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The Story of Our States' By JONATHAN BRACE XXX.-WISCONSIN d1 cities i n Wisc onsin} with French names show the French influence in its early set tlement. The first white man to penetrate this region was Jean Nicollet, who was sent out in 1084 by Champlain to open trade with the Indians. He landed at Green Bay and prob ably traversed the country to Chicago. Fur traders and mis slonaries followed and the latter built a mission where Ashlarnd now stands. This was the first church erected In the state and around it sprang up the first permanent settlement. , Joliet anud Father Marquette descended the Wisconsin river, and La Salle expl.red a great deal of Wisconsin before lie took his famous trip down the Mississip pl. Arnroig the fur traiders to i comet to Wisconsini shores was f Daniel du Lhut, after whom the (ty of Duluth, Mini., was nam110(d. During the Revolution Wiseen- } sin remailined loyal to the Brit- } lah and though Wisconsin be ciame a part of the United States by the Treaty of Paris in 1788, it was not until 3816 that 4 federa troops really estahiishe authority there. Indian upris ings ('ontinuied for some time (ninlg only withi the Black Hawk war in 1882. Then fol loweVd exeisive 1mmigrittio'n ifromI the New1 Eangland States. Viscoinsin had formed a part 4 of tihe Neiiiwest Ierritory ulait 18(10, when it h e1amie at pairt of Allebigan territory. un(er whiC Jtiris(liction it re*iaiiiied uilt)) 1,936. with the( (,xcep },lin of nim. years, w(hen it wa's can0 side ried a p1a1t of 1111nois erritory. W"ith the admission of Michi'tan as i a sat , the Wisconsin Ierritory wats created, whih inclu(ld a:l- ". .o the present states of ow'u and M:nnesota and portions of North and Sout i Dakota. In 1814 Wiaconain was taken into the Union aS the thirtieth state. Its area is 5th(Ii square 4 miles and it has thirteen elee toral votes for president. 4 The state is named after the Wisconsin river. This is an Ojihwa phrase which means gaitlierinig waters.'' ]t is some times called the Iiadger State. (@ by 3NClure Newspaspr 5yrica.to.) .4 ..y . ... y .. .., 4 .40 .. .... . " .t. The Story of Our States By JONATHAN BRACE XV.-KENTUCKY (o f e n ~3,~,TII t u r k y' an1(1 Vigiiai i 5 4 o" "Fromx Virginin 1the settlers of the western state, and with them these pioneers and ideals. It wvas riot unill -1710 that the first authenitle journey was mtite by a whIte4 mani linto( ('entiral parts of the region afterwar'ds called Ken tucky. Frurther exlor3iationis showed that this territory hieldi two inm iportarnt attractions for settlers. - The first was the great fertIlity 4 of what was called0( the Blue Grass region. The so-called blue grass, from wleh thIs state Is nlicknamied the "Blue GIrass State" Is in no wIse pe euliar to3 Kent iueky. The second inducement for settlers was the fact that there4 wvere no Iniia living in this region. It was later found that crolssed the Ohio from the north and sorely harassed the early colonists until Clark's expedli. tions into Ohio and Indiana checked their invasions. In tact, the name Kentucky Is Probably derived from the Iroquois word kentka-ke, meaning "hunting sand." Anothier interpretation is "dark and bloody ground,' but this is doubtless Incorrect. The main highways of travel at that tIme wvere Daniel Boone's "Wilderness Road" through Cumberland Gap and down the Ohio. Hardy pioneers poured Into this new territory * in such numbe4's that in 1792, with the permission of Virginia, Kentucky was admitted to the an area of 40,598 square miles. Kentucky has thirteen electoral votes for president. The re markable physical condition of its Pipulation is shown in a re p~ort of the volunteems in the Civil war. This gave their av erage height us nearly an Inch taller than the New England tr'oops and with a correspond ingly greater girth of chest. (0 by McClure Newspaper 5rndicate.) -+ + + .. ++ ............,..... The Story of Our States By JONATHAN RACE XXV.