University of South Carolina Libraries
NEWBERRY, S; C. WEDNESDAY, APRIL 21, 18;G. PARTNERSHIP NOTICE. We have this day formed a copart nership for the publication of thi HERALD AND NEws and for doing general job printing business, unde: the firm name of A. C. Jones & Co A. C. JONES, W. S. BROWN. April 17th, 1886. RA ILROA D%. We publish on the first page this week a very interesting editoria] ("Columbia's Opportunity") from the Columbia Register, urging prompt action upon the part of her citizens in behalf of the Columbia, Newberry and Lanrens Railroad, and pointing out the danger of being cut off on the south-east by a road from a point at or near Forty one, on the South Caro lina Railroad, to Camden and on to Munroe, N. C., and on the west by the proposed route looking from Orangeburg to Lewiedale. through the fork to Prosperity, and thence to Laurens, Piedmont, Easley, and Pick. ens to Knoxville, Tennessee, and on the north by the proposed road from Roanoke, Va., via. Charlotte, N. C., Yorkville, Union and Laurens, using the Laurens, Greenwood and Au. gusta Road from this point to Au gusta, Ga. If the matter is delayed, it states further, that Augusta is put ting out another Narrow Gauge feeler for Carolina trade, and that every thing is looking to sapping the trade that Columbia must depend on, and closes by saying, that we. must take the lead in this thing, and do it quickly, before the opportunity is gone. We are glad to find Bro. Pope aroused on this important matter, and trust he may succeetd in getting the people of Columbia, to act prompt ly. It behooves us to bestir our selves and choose at once the best outlet that will give us a competing line. We have agreed by resolution to subscribe fifty thousand ($50,000) dollars towards building the Narrow Gauge from Augusta, Ga., via. Edge field C. H., to Newberrv C. 11,, with forty thousand dollars of this amount to be raised by taxation in No. 1 Township and ten thousand dollars in No. A. 8 It might le well for us to decide before voting this subscrip oand where this monetd$ uIs~ be expended, and furtis whether >u the money spent ind is way will bring the largest r$urns, in view of 7 the induceme .sheld out by the friends of other- routes. What New. berr . . ig the best competing Ii that can be had, in time to pre vent the proposed lines north of her occupying the territory from which she expects to build up her enter prises. Will the Narrow Gauge do this? We are afraid noi. In the jfirst place, it would have to fight the Clyde Syndicate, and we fear that this Syndicate would force it to terms e rcarry all the freight except the local freights along the line between Augusta and Newberry, and then we could not hope to get any of Edge. field's trade, as they would ship to Augusta, and in place of increasing Q'he business of Newberry, it would r. drift along the line until the bulk would be dumped over into Georgia; and then, too, should the new road be built across the country via. Clin ton, Cross Hill, to Greenwood and ofugusta, we would lose another strip ofterritory which should be brought to Newberry. It seem,s.typtdH Newberry and Laurens Railroad and tap the South Carolina Railroad at Columbia or Lewiedale that we would gain what we most need, a powerful competing line, and keep our trade at home and in our own State. and if the friends and those who have interests along the route would go to work at once and complete the road to the North Carolina line, in place of feeding another State, we would have distributed in the counties through which the road would run. trade coming from all along the line. thereby bringing business into our State, instead of carrying it out. We should rememnber how the building of the Air Line took our trade away * from us. The Green,wood,Laurens and -Spartanburg road has also affected us, and if another road is run across the - country between Newberry and Lau. ren s, we shall suffer again. There fore, lose no time in laying hold of the best inducements offered, and go tc work and build the road. If, afte: * careful consideration it is determined to build the Narrow Gauge, let it be understood that the subscription vote shall be expended in Newberry County. If it is decided that the Columbia, Newberry and Laurens is the ,best investment for Newberry, let the people of every Township join the people of Newberry and Pros perity in the good work already done and build the road to Coiumbia, if she will subscribe a good round sum: or to Lewiedale, if Columbi appears the least indifferent. New berry and Prosperity can afford tc increase their subscription s to carry it wo Lewiedale, as they would gel trade from the dutch-fork whici would go to Columbia if built to Co lumbia. For the HEP%.) AND NE-wS. Gar Te'ruer- and the Tarirf Undoubtedly one of the newest burdens and most serious grievances our farming interests have to labor undJer is ur p.resent exorbitant tar iT. Th1e Committee of ways and - means of Uhe House of Representa tives