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WINNSBIORO, S. C. Thursday, Nay 3, : : : 1877. R. M1'A '8 ')AVIS, Editor, JNO. 16. REbYNOLDS, Assocato Editor. John Leo, postmaster of Chester, has beon declared incligible to a1 sdt in the Legislature, and Mr. John J. Hemphill, w1o received the next highest 'mumber of votes, has betn aalnnited. Precisely thle same point was involved here ats in the Orcgon CiIase; but the decision of .Joe Bradley wit regarded as del inude. Carry thev news to Cronin. l'lie New York Legislature has partially passed an act to cast the Electoral vote of that Stato by cons griiosioial districts inisteald of 'a11 a 'Unit. The .Stato 1 ,.s beeI gerry -nandored by the Republicans, and the -operation of such a law would give the 1ipublicans twenty out of the thirty-ve votes to which the ,State is entitled. This estimate is beased uponl a clear l)emocratie majority of 35,000 in the entire Stato. Such a ilaw would not be uncolsti tutional. Some person styling himself a "repentant thief" has written to the secretary of the treasury, acknowl 'edging that ho stole tell dollars from the Confederate treasury dur ing the war. As ho has made resti tution to the cOHcience fund ill the 'shapo of a ten dollar Confederate bill, his case should be referred to a comisiH8iol of theologians to decide whether his reporitance is genuine. Even in religions matters that fel low preserves a keen eye for busi, 'nosa. The circular issued by the 'ommissinlcr of agriculture of Georgia, advising the farmnrs of that Stite to 'plaint corn, in view of the p'robable rise in broadstufls -owing to the European war, is well 'worth the careful considorat ion of our own people. In ease of a general war, 'Europo will be a battle ground and America a granary. Trade will be diverted into otlror channels, and the con sumfers in the South will htv t;) pay f high price for what food they regturo. The County School Commissioner. The News and Courier, co nunent. ing upon a recent artice of Tm: NEws AND~ HERIAL, advocating free schools, asks : "Is ii necessary, however, to have p~aid sthool commIissioners ? We think not I" We believe that a careful exami, 'nation by our contemuporary of the .freo school systemu, as emblodied in the constitution and statutes of the State, would result in an alteration of the opinion quo ted above. T1hie county school commnissioner is an essential portion of the machinery thus constituted, anud his duties are suc(h as will nlot be p~erformed'( prop. erly' unless hie be mado responsible bmy tihe receip)t of a salary. Trhat nine-tonths of the commissioners heretofore have deserved no0 salary is undoniable ; but the reason~ for thlis lies in their having neO'or even pretended to discharge the duties of their office.. These duties aro0 manifold. They' are defined in the Rovisedl Statutes, Chapter xxxviii., and somne of them are here quloted: The county school commnission er shall give bond for twice the amount of his salary. It shall bo his duty to visit each school in his county three times a year, to note the course of inlstrue,. tion, and the branc~hes taught, and to giwve such. reeYWmnDendations~ in the twe of taching~ inl onob school as sihall be expmedient, so that uniformi ty shall be scured in all the schotsj. Hie shall acquaint himself as far as practicable with the Condition of each school, noting ftmy deficiencies that may exist, oitheor in the govern mont of the school or the classjiea. tion of its pupils, or the me~thod of trution employed