-ARKANSAS A RKANSAS was pam ed after the r i v e.r which flows diagon ally through this state and is one of the chief tributaries of the Missis sippi. It Is said that the early settlers found in this territory, an Indian tribe named Arkansas, but the actual meaning of the word is not known. It'probably has some relation to the word {Kansas. There has been much confusion as to the correct pro nunciatlon of Arkansas. To re move this as far as possible a resolutiein was passed by the state aenate in 1881 which speel fled that the true pronunciation was "A r-kan-saw." } Originally Arkansas was a rart of the Louisiana Purchtlso. Its first settleInent was madrle by the French ab~ut 1085. Except for the few years during which by secret treaty it was ceded to Spain, it remained under French rule, until purltase( by the Uni ted States in 1803. For nearly ten years after this, it was a part of Lcuisiana territory. With the admission of the State of Louiiana In 1812 this northern section was formed into the Mis souri territory. In 1819 there , was another partition and Ar tkalas territory was created, which included the present state and what later was called Indian territory. Due to the reports of an early explorer named l'ike, who visited this region in 1800, the incor rect idea was generally accepted that liost of the expanse of e plains east of the Rockies was a vast desert. This idea per Sr Tsitd to such an extent that as late as 1850 the western plains were called in the school geog rarphies "The (ret American Dtesert." Adventurous settlers, * e !pecially from the South, found conditions in Arkansas quite oth erwise. however, and by 1838 Arkansas was admitted as the twenty-fifth state of the Union with an area of 53,835 square miles. The natural resources of the state are considerable, There are the mineral springs of me dicinal value, which have been i placed under governmental con- : trol at Hot Springs. ((IDby McClure Newspaper Syndicate.) ~The Story of SOur States r 0 By JONATHAN BRACE 0 X.-.VIRGINIA HEEARLLY0 Thistory of Virginia re 0 the name of ~ 0. % (apt. J ohn 0 0 ~ Smith. it was0 0 has in d om-0 Itable spirit whIch enabled the 0settlement at 'Jamestown to sur-0 ovive the privations and diflicul 0ties that encompassed it during othose first years. There in 1607 0was made the first permanent0 0English colony in America. The0 0charter given by King James 1 0to what was known as the Lon-0 don company, under whose aus-0 0pices Jamestown and the later0 0Virginia settlements were found-0 ddsignated that this colony Sshould extend 2(00 miles north0 0and 200) miles south of Old0 0PoInt Comfort and stretch west- 0 ward to the sea. Under the reign 0of Charles II It was considered j Ssuch alinportant colony that it0 w tas called the fourth dominion 0of his empire, that is, England,0 $ Scotland, Ireland and VirgInia.0 0From tils Virginila was often0 0called the Old D~ominion. The0 naeVirgInia itself means the ovirgin land and was so called0 after Queen Elizabeth, the "Vir 0gIn Queen." The early govern-0 Sment of Virginia is of great in- * 0terest. At first communism was0 0triedl, under which system the land and all property was owned 0in common and all profits were divided eqiually. This proved a 0disastrous failure. In 1019 the0 Sfirst real representative govern-0 0ment in the colonies was estah-0 Slished, called the house of bur-0 0gesses, which continued in force0 0under varying fortunes until Vir-0 0ginia joined the Union and he-0 0came the tenth state in 1788.0 0Much might be written of the 0 character of the early VirgInian0 0settlers and their great influence # on American life. From Virginia0 Shas sprung1 two other states,0 SKentucky d nd West Virginia.0 E Iven so, the stide's present area0 I Is 42,627 square :''les- ilolitI 0cally the Old Dominion state is 0 entitled to twelve preslentaiali 0 electors. This is about the( aIver-0 age of the southern states.0 0 0by McClure Newapepr synldicatiu NJ0 The Story of " Our States # By JONATHAN BRACE ; XI.