in it: recent report recommend ing some redactions in the tarif1, wita important additions to the free list informs us that the present aver age rate of duty on mportations is -7 per cent. ad vaore. That is to say. the farmer while havi:: no protection on what lie produ-es ::d has to sell, has to pay on an avere 47 cents on the dollar on nearly every thing he has to buy, more thau ie would have to pay without the tariff. But even this enormous rate of 6uty. higher perhaps than that of any otier coun. try, is not a full measure of the injus tice to our farming interests from our present tariff; for while .17 p:r cent. is the average duty, many aticles of prime necessity to the for:ier have still higher duties. Let us look a little into particulars. Wi-en the farmer buys cotton- or woolen goods of any class or kind lie has to pay from 65 to over 100 per cent. duty. His clothing costs him from 40 to 60 per cent. His wife and chillrerns dress goods 64 per cent. L goods 50 per cent; furniture 50 per cent. glass for his windows 6$ per cent. flannels and blankets protect himzIf and wife and children against wint.r's cold cost him 65 per cent. ad ditic al:and soon through the lon(g list of ali,-ost every thing lie has to buy. Every-thing is loaded down with this enormous tax. -Neither his food nor his wearing apparel, nor the imple ments with which he cultivates his crops or sends his produce to market is free from it. There is no escape from it. And what makes it still worse is that it is imposed in a way i that we do not perceive it, except by the void in our nurses. It is a silent theft, so to speak, on almost every thing the people have to buy. Let any farmer keep a careful account of all he has to buy during the year, an<L at the end go over it with a taritrta-bie in hand and he may calculate ap proximately at least, the sileiIt tax lie has had to pay by reason f a pro tective taritL. The effect of a .ro tective tar;: is to make the rich. richer at the expense of the great majority of the people, and to build up powerul and dangerous monop olies by a huvy tax on the consum ers. It has been estimated that about. four-.iftlis of our people are eiter poor or of moderate means 'and that these are heavily taxed through the tariff for the other one fifth who pr-olit by it. 1 very much doubt if every one fifth of our pop1 ulation profit byV protection. But admitting the estimate of cry ing injustice of the system is manifest. Our farmers compilain, and very justly, of our heavy State taxation, and it is to be hoped that measures may be inaugurated at the convention in.Colum bia next week to relieve them to some extent. But this tax is, in reality. very much less than the insidious tax imposed upon our people through our protective tariff. But tile one is imposed di rectly, so it is felt by every one, while the other is imposed so we do not perceive it so sensibly. Our State and county tax or just one per cent. I believe, amounts to less than1 one dollar per head of our population, while the tax imposed by the tariff amounts to over $3 per head of the entire population of the country; over 811L000,000 last year. This is only the amount received by tne govern ment. But it is very far from repre senting the entire amount of the bur-1 den'imposed on the people by pm ' tection. While the government gtets $8,000,000 revenue from the tariff, the protected industries get a v-ery much larger sum. A carefully pre pared table before me shows that these protected industries gained c;eased cost of home products by reason of the tariff. This would be $11 per head of the entire popula tion of the country according to the last census. Of this amount the iron and steel industries got over S120, 000,000, and the woolen industries over S106,000,000. And who paid it? To a very large extent our farm ing interests, who in return get no protection. Thus we see that while our State tax amounts to less than $1 per head, the tax imp)osed by our tariff amounts to over $14 pe head of the entire country. Would it not beu well for our farmers, assembled in conve.ntion in Columbia, to consider certain State grievances, to giv e at ittle aittention also to the still greater National zrievance, and to express themselv~es in such language as w~ould rive a mnore deflnite policy to somie of ouir wavering congressmenl? I w 'ouldI not wish to distract attentionl fromn tie important matters that Ca'pt Tillman will no dloubt lay beWfre the conventio)n. But I believe no ques tion is more important to our farmn ing intereste and no burden more op pressive than our present tariff. I therefore hopie the convention will find timn- to pass a resolution strong lv condeCmniflg it. mnd urging con ~ressmen to use their best elforts to get it reduced as much as p)ossible consistent with the requirements ofj government revenue. B. 0. D. Thursday, April 1th. 1s 11n Ielena, at thec residence of the 1)id ' mo: her, by Rev. E. S. Lupo. 31r G. W. A. d'Neal, of Fairfield, to '4.