in the several nohs, ndshal mkesuch aug.. gestio'us 'i private, to the teaohors aus to him shall appear necessary to the good order of the school anid the prngessa of the m..il. e eail.. aid the teache'rs in all propOr efforts| to improve tlemsLtelves in theirprofee Sion. He shall encourage the formation of associations of teachers for m1us tual improvement, shall attend such meetings and give advice and in struction ir regard to their conduct and managoent. Ho shall deliver a public lecture to the people of each school district each year, for the purpose of elevating the stand, ard of education and increasing pub lie interest in the schools. He shall control the curriculum in catch school, and shall note the condition of the school houses. le s5hall prepare annual reports, giving ia coIplete stateiCllt of the condit:on of schools in hris colunty, arld imilig any suggestions he mitay concecive to be conducive to oduc : tional intci osts. He sl'11 serve ats the mnedium11 of conunun'eniction be twoeen thit Stato slperinten idcnit and the school authorities ill each county. le shll ei nlille tenc4 .ebrs, and decide is to t s colpet (9ey. H1e shall a:m regulato the dis blrse111e11ts at shiool funds by countersigning all school warrants on the treasury. He shall a ppoint district, trustees, n11d sup)1)ly all olli eimls with blanks, &c. It will be seen that the eounty school commlissioner's position is 0110 Of grave re'cponsibility. Upon his shoulders rests the entire eduea tional system of a county. And no system can event approximate suc-. css without the direct :uper visiol of some co1petllt )erson. l'.;pecially is som11 guiding lanid needed now to reduce. order o'ut of chaos. With the schools running smoothly, it muight be argued that n1 ) general sul)erinteldenco is ie cessary, though even in Now York a- oxperimient made before the war tj abolish the office of. county superintendent utterly failed. We hi ive no knowledge of anyv State inl the Union whero the system is sue eossful, that 111 not county super intendents. The experience of oth ors should be a guide to us. In South Carolina the schools are in a desperately bad way. The People know nothing of the system ; t'1o tec'hers aire not up1 to the timels; the ofbcials haiive been inlc1om11petent or corrupt. Is there in the system any latent vitality that will of itself slough off impurities and crystalize into a whole ? Such a hope is vain. When that which shoulld be t Well disciplined army has bcm()11oe a d m:)r)alized mob, without order, -life, is it made we..etiv, by abo ising the oico of general, by tillingt tihe co)lonCleiCs andu cap)tincies withi civilianls at~ niothing per mlont bl, anid by suiforinig aniy onei alssuinIg to) atii as5 sorgeant trcroa o nmte his squad ini anly way~ or with aniy wVeapon1s hoe maly soe .fit ? Such a proposition would conlsignl its maker to the lunatie aslyluml. Yet this is at precisely anllogous cise. Here is an army (If chiildren1 who should be0 mlarchling all1 in linle algainst the st rouighiolds of ignlorance. Th'ley are scattecred and straggling everywrhere. Thoir oflicers have been roereant to their t rust. Those wV o would have served t tfihuly haive b)eeni starved and comipelled to labor elsewhere. The armyr is de. stroyedl. not b'ecause it .i.t h ad ofli o'ers, but because it had none. Thlose who so called themselves, were iml posters. It is pnroos I t o remedy the de fects H-ow ? By repeating in another form the evils that existed before. Inlstead1 of worthless