-NEW YORK " THID STORE of New: 0York shoula f " rightly begin " with 1524, 0 eighty - five " years before , Henry Hud- " son's voyage in his little boat, j the Half Moon, up the river A S which now bears his name. For " at that early date an Italian " navigator, Verrazano, exploring " 0 for France, sailed into New 0 0 York bay. This first visit to 0 New York made little stir and was soon forgotten, and it was 0 " Hudson's rediscovery w h I c h tempted the Dutch to send over 0 0 colonists and obtain for the " l)utch West India company a 0 monopoly of the Dutch fur trado o in America. The new colony # 0 which was started in 1023 called : + 0 its territory New Netherlands, " after its mother country, and 0. 4 their principal city New Amster- 0 0dam. It is interesting to reflect 0 that Manhattan island, which is { now New York city, was pur- 0 chased from the Indians for $24 0 0 worth of beads and ribbons. 0 0 Even in its earliest (lays the set- 0 tlement on Manhattan Island " 0 ws cosmopolitan. In 1043 it is i reported that eighteen different 0 0 languages were spoken there. I i In 1664 the English captured " New Netherlands, and King Charles II presented the colony i 0 to his brother, the duke of York, 0 0 who was later King James II, " 0 and its name was then changed 0 0 to New York. 0 0 New York played a leading 1 0 part in the formation of the 0 0 United States. It was Alexan- " der Hamilton who N New 0 s York's representative in raming 0 the Constitution and it was New 0 s York city which was selected as I the first capital of the new 00 U'nin. where Washington was " oinugurated the first president. Ever since the Empire state, as s * New York is sometimes called, 0 has held the deciding voice in " presidential elections. Though i its size is only 49,204 square P miles, not quite half way in the " list of states according to area, 0 its great population gives New " York forty-five presidential elec tors, the largest number of any 0 * of the states. " by McClure Newspaper syndicate.) The Story of XXVIII.TEXAS Q', IE ill-fated * ~I~ O.~,~ 5expedition * ~of Navarez * ~was responsi , ble for the + * ~first interest * ~ Tis Texas. i **oThslarge ex ?pediton was wrecked at the tmouth of the Mississippi In 1528. Four members including Cabeza (Ie Vaca were captured by the 4Indians and spent eight years aneing through tecountry+ *eventually reaching the Gulf of I i SCalifornia. It was their ac counts of rlich Indian villages !which led the Mexican governor 4to send Coronada to explore this Scountry. lHe returned after a two-years' trip without discover- 4 Sing the reputed riches which he Swas seeking. I To counteract the aggressions' Sof the French settlements In SLouisiana, the Spanish estah Slished many missions throughout Texas, the most important b~e ing at San Antonio. When the 4United States negotiated the SLouisiana Purchase from France , they considered that Texas was Sa part of this territory. Overf4 tthis question war was nearly precipitated but fInally the Unmi- +. tedl Siates withdrew their claims in exchange for Spain's with-$ rawan of claims to the Oregon Many Americans began to set tio in Texas, among them Ge n eral Sam Houston and Stephen F. Austin. Mexico became alarmed at this rapid increas of American pioneers whichj threatened to crowd out the Mex~ Iean population. Oppjessive measures were adopted and~ caused the Americans to rise' in rebellion in 18.'6. During this uprising occurred the gallant de $ense of the Alamo by a handful of Americans and their slaughter by the vaistly sup~erior numbers of the Mexicanis. "Remember the Alamo*" became the Texans' slo-4 gan. Gleneral Houston deeisive ly defeatedl' the Mexican forces1 sat th~e battle 'of San Ja'icinto and the Republic of Trexats was launched with Houston as preal eit. 'rhe flag conitained (one star, anmd from this h~as colme the T ame hi.'le Lone Star State. After* coniderl(abtle oplilon5j fromt thle N 1r: Tex'ai5~s as annexel to ~ (M. bw MicCiure Newran(,. a.....Cm.E ) The Story of Our States By JONATHAN BRACE XVI.