-- Alice . Sk iih n an. L ist of letters unchtiied and' advertised Anton .n enry*. Iltp iX .~ L.11(hV'-' ffl Grad .1. i Gana: er Peter *n~ it'Il Gii allin rio h~.lter ilpe~ .lns, thtthini ee .vvtso: Kenneriy. E. (coP.'d) TEACIIERS' DEPARTMENT. C. W. w-LCH, A. 3.. EDITOR. Teaehin-- Reading. During the day. at different time and different places, we heard-well perhaps one hundred children read 'Not on% poor reader among them all In one case we heard ea0h child in certain room read. So distincti: were the words spoken that we los not the sound of one. That the chil< had a thorough understanding o what he was reading was evident b, his placing the emphasis upon jus the word in the sentence which woul( bring out the meaning plainest. Thi inflection was varied and the voici was pleasant throughout. As the reading was the best wi had ever heard from any children we began to look about for the cause One lesson which we heard gave u! an insig-ht into the method of con ducting a reading lesson in one, a least, of these schools. The clas. numbered twenty. Each child stooc beside his desk, in the middle of th( aisle, facing the teacher, when w< entered the room. They had n( books and were repeating from mem orv some lines which she had giver them. To berin with, the teachei was a good reader. She recited th( lines and then asked the class to re eat after her Lhis much, "Ye bells ir the steeple, ring, ring out you changes, how many soever they be.' The result was not satisfactory; they were 2vidently imit3ting her, parrot, like. Then a short talk ensued aboul he church, and the steeple, and the ells, until the idea was fully im ressed. "Now, children," said tlhe teacher, 'can you see the bel6s? Now talk ,o them." So ffly were the imagin ations at wofk, that as they repeated -Ye beis,- etc.! once more, the eyes verd directed upward as though the teeple and the bells were really visi >le. The result was most happy, rhe tone was different, the reading ncre natural in every way. They vere not only giving the words of he author, but were actually talking, ach to his own imaginary chime of >Olls. When this exercise was concluded, he class was directed to sit down nd take reading books. They were o read a piece entitled "The Radi te." Before a word was read, the irst paragraph was discussed. Upon he desk the teacher had placed some ~tarfish and other examples of radi ate animals. The children were sent o find these and exhibit them to the lass, and they were talked of until t was evider't the class had a clear dea of the animal they were to read bout. Then the hard words in the ~aragraph were explained, after rhich the children were told to read he paragraph to themselves and see f they understood it. Then one child read it, the teacher aing, "Now, Mary, remember you ).re not reading it to yourself. but to is; we have no book and you must ake us understand it."' Each para ;raph was taken in the same way. After hearing this le sson, we con luded that if each teacher in the :ity, beginning with the lowest grade a the primary school, was as careful hat her scholars thoroughly under tood every sentence which they read Ls this teacher had been, it was no onder that the reading % as decidedly tio1L ri C___iO rit.-tin "The overcoming of isolation it Lhe multitude of particulars, by gashes of identity, is the progress o: ur knowledge in one direction; it is the satisfaction that we express whet e say we understand or can accouni for a thing. Lightning was account d for when it was identified with th4 electric spark. Besides the exhila rating surprise at the sameness o: two in their nature so different and. emote. men had the fo"ther satisfac tion of saying that they learned wha ightning is. Thus by discoveries o identity we are enabled to explair the world, to assign the causes o things, to dissipate in part the mys teriousness that everywhere sur rounds us."-B.uxN. "Mental science enlarges tha teacher's notion of education. b: showing him what a complex thing: human mind is, in how many waysi may grow. how many influences mnus combine for its full exercise, and hos variously determined is its growtl by individual nature. It lurnishe him with wide principles or maxim which, though of less immediat practical value than the narrowe rules gained by experience, are a ne cessary supplement to these." -Sum.L "Man is a living force, a fountai of ideas. The organs of the phys cal frame correspond to those of hi mind, and are parts of the sam equiment. HIe bas two arms, an hands, and eves, and the conceptio of power without them is weaknes Thoughts are demonstrated by deed~ and the hands and arms are the it struments which redeem this weal ness, and give us the idea embodie in expeience."-MaARAITIrUR. A. ABTACT OF T5f m . OF COL. .%. P. i'T1:. . Delivered at the Fourtee .': %%es.-don of thle sa a:-i C harles.ton. M. V.. (:n J( : ru:m-y 3rd ::i: . Iw. The State Deptmin: . : wa; createda t the r(gal:r - : :h Le'i-lattuire in 1'7'. :011 w4:r- or:e ill lS'0. It coinsi-'n of a , : [! : i :n missioner. Tw w f .ie nv:l C Board and Comu- iot r :,% the Legi4lalmre; al - N h te G Se:A . the 3aser of the S't. - ( rm. :W n i :. 