of11.. eers, tile army is to have none at all. Ins8t4ond of a sqluanldered alppropria iol, no0 applrpriation at all. The( p)rivates anid n)on ommifssioned ofhi,= cers miust work out their salvation, thle only assistance they are to re coive being from thlosO who may offer it p/ratis, which aid, being gratis, mayh1 be set down at 01nc0 as a p)ositive hindrance. The theory of free schiools is that they are comuponlent parts of a great wvhole. Thle Staiito supo~rintendent siurveys the entire field and delivers his orders to his subordinatos in each county. These transmit the comumands, and, in adldition, busy themselves to see that each subdi vision is brought into proper disoi. pline. Their subordinates are di-. rectly amenable to them, as they are to the State superintondent. The y tre the link in the phain binding the big1onu to the inwoe Another view to take is this. The d illerent schools in each county are . united in one. Theli school coniis sioier is the "head schoolmaster" of the county. His business is to teach the teachers. He must, not only Possess a knowledge of his subject, but must devote ia large share of his time to it. For this he must be paid. Take away the- head of a large grammar school, and it falls to pieces. Take away the head of the coutnty systen, and it perishes. 'he: hue and cry raised against, the school con m iSiOiloers is because they have been sItich aboinilable liiiinbilgs. iit.l because they were humbugs, enn n1 i com pet.eit oflicials be oltaineid ? We hluve had abomi iable governor s and aboinijiable I legislators, bu.t tihe people 0do not talk of abolishinig these oflices. They have, instead, wisely filled themxi with good nn. Fill the school system with good men and it will succeed too. If they cannot be elected, let the goverinor tphiiit themu. If competent, persons (tino be found in the Sitt. send elsewhere and import them. When local teach ers have faileI, the people have not been in the habit of abolishing the schools. They have raised imore money and imported ia thorioglih in, strI1etor. Build ipl the system, in stead of tearing it down. Penny wisdom is often pould folly. Retain the oflices and till them proper . and the problem of free education is solved. We must apologixe for the length of this article, bit, we feel cons train ed to-use every e('ort in behalf of free schools. They are the salval ion of tlie State. LEGISLATIVE PROCEEDINGS. MoNi'AY, April 30. A number of bills and joint reso - liutions were inl t'ro(ulced, read by their titles, and appropriately refer red. '1'he bill to aunthorize county con missioners. to submit to the gjuttiilied electors of their several counties a l"oposition to alter the fence laws, Wits made the special order for 'Tues day. May 1, Itt 1.30, p iml. Adjourned. H~o~st- O" Ih:-:sE-::rrvIv-rs. A munber of bills and joint reso - lut iolls were initroduced, read by1 the ir titles, and appropriately miijonl of members of the Mackey House15( repiorteud the followintg resol lations 1. Tlhiat.' fromi the couniity of Dar-. linigton, Messrs. R~ihard H-. 1Him hert, Sumnel J1. Keith, Zachiiai Wines and Jackson A. Smii th, on purginig thiemiselves at the bar of the Hlouse of their contempt, have the ont b1 of ollice admmiistercd, anmd hbe allowved to take t hir seatts as5 mem,1 hers. Tlhait fromi Newberry, Mr. Thomas hKeit t be adituiitt ed on thle samefl 0(on lit ions. That from Sum ter, Messi s. J. H. Ferriter and1 *Wil liami J. Andrw beWS1) admitted on the same condcitionis. 