-TENNESSEE THE~ history of Tennes see stretches back to the year 1541 when De Soto with his -par ty of Spanish adventurers probably reached the present site of Memphis on the. Mississippi. The French under La -Salle built a fort here about 1682. The English also, laid claim to this territory, in cluding it in the grant to North Carolina. It was not until 1770 that the -first permanent' settle ment was made by James Rob ertson and this was soon fol lowed by many other settlers from North Carolina. They formed what they called the Washington district, but this was ao-rt lived as it wat promptly annexed to North Carolina. In 1784 the inhabi tants, indignant over North Car olina's attitude toward them, declared their independence and formed the State of Franklin or Frankland. As this seces lion was not countenanced by North Carolina, for a number of years a state of confusion existed with two sets of officers trying to govern. Meanwhile the settlement suffered severely 3 from hostile Indians and from i the Spanish, who still held Lou islana, and controlled the Mis sissippi river. In 1790 North Carolina finally ceded this ter ritory to the United States. By 1706 the population had In-* creased to over (10.000, so Ten nessee was admitted as the six tcenth state of the Union. At the outbreak of the Civil war, Tennessee Joined the Con federacy. In 18(1, when the state was readiatted to the Un ion. there was much disorder during ie reconstruction p'riod. Th's led to lhe f'orma tion of the Ku Klux Klan, the influence of which quickly spread through out 1 he Southern states. This secret organization took into its own hands the suppres sion of crime and the admin istration of justice. Tennessee egntains 42,022 square miles, eud is sometimes called the Volunteer state. " It is numd after its principal riv er, "hich is a Cherokee word meaning "Crooked River" or "he.' in the river." (@ by McClure Newupaper Syndicate.) The Story of Our States By JONATHAN BRACE XXVII.--FLORIDA 49' '4 sidlere~d Amer I ca's first healhth resort. It was the 'ti. ~ i~ search for -a mythical F~outfann of Perpetual Youth that led Ponce dle Leon, the Spanish explorer, to land near the present site of St. Augustine.4 Hius rediscovery of Florida in 1518 was on Easte'r Sunday, hence the name, which is from Pascua Florida or Flowery P'ass over, which Is the Spanish for Easter Sunday. The French were the next set tiers, founding a colony on the St. John's river. Spain promptly took action to maintain her own ership of this region and sent over an expedition which erected a fort under the leadership of Menendez at St. Augustine in 1505 and exterminated the Huge not colony. St. Augustine is the+ oldest city in the United States. There followed a period of hos tility betwveen the English col onists in the Carolinas and tihe Spanish in Fl'orida. By the trea-4 ty of 1708 Spain ceded Floridla to England In exchange for Ha vana, which England had cap. tured a few years previous. It remained an E~nglish colony urn til the last years of the Rtevolu tion when Spain recaptured it. There were two provinces, j East and WVest Florida. As the Spanish ruled Florida with -a very loose form of government, this region became the refuge of pirates, smugglers and lawless characters. Such an elemenit to gether with the unruly Seminole Indians naturally caused a great deal of trouble. To overcome this, .PresIdent Monroe pur chased Florida from Spain In 1819 for $5,000,000 or about eleven cents an acre. It was organized into a territory and -in. 1845 was admitted to the Un Florida is sometimes called the Everglade~ State on account of the vast Swamp-land In its southern part. It is also known as the Peisula State and Is the southernmost Staite of the Union. Its area is 58,6,00 square mniles. (0 by Mecture l'I..a..... S a... - FISHERMAN'S LUCK. By Bill Blue. Dear Editor: Since writing up that last fishing trip I have discov ered that a good reliable set of legs is sometimes worth more to a fel low than any quantity of brains. I am forced to make this declaration from actual experience. Cause some of them fellows got so het up durned if you