit sow oats of Smile sOr't: and put thlem inl w ell arll ('arly. h' iea t<b> tl)es ibest, on ele: hIand, and 1 you will lind that it pays bctte'r to mnanture well and sow a smiall area rather 1'.:( .sow more on very thin 1:ni'l. two ares, tIhorongbly pre t': nr Ic hihly m:uinan red,. w ill mlake I n1 e ileat t1:u1 six areS putt inl on poor land. 5. 'ood for :tni:nals . ill not. he abundant this wintr. lI order to make what you ihave :nost av:ilable, Iiv"e VOUr' sto)'ck ,<)It :anil comfort-'L able shelter- til lrovide boxes or racks f'Or their l'ootd so none will he was(ted. A muileh COW w'r"i housed n all h1:t11 we'ather will give much10 ii 1. tnOr inilk th1:1n it' left mut, to shiver 1 4 te storms lr1'ilty u) iii the wind. T'he're are o ther' lugge (Stions t.limt nllih he malt. bt:, the wide aw 'ak:e Itr: r, whot, .b1s t. intend to 'ail, w%ill -to to wr!. an rt'dceim the losses emied by :,lhe 'ilk.excessiv"e raina Of the sul)nier'. llanilv 01fort. t.ht' ayin 'in small thin;,s, retrtinelnment of all un , necessary expenses al six fu'll Ilavs work tvery" week will t.hi'o i now life ntto etIul ' (111 tur l'arms. - (t''rol,m Al i ld"rl !s i 'h'Ie'4lIiia e 11 (n \Welnesday last the Stat.e I )ein 1)clalle ex('t'utivt t on1 1 itt'(' m1et inl ' (oluiinlla a !:d af"ter niniieteen ha.1lio1.r et ditorl of 11- .' bheville Mss;enger, l~Iihmbami is ablout thity year's of~ age maiil is a genitlman' of' line abilit.y -id ir dobls ilthe( lposiitioni wit.h credit ,to himself :in] hioiiori to thme State; n neCvCertlss, we tink the coimimittee o0 has per'petranted a high hianded out yrage ini coolly ignoiring the clims of Ct (apt, 11. L. 1Farley, of' Sp)ar'tanurgIi, thLIe seond chice' of a ('nil cohnvyen L,ion, aingiii only' six v'ote's of that r'eceiv,ed by G nrl Mo:tigault, ,he sunccessfulci catntdidti e. We t arec tt a I'loss to mialetrsitnni what hiigher'u en ol dirsem ent miy im:imi 'otubl have C'onventiioi. We' consideri that the Veistd ii ithem byi th(le I )eimiocirati * f'atndbit. it'who (':iuit bief'ore tlieii i ith th e biest ceentials. We hiave no ojcin toli Upt.I'Ici1 Pt3hmn but(l wed bjc oih high-bandedi un-; i Ih demrtepr/ ei)whc a n f''ied a grets wror upo a w!orthyi' geteanwt asn,- iia in imotn.Arwentrit I'i i i a u hi 'o s e e . u j s por cent.. Before the aInalyses we made the farmers purchased large from foreign companies at hi;, priCos, as the statement of pri shows, becatlse the Claim waits In( that they wore superior to our hu pl'odlcts; but when both were sul jected to analytiejl tests, and it wi thot shown that there was no dit' once in their agricultural value, tl prico of all declined alnd the sales our home companies inlcriased; Il total sales increasing from 9'2,() tons in 1880 to 1 l>,()t1) tonls in ISS 'T'ho decline in prices caiot, Ie it tributed to the lower price of cotto because this declinie is only about I por cent., while th' average decl it in the price of commercial feri] zers is 333 per cent. Neither is due to competition, becaluse, a1s a ready shown, the number of ulnum facturers doing business in the Sta in 1885 was less than in 1880. Carrying these figures a litit,l fu thler: It is slowin that ninniiat< fertilizors are $1;3.5) per ion lowv than inl 1880, and alcid pllosp;hta S I 1.60 per ton. If the smallest po sible estimate of the efl'ect of t he d partment's work in loweritg I1 prices is allowed -say SI per tol it represenlts anl atctuatl annu11al sav'in of over $100,001 a year ( $75,000 a year above tie (,i tire expenses of the dep art menii When the department beganl it work, there wats a large uhtrl ' dealers who shipped in sIIail loot - t goods every season, and tlhese nu imres were almost alwalys frauda1 11u The sales atre ?towy pr(aeticaIllyl coni/il to reliable manu ,ie(turers iwh) i;o are rI sponsible f'or their yuwtees. TI department has, therefore, aidlled iu tonally in building up1) a great holn industry, while affording 1'otect,i to the consumers of fertilizers. It is an easy thing to crit icisv, is another to performn. It. is ear to destroy, but difficult to bullill 11 The genttlenei ngalged in I active work of the p )e itn'o have devoted all of their tinw an energy anud whatever of talent tlh may have to making it at benteliI' I the State. If they have failed l their plrposo let the people say s but not until the' have exanined it work, and it should ertain1l v not I denounced up)oI the onlesided char g, of an inlterested individual. In conclusion let mne add that cantunot here enter into it disclussi( of