2. That. Messrs. Will H. Thomas, from t he county of Newb~erry, atnd D). A. St rak~er, of Orangebur'ng, on neCounit of thle gosIs conltempt lby thmemi comnmitted, and the delbm'11t attide assumed against thle latw and the dignity of the lionse, such1 acts tending to overth row the governmen t. lhe dlenied admittance: and1 that the resp)ct ive seatts which thmey eiaim be declared vacaint. Mr. Myers, from the minority of the c'omm it tee, madle the folluivino' report: That in the matter of Vi'. H-. Thomas, a muember from New.. berry county, andi D. A. Straker, a member from Orangeburg counity, they lie adlmmitted upon01 the sania conditions as5 persons who hiad prie-. viously bieen members of the so called Macke-y Hlouse. .The fiast resolution was decided in thle aflirmative. The second re solution andi the in ioritiv reporlt were madle the special order for Tuesday att 2 o'clock, p. m. The following memblers elect ap. peared at thme bar of the House, pro (duced their c redhenial s, pur1 ged themiselves oif their contempt, were sworn, atnd took their seats: From Darlington--essrs. Rlichard H. 11u11mbert, Samuel J. Keith, Zacha riah Wines and Jackson H-. Smith ; from Newberry-..Mr. Thomas Keith ; roSuter---Mr. J. H. Ferriter. TUsDAy, May 1. SENATE. IMr. Coohran presented thue memo rial of the Anderson .Board ofTrado, praying the naagne o aV- to ... venlt tho soveral ra~ilroalds of this State fromx muatking ulnreasonable chatrges anid fr'omt s0 dis'criinai~tinlg as8 to inljure. 01n0 communhlity for the bene11fit of another ; referred1 to coJ1l miitteo on rai~lroads. A number of hills aind joint ro luitions~ wUre intr'oduiced, read by their' titles., anld l)I)V11)p'iIttlY re ferred. \\'hitteinoro r'ose to it jsIextion of p~rivilege, ZaiCI leazd(' -it I:Igthy and b~itter repl1y to charges ilul0h againlst ;~t n the Charleston i~ es (and Adjouirntel. I LOUSE OF? flII ESENL'ATIV'ES. A l:thther' of bills awl joint roso lOtin 115Wer'S it to(ItW{1, real by their tities, anh.t tappr'oprialtely r'e f( iF('d. ].It I~t leet of Will It. ''hotl.9l~, a IiIRitet 'i ofi he sMack~ey 1-b i 55 fromi Ncwic'' V SIt t. outy te reporit, (,f (,!l tit his1('(1, anl "i htis SPitt dleclte(I A itt i'(A s. i wP iumber of (lie Mackey to tit::kt it IIIOoCi' ~tstoogy fior his .AIpt~i noed. Kati~iNi il 15'i't tutilisil to s,1tst. \ i*Ut'. .~IVls .' halo:it ':tsd$1t I.gt.It to~ til hc vst :ti il~iiait t1d liv slisea:t:-ii. I~tt 1i.I~i I havi e I cell tlick tw \"it~'ars i ~t ; t s'. .:js is' t111 k.iIg ni' \s'.t i tii' It 1i Sl 'is Iui li t'kei i 'tisti I ntV Is ol. Ci t's11'tu 1 "1. .' 11:111 \' t i lt'thViI, lit hits' :11)\' wani t li' ' .. 'f t i t, ht n t h l it Vii usttit v' s h t \* il .' tit ii ";ti t Ies rii.a ii':i :(1111ssst'l yet Ilisci l"u i. ;nciti -s t l, 110 ! ie ''ii isa lot' esi Isu it 'I 11, (aoth:t 1.,1" I si i Ist rt'.11r 1i ," \\iu~ S of fill lA I) Ni' E Mt1. It1'. \. \Srl:llMas 'Its i1"n187 ill (sstri i~iisitidosl it ii lii le, ils' Visdt4 '1:! tint' i the 5L~il Si.srlcl It'sti ttds' hlt.t 's'. liiis IIII.15,' th ks llit for ss s Ie \'t l Iati' 1151 rl;isith e s1,11 ' 1, t i ra i li st :ti's 1slt', ii 15w lltit i's t il l I;':! l :Ii Ii t e'i l S t .4I:t l"1i the'i i it tills' havs i t' h l' l it ' ile Gvra sVi:.I lt. 1;s N lia ~t":x, tiill si 1 872 iJ'~5i 5:1 tti' wit :;ts I.I ysi ' trlc ittl sit I'iI's',s tu ', s it , i l tits . to's'lI tit' li tst coa'sitscs s'of V i' it Issw- t'i . tol~ 'r it t tite 'it ut , IL15 0's~ a cl t It' ail gpUl i'lrli' oh tiltc tlltt ~ P~t'il 1'v ~ (V1,0 , u irgtil. a 8 t. Il:i .1 tlt tsst) tt lii' sls'Ists:t1111 cura'tivet t,ill i tie. At 1)115 i t tuv ~t' i y tLs V it is't tt \'It 11 1' 1 lilt 1l1lis 1 1111, 1h stk ti 1t. s1(tt its 551111 i i i'j li-st' I i a ilyiis~i '"t s's i il, "tS ilt. too lliiill n155 i l Hea~i''lth. w il t's'so 1liiI,tui Siu's's lisist as't not 1t~it'ltl' sil t'It' t v.