1 'resident of the .%gr5in!01rn\:! 3- f: chianlical Societ y are. ix ii, - I -mb. The specihie dies withh Wl th- - piten t is elarged are: TYm c. A0i.5m of a ricultuiral statintic; and I nI. I tion; the inv(ftigati o ,' I' - - lating to agricumltr%, anl i:nennn.' for Immigration and apital;li-a I-h i tration of land; for nab R the Ma th distribution of sevik; tIS cAlIKI W specimiens of wood,1. a iiur l r duts and minerals: the prop :lwi of m fish; the Supervi-ioln of the rigil :n " interests of the State in the p-'o--pli deposit-; the analyni4 of coniier-l - tilizers, Water and mninvr:lz n, : ,l!w e! letion of tle tax on col lialfe:11' m zers. The Ipartmeit i- suplirl e elusively by the tax fif tv.vlt;ly-live eisn per ton paid by dealer in vo:n:erin 1 mannres for the privi-g- of -:*; 1;. A good!z inll South Car-olina. Vrio)- I, - tablishmlent of the Ae-rm:: f. riculture, ti-Se u1:lts a 1 - tion tax to a Sta 0 in11 p4 ,f r t and now this flmd th:t wao W i rly paid tho inspect or. i- ii d o r-t! the work of the Ieparne:n \ t\ A - - ture. There are no pitli-he 1 r Showing the anmouAmt oK h : dUring the arrang-eent ex'ingb the Departimet of Ariia:r w:' ' - rtablished, but e-timating Ir uplt lil shipment Uof fRrilizer it am ,unt 1 *87,000 for the eighi year- froI 7 1S79, inclutiAve. Thw wnly b nlwei people re-ceive(d from thw tax wa'- thv . spection of conin,rcial fort ii. ThP statements are lade to !haw ,th h imposition of thi, tax and, No 1iM i u i the creation of the Deptiment of \ - culture has not added to th- ji commercial fertiliz:rs or mre ' taxes of the people. From 187: to 1S79, the sur4 rv-wm the phosphate terrtory wa, mado und r. the el.a'geIof a phosphate i;1w-tor' wo was paid a comimisgion on all rnA Ir moved, deducted from the royuliyr ceived by the State. During tlis ppeod P of eight years, the State r!v,iv- :.27. 665, and the inspector wa paid 2%10. ; Y1 leaving a net balaie o 0e;- tkh:m 15 4, 000. When the Department of Agiridu ture was created. this Wlice ia;I4 ab i?41d, and the Board and C 'inuni*1-it::r authorized to employ an aoimm-l 1 nti4 I hll, phosphate department. to be imid 't V! the fertilizer tax. Since thi 1hgu was made. less thal .ix y-ar ao t! royalty has aioun-ted to -772,1: a 1 of which has gone into tli S:.e Trea ury without any dediution.ll . t. (- " penses of eollection beiln paid frl thi. tax on fertilizers, whicli forn-ly w. into the pockets of the inflividaliI. Th! Department of Agriculture has paid 1it 1' for all the expenses of suplviniting thv phosphate interests in 1lhe 1;-s iN year's. $21,038, inchling Qi.nk0 experNss A1 litigation, leavinig a in-t co)t * ofzt uer vision of -S13,2,', fo fir six yr w 4. and a collvection of nemly0 1-mu,m@ a, -b( against a co.t of nvarly HU4 . hifr AIn- r collection oif 8500,(000 . li,itheefore.tin- 4 expenscs of this departn-n1 lt had be li' deducted from tile Itlootilt C !Ie:t. !n which. as alrea y e'xplained,~ it wat- lit, it is shlowni that 1114' Statei wouhil hav ' been greatly belnelitr'' 1y the1 h:m; --* inasmucIh as the expenses weret les, tha n'1 half whalIt they'4 w4er' und4er tin- oh! an agement.* It hlas been saiid ithat tis woritk slhI b i be performed by tile Comlpt roller Gent eral, in:asmutch as it coniisits. pr1 it '4! in tile collection of taxe-. But th4i ia tmistake; theC d1epartliem i. charzgd with lii the developnment of the4 St:tl'5 resourc'ies -t and in supervisinlg this intereset, it is not Only developing tile nattral r'esour'e- (4 the State, but, at the saime time, rali' its revenuel. 'Tile royalty now rceie 14( '4 0I exceeds the proceds realized by tie Iu levy of onie mill of State taxes, andti there. is every reason to suppose thatt it eann be ( still furthler increaised by .iniio inn- ' 4"' agement. The D)epalrtmtent of Agriul I . ture does not collect tis royahy;V Itiso paid dircCtly4 intio tneO State'''" Tr*ur.' The only ceflctionlth D11 par~lit m111t ii Agriulture ha:s w4ithl it is ti Ie lh: 1 tt It i. thi pid. It is a'ppliedh to thle orinartyex penses of tihe Stati' goverinenlitt, and1i1 taken inito conside'r:t ion every year by4' the Compltr'oller' Genera Cin1 1: main 11up I his estimate of the amounlitt 1:.0 .-ary '4to' be raised for tile Supplort oif the ( -r ment. No pairt of 111i- riyh a Ir been used to 141et aily part 0of ti;ex pnses ot theC Deparmentt of ..grical1 ' ture, on tihe conltr:t-y, thei cot of ,li-et v 'isil the COlleei' ''4-,. fromt theo.~.1 appropripi:ted fo th tup t -gort of the depart mint. - No more impIjortanIt w4ork i' iupo ed . upon the Department o' .\ "rou"are t-t than that which requires th' anal:1 4 commercial mnanureso. 