couldn't smell 'em half a mile. I had to sort o' curry 'em down and b-bosh I just told 'em that fishing trips were like frizzly hair, hard to make things lay and look straight, and then some of 'em 'just went up in the air and like to kicked the rafters offen the elements. They acted like a 'giraffe on a razee with his legs tangled up in a lazy streak o' light ning, while others done sorter like a hooten owl, looked wise and said nothing. But I tell you they shot it to me like Johnson did the bear. It aint printable but i't's lamentable. Even now I keep a wolf trap set in my yard and slkep with two Kreg dergusens under my pillow, besides a company of muzzlc loading bull dogs eintrenched just outside my gate. You see some of 'em si ore a mighty swear that they was going; to do something amazin ugly to me if I gver writ up their fishing doings again. So I just informed 'em that the newspapers was just starving for newc and me being one of the of ficial correspondents I was going to have the news if I had to go out and scrape it up with the county road scrape and deliver it. with frills and variations and the bark on. So after mature and solemn delibera tion we made our will, packed our woridly belongings (-.even fish hooks, oae pencil and a quart bottle) in our grip sack. Half soled our trous ers where it would do the most good, bid the wife one long lingering fare well and hiked out with a merry jog ri the trail to the happy hunting grounds of the fisherman. How long we hiked 1 do not know, Bad luck was with us still, it seem ed, Although we searched both high and low That quart was but an empty dream. We cast our roving optics over the placid waters of the fisherman's par'a Sold only give tire at the lo'i 30Oy $15 NON Reduction in all s A New Low Known and Ho LANGST ON' j Full Line of Fisk Stock. All Kinds Accessories, Auto Workmen, -Satisf ac dise. The moon arose and solemn.. ly peeped over the hill and every thing was as quiet as a pair of ladies' slippers under a hotel bed. Well, we began to think the link pins of our logic had slipped a peg'4; or two and kind of wished we hadn't come, when afar down the river among the mugwamps and cane breaks we spied the twinkle of a light. Then we knew our hunch was right and proceeded to investigate. When we seen it was the same old Easley bunch we slipped up like a spook thief and hid behind sun perch that one of 'eth had th wn to one side and listened to the talk, and I'll be hanged if it wouldn't surprise you what a crowd like that will do and talk about. One fellow said he had a wart on hiseheel that he could rub till it got warm, then wade the river where it wasn't vef totreetA deep and every fish half a mile would follow him clj out on the bank. Another fellf amed John, I think,) said he a , s carried a buckeye in his pockett en he, want ed to catch a mess o; edium sized ones weighing 30 to 40 pounds. Well sir, this talk wett )n for some time. but ycu could ve knocked me o.er with a fe.her', en a fellow got up and said, "N 11, boys, we .rt for home in the liorninig and c"evybody remember mu 's the word. Not a ding busted wor about this tip bac' hone where t at air feller :il Blue can git. he. of it. That bW. -"e rascal jis rites and rites. The la tim he writ aboijt us it was a cussed no sich thing .and the one that tells him about th'j trip l'll be dangc: I f he don't ta'y home next time. ' ill's get r! t; iness ritin our doir.gs in that eld paper no how. De;'t the b..mc foo0 krnow that our ve,'Ys might rc :d/that paper and g :e:s who 'twt,... 'And the first durn one 'o you feller that tell I'm goir $ to kick the whole e ing bosom of y ur britches out." :PIat was the is st I heard. That su:i 4erch gave on L flap ad l ]arded ha iN.>ay cross th-. river a nd kept pulling -for the other shore. V. V. COLLINS Licensed Veterniarian Day Phone 195. 1 Night and Sunday Phone 149. Easley, S. C. by dealers mileage est cost tory e 1 .00 KID tyles and sizes Price on a nest ProductI GARAE Tires Always in Auto Parts and Repairing, Skilled ion Guaranteed.L