the extra work of the )epartnown but we have published i pamnphl( rully setting this forth, tonl I shn be glad to maiil a 'op)y of it to anly y)jOur readers. A. P. ihrui:i, CJommiissioner of A\gricullinre. Columbia, Aug. 2i, I SS0. A Word to Farmers.1 If the farmers ever nieeded the thinking capls on, now is lhe Limi The year has been dlisastrouts many respects. What prio mised. be a fair wheat crop was cut short, 1 excessive rains anmd the qual ity the grain is poor. Many of bte ont were injured in the fields. In LI middle and lower part of' tle couni there is no corni on t,he low land IIigh upi on the Pacolets wheriae l rains were lighter, there is a het crop on t.he streams. Much of t.l utplandl(s were only half' cultivated consequence of' the excessive raiti From the 4ith of May until the mi dlIe of' August there has beeni L greatest amount oif rain 1tat i fallen in Cr'op Li me withtin the memit of any person 1living. The 'ands badly washed. Even w~here the was broken four to six inches, ti hard clay shows in mnany' placc Broad washes sweep across the fiehl Tcrraces and uplland( (ditches on served to concentrate Vthe water mt make it more eff'ective in wvashing L land. The hay on the str'eamts Ib beeni washedl down and rinnedl wi mud Such is the cond ition of' affai on this the fiIrst day of' S ep temhtV 1886. It is well for1 ,be rersr. look squarely at thiri realt 'ol itio soi as to devise the~ best plani> fort' fture wor'k. A f'ew suggestiotns inui not lbe out oif order. 1.Save all the hay possi ble. A lot the branches and creek.s mauy l'ound1( little patches of' nt iv grass~M. that, if' properly' cured, will ttmi fair' hay. It will bd mnuch beLt thtan paying *1 .25 for N or Lt'rn ha: Then mutch of' thme cr'ah-graiss will< to cut this month. This is prt st rainiung ont the land, but ii civ grood forage. 2. ow rye and batley for pasituI 01nd soilintg. If' your lot is very~ ri, lpnt in barley at the rate of' two three bushels to the acre. 'lThis w comle on early ando will do to e twice and then make seedo. Iltve w Ti FC 14Illlt .Jar's, Both Irass an1d 1 1:1 e, 1;lc't't1. I T''in \-'are, ( 'rockery, ( hiss 111(l \1 0(delnII War l'hai(d 1 O( STO From Twelve to T 1flfin (wd Repairing ofI'Sto SCOT 1."Aa%R.OS UJU P m It( e world",A hest t til;er .(|:t 'i; l g;": 11ii k1"rS:tii1 an v1r till-v 1" il .N S ':a r1 ( rI11< r: I'ilal ::t1 ()1!ll= 111liverel, fr("it:hi lFifI1.1"n <1:ty ' trial. a: 1l frl"ig1t bo1Ith m ittrnc of 1,1u.re 141t 114I:t" N. V L,ocali 1gent4--.. A. Il:nwkilt- l,\e NEW SPRill A I:u-gOL.loc . Cnstreielwh ill (ltat, tno" o r house-" ": 1n comple 1, :t: we (1 afiratil It' enl :tt1 l e foI11 \Irr ll yo rl w :t! ,' tC 4OKtsON ry 1 Zia 148SAR COLt .selected C.1~(UIMI. ING of chioi< and( fresh , uip to the11 lates iy conIsI iing of all Iho.h;ite-t sh; T1ItI'N KS .\\'I) VA 21810 manufetI;I 1lrers' prices, ha:ving' liine of* goods fo r 'enshz at boloin11 t n lIv i 1((w X ( of Ihe hard time.1 Ii at such l ow prce as O' Swill alsto)n of e'very' untu re is of thle lar: dIoubtI (ofII 10-fth mo (Qt skep;Itica mb 148gh pi o.-a. r slebt, O'2OIy aI,( Prescrving Ket,t.les, x t ';. l.UIbl)e's for 1. Fruit .Ja's. ISO e, )l an t ble= Cutlery, Bh'ooms and1( C ast,ings , VES, wenty-Five Dollars. Ves land Tin Wr:le a Specialty. N1eW\"lICI{Y, S. U. ('ry pr1ices,, on t'aSit'.t term'll- of paym(t"11'l. mn(!:-t,l .-tyles to sele'ct from. I11I Houin I 1a:1tuShe1(k, Itttrt & Aricn, I ml+ IIty Stat' Organ-. i,ii all 1 railr(o(I points Sonth . a.-if no. s:ati4factory. Ortler :und fest, s Soltntrn \nsie lluse, .'171 It u. 11 ?1, M,Iatta g-er. (oluthuuinA, S. C. 1hrry ; . .1, Count Peak's. NG GOODS KINDS. ue tl . at 'I% very l,n ll 1 rolit S, <o 11n11-h So Illy se'll for Sti l'I' ('ASlI. So ilon'i he oil 1 argajjin y(on enn go fr omtr Goo<ds House, C oI.1nhbia, S. C. hIt otred this spi in fresh a i ture, orrect1 slyles, g garI1ints e (ver off'eed in any1) \ND1 STIIi\.AW I ATI'S is large S andi& at lowe)~st po ssile prices0:. OODS1) ini thel greatest v'ariety, r, at sacri fice p rics. *A u' i beoleredI this sealson at, bmough1t very lar*gely ini that prIices, I w.Iill g"ive the beneifi t h2 a (let erIniniIed to) sell choice .S, I ItOA DT'1A ILS S UI ITS ih anI y pur icha ser' inl tat line. (2 of the1( cor'set 11ittings, in CveryV Clothes ini SI'HHSUJCKERI, S an bl11. N JI N SU IING(S e.ariety at corsodnl Gii I)D IG NS' (12OTH11 N 11nir <bheip~ftio lof their styles, wi!! be0 oleredl, beCyondC any ( ' (i f \ l lIl (litlI ( I. ilse - nr hpps t bran Columbia, S. C.