1114 u-e 01 thlla fertilizers is 50 e'xtenive' Ill the Staite,~ that it is not atn exaggieration to) -ay tha t our agricuiltutral produin del 1'nd l mcre upon1 thle qulity' of114 1 th arid -.1 ids than upon01 any othIer om11 ti: The annutal r'eport containis tablis h-ll'. ing what was gultaanteed, (t::d ihi 114u 1 also be branded on ever'iy p):t4-kae1) andl alongside of thlese gu1aratee'4, is 1411 il the analysis of the decpartm1ei14. shi.n1 at a glance whtich brandlt4 ha:ve u taned their gu'rantees antd a hi':h have4 fallen below. The farimer's (:111 samon-It these tables before purIcha ing an1 . e only those brands w4'hich have4 bee kept ip to the stanidardl. Th'le .h1 arnt 1 has a thorotughly equ1i44w'd lilboratory 'in chage of at complietenit ohmt. wi 41 o whole timle i5 givenl 1to thil work. :n IO' hI is prep'lared 1not only to mak 414 m::nym ~'of ofiicial samllples of f1r:1liz4r1 h1 o minllerals, wa4lters, &ci.. lIrt f eb1rg.It -fertilizers iln the coiintry4 after lo- ht',ii' have passed outt of tlnhqi oi14 ii man -ufacturers, and b4e'4ondl inelr le'' :oi 4' chagie or alter inlntl wy and '4ii- " lieved thlat this is tie only w:,y4 in wh4 h '1 full julstiCe cant he d1one1 th l' n4-4 Sdeal'r as well as tile con44mnerl. 1Th4 4 .salres are ail ldrawnvl 1)" 'Ii ige't , agenit. .a'llingt tile fertilizer. :a'i :h14h' ter' cer1tihles that the ale4(s Iae iuly t tare theni muniibereCd :111 0ent 1(o the ('hem1 ist who analy4ze. them,11 and1 re'rt the5 I result of hlis ana1ly'4i5 4 tohe depatmtlt: by1 the numbtlher. Hei does' not knoth'e : s bi'nd of the ferntilI iz:'r norI byt wh4om,1: been suibmtittedl. e Dring the six y'ar's 5tince t hie -t 1 - isment of the D)eparutnmet of A r o tre, the enltire Cost 4f the' anlt 'I l - work has been 82,842 The ha14r1 tory' is a prae nea-EE dea:tmenlCt hlas f'1rn4ishtedi tZ I t' - mautfacturers'5 4' with114ut etra etnarge. '1This seetned to be reqired4 by l't'" anti no question wa4lS ri':i='d iln re'gard to~ it. Dedulcting the co0st 41 1tin in ip he s laboratory ando th e cost of 11he tag . the analytical work ha:t onl c'4 4 814--~1 The ti' partmenCIt ha:s m:1l 4 ' nalyth . I T he cost, therefore, exc',l'ive oft thi aboratory, hais been a bout als e ch.i T4hi it must~be utnderstood, lIinlude thte -1r . . vices of the chlemliSt, the co-t of chiemi cals, the expense of draw.t'ing' theo 'imles.' and1( all other expenIse- conne1t1d ihere - witi, except the amiounlIt 4taid f " th' . laboratory andlagi Under' the 1I'ecor1 i of ' It ities lad exceeded $57.0)00i, excliI-i' 44f ,., . alld tile anlalyses were14 contined" to limited number tha:t wvere 'reCtr pubised, and were oftenI n1:4l from411 .am.les drawn at the colnmam'e= worik. ini .idito tlom prtection afforded :s:me:- of eirtilizers by the -official .thtdpartmenQt can, with t:-: ha= by these an e, n ff gnrat benefit to the S in c.r wavs. I I1880 the .i s -old only 57 i-rtilizir- used in this .5 ti -ir had increased 71 i-r . of ti tetal consumption. wver'- :h 1p.rice: Of ammoniated r:ii 0- in 1. w % 4:.50. and of acid h:a :!. These prices had - li to A30 f--r amimoniated r:-i; filr* acid plospliate; a 1n- , Jin e prioe of fertilizers of 30 -r-m . :uli ,1 :.7id : per cent. Be vwere miade the farmers ''n -e.:"-- r-' I'fromn foreign compa :h-: ie a the statement of ei 'h wV. we:t-e the claiii was h iy were superior to our imi. r i1)b!: v when both were sub ate to:maytialte-4t:, and it wasi tn -howni hat there was no difference w :rint'UIur:; value, tie price of I det:liaii -i ti- sales of our home he:- uinr-asid: the total sales in :1ain:: fron !;2.)).) tons in ISSO to 115, I toni- in 1.-S5. t u '-'1 th De)partmeCnt of Agriculture :!n (: xhilition of the resources and dti [I the State at the Atlanta -,''itn ani although it was under enl wiioti the time necessary for -1!(11,1-a:a ion. it was said to have .-.a r:diiti:e (-xhtibition. The State m wh ome of the principal tl-. o thf il Sothr ad West, and was :.. , 4- e1ond nremium for its a, l:p. This aw.rd furnished tile valne of the exhibit as : witi hose of other States. i- ......n..t expended in this work So:I C-iraina'i exibit at the New '-xi,bi ion wa (iniversally pro mo- wne o-f tihe largest and most cdiections brought to th'.-r hv any o; thTe Statei. It con i. u 'ttie n s ofour natural resources m iietured proIlcts. It was :I by lirvctloti of the Legislature, wa10 was app>ropriated and ex n for thl- purpoe. It require ,Ily thv i:ne time of the Commis 0n r and br. asi-taut for about one l:r io:k-thik coll-ction, place it in a :md maintain it there for m h At both (if these exposi >. mniutrI'u- docunments relating to S::te wer' distributed. and the re It !a alre.fir been to attract atten m to otr State arid her undeveloped -,rWDs :aw 1 advantages. ih ai! of tit tanial reports of the de rti;nt full statistieal statements have 4-n -1mitteil. showing the area and -id of tihe va.iou- crops, and the num r :i c value of live stock in the State, rlpiil by e department through its .11 or';t!,iz:-l eotps of county and town '.ite.o!;!t:-its. The act creating It ptmentOr roqiired the County Ii iir to il otit all blanks sent from ' ciprtinwt; but this was tried for V!n:1Yr :!