-s it sll i uss st i tttlt1 isim it't b ill tlur l ! 'ii :s 1 7'in s 's lt' , a I ti ati ow 'stttl as *Ii lit , 'si t i ; . l'i'tith sno I s - FU RNITURE, -W INDOW Shades, Picture Franes, Children's Carriages, Lumber and Shingles. Use ecotomily by buying the best, and buy where you can get the cheapest. april 26 II. W. PHILLIPS. WATERS' ORCHESTRION ..tmo ORGAN is t ti1141st benuttifulin style ancd ptertect in& to. c t to ever isanle. It han the ceebrated Coneer to itop, which is a fine .ihnitlotio theilumun Voice, as two aud a hualf Octaves of bells tunted in perfect lar. lnony with the reels, amitheir e fcctis s:ng ical and electrifying. WVATJs CS'(,1AIt IO NA, OltCIIESTIIAL, 00NCENTO,. VESI' ERI,0(ENTENNIA. (IIIDIEM, CIIAPEL., and COTTAV E OlttaANS, in Unique French a tes comnle 'Ult ITY of VOICING with great volnini 'ftone,suitanblo for Parlor or (?husrch. WATERS' PIANOS, inul,'1qnn ARlE TilL EBiEST DIAI)E; the 'one,Tonsch, Wi'orkunshaip, and Dutrability Uinsurpunsed. WN'nrrntettd for MIX YEAiIM. I' it 11E'Isi E X 'I' it El EIY I.OWfor enal.Mon tlily li stullaents received. Instrntent's to let until snid for as pter contract. A Liberal I tireount to 'lo4whe'rsn.Minsisters,ChurchesSchools,cete. A(. ENI'S W1A NTE). staccial indluceanents to tihe trIde.llInst-ated t'ntnlognn Mniled. Second-hund Instrtutnts nt aItEAT HAIl. (YAINS. IIO1tACEI WATEIS & ONS, Diannfnelurers and Ienlers, 40 EAST 14th ST.,UNION SQUARlE,N.YS' SPING GOODS -FOR-. I077. To-day the campaigns fani 1elosed, The Iuck y man is he Who tales Lis seat on the 4th of March Our President he'll be And now the next. best thing Julst suited to our mind, Is where to get the eheapest goods The best of goods to findl. N.y friends and I went out one day, Sonie k evw SpI) tl Goods to buy; And we resolved,before we went, The dilferent stores to try. We wandered Winnsboro all around Until our feet were sore, Anl fontal the very place, at last, T'was HOL W'OLI;' New Cash Store. Of lats, Clothing and Loots and Shoes, Te latest to our view Thet ver~y be st styles of Dress Goods, Anid Prits sto chet& anid now. S1. t hen, uuny good friends, one and all,' Now is youur time to try Whatt :lar1gains youl uin get of mte Or, you need not Lbuy of 801L. feb 1'7 JUS7 RIECEIVED, )NE gross of the genutine Brown Wt'indsor Soap. ALSO, Twenty-fve dozen0/ assortedi Soaps, at the D~rug Storc of april 24 1)1. W. E. AIKEN. . Admnlistr'ator's Not ice. LLpesoshavinug clai ma againt the estaite of Wmt.Dawkins, deceased, late o aiid cout~fty, 8. (1.. are re. qustdt prsent them to mue at Spar abug . C., prloperly attested. All pesnslebted to the samne are re quested to~. make iammediaute paymfenit. April 19-4t Admninistrator. Shirts 1 Shirts I Shirts I --- AMS;TTA Muslin and 2200 Linen, at. .0( per hltmf dozen. hr 11 n:1td Calico at$o.00 and $9,00 per umar 22 J. F. MocMASTrER & Co, Winnisbo, o Hotel. IL IE uindersignedl takes plleasure in informinug his friends and the pubili thtat he has removed to that large and eolflflof io Briok hotel, located in the pledw t te bttathea arkp Het intend1s to deservoy aDd hopes to receive the pulblic patronage, M.L. BROWN, January, 8, 1877.-tt Ptpris. ETurJob :LBirtin donel .e