( ahailoned because it was ; iinrticable. but the Auditors 're tai.! 1.i for the work performed. -; tiii-. t-211 was paid for the sta : ork in 1 , making a total of .i:2 Thr htas been rio other expend ltr(-4!r,.t:ti-ties be-ides the cost of imig bik arid tire postage on the' rts 0f 1*-rre:p0N(dents. These ex . ia1a inlivied in the general ex !,it tre fr Printing and postage. .- Woric of the dtpartmentexpand it hw:nw evidieit that it could not ti,factipy ;rformied in the small tm, Wnii ed as offlices in the State it-. it wais mi tessary to have room ra :hotr'atiry. for offices and for the toler ditpla ofrx thre products of the ::e. whiihl the law requtired the de i nt: t~ l.a andrt exhibit. [t was eiled't to putrchase a buiilding suitaible r allt io- purpo-es, and having sufti it roomr for agriculturral conventions ii all the netred- otf thre department. chi a huribling was iound in a good lo tion on .Maina street, in Columbia, and t. ouight inr 18s3. The price paid was 5.i;8.0001 eashr. anid the balance in nual:i instalmenits. One of these in rin.mt ha;s beenU paid and the bal te wxiill bl aid thle p)resenit year. iwrie hast br'en paid (out for repairs $7, 3;. pari paymrernt and interest on de credtjr pamtrt.t. 811.770, and for in r:e... ni5,akinig the total to date I."14. Thiere is still dire on the build I o4,50 .ind interest for one year at ihr cet., x whiih addled to the amount :lettxp1ended. wvill make the total -t 01 the' butilding, repairs and in r:nc 2!)2. The architect wvl it (in chrg 0f the rep)airs Lstim ed at he vaitlu of this property was'3, rincludtin' rthe value of the lo/ yh H:un.l-book of South.a~rolina is arte asl one!~ of tlido~st valuable bti l1:utns isiued-"lw any State. It -n' prthe by.:'( co'n pctent compiler i'"it"t t.='-'ally for this work, and cii ge on it for nearly three ar-: nd h:ali tin- assistance of some *.r'ibe-t writers ini tire South. Its Etpihaon arid thte printing of 5,000 pie, ith the geological maps which !ifound ,in tin report, and 1.000 geo atpica'l rmaps, cost 812,612. This book ht.'etnx widlv distribuited in tire United. :u eri an iNrope. It has no doubt lei maiterilly itn maintaining the < ii o1 thi State by showing the rii f or pteople to meet their pub -I obtigat ion-. In addition to this ,ktit-deprtmient hais issued over I)ni) n mrnthly retpor'ts at a cost of .23. awIt lovetr 30.000 other publica ,S. at a cost of $1,179. These have 'ei dlevotedi more especially to agri ittra m:at i irs, anil hra e been dis itettd largelv in tire State. Thet itp;t r't nient (of Agriculture has i>roprted:iit $1.8i00 the ptresent year, to wottirgept prciic:rl experiments in to eenenhrein (each county inthe :i '. Fatrm'rs htave been appointed maethe'- tests. and. furnished with .si:itforrmatitn &c. S. This amounts tie- es::abilahmient of experimnentail :ttt tin ':wh' county, anti will secure r''rent,-l tihan if the work hand been r aee rty one section. It is roed to t'tnlinre these experi -mit'l c n r1p. buit to increase the mnherr i- thi fimit of tire department -rttiEr- f:rr-mier mnakingr thtese cx -iment i bt. furrni-hecd with ther imtr i:n rainI gauges, and they i'Xma it' btily reports of tire daily m.,1; ttn of h wethier. Tire meteoro -0e'' iat: obainetd fromi these reports I..h 'i: valuit hereafter. * * * lor ie 1irtumr. xm> NEwS. a xeiii untte. I:w of 'ae leadlingr arguments, for the oru.-:it of r:tilroads is "to develop ew setion 1)1 of counittry." This is cer <inl crri't. The tintg most to be m ii l)e a h usiness that any rt inlair route would give. The pru ''at mranitt always selects tire loca (in tham ltromnises him tire most custom r. 'The. or sirmilarr considerations 5:;ii' ::lu a's c:ontrol in locating a line rl.. ht wIeen given points. In ti maittudle (If nounise], there is xx!tob widomi, hence we would pre mne to -ruggest rthat tire proposed road iltr m ohnh ia via Newberry to Lau -n .- o.t!d be ran on ai line not hereto -r .0 oit of. After passing Spring 1i1 a few tiles, the route si'vnld be ract miore to tire east and ear hie C tltumbia wagon road to Pomaria, bin .-till follow tihe wiagon road for a ni:te or xwt unitil Cannon Creek is 'thed. th .- rup the valley of that ir.':tm. witWit cormres within three miles Ntew herryi. a giotd tevel route all the ::x. Thtis same rorute from Pomaria .';Fjokent of arnd hand marny friends a he c; reenville and Columbia Road .;t bin survered. We are not aware that any particular s 0eun ; e0*: has a pre-emption on the locati. -f 1: road, if ever located. Then why should Poinari:, an.: N< 10 stand back and no- make a:i e r: secure the route. There no tow:. in the-county bettei :11'! nonv t has more enterprisin mi r-. w beautiful and fertile sril. P1n,i:: in-: chants are enterprisiu ti:ey e a*.i the money if they deire to il) Sl. Some migit say there i-nz : e i t make an effot t. th, road i :-. 1 1 to Prosperity. This i; y no m-:. the case. Roads unti:d!y ..lw money. If Prosperity e:.i raise most "material ail" then it i..- :a the road. Poima ria and Nos. 10 ::o I can raise all the money netlei. . t": Pomaria route should be tak.-n -,t' h-oa would come all the way tNi overnew and rich terrirtry. if ':.. vom: by Prosperity there will b - over -i miles of road that will be ctipl-ti ilr] run along by the sid' c' the (;reenvill and Columbia Road, :wl u il ;ever l) one cent profit. - These are mere e Lt "founded on facts." T:e i' w r :it, good one, over gool entr.:v.:na that would prove a g cui ti r road. There is not a It r ion country in the cown:,y th!. ' h valley of Cannon Creek. V' !w see Pomaria awake and loo to - i! terests in this imiatter. A! t will be with you. and pi-t \ . 1! CANNON CEE'1 . OBITUARY. MRS. 31ARY E. NI)L" 'as har December 13th. 183~-.4 4i t e et odist E. ChurCjj-othif. i: 1<1: unit in marriago-with Tlio-. F. Ili nwn i 1851kiedat her home in Newberry, S .~ March 16th, 18s. Such is the brief recril f a :' which the graces and virtus of a nobl! self sacriticing and conquering wonin hood were illustrated; and he swev characteristics of a CIasteIeI. eoil':in and consecrated spirit, which lived onl: to comfort and bless others, were eN hibited. The home of sister IIarmon was ev. the welcome retreat of in'nister4 of th Gospel, and all that heart coul dtvi *:Se or hands do for them. was with her luxury and delight. She loved her church and the pll of God. In the sanctuary v.S the feas of her soul, and at home she woil] con verse upon the comforting ani instrne tive portions of the word to hvrown ai the edification ot the home circle. N, toil, no sacrifice, no gift in i!r powe was too good for, or ever withh!eld fron the necessities of Zion. She ovl I-e pastors. In all their afillictions .ht wa afflicted, and she rejoiced in thwir re joicings. The poor foind a frie:ni 1 her cheerful cont ribut ions to their wai She indulged in no iincharitzbl or i:: kind feelings; but ever made tlue allow anees for the frailties of human natir For some time the ii-iiiots ;rralilin of disease could be d1-tecteil ain, th anxiety of loving hearts w 'a1rou-ed The home and the associntions tf yvar were broken up. anti the b:ilim atmao phere of the land of fruit- :i 11aw was sought in hopes of arrestini t h- aT, proach of the destroyer; but s-h w-r the yearnings of her heart for he :Irmt and associations of chiihoo.1 a ir! m turer years that she retuirntedt to pa: !o remaining years uamong thot-e ilen an: surroudintlgs. IIer SYmton b rt: l:m l alarming; the family physiciain wa caled in, and, after a careful ex:omnt u ion, he revealed the sadi fact iih::t s was alliceted with heart dli-e-c, :inr' 1: but a few months to live. ~'" aimn at afraid to die,'" was her <:alni and .,wee reply. Fromn that moment her :uti<iet. in herself vanished, and. she bece:ite :1h sorbed in the interests of hi.r hiusbani and children. At midnight tihe mess.'ngr c.amei Lyng in the arms of her htusband. s lifted her hand and said: "I em yonell Dear Jesus receire my~ spiril," ai d ist.mt ly her spirit torok its tiiighr. May God comfort the hearts of th sorrowing ones left behind, and grant happy re-union in the "swteet by antd by. New Advertisements AMERICAN CLAY, 1R, This fine Kentucky St llio'. iih' pol erty of the Ne'wberry S-tot'ik~ :eler. Association, w ill mai<e hitt- :i' at the Stables of J. 1). nih The superior qinalities .ef . Anwt c. Clay. Jr., are prov'ed byx hi'i t"o eu this~and ad.ioining coutis. Americanl Cly, Jr.. ie0o the cel(br: eit Clay family of horses, con,ired Ill best that K~entucky afrords. $15 to insure colt. EXCELSIOR- -JACiE The Newberry Stock Bret der-' A s< ciation have purchause'd a soplwr'or he': tucky Jack, which will stand this ,ea o at the stables of J. D). Smtithi. :tiil serv a limited umber of Iinres. a to it sue colt. His pedigree maiy he -te * i the stables. NOTICE. OFF'ICE: OF BoRtAtD 0: IIEA;L'T. 21-t A pril. is'. Notice is hiereby' gitven it hat : li pig :e of dimensions le-s ilu 2t) h:: -I leo.t a prohibited within the corl(ortte iiuin: Ne berry, S. C., from thw I Mt tar < May until the 1st dayV of t)etter. I S By order. .J. S..l'AI R it mt a' WANTED - LADPI ! "j", !" her own locality an old fuir. Riefere'ncesr quired. Permanent posit in intd ott'i edL:tr GA & BROS.,1 I' Darelay St. N. Y. -1i If you have Dyspepsia, tthen mt itm Kd: or Urinary Complain.t. or~t i ot re o'. with any disorder orfli thean.t.e: bowels. blood or nerves you e:.t n s .1 in PARKEt'sTONIC. It1SCOC (t Nt.1 M t'ua per week can be c:lu:ly a e o1 to painting; no eanv tm i !o particulars. plea:se wtttidre"'t one tit' CENT ART COMPANY. Vt' Cetral' 'r-. Boston, Mas Jox 510. 4' 1ANESS Its Causes and Cure. b Jyars Treated by miost ortt he ot a cilssof the day~wit h no b*t'i. C:. himself in three months. 'tw! -n. it: hun dreds of others by same prouts Aet - : simple and( suiccessful hiome . ir:t dressT. S. PAGE,1-2$ Enet:tht City. 1: CON SUkE *e th .. o ca---r I'. t . . Establsed F Y ITakes the lead: does not en:oC h.": decay like shinales or tar enip'n w:a - strongand drabt"- a hotf ta'M i1 - gyg..T[TU.T1 So IC Co..t. CA Rl'PE i' ant hi double the wrar of Oil Ci"h'. F REE. W.i.k IA -TED ....A expeien(e' our CELEBRIATI)CIGA Xl: 'ro '-in ling other lines of goosmai Cto'neett would find it very reiunertivte. Addt N ~W YORK AND HAVAN4ACltA CO' V 3,000-PAIRS OF SHOES-6,O00 Vel.irU ~l . Wehrr to l-at in en(orSemeut S.)U0-.PA I RS OF SHOES-8.000 h. -ohl in 1 t. nd a pair free to every one wiO cftn griamble. What an offer WILL TRE PEOPLE THINK of thi*-Qu1ality and 1rice-vital thoughts T c o 1bCttr .oC for -1l.25 than there is at Cline's. T o h,et'cr Shoe for 81.50 than there is at Cline*s. imr' 5 no better shoe !or $1.75 than there is at Cline's. iiere's no better Shoe for 42.00 than there is at Cline's. There's no better Shoe for $2.25 than there is at Cline's. There-s no better Shoe for $2.75 tban there is at Cline's. Theres no better Shoe for -3.00 than there is at Cline's. T -- 1 everth : and a :-aving of 5)c. a pair to all, if you will only buy nr -1ee, in Clines -ind there's no better Shoe anywhere, at any price. Ve ::Ve orered u twenty-ive (25) more pieces 15e. Dress Ginghams to sell for .-n clol- ab-ollutely fa-t. You can tell your friends so. moreover. that they "Comie where the rippling waters flow, Where grow the lilies white as snow. t , Where sports the buck and mountain doe." nvitations arc not worth a cent. But Come where Cline's pretty W 0 R S T E A-D S are Brin?Z with vou vour cousins. auits and ma i wor:h 1:) eint, to von all.bwcauze 100 cents can be saved on every dress. I v;f h:il come at first to Cline's inste:ad of trying to find in half dozen stores a ~a znever. II:1nt to be founid there, precious time could have been saved. oin.wea:nn:i trking a shirt won't make it !it. Don*t curse ; don't swear; - o't j1.k:bt eom to Cline's :uid get i perfect litting Crown Shirt for 90c.. -w 111 iItta bM .achini-210: linen. . I.The iinoe-t line of w hite goods, enbroiderie:, handkerchiefs, gloves, domes . in m eit,. and] ait LOWEST OF PI-ICES. 0olored Kni iti Ynrn in IIank. B. H. CLINE. 1 : tt NEWBERRY. S. C. EIW SPiN GOODS - OF ALL KINDS. A a -tock just received which will be sold at very small protits, so much so tIat no 4)ther holuse can compete. as we only sell for SPOT CASH. So don't- be afraid to call and see for your-self what good 1;argains you can get from - Jackson's Cash Dry Goods House, Columbia, S. C. . KPART & CO. FRESH FISH AND OYSTERS 6T 1. Arriving every day by express at Cl1-11L EiTO.N, S. C. I T ,Che la er of Frit in the South.in the IIA'LLleTaIwelllOelected Iunt. offor lorZ:1! a wel! slet Orders promptly tilled for families, Smek o -and delivered in any part of the city A re-:X,O .ES, free of chirge. BANANAS, COCOANUTS. LI-.ONS. NUTS, N'LlED FIG S. RA IS.N-s, POTATOES. CA.BBAGES, Alo oil hand, and sold at reasonable prcs e.ithier by thw ton or barrel. ONIONS AND PEANUTS, We will :lSO keep o2 hand a sufficient An- everything else that a First Class Tuantity of Wh-ole-le Fruit 11ouse should have. (Ciountr.v ordes le with dispatchi.Y ;.-22-GmnC V3 MI WIZ V- TM y.R I TPockety anedowabaletheutrreryd ~'COLI ACINALHPS NAs CNon DEand , an Col ~a easnab. pcether by thl manoactrreflo. Wed w - ill Saw Mills ohand al ufficin ofuantitiy or i rnadBas L.;Jll~JIToE maesulatestw and ide surond in ury.adSatoaySta n gia s.I~ciW.o :II. kinds protly J-:wdNewhery,oScC., NEARUNioN D IAT,CLM,S.C Tozer & ~ Dial, maufcur vor For 3ndGim .Mil,Sa 11 anaeknds Poke ad aleCuey,SAriutura and Sttonr C aOLIn I Watc ieeai.gRapaiciatyofWalytl.nspopl toradert Etmate and stbish beoad No~verr, S.C. 43-f. oa woki orescie demnds ppitin. Firt (lays frorkth adfate hreofs. te StunonLie.wilxeutrefte re L. Da,uvioro 3-3-. S JONT .Maager, Richard S. Whaley.et*al. vs.oLaura A - Th~ca lredatrsno the estat oAn j gj{)fjofW ay ped ro ed lneb ofuie tor renaers bothye addesbin NewiGerry,.S.owell1-13o., - Perponed AdvertisinganBurepun thei lives m a c0t apruow aL, Ncewpaoibl enSendveOcarr eor 100-Pfoe two years. SILASIJOHSTONE,Master, S f ancy ryosGoods,o -AX iNewspapetli in ai o nirdetsin madea ' 'los10 Sorthe Si.,tNew YIrk. '~zitot et tp an triitnan,dwls2 HASL STREET m-- o:. i-n i nkgtt h plcietovrwilb Cred n the ou, wo-m teo the i:t tz specti of,enstmes MIGNf ON I- ret ot I ne c ak-t ti n nd spln- o I r r.pl atne o Tht r ., mofa t fashtiioablCt be ar- B . Kilio. KE1.00se aih pineX':ht iin ormnto Goo" . NOhavTrCE.ymd I - .lyt o the foI tXXiguhr. Tuhoin lag eyeen-mteprcso he iIv theeitfm suitimade i X t"rnx eglrmeig h ltXe er-birait pt.ate Oi ('houlder yht,Mi 5h S h onyCm hi' po -tet pad a li timmig, iie.!totr will reeieseld-id Ar~ parte wth; any couso backr wn. Tii vredteofcso h r *o. ther uitiues aei maefrare A -k o j e --ANDk ofCuT HER por'al. whip-ear. ok-wrews.'~ and'-t X i' th 'ct-dr fth or os, co rX'. In aasiet' fo w5(t.ill '"Ind the ' -a-aiigtewlso sj I-::nt. Lttroat of Faod n. bthe fom:heCokty oare. Iu ..gae anctaay. I wol Bmn C order, ount tosi e..i L.c th NARD.: JeAenSo.e . .L. KERRINS ap e04 tf Aii Clmbfr Spin ha 8-pr-ly CHAR. LES-T ON.